Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Broken ribs – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/broken-ribs/symptoms-causes/syc-20350763

  A broken rib occurs when one of the bones in the rib cage breaks or cracks. […] The most common causes are hard impacts from falls, car accidents or contact sports. […] Direct impact such as from a car accident, a fall, child abuse or contact sports is the most common cause of broken ribs. Ribs also can be broken by repeated impact from sports such as golf and rowing or from coughing hard and long.

• #2 Rib Fracture (Broken Rib): Symptoms, Healing Tips & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17434-rib-fracture-broken-rib

  Rib fractures are usually caused by car accidents, sports injuries or other traumas. […] Rib fractures can happen without a traumatic injury, too. These atraumatic (not caused by trauma) breaks are caused by cancers that have spread to your bones, severe coughs, or osteoporosis. […] Rib fractures are usually caused by something hitting your chest. Some of the most common causes include car accidents, falls, and sports injuries.

• #3 Broken or Bruised Ribs: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://patient.info/bones-joints-muscles/rib-injuries

  Broken or bruised ribs occur when there is a force to the chest such as from a fall, road accident or assault. The force from severe coughing, straining, or heavy sports can also cause rib injury. […] Complications can occur if internal organs are damaged by the sharp end of a broken rib. […] Rib injuries include bruising a rib or the muscles surrounding or between the ribs. They also include rib fractures- a break in one or more of the rib bones. […] Broken (fractured) or bruised ribs often heal in about six weeks. However, the recovery time may be longer, especially for displaced fractures (when the broken ends of the rib no longer line up with one another). […] Rib fractures or bruising often make it difficult to breathe deeply or cough properly due to pain. This can make it difficult to clear mucus in the chest, leading to chest infections. […] Rib injuries can occasionally be caused by coughing or straining. This is more likely if there is weakness of the ribs such as occurs with 'thinning of the bones’ (osteoporosis) or other disease in the bone.

• #4 Broken or bruised ribs

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/broken-or-bruised-ribs/

  Bruised or broken ribs can be very painful, but usually heal by themselves. […] Broken or bruised ribs are usually caused by a fall, a blow to the chest or severe coughing. […] Broken or bruised ribs usually get better by themselves within 2 to 6 weeks. […] You might need stronger painkillers or have a chest infection that needs antibiotics. […] It could mean a broken rib has damaged something else, like your lung, liver or spleen.

• #5 Rib Fractures from Car Crashes: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment – Ray Padilla Law

  https://raypadillalaw.com/rib-fractures-from-car-crashes-causes-symptoms-and-treatment/

  Rib fractures are a common injury resulting from car crashes. The force and impact during a collision can cause significant trauma to the chest area, leading to broken ribs. […] Rib fractures occur when the bones in the ribcage break or crack due to excessive force. In car crashes, several factors can contribute to this type of injury: […] Seatbelt Trauma: While seatbelts save lives, the force exerted by the belt during a sudden stop or collision can cause rib fractures. […] Steering Wheel Impact: Drivers often suffer rib fractures from hitting the steering wheel, especially if they are not wearing a seatbelt. […] Airbag Deployment: The rapid deployment of airbags can also cause rib fractures due to the forceful impact on the chest. […] Blunt Force Trauma: Collisions can result in direct blows to the chest from various parts of the car or from being thrown against the interior.

• #6 Broken, Fractured, & Cracked Ribs: Symptoms, Treatment, & Recovery

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/do-i-have-a-broken-rib

  Your ribs protect soft, fragile organs like your heart and lungs. Even though the rib bones are sturdy and are linked together by bands of muscles, its possible to break one or more ribs if youre hit hard in the chest. […] There are several ways your ribs could be broken: A traffic accident, Getting punched in your rib cage, Contact sports — football, hockey, or soccer, for example, Repeated movements, like swinging a golf club, rowing or swimming, Coughing very hard again and again, A fall onto a hard surface, Getting CPR. […] Some conditions can lead to a broken rib without your being hit very hard, including: Osteoporosis (thin, brittle bones, usually linked to aging), Cancerous lesions that weaken bones. […] A broken rib can have a jagged edge that juts into the chest cavity. Theres a chance that it can harm one of your organs: If you break a rib toward the top of your rib cage, the sharp end of the bone could tear or puncture an important blood vessel. If you break a rib in the middle of your rib cage, the sharp end of bone could puncture a lung. If you break a rib toward the bottom of your rib cage, the sharp end of the bone could cause damage to your liver, kidney, or spleen.

• #7 Rib Fracture – Injuries; Poisoning – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/injuries-poisoning/thoracic-trauma/rib-fracture

  One or more ribs can be fractured due to blunt chest injury. […] Typically, rib fractures result from blunt injury to the chest wall, usually involving a strong force (eg, due to high-speed deceleration, a baseball bat, a major fall); however, sometimes in older patients, only mild or moderate force (eg, in a minor fall) is required. […] Minor trauma (eg, due to a fall) in older adults can cause rib fractures that may have fatal consequences. […] Most complications from rib fractures result from concomitant injuries. […] Isolated rib fractures are painful but rarely cause complications. […] However, inspiratory splinting (incomplete inspiration due to pain) can cause atelectasis and pneumonia, especially in older patients or patients with multiple fractures. […] As a result, older patients have high mortality rates (up to 20%) when presenting with multiple rib fractures. […] Morbidity results from underlying lung, splenic, or vascular injury or development of pneumonia due to splinting, rather than rib fractures themselves.

