Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Dyshidrotic Eczema (Pompholyx): Background, Etiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1122527-overview

  The etiology of dyshidrotic eczema is unresolved and is believed to be multifactorial. Dyshidrotic eczema is considered to be a reaction pattern caused by various endogenous conditions and exogenous factors. […] However, hyperhidrosis is an aggravating factor in 40% of patients with dyshidrotic eczema. Improvement in pruritus, erythema, vesicles, and hand dermatitis with fewer or no signs of relapse has been obtained after onabotulinumtoxinA injection. […] Dyshidrotic eczema may be associated with atopy and familial atopy. Of patients with dyshidrosis, 50% have atopic dermatitis. […] Exogenous factors (eg, contact dermatitis to nickel, balsam, cobalt; sensitivity to ingested metals; dermatophyte infection; bacterial infection) may trigger episodes. These antigens may act as haptens with a specific affinity for palmoplantar proteins of the stratum lucidum of the epidermis. The binding of these haptens to tissue receptor sites may initiate pompholyx.

• #1 Dyshidrosis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyshidrosis

  Causes Unknown. […] Whilst the exact causes of the condition are currently unknown, its triggers may include food allergens from a wide range of foods, including tuna, tomato, pineapple, chocolate, coffee, and spices among others, physical or mental stress, frequent hand washing, or metals. […] A number of studies have implicated balsam of Peru. […] A 2013 study found that dyshidrosis on the hands increased among those allergic to house dust mites, following inhalation of house dust mite allergen. […] Id reaction and irritant contact dermatitis are also possible causes. […] In 2005, researchers from Anhui Medical University and the Chinese National Human Genome Center, Beijing, theorizing that mutations in single genes could predispose the condition, ran a study of a Chinese family with the condition present across four generations via autosomal dominant inheritance. Their analysis of haplotypes within the family identified a locus for the condition on chromosome 18.

• #1 Dyshidrosis | 5-Minute Clinical Consult

  https://www.unboundmedicine.com/5minute/view/5-Minute-Clinical-Consult/1688690/all/Dyshidrosis

  Exact mechanism is unknown; thought to be multifactorial (allergies, genetics, and dermatophyte infection implicated) […] Immunologic reaction: theorized that rapid rise in immunoglobulin levels may precipitate vesicle formation […] Aggravating factors (debated) […] Hyperhidrosis (in 40% of patients with the condition) […] Dermatophyte infection (present in 10% of patients with the condition) […] Genetics: Atopy: 50% of patients with dyshidrotic eczema have atopic dermatitis. […] Rare autosomal dominant form of pompholyx found in Chinese population maps to chromosome 18q22.118q22.3.

• #1 Dyshidrosis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dyshidrosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20352342

  Dyshidrosis causes small, fluid-filled blisters to form on the soles of the feet, the palms of the hands or sides of the fingers. […] The cause of dyshidrosis isn’t known. It tends to happen in people who have a skin condition called atopic dermatitis (eczema) and allergic conditions, such as hay fever or glove allergy. Dyshidrosis isn’t contagious. […] Risk factors for dyshidrosis include: Stress. Dyshidrosis appears to be more common during times of emotional or physical stress. Exposure to certain metals. These include cobalt and nickel often in an industrial setting. Sensitive skin. People who develop a rash after contact with certain irritants are more likely to form the blisters of dyshidrosis. Atopic dermatitis. Some people with atopic dermatitis may have dyshidrosis.

• #1 Pompholyx Eczema – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/pompholyx-eczema

  The cause is unknown. The condition seems to appear during certain times of the year. […] You are more likely to develop pompholyx eczema when: […] Women seem to be more prone to developing the condition more than men are.

