Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Hypothermia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypothermia/symptoms-causes/syc-20352682

  Hypothermia is a condition that occurs when core body temperature drops below 95 degrees Fahrenheit (35 degrees Celsius). It is a medical emergency. In hypothermia (hi-poe-THUR-me-uh), the body loses heat faster than it can produce heat, causing a dangerously low body temperature. Regular body temperature is around 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit (37 degrees Celsius). […] When body temperature drops, the heart, nervous system and other organs can’t work as well as they usually do. Left untreated, hypothermia can cause the heart and respiratory system to fail and eventually can lead to death. […] Symptoms of hypothermia include: Shivering. Slurred speech or mumbling. Slow, shallow breathing. Weak pulse. Clumsiness or lack of coordination. Drowsiness or very low energy. Confusion or memory loss. Loss of consciousness. In infants, bright red, cold skin. […] People with hypothermia usually aren’t aware of their condition. The symptoms often begin gradually. Also, the confused thinking associated with hypothermia prevents self-awareness. The confused thinking also can lead to risk-taking behavior.

• #2 Hypothermia Signs, First Aid and Prevention | Franciscan Health

  https://www.franciscanhealth.org/community/blog/hypothermia-signs-first-aid-and-prevention

  Hypothermia is an abnormally low body temperature (usually under 96 degrees) brought on by staying in cold temperatures for a long period of time and the body is unable to produce enough heat. […] This low temperature affects the brain and a person’s ability to think clearly or move well and can be deadly. Severe hypothermia can also cause an irregular heartbeat leading to heart failure and death. […] The most common symptoms of hypothermia are: Confusion, Sleepiness, Fumbling hands, Severe shivering or no shivering, Exhaustion, Slow, slurred speech, Shallow breathing, Weak pulse, Low blood pressure, Drowsiness, A change in behavior or appearance during cold weather, Stiffness in the arms and legs, Poor control over body movements or slow reactions, In infants, bright red, cold skin and/or very low energy.

• #3 Hypothermia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545239/

  Hypothermia occurs when the body dissipates more heat than it absorbs or creates, resulting in failure to maintain homeostasis and proper bodily function. […] Hypothermia is defined as a drop in body temperature below 35 C. The condition is common in cold geographic areas and during cooler months, though it can also develop in locations with milder climates. Hypothermia affects all organ systems. Presenting symptoms depend on the severity of the condition. […] Patients with mild hypothermia have a core body temperature ranging from 32 to 35 C (90-95 F). The core temperature for moderate hypothermia is 28 to 32 C (82-90F). The core body temperature is less than 28 C (82 F) for severe or profound hypothermia. […] In mild hypothermia, the core body temperature ranges from 32 to 35 C (90-95 F). The symptoms are often subtle and nonspecific, including hunger, nausea, fatigue, shivering, and pale-dry skin.

• #4 Hypothermia (Low Body Temperature): Signs, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21164-hypothermia-low-body-temperature

  Hypothermia symptoms vary based on the severity of the condition. The stages of hypothermia include mild, moderate and severe. […] Mild hypothermia means your body temperature is between 95 F and 89.6 F (35 C and 32 C). Signs of mild hypothermia include: Shivering and chattering teeth. Exhaustion. Clumsiness, slow movements and reactions. Sleepiness. Weak pulse. Fast heart rate (tachycardia). Rapid breathing (tachypnea). Pale skin color. Confusion and poor judgment/loss of awareness. Excessive urination. Trouble speaking. […] Moderate hypothermia means your body temperature is between 89.6 F and 82.4 F (32 C and 28 C). Signs of moderate hypothermia include: Slow down in breathing and heart rate. Slurred speech. Decline in mental function. Hallucinations. Decreased shivering. Bluish color to skin (cyanosis). Increased muscle stiffness. Dilated pupils. Abnormal heart rhythm. Decreased blood pressure. Weakened reflexes. Loss of consciousness.

• #5

  https://www.ecsinstitute.org/blog/ecsi/2023/12/01/recognizing-the-symptoms-of-hypothermia-what-you-need-to-know

  Hypothermia happens when heat loss occurs faster than heat production and the bodys core temperature falls below 95F (35C). Generally, the core body temperature will not fall until after many hours of continuous exposure. However, this can be accelerated by wet skin, wind, and inactivity. […] Many of us who have been recreating or working in the outdoors have been cold to the point where we start to shiver, but we can move and take care of ourselves. This is the start of cold stress on our bodies. If we suspect cold stress we should move around or exercise to get warm, we should eat high-calorie food or drink. If we have wet clothes, we should remove them and put on dry clothing. However, if unattended cold stress can become hypothermia and turn into a life-threatening situation. […] There are three main types of hypothermia: mild, moderate and severe. All of these are based on core body temperature. Often taking core body temperature is not possible for many reasons in remote locations. Becoming familiar with the signs of hypothermia can help to determine if a person may have hypothermia.

