Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Hernia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hernia

  About 27% of males and 3% of females develop a groin hernia at some time in their lives. […] In 2013 about 25 million people had a hernia. […] Inguinal, femoral and abdominal hernias resulted in 32,500 deaths globally in 2013 and 50,500 in 1990. […] Healthcare costs associated with abdominal wall hernias account for an annual expenditure of approximately 2.5 to 3 billion dollars.

• #2 The global, regional, and national burden and its trends of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia from 1990 to 2019: findings from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study – a cross-sectional study

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10389329/

  Inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia repairs are the most common surgical procedure worldwide. However, studies on hernia disease burden are notably limited, in both developed and low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We investigated temporal trends in the incidence and prevalence of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias at global, regional, and national levels in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019 using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019). […] Globally, there were 32.53 million [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 27.7137.79] prevalent cases and 13.02 million (10.6815.49) incident cases of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias in 2019, which increased by 36.00% and 63.67%, respectively, compared with 1990. […] The global incident cases and prevalent cases of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias increased substantially from 1990 to 2019, with a heavier burden observed in males, older adults, and in LMICs such as India and China. In addition, the ASIR and ASPR increased substantially in Central Sub-Saharan Africa. More efforts are warranted for hernia management to reduce the burden of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias, such as by providing safe hernia surgical treatment for males, older adults, and LMICs. […] The worldwide age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized prevalence rate of hernias gradually decreased from 1990 to 2019. […] The age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized prevalence rate increased substantially in Central Sub-Saharan Africa.

• #3 The global, regional, and national burden and its trends of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia from 1990 to 2019: findings from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study – a cross-sectional study

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10389329/

  Inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia repairs are the most common surgical procedure worldwide. However, studies on hernia disease burden are notably limited, in both developed and low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We investigated temporal trends in the incidence and prevalence of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias at global, regional, and national levels in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019 using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019). […] Globally, there were 32.53 million [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 27.7137.79] prevalent cases and 13.02 million (10.6815.49) incident cases of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias in 2019, which increased by 36.00% and 63.67%, respectively, compared with 1990. […] The global incident cases and prevalent cases of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias increased substantially from 1990 to 2019, with a heavier burden observed in males, older adults, and in LMICs such as India and China. In addition, the ASIR and ASPR increased substantially in Central Sub-Saharan Africa. More efforts are warranted for hernia management to reduce the burden of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias, such as by providing safe hernia surgical treatment for males, older adults, and LMICs. […] The worldwide age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized prevalence rate of hernias gradually decreased from 1990 to 2019. […] The age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized prevalence rate increased substantially in Central Sub-Saharan Africa.

• #4 Inguinal Hernia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513332/

  Inguinal hernia repair is a common surgery in the United States. It is estimated that about 800,000 inguinal hernias are performed annually. Inguinal hernias account for 75% of all abdominal wall hernias. The incidence of inguinal hernias has a bimodal distribution, with peaks around age 5 and after age 70. […] Males account for about 90% of all inguinal hernias and females about 10%. Femoral hernias account for only 3% of all inguinal hernias and are more commonly seen in women with females accounting for about 70% of all femoral hernias. An inguinal hernia will affect nearly 25% of men and less than 2% of women over their lifetime.

• #5 Abdominal Hernias: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/189563-overview

  As much as 10% of the population develops some type of hernia during life. More than 1 million abdominal hernia repairs are performed each year, with inguinal hernia repairs constituting nearly 770,000 of these cases. Frequencies of various types of hernias are as follows: Approximately 75% of all hernias are inguinal; of these, 50% are indirect (male-to-female ratio, 7:1), with a right-side predominance, and 25% are direct; 3% of inguinal hernias have a sliding component, most often on the left side (left-to-right ratio, 4.5:1). About 14% of hernias are umbilical. About 10% of hernias are incisional or ventral (female-to-male ratio, 2:1). Only 3-5% of hernias are femoral. Interparietal, supravesical, lumbar, sciatic, and perineal hernias are rare; interparietal hernias are on the right side in 70% of cases, and a similar percentage of cases involve testicular maldescent (Denis-Browne pouch).

• #6 Inguinal Hernia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513332/

  Inguinal hernia repair is a common surgery in the United States. It is estimated that about 800,000 inguinal hernias are performed annually. Inguinal hernias account for 75% of all abdominal wall hernias. The incidence of inguinal hernias has a bimodal distribution, with peaks around age 5 and after age 70. […] Males account for about 90% of all inguinal hernias and females about 10%. Femoral hernias account for only 3% of all inguinal hernias and are more commonly seen in women with females accounting for about 70% of all femoral hernias. An inguinal hernia will affect nearly 25% of men and less than 2% of women over their lifetime.

• #7 Abdominal Hernias: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/189563-overview

  Inguinal hernias are the most common type in both males and females; approximately 25% of males and 2% of females have an inguinal hernia over the course of their lifetime. The male-to-female ratio for indirect inguinal hernia is 7:1. […] Umbilical hernias are much more common in persons of African ethnicity. With respect to the pediatric population, umbilical hernias occur eight times more frequently in black infants than in white infants.

• #8 Classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/classification-clinical-features-and-diagnosis-of-inguinal-and-femoral-hernias-in-adults/print

  Hernias are among the oldest recorded afflictions of humankind. A hernia is defined as a protrusion, bulge, or projection of an organ or a part of an organ through the body wall that normally contains it. Collectively, inguinal and femoral hernias are known as groin hernias. […] The epidemiology, pathogenesis, classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias will be reviewed. […] The lifetime prevalence of groin hernias is estimated to be 27 to 43 percent in males and 3 to 6 percent in females. Groin hernias are the most common surgical condition encountered by primary care clinicians, with 1.6 million diagnosed annually and 500,000 undergoing operative repair in the United States. Worldwide, 20 million groin hernia repairs are performed annually, and inguinal hernia repair is the most common of all abdominal wall hernia operations.

• #9 Inguinal hernia – epidemiology, risk factors, treatment methods (literature review) | Oorzhak | Acta Biomedica Scientifica

  https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/2994?locale=en_US

  Inguinal hernias (IH) are widespread in the human population and occur in 27-43% of men and 3-6% of women. […] Many risk factors for IH have been overestimated in the last decade: male gender is considered the leading factor (the ratio between men and women is approximately 1:7), less significant factors are heredity (most significant for women), physical activity (more significant for men), age (peak prevalence of IH occurs at 5 years and 70-80 years), congenital or acquired connective tissue dysplasia, history of prostatectomy, low body mass index. […] Hernioplasty with the use of synthetic mesh prostheses remains the most popular technique for surgical correction of IH. […] In open hernioplasty using mesh prostheses, different methods are used today: Plug Patch, Prolene Hernia System, Parietene Progrip, sutureless plastic according to Trabucco, Stoppa, preperitoneal techniques TIPP (trans-inguinal pre-peritoneal), TREPP (transrectus pre-peritoneal), TEP (total extraperitoneal), however, none of them showed significant advantages over the gold standard of open hernioplasty tension-free repair according to Liechtenstein.