• #1 Dyshidrotic Eczema (Dyshidrosis): Symptoms, Causes, Treatments

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17728-dyshidrotic-eczema

  Dyshidrotic eczema is a common skin condition that causes blisters and itchy skin. Healthcare providers aren’t sure what causes dyshidrotic eczema. Triggers may include allergies, stress and frequently moist or sweaty hands and feet. […] Healthcare workers and researchers don’t know exactly what causes dyshidrosis. A combination of triggers can cause dyshidrosis flare-ups, including: […] Exposure to certain substances, including cement, nickel, cobalt and chromium, may trigger dyshidrotic eczema. Other allergies, including hay fever (allergic rhinitis) or food allergies, may also cause flare-ups. […] About 50% of dyshidrotic eczema cases occur in people who have allergic reactions when they touch an antigen. Researchers think that females may be more likely to develop dyshidrotic eczema because they more frequently interact with certain antigens, like nickel and cobalt in jewelry.

• #1 Dyshidrotic Eczema: Pictures, Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/eczema/dyshidrotic-eczema

  Dyshidrotic eczema causes blisters on your hands and feet as well as other symptoms. […] Doctors aren’t sure what causes dyshidrotic eczema. It mostly affects adults aged 20-40, and you’re more likely to get it if you have allergies such as hay fever, a family history of dyshidrotic eczema, or other forms of eczema. […] While doctors don’t know precisely what causes dyshidrotic eczema, it often runs in families, which suggests it might be genetic. […] Several things can set off dyshidrotic eczema, including: Stress, Contact with metals such as nickel, cobalt, or chromium salts on your job or from things such as costume jewelry, Sweaty or wet hands and feet, Warm, humid weather, HIV infection, Certain treatments for a weak immune system (immunoglobulin), Seasonal allergies.

• #1 Dyshidrotic Eczema (Pompholyx): Background, Etiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1122527-overview

  Nickel sensitivity may be a significant factor in dyshidrotic eczema. It was reported to be low in some studies of dyshrosis patients but significantly elevated in others. Increased nickel excretion in the urine has been reported during exacerbations of pompholyx. […] Oral ingestion of cobalt manifests systemic allergic dermatitis as dyshidrotic eczema less frequently than oral ingestion of nickel does. […] Dyshidrotic eczema outbreaks are sometimes associated with exposure to other sensitizing chemicals or metals (eg, chromium, carba mix, fragrance mix, diaminodiphenylmethane, dichromates, benzoisothiazolones, paraphenylenediamine, perfumes, fragrances, balsam of Peru, or Primula plant). […] This is a possible factor in dyshidrotic eczema. Many patients report recurrences of pompholyx during stressful periods. […] Isolated reports have described other possible causative factors (eg, aspirin ingestion, oral contraceptive use, cigarette smoking, and the presence of implanted metals). […] Pompholyx caused by UVA exposure may possibly be considered a variation of seasonal (summer) pompholyx.

• #1 Dyshidrotic Eczema (Pompholyx): Background, Etiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1122527-overview

  Evidence shows that the ingestion of metal ions such as cobalt can induce type I and type IV hypersensitivity reactions. In addition, they can also act as atypical haptens, activating T lymphocytes through human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-independent pathways, causing systemic allergic dermatitis in the form of dyshidrotic eczema. […] Emotional stress and environmental factors (eg, seasonal changes, hot or cold temperatures, and humidity) have been reported to exacerbate dyshidrosis. […] In some patients, a distant fungal infection can cause palmar pompholyx as an id reaction. […] Chronic hand dermatitis, including dyshidrotic eczema, has also been associated with defects in the skin barrier, and in a few cases, it has also been associated with mutations in the filaggrin gene; however, these have not reached statistical significance.

• #1 Understanding Dyshidrotic Eczema: Causes and Relief

  https://skinfriend.com/blogs/news/understanding-dyshidrotic-eczema-causes-and-relief

  While the exact cause isnt fully understood, several factors are known to contribute to dyshidrotic eczema, like stress, smoking, allergies (including nickel and cobalt), and environmental irritants. […] Stress is one of the most common triggers for dyshidrotic eczema. When your body is under stress, it releases hormones that can exacerbate inflammation and weaken the skin barrier, making it more susceptible to flare-ups. […] Nutritional imbalances can also play a significant role in the development and severity of dyshidrotic eczema. Deficiencies in key vitamins, such as B2 (riboflavin), B5 (pantothenic acid), and Nicotinamide (vitamin B3), can weaken the skin barrier and hinder its ability to repair itself.

