Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Anal Fissure and Stenosis | Abdominal Key

  https://abdominalkey.com/anal-fissure-and-stenosis/

  Fissure in ano is a longitudinal or elliptical tear in the mucosal lining of the anal canal distal to the dentate line. At this location, the anoderm lining is composed of multiple layers of squamous epithelium and is richly innervated with pain fibers. Anal fissures (AFs) result in significant morbidity and reduction of quality of life in otherwise healthy young individuals. […] Although fissures are more commonly encountered in a young age group, with equal ratio among both genders, they can also affect extremes of age. The exact incidence is unknown, likely because many patients with acute fissures do not seek medical advice, and improve without treatment. However, it has been suggested that the lifetime incidence is 11%. […] Fissures are usually single, and lie in the posterior midline in 80% to 90% of cases. Anterior midline AFs are most commonly found in women. About 3% to 10% of AFs occur in the postpartum period, and these are often in the anterior midline.

• #2 Anal Fissure and Stenosis | Abdominal Key

  https://abdominalkey.com/anal-fissure-and-stenosis/

  Fissure in ano is a longitudinal or elliptical tear in the mucosal lining of the anal canal distal to the dentate line. At this location, the anoderm lining is composed of multiple layers of squamous epithelium and is richly innervated with pain fibers. Anal fissures (AFs) result in significant morbidity and reduction of quality of life in otherwise healthy young individuals. […] Although fissures are more commonly encountered in a young age group, with equal ratio among both genders, they can also affect extremes of age. The exact incidence is unknown, likely because many patients with acute fissures do not seek medical advice, and improve without treatment. However, it has been suggested that the lifetime incidence is 11%. […] Fissures are usually single, and lie in the posterior midline in 80% to 90% of cases. Anterior midline AFs are most commonly found in women. About 3% to 10% of AFs occur in the postpartum period, and these are often in the anterior midline.

• #3 Anal fissure: Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, prevention – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/anal-fissure-clinical-manifestations-diagnosis-prevention/print

  Anal fissures most often affect infants and middle-age individuals. It is estimated that approximately 235,000 new cases of anal fissure occur every year in the United States. However, a more precise incidence cannot be established, because anal discomfort is often misattributed to symptomatic hemorrhoids.

• #4 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures in a population-based cohort

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4109752/

  Anal fissure (AF) is regarded as a common problem, but there are no published epidemiologic data, nor information on current treatment. […] General surgeons and colon rectal surgery specialists regard AF as a common problem in adults and children, but data on the epidemiology of this disease are very rare. […] Most surgeons and published expert opinions describe AF as common, but systematically collected incidence data on AF are not available. Extrapolation of the incidence rates in this cohort to the 2010 US census population indicates that there are approximately 342,000 new AF cases diagnosed in the US each year. […] The overall incidence of 1.1 per 1000 person-years translates to an average life time risk of 7.8%, and thus AF is indeed a common problem. […] Our analysis reveals some important details about the variation in AF incidence by age and sex.

• #5 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures in a population-based cohort | springermedizin.de

  https://www.springermedizin.de/the-epidemiology-and-treatment-of-anal-fissures-in-a-population-/9438218

  Most surgeons and published expert opinions describe AF as common, but systematically collected incidence data on AF are not available. Extrapolation of the incidence rates in this cohort to the 2010 US census population (292.7 million aged 6 years), with adjustment by age and sex, indicates that there are approximately 342,000 new AF cases diagnosed in the US each year. This is similar to the annual incidence of appendectomies in the US (approximately 280,000 cases per year, or 0.7 to 1.7 cases per 1000 person-years depending on age) […] The overall incidence of 1.1 per 1000 person-years translates to an average life time risk of 7.8%, and thus AF is indeed a common problem.

• #6 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures in a population-based cohort | springermedizin.de

  https://www.springermedizin.de/the-epidemiology-and-treatment-of-anal-fissures-in-a-population-/9438218

  Most surgeons and published expert opinions describe AF as common, but systematically collected incidence data on AF are not available. Extrapolation of the incidence rates in this cohort to the 2010 US census population (292.7 million aged 6 years), with adjustment by age and sex, indicates that there are approximately 342,000 new AF cases diagnosed in the US each year. This is similar to the annual incidence of appendectomies in the US (approximately 280,000 cases per year, or 0.7 to 1.7 cases per 1000 person-years depending on age) […] The overall incidence of 1.1 per 1000 person-years translates to an average life time risk of 7.8%, and thus AF is indeed a common problem.

• #7 Anal Fissures – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526063/

  Anal fissures are present in any age group; however, they are mostly identified in the pediatric and middle-aged populations. Gender is equally affected, and approximately 250,000 new cases are diagnosed each year in the United States.[6] […] Anal fissures are common in both adults and children, and those with a history of constipation tend to have more frequent episodes of this condition.

• #8 Anal fissure: Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, prevention – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/anal-fissure-clinical-manifestations-diagnosis-prevention/print

  Anal fissures most often affect infants and middle-age individuals. It is estimated that approximately 235,000 new cases of anal fissure occur every year in the United States. However, a more precise incidence cannot be established, because anal discomfort is often misattributed to symptomatic hemorrhoids.

• #9 Anal fissure epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Anal_fissure_epidemiology_and_demographics

  The incidence of anal fissure is approximately 1100 (700-1700) per 100,000 individuals in US which is about 7.8% lifetime risk. The incidence in patients with Crohn’s disease is approximately 30-50%. […] Each year 235,0000 new cases are reported for anal fissure. […] Anal fissure commonly affects women in adolescence and child bearing age group. Anal fissure commonly affects men in the middle age group. […] Females are more commonly affected by anal fissure than males. Females have higher incidence of 1140 cases per 100,000 as compared to males who have 1070 per 100,000.

• #10 Anal fissure – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal_fissure

  The incidence of anal fissures is around 1 in 350 adults. They occur equally common in men and women and most often occur in adults aged 15 to 40.

• #11 Anal fissure – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice

  https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/563

  Anal fissure is a split in the skin of the distal anal canal characterised by pain on defecation and rectal bleeding. It is a common condition in young to middle-aged adults and may occur in 1 in 350 people. […] It is the second commonest gastro-intestinal complication of pregnancy after haemorrhoids.

• #12 Anal fissure epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Anal_fissure_epidemiology_and_demographics

  The incidence of anal fissure is approximately 1100 (700-1700) per 100,000 individuals in US which is about 7.8% lifetime risk. The incidence in patients with Crohn’s disease is approximately 30-50%. […] Each year 235,0000 new cases are reported for anal fissure. […] Anal fissure commonly affects women in adolescence and child bearing age group. Anal fissure commonly affects men in the middle age group. […] Females are more commonly affected by anal fissure than males. Females have higher incidence of 1140 cases per 100,000 as compared to males who have 1070 per 100,000.

• #13 Anal Fissure: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment | Doctor

  https://patient.info/doctor/anal-fissure-pro

  Anal fissure is known to be a common condition. There are no recent prevalence figures but it is believed to have a lifetime incidence of around 11%. […] It can occur at any age, including children. However, it is most common between the second and fourth decades. Primary anal fissures are less common in the elderly. […] Prevalence is equal between men and women. […] Acute fissures are more common than chronic fissures.

• #14 Anal Fissure and Stenosis | Abdominal Key

  https://abdominalkey.com/anal-fissure-and-stenosis/

  Fissure in ano is a longitudinal or elliptical tear in the mucosal lining of the anal canal distal to the dentate line. At this location, the anoderm lining is composed of multiple layers of squamous epithelium and is richly innervated with pain fibers. Anal fissures (AFs) result in significant morbidity and reduction of quality of life in otherwise healthy young individuals. […] Although fissures are more commonly encountered in a young age group, with equal ratio among both genders, they can also affect extremes of age. The exact incidence is unknown, likely because many patients with acute fissures do not seek medical advice, and improve without treatment. However, it has been suggested that the lifetime incidence is 11%. […] Fissures are usually single, and lie in the posterior midline in 80% to 90% of cases. Anterior midline AFs are most commonly found in women. About 3% to 10% of AFs occur in the postpartum period, and these are often in the anterior midline.

• #15 Anal Fissures – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526063/

  Anal fissures are present in any age group; however, they are mostly identified in the pediatric and middle-aged populations. Gender is equally affected, and approximately 250,000 new cases are diagnosed each year in the United States.[6] […] Anal fissures are common in both adults and children, and those with a history of constipation tend to have more frequent episodes of this condition.

• #16 Anal fissure: Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, prevention – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/anal-fissure-clinical-manifestations-diagnosis-prevention/print

  Anal fissures most often affect infants and middle-age individuals. It is estimated that approximately 235,000 new cases of anal fissure occur every year in the United States. However, a more precise incidence cannot be established, because anal discomfort is often misattributed to symptomatic hemorrhoids.