• #6 Hypothermia | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/hypothermia

  Hypothermia can be distinguished into 3 stages mild, moderate or severe. The signs and symptoms of hypothermia can be approximately grouped with the temperature ranges of the different stages: […] For mild hypothermia (35 to 32oC), signs and symptoms include: pale and cool to touch as blood vessels constrict in the skin, numbness in the extremities, sluggish responses, drowsiness or lethargic, shivering, increased heart rate and breathing. […] For moderate hypothermia (32 to 28oC), signs and symptoms include: decreasing conscious state, urine incontinence as a result of an increased workload on the kidneys related to blood being shunted to the major organs, no longer shivering, slowed heart rate, breathing rate and low blood pressure. […] For severe hypothermia (below 28oC), signs and symptoms include: unconscious and no longer responding, the heart beats more slowly and may become irregular before ultimately stopping if the person gets too cold, no response to light in the pupil of the eye, rigid muscles the person might feel like they are in rigor mortis, pulses and respiratory effort may be present but hard to detect.

• #7

  https://www.ecsinstitute.org/blog/ecsi/2023/12/01/recognizing-the-symptoms-of-hypothermia-what-you-need-to-know

  Signs of Mild Hypothermia: Vigorous, uncontrollable shivering; Awake and alert; Complains of painful cold feet and hands; Can answer questions; The person mumbles, grumbles, fumbles, stumbles and tumbles (the umbles). […] Signs of Moderate Hypothermia: Shivering stops; The umbles worsen; May be sleepy and not want to move much; Confused about surroundings; Skin is bluer or paler than baseline color and cold when touched. […] Signs of Severe Hypothermia: Barely responsive; Rigid and stiff muscles; Skin feels ice cold and appears blue; Slow shallow or absent breathing; Weak, slow or absent heartbeat; Appears dead with no signs of life.

• #8 Hypothermia Signs & Symptoms – The MR340facebook-squareenvelope-squaremenuchevron-downcross-circle

  https://mr340.org/news/hypothermia-signs-symptoms/

  What is Hypothermia? It is a decrease in the core body temperature to a level at which normal muscular and cerebral functions are impaired. […] Signs and Symptoms of Hypothermia […] Watch for the „Umbles” – stumbles, mumbles, fumbles, and grumbles which show changes in motor coordination and levels of consciousness. […] Mild Hypothermia: Shivering – not under voluntary control. Can’t do complex motor functions (i.e. paddling) can still walk & talk. […] Moderate Hypothermia: Slurred speech. Violent shivering. Dazed consciousness. „I don’t care” attitude. Loss of fine motor coordination – particularly in hands – can’t zip up jacket. Irrational behavior – paradoxical undressing – person starts to take off clothing. […] Severe Hypothermia: Shivering occurs in waves, violent then pause, pauses get longer then shivering stops. Person falls to the ground, can’t walk, curls up into a fetal position to conserve heat. Muscle rigidity develops. Skin is pale, pupils dilate, pulse rate decreases.

• #9 Preventing Hypothermia | Winter Weather | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/winter-weather/prevention/index.html

  Hypothermia can happen when a person is exposed to very cold temperature for a long period of time. When exposed to cold temperatures, your body begins to lose heat faster than it’s produced. Lengthy exposures will eventually use up your body’s stored energy, which leads to lower body temperature. […] Body temperature that is too low affects the brain, making the victim unable to think clearly or move well. This makes hypothermia especially dangerous, because a person may not know that it’s happening and won’t be able to do anything about it. […] The following are warnings signs of hypothermia: Adults: Shivering, Exhaustion or feeling very tired, Confusion, Fumbling hands, Memory loss, Slurred speech, Drowsiness. Babies: Bright red, cold skin, Very low energy. […] Hypothermia is a medical emergency. If you notice any of the above signs, take the person’s temperature. If it is below 95 F, get medical attention immediately! […] A person with severe hypothermia may be unconscious and may not seem to have a pulse or to be breathing.

• #10 Hypothermia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothermia

  There is often cold, inflamed skin, hallucinations, lack of reflexes, fixed dilated pupils, low blood pressure, pulmonary edema, and shivering is often absent. […] Twenty to fifty percent of hypothermia deaths are associated with paradoxical undressing. This typically occurs during moderate and severe hypothermia, as the person becomes disoriented, confused, and combative. […] An apparent self-protective behaviour, known as „terminal burrowing”, or „hide-and-die syndrome”, occurs in the final stages of hypothermia. Those affected will enter small, enclosed spaces, such as underneath beds or behind wardrobes.

