Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Signs and Symptoms of Q fever | Q Fever | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/q-fever/signs-symptoms/index.html

  People with Q fever typically have mild symptoms, including fever and chills. Some people may have more severe symptoms. […] About half of people who are infected with Coxiella burnetii, the bacteria that causes Q fever, will get sick. Illness typically develops 2-3 weeks after being exposed to the bacteria. Signs and symptoms of Q fever may include: Fever, Chills or sweats, Fatigue (tiredness), Headache, Muscle aches, Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea, Chest pain, Weight loss, Cough. […] Symptoms can be mild or severe. People who develop severe disease may experience infection of the lungs (pneumonia) or liver (hepatitis). […] A small percentage of people (fewer than 5 out of 100) who become infected with Coxiella burnetii bacteria develop a more serious infection called chronic Q fever. Chronic Q fever develops months or years following initial Q fever infection. People with chronic Q fever can develop an infection of heart valves (called endocarditis). People with endocarditis may experience night sweats, fatigue, shortness of breath, weight loss, or swelling of their limbs.

• #2 About Q fever | Q Fever | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/q-fever/about/index.html

  Symptoms of Q fever can be mild or severe. […] Some people never get sick; however, those who do usually develop flu-like symptoms including fever, chills, fatigue, and muscle pain. […] Common symptoms include, but are not limited to, fever, fatigue, and muscle pain. […] Most people who are infected with Coxiella burnetii have no symptoms, or mild symptoms, and will recover without antibiotic treatment. […] For people who develop symptomatic Q fever, treatment with 2 weeks of the antibiotic doxycycline is recommended. […] Chronic Q fever develops in some individuals after infection. […] A life-threatening infection, requiring several months of antibiotic treatment. […] Treated with a combination of antibiotics including doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine for several months.

• #3 Q fever – symptoms, treatment and causes | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/q-fever

  Q fever is a bacterial infection, usually spread by exposure to animals. […] Some people with Q fever have mild symptoms or none at all, but some people develop chronic (long-lasting) Q fever. […] Many people have no symptoms or only a mild illness. Your symptoms usually start about 2 to 3 weeks after you are infected. […] Symptoms of Q fever are similar to the symptoms of the flu, including: high fevers (up to 41C) with chills, which may last up to 4 weeks, bad sweats, bad headaches, extreme fatigue (tiredness), muscle aches, joint pains, dry cough, sore throat. […] You may also have: nausea and vomiting, diarrhoea or abdominal (tummy) pain, chest pain when you breathe, confusion. […] Without treatment, symptoms can last up to 6 weeks. […] Q fever is commonly treated with antibiotics. If you get treated early you’re likely to recover quickly.

• #4 Q fever – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_fever

  The incubation period is usually two to three weeks. The most common manifestation is flu-like symptoms: abrupt onset of fever, malaise, profuse perspiration, severe headache, muscle pain, joint pain, loss of appetite, upper respiratory problems, dry cough, pleuritic pain, chills, confusion, and gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. About half of infected individuals exhibit no symptoms. […] During its course, the disease can progress to an atypical pneumonia, which can result in a life-threatening acute respiratory distress syndrome, usually occurring during the first four to five days of infection. […] Less often, Q fever causes (granulomatous) hepatitis, which may be asymptomatic or become symptomatic with malaise, fever, liver enlargement, and pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. This hepatitis often results in the elevation of transaminase values, although jaundice is uncommon. Q fever can also rarely result in retinal vasculitis.

• #5 Q Fever: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Prevention & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17883-q-fever

  Initial (acute) symptoms of Q fever are flu-like and start three to 30 days after exposure. Some people continue to have symptoms for over a year after their initial exposure, called Q fever fatigue syndrome (QFS). Others develop symptoms of a more serious infection called chronic Q fever. […] Symptoms of acute Q fever are usually flu-like but can vary a lot. It might cause pneumonia, inflammation of your brain or its covering (encephalitis or meningitis) or inflammation in your liver (hepatitis). Symptoms you might experience include: Fever. Extreme fatigue. Chills. Sweats. Muscle aches. Sensitivity to light (photophobia). Severe headaches. Nausea and vomiting. Diarrhea. Cough. Chest pain. Stomach pain. Rash-like spots under your skin (purpura). Shortness of breath (dyspnea). […] About 20% of people with Q fever will have fatigue and other symptoms that continue for months or years after initial exposure. Symptoms of Q fever fatigue syndrome include: Extreme fatigue. Headaches. Sweats. Joint pain. Muscle aches.

• #6

  https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/diseases/qfever.html

  Many infections are without symptoms (asymptomatic). Common symptoms resemble a serious case of the flu with high fever, chills and sweating. […] Common signs and symptoms resemble a serious case of the flu: sudden onset of high fever, fatigue, muscle pain, chills and sweating, headache, general feeling of sickness and loss of appetite, non-productive cough, weight loss, stomach pain, chest pain. […] Some patients develop a slight, dry cough because of a lung inflammation known as pneumonitis. Most symptoms disappear after 7-10 days. However, afflicted people can feel generally ill and lose appetite for several weeks. […] A small percentage of patients develop hepatitis or liver disease and jaundice, a yellowing of the skin and darkening of the urine, caused by a malfunctioning of the liver. […] Other rare clinical syndromes including endocarditis, an inflammation of the lining of the heart cavity, have been reported.

• #7 Q Fever: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/227156-overview

  The 3 main clinical presentations of acute Q fever are as follows: A self-limited, influenzalike febrile illness (up to 40C) (88-100%) of abrupt onset, which often is accompanied by headache (68-98%) (typically retrobulbar), myalgia (47-69%) (arthralgia is uncommon), chills (68-88%), fatigue (97-100%), and sweats (31-98%); the temperature returns to normal within 5-14 days […] Pneumonia (predominant in North America), usually mild in nature (crackles auscultated in 50% of cases) or as an incidental radiographic finding; when there is respiratory involvement, patients have a dry, nonproductive cough (24-90%), dyspnea, and pleuritic chest pain; this condition rarely is fulminant but occasionally progresses to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) […] Hepatitis (predominant in Europe), usually with mild elevation of transaminases (2-3 times the reference range) and may be associated with antismooth muscle, antiphospholipid, or antinuclear antibodies; jaundice and acute gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (nausea and vomiting, diarrhea [rare], right upper quadrant abdominal pain) are rare; manifestations resolve within 2-3 weeks.