• #8 Bruised ribs: Pictures, symptoms, causes, and treatments

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/325913

  The ribs can become bruised or broken after a traumatic injury to the chest. […] The most common cause of a bruised rib is trauma to the chest. […] This trauma can result from falls, sports injuries, motor vehicle accidents, crush injuries, or assaults, for example. […] Trauma to the ribs or chest can also cause soft tissue injuries involving the muscles and cartilage. […] Also, pregnant women can be more susceptible to rib fracture and injury, particularly in the third trimester, due to the growing uterus. […] A bruised rib usually results from an injury such as a fall or a blow to the chest, which may happen while playing sports, for example. Rib fractures occur in the same way.

• #9 Rib Fracture and Pneumothorax Complication | SportsMD

  https://www.sportsmd.com/sports-injuries/chest-rib-injuries/rib-fracture-pneumothorax-complication/

  A rib fracture or broken rib is one of the more common injuries to the chest with rib fractures as the most common thoracic injury from blunt force trauma (i.e. automobile accidents, falls, or contact sports). […] Rib fractures can be caused by both direct and indirect forces. Direct forces would include being hit, kicked, or punched with the resulting fracture at the site of contact. […] An indirect force can cause rib fractures through general compression of the rib cage as when a football player is compressed by another player during a tackle. The weight of the opposing player can compress the injured player against a hard surface. If the external force is stronger than the tensile force of the ribs, the bones can be fractured.

• #10 Broken or Fractured Ribs | All-Pro Orthopedics

  https://www.allproorthopedics.com/orthopedic-services/sports-medicine/broken-fractured-ribs/

  The severity of broken ribs can vary. […] As strong as they are, ribs are prone to breaks and fractures due to traumatic injury. […] Blunt trauma, such as from sports injuries or an automobile accident, are the most common causes of these kinds of more serious rib fractures. […] Broken ribs are most commonly caused by direct impacts, such as those that can occur from work-related injuries, motor vehicle accidents, or sports-related injuries. […] The most common cause of broken ribs is an auto accident, where the ribs are broken due to the blunt force trauma of the chest being slammed into the steering wheel. […] Broken ribs can occur from the blunt trauma that can occur in any contact sport, which increases the risk of trauma to your chests, such as hockey, rugby, or football. […] Ribs can be injured or broken in any job that requires physical labor.

• #11 Understanding Rib Fractures – Mr. Marco Scarci

  https://marcoscarci.co.uk/understanding-rib-fractures/

  Rib fractures are among the most common injuries affecting the chest area, often resulting from various forms of trauma. […] Trauma is the most common cause of rib fractures. This can include: Falls: Particularly in older adults, falls can lead to significant injuries, including rib fractures. Sports Injuries: High-contact sports like football, hockey, and rugby can result in rib injuries due to collisions or falls. Car Accidents: The impact from a vehicle collision can exert tremendous force on the ribcage, causing fractures. Physical Assault: Blunt force trauma from a punch or kick can also lead to rib fractures. […] Osteoporosis is a condition that weakens bones, making them more susceptible to fractures. Individuals with osteoporosis may experience rib fractures from minimal trauma, such as a minor fall or even a strong cough.

• #12 Rib fractures | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org

  https://radiopaedia.org/articles/rib-fractures?lang=us

  Rib fractures are a common consequence of trauma and can cause life-threatening complications. […] Rib fractures are often associated with other injuries and the greater the number of rib fractures the more likely are associated injuries. […] The 4th-10th ribs are the most commonly fractured. Fractures of the 1st-3rd ribs are associated with high-energy trauma. […] Etiology: blunt and penetrating trauma: e.g. motor vehicle accidents, falls, assaults; most common injury in blunt thoracic trauma, occurring in 50% of cases. […] Pathological fractures. […] Stress fractures occur more commonly in high-level athletes. […] Osteoporosis: decreased bone density increases risk of rib fractures. […] Non-accidental injuries in children: typically posterior fractures. […] Intimate partner violence: typically posterior. […] Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR): rib fracture occurs in 1 in 3. […] Fetal rib fractures: caused by skeletal dysplasias. […] Radiation-induced rib fractures. […] Spontaneous: spontaneous rib fracture.

• #13 Rib fracture – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rib_fracture

  A rib fracture is a break in a rib bone. This typically results in chest pain that is worse with inspiration. Bruising may occur at the site of the break. Potential complications include a pneumothorax, pulmonary contusion, and pneumonia. Rib fractures usually occur from a direct blow to the chest such as during a motor vehicle collision or from a crush injury. Coughing or metastatic cancer may also result in a broken rib. The middle ribs are most commonly fractured. Fractures of the first or second ribs are more likely to be associated with complications. […] Rib fractures can occur with or without direct trauma during recreational activity. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has also been known to cause thoracic injury, including but not limited to rib and sternum fractures. They can also occur as a consequence of diseases such as cancer or rheumatoid arthritis. An exceptionally powerful cough, such as that which can occur in whooping cough, may also result in a broken rib. While for elderly individuals a fall can cause a rib fracture, in adults automobile accidents are a common event for such an injury.

• #14 How To Self-Diagnose, Prevent And Rehab Rib Fracture. — Best Bainbridge Island Physical Therapy Clinic For Pain Relief, Injury Prevention & Rehabilitation

  https://fiziologix.com/blog-fiziologix-physical-therapy-tips-and-self-healing/3/20/2023/rib-fracture-rehabilitation

  A rib fracture occurs when one or more of the bones in the ribcage break or crack. it can be caused by various types of trauma, including: […] Blunt force trauma: This is the most common cause of rib fractures and occurs when the chest experiences a forceful impact, such as during a fall or a car accident. […] Repetitive motion: Rib fractures can also occur due to repetitive motions that put stress on the ribs, such as rowing or playing golf. […] Compression: Rib fractures can also occur due to compression, such as when a person is squeezed tightly in a bear hug or the chest is compressed during CPR. […] Osteoporosis: In people with weakened bones, such as those with osteoporosis, rib fractures can occur due to everyday activities such as coughing or sneezing. […] Cancer: Rib fractures can also be a symptom of certain types of cancer, such as lung cancer, that have spread to the bones. […] It is important to seek medical attention if you suspect that you have a rib fracture, as these injuries can cause significant pain and can also result in complications such as pneumothorax (collapsed lung) or hemothorax (blood in the chest cavity).