• #11 TrustCare | Hypothermia Explained

  https://trustcarehealth.com/blog/hypothermia-explained

  HT I: Mild Hypothermia, 95-89.6 degrees Normal or nearly normal consciousness, shivering […] HT II: Moderate Hypothermia, 89.6-82.4 degrees Shivering stops, consciousness becomes impaired […] HT III: Severe Hypothermia, 82.4-75.2 degrees Unconscious, may be difficult to detect vital signs […] HT IV: Apparent Death, 75.2-59 degrees […] HT V: Death from irreversible hypothermia.

• #12 Hypothermia (Low Body Temperature): Signs, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21164-hypothermia-low-body-temperature

  Severe hypothermia means your body temperature is less than 82.4 F (28 C). Signs of severe hypothermia include: Loss of shivering. Low blood pressure (hypotension). Fluid in lungs. Absence of reflexes. Complete muscle stiffness. Loss of voluntary motion. Low urine output (oliguria). Heart stops beating (cardiac arrest). Coma that may mimic death. Death. […] Symptoms will progress from mild to severe with prolonged exposure.

• #13 Hypothermia | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/hypothermia

  Mild hypothermia (32 to 35C body temperature) is usually easy to treat. However, the risk of death increases as the core body temperature drops below 32C. […] If core body temperature is lower than 28C, the condition is life-threatening without immediate medical attention. Under this temperature, a person will be very cold to touch, unresponsive, rigid, not breathing, have no pulse, and their pupils will be fixed (they will not respond to light changes). They will appear to be dead, but they may not be.

• #14 Hypothermia: Symptoms, treatment, stages, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/182197

  Hypothermia is a condition involving a low body temperature, usually below 95F (35C). Shivering, pale skin, unclear speech, and a fast heart rate can be signs of hypothermia. It is a medical emergency. […] The stages of hypothermia range from mild to severe. Even the mild stage is an emergency, and a bystander should call 911 if they notice its signs. […] As hypothermia progresses through the stages, symptoms become more severe and dangerous. A 2021 review article describes the symptoms in adults as follows: […] Symptoms in this stage include: body temperature of 90-95F (32-35C), tiredness, shivering, hunger, nausea, skin that is dry and paler than usual, fast heart rate, increased muscle tone, increased blood pressure, decline in memory, judgment, and thinking ability, unclear speech, loss of control of body movements, frequent urination.

• #15 Hypothermia – Injuries and Poisoning – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/injuries-and-poisoning/cold-injuries/hypothermia

  Hypothermia results when the body loses more heat than can be replaced by increasing the amount of heat generated by the body through exercise or by increasing warming from external sources, such as a fire or the sun. […] The person shivers at first and later may become confused and lose awareness. […] Initial symptoms of hypothermia include intense shivering and teeth chattering. As body temperature falls further, […] Shivering stops. […] Movements become slow and clumsy. […] Reaction time is longer. […] Thinking is blurred. […] Judgment is impaired. […] When shivering stops, people become more sluggish and slip into a coma. The heart and breathing rates become slower and weaker. If they are very slow, the person may seem to have no signs of life (no heartbeat or attempts to breathe) even though the heart is beating very weakly. Eventually the heart does stop. […] The lower the body temperature is, the higher the risk of death. Death may occur at body temperatures below 88 F (about 31 C) but is most likely to occur below 83 F (about 28 C).

• #16 Hypothermia Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Complications

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/770542-clinical

  Hypothermia is usually readily apparent in the setting of severe environmental exposure. […] Mild or moderate hypothermia can present with misleading symptoms, such as confusion, dizziness, chills, or dyspnea. […] Symptoms can include mood change, irritability, poor judgment, and lassitude. […] Slurred speech and ataxia may mimic a stroke, alcohol intoxication, or high-altitude cerebral edema. […] Similarly, profound hypothermia may present as coma or cardiac arrest. […] At a given temperature, specific physical examination findings vary among patients. However, an examination does provide a frame of reference for dividing presenting symptoms into mild, moderate, and severe hypothermic signs. […] Between 34C and 35C, most people shiver vigorously, usually in all extremities. […] As the temperature drops below 34C, a patient may develop altered judgment, amnesia, and dysarthria.

• #17 Hypothermia Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Complications

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/770542-clinical

  At approximately 33C, ataxia and apathy may be seen. […] Most patients with temperatures of 32C or lower present in stupor. […] As the core reaches temperatures of 31C or below, the body loses its ability to generate heat by shivering. […] At 30C, patients develop a higher risk for arrhythmias. […] Between 28C and 30C, pupils may become markedly dilated and minimally responsive to light, a condition that can mimic brain death. […] At 28C, the body becomes markedly susceptible to ventricular fibrillation and further depression of myocardial contractility. […] Below 27C, 83% of patients are comatose. […] Pulmonary edema, oliguria, coma, hypotension, rigidity, apnea, pulselessness, areflexia, unresponsiveness, fixed pupils, and decreased or absent activity on EEG are all seen.