• #17 Anal Fissure | 5-Minute Clinical Consult

  https://www.unboundmedicine.com/5minute/view/5-Minute-Clinical-Consult/116021/all/Anal_Fissure?q=Crohn+Disease

  Affects all ages; common in infants 6 to 24 months; uncommon in older children: suspect abuse or trauma; elderly less common due to lower resting pressure in the anal canal. […] Exact incidence is unknown, as patients often treat with home remedies and do not seek medical care. However, one cohort study found the average lifetime risk in the United States to be 7.8%, equal to that of appendectomy. […] 80% of infants, usually self-limited. […] 10-20% of adults, most of whom do not seek medical advice.

• #18 Pediatric Surgery for Anal Fissure: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/934952-overview

  Most fissures affecting the pediatric population manifest in children aged 6-24 months; however, the overall incidence of the problem has not been well described.

• #19 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures in a population-based cohort | BMC Gastroenterology | Full Text

  https://bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-230X-14-129

  Anal fissure (AF) is regarded as a common problem, but there are no published epidemiologic data, nor information on current treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence, associated comorbidities, and treatment of AF in a population-based cohort. […] The overall annual incidence was 0.11% (1.1 cases per 1000 person-years), but ranged widely by age [0.05% in patients 617 years to 0.18% in patients 2534 years]. The incidence also varied by sex, and was significantly higher among females 1224 years, and among males 5564 years (P0.001). […] AF is a common clinical problem, and the incidence varies substantially by age and sex. […] Most patients are prescribed topical treatments, although it appears that many prescriptions are never filled. Surgical interventions for AF including botulinum toxin and lateral internal sphincterotomy are uncommon.

• #20

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13304-024-01882-8

  Few data are available on AFs epidemiology: a population-based study conducted in 2014 by Mapel and colleagues in the United States found an overall incidence of AF of 1.1 per 1000 person-years, which translated into an average lifetime risk of 7.8%. […] AF is a common condition that causes significant complications in a young and otherwise healthy population, as peak incidence occurs between 15 and 40 years of age. […] AFs are the second most common cause after hemorrhoids for proctology visits in Italy. […] Results show that general practitioners are used to manage AF. However, there is still a gap between guidelines recommendations and actual management. […] The present study provides important insights on patients with anal fissure managed in primary care. Results showed that general practitioners are used to deal with this common anal pathology; however, there is still a gap between recommendations provided by guidelines and the actual management of anal fissure in primary care, which might represent room for improvements.

• #21 Anal Fissure | 5-Minute Clinical Consult

  https://www.unboundmedicine.com/5minute/view/5-Minute-Clinical-Consult/116021/all/Anal_Fissure?q=Crohn+Disease

  Affects all ages; common in infants 6 to 24 months; uncommon in older children: suspect abuse or trauma; elderly less common due to lower resting pressure in the anal canal. […] Exact incidence is unknown, as patients often treat with home remedies and do not seek medical care. However, one cohort study found the average lifetime risk in the United States to be 7.8%, equal to that of appendectomy. […] 80% of infants, usually self-limited. […] 10-20% of adults, most of whom do not seek medical advice.

• #22 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures in a population-based cohort | BMC Gastroenterology | Full Text

  https://bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-230X-14-129

  Anal fissure (AF) is regarded as a common problem, but there are no published epidemiologic data, nor information on current treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence, associated comorbidities, and treatment of AF in a population-based cohort. […] The overall annual incidence was 0.11% (1.1 cases per 1000 person-years), but ranged widely by age [0.05% in patients 617 years to 0.18% in patients 2534 years]. The incidence also varied by sex, and was significantly higher among females 1224 years, and among males 5564 years (P0.001). […] AF is a common clinical problem, and the incidence varies substantially by age and sex. […] Most patients are prescribed topical treatments, although it appears that many prescriptions are never filled. Surgical interventions for AF including botulinum toxin and lateral internal sphincterotomy are uncommon.

• #23 Anal Fissure and Stenosis | Abdominal Key

  https://abdominalkey.com/anal-fissure-and-stenosis/

  Primary AFs are idiopathic, usually anterior or posterior, and are not caused by underlying disease. Secondary fissures often occur in the lateral positions and are associated with other disease processes. Multiple fissures should raise suspicion of other causes such as inflammatory bowel disease (mainly Crohn disease), human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis, tuberculosis, cancer, or leukemia. Alternatively, fissures refractory to treatment should prompt examination under anesthesia and biopsy to rule out malignancy. […] Primary fissures tend to occur more commonly in young age groups of both genders. Those fissures occurring in persons older than 65 years are more likely to be a secondary, so testing to rule out inciting pathology should be performed. AFs are arbitrarily classified as acute AF (AAF) and chronic AF (CAF) based on the duration of the disease process, with the cutoff being 6 weeks of persistent symptoms.

• #24 Anal fissure – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal_fissure

  The incidence of anal fissures is around 1 in 350 adults. They occur equally common in men and women and most often occur in adults aged 15 to 40.

• #25 Anal Fissure

  https://mobile.fpnotebook.com/GI/Rectum/AnlFsr.htm

  Affects young and middle-aged adults. […] Men and women are equally affected.

• #26 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures – ProQuest

  https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/epidemiology-treatment-anal-fissures-population/docview/1548367269/se-2

  Anal fissure (AF) is regarded as a common problem, but there are no published epidemiologic data, nor information on current treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence, associated comorbidities, and treatment of AF in a population-based cohort. […] There were 1,243 AF cases, including 721 (58%) females and 522 (42%) males; 150 (12%) of the cases occurred in children aged 6-17 years. The overall annual incidence was 0.11% (1.1 cases per 1000 person-years), but ranged widely by age [0.05% in patients 6-17 years to 0.18% in patients 25-34 years]. The incidence also varied by sex, and was significantly higher among females 12-24 years, and among males 55-64 years (P 0.001). […] AF is a common clinical problem, and the incidence varies substantially by age and sex. Constipation, obesity, and hypothyroidism are associated comorbidities. Most patients are prescribed topical treatments, although it appears that many prescriptions are never filled. Surgical interventions for AF including botulinum toxin and lateral internal sphincterotomy are uncommon.

• #27 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures in a population-based cohort | BMC Gastroenterology | Full Text

  https://bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-230X-14-129

  Anal fissure (AF) is regarded as a common problem, but there are no published epidemiologic data, nor information on current treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence, associated comorbidities, and treatment of AF in a population-based cohort. […] The overall annual incidence was 0.11% (1.1 cases per 1000 person-years), but ranged widely by age [0.05% in patients 617 years to 0.18% in patients 2534 years]. The incidence also varied by sex, and was significantly higher among females 1224 years, and among males 5564 years (P0.001). […] AF is a common clinical problem, and the incidence varies substantially by age and sex. […] Most patients are prescribed topical treatments, although it appears that many prescriptions are never filled. Surgical interventions for AF including botulinum toxin and lateral internal sphincterotomy are uncommon.

• #28 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures – ProQuest

  https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/epidemiology-treatment-anal-fissures-population/docview/1548367269/se-2

  Anal fissure (AF) is regarded as a common problem, but there are no published epidemiologic data, nor information on current treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence, associated comorbidities, and treatment of AF in a population-based cohort. […] There were 1,243 AF cases, including 721 (58%) females and 522 (42%) males; 150 (12%) of the cases occurred in children aged 6-17 years. The overall annual incidence was 0.11% (1.1 cases per 1000 person-years), but ranged widely by age [0.05% in patients 6-17 years to 0.18% in patients 25-34 years]. The incidence also varied by sex, and was significantly higher among females 12-24 years, and among males 55-64 years (P 0.001). […] AF is a common clinical problem, and the incidence varies substantially by age and sex. Constipation, obesity, and hypothyroidism are associated comorbidities. Most patients are prescribed topical treatments, although it appears that many prescriptions are never filled. Surgical interventions for AF including botulinum toxin and lateral internal sphincterotomy are uncommon.

• #29 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures in a population-based cohort | BMC Gastroenterology | Full Text

  https://bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-230X-14-129

  Anal fissure (AF) is regarded as a common problem, but there are no published epidemiologic data, nor information on current treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence, associated comorbidities, and treatment of AF in a population-based cohort. […] The overall annual incidence was 0.11% (1.1 cases per 1000 person-years), but ranged widely by age [0.05% in patients 617 years to 0.18% in patients 2534 years]. The incidence also varied by sex, and was significantly higher among females 1224 years, and among males 5564 years (P0.001). […] AF is a common clinical problem, and the incidence varies substantially by age and sex. […] Most patients are prescribed topical treatments, although it appears that many prescriptions are never filled. Surgical interventions for AF including botulinum toxin and lateral internal sphincterotomy are uncommon.

• #30 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures – ProQuest

  https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/epidemiology-treatment-anal-fissures-population/docview/1548367269/se-2

  Anal fissure (AF) is regarded as a common problem, but there are no published epidemiologic data, nor information on current treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence, associated comorbidities, and treatment of AF in a population-based cohort. […] There were 1,243 AF cases, including 721 (58%) females and 522 (42%) males; 150 (12%) of the cases occurred in children aged 6-17 years. The overall annual incidence was 0.11% (1.1 cases per 1000 person-years), but ranged widely by age [0.05% in patients 6-17 years to 0.18% in patients 25-34 years]. The incidence also varied by sex, and was significantly higher among females 12-24 years, and among males 55-64 years (P 0.001). […] AF is a common clinical problem, and the incidence varies substantially by age and sex. Constipation, obesity, and hypothyroidism are associated comorbidities. Most patients are prescribed topical treatments, although it appears that many prescriptions are never filled. Surgical interventions for AF including botulinum toxin and lateral internal sphincterotomy are uncommon.