• #1 Dyshidrotic Eczema: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment | National Eczema Association

  https://nationaleczema.org/eczema/types-of-eczema/dyshidrotic-eczema/

  The actual cause of dyshidrotic eczema is not known. It is often more common in people who have another form of eczema, such as atopic dermatitis. It also tends to run in families, suggesting a genetic component. […] Some common dyshidrotic eczema triggers include: Contact allergens, particularly nickel and chromium, an irritant or allergen in laundry detergent, lifestyle factors such as stress, frequently wet hands or feet, certain occupations that require extensive hand washing, sweaty palms, smoking tobacco, environmental factors like seasonal allergies and hot, humid weather, some medications, and a skin infection, such as athlete’s foot.

• #1 Dyshidrotic Eczema (Pompholyx) Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Complications

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1122527-clinical

  Patients may report a variety of factors that possibly are related to eruptions, as follows: […] Certain work exposures (eg, cobalt) or recreational exposures […] Recent exposure to contact allergens (eg, nickel, balsams, paraphenylenediamine, chromate, or sesquiterpene lactones) before condition flares […] Exposure to contact irritants before condition flares […] Recent exposure to costume jewelry (patients with palmar pompholyx and allergy to nickel) […] HIV infection […] Colebunders et al reported two cases of HIV-positive patients who developed dyshidrotic eczema as an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome shortly after highly active antiretroviral therapy. […] Pompholyx has also been described as a manifestation of symptomatic HIV infection, including in individuals who do not respond to topical and systemic therapies and whose condition resolves only after the initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy. […] Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced dyshidrotic eczema has been described with tremelimumab.

• #1 Dyshidrotic eczema on the feet – MOST Skincare

  https://www.mostskincare.com/en/foot-skin-problems/dyshidrotic-eczema-on-the-feet/?srsltid=AfmBOoqrQ5plLr7U6JBe1A7ajjcPR3F0xhqTpK3-uVuFvthpPgzfY_t-

  Dyshidrotic eczema (also known as pompholyx or dyshidrosis) causes itchy skin and small, fluid-filled blisters. This condition usually appears on the soles of the feet and can be either reactive or inflammatory. […] Dyshidrotic eczema is usually a reactive disorder whereby many white blood cells (leukocytes) migrate from the blood into the skin. Once present in the skin, these cells form the blisters or pustules that characterize dyshidrotic eczema. […] As with psoriasis or atopic dermatitis, there is no one definite cause of dyshidrotic eczema. Some common triggers include: stress, seasonal changes, contact with irritants, secondary infections from the streptococcal bacterial family, secondary infections from the dermatophyte bacterial family.

• #1 The cause of dyshidrotic eczema is an irritant reaction of the skin.

  https://www.dermaguard.eu/dyshidrotic-eczema

  The cause of dyshidrotic eczema is weakened skin barrier function. This weakening can occur due to congenital atopy, allergies, or acquired hypersensitivity to certain irritants. […] A weakened skin barrier cannot fully resist the surrounding environment and reacts with inflammation.

• #1

  https://balmonds.com/blogs/blog/what-foods-cause-dyshidrotic-eczema

  Dyshidrotic eczema can be caused by many things; in this blog we ask whether food is one of its many triggers. […] Although its not totally clear what causes some people to get dyshidrosis when others dont, several things have been identified as potential triggers for the condition, including household chemicals, soap, hand sanitiser, alcohol, stress, damp, fungal infections and excess sweating. […] A significant proportion of eczema sufferers have true food allergies and symptoms may include a flare up of dyshidrosis. […] It also seems that nickel and cobalt are particular problems for dyshidrosis sufferers, both as contact allergies and when theyre present in someones diet. […] Managing dyshidrosis through your diet would involve avoiding foods that contain cobalt and nickel, as well as other potentially problematic ingredients, and then boosting your diet with skin-friendly nutrients, so it can build up resilience against further attacks. […] However, if you do succeed in pinpointing what your unique triggers are, it could make the world of difference to your hands or feet!