• #18 Hypothermia – Injuries; Poisoning – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/injuries-poisoning/cold-injury/hypothermia

  Hypothermia is a core body temperature 35 C. Symptoms progress from shivering and lethargy to confusion, coma, and death. […] Intense shivering occurs initially, but then progressively ceases, which allows body temperature to drop more precipitously. Central nervous system dysfunction progresses as the body temperature decreases; people do not sense the cold. Lethargy and clumsiness are followed by confusion, irritability, sometimes hallucinations, and eventually coma. Pupils may become unreactive. Respirations and heartbeat slow and ultimately cease. Initial sinus bradycardia is followed by slow atrial fibrillation; the terminal rhythm is ventricular fibrillation or asystole.

• #19 Hypothermia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545239/

  Patients with moderate hypothermia have a core body temperature of 28 to 32 C (82-90 F). Cognitive decline and lethargy are common. […] Individuals with severe hypothermia have a core body temperature of less than 28 C (82 F). Cerebral blood flow continues to decline until patients become unresponsive. Blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac output also continue to decrease. […] Severe hypothermia can be lethal, though many factors may improve the prognosis. […] Individuals who are resuscitated quickly usually have good outcomes, though they may have residual frostbite and muscle injury. Extremes of age and severe hypothermia generally have a poorer prognosis.

• #20 Signs and Symptoms – RCEMLearning

  https://www.rcemlearning.co.uk/modules/hypothermia-and-frostbite/lessons/signs-and-symptoms/

  Hypothermia affects almost every organ system. […] With worsening hypothermia, bradycardia occurs, oxygen demand decreases and cardiac output falls. […] Eventually, severe bradycardia, ventricular fibrillation or asystole ensues. […] Patients with moderate-to-severe hypothermia may develop a coagulopathy. […] The response to mild hypothermia starts with impaired judgment and memory. […] As the severity of hypothermia worsens, slurred speech, ataxia and drowsiness develop. […] Finally, in severe hypothermia, coma and death result. […] More severe hypothermia results in renal failure and renal shutdown. […] As the body cools, the respiratory rate falls and the patient develops carbon dioxide retention, respiratory acidosis and ultimately respiratory arrest.

• #21 Hypothermia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothermia

  Hypothermia is defined as a body core temperature below 35.0 C (95.0 F) in humans. Symptoms depend on the temperature. In mild hypothermia, there is shivering and mental confusion. In moderate hypothermia, shivering stops and confusion increases. In severe hypothermia, there may be hallucinations and paradoxical undressing, in which a person removes their clothing, as well as an increased risk of the heart stopping. […] As hypothermia progresses, symptoms include: mental status changes such as amnesia, confusion, slurred speech, decreased reflexes, and loss of fine motor skills. […] As the temperature decreases, further physiological systems falter and heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure all decrease. This results in an expected heart rate in the 30s at a temperature of 28 C (82 F).

• #22 Diagnosis and management of periodic hypothermia

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5765588/

  Hypothermia, defined as a core temperature below 35C, can occur in a variety of clinical settings, including environmental exposure, shock, infection, metabolic disorders (such as hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency, and Wernicke encephalopathy), malnutrition, and alcohol or drug toxicity. […] The episodes are characterized by progressive confusion and a decreased level of arousal, hypothermia, and eventual resolution with a return to baseline. Additional clinical findings during episodes may include diaphoresis, asterixis, bradycardia, and thrombocytopenia. These recurrent episodes represent periodic hypothermia. […] Dysfunction, injury, or destruction of the preoptic area, whether congenital or acquired, can lead to the development of periodic hypothermia. The cognitive impairment and other neurologic symptoms seen during hypothermia may be due to the reduction in cerebral blood flow that occurs once the body temperature falls below 33C.

• #23 Hypothermia Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/condition/hypothermia

  There are many possible complications from hypothermia, including: Hypoxia (lack of oxygen in the tissues) […] Frostbite leading to gangrene in the hands and feet […] Inflammation of the pancreas […] Fluid in the lungs […] Pneumonia […] Kidney failure […] Heart problems. […] People with severe hypothermia should be hospitalized. They may need CPR. They should be moved very carefully and watched closely for an irregular heartbeat, which could be fatal. All people with hypothermia must be watched closely until their body temperature returns to normal.