• #8 Q Fever: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

  https://www.healthline.com/health/q-fever

  Symptoms of Q fever dont typically appear until about 2 to 3 weeks after exposure to the bacteria. However, its possible that you will have the infection and not show any symptoms. If symptoms do appear, theyre generally mild. […] Common symptoms of mild Q fever may include: a high fever, chills or sweats, a cough, chest pain while breathing, a headache, clay-colored stools, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, jaundice, muscle pain, shortness of breath. A rash is also a symptom, but its not common. […] In rare cases, a more serious form of disease develops if the infection is chronic, which means it persists for 6 months (and there are some case reports indicating that it may persist for more than 6 months). A more serious form also can develop if the infection is recurrent, which means it comes back. People with heart valve problems or weak immune systems are at the highest risk of developing these types of Q fever. […] Chronic Q fever is very serious because it can damage a persons vital organs, including the heart, liver, brain, lungs. […] More severe or chronic forms of Q fever can be treated with antibiotics.

• #9

  https://www.health.vic.gov.au/infectious-diseases/q-fever

  Q fever is a zoonotic bacterial disease that can cause acute flu-like illness and long term complications. […] Many people with Q fever have no symptoms or mild symptoms (almost 60 per cent of infections). Q fever can present as an acute or chronic illness. […] Acute Q fever can present as a flu-like illness with symptoms of fever, chills, sweats, severe headache (especially behind the eyes), weakness, anorexia, myalgia and cough. Sometimes it can be associated with a transient mild rash. Most people make a full recovery. […] Other acute presentations include pneumonia and hepatitis, which may be granulomatous. Rarely (in less than 1 per cent of infections), acute Q fever can lead to complications of pericarditis, myocarditis, meningoencephalitis, encephalomyelitis and orchitis. […] Chronic Q fever can occur from one month to several years after acute illness, and sometimes even without a history of acute illness, as a result of persistent C. burnetii infection in the host after primary infection.

• #10 Q fever – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_fever

  The incubation period is usually two to three weeks. The most common manifestation is flu-like symptoms: abrupt onset of fever, malaise, profuse perspiration, severe headache, muscle pain, joint pain, loss of appetite, upper respiratory problems, dry cough, pleuritic pain, chills, confusion, and gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. About half of infected individuals exhibit no symptoms. […] During its course, the disease can progress to an atypical pneumonia, which can result in a life-threatening acute respiratory distress syndrome, usually occurring during the first four to five days of infection. […] Less often, Q fever causes (granulomatous) hepatitis, which may be asymptomatic or become symptomatic with malaise, fever, liver enlargement, and pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. This hepatitis often results in the elevation of transaminase values, although jaundice is uncommon. Q fever can also rarely result in retinal vasculitis.

• #11 Q Fever – Infectious Diseases – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/rickettsiae-and-related-organisms/q-fever

  Acute disease causes sudden onset of fever, headache, malaise, and interstitial pneumonitis. […] Acute Q fever is often asymptomatic; in other patients, it begins abruptly with influenza-like symptoms: fever, severe headache, chills, severe malaise, myalgia, anorexia, and sweats. Fever may rise to 40 C and persist 1 to 3 weeks. […] Rarely, acute Q fever manifests as encephalitis or meningoencephalitis. […] Respiratory symptoms (a dry nonproductive cough, pleuritic chest pain) appear 4 to 5 days after onset of illness. These symptoms may be particularly severe in older patients or patients who are debilitated. […] Acute hepatic involvement, occurring in some patients, resembles viral hepatitis, with fever, malaise, hepatomegaly with right upper abdominal pain, and possibly jaundice.

• #12 Q Fever Fact Sheet | Texas DSHS

  https://www.dshs.texas.gov/notifiable-conditions/zoonosis-control/zoonosis-control-diseases-and-conditions/q-fever/q-fever-fact-sheet

  In addition to asymptomatic infections, Q fever has a panoply of acute and chronic, usually nonfatal, manifestations that vary probably related to the dose, and perhaps to the local strain of Q fever organism. Acute pictures include a self-limiting febrile illness of 2-14 days duration, pneumonia, hepatitis, and aseptic meningitis or encephalitis; chronic manifestations include endocarditis, fever of unknown origin, and a variety of other symptoms in immunosuppressed individuals. […] Febrile illness usually includes a severe frontal or retro-orbital headache, chills, fatigue, sweats, and myalgias; though cough may occur, coryza and arthralgias are absent. Gastrointestinal symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea occur in 20%. […] Pneumonia occurs in about half of all patients. Patients may have either radiographic or physical evidence of pneumonia, or both. Pneumonia may present as fever with no pulmonary symptoms, atypical pneumonia, or rapidly progressive pneumonia. In addition to the nonspecific symptoms listed above, pleuritic chest pain may also occur. Rales are probably the most common physical finding. Patients with rapidly progressing pneumonia often have the signs of pulmonary consolidation. Patients may present with an acute hepatitis (particularly in sheep- or goat-breeding areas) or elevated liver function tests may simply be an ancillary finding. Finally, altered mental status may lead to suspicion of meningitis or encephalitis; although the CSF is usually normal, an increased WBC count with a mononuclear predominance may be observed.

• #13 Q Fever: An Old but Still a Poorly Understood Disease

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3506884/

  Q fever is a bacterial infection affecting mainly the lungs, liver, and heart. […] Symptoms of acute Q fever may include: chest pain with breathing, cough, fever, headache, jaundice, muscle pains, and shortness of breath. Symptoms of chronic Q fever may include chills, fatigue, night sweats, prolonged fever, and shortness of breath. […] Clinical signs of Q fever are often subclinical or extremely mild. In acute infection. The incubation period has been estimated to be approximately 20 days (range 14 to 39 days). There is no typical form of acute Q fever. The clinical signs vary greatly from patient to patient. […] Self-limited flu-like syndrome is the most common manifestation of Q fever. […] Atypical pneumonia is one of the most commonly recognized forms of acute Q fever. […] Hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) is the predominant form of acute Q fever and it manifests mostly as a granulomatous hepatitis.

