Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8544364/

  Melanoma accounts for 1.7% of global cancer diagnoses and is the fifth most common cancer in the US. Melanoma incidence is rising in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries, growing over 320% in the US since 1975. […] However, US mortality has fallen almost 30% over the past decade with the approval of 10 new targeted or immunotherapy agents since 2011. […] Although the overall 5-year survival has risen to 93.3% in the US, survival for stage IV disease remains only 29.8%. […] Melanoma is most common in white, older men, with an average age of diagnosis of 65. Outdoor UV exposure without protection is the main risk factor, although indoor tanning beds, immunosuppression, family history and rare congenital diseases, moles, and obesity contribute to the disease. […] In the US, melanoma incidence is not projected to peak until 2022-2026.

• #2 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/resolver?pii=medsci9040063

  Melanoma accounts for 1.7% of global cancer diagnoses and is the fifth most common cancer in the US. Melanoma incidence is rising in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries, growing over 320% in the US since 1975. […] However, US mortality has fallen almost 30% over the past decade with the approval of 10 new targeted or immunotherapy agents since 2011. […] Although the overall 5-year survival has risen to 93.3% in the US, survival for stage IV disease remains only 29.8%. […] Melanoma is most common in white, older men, with an average age of diagnosis of 65. Outdoor UV exposure without protection is the main risk factor, although indoor tanning beds, immunosuppression, family history and rare congenital diseases, moles, and obesity contribute to the disease. […] In the US, melanoma incidence is not projected to peak until 2022–2026.

• #3 Melanoma Skin Cancer Statistics | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/melanoma-skin-cancer/about/key-statistics.html

  Cancer of the skin is by far the most common of all cancers in the United States. Melanoma accounts for only about 1% of skin cancers but causes a large majority of skin cancer deaths. […] The American Cancer Societys estimates for melanoma in the United States for 2025 are: About 104,960 new melanomas will be diagnosed (about 60,550 in men and 44,410 in women). About 8,430 people are expected to die of melanoma (about 5,470 men and 2,960 women). […] Changes in the rates of new melanomas vary by age and sex. In people younger than 50, the rates have been stable among women and have declined by about 1% a year in men since the early 2000s. In people ages 50 and older, rates increased in women by about 3% per year but have stayed stable among men. […] Melanoma death rates declined rapidly from 2013 to 2022, largely because of advances in treatment. […] The risk of melanoma increases as people age. The average age of people when it is diagnosed is 66. But melanoma is not uncommon even among those younger than 30. In fact, its one of the most common cancers in young adults (especially young women).

• #4 Skin cancer – IARC

  https://www.iarc.who.int/cancer-type/skin-cancer/

  Skin cancers are the most common groups of cancers diagnosed worldwide, with more than 1.5 million new cases estimated in 2022. In 2022, an estimated 330 000 new cases of melanoma were diagnosed worldwide and almost 60 000 people died from the disease. There are large geographical variations in melanoma incidence rates across countries and world regions. In most world regions, melanoma occurs more frequently in men than in women. […] Global burden of cutaneous melanoma in 2020 and projections to 2040.

• #5 Skin cancer statistics | World Cancer Research Fund

  https://www.wcrf.org/preventing-cancer/cancer-statistics/skin-cancer-statistics/

  Skin cancer is the 17th most common cancer worldwide. It is the 14th most common cancer in men and the 14th most common cancer in women. […] There were 331,722 new cases of skin cancer in 2022. The tables below give information about the countries with the highest rates, incidence and mortality from skin cancer referred to as melanoma of the skin in GLOBOCAN. […] The US, Germany and the UK had the highest number of skin cancer cases in 2022. […] The US, China and Russia had the highest number of deaths from skin cancer in 2022.

• #6 Malignant Melanoma: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/280245-overview

  Worldwide, the incidence of malignant melanoma has increased rapidly over the past 50 years, with the highest incidence in fair-skinned populations and in geographic areas closest to the equator. Australia and New Zealand have the highest incidence of melanoma in the world, at an age-standardized rate of 32.5 cases per 100,000 population. […] Melanoma is more common in Whites than in Blacks and Asians. The rate of melanoma in Blacks is estimated to be one twentieth that of Whites. White people with dark skin also have a much lower risk of developing melanoma than do those with light skin. The typical patient with melanoma has fair skin and a tendency to sunburn rather than tan. White people with blond or red hair and profuse freckling appear to be most prone to melanomas. In Hawaii and the southwestern United States, Whites have the highest incidence, approximately 20-30 cases per 100,000 population per year.

• #7 Melanoma of the Skin — Cancer Stat Facts

  https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/melan.html

  Estimated New Cases in 2025 104,960. […] % of All New Cancer Cases 5.1%. […] Estimated Deaths in 2025 8,430. […] % of All Cancer Deaths 1.4%. […] Rate of New Cases and Deaths per 100,000: The rate of new cases of melanoma of the skin was 21.9 per 100,000 men and women per year. The death rate was 2.0 per 100,000 men and women per year. These rates are age-adjusted and based on 2018–2022 cases and 2019–2023 deaths. […] Lifetime Risk of Developing Cancer: Approximately 2.2 percent of men and women will be diagnosed with melanoma of the skin at some point during their lifetime, based on 2018–2021 data, excluding 2020 due to COVID. […] In 2022, there were an estimated 1,504,676 people living with melanoma of the skin in the United States. […] Melanoma is more common in men than women and among individuals of fair complexion and those who have been exposed to natural or artificial sunlight (such as tanning beds) over long periods of time.