• #2 Dyshidrotic Eczema: A Common Cause of Palmar Dermatitis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7647841/

  Dyshidrotic eczema (DE) or acute palmoplantar eczema is a common cause of hand and foot dermatitis in adults. […] The exact cause of DE has not been established, but there are several risk factors for its occurrence, including atopic dermatitis, exposure to contact allergens and/or irritants, hyperhidrosis, smoking, exposure to ultraviolet light, and intravenous immunoglobulin use. […] The term dyshidrosis was first used in 1873 to describe the blistering of the palms and soles, which was believed to be related to the sweat glands. However, DE is not related to any abnormality of the sweat glands. […] The exact prevalence of DE is unknown but it accounts for approximately 5-20% of the causes of hand eczema.

• #2 Dyshidrotic Eczema (Dyshidrosis): Symptoms, Causes, Treatments

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17728-dyshidrotic-eczema

  Dyshidrotic eczema is a common skin condition that causes blisters and itchy skin. Healthcare providers aren’t sure what causes dyshidrotic eczema. Triggers may include allergies, stress and frequently moist or sweaty hands and feet. […] Healthcare workers and researchers don’t know exactly what causes dyshidrosis. A combination of triggers can cause dyshidrosis flare-ups, including: […] Exposure to certain substances, including cement, nickel, cobalt and chromium, may trigger dyshidrotic eczema. Other allergies, including hay fever (allergic rhinitis) or food allergies, may also cause flare-ups. […] About 50% of dyshidrotic eczema cases occur in people who have allergic reactions when they touch an antigen. Researchers think that females may be more likely to develop dyshidrotic eczema because they more frequently interact with certain antigens, like nickel and cobalt in jewelry.

• #2 Dyshidrosis | 5-Minute Clinical Consult

  https://www.unboundmedicine.com/5minute/view/5-Minute-Clinical-Consult/1688690/all/Dyshidrosis

  Exact mechanism is unknown; thought to be multifactorial (allergies, genetics, and dermatophyte infection implicated) […] Immunologic reaction: theorized that rapid rise in immunoglobulin levels may precipitate vesicle formation […] Aggravating factors (debated) […] Hyperhidrosis (in 40% of patients with the condition) […] Dermatophyte infection (present in 10% of patients with the condition) […] Genetics: Atopy: 50% of patients with dyshidrotic eczema have atopic dermatitis. […] Rare autosomal dominant form of pompholyx found in Chinese population maps to chromosome 18q22.118q22.3.

• #2 Pompholyx (dyshidrotic) eczema – National Eczema Society

  https://eczema.org/information-and-advice/types-of-eczema/pompholyx-eczema-2/

  Pompholyx eczema (also known as dyshidrotic eczema) is a type of eczema that affects the hands and feet. […] The exact causes of pompholyx eczema are not known. It is thought that stress, sensitivity to metal compounds (such as nickel, cobalt or chromate), heat and sweating can aggravate this condition. […] Fifty percent (50%) of people with pompholyx have atopic eczema as well, or a family history of atopic eczema. […] Pompholyx eczema can coexist with fungal infections, so assessment should include checking for the presence of any fungal infection on the hands and/or feet. […] The hands and feet are also prone to contact dermatitis. This can take one of two forms: irritant contact dermatitis or allergic contact dermatitis. […] An irritant reaction could be the result of contact with potential irritants such as soap, detergents, solvents, acids/alkalis, chemicals and soil.