• #14 Q fever – including symptoms, treatment and prevention | SA Health

  https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/conditions/infectious+diseases/q+fever/q+fever+including+symptoms+treatment+and+prevention

  Up to half of symptomatic cases will develop pneumonia (lung infection or inflammation) and many people will have inflammation of the liver (hepatitis). However, most people will recover within several months without any treatment and only 1 to 2% of people with acute Q fever die of the disease. […] Some people may develop chronic Q fever after exposure. Infection persists for more than 6 months and may not be apparent until many years after the initial infection. While rare, it can have serious complications such as endocarditis (infection of the heart valves). […] People most at risk of developing chronic Q fever include: those with underlying heart abnormalities, transplant recipients, cancer patients, those with chronic kidney disease. […] Diagnosis is made by a series of blood tests. […] Usually 2 to 3 weeks, range 4 days to 6 weeks. […] Effective antibiotic therapy is available. With early diagnosis, treatment is simple and a good outcome can be expected.

• #15

  http://www.idph.state.il.us/bioterrorism/factsheets/qfever.htm

  Most patients who develop chronic Q fever have a history of valvular heart disease. People who have received transplants, patients with cancer and those with chronic kidney disease also are at risk of developing chronic Q fever. […] Only about 50 percent of all people infected with the bacteria show signs of illness. In general, most patients will recover to good health within several months without any treatment. […] Only 1 percent to 2 percent of people with Q fever die of the disease. As many as 65 percent of persons with chronic Q fever may die of the disease.

• #16 Signs and Symptoms of Q fever | Q Fever | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/q-fever/signs-symptoms/index.html

  Chronic Q fever is serious and can be deadly if not treated correctly. Chronic Q fever infection requires months or years of antibiotic treatment. Chronic Q fever is more likely to occur in people with heart valve disease, blood vessel abnormalities, or in people with weakened immune systems. Women infected during pregnancy may also be at risk for developing chronic Q fever.

• #17 Q Fever: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Prevention & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17883-q-fever

  Chronic Q fever starts months to years after your initial C. burnetii infection, even if you didnt have symptoms at the time. While it most commonly affects your heart, heart valves and blood vessels, the symptoms can vary depending on what parts of your body are affected. […] Symptoms of chronic Q fever include: Low-grade fever. Night sweats. Weight loss. Fatigue. Shortness of breath. Swelling of your legs or feet.

• #18 Chronic Q Fever in the United States

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1489455/

  Infections due to Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever, are uncommon in the United States. Cases of chronic Q fever are extremely rare and most often manifest as culture-negative endocarditis in patients with underlying valvular heart disease. […] A 31-year-old farmer from West Virginia was admitted in June 1995 because of recurrent episodes of fever as high as 39C, night sweats, paroxysmal coughing, chest pressure, decreased appetite, fatigue, and an 11-kg involuntary weight loss over the preceding 14 months. […] The clinical manifestations of Q fever vary widely. Up to 60% of infected individuals develop no symptoms. Acute Q fever, which develops after an incubation period of 2 to 5 weeks, is usually characterized by a nonspecific febrile illness, pneumonitis, or hepatitis. Other less common clinical manifestations of acute Q fever include myocarditis, pericarditis, skin rash, and meningoencephalitis. Chronic Q fever may develop many months to years after initial infection, manifesting as bacterial culture-negative endocarditis in up to 75% of cases. Chronic Q fever occurs almost exclusively in patients with predisposing conditions, including those with heart valve lesions, vascular abnormalities, and immunosuppression.

• #19 Q Fever | Washington State Department of Health

  https://doh.wa.gov/you-and-your-family/illness-and-disease-z/q-fever

  About half of people infected with Q fever actually experience symptoms associated with the infection. Acute symptoms of Q fever usually appear 2 to 3 weeks after exposure to the bacteria. Typical symptoms include sudden fever, chills, headache, fatigue, muscle aches, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and sometimes non-productive cough and severe sweats. Pneumonia and liver inflammation (hepatitis) can occur in severe cases. Rarely, Q fever can cause inflammation of the brain, heart, or gall bladder. Women infected during pregnancy may be at increased risk for miscarriage, stillbirth, pre-term delivery, or low infant birth weight. […] Less than 5% of people who are infected with C. burnetii develop chronic disease during the months to years after their initial infection. Chronic Q fever often involves inflammation of the heart valves (endocarditis) but may also manifest as chronic inflammation in the liver, veins and arteries, joints, bones, or lungs. People with pre-existing heart valve disease, blood vessel abnormalities, or who are immunosuppressed, including pregnant women, are at greatest risk for developing chronic Q fever.

• #20 Q Fever: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Prevention & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17883-q-fever

  Chronic Q fever starts months to years after your initial C. burnetii infection, even if you didnt have symptoms at the time. While it most commonly affects your heart, heart valves and blood vessels, the symptoms can vary depending on what parts of your body are affected. […] Symptoms of chronic Q fever include: Low-grade fever. Night sweats. Weight loss. Fatigue. Shortness of breath. Swelling of your legs or feet.

• #21 Q Fever: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/227156-overview

  Endocarditis with negative culture findings and seropositivity (culture positivity and seropositivity or culture negativity and seronegativity are relatively uncommon) is the main clinical presentation of chronic Q fever, usually occurring in patients with preexisting cardiac disease including valve defects, rheumatic heart disease, and prosthetic valves. […] Patients may present with heart failure or nonspecific symptoms, including low-grade fever, fatigue, chills, arthralgia, dyspnea, rash from septic thromboembolism, and night sweats.

• #22 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Q-Fever-Symptoms.aspx

  Hepatitis may be completely asymptomatic, being reflected only by abnormal liver function tests. In other patients it may present with tender hepatomegaly but no jaundice, while a third form presents as pyrexia of unknown origin, with liver biopsy showing the doughnut granulomas formed by fibrin rings. […] Q fever may also present as a maculopapular rash in one of every ten patients, inflammation of the myocardium or pericardium which often ends in a fatal outcome, and intense headache, perhaps due to encephalitis or meningitis. Rare manifestations include anemia with hemolysis, inflammation of the peripheral nerves or the optic nerve, pancreatitis or gastroenteritis, and significant lymph node enlargement. […] Chronic Q fever may be diagnosed when the titers of IgG remain elevated for over six months after the onset of the illness. It is seen in about 5% of infections but its development may be gradual. It is due to the proliferation of C. burnetii in the macrophages, and a very high antibody level. Endocarditis, arteritis, osteomyelitis or osteoarthritis, and hepatitis are all forms of chronic infection. Endocarditis is most frequent in those with preexisting heart valve disease or weakened immunity. It may be suspected in endocarditis with a negative blood culture. Delayed diagnosis is the rule.