• #8 Melanoma Skin Cancer Statistics | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/melanoma-skin-cancer/about/key-statistics.html

  Cancer of the skin is by far the most common of all cancers in the United States. Melanoma accounts for only about 1% of skin cancers but causes a large majority of skin cancer deaths. […] The American Cancer Societys estimates for melanoma in the United States for 2025 are: About 104,960 new melanomas will be diagnosed (about 60,550 in men and 44,410 in women). About 8,430 people are expected to die of melanoma (about 5,470 men and 2,960 women). […] Changes in the rates of new melanomas vary by age and sex. In people younger than 50, the rates have been stable among women and have declined by about 1% a year in men since the early 2000s. In people ages 50 and older, rates increased in women by about 3% per year but have stayed stable among men. […] Melanoma death rates declined rapidly from 2013 to 2022, largely because of advances in treatment. […] The risk of melanoma increases as people age. The average age of people when it is diagnosed is 66. But melanoma is not uncommon even among those younger than 30. In fact, its one of the most common cancers in young adults (especially young women).

• #9 Skin cancer

  https://www.aad.org/media/stats-skin-cancer

  The incidence of melanoma among non-Hispanic White individuals is almost 30 times higher than that among non-Hispanic Black or Asian/Pacific Islander individuals. (12,13) […] It is estimated that melanoma will affect 1 in 29 men and 1 in 40 women in their lifetime. (6) […] Invasive melanoma rates among individuals younger than age 50 have stabilized in women and declined by about 1% per year in men since the early 2000s. (6) […] In adults 50 or older, the rates continue to increase in women by about 3% per year but have stabilized in men in recent years. (6) […] The vast majority of skin cancer deaths are from melanoma. (6) […] Nearly 20 Americans die from melanoma every day. In 2025, it is estimated that 8,430 deaths will be attributed to melanoma 5,470 men and 2,960 women. (6) […] Research indicates that men with melanoma generally have lower survival rates than women with melanoma. (6,8,24)

• #10 Melanoma skin cancer statistics | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/melanoma-skin-cancer

  There are around 17,500 new melanoma skin cancer cases in the UK every year, that’s 48 every day (2017-2019). […] Melanoma skin cancer is the 5th most common cancer in the UK, accounting for 5% of all new cancer cases (2017-2019). […] In females in the UK, melanoma skin cancer is the 5th most common cancer, with around 8,600 new cases every year (2017-2019). […] In males in the UK, melanoma skin cancer is the 4th most common cancer, with around 8,900 new cases every year (2017-2019). […] Incidence rates for melanoma skin cancer in the UK are highest in people aged 85 to 89 (2017-2019). […] Each year more than a quarter (29%) of all new melanoma skin cancer cases in the UK are diagnosed in people aged 75 and over (2017-2019). […] Since the early 1990s, melanoma skin cancer incidence rates have increased by around two-and-a-half times (147%) in the UK. Rates in females have around doubled (110%), and rates in males have almost tripled (197%) (2017-2019).

• #11 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8544364/

  Melanoma accounts for 1.7% of global cancer diagnoses and is the fifth most common cancer in the US. Melanoma incidence is rising in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries, growing over 320% in the US since 1975. […] However, US mortality has fallen almost 30% over the past decade with the approval of 10 new targeted or immunotherapy agents since 2011. […] Although the overall 5-year survival has risen to 93.3% in the US, survival for stage IV disease remains only 29.8%. […] Melanoma is most common in white, older men, with an average age of diagnosis of 65. Outdoor UV exposure without protection is the main risk factor, although indoor tanning beds, immunosuppression, family history and rare congenital diseases, moles, and obesity contribute to the disease. […] In the US, melanoma incidence is not projected to peak until 2022-2026.

• #12 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/resolver?pii=medsci9040063

  Melanoma accounts for 1.7% of global cancer diagnoses and is the fifth most common cancer in the US. Melanoma incidence is rising in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries, growing over 320% in the US since 1975. […] However, US mortality has fallen almost 30% over the past decade with the approval of 10 new targeted or immunotherapy agents since 2011. […] Although the overall 5-year survival has risen to 93.3% in the US, survival for stage IV disease remains only 29.8%. […] Melanoma is most common in white, older men, with an average age of diagnosis of 65. Outdoor UV exposure without protection is the main risk factor, although indoor tanning beds, immunosuppression, family history and rare congenital diseases, moles, and obesity contribute to the disease. […] In the US, melanoma incidence is not projected to peak until 2022–2026.

• #13 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8544364/

  The mortality rate in the US was 2.0/100,000 in 2018, as compared to a high of 2.8/100,000 in 2009. […] Among whites in the US, mortality from melanoma increased by 7.5% from 1986 to 2013. […] However, with the approval of 10 new targeted and immunotherapy treatments since 2011, overall mortality decreased by 17.9% from 2013 to 2016. […] The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011-2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] Screening is recommended for those with risk factors such as family or prior history, congenital diseases, predisposing lifestyle/occupation, and high-risk demographics, in particular older, white men.