• #2 Dyshidrotic Eczema: Pictures, Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/eczema/dyshidrotic-eczema

  Dyshidrotic eczema causes blisters on your hands and feet as well as other symptoms. […] Doctors aren’t sure what causes dyshidrotic eczema. It mostly affects adults aged 20-40, and you’re more likely to get it if you have allergies such as hay fever, a family history of dyshidrotic eczema, or other forms of eczema. […] While doctors don’t know precisely what causes dyshidrotic eczema, it often runs in families, which suggests it might be genetic. […] Several things can set off dyshidrotic eczema, including: Stress, Contact with metals such as nickel, cobalt, or chromium salts on your job or from things such as costume jewelry, Sweaty or wet hands and feet, Warm, humid weather, HIV infection, Certain treatments for a weak immune system (immunoglobulin), Seasonal allergies.

• #2 Pompholyx eczema: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000832.htm

  Pompholyx eczema is a condition in which small blisters develop on the hands and feet. The cause is unknown. The condition seems to appear during certain times of the year. […] You are more likely to develop pompholyx eczema when: You are under stress, You have allergies, such as hay fever, You have dermatitis elsewhere, Your hands are often in water or are moist, You work with cement or do other work that exposes your hands to chromium, cobalt, or nickel. […] Women seem to be more prone to developing the condition more than men are.

• #2 Eczema types: Dyshidrotic eczema causes

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/eczema/types/dyshidrotic-eczema/causes

  Your risk of developing dyshidrotic eczema increases if you have one or more of the following: […] Dyshidrotic eczema can also begin earlier or later in life. While rare, children sometimes develop this disease. […] This is still a bit of a mystery. In studying this disease, researchers have learned that it is NOT caused by a problem with a persons sweat ducts, as previously thought. […] It appears that people who get dyshidrotic eczema have a hypersensitivity to something. The list of things that can cause this hypersensitivity include: […] When you come into contact with something that causes a hypersensitivity, its thought that this triggers the dyshidrotic eczema. […] Some people find that dyshidrotic eczema flares only at certain times. You may develop dyshidrotic eczema only when you feel stressed out. […] If you have dyshidrotic eczema, however, stress may trigger a flare-up. […] A change in weather can also trigger a flare-up. […] Another seasonal trigger may be the suns UVA rays. During the spring and summer months, when UVA rays are strongest, some people find that dyshidrotic eczema flares.

• #2 Dyshidrotic Eczema (Pompholyx): Background, Etiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1122527-overview

  The etiology of dyshidrotic eczema is unresolved and is believed to be multifactorial. Dyshidrotic eczema is considered to be a reaction pattern caused by various endogenous conditions and exogenous factors. […] However, hyperhidrosis is an aggravating factor in 40% of patients with dyshidrotic eczema. Improvement in pruritus, erythema, vesicles, and hand dermatitis with fewer or no signs of relapse has been obtained after onabotulinumtoxinA injection. […] Dyshidrotic eczema may be associated with atopy and familial atopy. Of patients with dyshidrosis, 50% have atopic dermatitis. […] Exogenous factors (eg, contact dermatitis to nickel, balsam, cobalt; sensitivity to ingested metals; dermatophyte infection; bacterial infection) may trigger episodes. These antigens may act as haptens with a specific affinity for palmoplantar proteins of the stratum lucidum of the epidermis. The binding of these haptens to tissue receptor sites may initiate pompholyx.

• #2 Dyshidrosis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dyshidrosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20352342

  Dyshidrosis causes small, fluid-filled blisters to form on the soles of the feet, the palms of the hands or sides of the fingers. […] The cause of dyshidrosis isn’t known. It tends to happen in people who have a skin condition called atopic dermatitis (eczema) and allergic conditions, such as hay fever or glove allergy. Dyshidrosis isn’t contagious. […] Risk factors for dyshidrosis include: Stress. Dyshidrosis appears to be more common during times of emotional or physical stress. Exposure to certain metals. These include cobalt and nickel often in an industrial setting. Sensitive skin. People who develop a rash after contact with certain irritants are more likely to form the blisters of dyshidrosis. Atopic dermatitis. Some people with atopic dermatitis may have dyshidrosis.