• #23 Q Fever: An Old but Still a Poorly Understood Disease

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3506884/

  Chronic infection: chronic Q fever was initially described as lasting for more than 6 months after the onset. It occurs in approximately 5% of patients infected with C. burnetii and may develop insidiously months to years after the acute disease. […] Symptoms are not specific. […] Other manifestations of chronic Q fever include infections of aneurysms or vascular grafts, isolated hepatitis possibly complicated by hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis, and osteoarthritis and osteomyelitis. […] Q fever during pregnancy. Both acute and chronic Q fever have been described during pregnancy.

• #24 Q fever – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_fever

  The chronic form of Q fever is virtually identical to endocarditis (i.e. inflammation of the inner lining of the heart), which can occur months or decades following the infection. It is usually fatal if untreated. However, with appropriate treatment, the mortality falls to around 10%. […] A minority of Q fever survivors develop Q fever fatigue syndrome after acute infection, one of the more well-studied post-acute infection syndromes. Q fever fatigue syndrome is characterised by post-exertional malaise and debilitating fatigue. People with Q fever fatigue syndrome frequently meet the diagnostic criteria for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Symptoms often persist years after the initial infection.

• #25 Chronic Q Fever in the United States

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1489455/

  In all six patients, the aortic valve was affected, requiring aortic valve replacement in four cases. No patients had involvement of any other heart valves. Our patient represents the only case of chronic Q fever reported in the United States with documented pathological involvement of extracardiac sites (bone marrow and liver). […] As witnessed in these seven cases, the diagnosis of chronic Q fever may be delayed by many months because of the lack of specific signs and symptoms. Fever may be absent in more than 18% of cases, and vague constitutional symptoms, congestive heart failure, or valvular dysfunction may predominate. […] Chronic Q fever is a severe illness for which the spontaneous death rate may exceed 65%. With appropriate antibiotic therapy, chronic Q fever-associated mortality may be significantly reduced, but the organism is difficult to eradicate, and a prolonged course of antibiotic treatment is necessary.

• #26 Q Fever (Coxiella burnetii) Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention

  https://www.medicinenet.com/q_fever/article.htm

  The acute form of Q fever is rarely fatal (1%-2%), and most people get better without any treatment. About 5% of people with acute Q fever will go on to develop chronic Q fever. The chronic form of Q fever is more dangerous. Without treatment, up to 40% of people with chronic Q fever will die, and 100% of people with endocarditis caused by chronic Q fever will die. With appropriate treatment, chronic Q fever causes death in 10% of people.

• #27 Q Fever: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Prevention & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17883-q-fever

  Initial (acute) symptoms of Q fever are flu-like and start three to 30 days after exposure. Some people continue to have symptoms for over a year after their initial exposure, called Q fever fatigue syndrome (QFS). Others develop symptoms of a more serious infection called chronic Q fever. […] Symptoms of acute Q fever are usually flu-like but can vary a lot. It might cause pneumonia, inflammation of your brain or its covering (encephalitis or meningitis) or inflammation in your liver (hepatitis). Symptoms you might experience include: Fever. Extreme fatigue. Chills. Sweats. Muscle aches. Sensitivity to light (photophobia). Severe headaches. Nausea and vomiting. Diarrhea. Cough. Chest pain. Stomach pain. Rash-like spots under your skin (purpura). Shortness of breath (dyspnea). […] About 20% of people with Q fever will have fatigue and other symptoms that continue for months or years after initial exposure. Symptoms of Q fever fatigue syndrome include: Extreme fatigue. Headaches. Sweats. Joint pain. Muscle aches.

• #28 Q fever – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q_fever

  The chronic form of Q fever is virtually identical to endocarditis (i.e. inflammation of the inner lining of the heart), which can occur months or decades following the infection. It is usually fatal if untreated. However, with appropriate treatment, the mortality falls to around 10%. […] A minority of Q fever survivors develop Q fever fatigue syndrome after acute infection, one of the more well-studied post-acute infection syndromes. Q fever fatigue syndrome is characterised by post-exertional malaise and debilitating fatigue. People with Q fever fatigue syndrome frequently meet the diagnostic criteria for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Symptoms often persist years after the initial infection.

• #29 Q Fever – Infectious Diseases – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/rickettsiae-and-related-organisms/q-fever

  A post-Q fever fatigue syndrome has been reported to occur in up to 20% of patients with acute Q fever. […] Chronic Q fever may manifest within a few weeks to many years after the initial infection. […] The case-fatality rate of acute Q fever is only about 1% in untreated patients. Untreated chronic Q fever endocarditis is always fatal.

• #30 Q Fever – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/infectious-disease/q-fever/

  While pregnant patients are typically symptom-free, Q fever can lead to complications such as spontaneous abortion, low amniotic fluid, slowed fetal growth, fetal death, and preterm birth. […] About 20% of patients develop post-Q fever fatigue syndrome after an episode of acute Q fever. Symptoms include severe tiredness, nausea, headache, night sweats, muscle and joint pain, swollen lymph nodes, decreased focus, depression, sleep issues, and short-term memory loss. This can occur in patients whose symptoms resolved on their own and those who were treated with antibiotics. Interestingly, its occurrence seems to vary by geographical location.

• #31

  https://www.health.vic.gov.au/infectious-diseases/q-fever

  Chronic Q fever may present as one of three major forms depending on the focus of infection: Endocarditis, which is the most serious form and is fatal if left untreated. Risk factors include underlying valvular heart disease and valvular prosthesis. […] Q fever fatigue syndrome refers to systemic symptoms that fail to recover more than 12 months after the acute illness. Typical features include profound fatigue, arthralgia, myalgia, concentration and memory problems, sleeping problems, sweats and headaches. […] It is the most common sequela of acute Q fever in Australia, occurring in approximately 10 to 15 per cent of people with acute infection.

• #32 Q Fever Symptoms | Acute and Chronic Q Fever | Q Fever Facts

  https://www.qfeverfacts.com.au/what-are-the-symptoms-of-q-fever/

  Some patients with acute Q fever (up to about 15%) will go on to experience a post-Q fever fatigue syndrome, where symptoms continue to persist for more than 12 months after symptoms first appear. Symptoms associated with post-Q fever fatigue syndrome (extreme tiredness and other symptoms), can last for years and have the potential to be highly incapacitating.