• #10 Abdominal Hernias: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/189563-overview

  As much as 10% of the population develops some type of hernia during life. More than 1 million abdominal hernia repairs are performed each year, with inguinal hernia repairs constituting nearly 770,000 of these cases. Frequencies of various types of hernias are as follows: Approximately 75% of all hernias are inguinal; of these, 50% are indirect (male-to-female ratio, 7:1), with a right-side predominance, and 25% are direct; 3% of inguinal hernias have a sliding component, most often on the left side (left-to-right ratio, 4.5:1). About 14% of hernias are umbilical. About 10% of hernias are incisional or ventral (female-to-male ratio, 2:1). Only 3-5% of hernias are femoral. Interparietal, supravesical, lumbar, sciatic, and perineal hernias are rare; interparietal hernias are on the right side in 70% of cases, and a similar percentage of cases involve testicular maldescent (Denis-Browne pouch).

• #11 Indirect inguinal hernia | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org

  https://radiopaedia.org/articles/indirect-inguinal-hernia?lang=us

  Indirect inguinal hernias, a type of groin herniation, are the most common type of abdominal hernia. […] It is five times more common than a direct inguinal hernia, and is seven times more frequent in males, due to the persistence of the processus vaginalis during testicular descent. […] In children, the vast majority of inguinal hernias are indirect.

• #12 Inguinal hernia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inguinal_hernia

  A direct inguinal hernia is less common (~2530% of inguinal hernias) and usually occurs in men over 40 years of age. […] Men have an 8 times higher incidence of inguinal hernia than women.

• #13 Inguinal Hernia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513332/

  Inguinal hernia repair is a common surgery in the United States. It is estimated that about 800,000 inguinal hernias are performed annually. Inguinal hernias account for 75% of all abdominal wall hernias. The incidence of inguinal hernias has a bimodal distribution, with peaks around age 5 and after age 70. […] Males account for about 90% of all inguinal hernias and females about 10%. Femoral hernias account for only 3% of all inguinal hernias and are more commonly seen in women with females accounting for about 70% of all femoral hernias. An inguinal hernia will affect nearly 25% of men and less than 2% of women over their lifetime.

• #14 Abdominal Hernias: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/189563-overview

  As much as 10% of the population develops some type of hernia during life. More than 1 million abdominal hernia repairs are performed each year, with inguinal hernia repairs constituting nearly 770,000 of these cases. Frequencies of various types of hernias are as follows: Approximately 75% of all hernias are inguinal; of these, 50% are indirect (male-to-female ratio, 7:1), with a right-side predominance, and 25% are direct; 3% of inguinal hernias have a sliding component, most often on the left side (left-to-right ratio, 4.5:1). About 14% of hernias are umbilical. About 10% of hernias are incisional or ventral (female-to-male ratio, 2:1). Only 3-5% of hernias are femoral. Interparietal, supravesical, lumbar, sciatic, and perineal hernias are rare; interparietal hernias are on the right side in 70% of cases, and a similar percentage of cases involve testicular maldescent (Denis-Browne pouch).

• #15 Femoral hernia epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Femoral_hernia_epidemiology_and_demographics

  The prevalence of femoral hernia is estimated to be 2% – 8% (2000 per 100,000 cases to a high of 8000 per 100,000 cases) of all groin hernias. The incidence of femoral hernia increases with age; the peak age at diagnosis is 50 years. […] Femoral hernia commonly affects individuals between 40 – 70 years of age. […] Females are more commonly affected by femoral hernia than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 5 to 1.

• #16 Abdominal Hernias: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/189563-overview

  As much as 10% of the population develops some type of hernia during life. More than 1 million abdominal hernia repairs are performed each year, with inguinal hernia repairs constituting nearly 770,000 of these cases. Frequencies of various types of hernias are as follows: Approximately 75% of all hernias are inguinal; of these, 50% are indirect (male-to-female ratio, 7:1), with a right-side predominance, and 25% are direct; 3% of inguinal hernias have a sliding component, most often on the left side (left-to-right ratio, 4.5:1). About 14% of hernias are umbilical. About 10% of hernias are incisional or ventral (female-to-male ratio, 2:1). Only 3-5% of hernias are femoral. Interparietal, supravesical, lumbar, sciatic, and perineal hernias are rare; interparietal hernias are on the right side in 70% of cases, and a similar percentage of cases involve testicular maldescent (Denis-Browne pouch).

• #17 Abdominal Hernias: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/189563-overview

  Inguinal hernias are the most common type in both males and females; approximately 25% of males and 2% of females have an inguinal hernia over the course of their lifetime. The male-to-female ratio for indirect inguinal hernia is 7:1. […] Umbilical hernias are much more common in persons of African ethnicity. With respect to the pediatric population, umbilical hernias occur eight times more frequently in black infants than in white infants.

• #18 Abdominal Hernias: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/189563-overview

  As much as 10% of the population develops some type of hernia during life. More than 1 million abdominal hernia repairs are performed each year, with inguinal hernia repairs constituting nearly 770,000 of these cases. Frequencies of various types of hernias are as follows: Approximately 75% of all hernias are inguinal; of these, 50% are indirect (male-to-female ratio, 7:1), with a right-side predominance, and 25% are direct; 3% of inguinal hernias have a sliding component, most often on the left side (left-to-right ratio, 4.5:1). About 14% of hernias are umbilical. About 10% of hernias are incisional or ventral (female-to-male ratio, 2:1). Only 3-5% of hernias are femoral. Interparietal, supravesical, lumbar, sciatic, and perineal hernias are rare; interparietal hernias are on the right side in 70% of cases, and a similar percentage of cases involve testicular maldescent (Denis-Browne pouch).

• #19 Clinical features, diagnosis, and prevention of incisional hernias – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-features-diagnosis-and-prevention-of-incisional-hernias

  Incisional hernia occurs in approximately 10 to 15 percent of patients with a prior abdominal incision. It can develop after any type of incision, including midline, paramedian, subcostal, McBurney, Pfannenstiel, and flank incisions. The incidence depends upon the location and size of the incisions: […] Midline incisions have the highest incidences of incisional hernias (3 to 20 percent). In a systematic review, the risk of incisional hernia was higher for midline incisions than transverse incisions (relative risk [RR] 1.77, 95% CI 1.09-2.87) and paramedian incisions (RR 3.41, 95% CI 1.02-11.45), respectively. […] Vertical incisions have a higher risk for hernia than transverse/oblique incisions, and upper abdominal incisions are more susceptible to hernia than lower abdominal incisions.

• #20 Inguinal Hernia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513332/

  Inguinal hernia repair is a common surgery in the United States. It is estimated that about 800,000 inguinal hernias are performed annually. Inguinal hernias account for 75% of all abdominal wall hernias. The incidence of inguinal hernias has a bimodal distribution, with peaks around age 5 and after age 70. […] Males account for about 90% of all inguinal hernias and females about 10%. Femoral hernias account for only 3% of all inguinal hernias and are more commonly seen in women with females accounting for about 70% of all femoral hernias. An inguinal hernia will affect nearly 25% of men and less than 2% of women over their lifetime.

• #21 Abdominal Hernias: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/189563-overview

  In the case of congenital abdominal wall defects, the incidence of omphalocele has increased only slightly over the past few decades, to a current level of about 1-2.5 in 5000 live births. In contrast, the incidence of gastroschisis has increased markedly over the past 25 years, to a current level of 1 in 3600 live births. In some areas, the prevalence of gastroschisis has increased by as much as 400% over the past two decades. […] The prevalence of all varieties of hernias increases with age. The incidence of inguinal hernias in children is as high as 4.5%. Indirect hernias usually present during the first year of life, but they may not appear until middle or old age. Indirect hernias are more common in premature infants than in term infants; they develop in 13% of infants born before 32 weeks gestation. Direct hernias occur in older patients as a result of relaxation of abdominal wall musculature and thinning of the fascia.