• #14 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/resolver?pii=medsci9040063

  Lesion-directed skin screening programs, especially for those at risk, have also cost-efficiently reduced melanoma mortality. […] The incidence of melanoma has increased in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries over the past decades. […] According to the latest SEER data, melanoma is the fifth most common cancer diagnosis in the US (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers), with 106,000 estimated new cases in 2021, which represents 5.6% of all cancer diagnoses. […] Melanoma has seen one of the fastest expansions in incidence among cancers in developed countries. […] The mortality rate in the US was 2.0/100,000 in 2018, as compared to a high of 2.8/100,000 in 2009. […] Melanoma accounts for over 80% of skin cancer deaths. […] However, with the approval of 10 new targeted and immunotherapy treatments since 2011, overall mortality decreased by 17.9% from 2013 to 2016.

• #15 Melanoma of the Skin — Cancer Stat Facts

  https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/melan.html

  The rate of new cases of melanoma of the skin was 21.9 per 100,000 men and women per year based on 2018–2022 cases, age-adjusted. […] For melanoma of the skin, death rates are higher among the middle-aged and elderly. The death rate was 2.0 per 100,000 men and women per year based on 2019–2023 deaths, age-adjusted. […] Keeping track of new cases, deaths, and survival over time (trends) can help scientists understand whether progress is being made and where additional research is needed to address challenges, such as improving screening or finding better treatments. […] Using statistical models for analysis, age-adjusted rates for new melanoma of the skin cases have been rising on average 1.2% each year over 2013–2022. Age-adjusted death rates have been falling on average 2.8% each year over 2014–2023.

• #16 Melanoma skin cancer statistics | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/melanoma-skin-cancer

  Incidence rates for melanoma skin cancer are lower in the Asian and Black ethnic groups, compared with the White ethnic group, in England (2013-2017). […] There are around 2,300 melanoma skin cancer deaths in the UK every year, that’s more than 6 every day (2017-2019). […] Melanoma skin cancer is the 20th most common cause of cancer death in the UK, accounting for 1% of all cancer deaths (2017-2019). […] In females in the UK, melanoma skin cancer is the 18th most common cause of cancer death, with around 980 deaths every year (2017-2019). […] In males in the UK, melanoma skin cancer is the 17th most common cause of cancer death, with around 1,400 deaths every year (2017-2019). […] Mortality rates for melanoma skin cancer in the UK are highest in people aged 90+ (2017-2019). […] Each year almost half of all melanoma skin cancer deaths (48%) in the UK are in people aged 75 and over (2017-2019).

• #17 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8544364/

  Melanoma accounts for 1.7% of global cancer diagnoses and is the fifth most common cancer in the US. Melanoma incidence is rising in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries, growing over 320% in the US since 1975. […] However, US mortality has fallen almost 30% over the past decade with the approval of 10 new targeted or immunotherapy agents since 2011. […] Although the overall 5-year survival has risen to 93.3% in the US, survival for stage IV disease remains only 29.8%. […] Melanoma is most common in white, older men, with an average age of diagnosis of 65. Outdoor UV exposure without protection is the main risk factor, although indoor tanning beds, immunosuppression, family history and rare congenital diseases, moles, and obesity contribute to the disease. […] In the US, melanoma incidence is not projected to peak until 2022-2026.

• #18 Melanoma Risk: More Than Skin Deep – American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

  https://www.aacr.org/blog/2021/05/27/melanoma-risk-more-than-skin-deep/

  The study found that study participants were more likely than the general public to be diagnosed at the earliest stage of the disease. […] Our results suggest that the screening and education provided in the NCI Familial Melanoma Study may improve early detection of melanoma in melanoma-prone families. […] More than 90 percent of melanoma cases diagnosed in the U.S. between 2011 and 2015 were attributed to UV exposure.

• #19 Melanoma: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment | MedPage Today

  https://www.medpagetoday.com/medical-journeys/melanoma/98015

  Melanoma mortality in the U.S. has declined by 30% since 2011, coinciding with the approval of multiple new targeted therapies and immunotherapies. […] Melanoma occurs most often in older white men. The mean age at diagnosis is 65, and two thirds of all new cases involve people ages 55 to 84. Melanoma incidence is 34.7 per 100,000 among white men and 22.1 per 100,000 in white women — compared with incidence rates of 1.0 and 0.9 per 100,000 among Black men and women and 5.0 per 100,000 in Hispanic men and women. […] Immunosuppressed individuals also have an increased risk of melanoma. The observation is consistent with evidence that low doses of UVA or UVB are associated with decreased immunosurveillance by multiple types of immune cells. […] The survival statistics still emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Public awareness plays a major role in achieving the goal of early diagnosis and treatment. Australia historically has had among the world’s highest melanoma incidence and mortality, but rates peaked in 2005 and have declined steadily since then, coinciding with a strong public health campaign to raise awareness of the disease.

• #20 Skin cancer

  https://www.aad.org/media/stats-skin-cancer

  Overall melanoma death rates drastically declined from 2014 through 2022 by nearly 4%. (6) […] The majority of melanoma cases are attributable to UV exposure. (25-28) […] Research suggests that regular sunscreen use may reduce risk of melanoma. (28-31) […] Risk factors for all types of skin cancer include skin that burns easily; blonde or red hair; a history of excessive sun exposure, including sunburns; tanning bed use; a weakened immune system; and a history of skin cancer. (6) […] Melanoma survivors have an approximately eight-fold increased risk of developing another melanoma compared to the general population. (40) […] Men and women with a history of nonmelanoma skin cancer are at a higher risk of developing melanoma than people without a nonmelanoma skin cancer history. (41,42)

• #21 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8544364/

  Melanoma accounts for 1.7% of global cancer diagnoses and is the fifth most common cancer in the US. Melanoma incidence is rising in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries, growing over 320% in the US since 1975. […] However, US mortality has fallen almost 30% over the past decade with the approval of 10 new targeted or immunotherapy agents since 2011. […] Although the overall 5-year survival has risen to 93.3% in the US, survival for stage IV disease remains only 29.8%. […] Melanoma is most common in white, older men, with an average age of diagnosis of 65. Outdoor UV exposure without protection is the main risk factor, although indoor tanning beds, immunosuppression, family history and rare congenital diseases, moles, and obesity contribute to the disease. […] In the US, melanoma incidence is not projected to peak until 2022-2026.