• #33 Increase in Q fever cases | health.vic.gov.au

  https://www.health.vic.gov.au/health-advisories/increase-in-q-fever-cases

  Many people with Q fever have no symptoms or a mild illness. Some people may have a severe flu-like illness. Symptoms can include fever, sweats or chills, headaches, muscle/joint pain, fatigue, cough and weight loss. Patients may also develop hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) or pneumonia (infection of the lungs). […] While most people with Q fever make a full recovery, occasionally it can cause long-term complications such as heart disease, bone and joint infections and vascular infections. These complications are more common for pregnant women and people with weakened immune systems or previous heart problems. […] Approximately 10 to 15 per cent of people with severe infections develop chronic fatigue, also known as Q fever fatigue syndrome, which can last for many years.

• #34 Signs and Symptoms of Q fever | Q Fever | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/q-fever/signs-symptoms/index.html

  Chronic Q fever is serious and can be deadly if not treated correctly. Chronic Q fever infection requires months or years of antibiotic treatment. Chronic Q fever is more likely to occur in people with heart valve disease, blood vessel abnormalities, or in people with weakened immune systems. Women infected during pregnancy may also be at risk for developing chronic Q fever.

• #35 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Q-Fever-Symptoms.aspx

  Chronic Q fever may rarely present as lymphoma-like illness, interstitial fibrosis of the lung, pericardial effusion, or aneurysmal infection. […] During pregnancy, Q fever may show resurgence because of the reactivation of dormant C. burnetii. This may lead to increased rates of fetal loss, preterm birth and low birth weight, along with inflammation of the placenta or lowering of the platelet count. The mother herself is usually asymptomatic. Both acute and chronic Q fever have been described during pregnancy.

• #36 Q Fever | Washington State Department of Health

  https://doh.wa.gov/you-and-your-family/illness-and-disease-z/q-fever

  About half of people infected with Q fever actually experience symptoms associated with the infection. Acute symptoms of Q fever usually appear 2 to 3 weeks after exposure to the bacteria. Typical symptoms include sudden fever, chills, headache, fatigue, muscle aches, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and sometimes non-productive cough and severe sweats. Pneumonia and liver inflammation (hepatitis) can occur in severe cases. Rarely, Q fever can cause inflammation of the brain, heart, or gall bladder. Women infected during pregnancy may be at increased risk for miscarriage, stillbirth, pre-term delivery, or low infant birth weight. […] Less than 5% of people who are infected with C. burnetii develop chronic disease during the months to years after their initial infection. Chronic Q fever often involves inflammation of the heart valves (endocarditis) but may also manifest as chronic inflammation in the liver, veins and arteries, joints, bones, or lungs. People with pre-existing heart valve disease, blood vessel abnormalities, or who are immunosuppressed, including pregnant women, are at greatest risk for developing chronic Q fever.

• #37 Q Fever – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/infectious-disease/q-fever/

  While pregnant patients are typically symptom-free, Q fever can lead to complications such as spontaneous abortion, low amniotic fluid, slowed fetal growth, fetal death, and preterm birth. […] About 20% of patients develop post-Q fever fatigue syndrome after an episode of acute Q fever. Symptoms include severe tiredness, nausea, headache, night sweats, muscle and joint pain, swollen lymph nodes, decreased focus, depression, sleep issues, and short-term memory loss. This can occur in patients whose symptoms resolved on their own and those who were treated with antibiotics. Interestingly, its occurrence seems to vary by geographical location.

• #38 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Q-Fever-Symptoms.aspx

  Chronic Q fever may rarely present as lymphoma-like illness, interstitial fibrosis of the lung, pericardial effusion, or aneurysmal infection. […] During pregnancy, Q fever may show resurgence because of the reactivation of dormant C. burnetii. This may lead to increased rates of fetal loss, preterm birth and low birth weight, along with inflammation of the placenta or lowering of the platelet count. The mother herself is usually asymptomatic. Both acute and chronic Q fever have been described during pregnancy.

• #39 Q Fever: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/227156-overview

  The 3 main clinical presentations of acute Q fever are as follows: A self-limited, influenzalike febrile illness (up to 40C) (88-100%) of abrupt onset, which often is accompanied by headache (68-98%) (typically retrobulbar), myalgia (47-69%) (arthralgia is uncommon), chills (68-88%), fatigue (97-100%), and sweats (31-98%); the temperature returns to normal within 5-14 days […] Pneumonia (predominant in North America), usually mild in nature (crackles auscultated in 50% of cases) or as an incidental radiographic finding; when there is respiratory involvement, patients have a dry, nonproductive cough (24-90%), dyspnea, and pleuritic chest pain; this condition rarely is fulminant but occasionally progresses to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) […] Hepatitis (predominant in Europe), usually with mild elevation of transaminases (2-3 times the reference range) and may be associated with antismooth muscle, antiphospholipid, or antinuclear antibodies; jaundice and acute gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (nausea and vomiting, diarrhea [rare], right upper quadrant abdominal pain) are rare; manifestations resolve within 2-3 weeks.

• #40 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Q-Fever-Symptoms.aspx

  The signs and symptoms of Q fever are extremely variable besides being very mild in the majority of clinical cases, which themselves make up only about 45% of the infected population. Most infected individuals are asymptomatic. […] Q fever has both acute and chronic forms. The acute infection develops between 14 and 39 days days after exposure, most commonly around 20. There are no classical signs of Q fever, with three types of presentations being reported. […] Symptoms resembling the flu are the most frequently encountered in Q fever. They consist of fever lasting over a week but resolving in three weeks or less. The fever spikes to 104F, accompanied by tiredness, headache, muscle aches. The fever lasts longer in older patients and may relapse in about 28% of patients. […] Atypical pneumonia, which is manifested as a very mild cough without sputum, but with fever, is very common in patients with C. burnetii infection. It accounts for roughly 4% of all cases of community-acquired pneumonia. In most cases there are no crepitations, rhonchi or other signs on auscultation, but acute breathlessness may occur in a few patients. Chest X-rays are typically non-diagnostic. The illness may last for between 10 and 90 days, but the mortality rate is 0.5-1.5%.

• #41 Q Fever: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Prevention & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17883-q-fever

  Chronic Q fever is a serious form of Q fever that can affect your heart, your blood vessels, your bones and other parts of your body. It affects 1 to 5% of people whove had a C. burnetii infection. It can start months or years after your initial symptoms go away and can lead to life-threatening complications. Sometimes people with chronic Q fever had no symptoms with their initial infection. The most common form causes inflammation in your heart (endocarditis). […] Q fever can cause a wide variety of symptoms, but the most common ones are flu-like. The bacterium that causes it, C. burnetii, can infect your lungs, heart, brain, bones or other parts of your body and cause symptoms there. Some people have extreme tiredness (fatigue) and other symptoms for months or years. Chronic Q fever can be life-threatening.