• #31 Anal fissure epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Anal_fissure_epidemiology_and_demographics

  The incidence of anal fissure is approximately 1100 (700-1700) per 100,000 individuals in US which is about 7.8% lifetime risk. The incidence in patients with Crohn’s disease is approximately 30-50%. […] Each year 235,0000 new cases are reported for anal fissure. […] Anal fissure commonly affects women in adolescence and child bearing age group. Anal fissure commonly affects men in the middle age group. […] Females are more commonly affected by anal fissure than males. Females have higher incidence of 1140 cases per 100,000 as compared to males who have 1070 per 100,000.

• #32 Anal Fistulas and Fissures: Background, Pathophysiology and Etiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/776150-overview

  Anal fissures affect males and females equally; however, an anterior fissure is more likely to develop in women (25%) than in men (8%). […] Although anal fissures are the most common cause of rectal bleeding in infants, they are primarily seen in young adults. Eighty-seven percent of people with a chronic anal fissure are between the ages of 20 and 60 years. Anal fissures in children may indicate sexual abuse. […] Anal fistulas are a complication of anorectal abscesses, which are more common in women than in men. For reasons of intrinsic anatomy, rectovaginal fistulas are found only in women. Approximately 30-50% of patients with an anorectal abscess form an anal fistula, and approximately 80% of anal fistulas arise from anorectal infection.

• #33 Anal Fissure and Stenosis | Abdominal Key

  https://abdominalkey.com/anal-fissure-and-stenosis/

  Fissure in ano is a longitudinal or elliptical tear in the mucosal lining of the anal canal distal to the dentate line. At this location, the anoderm lining is composed of multiple layers of squamous epithelium and is richly innervated with pain fibers. Anal fissures (AFs) result in significant morbidity and reduction of quality of life in otherwise healthy young individuals. […] Although fissures are more commonly encountered in a young age group, with equal ratio among both genders, they can also affect extremes of age. The exact incidence is unknown, likely because many patients with acute fissures do not seek medical advice, and improve without treatment. However, it has been suggested that the lifetime incidence is 11%. […] Fissures are usually single, and lie in the posterior midline in 80% to 90% of cases. Anterior midline AFs are most commonly found in women. About 3% to 10% of AFs occur in the postpartum period, and these are often in the anterior midline.

• #34 Anal Fissure and Stenosis | Abdominal Key

  https://abdominalkey.com/anal-fissure-and-stenosis/

  Fissure in ano is a longitudinal or elliptical tear in the mucosal lining of the anal canal distal to the dentate line. At this location, the anoderm lining is composed of multiple layers of squamous epithelium and is richly innervated with pain fibers. Anal fissures (AFs) result in significant morbidity and reduction of quality of life in otherwise healthy young individuals. […] Although fissures are more commonly encountered in a young age group, with equal ratio among both genders, they can also affect extremes of age. The exact incidence is unknown, likely because many patients with acute fissures do not seek medical advice, and improve without treatment. However, it has been suggested that the lifetime incidence is 11%. […] Fissures are usually single, and lie in the posterior midline in 80% to 90% of cases. Anterior midline AFs are most commonly found in women. About 3% to 10% of AFs occur in the postpartum period, and these are often in the anterior midline.

• #35 Comparing closed versus open lateral internal sphincterotomy for management of chronic anal fissure: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised control trials | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-48286-z

  Chronic anal fissure is one of the most common benign anorectal health conditions, causing significant morbidity, quality of life, and economic loss. […] Evidence on epidemiological distribution has scared, but a population-based cohort in the United States reported that approximately 342,000 new anal fissure cases are diagnosed each year. […] Anal fissure has an estimated average lifetime risk of 7.8%-112,3. […] Approximately 90% of anal fissures are found in the posterior midline, 825% in the anterior midline, and 3% in the posterior and anterior positions of the anal canal. […] The posterior chronic anal fissure was accounted 86.1% (95% CI 81.590.8%, I2=76.3%, p=0.001). […] A low rate of recurrent anal fissure is one solid indicator to choose a specific type of intervention for chronic anal fissure.

• #36 Anal Fissure and Stenosis | Abdominal Key

  https://abdominalkey.com/anal-fissure-and-stenosis/

  Fissure in ano is a longitudinal or elliptical tear in the mucosal lining of the anal canal distal to the dentate line. At this location, the anoderm lining is composed of multiple layers of squamous epithelium and is richly innervated with pain fibers. Anal fissures (AFs) result in significant morbidity and reduction of quality of life in otherwise healthy young individuals. […] Although fissures are more commonly encountered in a young age group, with equal ratio among both genders, they can also affect extremes of age. The exact incidence is unknown, likely because many patients with acute fissures do not seek medical advice, and improve without treatment. However, it has been suggested that the lifetime incidence is 11%. […] Fissures are usually single, and lie in the posterior midline in 80% to 90% of cases. Anterior midline AFs are most commonly found in women. About 3% to 10% of AFs occur in the postpartum period, and these are often in the anterior midline.

• #37 Anal Fissure and Stenosis | Abdominal Key

  https://abdominalkey.com/anal-fissure-and-stenosis/

  Fissure in ano is a longitudinal or elliptical tear in the mucosal lining of the anal canal distal to the dentate line. At this location, the anoderm lining is composed of multiple layers of squamous epithelium and is richly innervated with pain fibers. Anal fissures (AFs) result in significant morbidity and reduction of quality of life in otherwise healthy young individuals. […] Although fissures are more commonly encountered in a young age group, with equal ratio among both genders, they can also affect extremes of age. The exact incidence is unknown, likely because many patients with acute fissures do not seek medical advice, and improve without treatment. However, it has been suggested that the lifetime incidence is 11%. […] Fissures are usually single, and lie in the posterior midline in 80% to 90% of cases. Anterior midline AFs are most commonly found in women. About 3% to 10% of AFs occur in the postpartum period, and these are often in the anterior midline.

• #38 Anal Fissure and Stenosis | Abdominal Key

  https://abdominalkey.com/anal-fissure-and-stenosis/

  Primary AFs are idiopathic, usually anterior or posterior, and are not caused by underlying disease. Secondary fissures often occur in the lateral positions and are associated with other disease processes. Multiple fissures should raise suspicion of other causes such as inflammatory bowel disease (mainly Crohn disease), human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis, tuberculosis, cancer, or leukemia. Alternatively, fissures refractory to treatment should prompt examination under anesthesia and biopsy to rule out malignancy. […] Primary fissures tend to occur more commonly in young age groups of both genders. Those fissures occurring in persons older than 65 years are more likely to be a secondary, so testing to rule out inciting pathology should be performed. AFs are arbitrarily classified as acute AF (AAF) and chronic AF (CAF) based on the duration of the disease process, with the cutoff being 6 weeks of persistent symptoms.

• #39 Comparing closed versus open lateral internal sphincterotomy for management of chronic anal fissure: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised control trials | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-48286-z

  Chronic anal fissure is one of the most common benign anorectal health conditions, causing significant morbidity, quality of life, and economic loss. […] Evidence on epidemiological distribution has scared, but a population-based cohort in the United States reported that approximately 342,000 new anal fissure cases are diagnosed each year. […] Anal fissure has an estimated average lifetime risk of 7.8%-112,3. […] Approximately 90% of anal fissures are found in the posterior midline, 825% in the anterior midline, and 3% in the posterior and anterior positions of the anal canal. […] The posterior chronic anal fissure was accounted 86.1% (95% CI 81.590.8%, I2=76.3%, p=0.001). […] A low rate of recurrent anal fissure is one solid indicator to choose a specific type of intervention for chronic anal fissure.

• #40

  https://kjms.com.pk/index.php/kjms/article/view/367

  Anal fissures epidemiology, proportion of anterior and posterior location, gender based difference in location, risk factors and its association with anal fissure location. […] Of total anal fissures patients, 84% had posterior anal fissures and 16% had anterior anal fissures. […] Anal fissures commonly occur in posterior midline location equally in both genders and risk factors does not significantly affect the location of the anal fissure. […] Anal fissures badly affect quality of life and SF-12 may be used as an assessment tool to quantify quality of life in these patients.