• #22 Abdominal Hernias: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/189563-overview

  In the case of congenital abdominal wall defects, the incidence of omphalocele has increased only slightly over the past few decades, to a current level of about 1-2.5 in 5000 live births. In contrast, the incidence of gastroschisis has increased markedly over the past 25 years, to a current level of 1 in 3600 live births. In some areas, the prevalence of gastroschisis has increased by as much as 400% over the past two decades. […] The prevalence of all varieties of hernias increases with age. The incidence of inguinal hernias in children is as high as 4.5%. Indirect hernias usually present during the first year of life, but they may not appear until middle or old age. Indirect hernias are more common in premature infants than in term infants; they develop in 13% of infants born before 32 weeks gestation. Direct hernias occur in older patients as a result of relaxation of abdominal wall musculature and thinning of the fascia.

• #23 Inguinal Hernia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513332/

  Inguinal hernia repair is a common surgery in the United States. It is estimated that about 800,000 inguinal hernias are performed annually. Inguinal hernias account for 75% of all abdominal wall hernias. The incidence of inguinal hernias has a bimodal distribution, with peaks around age 5 and after age 70. […] Males account for about 90% of all inguinal hernias and females about 10%. Femoral hernias account for only 3% of all inguinal hernias and are more commonly seen in women with females accounting for about 70% of all femoral hernias. An inguinal hernia will affect nearly 25% of men and less than 2% of women over their lifetime.

• #24 Abdominal Hernias: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/189563-overview

  Inguinal hernias are the most common type in both males and females; approximately 25% of males and 2% of females have an inguinal hernia over the course of their lifetime. The male-to-female ratio for indirect inguinal hernia is 7:1. […] Umbilical hernias are much more common in persons of African ethnicity. With respect to the pediatric population, umbilical hernias occur eight times more frequently in black infants than in white infants.

• #25 Inguinal hernia epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Inguinal_hernia_epidemiology_and_demographics

  The incidence of inguinal hernia is approximately 110 per 100,000 individuals in years aged 16-24 years to 2000 per 100,000 person years aged 75 years or above in men. The prevalence of inguinal hernia is approximately 1700 per 100,000 individuals for all ages and 4000 per 100,000 for those aged over 45 years worldwide. […] The incidence of inguinal hernia increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is 40-59 years. […] Male are more commonly affected by inguinal hernia than female. The male to female ratio is approximately 9 to 1. […] Patients of all age groups may develop inguinal hernia. […] Direct inguinal hernia commonly affects middle-aged and elderly individuals because the abdominal walls weakens with age. […] Indirect inguinal hernias can occur at any age including the young individuals. […] Inguinal hernia affects individuals of the Caucasian more than African-American.

• #26 Femoral hernia epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Femoral_hernia_epidemiology_and_demographics

  The prevalence of femoral hernia is estimated to be 2% – 8% (2000 per 100,000 cases to a high of 8000 per 100,000 cases) of all groin hernias. The incidence of femoral hernia increases with age; the peak age at diagnosis is 50 years. […] Femoral hernia commonly affects individuals between 40 – 70 years of age. […] Females are more commonly affected by femoral hernia than males. The female to male ratio is approximately 5 to 1.

• #27 Abdominal Hernias: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/189563-overview

  In the case of congenital abdominal wall defects, the incidence of omphalocele has increased only slightly over the past few decades, to a current level of about 1-2.5 in 5000 live births. In contrast, the incidence of gastroschisis has increased markedly over the past 25 years, to a current level of 1 in 3600 live births. In some areas, the prevalence of gastroschisis has increased by as much as 400% over the past two decades. […] The prevalence of all varieties of hernias increases with age. The incidence of inguinal hernias in children is as high as 4.5%. Indirect hernias usually present during the first year of life, but they may not appear until middle or old age. Indirect hernias are more common in premature infants than in term infants; they develop in 13% of infants born before 32 weeks gestation. Direct hernias occur in older patients as a result of relaxation of abdominal wall musculature and thinning of the fascia.

• #28 Pediatric Hernias: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/932680-overview

  Although the exact incidence of indirect inguinal hernia in infants and children is unknown, the reported incidence ranges from 1-5%. Sixty percent of hernias occur on the right side. Premature infants are at increased risk for inguinal hernia, with incidence rates of 2% in females and 7-30% in males. Approximately 5% of all males develop a hernia during their lifetime. […] A study that evaluated the incidence of inguinal hernia in almost 80,000 children found that the cumulative incidence of inguinal hernia from birth to 15 years of age was 6.62% in males and 0.74% in females. […] International incidence rates are similar to those in the United States. […] Inguinal hernia appears to occur equally among races. Umbilical hernias, on the other hand, appear to be more common in Blacks than in other races.

• #29 The global, regional, and national burden and its trends of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia from 1990 to 2019: findings from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study – a cross-sectional study

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10389329/

  Inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia repairs are the most common surgical procedure worldwide. However, studies on hernia disease burden are notably limited, in both developed and low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We investigated temporal trends in the incidence and prevalence of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias at global, regional, and national levels in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019 using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019). […] Globally, there were 32.53 million [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 27.7137.79] prevalent cases and 13.02 million (10.6815.49) incident cases of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias in 2019, which increased by 36.00% and 63.67%, respectively, compared with 1990. […] The global incident cases and prevalent cases of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias increased substantially from 1990 to 2019, with a heavier burden observed in males, older adults, and in LMICs such as India and China. In addition, the ASIR and ASPR increased substantially in Central Sub-Saharan Africa. More efforts are warranted for hernia management to reduce the burden of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias, such as by providing safe hernia surgical treatment for males, older adults, and LMICs. […] The worldwide age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized prevalence rate of hernias gradually decreased from 1990 to 2019. […] The age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized prevalence rate increased substantially in Central Sub-Saharan Africa.

• #30 The global, regional, and national burden and its trends of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia from 1990 to 2019: findings from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study – a cross-sectional study

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10389329/

  Inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia repairs are the most common surgical procedure worldwide. However, studies on hernia disease burden are notably limited, in both developed and low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We investigated temporal trends in the incidence and prevalence of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias at global, regional, and national levels in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019 using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019). […] Globally, there were 32.53 million [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 27.7137.79] prevalent cases and 13.02 million (10.6815.49) incident cases of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias in 2019, which increased by 36.00% and 63.67%, respectively, compared with 1990. […] The global incident cases and prevalent cases of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias increased substantially from 1990 to 2019, with a heavier burden observed in males, older adults, and in LMICs such as India and China. In addition, the ASIR and ASPR increased substantially in Central Sub-Saharan Africa. More efforts are warranted for hernia management to reduce the burden of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias, such as by providing safe hernia surgical treatment for males, older adults, and LMICs. […] The worldwide age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized prevalence rate of hernias gradually decreased from 1990 to 2019. […] The age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized prevalence rate increased substantially in Central Sub-Saharan Africa.

• #31 The global, regional, and national burden and its trends of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia from 1990 to 2019: findings from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study – a cross-sectional study

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10389329/

  Inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia repairs are the most common surgical procedure worldwide. However, studies on hernia disease burden are notably limited, in both developed and low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We investigated temporal trends in the incidence and prevalence of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias at global, regional, and national levels in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019 using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019). […] Globally, there were 32.53 million [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 27.7137.79] prevalent cases and 13.02 million (10.6815.49) incident cases of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias in 2019, which increased by 36.00% and 63.67%, respectively, compared with 1990. […] The global incident cases and prevalent cases of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias increased substantially from 1990 to 2019, with a heavier burden observed in males, older adults, and in LMICs such as India and China. In addition, the ASIR and ASPR increased substantially in Central Sub-Saharan Africa. More efforts are warranted for hernia management to reduce the burden of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias, such as by providing safe hernia surgical treatment for males, older adults, and LMICs. […] The worldwide age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized prevalence rate of hernias gradually decreased from 1990 to 2019. […] The age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized prevalence rate increased substantially in Central Sub-Saharan Africa.