• #42 Q fever | Health and wellbeing | Queensland Government

  https://www.qld.gov.au/health/condition/infections-and-parasites/bacterial-infections/q-fever

  Q fever is usually an acute (immediate) infection, but sometimes it can lead to a chronic (long-term) illness. […] Many infected people have no symptoms. People who do become sick often have a severe flu-like illness. Symptoms begin about 2-3 weeks after exposure to the bacteria. However, this period can be as short as 4 days and as long as 6 weeks. […] Typical symptoms of acute Q fever include: Fever and chills, Severe sweats, Severe headache (especially behind the eyes), Muscle pain, Weakness and tiredness, Weight loss. […] Some patients may develop pneumonia (chest infection) and hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) during the course of acute illness. Most people make a full recovery and become immune to future Q fever infections. […] Most people make a full recovery from Q Fever. However, in about 10 to 20% of people, chronic fatigue (post Q fever fatigue syndrome) is still present after 12 months, affecting an individual’s ability to work at full capacity. Occasionally people may develop chronic infections that affect the heart, bones, or joints. Persons at increased risk for chronic Q fever after acute infection include: immunosuppressed persons (e.g. cancer patients with chemotherapy, patients with organ transplantation), pregnant women, and persons with heart valvular abnormalities.

• #43 Q fever – including symptoms, treatment and prevention | SA Health

  https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/conditions/infectious+diseases/q+fever/q+fever+including+symptoms+treatment+and+prevention

  Up to half of symptomatic cases will develop pneumonia (lung infection or inflammation) and many people will have inflammation of the liver (hepatitis). However, most people will recover within several months without any treatment and only 1 to 2% of people with acute Q fever die of the disease. […] Some people may develop chronic Q fever after exposure. Infection persists for more than 6 months and may not be apparent until many years after the initial infection. While rare, it can have serious complications such as endocarditis (infection of the heart valves). […] People most at risk of developing chronic Q fever include: those with underlying heart abnormalities, transplant recipients, cancer patients, those with chronic kidney disease. […] Diagnosis is made by a series of blood tests. […] Usually 2 to 3 weeks, range 4 days to 6 weeks. […] Effective antibiotic therapy is available. With early diagnosis, treatment is simple and a good outcome can be expected.

• #44 Q Fever – 8.022 – Extension

  https://extension.colostate.edu/topic-areas/agriculture/q-fever-8-022/

  Many people infected with Q fever develop no symptoms of infection and eliminate the infection with an effective immune response. If symptoms do develop, most people experience flu-like illness within one to three weeks after exposure to the organism. Affected individuals may have a fever, headache, tiredness, muscle aches, cough, vomiting, and diarrhea. Pneumonia and rarely, liver infection are potential complications. Most cases resolve spontaneously or respond to treatment with particular antibiotics. Fatalities are uncommon when complications are not present. […] People who have impaired immune systems for example, those receiving chemotherapy for cancer, pregnant women, recipients of organ transplants, and those infected with the HIV virus are more likely to develop more serious disease with potential complications. Further, people with abnormal heart valves or coronary vascular grafts are at particularly high risk of developing endocarditis, which is infection of the interior lining of the heart and heart valves. Endocarditis often does not arise until several months after the infection is established.

• #45 Chronic Q Fever in the United States

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1489455/

  Infections due to Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever, are uncommon in the United States. Cases of chronic Q fever are extremely rare and most often manifest as culture-negative endocarditis in patients with underlying valvular heart disease. […] A 31-year-old farmer from West Virginia was admitted in June 1995 because of recurrent episodes of fever as high as 39C, night sweats, paroxysmal coughing, chest pressure, decreased appetite, fatigue, and an 11-kg involuntary weight loss over the preceding 14 months. […] The clinical manifestations of Q fever vary widely. Up to 60% of infected individuals develop no symptoms. Acute Q fever, which develops after an incubation period of 2 to 5 weeks, is usually characterized by a nonspecific febrile illness, pneumonitis, or hepatitis. Other less common clinical manifestations of acute Q fever include myocarditis, pericarditis, skin rash, and meningoencephalitis. Chronic Q fever may develop many months to years after initial infection, manifesting as bacterial culture-negative endocarditis in up to 75% of cases. Chronic Q fever occurs almost exclusively in patients with predisposing conditions, including those with heart valve lesions, vascular abnormalities, and immunosuppression.

• #46 Q-Fever – NYC Health

  https://www.nyc.gov/site/doh/health/health-topics/q-fever.page

  Exposure to C. burnetii does not always lead to illness. Only about half of all people infected with C. burnetii become ill. In those who do, Q fever often begins with sudden onset of one or more of the following: high fever (up to 104-105 F), severe headache, fatigue, muscle pain, confusion, sore throat, chills, sweats, dry cough, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and chest pain. Fever usually lasts for 1-2 weeks. Weight loss can occur and last for some time. A majority of Q fever patients also have abnormal test results, indicating their liver is not functioning correctly. Some will develop inflammation of the liver (hepatitis) and others may get lung infections (pneumonia). […] In general, most people with Q fever recover to good health within a few weeks without treatment. Although uncommon, some people with untreated infection can remain ill for months, which is called chronic Q fever. This is a much more serious and more difficult to treat disease and can involve severe heart infections. Patients with pre-existing heart valve disorders, transplant recipients, patients with cancer, and those with chronic kidney disease are at greater risk of developing chronic Q fever. Of the 1 to 2 percent of people with Q fever who die of the disease, most had chronic infections of the heart. […] Symptoms of Q fever usually occur within 2-3 weeks of exposure, although some people get ill as long as 6 weeks later. Persons who were exposed to a large number of C. burnetii may become ill in a shorter amount of time than persons who were exposed to fewer organisms.

• #47 Q Fever as a Mimicker of Rheumatologic Conditions: A Case Series from Two Tertiary Care Academic Centers in Southern California – ACR Meeting Abstracts

  https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/q-fever-as-a-mimicker-of-rheumatologic-conditions-a-case-series-from-two-tertiary-care-academic-centers-in-southern-california/

  Q fever, an endemic disease in Southern California, is a zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii. The infection can present with multiple non-specific acute and chronic manifestations including fever, headache, fatigue, endocarditis, and hepatitis. Q fever is also associated with the presence of elevated inflammatory markers and autoimmune antibodies. This combination of the clinical picture and laboratory features may be misinterpreted for various rheumatologic conditions. […] Almost all (87.5%) patients had fever and flu-like symptoms, with 63% having GI symptoms. All patients had extensive infectious workup done. All patients had elevated inflammatory markers, and 63% with abnormal liver enzymes. […] The non-specific presentation of Q fever, accompanied by elevated inflammatory markers, and autoimmune antibodies can mimic various rheumatologic conditions including vasculitis, Stills disease, and sarcoidosis. Our case series demonstrates that Q-fever should be considered as a differential diagnosis especially for patients with FUO and residing in endemic regions.