• #24 Signs and Symptoms of Hypothermia | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/about/newsroom/articles/signs-of-hypothermia

  Hypothermia is a medical emergency that requires immediate care. […] Hypothermia occurs when body temperature drops below 95F (35C). If you’re exposed to cold temperatures, your body can lose heat faster than it’s produced. […] Hypothermia is dangerous because cold environments are widespread and hypothermia can set in rapidly in low temperatures, especially if your body is wet. […] A person with hypothermia may be unable to think clearly or move well. This makes hypothermia especially dangerous, because you may not know that it’s happening. […] Warning signs of hypothermia in adults include: Shivering. If hypothermia becomes severe, a person may stop shivering. […] Hypothermia in the late stage involves a person who is totally unresponsive. […] If a person is shivering and seems quite cold, and suddenly stops shivering despite not getting any warmer, maybe they’re starting to get a little confused, they’re progressing to moderate hypothermia and that’s a true medical emergency, says Dr. Apisa.

• #25 Hypothermia | Washington State Department of Health

  https://doh.wa.gov/emergencies/be-prepared-be-safe/severe-weather-and-natural-disasters/cold-weather/hypothermia

  Hypothermia is a condition in which a person’s body temperature has dropped significantly below normal. This occurs from inadequate protection against exposure to cold temperatures. The very young and elderly are the most susceptible to developing hypothermia when exposed to cold temperatures. […] The risk and extent of hypothermia is directly influenced by presence of wet clothing, contact with metals, wind-chill, and extent of temperature gradient between the body and its surroundings. Vulnerability is increased when circulation is impaired by cardiovascular disease, alcohol intake, exhaustion, and/or hunger. […] What are the symptoms of hypothermia? Uncontrolled shivering. Slow or unclear speech. Feeling extremely tired. Stumbling when attempting to walk. Confusion (person cannot think clearly). Semi-consciousness or unconsciousness.

• #26 Hypothermia Signs, First Aid and Prevention | Franciscan Health

  https://www.franciscanhealth.org/community/blog/hypothermia-signs-first-aid-and-prevention

  „Symptoms of hypothermia can include shivering, which is our body’s natural way to kind of create heat. But in addition to shivering, there can be lack of coordination, but also mental confusion,” said Franciscan Health cardiologist Stephen Cook, MD. „It’s really important for you to recognize what are normal symptoms of hypothermia when you’re out in the cold weather for long periods of time.”

• #27 Hypothermia | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/h/hypothermia.html

  Hypothermia occurs when body temperature drops below 95F (35C). It’s a medical emergency. Hypothermia can progress from mild, to moderate, to severe. As the body temperature drops, it affects body organs, such as the brain. This makes it hard to think clearly or move well. It can also affect the heart. This causes abnormal heart rate and rhythm. Dropping body temperature affects the ability to breathe normally and causes loss of other body functions. If not treated, hypothermia can lead to death. […] These are the most common symptoms of hypothermia: Shivering, but conscious; Cold skin; Drowsiness; Confusion without shivering; Slow, slurred speech, or shallow breathing; Movements that may be slow and uncoordinated; As hypothermia gets worse, stiffness in the arms and legs; Slow heartbeat, weak pulse or low blood pressure; Slowed breathing rate; Loss of consciousness; In infants, cold and bright red skin, or very low energy. […] Untreated, hypothermia can be fatal. If the person has symptoms of hypothermia even if a temperature cant be taken, call 911. […] Severe hypothermia can cause an irregular heartbeat leading to heart failure and death. […] If not treated, hypothermia can lead to death.

• #28 Hypothermia: Signs, Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/what-is-hypothermia

  Hypothermia Symptoms […] First signs of hypothermia […] Warning signs of hypothermia in adults include: […] Shivering, which may stop as hypothermia progresses. (Shivering is actually a good sign that your heat regulation systems are still active.) […] Slow, shallow breathing […] Confusion and memory loss […] Drowsiness or exhaustion […] Slurred or mumbled speech […] Loss of coordination, fumbling hands, stumbling steps […] A slow, weak pulse […] Hypothermia symptoms for infants include: […] Cold-to-touch, bright red skin […] Unusually low energy […] Mild hypothermia […] Your body temperature is 90-95 F. Other symptoms include: […] Shivering and chattering teeth […] Feeling exhausted […] Slow movements and reactions […] Feeling sleepy […] Weak pulse […] Faster-than-normal heart rate

• #29 Signs and symptoms of hypothermia in newborns | Summer Health

  https://www.summerhealth.com/blog/hypothermia-in-newborns-signs-and-symptoms

  Hypothermia is a serious medical condition that happens when a persons core temperature drops below 97.7F (36.5C), according to the World Health Organization. There are 3 stages of hypothermia: […] Mild hypothermia: 90-95F (32-35C) […] Moderate hypothermia: 82-90F (28-32C) […] Severe hypothermia: below 82F (below 28C) […] Newborns, however, cant fully thermoregulate, which makes them more vulnerable to heat and cold. If your newborn cant keep their body temperature up on their own, they will need help. […] Lack of thermoregulation is a key cause of hypothermia shortly after birth since newborns arent yet able to keep their body temperature within the right range. […] Babies also lose heat easily and quickly because of their size, making it easier for their core temperature to change. This is especially true for newborns with low birth weight.