• #2

  https://balmonds.com/blogs/blog/what-foods-cause-dyshidrotic-eczema

  Dyshidrotic eczema can be caused by many things; in this blog we ask whether food is one of its many triggers. […] Although its not totally clear what causes some people to get dyshidrosis when others dont, several things have been identified as potential triggers for the condition, including household chemicals, soap, hand sanitiser, alcohol, stress, damp, fungal infections and excess sweating. […] A significant proportion of eczema sufferers have true food allergies and symptoms may include a flare up of dyshidrosis. […] It also seems that nickel and cobalt are particular problems for dyshidrosis sufferers, both as contact allergies and when theyre present in someones diet. […] Managing dyshidrosis through your diet would involve avoiding foods that contain cobalt and nickel, as well as other potentially problematic ingredients, and then boosting your diet with skin-friendly nutrients, so it can build up resilience against further attacks. […] However, if you do succeed in pinpointing what your unique triggers are, it could make the world of difference to your hands or feet!

• #2 Dyshidrotic Eczema (Dyshidrosis): Overview,Symptoms, causes, and treatment

  https://www.acko.com/health-insurance/dyshidrosis/

  The exact reason behind the disease is not entirely known. It is linked to atopic dermatitis (eczema), skin ailment, and allergy disorders such as hay fever. […] Allergens, physical or emotional stress, frequent hand washing, and metals can all be triggers. About half of all dyshidrotic eczema occurrences occur in patients with allergic responses when they come into contact with an antigen. […] Following inhalation of home dust mite allergen, a 2013 study discovered that Dyshidrosis on the hands increased among people sensitive to house dust mites. […] Foods linked to Dyshidrosis include tuna, tomato, pineapple, chocolate, coffee, and spices. […] Sweaty or wet hands or feet may trigger dyshidrotic eczema.

• #2 Dyshidrotic Eczema (Pompholyx): Background, Etiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1122527-overview

  Evidence shows that the ingestion of metal ions such as cobalt can induce type I and type IV hypersensitivity reactions. In addition, they can also act as atypical haptens, activating T lymphocytes through human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-independent pathways, causing systemic allergic dermatitis in the form of dyshidrotic eczema. […] Emotional stress and environmental factors (eg, seasonal changes, hot or cold temperatures, and humidity) have been reported to exacerbate dyshidrosis. […] In some patients, a distant fungal infection can cause palmar pompholyx as an id reaction. […] Chronic hand dermatitis, including dyshidrotic eczema, has also been associated with defects in the skin barrier, and in a few cases, it has also been associated with mutations in the filaggrin gene; however, these have not reached statistical significance.

• #2 Dyshidrotic eczema (Pompholyx, Vesicular Hand Eczema) — DermNet

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/dyshidrotic-eczema

  The cause of dyshidrotic eczema (pompholyx) is not known. […] It is not related to occlusion of sweat glands as was first thought when the disease was recognised over 100 years ago, but there are some factors associated with the disorder, including: […] Atopy the evidence is mixed with some reporting it as a risk and others not […] Contact dermatitis: […] Allergic contact dermatitis to a variety of antigens including nickel, chromium, and cobalt […] Irritant contact dermatitis may exacerbate the condition. […] Fungal infection Tinea pedis can be associated with a dyshidrotic-like eruption […] Photoinduction associated with ultraviolet A exposure […] Immunoglobulin therapy […] Hyperhidrosis excessive sweating is an aggravating factor […] Other factors: […] Seasonal variation can also aggravate a recurrence […] Smoking […] Oral contraceptive pill […] Aspirin.