• #48 Q fever in small ruminants (Query fever; Coxiella burnetii; Coxiellosis) | Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory | Washington State University

  https://waddl.vetmed.wsu.edu/2022/11/10/q-fever-in-small-ruminants-query-fever-coxiella-burnetii-coxiellosis/

  In livestock, the infection is usually subclinical. However, disease occurs most frequently in the form of abortion outbreaks in goats and sheep. Susceptible pregnant females develop necrotizing placentitis (inflammation and necrosis of the placenta), which results in late-term abortion. Some ewes and does abort without apparent clinical signs, whereas others show anorexia and depression 1 to 2 days before aborting. […] Diagnosis of Q fever abortion requires laboratory testing of aborted fetuses and placenta from aborting does or ewes. Diagnosis is based on identification of lesions in the placenta (gross and microscopic pathology) together with identification of the organism by non-culture methods. Culturing of C. burnetii in the laboratory is not feasible because of the particularly contagious potential of the organism in laboratory cultures to laboratory technicians. Therefore, diagnosis of Q fever abortion at WSU-WADDL is based upon special non-culture methods such as immunohistochemistry to visually identify C. burnetii under the microscope within the formalin-fixed infected placenta.

• #49 Q fever – including symptoms, treatment and prevention | SA Health

  https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/conditions/infectious+diseases/q+fever/q+fever+including+symptoms+treatment+and+prevention

  Up to half of symptomatic cases will develop pneumonia (lung infection or inflammation) and many people will have inflammation of the liver (hepatitis). However, most people will recover within several months without any treatment and only 1 to 2% of people with acute Q fever die of the disease. […] Some people may develop chronic Q fever after exposure. Infection persists for more than 6 months and may not be apparent until many years after the initial infection. While rare, it can have serious complications such as endocarditis (infection of the heart valves). […] People most at risk of developing chronic Q fever include: those with underlying heart abnormalities, transplant recipients, cancer patients, those with chronic kidney disease. […] Diagnosis is made by a series of blood tests. […] Usually 2 to 3 weeks, range 4 days to 6 weeks. […] Effective antibiotic therapy is available. With early diagnosis, treatment is simple and a good outcome can be expected.

• #50 Q Fever as a Mimicker of Rheumatologic Conditions: A Case Series from Two Tertiary Care Academic Centers in Southern California – ACR Meeting Abstracts

  https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/q-fever-as-a-mimicker-of-rheumatologic-conditions-a-case-series-from-two-tertiary-care-academic-centers-in-southern-california/

  Q fever, an endemic disease in Southern California, is a zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii. The infection can present with multiple non-specific acute and chronic manifestations including fever, headache, fatigue, endocarditis, and hepatitis. Q fever is also associated with the presence of elevated inflammatory markers and autoimmune antibodies. This combination of the clinical picture and laboratory features may be misinterpreted for various rheumatologic conditions. […] Almost all (87.5%) patients had fever and flu-like symptoms, with 63% having GI symptoms. All patients had extensive infectious workup done. All patients had elevated inflammatory markers, and 63% with abnormal liver enzymes. […] The non-specific presentation of Q fever, accompanied by elevated inflammatory markers, and autoimmune antibodies can mimic various rheumatologic conditions including vasculitis, Stills disease, and sarcoidosis. Our case series demonstrates that Q-fever should be considered as a differential diagnosis especially for patients with FUO and residing in endemic regions.

• #51 About Q fever | Q Fever | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/q-fever/about/index.html

  Symptoms of Q fever can be mild or severe. […] Some people never get sick; however, those who do usually develop flu-like symptoms including fever, chills, fatigue, and muscle pain. […] Common symptoms include, but are not limited to, fever, fatigue, and muscle pain. […] Most people who are infected with Coxiella burnetii have no symptoms, or mild symptoms, and will recover without antibiotic treatment. […] For people who develop symptomatic Q fever, treatment with 2 weeks of the antibiotic doxycycline is recommended. […] Chronic Q fever develops in some individuals after infection. […] A life-threatening infection, requiring several months of antibiotic treatment. […] Treated with a combination of antibiotics including doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine for several months.

• #52 Q Fever: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

  https://www.healthline.com/health/q-fever

  Symptoms of Q fever dont typically appear until about 2 to 3 weeks after exposure to the bacteria. However, its possible that you will have the infection and not show any symptoms. If symptoms do appear, theyre generally mild. […] Common symptoms of mild Q fever may include: a high fever, chills or sweats, a cough, chest pain while breathing, a headache, clay-colored stools, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, jaundice, muscle pain, shortness of breath. A rash is also a symptom, but its not common. […] In rare cases, a more serious form of disease develops if the infection is chronic, which means it persists for 6 months (and there are some case reports indicating that it may persist for more than 6 months). A more serious form also can develop if the infection is recurrent, which means it comes back. People with heart valve problems or weak immune systems are at the highest risk of developing these types of Q fever. […] Chronic Q fever is very serious because it can damage a persons vital organs, including the heart, liver, brain, lungs. […] More severe or chronic forms of Q fever can be treated with antibiotics.

• #53 Q Fever (Coxiella burnetii) Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention

  https://www.medicinenet.com/q_fever/article.htm

  Q fever can present in an acute form and a chronic form. The acute form lasts for a few weeks, while the chronic form lasts for months to years. […] Most often, people will suddenly develop flu-like symptoms, including fever (as high as 104 F-105 F), chills, malaise, fatigue, muscle and joint aches, severe headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, cough, rash, and chest or abdominal pain. These symptoms may last up to a few weeks. The chronic form of Q fever, which occurs in only about 5% of those people infected, most often causes an infection and inflammation of the valves inside the heart called endocarditis. The symptoms of endocarditis can include fever, night sweats, shortness of breath, muscle and joint aches, edema (swelling of the legs), and rash. […] The prognosis for patients with acute Q fever is very good, with most patients recovering fully within a few weeks to months. The prognosis for patients with chronic Q fever is poorer, with up to 10% of patients dying even with appropriate treatment.