• #41 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures – ProQuest

  https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/epidemiology-treatment-anal-fissures-population/docview/1548367269/se-2

  Anal fissure (AF) is regarded as a common problem, but there are no published epidemiologic data, nor information on current treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence, associated comorbidities, and treatment of AF in a population-based cohort. […] There were 1,243 AF cases, including 721 (58%) females and 522 (42%) males; 150 (12%) of the cases occurred in children aged 6-17 years. The overall annual incidence was 0.11% (1.1 cases per 1000 person-years), but ranged widely by age [0.05% in patients 6-17 years to 0.18% in patients 25-34 years]. The incidence also varied by sex, and was significantly higher among females 12-24 years, and among males 55-64 years (P 0.001). […] AF is a common clinical problem, and the incidence varies substantially by age and sex. Constipation, obesity, and hypothyroidism are associated comorbidities. Most patients are prescribed topical treatments, although it appears that many prescriptions are never filled. Surgical interventions for AF including botulinum toxin and lateral internal sphincterotomy are uncommon.

• #42

  https://step2.medbullets.com/gastrointestinal/120197/anal-fissure

  Epidemiology […] Demographics […] equal in males and females […] younger and middle-aged […] Risk factors […] low fiber diet […] constipation […] chronic diarrhea […] prior anal surgery […] hypertonicity of the internal anal sphincter

• #43 Identifying the best therapy for chronic anal fissure

  https://www.wjgnet.com/2150-5349/full/v2/i2/9.htm

  Chronic anal fissure (CAF) is a painful tear or crack which occurs in the anoderm. […] There is a deficit in epidemiological studies examining this often encountered disease. 235 000 new cases of anal fissure are reported every year in the US and about 40% of them persist for months and even years. […] The exact etiology of AF is unknown but trauma caused by (especially hard) faecal mass and hypertonicity of the internal sphincter are thought to be the initiating factors. […] For this reason, AF may be a consequence of bariatric procedure in obese people. […] The literature identifies that lifestyle-related factors such as diet, bowel habit and employment play an important role in the etiology of anal fissure. […] The most common location for primary AF (where there is no obvious trigger) is the posterior anal midline.

• #44 Prevalence of Fissure-in-Ano among the Patients of Anorectal Complaints Visiting Nium Hospital | OMICS International

  https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/prevalence-of-fissureinano-among-the-patients-of-anorectal-complaints-visiting-nium-hospital-2376-0214-1000344.php?aid=51671

  Anal fissure is one of the most painful conditions among the anorectal disorders. […] In terms of prevalence it ranks third after chronic constipation and haemorrhoids but exact data on its prevalence is rare. […] The present study revealed that out of 416 subjects, 65 (15.62%) were found to be suffering from anal fissure. […] Constipation, low fibre diet and less physical activities are found to be significantly associated with anal fissures. […] Present study reveals that anal fissure is a common anorectal condition. […] Exact aetiology is still unknown but some factors like constipation, low fibre diet and less physical activities are found to be significantly associated with this condition. […] In terms of prevalence, it ranks third after chronic constipation and haemorrhoids, but exact data on its epidemiology is rare.

• #45

  https://step2.medbullets.com/gastrointestinal/120197/anal-fissure

  Epidemiology […] Demographics […] equal in males and females […] younger and middle-aged […] Risk factors […] low fiber diet […] constipation […] chronic diarrhea […] prior anal surgery […] hypertonicity of the internal anal sphincter

• #46 Prevalence of Fissure-in-Ano among the Patients of Anorectal Complaints Visiting Nium Hospital | OMICS International

  https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/prevalence-of-fissureinano-among-the-patients-of-anorectal-complaints-visiting-nium-hospital-2376-0214-1000344.php?aid=51671

  Anal fissure is one of the most painful conditions among the anorectal disorders. […] In terms of prevalence it ranks third after chronic constipation and haemorrhoids but exact data on its prevalence is rare. […] The present study revealed that out of 416 subjects, 65 (15.62%) were found to be suffering from anal fissure. […] Constipation, low fibre diet and less physical activities are found to be significantly associated with anal fissures. […] Present study reveals that anal fissure is a common anorectal condition. […] Exact aetiology is still unknown but some factors like constipation, low fibre diet and less physical activities are found to be significantly associated with this condition. […] In terms of prevalence, it ranks third after chronic constipation and haemorrhoids, but exact data on its epidemiology is rare.

• #47

  https://journals.lww.com/jism/fulltext/2019/07010/incidence_of_fissure_in_ano_among_night_duty.3.aspx

  Anal fissure is commonly seen in today’s era. The incidence of fissure is 10% of the total cases attending proctology clinics. […] The study revealed that 8.68% is the incidence of fissure-in-ano in night duty workers, which is found to be significant. […] The incidence of fissure is 10% of all the total cases attending proctology clinics. […] The incidence of fissure-in-ano among night duty workers was found to be significant.

• #48

  https://scite.ai/reports/the-epidemiology-and-treatment-of-O5bnlP

  Anal fissure (AF) is regarded as a common problem, but there are no published epidemiologic data, nor information on current treatment. […] In terms of prevalence, it ranks third after chronic constipation and haemorrhoids, but exact data on its epidemiology is rare. […] Mapel et al observed in their study 'The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures in a population-based cohort’ that there is a significant association between anal fissures and obesity. […] By themselves fissures are rarely serious but if left untreated they can be extremely troublesome and may result in the development of ulcer, fistula and rectal polyps.

• #49 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures – ProQuest

  https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/epidemiology-treatment-anal-fissures-population/docview/1548367269/se-2

  Anal fissure (AF) is regarded as a common problem, but there are no published epidemiologic data, nor information on current treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence, associated comorbidities, and treatment of AF in a population-based cohort. […] There were 1,243 AF cases, including 721 (58%) females and 522 (42%) males; 150 (12%) of the cases occurred in children aged 6-17 years. The overall annual incidence was 0.11% (1.1 cases per 1000 person-years), but ranged widely by age [0.05% in patients 6-17 years to 0.18% in patients 25-34 years]. The incidence also varied by sex, and was significantly higher among females 12-24 years, and among males 55-64 years (P 0.001). […] AF is a common clinical problem, and the incidence varies substantially by age and sex. Constipation, obesity, and hypothyroidism are associated comorbidities. Most patients are prescribed topical treatments, although it appears that many prescriptions are never filled. Surgical interventions for AF including botulinum toxin and lateral internal sphincterotomy are uncommon.

• #50 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures – ProQuest

  https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/epidemiology-treatment-anal-fissures-population/docview/1548367269/se-2

  Anal fissure (AF) is regarded as a common problem, but there are no published epidemiologic data, nor information on current treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence, associated comorbidities, and treatment of AF in a population-based cohort. […] There were 1,243 AF cases, including 721 (58%) females and 522 (42%) males; 150 (12%) of the cases occurred in children aged 6-17 years. The overall annual incidence was 0.11% (1.1 cases per 1000 person-years), but ranged widely by age [0.05% in patients 6-17 years to 0.18% in patients 25-34 years]. The incidence also varied by sex, and was significantly higher among females 12-24 years, and among males 55-64 years (P 0.001). […] AF is a common clinical problem, and the incidence varies substantially by age and sex. Constipation, obesity, and hypothyroidism are associated comorbidities. Most patients are prescribed topical treatments, although it appears that many prescriptions are never filled. Surgical interventions for AF including botulinum toxin and lateral internal sphincterotomy are uncommon.

• #51 Fissure-In-ANO | IntechOpen

  https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/61753

  An annual incidence of 1.1 per 1000 person-years is reported, equivalent to an average lifetime risk of 7.8%. There are approximately 342,000 new cases diagnosed in the United States of America annually, a figure similar to appendectomies performed, but study estimates vary widely. […] One retrospective population-based study found that anal fissures most commonly affected females aged 12-24 years and males 55-64 years of age. Risk factors included chronic constipation, obesity, hypothyroidism, and solid tumours.

• #52 Anal fissure epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Anal_fissure_epidemiology_and_demographics

  The incidence of anal fissure is approximately 1100 (700-1700) per 100,000 individuals in US which is about 7.8% lifetime risk. The incidence in patients with Crohn’s disease is approximately 30-50%. […] Each year 235,0000 new cases are reported for anal fissure. […] Anal fissure commonly affects women in adolescence and child bearing age group. Anal fissure commonly affects men in the middle age group. […] Females are more commonly affected by anal fissure than males. Females have higher incidence of 1140 cases per 100,000 as compared to males who have 1070 per 100,000.

• #53 Secondary Anal Fissures | Abdominal Key

  https://abdominalkey.com/secondary-anal-fissures/

  Only few, mostly older publications on anorectal complications of Colitis ulcerosa (ulcerative colitis, UC) can be found in medical literature. […] Prevalence Figures on the epidemiology of fissures in the general population are not available. The prevalence rate of fissures in proctological patients is estimated to range from 6.4 to 13.8%, so that the abovementioned figures definitely lie within the normal spectrum (cf. Chap. 5 Epidemiology). […] Dombal et al. (1966) found in 17.6% of 465 ulcerative colitis patients (19521963) one or more anorectal complications, of which anal fissure was the most common disorder in 12.3% of the cases. […] On average, 85% of Crohns disease patients exhibit anorectal lesions and 51% develop anal fissures.