• #32 Hiatal hernia – epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic • Postępy Nauk Medycznych 5/2018 • Czytelnia Medyczna BORGIS

  https://www.czytelniamedyczna.pl/6473,hiatal-hernia-epidemiology-pathogenesis-diagnostic.html

  Hiatal hernia epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic Przepukliny przeponowe epidemiologia, patogeneza, diagnostyka Przeanalizowano epidemiologi wystpowania przepuklin rozworu przeykowego, ich patogenez, symptomatologi, najczciej stosowane metody diagnostyczne oraz moliwoci terapeutyczne. Epidemiology The frequency of occurrence of hiatal hernia increases along with age. Actual frequency of occurrence of hiatal hernia may only be estimated due to the fact that it brings only mild or no symptoms, and diagnostic criteria may differ. Clinical estimations report that approximately 50-60% of patients over 50 years old suffer from hiatal hernia. The frequency of occurrence of symptomatic cases of hiatal hernia is strictly connected with the recognition of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) due to the fact that both those conditions are strongly correlated. Approximately 9% of hiatal hernias are symptomatic. Sliding hiatal hernia (type I) are significantly more frequent and consist of 90-95% of cases, esophageal type (type II) consists of only 5% where LES remains below the diaphragm and the stomach is relocated to the thorax. Hiatal hernias occur the most frequently in highly developed countries of Northern America and Western Europe, and the most rarely in African and Eastern populations.

• #33 Classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/classification-clinical-features-and-diagnosis-of-inguinal-and-femoral-hernias-in-adults/print

  Hernias are among the oldest recorded afflictions of humankind. A hernia is defined as a protrusion, bulge, or projection of an organ or a part of an organ through the body wall that normally contains it. Collectively, inguinal and femoral hernias are known as groin hernias. […] The epidemiology, pathogenesis, classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias will be reviewed. […] The lifetime prevalence of groin hernias is estimated to be 27 to 43 percent in males and 3 to 6 percent in females. Groin hernias are the most common surgical condition encountered by primary care clinicians, with 1.6 million diagnosed annually and 500,000 undergoing operative repair in the United States. Worldwide, 20 million groin hernia repairs are performed annually, and inguinal hernia repair is the most common of all abdominal wall hernia operations.

• #34 Classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/classification-clinical-features-and-diagnosis-of-inguinal-and-femoral-hernias-in-adults/print

  Hernias are among the oldest recorded afflictions of humankind. A hernia is defined as a protrusion, bulge, or projection of an organ or a part of an organ through the body wall that normally contains it. Collectively, inguinal and femoral hernias are known as groin hernias. […] The epidemiology, pathogenesis, classification, clinical features, and diagnosis of inguinal and femoral hernias will be reviewed. […] The lifetime prevalence of groin hernias is estimated to be 27 to 43 percent in males and 3 to 6 percent in females. Groin hernias are the most common surgical condition encountered by primary care clinicians, with 1.6 million diagnosed annually and 500,000 undergoing operative repair in the United States. Worldwide, 20 million groin hernia repairs are performed annually, and inguinal hernia repair is the most common of all abdominal wall hernia operations.

• #35 Inguinal hernia – epidemiology, risk factors, treatment methods (literature review) | Oorzhak | Acta Biomedica Scientifica

  https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/2994?locale=en_US

  Inguinal hernias (IH) are widespread in the human population and occur in 27-43% of men and 3-6% of women. […] Many risk factors for IH have been overestimated in the last decade: male gender is considered the leading factor (the ratio between men and women is approximately 1:7), less significant factors are heredity (most significant for women), physical activity (more significant for men), age (peak prevalence of IH occurs at 5 years and 70-80 years), congenital or acquired connective tissue dysplasia, history of prostatectomy, low body mass index. […] Hernioplasty with the use of synthetic mesh prostheses remains the most popular technique for surgical correction of IH. […] In open hernioplasty using mesh prostheses, different methods are used today: Plug Patch, Prolene Hernia System, Parietene Progrip, sutureless plastic according to Trabucco, Stoppa, preperitoneal techniques TIPP (trans-inguinal pre-peritoneal), TREPP (transrectus pre-peritoneal), TEP (total extraperitoneal), however, none of them showed significant advantages over the gold standard of open hernioplasty tension-free repair according to Liechtenstein.

• #36 Inguinal Hernia Epidemiology | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-43045-4_4

  Inguinal hernia is the most common abdominal wall hernia. Although 50 % of patients with an inguinal hernia are unaware of this, repair of inguinal hernia is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide. Inguinal hernias occur more often in men and with increasing incidence at advanced age. The lifetime risk of developing inguinal hernia is approximately 25 % for men. Development of inguinal hernia is associated with several factors of which inheritance predominates. Low body mass index, chronic constipation, EhlersDanlos syndrome, and prostatectomy are additional risk factors, whereas it is still debatable if certain occupations influence on inguinal hernia formation. The recurrence rate after inguinal hernia repair is 38 %. Experienced surgeons and those with more than five procedures yearly have fewer recurrences. A number of intraoperative aspects are related to hernia recurrence. Finally, obesity and smoking are patient-related factors that increase the risk of inguinal hernia recurrence.

• #37 Inguinal hernia – epidemiology, risk factors, treatment methods (literature review) | Oorzhak | Acta Biomedica Scientifica

  https://www.actabiomedica.ru/jour/article/view/2994?locale=en_US

  Inguinal hernias (IH) are widespread in the human population and occur in 27-43% of men and 3-6% of women. […] Many risk factors for IH have been overestimated in the last decade: male gender is considered the leading factor (the ratio between men and women is approximately 1:7), less significant factors are heredity (most significant for women), physical activity (more significant for men), age (peak prevalence of IH occurs at 5 years and 70-80 years), congenital or acquired connective tissue dysplasia, history of prostatectomy, low body mass index. […] Hernioplasty with the use of synthetic mesh prostheses remains the most popular technique for surgical correction of IH. […] In open hernioplasty using mesh prostheses, different methods are used today: Plug Patch, Prolene Hernia System, Parietene Progrip, sutureless plastic according to Trabucco, Stoppa, preperitoneal techniques TIPP (trans-inguinal pre-peritoneal), TREPP (transrectus pre-peritoneal), TEP (total extraperitoneal), however, none of them showed significant advantages over the gold standard of open hernioplasty tension-free repair according to Liechtenstein.

• #38 Inguinal Hernia Epidemiology | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-43045-4_4

  Inguinal hernia is the most common abdominal wall hernia. Although 50 % of patients with an inguinal hernia are unaware of this, repair of inguinal hernia is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide. Inguinal hernias occur more often in men and with increasing incidence at advanced age. The lifetime risk of developing inguinal hernia is approximately 25 % for men. Development of inguinal hernia is associated with several factors of which inheritance predominates. Low body mass index, chronic constipation, EhlersDanlos syndrome, and prostatectomy are additional risk factors, whereas it is still debatable if certain occupations influence on inguinal hernia formation. The recurrence rate after inguinal hernia repair is 38 %. Experienced surgeons and those with more than five procedures yearly have fewer recurrences. A number of intraoperative aspects are related to hernia recurrence. Finally, obesity and smoking are patient-related factors that increase the risk of inguinal hernia recurrence.