• #22 Skin cancer

  https://www.aad.org/media/stats-skin-cancer

  Overall melanoma death rates drastically declined from 2014 through 2022 by nearly 4%. (6) […] The majority of melanoma cases are attributable to UV exposure. (25-28) […] Research suggests that regular sunscreen use may reduce risk of melanoma. (28-31) […] Risk factors for all types of skin cancer include skin that burns easily; blonde or red hair; a history of excessive sun exposure, including sunburns; tanning bed use; a weakened immune system; and a history of skin cancer. (6) […] Melanoma survivors have an approximately eight-fold increased risk of developing another melanoma compared to the general population. (40) […] Men and women with a history of nonmelanoma skin cancer are at a higher risk of developing melanoma than people without a nonmelanoma skin cancer history. (41,42)

• #23 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8544364/

  Melanoma accounts for 1.7% of global cancer diagnoses and is the fifth most common cancer in the US. Melanoma incidence is rising in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries, growing over 320% in the US since 1975. […] However, US mortality has fallen almost 30% over the past decade with the approval of 10 new targeted or immunotherapy agents since 2011. […] Although the overall 5-year survival has risen to 93.3% in the US, survival for stage IV disease remains only 29.8%. […] Melanoma is most common in white, older men, with an average age of diagnosis of 65. Outdoor UV exposure without protection is the main risk factor, although indoor tanning beds, immunosuppression, family history and rare congenital diseases, moles, and obesity contribute to the disease. […] In the US, melanoma incidence is not projected to peak until 2022-2026.

• #24 Epidemiology of Melanoma and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer—The Role of Sunlight | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-0-387-77574-6_8

  Melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) are now the most common types of cancer in white populations. Both tumor entities show an increasing incidence rate worldwide but a stable or decreasing mortality rate. The rising incidence rates of NMSC are probably caused by a combination of increased sun exposure or exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, increased outdoor activities, changes in clothing style, increased longevity, ozone depletion, genetics and in some cases, immune suppression. […] Cutaneous malignant melanoma is the most rapidly increasing cancer in white populations. The frequency of its occurrence is closely associated with the constitutive colour of the skin and depends on the geographical zone. The highest incidence rates have been reported from Queensland, Australia with 56 new cases per year per 100,000 for men and 43 for women. Mortality rates of melanoma show a stabilisation in the USA, Australia and also in European countries. The tumor thickness is the most important prognostic factor in primary melanoma. There is an ongoing trend towards thin melanoma since the last two decades. Epidemiological studies have confirmed the hypothesis that the majority of all melanoma cases are caused, at least in part, by excessive exposure to sunlight. In contrast to squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma risk seems not to be associated with cumulative, but intermittent exposure to sunlight. Therefore campaigns for prevention and early detection are necessary.

• #25 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8544364/

  Melanoma accounts for 1.7% of global cancer diagnoses and is the fifth most common cancer in the US. Melanoma incidence is rising in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries, growing over 320% in the US since 1975. […] However, US mortality has fallen almost 30% over the past decade with the approval of 10 new targeted or immunotherapy agents since 2011. […] Although the overall 5-year survival has risen to 93.3% in the US, survival for stage IV disease remains only 29.8%. […] Melanoma is most common in white, older men, with an average age of diagnosis of 65. Outdoor UV exposure without protection is the main risk factor, although indoor tanning beds, immunosuppression, family history and rare congenital diseases, moles, and obesity contribute to the disease. […] In the US, melanoma incidence is not projected to peak until 2022-2026.

• #26 Melanoma: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment | MedPage Today

  https://www.medpagetoday.com/medical-journeys/melanoma/98015

  Melanoma mortality in the U.S. has declined by 30% since 2011, coinciding with the approval of multiple new targeted therapies and immunotherapies. […] Melanoma occurs most often in older white men. The mean age at diagnosis is 65, and two thirds of all new cases involve people ages 55 to 84. Melanoma incidence is 34.7 per 100,000 among white men and 22.1 per 100,000 in white women — compared with incidence rates of 1.0 and 0.9 per 100,000 among Black men and women and 5.0 per 100,000 in Hispanic men and women. […] Immunosuppressed individuals also have an increased risk of melanoma. The observation is consistent with evidence that low doses of UVA or UVB are associated with decreased immunosurveillance by multiple types of immune cells. […] The survival statistics still emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Public awareness plays a major role in achieving the goal of early diagnosis and treatment. Australia historically has had among the world’s highest melanoma incidence and mortality, but rates peaked in 2005 and have declined steadily since then, coinciding with a strong public health campaign to raise awareness of the disease.