• #2 Dyshidrotic Dermatitis Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/dyshidrotic-dermatitis-pompholyx-1069255

  Dyshidrotic dermatitis is a skin condition characterized by small, itchy blisters over the palms, fingers, or the soles of the feet. […] The cause of dyshidrotic dermatitis isn’t known. […] There is a strong link between this condition and atopic dermatitis. […] Dyshidrotic dermatitis is also more common if you have seasonal allergies or a history of contact dermatitis. […] Many factors can contribute to a flareup of dyshidrotic dermatitis or make an existing rash worse: Contact with metal, especially nickel: Common exposures include zippers, jewelry, coins, and belt buckles. […] Prolonged damp hands or feet: People who work in professions that require their hands to be in contact with water many times per day (for example, hair stylists and medical professionals) may develop dyshidrotic eczema on their hands. […] Hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating): In addition to being wet, sweat may irritate the skin. […] Weather: Temperature extremes or changes in humidity may trigger a flare. […] Emotional stress: Emotional stress can trigger a flare.

• #2 Dyshidrotic Eczema (Pompholyx) Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Complications

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1122527-clinical

  Patients may report a variety of factors that possibly are related to eruptions, as follows: […] Certain work exposures (eg, cobalt) or recreational exposures […] Recent exposure to contact allergens (eg, nickel, balsams, paraphenylenediamine, chromate, or sesquiterpene lactones) before condition flares […] Exposure to contact irritants before condition flares […] Recent exposure to costume jewelry (patients with palmar pompholyx and allergy to nickel) […] HIV infection […] Colebunders et al reported two cases of HIV-positive patients who developed dyshidrotic eczema as an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome shortly after highly active antiretroviral therapy. […] Pompholyx has also been described as a manifestation of symptomatic HIV infection, including in individuals who do not respond to topical and systemic therapies and whose condition resolves only after the initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy. […] Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced dyshidrotic eczema has been described with tremelimumab.

• #2 Dyshidrosis, causes, symptoms and treatments

  https://www.centrethermalavene.com/en/your-skin/dyshydrosis

  What causes dyshidrosis ? […] This is not yet well known. Dyshidrosis is an eczema reaction, undoubtedly in response to various triggering factors that are not always evident. […] In some cases no cause is found. These dyshidrosis cases progress in more or less frequent flare-ups, which are sometimes seasonal, confined to spring and summer, suggesting that heat and excessive sweating may play a role. […] Dyshidrosis is sometimes a reaction to an fungal infection (dermatophytes) that invades the plantar interdigital spaces. It can also be genuine allergic contact dermatitis, especially caused by metals. Dyshidrosis can also occur in atopic eczema but it is not typical of this condition. It could also be triggered by injections (Immunoglobulins, anti-IL-17 monoclonal antibodies). […] Finally, it has also been suggested that aggravating factors such as tobacco, alcohol and coffee consumption or stress could have a role.

• #3 Dyshidrotic eczema: Symptoms and treatment for hands and feet – Prospera Biotech

  https://www.prosperabiotech.com/en/blog/dishydrotic-eczema-causes-and-treatment/

  Dyshidrosis is a skin condition easily identified by painful blisters, known as vesicles, that form on the hands, feet, or both. […] Despite its name suggesting a link to sweat glands, dyshidrotic eczema is not caused by their dysfunction. The exact cause is unclear, but it is more common in individuals with other types of eczema and tends to run in families, pointing to a genetic component. […] The causes of dyshidrosis are not entirely understood, but several risk factors can trigger or worsen the condition. These include psychophysical stress, exposure to certain metals, humidity and heat, atopy or a family history of atopy, and external irritants.