• #39 Inguinal Hernia Epidemiology | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-43045-4_4

  Inguinal hernia is the most common abdominal wall hernia. Although 50 % of patients with an inguinal hernia are unaware of this, repair of inguinal hernia is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide. Inguinal hernias occur more often in men and with increasing incidence at advanced age. The lifetime risk of developing inguinal hernia is approximately 25 % for men. Development of inguinal hernia is associated with several factors of which inheritance predominates. Low body mass index, chronic constipation, EhlersDanlos syndrome, and prostatectomy are additional risk factors, whereas it is still debatable if certain occupations influence on inguinal hernia formation. The recurrence rate after inguinal hernia repair is 38 %. Experienced surgeons and those with more than five procedures yearly have fewer recurrences. A number of intraoperative aspects are related to hernia recurrence. Finally, obesity and smoking are patient-related factors that increase the risk of inguinal hernia recurrence.

• #40 Umar Rehman, Wardah Mumtaz, Fazal-E-Nauman, Zahid Saeed, Arshid Mahmood

  http://pjmhsonline.com/published-issues/2021/september/92854

  Abdominal wall hernia is a communal surgical intervention complication with groin hernia being the most commonly presented hernia around the world. […] The purpose of the current study was to assess the epidemiological profile and clinical experience of abdominal wall hernia in tertiary care hospital, Pakistan. […] The overall mean age of patients was 44.6 5.6 with age ranges from 16 years to 72 years. […] The male to female ratio was 3.34:1. […] The prevalence of emergency-based operated hernia patients was 40 (19.8%). […] The most common operated abdominal wall hernia was groin hernia in 162 (80.4%) followed by umbilical, epigastric, paraumbilical, and rarer hernia with respective prevalence 20 (9.9%), 8 (3.9%), 10 (4.9%), and 2 (0.9%). […] The prevalence of predisposing factors were ascites in 3 (1.3%), prostatic problems 46 (20.4%), chronic cough 113 (50%), previous surgeries 20 (8.8%), chronic constipation 41 (18.4%), and obesity 3 (1.3%).

• #41 Clinical features, diagnosis, and prevention of incisional hernias – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-features-diagnosis-and-prevention-of-incisional-hernias

  Incisional hernia occurs in approximately 10 to 15 percent of patients with a prior abdominal incision. It can develop after any type of incision, including midline, paramedian, subcostal, McBurney, Pfannenstiel, and flank incisions. The incidence depends upon the location and size of the incisions: […] Midline incisions have the highest incidences of incisional hernias (3 to 20 percent). In a systematic review, the risk of incisional hernia was higher for midline incisions than transverse incisions (relative risk [RR] 1.77, 95% CI 1.09-2.87) and paramedian incisions (RR 3.41, 95% CI 1.02-11.45), respectively. […] Vertical incisions have a higher risk for hernia than transverse/oblique incisions, and upper abdominal incisions are more susceptible to hernia than lower abdominal incisions.

• #42 Clinical features, diagnosis, and prevention of incisional hernias – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-features-diagnosis-and-prevention-of-incisional-hernias

  Incisional hernia occurs in approximately 10 to 15 percent of patients with a prior abdominal incision. It can develop after any type of incision, including midline, paramedian, subcostal, McBurney, Pfannenstiel, and flank incisions. The incidence depends upon the location and size of the incisions: […] Midline incisions have the highest incidences of incisional hernias (3 to 20 percent). In a systematic review, the risk of incisional hernia was higher for midline incisions than transverse incisions (relative risk [RR] 1.77, 95% CI 1.09-2.87) and paramedian incisions (RR 3.41, 95% CI 1.02-11.45), respectively. […] Vertical incisions have a higher risk for hernia than transverse/oblique incisions, and upper abdominal incisions are more susceptible to hernia than lower abdominal incisions.

• #43 Inguinal Hernia Epidemiology | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-43045-4_4

  Inguinal hernia is the most common abdominal wall hernia. Although 50 % of patients with an inguinal hernia are unaware of this, repair of inguinal hernia is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide. Inguinal hernias occur more often in men and with increasing incidence at advanced age. The lifetime risk of developing inguinal hernia is approximately 25 % for men. Development of inguinal hernia is associated with several factors of which inheritance predominates. Low body mass index, chronic constipation, EhlersDanlos syndrome, and prostatectomy are additional risk factors, whereas it is still debatable if certain occupations influence on inguinal hernia formation. The recurrence rate after inguinal hernia repair is 38 %. Experienced surgeons and those with more than five procedures yearly have fewer recurrences. A number of intraoperative aspects are related to hernia recurrence. Finally, obesity and smoking are patient-related factors that increase the risk of inguinal hernia recurrence.

• #44 Inguinal Hernia Epidemiology | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-43045-4_4

  Inguinal hernia is the most common abdominal wall hernia. Although 50 % of patients with an inguinal hernia are unaware of this, repair of inguinal hernia is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide. Inguinal hernias occur more often in men and with increasing incidence at advanced age. The lifetime risk of developing inguinal hernia is approximately 25 % for men. Development of inguinal hernia is associated with several factors of which inheritance predominates. Low body mass index, chronic constipation, EhlersDanlos syndrome, and prostatectomy are additional risk factors, whereas it is still debatable if certain occupations influence on inguinal hernia formation. The recurrence rate after inguinal hernia repair is 38 %. Experienced surgeons and those with more than five procedures yearly have fewer recurrences. A number of intraoperative aspects are related to hernia recurrence. Finally, obesity and smoking are patient-related factors that increase the risk of inguinal hernia recurrence.

• #45 A general practitioner primer on groin hernias

  https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2018/august/general-practitioner-primer-on-groin-hernias

  Inguinal hernias are up to 10 times more common than femoral hernias and occur predominantly in males.13 Femoral hernias are several times more frequent in women.1,2 The incidence of repair of all groin hernia types increases with age.3 […] Other risk factors for primary groin hernias include family history, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, smoking, low body mass index, chronically raised intra-abdominal pressure and collagen vascular disease.4,5 Heavy lifting per se is not conclusively associated with groin hernia incidence.6 […] Recurrence is the main late complication. Depending on follow-up duration, rates following primary inguinal hernia repair are up to 15%,25 although actual reoperation rates are usually less.26 Determinants of recurrence are similar to those for primary hernias but also include technical expertise, which is a function of a surgeons case volume or specialisation.27

• #46 Inguinal Hernia Epidemiology | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-43045-4_4

  Inguinal hernia is the most common abdominal wall hernia. Although 50 % of patients with an inguinal hernia are unaware of this, repair of inguinal hernia is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide. Inguinal hernias occur more often in men and with increasing incidence at advanced age. The lifetime risk of developing inguinal hernia is approximately 25 % for men. Development of inguinal hernia is associated with several factors of which inheritance predominates. Low body mass index, chronic constipation, EhlersDanlos syndrome, and prostatectomy are additional risk factors, whereas it is still debatable if certain occupations influence on inguinal hernia formation. The recurrence rate after inguinal hernia repair is 38 %. Experienced surgeons and those with more than five procedures yearly have fewer recurrences. A number of intraoperative aspects are related to hernia recurrence. Finally, obesity and smoking are patient-related factors that increase the risk of inguinal hernia recurrence.