• #54 Q Fever – Infections – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/rickettsial-and-related-infections/q-fever

  Chronic Q fever often involves the lining of the heart and heart valves (called Q fever endocarditis). It sometimes involves the bones, artificial (prosthetic) joints, and the liver. […] Without treatment, only 1% of people with Q fever die. Untreated Q fever endocarditis is almost always fatal but with antibiotic treatment, mortality is under 5%.

• #55

  https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/Infectious/factsheets/Pages/q-fever.aspx

  Q fever is a bacterial infection that can cause a severe flu-like illness. For some people, Q fever can affect their health and ability to work for many years. […] Many people with Q fever have no symptoms or only a mild illness. People who do become sick often have a severe flu-like illness. Symptoms begin about 2-3 weeks after coming into contact with the bacteria and typically include: high fevers and chills, severe drenching sweats, severe headaches, often behind the eyes, muscle and joint pains, extreme fatigue (tiredness). […] Patients may also develop hepatitis (inflammation of the liver) or pneumonia (infection of the lungs). Without treatment, symptoms can last from 2-6 weeks. Illness often results in time off work, lasting from a few days to several weeks. […] Most people make a full recovery and become immune to repeat infections. Occasionally, people develop chronic infections up to 2 years later which can cause a range of health issues including heart problems (endocarditis). These complications are more common for pregnant women, people with weakened immune systems or previous heart problems. About 10% of patients who are sick with acute Q fever go on to suffer from a chronic-fatigue-like illness which can be very serious for years.

• #56 Risk Factors & Symptoms

  https://www.qfever.com.au/symptoms/

  Acute Q Fever develops after an incubation period of about 3 weeks. The symptoms are: […] Fever, usually of abrupt onset and lasting for 5-50 (or more) days […] Chills, lasting 3-4 days […] Profuse sweats […] Severe headache which usually lasts with the fever […] Muscle and joint aches and pains […] Profound fatigue and tiredness […] Nausea […] Eyes become sensitive to light […] Loss of weight. […] An uncomplicated infection lasts 2-6 weeks. If complications develop, people may be ill for up to 6 months. Some persons develop a persistent low grade infection which causes headache, joint and muscle pain, tiredness and sweating attacks for up to 5 years. Some also develop an infection in the heart muscle which may not become obvious for 5 years. After the primary attack, it is very rare for individuals to experience a second serologically confirmed attack.

• #57 Q fever | Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care

  https://www.health.gov.au/diseases/q-fever

  Q fever is an infection caused by the bacteria Coxiella burnetii, which usually spreads to people from animals or their infected surroundings. For most people, it’s a mild infection similar to the flu and can be treated easily. But for a few people, it can lead to serious health issues such as pneumonia and hepatitis. […] Q fever vaccination is advised for people who work with animals. For information about prevention, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment, see healthdirect’s Q fever page. […] Q fever is a nationally notifiable disease.

• #58 Q fever – including symptoms, treatment and prevention | SA Health

  https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/conditions/infectious+diseases/q+fever/q+fever+including+symptoms+treatment+and+prevention

  Q fever is an infection caused by Coxiella burnetii, a type of bacterium found worldwide except New Zealand. The infection is almost always related to direct or indirect contact with animals such as cattle, sheep or goats, although a wide range of animals including cats, dogs and kangaroos may carry the infection. Infection in animals is probably common, but infected animals often have no signs or symptoms. […] Only about half of all people infected with Coxiella burnetii show signs of clinical illness. However, the onset of symptoms is usually sudden, with one or more of the following: fever, which may last up to 4 weeks, severe headache, sweats and chills, fatigue and prolonged fatigue (post Q fever fatigue syndrome) may follow infection, muscle aches, confusion, sore throat, dry cough, chest pain on breathing, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain.

• #59 Q fever | Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care

  https://www.health.gov.au/diseases/q-fever

  Q fever is an infection caused by the bacteria Coxiella burnetii, which usually spreads to people from animals or their infected surroundings. For most people, it’s a mild infection similar to the flu and can be treated easily. But for a few people, it can lead to serious health issues such as pneumonia and hepatitis. […] Q fever vaccination is advised for people who work with animals. For information about prevention, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment, see healthdirect’s Q fever page. […] Q fever is a nationally notifiable disease.

• #60 Q-Fever – NYC Health

  https://www.nyc.gov/site/doh/health/health-topics/q-fever.page

  Exposure to C. burnetii does not always lead to illness. Only about half of all people infected with C. burnetii become ill. In those who do, Q fever often begins with sudden onset of one or more of the following: high fever (up to 104-105 F), severe headache, fatigue, muscle pain, confusion, sore throat, chills, sweats, dry cough, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and chest pain. Fever usually lasts for 1-2 weeks. Weight loss can occur and last for some time. A majority of Q fever patients also have abnormal test results, indicating their liver is not functioning correctly. Some will develop inflammation of the liver (hepatitis) and others may get lung infections (pneumonia). […] In general, most people with Q fever recover to good health within a few weeks without treatment. Although uncommon, some people with untreated infection can remain ill for months, which is called chronic Q fever. This is a much more serious and more difficult to treat disease and can involve severe heart infections. Patients with pre-existing heart valve disorders, transplant recipients, patients with cancer, and those with chronic kidney disease are at greater risk of developing chronic Q fever. Of the 1 to 2 percent of people with Q fever who die of the disease, most had chronic infections of the heart. […] Symptoms of Q fever usually occur within 2-3 weeks of exposure, although some people get ill as long as 6 weeks later. Persons who were exposed to a large number of C. burnetii may become ill in a shorter amount of time than persons who were exposed to fewer organisms.

• #61 Q Fever – Rare Awareness Rare Education

  https://rareportal.org.au/rare-disease/q-fever/

  Symptoms of Q fever include a severe flu-like illness, such as fever and chills, sweats, severe headache (particularly behind the eyes), cough, muscle pain, weakness, fatigue and weight loss. The time for symptoms to first appear can vary between 4 days to 6 weeks from exposure, but in most cases it is after 2-3 weeks. […] In rare cases, Q Fever can develop into a chronic form, with complications affecting the heart, bone and joints, or chronic fatigue. […] Early recognition and immediate treatment of Q Fever are essential. Whilst the infections are usually acute, it can develop into a chronic infection with various other complications. Those at increased risk of developing chronic Q fever include immunosuppressed individuals, pregnant women and people with heart disease or complications.

Zobacz więcej