• #27 Melanoma Skin Cancer Statistics | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/melanoma-skin-cancer/about/key-statistics.html

  Cancer of the skin is by far the most common of all cancers in the United States. Melanoma accounts for only about 1% of skin cancers but causes a large majority of skin cancer deaths. […] The American Cancer Societys estimates for melanoma in the United States for 2025 are: About 104,960 new melanomas will be diagnosed (about 60,550 in men and 44,410 in women). About 8,430 people are expected to die of melanoma (about 5,470 men and 2,960 women). […] Changes in the rates of new melanomas vary by age and sex. In people younger than 50, the rates have been stable among women and have declined by about 1% a year in men since the early 2000s. In people ages 50 and older, rates increased in women by about 3% per year but have stayed stable among men. […] Melanoma death rates declined rapidly from 2013 to 2022, largely because of advances in treatment. […] The risk of melanoma increases as people age. The average age of people when it is diagnosed is 66. But melanoma is not uncommon even among those younger than 30. In fact, its one of the most common cancers in young adults (especially young women).

• #28 Melanoma: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment | MedPage Today

  https://www.medpagetoday.com/medical-journeys/melanoma/98015

  Melanoma mortality in the U.S. has declined by 30% since 2011, coinciding with the approval of multiple new targeted therapies and immunotherapies. […] Melanoma occurs most often in older white men. The mean age at diagnosis is 65, and two thirds of all new cases involve people ages 55 to 84. Melanoma incidence is 34.7 per 100,000 among white men and 22.1 per 100,000 in white women — compared with incidence rates of 1.0 and 0.9 per 100,000 among Black men and women and 5.0 per 100,000 in Hispanic men and women. […] Immunosuppressed individuals also have an increased risk of melanoma. The observation is consistent with evidence that low doses of UVA or UVB are associated with decreased immunosurveillance by multiple types of immune cells. […] The survival statistics still emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Public awareness plays a major role in achieving the goal of early diagnosis and treatment. Australia historically has had among the world’s highest melanoma incidence and mortality, but rates peaked in 2005 and have declined steadily since then, coinciding with a strong public health campaign to raise awareness of the disease.

• #29 Skin cancer

  https://www.aad.org/media/stats-skin-cancer

  The incidence of melanoma among non-Hispanic White individuals is almost 30 times higher than that among non-Hispanic Black or Asian/Pacific Islander individuals. (12,13) […] It is estimated that melanoma will affect 1 in 29 men and 1 in 40 women in their lifetime. (6) […] Invasive melanoma rates among individuals younger than age 50 have stabilized in women and declined by about 1% per year in men since the early 2000s. (6) […] In adults 50 or older, the rates continue to increase in women by about 3% per year but have stabilized in men in recent years. (6) […] The vast majority of skin cancer deaths are from melanoma. (6) […] Nearly 20 Americans die from melanoma every day. In 2025, it is estimated that 8,430 deaths will be attributed to melanoma 5,470 men and 2,960 women. (6) […] Research indicates that men with melanoma generally have lower survival rates than women with melanoma. (6,8,24)

• #30 Nationwide Trends in the Incidence of Melanoma and Non-melanoma Skin Cancers from 1999 to 2014 in South Korea

  https://www.e-crt.org/journal/view.php?number=2759

  The number of patients diagnosed with melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer has increased over time. […] The age-standardized incidence rates of cutaneous melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma during 1999-2014 were 0.66, 1.34, and 2.45 per 100,000 people for men, and 0.58, 1.04, and 2.07 per 100,000 for women, respectively. […] The incidence rate of squamous cell carcinoma has increased more rapidly in women (AAPC, 6.8 [95% CI, 5.3 to 8.4]) than in men (AAPC, 3.3 [95% CI, 2.6 to 4.0]). […] The incidence rate of cutaneous melanoma has also increased from 0.51 in 1999-2002 to 0.67 in 2011-2014 among men (AAPC, 3.0 [95% CI, 0.8 to 5.3]), and from 0.43 in 1999-2002 to 0.60 in 2011-2014 among women (AAPC, 3.5 [95% CI, 2.4 to 4.6]). […] In our study, we observed that the upper and lower extremities were predominant sites for melanoma.

• #31 Skin cancer

  https://www.aad.org/media/stats-skin-cancer

  The incidence of melanoma among non-Hispanic White individuals is almost 30 times higher than that among non-Hispanic Black or Asian/Pacific Islander individuals. (12,13) […] It is estimated that melanoma will affect 1 in 29 men and 1 in 40 women in their lifetime. (6) […] Invasive melanoma rates among individuals younger than age 50 have stabilized in women and declined by about 1% per year in men since the early 2000s. (6) […] In adults 50 or older, the rates continue to increase in women by about 3% per year but have stabilized in men in recent years. (6) […] The vast majority of skin cancer deaths are from melanoma. (6) […] Nearly 20 Americans die from melanoma every day. In 2025, it is estimated that 8,430 deaths will be attributed to melanoma 5,470 men and 2,960 women. (6) […] Research indicates that men with melanoma generally have lower survival rates than women with melanoma. (6,8,24)

• #32 Melanoma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanoma

  Globally, in 2012, melanoma occurred in 232,000 people and resulted in 55,000 deaths. […] Australia and New Zealand have the highest rates of melanoma in the world. […] It has become more common in the last 20 years in areas that are mostly Caucasian. […] The rate of melanoma has increased in the recent years, but it is not clear to what extent changes in behavior, in the environment, or in early detection are involved. […] In the United States, about 9,000 people die from melanoma a year. […] In 2011, it affected 19.7 per 100,000, and resulted in death in 2.7 per 100,000. […] Melanoma is more than 20 times more common in whites than in African Americans. Overall, the lifetime risk of getting melanoma is about 2.5% (1 in 40) for whites, 0.1% (1 in 1,000) for African Americans, and 0.5% (1 in 200) for Mexicans.