• #47 A general practitioner primer on groin hernias

  https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2018/august/general-practitioner-primer-on-groin-hernias

  Inguinal hernias are up to 10 times more common than femoral hernias and occur predominantly in males.13 Femoral hernias are several times more frequent in women.1,2 The incidence of repair of all groin hernia types increases with age.3 […] Other risk factors for primary groin hernias include family history, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, smoking, low body mass index, chronically raised intra-abdominal pressure and collagen vascular disease.4,5 Heavy lifting per se is not conclusively associated with groin hernia incidence.6 […] Recurrence is the main late complication. Depending on follow-up duration, rates following primary inguinal hernia repair are up to 15%,25 although actual reoperation rates are usually less.26 Determinants of recurrence are similar to those for primary hernias but also include technical expertise, which is a function of a surgeons case volume or specialisation.27

• #48

  https://www.ajol.info/index.php/eamj/article/view/205328

  Recurrent inguinal hernia: Epidemiology and outcomes of surgical repair in a resource-limited setting […] This study aimed to document some aspects of the epidemiology and the outcomes of surgical repair of recurrent inguinal hernia in our institution. […] The recurrence rate was 2.3%. Obesity (p=0.033), wound infection (p=0.003), prolonged length of hospital stays (p=0.036) and suture-based repair (p=0.048) were independently and significantly associated with hernia recurrence. […] The main predictors of recurrence after repair were obesity, wound infection and non-mesh repair method.

• #49 RECURRENT INGUINAL HERNIA: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND OUTCOMES OF SURGICAL REPAIR IN A RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTING. | EBSCOhost

  https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&profile=ehost&scope=site&authtype=crawler&jrnl=0012835X&AN=150098108&h=GmS%2BtTqYmhh%2FSNHjNrOdRi%2FkLD0qL%2FUMZZ6rC4nZdKGteDnU8iQffTrWJfwhdclMnHx8Uym27CIDkSVW%2B%2FCqWA%3D%3D&crl=c

  RECURRENT INGUINAL HERNIA: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND OUTCOMES OF SURGICAL REPAIR IN A RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTING. […] This study aimed to document some aspects of the epidemiology and the outcomes of surgical repair of recurrent inguinal hernia in our institution. […] The recurrence rate was 2.3%. […] Obesity (p=0.033), wound infection (p=0.003), prolonged length of hospital stays (p=0.036) and suture-based repair (p=0.048) were independently and significantly associated with hernia recurrence. […] Many patients with recurrent inguinal hernia have associated comorbidities. […] Repair was associated with high postoperative adverse outcomes. […] The main predictors of recurrence after repair were obesity, wound infection and non-mesh repair method.

• #50 Mesh surveillance after hernia repair – Helgstrand – Laparoscopic Surgery

  https://ls.amegroups.org/article/view/6361/html

  In recent years it has been shown that long-term follow-up after hernia repairs are mandatory in order to evaluate outcome, and that the reduced risk for hernia recurrence, may be on the expense of increased complications over time (6). […] New regulations demanding more pre-marketing data and continuous post-marketing surveillance in Europe has now been initiated to be fully implemented in 2022 (14). […] Given the opportunity to combine systematic perioperative data from a well-established clinical database with long-term data from nationwide health-related registries, it seems that such registries are the most cost-effective tools for mesh surveillance (17).

• #51 Mesh surveillance after hernia repair – Helgstrand – Laparoscopic Surgery

  https://ls.amegroups.org/article/view/6361/html

  In recent years it has been shown that long-term follow-up after hernia repairs are mandatory in order to evaluate outcome, and that the reduced risk for hernia recurrence, may be on the expense of increased complications over time (6). […] New regulations demanding more pre-marketing data and continuous post-marketing surveillance in Europe has now been initiated to be fully implemented in 2022 (14). […] Given the opportunity to combine systematic perioperative data from a well-established clinical database with long-term data from nationwide health-related registries, it seems that such registries are the most cost-effective tools for mesh surveillance (17).

• #52 Post-market mesh surveillance and automated prediction of outcome of ventral hernia surgery in 3 European countries

  https://research.kuleuven.be/portal/en/project/3M210319

  Apart from data from RCTs, registry data are an important source for outcome measurement after surgical treatment. This is also true in hernia surgery, especially with the implementation of the European Medical Device Regulation in May 2021 and increased public awareness about possible deleterious outcomes of the use of some medical devices (breast implants, pelvic floor devices). […] The most sophisticated high quality and validated registry for ventral hernias in the world is developed and used by the Danish Hernia Database (DHD). […] The Ventral Hernia Database (VHD), as part of the DHD, covers nearly all ventral hernias (umbilical, epigastric, incisional and parastomal hernia) treated in Denmark and evaluates systematically short-term outcome data (length of stay, 90d readmission rate, 90d reoperation rate for complications and 90d mortality) with automatic registration of administrative data.

• #53 Post-market mesh surveillance and automated prediction of outcome of ventral hernia surgery in 3 European countries

  https://research.kuleuven.be/portal/en/project/3M210319

  Since the Belgian health care system also uses a unique patient identification number all over the country, the Belgian Section of Abdominal Wall Surgery (BSAWS) decided to develop a comparable quality control mechanism, in close collaboration with the Danish Hernia Database and the Belgian health authorities. […] Outcome will be evaluated in exactly the same way, until death or emigration out of Belgium, by using the comparable ICD-10-CM and ICD-10-PCS coding as in Denmark. […] This WP should ideally be lead by IT experts and engineers involved in European integration of health records. […] The purpose is also, as in WP1, to integrate these data in existing local/regional/national electronic health records. […] The analysis of all these data will be used in sophisticated machine learning analyses to evaluate mesh performance on one hand, and develop prediction models for patient reported outcome on the other hand. […] The integration of different modules (operation report of index surgery, questionnaires, operation reports of reoperations) and the integration in local/regional/national health records should improve its use by surgeons.

• #54 Post-market mesh surveillance and automated prediction of outcome of ventral hernia surgery in 3 European countries

  https://research.kuleuven.be/portal/en/project/3M210319

  Since the Belgian health care system also uses a unique patient identification number all over the country, the Belgian Section of Abdominal Wall Surgery (BSAWS) decided to develop a comparable quality control mechanism, in close collaboration with the Danish Hernia Database and the Belgian health authorities. […] Outcome will be evaluated in exactly the same way, until death or emigration out of Belgium, by using the comparable ICD-10-CM and ICD-10-PCS coding as in Denmark. […] This WP should ideally be lead by IT experts and engineers involved in European integration of health records. […] The purpose is also, as in WP1, to integrate these data in existing local/regional/national electronic health records. […] The analysis of all these data will be used in sophisticated machine learning analyses to evaluate mesh performance on one hand, and develop prediction models for patient reported outcome on the other hand. […] The integration of different modules (operation report of index surgery, questionnaires, operation reports of reoperations) and the integration in local/regional/national health records should improve its use by surgeons.

• #55 Post-market mesh surveillance and automated prediction of outcome of ventral hernia surgery in 3 European countries

  https://research.kuleuven.be/portal/en/project/3M210319

  Since the Belgian health care system also uses a unique patient identification number all over the country, the Belgian Section of Abdominal Wall Surgery (BSAWS) decided to develop a comparable quality control mechanism, in close collaboration with the Danish Hernia Database and the Belgian health authorities. […] Outcome will be evaluated in exactly the same way, until death or emigration out of Belgium, by using the comparable ICD-10-CM and ICD-10-PCS coding as in Denmark. […] This WP should ideally be lead by IT experts and engineers involved in European integration of health records. […] The purpose is also, as in WP1, to integrate these data in existing local/regional/national electronic health records. […] The analysis of all these data will be used in sophisticated machine learning analyses to evaluate mesh performance on one hand, and develop prediction models for patient reported outcome on the other hand. […] The integration of different modules (operation report of index surgery, questionnaires, operation reports of reoperations) and the integration in local/regional/national health records should improve its use by surgeons.