• #15 Bruised and Broken Rib Injury Compensation | Murphy’s Law

  https://www.murphys-law.com.au/faq/compensation-broken-ribs/

  Broken ribs are a painful injury for which there is often no treatment beyond rest and recovery. While most broken ribs can heal on their own within six weeks, some broken rib injuries require medical intervention and treatment. […] Rib injuries can be caused in any number of ways, but typically when the chest is hit directly, causing blunt-force trauma chest injuries. […] Accidents at work resulting in injury to the ribs can happen when falling from a height, or in a crush accident where a person becomes trapped between two objects. Rib injuries are also relatively common in road traffic accidents, where the chest impacts the steering wheel, or where another form of impact occurs. […] Rib injuries can happen in any number of ways, but there are some causes that are more common than others! In most cases, blunt force is the most common cause of injuries to the ribs – but this can happen in any number of ways.

• #15 Bruised and Broken Rib Injury Compensation | Murphy’s Law

  https://www.murphys-law.com.au/faq/compensation-broken-ribs/

  Rib injuries can also happen in a public place due to things like slips, trips and falls. […] Some professions are naturally at a greater risk of injury than other professions, simply due to the type of work that is undertaken and the nature of the conditions that people work in. […] The fact remains that it is possible to suffer a broken rib in any type of profession – so if you have suffered a rib injury or broken ribs at work, speak to us about how we can help you with a claim from a broken rib or ribs. […] While broken ribs is a serious injury, another type of rib injury happens with a blow to the chest or a fall resulting in bruised ribs. […] Rib injuries and broken ribs can occur as a result of the blunt force trauma associated with this type of injury.

• #16 Broken or Bruised Ribs – Types, Causes, Symptoms, Risks, Complications, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention

  https://www.medindia.net/health/conditions/broken-or-bruised-ribs.htm

  Accident- Getting involved in a motor vehicle accident with direct impact on the chest breaks the ribs. […] Crush injury- When a heavy object lands on the chest. […] Fall- Falling from a reasonable height. […] Assault- Getting hit on the chest by objects like baseball bats or iron rod. […] Sports- Engaging in contact sports like hockey or football. […] Repetitive trauma- Repetitive trauma from sports like golf or rowing. […] Cough- Violent coughing can crack ribs especially in older individuals. […] Osteoporosis- Osteoporosis causes the bone to lose its density or mass. As the bones becomes less dense, they weaken, become brittle and porous and are more likely to crack or break, especially in older individuals. […] Cancerous lesions- Cancerous lesions make the bones more brittle and weaker making it susceptible to breaks. […] Age- Older people are more likely to break their ribs due to degeneration of bones. Children and infants are less likely to break their ribs because of its high elasticity and flexibility.

• #16 Broken or Bruised Ribs – Types, Causes, Symptoms, Risks, Complications, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention

  https://www.medindia.net/health/conditions/broken-or-bruised-ribs.htm

  A broken or a bruised rib is a condition in which one of the ribs cracks or breaks. It is also known as a rib fracture. Ribs usually break at the point of impact or where they are structurally weakest. It is usually caused by a fall or a blow to the chest and occasionally by violent bouts of cough. […] A trauma to the chest or a fall causes rib fracture. Depending on the impact, a rib can either crack or break. A cracked rib though painful may not be as dangerous as a broken rib. A broken rib can cause damage to internal organs such as lungs or blood vessels by its jagged ends. […] Most common fractures occur in the 7th to 10th ribs. Fractures of the upper ribs are rare and when it happens, might cause damage the brachial nerve plexus, subclavian vessels or aorta. Fracture of lower ribs causes injury to the abdominal organs.

• #17 Bruised rib care: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000967.htm

  A rib contusion, also called a bruised rib, can occur after a fall or blow to your chest area. A bruise occurs when small blood vessels break and leak their contents into the soft tissue beneath the skin. This causes the skin to become discolored. […] Common causes of bruised ribs are car accidents, sports injuries, or falls. Severe or prolonged coughing can also cause bruised ribs. […] A rib bruise due to a blunt force may cause bleeding and injury to the tissues under the skin. […] Depending on the force of the blow, you may have other injuries, such as broken ribs or damage to the lungs, liver, spleen or kidney. This is more likely in car accidents or falls from a great height.

• #18 Bruised ribs: Causes, symptoms, and treatment | Optum Perks

  https://perks.optum.com/blog/bruised-ribs

  A bone bruise on the rib is also known as a rib contusion. It occurs when a direct blow or trauma causes a chest wall injury to the rib bone. It can result in pain or difficulty breathing. […] A bone bruise occurs when small blood vessels in the bone are damaged. This results in bleeding and swelling within the bone. […] In some cases, a bruised rib may be more severe than a simple bruise and can lead to further complications. […] Bruised ribs can be caused by various factors, such as blunt force or a direct blow to the chest or rib area, such as from a fall, a car accident, or contact sports. […] Severe coughing from a chronic respiratory condition such as asthma, bronchitis, or emphysema can also cause bruised ribs. […] Chronic skeletal conditions that weaken the bones in the rib cage, such as osteoporosis or arthritis, can lead to bruised ribs. […] In some instances, pregnant people can develop rib injuries (especially in the later stages of pregnancy) due to the uterus expanding to make room for a growing fetus.