• #33 Facts & Stats – Melanoma Research Foundation

  https://melanoma.org/facts-stats/

  Melanoma diagnoses are increasing at epidemic rates. […] In 2023, nearly 187,000 Americans are expected to be diagnosed with melanoma. Of these, more than 97,600 will be diagnosed with invasive (Stage I, II, III or IV) melanoma and over 89,000 will be diagnosed with melanoma in situ (Stage 0). […] In 2023, melanoma is expected to take the lives of 7,990 Americans. […] Melanoma rates in the United States doubled from 1982 to 2011 and have continued to increase. […] Today, approximately 1.3 million people live with melanoma in the U.S. […] The lifetime risk of getting melanoma is about 1 in 40 for Caucasians, 1 in 200 for Hispanics and 1 in 1,000 for African Americans. […] Nearly 90% of melanomas are thought to be caused by exposure to UV light and sunlight. […] Experiencing five or more blistering sunburns between ages 15 and 20 increases ones melanoma risk by 80 percent.

• #34 Skin Cancer Facts & Statistics

  https://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/skin-cancer-facts/

  Late-stage melanoma diagnoses are more prevalent among Hispanic and Black people than non-Hispanic white people; 52 percent of non-Hispanic black patients and 26 percent of Hispanic patients receive an initial diagnosis of advanced-stage melanoma, versus 16 percent of non-Hispanic white patients. […] Melanoma in children and adolescents accounts for a tiny percentage of all new melanoma cases in the United States, with about 300 cases a year in children under 20 years old.

• #35 Epidemiology of Melanoma – Cutaneous Melanoma – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK481862/

  Melanoma is a potentially lethal cancer that is most commonly cutaneous. The worldwide incidence of melanoma has risen rapidly over the course of the last 50 years. Its incidence is greatest among fair-skinned populations, and in regions of lower latitude. Incidence is greater among geriatric populations, but melanoma is also among the most common cancers found in adolescent and young adult populations. In fact, it is one of the leading cancers in average years of life lost per death from disease. Melanoma incidence varies by sex, which is also associated with differences in melanoma anatomic site. Similar differences by region, ethnicity, age, and sex are observed in mortality rates of melanoma. In the setting of rising incidence and mortality, melanoma bears a heavy health and economic burden. Attributable costs are several billion in nations with greater melanoma incidence. Preventative strategies have been implemented in multiple high-risk regions with variable success. It is imperative that research efforts achieve better understanding of the risk factors and etiology of disease, with the goal to halt and reverse the progressive trend of rising incidence and mortality from melanoma.

• #36 Melanoma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanoma

  Globally, in 2012, melanoma occurred in 232,000 people and resulted in 55,000 deaths. […] Australia and New Zealand have the highest rates of melanoma in the world. […] It has become more common in the last 20 years in areas that are mostly Caucasian. […] The rate of melanoma has increased in the recent years, but it is not clear to what extent changes in behavior, in the environment, or in early detection are involved. […] In the United States, about 9,000 people die from melanoma a year. […] In 2011, it affected 19.7 per 100,000, and resulted in death in 2.7 per 100,000. […] Melanoma is more than 20 times more common in whites than in African Americans. Overall, the lifetime risk of getting melanoma is about 2.5% (1 in 40) for whites, 0.1% (1 in 1,000) for African Americans, and 0.5% (1 in 200) for Mexicans.

• #37 Epidemiology of Melanoma and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer—The Role of Sunlight | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-0-387-77574-6_8

  Melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) are now the most common types of cancer in white populations. Both tumor entities show an increasing incidence rate worldwide but a stable or decreasing mortality rate. The rising incidence rates of NMSC are probably caused by a combination of increased sun exposure or exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, increased outdoor activities, changes in clothing style, increased longevity, ozone depletion, genetics and in some cases, immune suppression. […] Cutaneous malignant melanoma is the most rapidly increasing cancer in white populations. The frequency of its occurrence is closely associated with the constitutive colour of the skin and depends on the geographical zone. The highest incidence rates have been reported from Queensland, Australia with 56 new cases per year per 100,000 for men and 43 for women. Mortality rates of melanoma show a stabilisation in the USA, Australia and also in European countries. The tumor thickness is the most important prognostic factor in primary melanoma. There is an ongoing trend towards thin melanoma since the last two decades. Epidemiological studies have confirmed the hypothesis that the majority of all melanoma cases are caused, at least in part, by excessive exposure to sunlight. In contrast to squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma risk seems not to be associated with cumulative, but intermittent exposure to sunlight. Therefore campaigns for prevention and early detection are necessary.

• #38 Melanoma of the skin statistics | Cancer Australia

  https://www.canceraustralia.gov.au/cancer-types/melanoma-skin/melanoma-skin-statistics

  18,257 Estimated number of new cases of melanoma of the skin diagnosed in 2023 […] 11% Estimated % of all new cancer cases diagnosed in 2023 […] 1,314 Estimated number of deaths from melanoma of the skin in 2023 […] 2.6% Estimated % of all deaths from cancer in 2023 […] 94% Chance of surviving at least 5 years (2015–2019) […] 65,147 People living with melanoma of the skin at the end of 2018 (diagnosed in the 5 year period 2014 to 2018) […] Melanoma of the skin was the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia in 2019. It is estimated that it will remain the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in 2023. […] In 2019, there were 15,628 new cases of melanoma of the skin diagnosed in Australia (9,134 males and 6,494 females). In 2023, it is estimated that 18,257 new cases of melanoma of the skin will be diagnosed in Australia (10,639 males and 7,618 females). In 2023, it is estimated that a person has a 1 in 17 (or 5.9%) risk of being diagnosed with melanoma of the skin by the age of 85 (1 in 14 or 7.0% for males and 1 in 21 or 4.8% for females).