• #56 Update: Incidence of Inguinal Hernia and Repair Procedures and Rate of Subsequent Pain Diagnoses, Active Component Service Members, U.S. Armed Forces, 2010–2019 | Health.mil

  https://www.health.mil/News/Articles/2020/09/01/Update-Incidence-of-Inguinal-Hernia-MSMR-2020?type=Fact+Sheets

  What Are the New Findings? The crude rate of incident inguinal hernia diagnoses between 2010 and 2019 among U.S. active component service members was 34.3 per 10,000 person-years, with a modest decline over the surveillance period. Among the 44,898 incident inguinal hernia diagnoses, 22,349 were followed by an open or laparoscopic repair and among these, 6,276 (28.1%) had a pain diagnosis within 1 year. […] For service members, inguinal hernias can result in reduced operational readiness due to lost duty time or medical evacuation from theater. Persistent pain from hernia repair surgeries can interfere with job duties and requirements for meeting standards of physical fitness. This study identifies subgroups of service members at higher risk for inguinal hernia and subsequent pain diagnosis.

• #57 Update: Incidence of Inguinal Hernia and Repair Procedures and Rate of Subsequent Pain Diagnoses, Active Component Service Members, U.S. Armed Forces, 2010–2019 | Health.mil

  https://health.mil/News/Articles/2020/09/01/Update-Incidence-of-Inguinal-Hernia-MSMR-2020?type=Fact+Sheets

  What Are the New Findings? The crude rate of incident inguinal hernia diagnoses between 2010 and 2019 among U.S. active component service members was 34.3 per 10,000 person-years, with a modest decline over the surveillance period. Among the 44,898 incident inguinal hernia diagnoses, 22,349 were followed by an open or laparoscopic repair and among these, 6,276 (28.1%) had a pain diagnosis within 1 year. […] For service members, inguinal hernias can result in reduced operational readiness due to lost duty time or medical evacuation from theater. Persistent pain from hernia repair surgeries can interfere with job duties and requirements for meeting standards of physical fitness. This study identifies subgroups of service members at higher risk for inguinal hernia and subsequent pain diagnosis.

• #58 Update: Incidence of Inguinal Hernia and Repair Procedures and Rate of Subsequent Pain Diagnoses, Active Component Service Members, U.S. Armed Forces, 2010–2019 | Health.mil

  https://www.health.mil/News/Articles/2020/09/01/Update-Incidence-of-Inguinal-Hernia-MSMR-2020?type=Fact+Sheets

  This study found that the overall incidence rate of inguinal hernia diagnoses among active component service members was 34.3 per 10,000 p-yrs between 2010 and 2019. In addition, older service members, males, non-Hispanic whites, and those in combat-specific occupations had comparatively higher rates of incident inguinal hernia diagnoses. […] For service members, inguinal hernias can result in reduced operational readiness, and persistent pain from hernia repair surgeries can interfere with job duties and physical fitness requirements. Service members at higher risk for pain following hernia repair, such as female service members, younger personnel, those with prior abdominal or groin pain diagnoses, and those with prior repair procedures, should be monitored and treated according to best practice guidelines if the pain does not subside.

• #59 Update: Incidence of Inguinal Hernia and Repair Procedures and Rate of Subsequent Pain Diagnoses, Active Component Service Members, U.S. Armed Forces, 2010–2019 | Health.mil

  https://health.mil/News/Articles/2020/09/01/Update-Incidence-of-Inguinal-Hernia-MSMR-2020?type=Fact+Sheets

  This study found that the overall incidence rate of inguinal hernia diagnoses among active component service members was 34.3 per 10,000 p-yrs between 2010 and 2019. In addition, older service members, males, non-Hispanic whites, and those in combat-specific occupations had comparatively higher rates of incident inguinal hernia diagnoses. […] During the 10-year surveillance period, open repair remained the most common procedure type overall, and was performed at a rate of 17.6 per 100 p-yrs following inguinal hernia diagnosis, compared to 14.7 per 100 p-yrs for laparoscopic repair. However, by 2019, a greater proportion of inguinal hernias were being treated by laparascopy (28.4%) than by open repair (21.6%). […] For service members, inguinal hernias can result in reduced operational readiness, and persistent pain from hernia repair surgeries can interfere with job duties and physical fitness requirements. Service members at higher risk for pain following hernia repair, such as female service members, younger personnel, those with prior abdominal or groin pain diagnoses, and those with prior repair procedures, should be monitored and treated according to best practice guidelines if the pain does not subside.

• #60 Congenital diaphragmatic hernia surveillance

  https://hse.aws.openrepository.com/handle/10147/326236

  Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) is a rare congenital disorder as a result of deficient development of the diaphragm with resultant herniation of abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity, mal-development of the alveoli and pulmonary vessels. The incidence of CDH ranges from 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 15,000 births. […] There is no mandatory reporting of CDH cases in the Republic of Ireland (ROI) and Northern Ireland (NI). Voluntary case reporting to the Irish Paediatric Surveillance Unit (IPSU) started in January 2010.

• #61 Congenital diaphragmatic hernia surveillance

  https://www.lenus.ie/handle/10147/326236?show=full

  Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) is a rare congenital disorder as a result of deficient development of the diaphragm with resultant herniation of abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity, mal-development of the alveoli and pulmonary vessels. The incidence of CDH ranges from 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 15,000 births. Due to the legislation in Ireland against termination of pregnancy it was suggested that there may be an increased incidence of CDH. There is no mandatory reporting of CDH cases in the Republic of Ireland (ROI) and Northern Ireland (NI). Voluntary case reporting to the Irish Paediatric Surveillance Unit (IPSU) started in January 2010.

• #62 Congenital diaphragmatic hernia surveillance

  https://www.lenus.ie/handle/10147/326236?show=full

  Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) is a rare congenital disorder as a result of deficient development of the diaphragm with resultant herniation of abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity, mal-development of the alveoli and pulmonary vessels. The incidence of CDH ranges from 1 in 2,000 to 1 in 15,000 births. Due to the legislation in Ireland against termination of pregnancy it was suggested that there may be an increased incidence of CDH. There is no mandatory reporting of CDH cases in the Republic of Ireland (ROI) and Northern Ireland (NI). Voluntary case reporting to the Irish Paediatric Surveillance Unit (IPSU) started in January 2010.

• #63

  https://journal.gcps.edu.gh/index.php/pmjg/article/view/92

  In Ghana inguinal hernia is a very common cause of considerable morbidity and significant mortality especially in rural communities. […] To perform a brief review of the published data on the epidemiology of and the surgical output on inguinal hernia in Ghana. […] Based on this data inguinal hernia is very prevalent in Ghana. However, surgical correction rates are very low leaving many men with longstanding untreated inguinal hernias. […] Inguinal hernia is very prevalent in Ghanaian men in both urban and rural communities. Access to hernia repair surgery is limited by patient education, health care costs and health facility capacity.