• #54 Anal Fissure Patients: Before Treatment, First Consider Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Defecation Disorder and Psychopathology – Turkish Journal of Colorectal Disease

  https://www.turkishjcrd.com/articles/anal-fissure-patients-before-treatment-first-consider-irritable-bowel-syndrome-defecation-disorder-and-psychopathology/doi/tjcd.galenos.2022.2022-1-2

  IBS, FC and defecation disorder are frequent comorbidities in patients with AF. […] The present study showed that almost half of the patients with AF also had IBS and approximately two-thirds had a defecation disorder, characterized by obstructive defecation symptoms. […] Most surgeons and published expert opinions describe AF as common, but there is scarce published epidemiologic data and the causative factors for AF are poorly understood. […] Although worldwide prevalence of IBS is 10-15%, there is no epidemiologic data about the prevalance of IBS in AF. […] The most common location of primary AF is posterior midline (90%). However, we found that the presence of IBS was associated with a more frequent anterior fissure location in this study. […] Approximately 40% of patients who present with acute AF progress to chronic AF.

• #55 Anal Fissure Patients: Before Treatment, First Consider Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Defecation Disorder and Psychopathology – Turkish Journal of Colorectal Disease

  https://www.turkishjcrd.com/articles/anal-fissure-patients-before-treatment-first-consider-irritable-bowel-syndrome-defecation-disorder-and-psychopathology/doi/tjcd.galenos.2022.2022-1-2

  IBS, FC and defecation disorder are frequent comorbidities in patients with AF. […] The present study showed that almost half of the patients with AF also had IBS and approximately two-thirds had a defecation disorder, characterized by obstructive defecation symptoms. […] Most surgeons and published expert opinions describe AF as common, but there is scarce published epidemiologic data and the causative factors for AF are poorly understood. […] Although worldwide prevalence of IBS is 10-15%, there is no epidemiologic data about the prevalance of IBS in AF. […] The most common location of primary AF is posterior midline (90%). However, we found that the presence of IBS was associated with a more frequent anterior fissure location in this study. […] Approximately 40% of patients who present with acute AF progress to chronic AF.

• #56 Anal Fissure Patients: Before Treatment, First Consider Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Defecation Disorder and Psychopathology – Turkish Journal of Colorectal Disease

  https://www.turkishjcrd.com/articles/anal-fissure-patients-before-treatment-first-consider-irritable-bowel-syndrome-defecation-disorder-and-psychopathology/doi/tjcd.galenos.2022.2022-1-2

  Defecation disorder may also play a role in patients with AF or hemorrhoids. […] In the present study, more than half of the AF patients had a defecation disorder characterized by obstructed defecation symptoms. […] Our findings suggest that assessment of IBS symptoms and obstructed defecation symptoms may be an important part of the evaluation of AF.

• #57 Epidemiological and clinical profile of primary anal fissures in the hospital of Sikasso

  https://www.clinical-medicine.panafrican-med-journal.com/content/article/10/6/full/

  Anal fissure is a superficial attack of the anal canal between the skin-mucosa junction, located preferentially at the anal commissure. The objective of this study is to highlight the epidemiological and clinical profile of primary anal fissures in the hospital of Sikasso. This was a cross-sectional study that took place from February 2018 to January 2020 and included patients admitted to the hospital of Sikasso for primary anal fissure. A total of 71 patients were collected during the study period. The mean age of our patients was 42.12 years (extremes 20 and 60 years) and a male/female sex ratio of 1.95. The first epidemiological study on anal fissures was carried out in New Mexico using diagnostic coding. It estimated the annual incidence of anal fissures in the general population at 0.11%. The authors of this study estimated that the lifetime risk of suffering from anal fissure is 7.8%. The literature reports that the prevalence of this pathology is higher in pregnant women, with 1.2% of anal fissures during the last trimester of pregnancy and 15.2% during the immediate postpartum period. In Bangui, Central African Republic, a study conducted on anorectal pathologies found that anal fissure represented 4.48% of lesions observed. Another study carried out in Dakar on the same theme, after analysis of 2061 proctological examinations, reported 12.37% of cases of anal fissure. In Mali, very few studies on primary anal fissures have been conducted. The present work describes the epidemiological and clinical profile of primary anal fissures followed at the proctology unit of the hospital of Sikasso. […] Primary anal fissure is a common proctological pathology in Sikasso. Surgery remains the most effective, curative and definitive treatment, even if medical treatment associated with hygienic and dietary measures plays a major role in healing.

• #58 Epidemiological and clinical profile of primary anal fissures in the hospital of Sikasso

  https://www.clinical-medicine.panafrican-med-journal.com/content/article/10/6/full/

  Anal fissure is a superficial attack of the anal canal between the skin-mucosa junction, located preferentially at the anal commissure. The objective of this study is to highlight the epidemiological and clinical profile of primary anal fissures in the hospital of Sikasso. This was a cross-sectional study that took place from February 2018 to January 2020 and included patients admitted to the hospital of Sikasso for primary anal fissure. A total of 71 patients were collected during the study period. The mean age of our patients was 42.12 years (extremes 20 and 60 years) and a male/female sex ratio of 1.95. The first epidemiological study on anal fissures was carried out in New Mexico using diagnostic coding. It estimated the annual incidence of anal fissures in the general population at 0.11%. The authors of this study estimated that the lifetime risk of suffering from anal fissure is 7.8%. The literature reports that the prevalence of this pathology is higher in pregnant women, with 1.2% of anal fissures during the last trimester of pregnancy and 15.2% during the immediate postpartum period. In Bangui, Central African Republic, a study conducted on anorectal pathologies found that anal fissure represented 4.48% of lesions observed. Another study carried out in Dakar on the same theme, after analysis of 2061 proctological examinations, reported 12.37% of cases of anal fissure. In Mali, very few studies on primary anal fissures have been conducted. The present work describes the epidemiological and clinical profile of primary anal fissures followed at the proctology unit of the hospital of Sikasso. […] Primary anal fissure is a common proctological pathology in Sikasso. Surgery remains the most effective, curative and definitive treatment, even if medical treatment associated with hygienic and dietary measures plays a major role in healing.

• #59

  https://jsogp.net/index.php/jsogp/article/view/789

  Anal fissures are a common and painful condition characterized by a tear in the lining of the anus. Despite their prevalence, there is limited epidemiological data on anal fissures in women of reproductive age. […] The prevalence of anal fissure among the study population was found to be 15%. […] Anal fissures were prevalent in 15% of women of reproductive age in this study. Chronic constipation and childbirth-related trauma were significant risk factors. These findings underscore the need for targeted preventive measures, such as promoting dietary modifications and managing constipation, to reduce the incidence of anal fissures in this population.

• #60 Anal Fissure and Stenosis | Abdominal Key

  https://abdominalkey.com/anal-fissure-and-stenosis/

  Primary AFs are idiopathic, usually anterior or posterior, and are not caused by underlying disease. Secondary fissures often occur in the lateral positions and are associated with other disease processes. Multiple fissures should raise suspicion of other causes such as inflammatory bowel disease (mainly Crohn disease), human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis, tuberculosis, cancer, or leukemia. Alternatively, fissures refractory to treatment should prompt examination under anesthesia and biopsy to rule out malignancy. […] Primary fissures tend to occur more commonly in young age groups of both genders. Those fissures occurring in persons older than 65 years are more likely to be a secondary, so testing to rule out inciting pathology should be performed. AFs are arbitrarily classified as acute AF (AAF) and chronic AF (CAF) based on the duration of the disease process, with the cutoff being 6 weeks of persistent symptoms.

• #61 Anal Fissure: What It Is, Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13177-anal-fissures

  Anal fissures are very common, especially in infants and pregnant women. About half of people with anal fissures get them before they turn 40. […] Many anal fissures heal by themselves in a few weeks, but complications can develop when they don’t. These are called chronic anal fissures. […] If anal fissures go on too long without healing, they can lead to further complications, such as fecal impaction, anal stenosis (narrowing of the anal canal that can make it harder to poop), and anal fistula. […] Most anal fissures heal within a few days to weeks. A chronic anal fissure lasts more than eight weeks. […] If your anal fissure won’t heal with medication, or it comes back after healing, you might need a minor medical procedure to end the cycle. Medications have mixed results for chronic anal fissures, but surgery, if it comes to it, has a 90% success rate.

• #62 Anal Fissure: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment | Doctor

  https://patient.info/doctor/anal-fissure-pro

  Anal fissure is known to be a common condition. There are no recent prevalence figures but it is believed to have a lifetime incidence of around 11%. […] It can occur at any age, including children. However, it is most common between the second and fourth decades. Primary anal fissures are less common in the elderly. […] Prevalence is equal between men and women. […] Acute fissures are more common than chronic fissures.