• #3 Dyshidrotic Eczema (Dyshidrosis): Symptoms, Causes, Treatments

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17728-dyshidrotic-eczema

  Dyshidrotic eczema is a common skin condition that causes blisters and itchy skin. Healthcare providers aren’t sure what causes dyshidrotic eczema. Triggers may include allergies, stress and frequently moist or sweaty hands and feet. […] Healthcare workers and researchers don’t know exactly what causes dyshidrosis. A combination of triggers can cause dyshidrosis flare-ups, including: […] Exposure to certain substances, including cement, nickel, cobalt and chromium, may trigger dyshidrotic eczema. Other allergies, including hay fever (allergic rhinitis) or food allergies, may also cause flare-ups. […] About 50% of dyshidrotic eczema cases occur in people who have allergic reactions when they touch an antigen. Researchers think that females may be more likely to develop dyshidrotic eczema because they more frequently interact with certain antigens, like nickel and cobalt in jewelry.

• #3 Dyshidrotic Eczema: Pictures, Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/eczema/dyshidrotic-eczema

  Dyshidrotic eczema causes blisters on your hands and feet as well as other symptoms. […] Doctors aren’t sure what causes dyshidrotic eczema. It mostly affects adults aged 20-40, and you’re more likely to get it if you have allergies such as hay fever, a family history of dyshidrotic eczema, or other forms of eczema. […] While doctors don’t know precisely what causes dyshidrotic eczema, it often runs in families, which suggests it might be genetic. […] Several things can set off dyshidrotic eczema, including: Stress, Contact with metals such as nickel, cobalt, or chromium salts on your job or from things such as costume jewelry, Sweaty or wet hands and feet, Warm, humid weather, HIV infection, Certain treatments for a weak immune system (immunoglobulin), Seasonal allergies.

• #3 Dyshidrosis, causes, symptoms and treatments

  https://www.centrethermalavene.com/en/your-skin/dyshydrosis

  What causes dyshidrosis ? […] This is not yet well known. Dyshidrosis is an eczema reaction, undoubtedly in response to various triggering factors that are not always evident. […] In some cases no cause is found. These dyshidrosis cases progress in more or less frequent flare-ups, which are sometimes seasonal, confined to spring and summer, suggesting that heat and excessive sweating may play a role. […] Dyshidrosis is sometimes a reaction to an fungal infection (dermatophytes) that invades the plantar interdigital spaces. It can also be genuine allergic contact dermatitis, especially caused by metals. Dyshidrosis can also occur in atopic eczema but it is not typical of this condition. It could also be triggered by injections (Immunoglobulins, anti-IL-17 monoclonal antibodies). […] Finally, it has also been suggested that aggravating factors such as tobacco, alcohol and coffee consumption or stress could have a role.

• #3 Eczema types: Dyshidrotic eczema causes

  https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/eczema/types/dyshidrotic-eczema/causes

  Your risk of developing dyshidrotic eczema increases if you have one or more of the following: […] Dyshidrotic eczema can also begin earlier or later in life. While rare, children sometimes develop this disease. […] This is still a bit of a mystery. In studying this disease, researchers have learned that it is NOT caused by a problem with a persons sweat ducts, as previously thought. […] It appears that people who get dyshidrotic eczema have a hypersensitivity to something. The list of things that can cause this hypersensitivity include: […] When you come into contact with something that causes a hypersensitivity, its thought that this triggers the dyshidrotic eczema. […] Some people find that dyshidrotic eczema flares only at certain times. You may develop dyshidrotic eczema only when you feel stressed out. […] If you have dyshidrotic eczema, however, stress may trigger a flare-up. […] A change in weather can also trigger a flare-up. […] Another seasonal trigger may be the suns UVA rays. During the spring and summer months, when UVA rays are strongest, some people find that dyshidrotic eczema flares.

• #3 Pompholyx (dyshidrotic eczema) | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/pompholyx-dyshidrotic-eczema

  It’s not clear exactly what causes pompholyx, but it may be triggered or made worse by: […] a fungal skin infection this may be on the hands or at a distant site from the blisters (such as in between the toes) and will need treating […] a reaction to something that has touched your skin such as certain metals (particularly nickel), detergents, household chemicals, soap, shampoo, cosmetic products or perfume […] stress […] sweating pompholyx is more common in spring and summer, in warmer climates, and in people with Excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis).

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