• #64

  https://journal.gcps.edu.gh/index.php/pmjg/article/view/92

  In Ghana inguinal hernia is a very common cause of considerable morbidity and significant mortality especially in rural communities. […] To perform a brief review of the published data on the epidemiology of and the surgical output on inguinal hernia in Ghana. […] Based on this data inguinal hernia is very prevalent in Ghana. However, surgical correction rates are very low leaving many men with longstanding untreated inguinal hernias. […] Inguinal hernia is very prevalent in Ghanaian men in both urban and rural communities. Access to hernia repair surgery is limited by patient education, health care costs and health facility capacity.

• #65

  https://journals.lww.com/international-journal-of-surgery/fulltext/2024/04000/global,_regional,_and_national_burden_of_inguinal,.9.aspx

  Hernias, particularly inguinal, femoral, and abdominal, present a global health challenge. While the global burden of disease (GBD) study offers insights, systematic analyses of hernias remain limited. This research utilizes the GBD dataset to explore hernia implications, combining current statistics with 2030 projections and frontier analysis. […] From 1990 to 2019, the global prevalence of hernia cases surged by 36%, reaching over 32.5 million, even as age-standardized rates declined. A similar pattern was seen in mortality and DALYs, with absolute figures rising but age-standardized rates decreasing. […] Predictions up to 2030 anticipate increasing hernia prevalence, predominantly in males, while age-standardized death rates and age-standardized DALY rates are expected to decline. […] Our analysis reveals a complex interplay between socio-demographic factors and hernia trends, emphasizing the need for targeted healthcare interventions. Despite advancements, vigilance and continuous research are essential for optimal hernia management globally.

• #66

  https://journals.lww.com/international-journal-of-surgery/fulltext/2024/04000/global,_regional,_and_national_burden_of_inguinal,.9.aspx

  The 2019 global burden of disease study sheds light on global hernia trends, with cases rising over three decades despite declining age-standardized rates. […] Predictions until 2030 indicate an increase in hernia prevalence, particularly among males, with a simultaneous expected decrease in hernia-related death rates and disability-adjusted life years. […] The global burden of disease (GBD) study offers an invaluable platform for assessing the health impacts of a plethora of diseases and injuries. […] The dynamic nature of disease patterns necessitates not just an understanding of the current scenario but also a forward-looking perspective. Projections, especially those extending a decade into the future, allow stakeholders to allocate resources, strategize healthcare priorities, and implement preventive measures with an informed foundation.

• #67

  https://journals.lww.com/international-journal-of-surgery/fulltext/2024/04000/global,_regional,_and_national_burden_of_inguinal,.9.aspx

  Our study utilized data from the 2019 GBD Study, which employed DisMod-MR 2.1 to synthesize varied epidemiological data on non-fatal conditions, including inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia. […] Our data analysis began with an exploration of the datasets structure, calculating counts and rates for key measures such as prevalence, incidence, deaths, and DALYs of hernias on global, regional, and national levels. […] Between 1990 and 2019, global hernia prevalence saw a 36% absolute rise, with cases increasing from nearly 23.92 million to 32.53 million. […] The SDI categorizes regions into quintiles: low (00.454743), low-middle (0.4547430.607679), middle (0.6076790.689504), high-middle (0.6895040.805129), and high (0.8051291). […] The overall downward trend in DALYs was captured by an AAPC of 1.27%. […] The relationship between the SDI and hernia health outcomes is strikingly negative, particularly for hernia-related deaths and DALYs, underscoring the beneficial impact of higher SDIs on reducing mortality and morbidity from hernias.

• #68

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10029-011-0879-9

  Ventral hernia repair (VHR) lacks standardization of care and exhibits variation in delivery. […] We analyzed national trends for VHR performance and associated costs to demonstrate potential savings resulting from an improvement in outcomes. […] The number of inpatient VHRs increased from 126,548 in 2001 to 154,278 in 2006. […] Including 193,543 outpatient operations, an estimated 348,000 VHRs were performed for 2006. […] VHRs continue to rise in incidence and cost. […] Further research is necessary for improved understanding of ventral hernia etiology and treatment and is critical to cost effective healthcare.

• #69

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10029-011-0879-9

  Ventral hernia repair (VHR) lacks standardization of care and exhibits variation in delivery. […] We analyzed national trends for VHR performance and associated costs to demonstrate potential savings resulting from an improvement in outcomes. […] The number of inpatient VHRs increased from 126,548 in 2001 to 154,278 in 2006. […] Including 193,543 outpatient operations, an estimated 348,000 VHRs were performed for 2006. […] VHRs continue to rise in incidence and cost. […] Further research is necessary for improved understanding of ventral hernia etiology and treatment and is critical to cost effective healthcare.

• #70

  https://journals.lww.com/rhaw/fulltext/2023/06010/epidemiology_and_treatment_of_groin_and_ventral.4.aspx

  To describe epidemiological, therapeutic, and prognostic aspects of groin and ventral hernia in adults at Zinder National Hospital. […] A total of 921 patients were included. In these patients, groin hernia was present in 78.8% (n = 726), umbilical hernia in 13.25% (n = 122), linea alba hernia in 7.3% (n = 67), and Spiegels hernia in 6 cases (0.65%). […] Worldwide, groin and abdominal hernias affect a large proportion of the population. […] Inguinal hernias are the most common, occurring in 7/10 of cases. […] Delayed treatment due to a variety of factors is leading to significant morbidity and mortality in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in rural communities. […] The number of complicated or historical forms in Africa has been reduced by resilience measures, with the promotion of rural and outpatient surgery.

• #71

  https://journals.lww.com/rhaw/fulltext/2023/06010/epidemiology_and_treatment_of_groin_and_ventral.4.aspx

  To describe epidemiological, therapeutic, and prognostic aspects of groin and ventral hernia in adults at Zinder National Hospital. […] A total of 921 patients were included. In these patients, groin hernia was present in 78.8% (n = 726), umbilical hernia in 13.25% (n = 122), linea alba hernia in 7.3% (n = 67), and Spiegels hernia in 6 cases (0.65%). […] Worldwide, groin and abdominal hernias affect a large proportion of the population. […] Inguinal hernias are the most common, occurring in 7/10 of cases. […] Delayed treatment due to a variety of factors is leading to significant morbidity and mortality in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in rural communities. […] The number of complicated or historical forms in Africa has been reduced by resilience measures, with the promotion of rural and outpatient surgery.

• #72 The global, regional, and national burden and its trends of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia from 1990 to 2019: findings from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study – a cross-sectional study

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10389329/

  Inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernia repairs are the most common surgical procedure worldwide. However, studies on hernia disease burden are notably limited, in both developed and low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We investigated temporal trends in the incidence and prevalence of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias at global, regional, and national levels in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019 using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019). […] Globally, there were 32.53 million [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 27.7137.79] prevalent cases and 13.02 million (10.6815.49) incident cases of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias in 2019, which increased by 36.00% and 63.67%, respectively, compared with 1990. […] The global incident cases and prevalent cases of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias increased substantially from 1990 to 2019, with a heavier burden observed in males, older adults, and in LMICs such as India and China. In addition, the ASIR and ASPR increased substantially in Central Sub-Saharan Africa. More efforts are warranted for hernia management to reduce the burden of inguinal, femoral, and abdominal hernias, such as by providing safe hernia surgical treatment for males, older adults, and LMICs. […] The worldwide age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized prevalence rate of hernias gradually decreased from 1990 to 2019. […] The age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized prevalence rate increased substantially in Central Sub-Saharan Africa.

Zobacz więcej