• #39 Melanoma; Epidemiology, prevention, screening and surveillance

  https://oncologypro.esmo.org/education-library/esmo-books/essentials-for-clinicians/melanoma-other-skin-cancers/chap-1-epidemiology-prevention-screening-and-surveillance

  Malignant melanoma (MM) arises from melanocytes responsible for pigmentation, which are located in the skin, mucosa, central nervous system or uveal tract of the eye. […] Worldwide, cutaneous MM (cuMM) comprises 1.7% cases of all newly diagnosed primary malignant cancers (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer [NMSC]). […] Incidence and mortality vary substantially between continents with low incidences in Asia and the highest incidences in Australia. […] In Europe the overall incidence of cuMM is rising rapidly with highest rates in northern and north-western countries such as the UK, Ireland and the Netherlands, and lowest rates in Portugal and Spain. […] Currently, cuMM is the sixth most common tumour in men and women in Europe across all malignancies (NMSC included in other cancers).

• #40 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8544364/

  The mortality rate in the US was 2.0/100,000 in 2018, as compared to a high of 2.8/100,000 in 2009. […] Among whites in the US, mortality from melanoma increased by 7.5% from 1986 to 2013. […] However, with the approval of 10 new targeted and immunotherapy treatments since 2011, overall mortality decreased by 17.9% from 2013 to 2016. […] The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011-2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] Screening is recommended for those with risk factors such as family or prior history, congenital diseases, predisposing lifestyle/occupation, and high-risk demographics, in particular older, white men.

• #41 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/resolver?pii=medsci9040063

  The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011–2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] Public health initiatives in some developed nations, such as Australia, have been effective in curbing the growth in melanoma incidence and should be used as models for education and funding in the US. […] Multiple randomized controlled trials have found that regular sunscreen use significantly reduced melanoma rates decades later. […] The Australian state of Victoria has been running the SunSmart program since 1988, which used television advertising to stress the use of hats and sunscreen. […] An estimate from 2008 found the SunWise program prevented more than 11,000 cases and 50 deaths from skin cancer, saving an estimated $2–4 for every dollar invested.

• #42 Skin Cancer Facts & Statistics

  https://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/skin-cancer-facts/

  An estimated 212,200 cases of melanoma will be diagnosed in the U.S. in 2025. […] In the past decade (2015 – 2025), the number of new invasive melanoma cases diagnosed annually increased by 42 percent. […] Data from 2014 – 2020 shows that across all stages of melanoma, the average five-year survival rate in the U.S. is 94 percent. The estimated five-year survival rate for patients whose melanoma is detected early is over 99 percent. […] The vast majority of melanomas are caused by the sun. […] Regular daily use of an SPF 15 or higher sunscreen reduces the risk of developing melanoma by 50 percent. […] Melanoma accounts for 6 percent of new cancer cases in men, and 4 percent of new cancer cases in women. […] From ages 15 to 39, men are 55 percent more likely to die of melanoma than women in the same age group.

• #43 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8544364/

  Melanoma accounts for 1.7% of global cancer diagnoses and is the fifth most common cancer in the US. Melanoma incidence is rising in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries, growing over 320% in the US since 1975. […] However, US mortality has fallen almost 30% over the past decade with the approval of 10 new targeted or immunotherapy agents since 2011. […] Although the overall 5-year survival has risen to 93.3% in the US, survival for stage IV disease remains only 29.8%. […] Melanoma is most common in white, older men, with an average age of diagnosis of 65. Outdoor UV exposure without protection is the main risk factor, although indoor tanning beds, immunosuppression, family history and rare congenital diseases, moles, and obesity contribute to the disease. […] In the US, melanoma incidence is not projected to peak until 2022-2026.

• #44 Melanoma Risk: More Than Skin Deep – American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)

  https://www.aacr.org/blog/2021/05/27/melanoma-risk-more-than-skin-deep/

  Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer. While it is less common than skin cancers like basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma, it is much more deadly due to its tendency to metastasize to other organs. […] According to the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database, the five-year survival rate for patients diagnosed with localized melanoma is 99.4 percent. However, patients diagnosed after the disease has metastasized have a five-year survival rate of just 29.8 percent. […] A few risk factors are clear: exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds, pale skin, and family history of melanoma. […] Melanoma risk was also the topic of a study published earlier this year in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.

• #45 Incidence and mortality | National Cancer Prevention Policy Skin Cancer Statistics and Issues | Cancer Council

  https://www.cancer.org.au/about-us/policy-and-advocacy/prevention/uv-radiation/related-resources/skin-cancer-incidence-and-mortality

  In 2012-2016, the incidence of melanoma was 16.2 cases per 100,000 among Indigenous Australians, compared with 39.7 cases per 100,000 among non-Indigenous Australians. Mortality rates were also lower for Indigenous Australians (2.2 deaths per 100,000) compared with non-Indigenous Australians (5.1 deaths per 100,000). […] In Australia, relative survival after diagnosis of melanoma of the skin is very high when compared with other types of cancer. The 5-year relative melanoma survival rate increased from 90% in the period 1990-1994 to 93.6% in 2015-2019.