• #63 Anal Fissures | Treatment & Management | Point of Care

  https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/17508

  Anal fissures are present in any age group; however, they are mostly identified in the pediatric and middle-aged populations. Gender is equally affected, and approximately 250,000 new cases are diagnosed each year in the United States.[6] […] Approximately 40% of patients who present with acute anal fissures progress to chronic anal fissures.[4][5]

• #64 Anal Fissure Patients: Before Treatment, First Consider Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Defecation Disorder and Psychopathology – Turkish Journal of Colorectal Disease

  https://www.turkishjcrd.com/articles/anal-fissure-patients-before-treatment-first-consider-irritable-bowel-syndrome-defecation-disorder-and-psychopathology/doi/tjcd.galenos.2022.2022-1-2

  IBS, FC and defecation disorder are frequent comorbidities in patients with AF. […] The present study showed that almost half of the patients with AF also had IBS and approximately two-thirds had a defecation disorder, characterized by obstructive defecation symptoms. […] Most surgeons and published expert opinions describe AF as common, but there is scarce published epidemiologic data and the causative factors for AF are poorly understood. […] Although worldwide prevalence of IBS is 10-15%, there is no epidemiologic data about the prevalance of IBS in AF. […] The most common location of primary AF is posterior midline (90%). However, we found that the presence of IBS was associated with a more frequent anterior fissure location in this study. […] Approximately 40% of patients who present with acute AF progress to chronic AF.

• #65

  https://bpac.org.nz/BPJ/2013/April/anal-fissures.aspx

  Anal fissures are small tears in the epithelium of the anus that can be intensely painful. Most anal fissures are caused due to straining during bowel movements, constipation or repeated diarrhoea. They are equally common in both sexes, and most frequently affect people aged 15 40 years. […] Women giving birth are at increased risk of developing anal fissures due to pressure on the perineum. Spasm of the anal sphincter or local ischaemia can predispose people to, or worsen, anal fissures. […] Atypical anal fissures may develop in people with Crohn’s disease, sexually transmitted diseases (particularly HIV, syphilis and herpes simplex), anal cancer, local trauma (anal intercourse), tuberculosis or receiving chemotherapy. […] Spontaneous resolution occurs in one-third of people, usually within six weeks. Anal fissures that persist longer than this are considered chronic and should be managed more intensively.

• #66 Anal Fissure: What It Is, Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13177-anal-fissures

  Anal fissures are very common, especially in infants and pregnant women. About half of people with anal fissures get them before they turn 40. […] Many anal fissures heal by themselves in a few weeks, but complications can develop when they don’t. These are called chronic anal fissures. […] If anal fissures go on too long without healing, they can lead to further complications, such as fecal impaction, anal stenosis (narrowing of the anal canal that can make it harder to poop), and anal fistula. […] Most anal fissures heal within a few days to weeks. A chronic anal fissure lasts more than eight weeks. […] If your anal fissure won’t heal with medication, or it comes back after healing, you might need a minor medical procedure to end the cycle. Medications have mixed results for chronic anal fissures, but surgery, if it comes to it, has a 90% success rate.

• #67

  https://kjms.com.pk/index.php/kjms/article/view/367

  Anal fissures epidemiology, proportion of anterior and posterior location, gender based difference in location, risk factors and its association with anal fissure location. […] Of total anal fissures patients, 84% had posterior anal fissures and 16% had anterior anal fissures. […] Anal fissures commonly occur in posterior midline location equally in both genders and risk factors does not significantly affect the location of the anal fissure. […] Anal fissures badly affect quality of life and SF-12 may be used as an assessment tool to quantify quality of life in these patients.

• #68 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures in a population-based cohort | springermedizin.de

  https://www.springermedizin.de/the-epidemiology-and-treatment-of-anal-fissures-in-a-population-/9438218

  Anal fissure (AF) is regarded as a common problem, but there are no published epidemiologic data, nor information on current treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence, associated comorbidities, and treatment of AF in a population-based cohort. […] The overall annual incidence was 0.11% (1.1 cases per 1000 person-years), but ranged widely by age [0.05% in patients 617 years to 0.18% in patients 2534 years]. The incidence also varied by sex, and was significantly higher among females 1224 years, and among males 5564 years (P0.001). […] AF is a common clinical problem, and the incidence varies substantially by age and sex. […] Most patients are prescribed topical treatments, although it appears that many prescriptions are never filled. Surgical interventions for AF including botulinum toxin and lateral internal sphincterotomy are uncommon.

• #69 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures in a population-based cohort | springermedizin.de

  https://www.springermedizin.de/the-epidemiology-and-treatment-of-anal-fissures-in-a-population-/9438218

  Anal fissure (AF) is regarded as a common problem, but there are no published epidemiologic data, nor information on current treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence, associated comorbidities, and treatment of AF in a population-based cohort. […] The overall annual incidence was 0.11% (1.1 cases per 1000 person-years), but ranged widely by age [0.05% in patients 617 years to 0.18% in patients 2534 years]. The incidence also varied by sex, and was significantly higher among females 1224 years, and among males 5564 years (P0.001). […] AF is a common clinical problem, and the incidence varies substantially by age and sex. […] Most patients are prescribed topical treatments, although it appears that many prescriptions are never filled. Surgical interventions for AF including botulinum toxin and lateral internal sphincterotomy are uncommon.

• #70 Efficacy and safety of EHO-85-based hydrogel for anal fissure treatment: a pilot open-label clinical trial :: Cambridge Media Journals

  https://journals.cambridgemedia.com.au/jwm/volume-25-number-2/efficacy-and-safety-eho-85-based-hydrogel-anal-fissure-treatment-pilot-open-label-clinical-trial/10.35279/jowm2024.25.02.05

  Background Anal fissure (AF) is the most common cause of severe anorectal pain in adults, with an overall annual incidence of 0.1%. […] The overall annual incidence of AFs is 0.1%, with a similar frequency in both sexes, and it is estimated that around 10% of new patients referred to coloproctology clinics have CAFs. […] The initial approach to treat AFs, known as the conservative treatment, is based on the hypothesis of constipation, thus sitz baths and fiber supplementation are the core therapy, which can be complemented with topical steroids or topical anesthetics. […] It is reasonable to seek new non-invasive therapies with good tolerance that could be used as a supportive first-step approach to help overcome acute episodes of AFs, to reduce the need for pharmacological and surgical alternatives.

• #71

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10151-011-0683-7

  Anal fissure is one of the most common and painful proctologic diseases. […] Primary anal fissures are most frequent in young adults of both sexes. […] In Italy anal fissures represent the second most common cause of a proctology specialist visit after hemorrhoidal pathology. […] In England, in the period 2005-2006, the incidence of hospitalization for anal fissure was calculated to be 1.56 per 10,000 inhabitants. […] According to the data of the 2009 Annual Report prepared by the SICCR (Italian Society of Colorectal Surgery), in 2009, a total of 5,199 patients were observed for anal fissure at Italian coloproctology centers, 1924 (37%) of whom underwent surgery. […] Data are not available on its prevalence in the general population. The lifetime incidence is calculated to be 11%.

• #72 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures in a population-based cohort | springermedizin.de

  https://www.springermedizin.de/the-epidemiology-and-treatment-of-anal-fissures-in-a-population-/9438218

  Anal fissure (AF) is regarded as a common problem, but there are no published epidemiologic data, nor information on current treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence, associated comorbidities, and treatment of AF in a population-based cohort. […] The overall annual incidence was 0.11% (1.1 cases per 1000 person-years), but ranged widely by age [0.05% in patients 617 years to 0.18% in patients 2534 years]. The incidence also varied by sex, and was significantly higher among females 1224 years, and among males 5564 years (P0.001). […] AF is a common clinical problem, and the incidence varies substantially by age and sex. […] Most patients are prescribed topical treatments, although it appears that many prescriptions are never filled. Surgical interventions for AF including botulinum toxin and lateral internal sphincterotomy are uncommon.

• #73

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10151-011-0683-7

  Anal fissure is one of the most common and painful proctologic diseases. […] Primary anal fissures are most frequent in young adults of both sexes. […] In Italy anal fissures represent the second most common cause of a proctology specialist visit after hemorrhoidal pathology. […] In England, in the period 2005-2006, the incidence of hospitalization for anal fissure was calculated to be 1.56 per 10,000 inhabitants. […] According to the data of the 2009 Annual Report prepared by the SICCR (Italian Society of Colorectal Surgery), in 2009, a total of 5,199 patients were observed for anal fissure at Italian coloproctology centers, 1924 (37%) of whom underwent surgery. […] Data are not available on its prevalence in the general population. The lifetime incidence is calculated to be 11%.

• #74 Benign Anorectal Conditions: Evaluation and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2020/0101/p24.html

  Anal fissures typically present with pain and/or bleeding after defecation. Examination will show a tear of the anal mucosa from the dentate line to the anal verge, most commonly in the posterior midline. Chronic anal fissures (lasting more than eight weeks) manifest findings such as a hypertrophied anal papilla, a sentinel tag, or exposed sphincter muscle, in addition to the fissure itself. […] Failure of medical management after eight to 12 weeks is an indication for surgery. Although no surgery is clearly superior, closed lateral internal sphincterotomy is associated with a 90% to 98% chance of fissure healing and requires less recovery time than other techniques. […] In addition to measures aimed at softening the stool, chronic anal fissures should be treated with topical nitroglycerin 0.4% ointment, topical calcium channel blockers, or onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox) injections. […] Manual anal stretching is not an effective treatment for anal fissures.