• #30 Signs and symptoms of hypothermia in newborns | Summer Health

  https://www.summerhealth.com/blog/hypothermia-in-newborns-signs-and-symptoms

  Hypothermia can have serious consequences, especially for preterm infants. Possible complications include: […] Low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia) […] Bleeding in the brain (hemorrhage) […] Lung and breathing issues […] Hypothermia is a medical emergency and can lead to death. If you think your baby might have hypothermia or a low body temperature or if their rectal temperature reading is less than 97.7F (36.5C) call 911 for immediate medical help. […] Other than a low body temperature, a baby with hypothermia may: […] Appear sluggish and less active than usual […] Have a weak cry […] Have pale, cold, or cool skin […] Have trouble breathing […] Have a low appetite or may not eat well […] Have low energy […] Serious symptoms of hypothermia include a weak pulse and irregular breathing. But remember: any symptoms of hypothermia should be taken seriously, and you should get emergency medical help.

• #31

  https://www.boystownpediatrics.org/knowledge-center/hypothermia-children

  When playing outside in the cold and snow, a childs body can lose heat quickly. A childs normal core temperature ranges from 98-99 degrees; hypothermia occurs when it drops below 95 degrees. […] Hypothermia warning signs include: Body shivers, Fingers and toes feel numb, Exposed skin may look puffy and blue, Lack of coordination, Muscle aches, Difficulty walking, Mental confusion, Slower breathing and heart rate, Irregular or erratic heart beat. […] Because severe hypothermia can be a life-threatening condition, a child with any level of hypothermia needs prompt attention.

• #32 Hypothermia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypothermia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352688

  The diagnosis of hypothermia usually is clear based on a person’s symptoms. […] A diagnosis may not be clear, however, if the symptoms are mild. For example, hypothermia may not be considered when an older person who is indoors has symptoms of confusion, lack of coordination and speech problems. […] A person with severe hypothermia may appear unconscious, with no clear signs of a pulse or breathing. […] Depending on the severity of hypothermia, emergency medical care for hypothermia may include one of the following interventions to raise the body temperature: […] For mild hypothermia, covering the person with heated blankets and offering them warm fluids to drink may be enough. […] Blood may be drawn, warmed and recirculated in the body. […] A warmed solution of salt water may be put into a vein to help warm the blood. […] The use of humidified oxygen, given through a mask or nasal tube, can warm the airways and help raise the temperature of the body. […] A warm saltwater solution may be used to warm certain areas of the body, such as the area around the lungs or the abdominal cavity.

• #33 Frostbite And Hypothermia: What You Should Know | Henry Ford Health – Detroit, MI

  https://www.henryford.com/blog/2023/02/frostbite-vs-hypothermia-need-know

  Hypothermia occurs when the bodys core temperature falls below 95 degrees Fahrenheit. This happens through exposure to cool and/or damp conditions. Cardiac arrhythmia, or an irregular heartbeat, can also occur when the core body temperature falls below 95 degrees Fahrenheit. The elderly, immobile and psychiatric patients are most at risk. Often times, hypothermia affects elderly people who live in poorly heated homes. […] Symptoms of hypothermia include slurred speech, decreased coordination, uncontrollable shivering, cold and pale skin, blue lips and nails, stiffening of the neck and limbs, memory lapses, stumbling, abnormally slow breathing and a slow, irregular heartbeat. The condition becomes grave when the shivering stops, muscles stiffen and the skin turns bluish.

• #34 Hypothermia Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/condition/hypothermia

  Signs and symptoms of hypothermia may include: Skin that is cold to the touch […] Shivering at first, then not shivering […] Lethargy, drowsiness […] Weakness, clumsiness […] Irritability, combativeness […] Confusion, delirium, hallucinations […] Slow reflexes […] Seizure, stupor, or coma […] Slowed, shallow, or arrested breathing […] Slowed, irregular, or arrested heartbeat […] Hunger […] Nausea. […] Hypothermia may develop over hours or days if your body cannot regulate heat as it should, if you cannot sense how cold it is, or if you live in a cold environment in the winter. […] People with mild hypothermia usually recover with no lasting damage. However, people with moderate-to-severe hypothermia can face serious complications and even death. Children are more likely to recover from severe hypothermia than adults. The death rate for hypothermia in older people is about 50%.