• #19 Bruised Rib: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/bones-joints-and-muscles/bruised-rib

  A bruised rib can result from any injury to the area around the ribs. […] A direct hit to the rib cage is the most common cause of injuries to the ribs, including rib bruising. This can include a nonpenetrating or penetrating impact to a specific area. […] Situations that can cause bruised ribs include: sports injuries, falls, car accidents, crush injuries, such as from a heavy object falling onto your chest, assault, excessive or forceful coughing. […] Because any of these situations could cause additional injuries, including internal damage that may not be immediately apparent, it is important to get prompt or emergency care.

• #20 What Do Bruised Ribs Feel Like? Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/what_do_bruised_ribs_feel_like/article.htm

  Bruised ribs injuries to the rib cage bruise the rib cartilage, causing blood to accumulate around the fibrous tissues between the rib bones. […] A rib contusion, also known as a bruised rib, can occur due to a fall or blow to the chest area, forceful coughing, contusions in the rib cage region, and vigorous activity. Small blood vessels rupture and leak their contents into the skin’s soft tissue, resulting in a bruise. This causes discoloration of the skin. […] Bruises are more common in athletes. Pressure and blows to the chest and thoracic area are the culprits for bruised ribs. Bruising is one of the most frequent and important injuries in contact sports such as football and rugby. Accidents can also cause rib and breast bruises. […] Coughing: Allergens and irritants can lead to a severe cough. The contractions in the chest that result from frequent coughing might harm your ribs. The strong coughing associated with pleurisy and other illnesses is known to put the ribs at risk of damage.

• #21 What Do Bruised Ribs Feel Like? Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/what_do_bruised_ribs_feel_like/article.htm

  Sports and exercise: Boxing, American football, running, bench press, jiujitsu, golf (golf swing), rowing, volleyball, mountain biking, karting, kiteboarding, and weight lifting are sports and exercises that are known to result in rib injuries and bruising. […] Fall and accidents: Bruises from falls frequently affect athletes and pregnant women. The most frequent sort of fall that results in rib cage injuries is one in which there is a hard object between your rib cage and the ground. […] Sneezing and vomiting: Like coughing, sneezing, and prolonged vomiting can bruise ribs. This is characterized by rib pain accompanied by both vomiting and sneezing, which can increase the pressure in the chest region. […] Underwire bra: Rib-related bruises can result from wearing underwire bras. Although bras shape and support the breasts, some women claim that they have a few undesirable side effects such as squeezing, burrowing into the breast tissue, and stopping the flow of blood through the torso.

• #22 Bruised vs. Broken Ribs: What’s the Difference?

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/bruised-broken-or-fractured-ribs-4582241

  Broken and bruised ribs are different injuries. With a broken rib, the bone has been fractured either particularly or completely. A „bruised” rib means the supportive muscles and tissues around your ribcage have been injured. […] Most rib injuries happen when there is blunt force trauma to the chest wall, such as from a car accident or a fall. […] A bruised rib occurs when there is an injury to the chest wall but the bones of the ribcage are not actually injured. […] A broken rib can involve a complete or partial fracture of the bones of the ribcage. […] Fracture types include: Stable fracture: The broken bones are barely out of place. Compound fracture: The broken bone breaks the skin, also known as an open fracture. Transverse fracture: The break occurs along the length of a bone. Oblique fracture: The break is at an angle. Comminuted fracture: The bone shatters into three or more pieces.

• #22 Bruised vs. Broken Ribs: What’s the Difference?

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/bruised-broken-or-fractured-ribs-4582241

  A major rib injury can lead to a condition called a flail chest. […] Pneumonia is one of the most common complications of broken ribs. […] Other complications of a broken rib include: Pneumothorax (a collapsed lung) Hemothorax (blood in the chest cavity) […] You’re at greater risk of rib fractures and complications from rib fractures if you: Are over 65 Have low bone density (osteoporosis) Are prone to falls Have COPD or a chronic cough Smoke cigarettes […] Rib injuries can often be diagnosed based on your symptoms and a physical exam. […] Unlike an arm or a leg, a broken rib cannot be set or put into a cast. […] The treatment involves time, rest, and pain management.

• #23 Cracked Rib: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and More

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/broken-ribs-symptoms-1298895

  A fractured rib is the preferred medical term for a cracked or broken rib. A cracked rib is more of a description than a medical diagnosis and suggests a rib that has been partially fractured. A broken rib, which is the same thing as a fractured rib, describes any break in the bone. […] Any blunt impact to the chest or back can cause a rib fracture, including a fall, a sports injury, a car accident, or even violent coughing. […] Fractured ribs are usually caused by a fall, a blow to the chest, or severe coughing. […] Common causes of fractured ribs include: car accidents, pedestrian accidents, falls, impact injuries from sports like football or rugby, repetitive stress exerted during sports like rowing or golf, and violent coughing. […] Older people can experience a fracture from an otherwise minor injury due to the progressive loss of bone minerals as a person ages.