• #75 Comparing closed versus open lateral internal sphincterotomy for management of chronic anal fissure: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised control trials | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-48286-z

  We found that overall recurrence rate of fissure was 3.7% after LIS (2.3% in closed and 1.4% in open). […] Evidence on the efficacy of closed and open LIS in the prevention of recurrent anal fissure has been scarred. […] This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial studies found that closed LIS had approximately two-fold increased risk of developing recurrent anal fissures when compared to open LIS, but this was not statistically significant.

• #76 Europe Anal Fissure Market and Competitive Landscape Report 2021: Pipeline, Epidemiology, Valuations, Drug Sales, Forecast, Drug Forecasts, and Shares 2018-2026 – ResearchAndMarkets.com

  https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20211026006089/en/Europe-Anal-Fissure-Market-and-Competitive-Landscape-Report-2021-Pipeline-Epidemiology-Valuations-Drug-Sales-Forecast-Drug-Forecasts-and-Shares-2018-2026—ResearchAndMarkets.com

  Europe Anal Fissure Market and Competitive Landscape – 2021, provides comprehensive insights into Anal Fissure pipeline, epidemiology, market valuations, drug sales, market forecast, drug forecasts, and market shares. […] This research covers the following – Anal Fissure treatment options, Anal Fissure late-stage clinical trials pipeline, Anal Fissure prevalence by countries, Anal Fissure market size and forecast by countries, key market events and trends, drug sales and forecast by countries, and market shares by countries. […] Anal Fissure epidemiology: Find out the number of patients diagnosed (prevalence) with Anal Fissure by countries.

• #77

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10151-011-0683-7

  Anal fissure is one of the most common and painful proctologic diseases. […] Primary anal fissures are most frequent in young adults of both sexes. […] In Italy anal fissures represent the second most common cause of a proctology specialist visit after hemorrhoidal pathology. […] In England, in the period 2005-2006, the incidence of hospitalization for anal fissure was calculated to be 1.56 per 10,000 inhabitants. […] According to the data of the 2009 Annual Report prepared by the SICCR (Italian Society of Colorectal Surgery), in 2009, a total of 5,199 patients were observed for anal fissure at Italian coloproctology centers, 1924 (37%) of whom underwent surgery. […] Data are not available on its prevalence in the general population. The lifetime incidence is calculated to be 11%.

• #78

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13304-024-01882-8

  Few data are available on AFs epidemiology: a population-based study conducted in 2014 by Mapel and colleagues in the United States found an overall incidence of AF of 1.1 per 1000 person-years, which translated into an average lifetime risk of 7.8%. […] AF is a common condition that causes significant complications in a young and otherwise healthy population, as peak incidence occurs between 15 and 40 years of age. […] AFs are the second most common cause after hemorrhoids for proctology visits in Italy. […] Results show that general practitioners are used to manage AF. However, there is still a gap between guidelines recommendations and actual management. […] The present study provides important insights on patients with anal fissure managed in primary care. Results showed that general practitioners are used to deal with this common anal pathology; however, there is still a gap between recommendations provided by guidelines and the actual management of anal fissure in primary care, which might represent room for improvements.

• #79 Epidemiological and clinical profile of primary anal fissures in the hospital of Sikasso

  https://www.clinical-medicine.panafrican-med-journal.com/content/article/10/6/full/

  Anal fissure is a superficial attack of the anal canal between the skin-mucosa junction, located preferentially at the anal commissure. The objective of this study is to highlight the epidemiological and clinical profile of primary anal fissures in the hospital of Sikasso. This was a cross-sectional study that took place from February 2018 to January 2020 and included patients admitted to the hospital of Sikasso for primary anal fissure. A total of 71 patients were collected during the study period. The mean age of our patients was 42.12 years (extremes 20 and 60 years) and a male/female sex ratio of 1.95. The first epidemiological study on anal fissures was carried out in New Mexico using diagnostic coding. It estimated the annual incidence of anal fissures in the general population at 0.11%. The authors of this study estimated that the lifetime risk of suffering from anal fissure is 7.8%. The literature reports that the prevalence of this pathology is higher in pregnant women, with 1.2% of anal fissures during the last trimester of pregnancy and 15.2% during the immediate postpartum period. In Bangui, Central African Republic, a study conducted on anorectal pathologies found that anal fissure represented 4.48% of lesions observed. Another study carried out in Dakar on the same theme, after analysis of 2061 proctological examinations, reported 12.37% of cases of anal fissure. In Mali, very few studies on primary anal fissures have been conducted. The present work describes the epidemiological and clinical profile of primary anal fissures followed at the proctology unit of the hospital of Sikasso. […] Primary anal fissure is a common proctological pathology in Sikasso. Surgery remains the most effective, curative and definitive treatment, even if medical treatment associated with hygienic and dietary measures plays a major role in healing.

• #80 Epidemiological and clinical profile of primary anal fissures in the hospital of Sikasso

  https://www.clinical-medicine.panafrican-med-journal.com/content/article/10/6/full/

  Anal fissure is a superficial attack of the anal canal between the skin-mucosa junction, located preferentially at the anal commissure. The objective of this study is to highlight the epidemiological and clinical profile of primary anal fissures in the hospital of Sikasso. This was a cross-sectional study that took place from February 2018 to January 2020 and included patients admitted to the hospital of Sikasso for primary anal fissure. A total of 71 patients were collected during the study period. The mean age of our patients was 42.12 years (extremes 20 and 60 years) and a male/female sex ratio of 1.95. The first epidemiological study on anal fissures was carried out in New Mexico using diagnostic coding. It estimated the annual incidence of anal fissures in the general population at 0.11%. The authors of this study estimated that the lifetime risk of suffering from anal fissure is 7.8%. The literature reports that the prevalence of this pathology is higher in pregnant women, with 1.2% of anal fissures during the last trimester of pregnancy and 15.2% during the immediate postpartum period. In Bangui, Central African Republic, a study conducted on anorectal pathologies found that anal fissure represented 4.48% of lesions observed. Another study carried out in Dakar on the same theme, after analysis of 2061 proctological examinations, reported 12.37% of cases of anal fissure. In Mali, very few studies on primary anal fissures have been conducted. The present work describes the epidemiological and clinical profile of primary anal fissures followed at the proctology unit of the hospital of Sikasso. […] Primary anal fissure is a common proctological pathology in Sikasso. Surgery remains the most effective, curative and definitive treatment, even if medical treatment associated with hygienic and dietary measures plays a major role in healing.

• #81 Epidemiological and clinical profile of primary anal fissures in the hospital of Sikasso

  https://www.clinical-medicine.panafrican-med-journal.com/content/article/10/6/full/

  Anal fissure is a superficial attack of the anal canal between the skin-mucosa junction, located preferentially at the anal commissure. The objective of this study is to highlight the epidemiological and clinical profile of primary anal fissures in the hospital of Sikasso. This was a cross-sectional study that took place from February 2018 to January 2020 and included patients admitted to the hospital of Sikasso for primary anal fissure. A total of 71 patients were collected during the study period. The mean age of our patients was 42.12 years (extremes 20 and 60 years) and a male/female sex ratio of 1.95. The first epidemiological study on anal fissures was carried out in New Mexico using diagnostic coding. It estimated the annual incidence of anal fissures in the general population at 0.11%. The authors of this study estimated that the lifetime risk of suffering from anal fissure is 7.8%. The literature reports that the prevalence of this pathology is higher in pregnant women, with 1.2% of anal fissures during the last trimester of pregnancy and 15.2% during the immediate postpartum period. In Bangui, Central African Republic, a study conducted on anorectal pathologies found that anal fissure represented 4.48% of lesions observed. Another study carried out in Dakar on the same theme, after analysis of 2061 proctological examinations, reported 12.37% of cases of anal fissure. In Mali, very few studies on primary anal fissures have been conducted. The present work describes the epidemiological and clinical profile of primary anal fissures followed at the proctology unit of the hospital of Sikasso. […] Primary anal fissure is a common proctological pathology in Sikasso. Surgery remains the most effective, curative and definitive treatment, even if medical treatment associated with hygienic and dietary measures plays a major role in healing.

• #82

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13304-024-01882-8

  Few data are available on AFs epidemiology: a population-based study conducted in 2014 by Mapel and colleagues in the United States found an overall incidence of AF of 1.1 per 1000 person-years, which translated into an average lifetime risk of 7.8%. […] AF is a common condition that causes significant complications in a young and otherwise healthy population, as peak incidence occurs between 15 and 40 years of age. […] AFs are the second most common cause after hemorrhoids for proctology visits in Italy. […] Results show that general practitioners are used to manage AF. However, there is still a gap between guidelines recommendations and actual management. […] The present study provides important insights on patients with anal fissure managed in primary care. Results showed that general practitioners are used to deal with this common anal pathology; however, there is still a gap between recommendations provided by guidelines and the actual management of anal fissure in primary care, which might represent room for improvements.