• #35 Orphanet: Spontaneous periodic hypothermia

  https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/29822

  A rare neurologic disorder characterized by spontaneous periodic hypothermia and hyperhidrosis in the absence of hypothalamic lesions. […] Spontaneous periodic hypothermia (SPH) prevalence is unknown but to date more than 50 cases of spontaneous periodic hypothermia have been described in the world literature. […] SPH can occur at any age (ranging from 6 months to 62 years). The clinical manifestations of the disease comprise recurrent episodes of hypothermia (core temperature […] There is no cure for SPH. Management is mainly supportive and includes re-warming with a warm blanket. […] SPH is a benign disease and may cease spontaneously. Some patients have been reported to have hyperthermia attacks during the course of the disease.

• #36 Diagnosis and management of periodic hypothermia

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5765588/

  Periodic hypothermia is a rare disorder that can occur in the context of 4 distinct syndromes: congenital periodic hypothermia with or without a structural lesion and acquired periodic hypothermia that is stereotyped or nonstereotyped. […] The episodes, by definition, resolve spontaneously without a lasting neurologic deficit. However, patients are bedridden during episodes, placing them at risk for medical complications such as pneumonia and deep vein thrombosis, and patients may require hospitalization. Recognition of a specific periodic hypothermia syndrome can inform treatment decisions, with successful treatment ending the episodes and improving the patient’s quality of life.

• #37

  https://www.stjohn.org.nz/first-aid/first-aid-library/immediate-first-aid1/environmental-conditions?srsltid=AfmBOoogwiXundPaUlrmzDFQ2yz3RToaA-gOgf2QBVJOcAi8CbDEcELU

  Hypothermia results from excessive cooling of the body core. Generally, hypothermia occurs in cold conditions where clothing may not provide adequate insulation, and is often worsened by physical and mental exhaustion. Onset of hypothermia is more rapid if the body is immersed in water. […] Normally, in cold conditions, the body core maintains heat by decreasing blood supply to the legs and arms. This has the effect of lowering muscle activity which results in the characteristic signs of clumsiness and lack of coordination associated with hypothermia. If the body continues to be cooled, these signs will worsen; the person will become drowsy, erratic and sometimes irritable. This can lead to unconsciousness and death if no action is taken. […] It is important to remember that hypothermia can affect any person. Often hypothermia is only thought of in the context of outdoor activities, but other groups of people can also experience this condition e.g. elderly people after a fall in a cold house or garden.

• #38 Hypothermia | cold water safety

  https://www.coldwatersafety.org/hypothermia

  Long before a person becomes hypothermic, they will be cold, miserable, and shivering violently. […] Hypothermia means low body temperature. It’s clinically defined as a core temperature below 95F (35C). […] It takes about thirty minutes of immersion for an adult of average size to develop hypothermia even in near-freezing water. […] When your body is having trouble keeping warm, it mounts a strong and automatic defense against the cold. […] Shivering also begins. Shivering automatically increases heat production through involuntary exercise, and it’s an important early warning sign that you’re losing too much heat. At this point, you aren’t hypothermic, but you’re heading in that direction. Shivering grows more intense as body temperature begins to fall. […] As body temperature falls below 95F (35C), both mental ability and consciousness suffer, and like cold shock and incapacitation, the primary danger is drowning.

• #39 Hypothermia Stages: Symptoms, Definition, Death

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/how_long_does_it_take_to_die_from_hypothermia/article_em.htm

  People die of hypothermia faster in water than in air, because water has a high thermal conductivity that can cool a person at least 24-times faster than air. […] A person who is immersed in near-freezing water at temperatures of 32.5F/0.3C will have symptoms of mild hypothermia in under 2 minutes and will be unconscious in less than 15 minutes, with an expected survival time of 15 to 45 minutes. […] Symptoms of mild hypothermia (body temperature of 90 to 95F/32 to 35C) include: Shivering, Goosebumps, Bluish skin, Confusion, Trouble speaking clearly, Memory problems, Altered judgment, Breathing faster than usual (hyperventilation), Loss of balance or coordination/clumsiness, Apathy, Fast heart rate, Urinating more than usual. […] Symptoms of moderate hypothermia (body temperature of 82 to 90F/28 to 32C) include: Shivering stops, Feeling very tired, Seeing things that are not there (hallucinations), Shallow breathing, Decreased reflexes, Paradoxical undressing (undressing despite the need for clothing to keep warm), Stupor, Increased risk for abnormal heartbeats (arrhythmias), Dilated pupils. […] Symptoms of severe hypothermia (body temperature less than 82F/28C) include: Stiffness, Low blood pressure, Muscle rigidity, Passing out, Coma, Unresponsiveness, Breathing stops, Heart stops.