• #24 Rib Injury | Rib Injury Clinic

  https://www.ribinjuryclinic.com/conditions/rib-injury/

  Rib injuries vary significantly from a minor injury with associated pain and bruising to severe, multiple broken ribs and associated internal injuries. […] The type of injury and what happened is often the most useful guide to severity of rib injury. […] Rib fractures or any bone that fails to heal properly can lead to conditions called mal-union, delayed healing or non-union. […] Symptoms of a fracture that is not healing normally include tenderness, swelling, and an aching pain that may be felt deep within the affected bone. […] Rib injury can cause associated complex rib injury involving a junction between sternum and rib leading to dislocation or subluxation at the junction. […] Even relatively minor chest injuries can lead to internal injury to the lung (lung bruising (contusions), collapse (pneumothorax), effusions (blood or fluid) and rarely hernias (whether the lung or upper abdominal contents starts providing between broken ribs) or even a diaphragmatic (the muscle between the abdomen and the chest) hernia whereby the bowel contents slip into the chest from a hole or hernia in the diaphragm.

• #24 Rib Injury | Rib Injury Clinic

  https://www.ribinjuryclinic.com/conditions/rib-injury/

  As the most common chest wall injury, it is usually caused by a direct blow or from a fall leading to bruising of the muscle of the chest wall and/or a rib break (fracture). […] If the rib or ribs are broken, what part of the rib depends on type of injury and which ribs are involved though typically it is the part of the rib called the neck (towards the back) or the shaft (side of the chest) of the rib that is broken. […] Generally, the ribs most vulnerable to injury are the 7th to 10th but any rib can be broken. […] Following the injury, depending on the severity of the injury it can cause immediate pain, swelling and bruising over the area injured and difficulty breathing. […] If the rib is broken, you may feel or hear a cracking sensation particularly on twisting. […] If the injury is minor, it can take up to 6 weeks for the pain and discomfort to settle.

• #25 Rib Fracture (Broken Rib) > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/rib-fracture

  With flail chest, your upper rib cage separates from the rest of the chest wall and can’t hold its shape when you breathe. […] Flail chest can cause a pulmonary contusion, or bruise on the lung that can lead to serious lung conditions and respiratory failure. […] Surgery for rib fractures may be recommended only for the most complex cases, including when the injury has made breathing so difficult that a respirator is necessary.

• #25 Rib Fracture (Broken Rib) > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/rib-fracture

  A hallmark of a rib fracture is that a deep breath makes the pain worse. […] Rib fractures can even result from repetitive movements in sports, such as golf. […] Occasionally, severe coughing can cause a rib fracture, especially in people who have a bone-weakening cancer, or who are elderly or have osteoporosis. […] Your rib fracture may be complicated by other injuries. Upper rib fractures can cause injuries to the large vessels that bring blood to and from the heart. […] It’s not uncommon for a fractured rib to cause injury to the lung itself, sometimes leading to a collapsed lung or bleeding into the chest cavity. […] Lower rib fractures can cause injuries to the liver and spleen. […] If you have broken or cracked three or more adjacent ribs in two places, you may experience a condition called flail chest.

• #26 Flail Chest: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23994-flail-chest

  Flail chest is a traumatic disorder that happens when three or more ribs located next to each other are fractured in two or more places. This causes your chest wall to become unstable, interfering with breathing. […] The primary cause of flail chest is trauma, mainly motor vehicle accidents. The next most common cause is falls in older people who may have osteoporosis. […] Flail chest is very serious. It can be fatal. It must be treated medically.

• #27 Neumark Treatment for Rib Fracture without Trauma with Internal Rib Fixation

  https://neumarksurgery.com/rib-fractures-without-trauma/

  Rib fractures without traumas can come from a myriad of different causes. […] Rib fractures aren’t always the result of obvious trauma. They can be silent witnesses to diverse underlying health issues, from severe coughing fits to metabolic bone diseases, explains Dr. Harish Mithiran, director of Neumark Lung Chest Surgery Centre in Singapore. Understanding these less obvious causes is crucial for accurate diagnosis and proper treatment. […] One of the most common causes of rib fractures without trauma is osteoporosis. People with osteoporosis might fracture a rib from actions as simple as coughing, sneezing, or turning over in bed. The condition causes bones to become weak and brittle, making them more susceptible to fractures from minor stresses or even everyday activities. […] Osteoporosis is not the only bone disease that can cause a rib fracture without trauma. Other bone diseases like osteomalacia (softening of the bones due to vitamin D deficiency) and Paget’s disease of bone (which disrupts normal bone remodeling) can also increase the risk of spontaneous rib fractures.

• #27 Neumark Treatment for Rib Fracture without Trauma with Internal Rib Fixation

  https://neumarksurgery.com/rib-fractures-without-trauma/

  Repetitive stress or overuse can also lead to rib fractures, especially in athletes or individuals engaged in activities that strain the ribcage continuously. […] In some cases, severe or chronic coughing can be so persistent and damaging that it affects the ribs. […] Cancer, too, can cause a rib fracture without a traumatic event. Cancers that have metastasized spread to the bones sometimes lead to rib fractures without trauma.

• #28 Broken ribs – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/broken-ribs/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350769

  Because car accidents often cause broken ribs, many people learn they have a broken rib in a hospital’s emergency department. […] Most broken ribs heal on their own within six weeks. […] A bone can crack after repetitive trauma, such as long bouts of coughing.

• #29 How Do Rib Fractures Happen and How Can They be Treated? | Call Now!

  https://www.fosterwallace.com/faqs/how-do-rib-fractures-happen-and-how-can-they-be-treated/

  The ribs are the bones that protect the most important and most fragile organs in the human body. They act as a shield to keep the heart and lungs safe from harm. When something causes a rib fracture, this shield is compromised. There are many different things that commonly cause rib fractures, ranging from simple falls in the home to injuries sustained while participating in sports. […] Rib fractures can occur to young children, elderly adults, and everyone in between. Rib injuries are usually more severe for the elderly due to bone fragility, which increases with age. Elderly patients are more likely to experience multiple fractures and are more susceptible to encounter future complications. […] The most common cause of fractured ribs is direct trauma to the chest. This can be caused by a variety of events and activities, such as motor vehicle accidents, assault, contact sports, falls, receiving CPR, and work accidents. Most rib fractures occur as a result of car accidents. A rib can also be fractured by repeatedly coughing or sneezing hard. Additionally, a type of break called an “overuse rib stress fracture” may be sustained from repeated movements such as swinging a golf club, swimming, or rowing.