• #83 Anal Fissures: A Real Pain

  https://www.pharmacytimes.com/view/anal-fissures-a-real-pain

  Patients with anal fissures frequently seek care for pain. […] However, researchers have been unable to estimate the true incidence of anal fissures. […] Anal fissures are most likely to occur around 40 years of age, with men and women equally affected. Anal fissures occur only rarely in patients older than 65 years. […] Patients who experience one anal fissure are at increased risk of developing future episodes. […] Cost is a serious consideration for CAF patients and their insurers. A meta-analysis examined costs associated with rational progression of interventions.

• #84 Anal Fissures: A Real Pain

  https://www.pharmacytimes.com/view/anal-fissures-a-real-pain

  Patients with anal fissures frequently seek care for pain. […] However, researchers have been unable to estimate the true incidence of anal fissures. […] Anal fissures are most likely to occur around 40 years of age, with men and women equally affected. Anal fissures occur only rarely in patients older than 65 years. […] Patients who experience one anal fissure are at increased risk of developing future episodes. […] Cost is a serious consideration for CAF patients and their insurers. A meta-analysis examined costs associated with rational progression of interventions.

• #85

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13304-024-01882-8

  Few data are available on AFs epidemiology: a population-based study conducted in 2014 by Mapel and colleagues in the United States found an overall incidence of AF of 1.1 per 1000 person-years, which translated into an average lifetime risk of 7.8%. […] AF is a common condition that causes significant complications in a young and otherwise healthy population, as peak incidence occurs between 15 and 40 years of age. […] AFs are the second most common cause after hemorrhoids for proctology visits in Italy. […] Results show that general practitioners are used to manage AF. However, there is still a gap between guidelines recommendations and actual management. […] The present study provides important insights on patients with anal fissure managed in primary care. Results showed that general practitioners are used to deal with this common anal pathology; however, there is still a gap between recommendations provided by guidelines and the actual management of anal fissure in primary care, which might represent room for improvements.

• #86

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13304-024-01882-8

  Few data are available on AFs epidemiology: a population-based study conducted in 2014 by Mapel and colleagues in the United States found an overall incidence of AF of 1.1 per 1000 person-years, which translated into an average lifetime risk of 7.8%. […] AF is a common condition that causes significant complications in a young and otherwise healthy population, as peak incidence occurs between 15 and 40 years of age. […] AFs are the second most common cause after hemorrhoids for proctology visits in Italy. […] Results show that general practitioners are used to manage AF. However, there is still a gap between guidelines recommendations and actual management. […] The present study provides important insights on patients with anal fissure managed in primary care. Results showed that general practitioners are used to deal with this common anal pathology; however, there is still a gap between recommendations provided by guidelines and the actual management of anal fissure in primary care, which might represent room for improvements.

• #87

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13304-024-01882-8

  Few data are available on AFs epidemiology: a population-based study conducted in 2014 by Mapel and colleagues in the United States found an overall incidence of AF of 1.1 per 1000 person-years, which translated into an average lifetime risk of 7.8%. […] AF is a common condition that causes significant complications in a young and otherwise healthy population, as peak incidence occurs between 15 and 40 years of age. […] AFs are the second most common cause after hemorrhoids for proctology visits in Italy. […] Results show that general practitioners are used to manage AF. However, there is still a gap between guidelines recommendations and actual management. […] The present study provides important insights on patients with anal fissure managed in primary care. Results showed that general practitioners are used to deal with this common anal pathology; however, there is still a gap between recommendations provided by guidelines and the actual management of anal fissure in primary care, which might represent room for improvements.

• #88 Identifying the best therapy for chronic anal fissure

  https://www.wjgnet.com/2150-5349/full/v2/i2/9.htm

  Despite this, secondary AF can demonstrate the typical localization of primary fissures. […] It is widely accepted that the reduction of anal pressure by LIS is associated with an improvement in anodermal perfusion; therefore, we conclude that this surgical procedure promotes anal fissure healing. […] The author is convinced that a greater understanding and recognition of benign anal disorders by the GP and a proactive involvement at the point of initial diagnosis would facilitate the consideration of CS at an early stage, with improved outcomes for the patient.

• #89 Efficacy and safety of EHO-85-based hydrogel for anal fissure treatment: a pilot open-label clinical trial :: Cambridge Media Journals

  https://journals.cambridgemedia.com.au/jwm/volume-25-number-2/efficacy-and-safety-eho-85-based-hydrogel-anal-fissure-treatment-pilot-open-label-clinical-trial/10.35279/jowm2024.25.02.05

  Background Anal fissure (AF) is the most common cause of severe anorectal pain in adults, with an overall annual incidence of 0.1%. […] The overall annual incidence of AFs is 0.1%, with a similar frequency in both sexes, and it is estimated that around 10% of new patients referred to coloproctology clinics have CAFs. […] The initial approach to treat AFs, known as the conservative treatment, is based on the hypothesis of constipation, thus sitz baths and fiber supplementation are the core therapy, which can be complemented with topical steroids or topical anesthetics. […] It is reasonable to seek new non-invasive therapies with good tolerance that could be used as a supportive first-step approach to help overcome acute episodes of AFs, to reduce the need for pharmacological and surgical alternatives.

• #90 Efficacy and safety of EHO-85-based hydrogel for anal fissure treatment: a pilot open-label clinical trial :: Cambridge Media Journals

  https://journals.cambridgemedia.com.au/jwm/volume-25-number-2/efficacy-and-safety-eho-85-based-hydrogel-anal-fissure-treatment-pilot-open-label-clinical-trial/10.35279/jowm2024.25.02.05

  The primary endpoint was the efficacy of EHO-85 vs CST which was evaluated by measuring the time to complete healing (defined as bleeding disappearance). […] The study was approved by the National Committee of Bioethics for Medicine and Medical Devices from Romania and by the Ethics Committee for Clinical Trials from the Republic of Bulgaria and performed according to the revised Declaration of Helsinki for biomedical research involving human subjects, the rules of Good Clinical Practice of the European Community CPMP (CPMP/ICH/135/195; ICH Topic E6) and of UNI EN ISO 14155:2012. […] The OELE-based hydrogel studied here showed efficacy and safety for the treatment of acute episodes of AFs and might therefore be considered as an alternative to current CST.

• #91 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures in a population-based cohort | BMC Gastroenterology | Full Text

  https://bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-230X-14-129

  General surgeons and colon rectal surgery specialists regard AF as a common problem in adults and children [3, 4], but data on the epidemiology of this disease are very rare [5]. […] Our analysis reveals some important details about the variation in AF incidence by age and sex. […] The overall incidence of 1.1 per 1000 person-years translates to an average life time risk of 7.8%, and thus AF is indeed a common problem. […] The variation in AF incidence by age and sex also tends to follow changes in constipation incidence by age and sex [26].

• #92

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10151-011-0683-7

  Anal fissure is one of the most common and painful proctologic diseases. […] Primary anal fissures are most frequent in young adults of both sexes. […] In Italy anal fissures represent the second most common cause of a proctology specialist visit after hemorrhoidal pathology. […] In England, in the period 2005-2006, the incidence of hospitalization for anal fissure was calculated to be 1.56 per 10,000 inhabitants. […] According to the data of the 2009 Annual Report prepared by the SICCR (Italian Society of Colorectal Surgery), in 2009, a total of 5,199 patients were observed for anal fissure at Italian coloproctology centers, 1924 (37%) of whom underwent surgery. […] Data are not available on its prevalence in the general population. The lifetime incidence is calculated to be 11%.

• #93 The epidemiology and treatment of anal fissures in a population-based cohort

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4109752/

  Anal fissure (AF) is regarded as a common problem, but there are no published epidemiologic data, nor information on current treatment. […] General surgeons and colon rectal surgery specialists regard AF as a common problem in adults and children, but data on the epidemiology of this disease are very rare. […] Most surgeons and published expert opinions describe AF as common, but systematically collected incidence data on AF are not available. Extrapolation of the incidence rates in this cohort to the 2010 US census population indicates that there are approximately 342,000 new AF cases diagnosed in the US each year. […] The overall incidence of 1.1 per 1000 person-years translates to an average life time risk of 7.8%, and thus AF is indeed a common problem. […] Our analysis reveals some important details about the variation in AF incidence by age and sex.

• #94 Europe Anal Fissure Market and Competitive Landscape Report 2021: Pipeline, Epidemiology, Valuations, Drug Sales, Forecast, Drug Forecasts, and Shares 2018-2026 – ResearchAndMarkets.com

  https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20211026006089/en/Europe-Anal-Fissure-Market-and-Competitive-Landscape-Report-2021-Pipeline-Epidemiology-Valuations-Drug-Sales-Forecast-Drug-Forecasts-and-Shares-2018-2026—ResearchAndMarkets.com

  Europe Anal Fissure Market and Competitive Landscape – 2021, provides comprehensive insights into Anal Fissure pipeline, epidemiology, market valuations, drug sales, market forecast, drug forecasts, and market shares. […] This research covers the following – Anal Fissure treatment options, Anal Fissure late-stage clinical trials pipeline, Anal Fissure prevalence by countries, Anal Fissure market size and forecast by countries, key market events and trends, drug sales and forecast by countries, and market shares by countries. […] Anal Fissure epidemiology: Find out the number of patients diagnosed (prevalence) with Anal Fissure by countries.

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