• #40 Hypothermia | Boy Scouts of America

  https://www.scouting.org/health-and-safety/safety-moments/hypothermia/

  Hypothermia is an abnormally low body temperature that is dangerous and potentially fatal if not properly cared for. Hypothermia most often occurs when individuals are exposed to extremely cold temperatures for extended periods of time. However, it can also occur in warmer environments in situations such as wearing wet clothing in windy conditions, becoming chilled from being in the rain for an extended period, or being submersed in cold water. […] Hypothermia occurs when the body loses heat faster than it can be generated. Once the body temperature begins to drop, the heart, brain, and other organs start losing their ability to function properly. Left untreated, these vital organs will begin to fail, eventually leading to death. A person experiencing hypothermia often isn’t aware of their condition because the onset is gradual and, as hypothermia progresses, they become confused and agitated.

• #41 Hypothermia | cold water safety

  https://www.coldwatersafety.org/hypothermia

  It can be very difficult to tell the difference between someone who is badly chilled and someone who has hypothermia. […] The only reliable way to determine if someone has hypothermia is to measure their core temperature, something that cant be done orally. […] Regardless of whether the person is chilled or hypothermic, you’re going to have a very big problem on your hands because neither situation is easy to deal with in the outdoors. […] If the problem resulted from immersion, as soon as they’re out of the water your first objective should be to stop them from losing any more heat and getting even colder. […] You can become badly chilled or hypothermic even if you never enter the water. Whenever body heat is lost to the environment faster than you can replace it, incapacitation will be followed by hypothermia.

• #42 Hypothermia (Extended Exposure to Cold) Temperature, Symptoms, Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/hypothermia_extended_exposure_to_cold/article.htm

  Hypothermia is defined as a core body temperature of less than 95F (35C). Hypothermia occurs when the body’s temperature regulation is overwhelmed by a cold environment. […] As the body cools, the symptoms of hypothermia become more pronounced and severe. The sequence of symptoms can be graded as mild, moderate, or severe depending upon the core temperature. […] Mild hypothermia symptoms: core temperature 32C to 35C (90F to 95F) […] Moderate hypothermia core temperature 28C to 32C (82F to 90F) […] Severe hypothermia core temperature below 28C (82F) […] In mild hypothermia, the infant and child can develop intense peripheral vasoconstriction causing them to appear cyanotic or blue. […] In moderate hypothermia, the shivering stops, there is decreased consciousness with confusion, and slurred speech or weak cry. […] In severe hypothermia, there is loss of brain function with coma and reflexes are lost. […] The prognosis depends upon the severity of the hypothermia and the previous health of the victim. […] Infants and children tend to have a better prognosis after severe hypothermia than adults.

• #43 Hypothermia: Symptoms, Causes, and Risk Factors

  https://www.healthline.com/health/hypothermia

  A common complication of hypothermia is frostbite, which may lead to gangrene, limb loss, and amputation. […] Most people with mild hypothermia will fully recover without any complications. However, you may experience complications if you have severe hypothermia or risk factors, such as underlying health conditions. […] Hypothermia doesn’t resolve on its own, so there’s no definite duration. It could last until warming methods are introduced. […] Warming up too quickly after hypothermia can significantly increase your risk of cardiac arrest. Other complications of rewarming may include inflammation, arrhythmias, severe infections, and blood clots, among others.

• #44 Hypothermia: Signs, Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/what-is-hypothermia

  Because people respond differently to hypothermia, temperatures for these stages may differ. […] […] […] Takeaways […] Hypothermia happens when you have long exposure to cold weather and your body temperature drops dangerously low. Symptoms include shivering, slow breathing, mental confusion, and a weak pulse. The key to recovery is to get warm as soon as possible. If you have hypothermia, you should go to the ER.

• #45 Cold weather is here – be aware of hypothermia and how you can prevent – Regional One Health

  https://www.regionalonehealth.org/blog/2025/01/06/cold-weather-is-here-be-aware-of-hypothermia-and-how-you-can-prevent-and-address-this-serious-medical-emergency/

  Symptoms include shivering, slurred speech or mumbling, slow and shallow breathing, weak pulse, clumsiness or lack of coordination, drowsiness or low energy, confusion or memory loss, and loss of consciousness. […] Call 911 or seek medical help immediately for someone suffering from hypothermia. Symptoms include shivering, loss of consciousness, weak pulse, confusion, and shallow breathing. […] Remember, hypothermia is a serious medical emergency that can be fatal. It can cause cardiac arrest, bleeding disorders, and organ dysfunction, and patients can go into shock or a coma. […] Be alert to the early signs of hypothermia, and take action immediately. Prevention is always best, but catching issues early can lead to much better outcomes.

• #46 Recognizing Hypothermia | Natural Disasters | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/natural-disasters/psa-toolkit/recognizing-hypothermia.html

  Hypothermia is a serious medical condition that strikes during very cold weather or when people are chilled from rain, sweat, or cold water. Shivering, exhaustion, confusion, fumbling hands, memory loss, slurred speech, and drowsiness are signs of hypothermia. […] Babies with hypothermia have bright red, cold skin, and very low energy. […] Seek immediate medical attention for signs of hypothermia.

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