• #30 Broken Rib: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, Recovery Time, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/broken-rib

  Broken ribs are common in some sports, but getting it healed properly is important to avoid longterm complications. […] As the protectors of your heart and lungs, your ribs are designed to withstand a lot. But sudden and severe blows to the chest and back can fracture them. […] These can be the result of contact sports, such as football or rugby, car accidents, hard falls, domestic abuse or other forms of personal violence. […] Years of repetitive actions, such as a swinging a golf club, may also take a serious toll on your ribs and muscles. Trauma caused by repeating the same forceful motions can make you more susceptible to breaking a rib. […] Those most at risk for broken ribs include athletes who play contact sports or engage in frequent repetitive motions involving the chest or back, people with osteoporosis, a disease that reduces bone density, leaving bones more vulnerable to fractures, and people with a rib that has a cancerous lesion, which can weaken the bone.

• #31 Back rib pain: Causes and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/back-rib-pain

  Pain in the back ribs can happen for many reasons. It can result from an injury, but it can also be a sign of a more serious condition, such as osteoporosis, gallstones, or a lung condition. […] Injuries can cause back rib pain. Common rib-related injuries include: bruised ribs, pulled muscles, broken ribs. […] If pain after an injury is lasting or severe, the cause may be a broken rib. […] Preexisting conditions, such as osteoporosis, can weaken the ribs so that they break more easily, often during less intensive activities. […] Osteoporosis causes the bones to lose the minerals that they need to stay strong.

• #32 6 Conditions That Cause Rib Pain: Jason Ablett, DC: Chiropractor

  https://www.pinnaclehealthchiro.com/blog/6-conditions-that-cause-rib-pain

  When you break your ribs, it usually causes significant pain. Usually an injury such as a car accident or a fall causes rib fractures. However, conditions that weaken your bones, like osteoporosis, may also lead to this type of injury. […] While broken ribs are usually harmless, if theyre severely broken, you could end up damaging your internal organs. […] This condition usually affects you when youre older, and leads to weak and brittle bones. While osteoporosis itself doesnt usually cause pain, it does often lead to easily broken bones. If you have osteoporosis, you may end up breaking a rib just from coughing too hard.

• #33 Rib Fracture – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541020/

  Rib fractures can be traumatic or atraumatic. Most rib fractures are due to direct penetrating or blunt trauma to the chest. Ribs 1 through 3 are the hardest to break and signify a significant degree of trauma if fractured. Ribs 4 through 10 are typically the most vulnerable while ribs 11 through 12 are more mobile and therefore more difficult to break. In the elderly, falls are a common etiology of rib fractures and are associated with higher mortality and morbidity than younger patients. Rib fractures may also be pathologic as a result of cancer metastasis from other organs. Through repetitive stress and microtrauma, athletes can develop rib fractures with chronic use. Spontaneous rib fractures can also occur due to severe cough and are more likely to occur in those with osteoporosis or underlying lung disease. […] Because children tend to have more elastic ribs than adults do, children are less likely to sustain rib fractures. Therefore, children with rib fractures is a sign of significant trauma and should warrant an investigation of possible child abuse.

• #34 Initial evaluation and management of rib fractures – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/initial-evaluation-and-management-of-rib-fractures

  Rib fractures are common injuries that occur most often following blunt thoracic trauma but can also result from severe coughing, athletic activities (eg, rowing, swinging golf clubs, throwing, which can cause rib stress fractures), and nonaccidental trauma (ie, child abuse). Concomitant injuries and complications range from mild discomfort to life-threatening conditions such as pneumothorax, splenic laceration, and pneumonia. […] Most rib fractures are caused by direct trauma to the chest wall. This can occur from blunt (eg, motor vehicle collision) or penetrating (eg, gunshot) trauma. A single blow may cause rib fractures in multiple places. […] Cancers that metastasize to bone (eg, prostate, breast, kidney) frequently become apparent in a rib and cause pathologic fractures. Ribs are relatively thin compared with major long bones and are more likely to fracture when invaded by a metastatic lesion.

• #35 Rib Fracture Imaging and Diagnosis: Practice Essentials, Radiography, Computed Tomography

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/395172-overview

  Thoracic trauma may present as an isolated rib fracture, a chest contusion, or a laceration; however, significant thoracic trauma often involves multiple organ systems and several anatomic regions. […] The chest trauma that results from a motor vehicle accident may result in injury to the sternum, the ribs, and the heart, aorta, and lungs. […] Multiple injuries often occur in people who are involved in traffic accidents, and rib fractures are among the most common of these injuries, with an occurrence as high as 60%. […] The location of specific rib fractures is an important indicator of related injury. Rib fractures can be studied as 3 distinct patterns according to their location: (1) fractures of the first rib and those of the second to fourth ribs, (2) fractures of the fifth to ninth ribs, and (3) fractures of the 10th to 12th ribs. These 3 distinct patterns of rib fractures represent unique pathophysiology and associated morbidity.

• #36 Rib Fracture Imaging and Diagnosis: Practice Essentials, Radiography, Computed Tomography

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/395172-overview

  Fractures of the first rib are rare. The significance of a first rib fracture is the association with cervical spine trauma, multiple rib fractures, or life-threatening vascular injuries. […] Fractures of the fifth to ninth ribs can be single or multiple. Multiple fractures can present as flail chest, which is present when paradoxical respiratory movement occurs in a segment of the chest wall. […] An inward displacement of the rib fracture fragments at the time of the injury may lacerate the lung parenchyma and produce a pneumothorax, with a possible hemothorax. […] A spontaneous fracture of a midthoracic rib should alert the clinician for an underlying metastasis, multiple myeloma, or hyperparathyroidism. […] Hemorrhage around and within the adrenal glands represents a risk that is associated with fractures of the lower ribs.

• #37 Broken ribs: What to do when there’s a pain in your side | Shine365 from Marshfield Clinic

  https://shine365.marshfieldclinic.org/bone-joint/broken-ribs/

  Common causes of broken ribs are motor vehicle accidents, collisions in contact sports and falls. […] The most common causes of broken ribs are motor vehicle accidents, collisions in contact sports and falls. Symptoms of broken or bruised ribs include a strong pain in your chest, particularly when you breathe in, swelling, tenderness and sometimes bruising. […] The fracture location and damage to several ribs triggers doctors to investigate vital organs. Multiple rib fractures indicate high-force impact. […] Fracture of your lower left ribs could lead to injury to the spleen, while if your lower right ribs are broken, theres concern for the liver. Lower posterior rib trauma flags kidney damage. […] Injury to rib number one specifically indicates severe trauma, which is associated with other internal life-threatening injuriesbrain, spine, heart, lungs and pelvis. […] She advises that if children have broken ribs it is a sign of abuse. Childrens ribs have more flexibility and rib fractures in the absence of severe trauma are uncommon.

• #38 Rib injuries | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/rib-injuries

  Common causes of rib injury include motor vehicle accidents and falls. […] Since the ribs enclose vital organs, including the heart and lungs, chest trauma can cause life-threatening injuries such as a punctured lung or a ruptured aorta. […] Broken ribs cant be set in a cast, so treatment aims to relieve pain while the injury heals. […] Rib injuries typically occur when the chest is directly hit. […] Situations that could cause blunt injuries to the ribcage include motor vehicle accidents, crush injuries, sports-related injuries, falling from a reasonable height, and assault. […] Bruising of the chest wall is a common rib trauma. […] A rib is most likely to fracture at its outer curve, which is its weakest point. […] Flail chest is the most common serious injury to the ribs. […] The ribs enclose vital organs such as the heart and lungs, so chest trauma can cause life-threatening injuries. […] Treatment aims to relieve pain while the injury heals, which can take up to six weeks (in the case of fracture), and 12 weeks or more if the rib has been torn from the cartilage.

• #39 Treatment for rib injury often includes pain management | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/treatment-rib-injury-often-includes-pain-management

  Fractured ribs are one of the most common traumatic injuries. More than 300,000 people visit the emergency room each year with a broken rib, and up to 45,000 wind up spending time in the hospital as a result. The most common causes are a car accident, as happened in your case, or collisions during contact sports. Older adults, whose bones can become frail, are at increased risk of a rib fracture during a fall. […] As with any bone in the body, ribs can be bruised, cracked or broken. The most common site of a rib fracture is the outer curve of the rib, where the bone is weakest. The ribs in the middle of the chest are most likely to be broken. In severe trauma, it is possible for a broken rib to injure the lung. Breaks in the lower ribs can injure the spleen, liver or kidneys, which can be life-threatening. […] The primary treatments for rib fractures are medications to help manage pain and inflammation and instructions to limit movement. Depending on the severity of someones injury and the number of ribs involved, healing can take from six weeks to several months.

• #40

  https://www.aast.org/resources-detail/rib-fractures

  The most common mechanism causing rib fractures is blunt trauma (i.e. automobile accidents, falls from height, assault, or even severe coughing). Blunt trauma causes rib fractures by exerting direct pressure on the rib causing it to break. Approximately 10% of all patients admitted for blunt chest trauma have one or more rib fractures. […] Patients with advanced age, osteoporosis or osteopenia have an increased risk of number and severity of fractures. […] The sharp fractured end of the rib can puncture the lung, causing air leakage, a condition called a pneumothorax, which is potentially life threatening. […] A flail chest can significantly affect the mechanics of breathing and may require ventilatory support to improve blood oxygen concentration and possibly repair of the fractures with metal plates.

• #41 Fractured Rib: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment, Cracked Ribs – Do I Have A Broken Rib? – The Health Experts

  https://www.thehealthexperts.co.uk/broken-fractured-bones/fractured-rib/

  A punctured lung which could collapse […] A lacerated spleen, kidneys or liver the last two ribs when fractured can cause severe damage to your internal organs. […] If you are unable to breathe normally, you run the risk of developing pneumonia. Statistics show that around 35% of people over the age of 65 who suffer a fractured rib develop pneumonia.

• #42 3 Reasons You Might Have Rib Cage Pain – Keck Medicine of USC

  https://www.keckmedicine.org/blog/3-reasons-you-might-have-rib-cage-pain/

  Pain in your chest can be scary you may even be worried youre having a heart attack. But the pain youre experiencing might not actually be coming from one of your organs. The ribs themselves, and the area surrounding them, can also cause discomfort. Here are three conditions that can cause rib cage pain, and the telltale symptoms doctors use to tell them apart. […] A bruised rib means the bone is not actually cracked, but it still may have sustained damage. Symptoms for bruised and broken ribs are much the same: pain, particularly when breathing or coughing. […] Failing to do so may result in pneumonia. Respiratory complications, like pneumonia, occur in nearly a third of patients with rib fractures. […] Ribs obviously cant be put in a cast or immobilized, like other broken bones.

• #43 Acute and Chronic Rib Conditions | MUSC Health | Charleston SC

  https://muschealth.org/medical-services/critical-care/rib-fracture-care/acute-and-chronic-rib-conditions

  Acute rib fractures or broken ribs after an injury are extremely common. Ribs are often broken in falls, motor vehicle crashes, motorcycle crashes, or anything that hits the chest. […] Over the past few years, we have realized that some patients benefit significantly from operating on broken ribs. For patients with 3 or more displaced rib fractures, or multiple fractures along the same ribs, surgical repair of the fractures improves their recovery by decreasing death, pneumonia, pain, and improving quality of life. […] Non-Healing or Non-Union rib fractures can cause significant pain and disability. Patients with rib fractures that did not heal properly can have deformity, popping or clicking with breathing or movement, or significant pain in a certain part of their chest wall. […] Recovery from injury requires good nutrition and blood flow to the injured areas. Some patients benefit from taking calcium and vitamin D. The use of tobacco products or nicotine impairs blood flow. Additionally, too much movement at the location of the broken rib can also cause it to not heal normally. […] Multimodal pain medication management and surgery if needed can greatly improve patients recovery. This approach to treatment has been shown to improve quality of life and decrease the chance of getting pneumonia.

• #44 Blood Clots from a Broken Rib: Causes, Risks, Prevention, Treatment

  https://bloodclot.org/blood-clots-from-a-broken-rib/

  Blood clots from a broken rib can occur due to restricted movement, vascular injury, or changes in blood flow dynamics. […] A broken rib may contribute to blood clot formation in several ways: Immobility, vascular injury, inflammation response, lung complications, and breathing restrictions. […] Certain individuals may have an increased likelihood of developing blood clots after a rib fracture due to advanced age, obesity, smoking, prolonged bed rest, history of blood clots, heart or lung conditions, and use of blood-clotting medications or hormones. […] Blood clots are a serious but often preventable complication associated with broken ribs. Limited movement, vascular injuries, and inflammation can increase clot risks, making awareness and proactive prevention essential.

• #45 Rib Fractures and Pneumothorax – Brigham and Women’s Hospital

  https://www.brighamandwomens.org/lung-center/diseases-and-conditions/rib-fractures

  Rib fractures are commonly caused by trauma to the chest wall. Rib fractures are most commonly caused by blunt injuries to the chest caused by a car accident, fall or assault. […] When severe, rib fractures can lead to flail chest (open chest wound) and cause breathing issues, pulmonary contusion, bleeding and pneumothorax. […] When untreated, rib fractures will lead to serious short-term consequences such as severe pain when breathing, pneumonia and, rarely, death. Long-term consequences include chest wall deformity, chronic pain and decreased lung function.

• #46 Rib Fracture Imaging and Diagnosis: Practice Essentials, Radiography, Computed Tomography

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/395172-overview

  The incidence of hemopneumothoraces in patients with rib fractures is 30%. […] Rib fractures are associated with pulmonary contusions in 20-40% of cases. […] The number of rib fractures correlates with mortality in adult trauma patients, rising sharply in patients with more than 6 fractured ribs. […] The association of lower rib fractures with pelvic fractures has been associated with a higher incidence of solid organ injury.

• #47 Rib Fracture Treatment: Symptoms & Care for Broken Ribs

  https://cpraedcourse.com/blog/rib-fracture/

  Physical Attack. During a physical altercation, a punch or kick to the chest can cause enough force to break one or more ribs. This occurs particularly when the blow is delivered with significant pressure and strikes a vulnerable area of the ribcage. […] Cancers That Have Spread to Bones. Certain cancers like breast or lung cancer can spread to the bones and weaken the ribs. As a result, bones become more likely to fracture, even with mild pressure or minor trauma to the chest. […] Severe Coughing. A severe, persistent cough can repeatedly strain the ribs, potentially causing small fractures. This occurs especially in people with weakened bones, such as those suffering from osteoporosis.

• #48 Broken Or Bruised Ribs | Symptoms, Diagnosis & Causes | Conditions | Healthera

  https://healthera.co.uk/conditions-a-z/broken-or-bruised-ribs/

  Broken or bruised ribs are injuries to the bones that protect your chest area. These injuries can result from falls, accidents, or blunt force to the chest. […] Broken or bruised ribs usually happen due to: Falls, such as slipping or tripping; Contact sports like rugby or football; Car accidents or other collisions. […] Broken or bruised ribs are quite common, especially among people who play contact sports or who are involved in accidents. […] People who are at higher risk include: Sports enthusiasts participating in contact sports; Older adults, who may be more prone to falls; People involved in car accidents or other similar incidents.

• #49 How Do Rib Fractures Happen and How Can They be Treated? | Call Now!

  https://www.fosterwallace.com/faqs/how-do-rib-fractures-happen-and-how-can-they-be-treated/

  It is important to seek prompt medical attention when experiencing chest pain or when a rib injury is suspected as a result of an accident or other traumatic event. Rib fractures are not something to be taken lightly and should be examined by a health professional as quickly as possible. An untreated fractured rib may cause complications that escalate to a more severe condition such as a collapsed, punctured, or bruised lung, flail chest (when ribs become detached from the ribcage), pneumonia, and even death. […] Additionally, rib fractures can help doctors determine the severity of other injuries after an accident or trauma to the chest. When ribs are broken from any abrupt contact, there are likely other injuries that exist that need to be examined by a doctor. A fractured rib may help give health professionals notice of other injuries in the chest and abdomen that otherwise would have been overlooked. When ribs are fractured, other organs may be injured such as the heart, spleen, and blood vessels.

Zobacz więcej