• #46 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8544364/

  Lesion-directed skin screening programs, especially for those at risk, have also cost-efficiently reduced melanoma mortality. […] The incidence of melanoma has increased in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries over the past decades. […] According to the latest SEER data, melanoma is the fifth most common cancer diagnosis in the US (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers), with 106,000 estimated new cases in 2021, which represents 5.6% of all cancer diagnoses. […] Melanoma has seen one of the fastest expansions in incidence among cancers in developed countries. […] A model in the Journal of Investigative Dermatology recorded the crude incidence as 31.0 among US whites from 2007-2011, projecting an increase to 43.7 by 2027. […] An estimated 57,000 people died of melanoma in 2020, according to GLOBOCAN, resulting in age-standardized mortality of 0.7/100,000 for men and 0.4/100,000 for women worldwide.

• #47 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8544364/

  The mortality rate in the US was 2.0/100,000 in 2018, as compared to a high of 2.8/100,000 in 2009. […] Among whites in the US, mortality from melanoma increased by 7.5% from 1986 to 2013. […] However, with the approval of 10 new targeted and immunotherapy treatments since 2011, overall mortality decreased by 17.9% from 2013 to 2016. […] The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011-2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] Screening is recommended for those with risk factors such as family or prior history, congenital diseases, predisposing lifestyle/occupation, and high-risk demographics, in particular older, white men.

• #48 Early detection of skin cancer in Australia – current approaches and new opportunities «

  https://www.phrp.com.au/issues/march-2022-volume-32-issue-1/early-detection-of-skin-cancer-in-australia/

  Melanoma and keratinocyte carcinomas impose a significant health and financial burden on the Australian population and healthcare system. The impacts of skin cancer can be minimised through early detection, as morbidity, mortality and costs of treatment are strongly associated with stage of disease at diagnosis. […] Population-based melanoma screening is not currently recommended due to insufficient evidence that screening reduces melanoma mortality. Instead, in most countries including Australia, early detection of melanoma and keratinocyte carcinomas is undertaken opportunistically, by either the patient presenting for a routine skin check or with a lesion of concern, or by the doctor detecting a lesion incidentally. […] Several concerns about the current unstructured approach to skin cancer early detection have been identified, including variable quality of care, sociodemographic inequalities in medical access and health outcomes, excision of many benign lesions, overdiagnosis, gaps in workforce training, and health system inefficiencies.

• #49 Skin surveillance saves lives from melanoma – Melanoma Institute Australia

  https://melanoma.org.au/news/skin-surveillance-saves-lives-from-melanoma/

  Current Australian guidelines recommend that individuals at very high risk of melanoma receive full skin examinations every 6 months. However, melanoma screening programs for the general population are not currently undertaken in Australia because of inadequate evidence that melanoma screening ultimately saves lives, uncertainty about overdiagnosis and unnecessary biopsy, and limited evidence that it is cost effective. […] We found that melanoma detection during a routine skin check was associated with lower risk of dying from any cause, but it was not statistically significant for melanoma-specific mortality, said cancer epidemiologist and lead author Prof Anne Cust, from Melanoma Institute Australia, The Daffodil Centre and The University of Sydney. Based on our early findings, the cost-effectiveness of a population melanoma screening program should be re-assessed, and a large randomised controlled trial is needed to provide definitive evidence.

• #50 Skin surveillance saves lives from melanoma – Melanoma Institute Australia

  https://melanoma.org.au/news/skin-surveillance-saves-lives-from-melanoma/

  New research has provided evidence that routine skin checks by a health professional, coupled with checking your own skin, are vital in saving lives from melanoma the most deadly form of skin cancer. […] Australia has the highest melanoma rates in the world, with one person dying every 6 hours from the disease. Melanoma is also the most common cancer in 20 to 39-year-olds. […] The research, published today in the prestigious journal JAMA Dermatology, found that in a group of 2,452 patients diagnosed with melanoma, slower-growing melanomas were more likely to be detected at a routine skin check and be thinner, whereas faster-growing melanomas were more likely to be patient-detected and thicker. […] It was estimated that patients whose melanoma was detected by their doctor during a routine skin check were 32% less likely to die from melanoma compared to patients who identified their own melanoma.

• #51 Skin Cancer Surveillance Strategies: Digital Applications, Self-examination, and More.

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/skin-cancer-and-self-exams

  The majority of melanocytic naevi (moles), spots, and bumps on the skin are harmless, but it is not always the case. […] Given the need to closely inspect for changes to the skin, photographic skin surveillance, such as digital dermoscopy of individual lesions and full-body photography, have emerged and are now recommended. […] The Melanoma Institute Australia actively recommends the use of photos in the skin self-examination process: The best way to monitor changes on your skin is by taking photographs every few months and comparing them to identify any changes. […] Home photo-monitoring of skin and moles should not replace a visit to the doctor. […] Even though some research has shown promising results with algorithms for melanoma risk assessments of moles when pictures are taken in clinical contexts, there is still a long way to go before consumers can get a diagnosis or even an adequate automatic risk assessment through a smartphone.

• #52 Skin Cancer Surveillance Strategies: Digital Applications, Self-examination, and More.

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/skin-cancer-and-self-exams

  The majority of melanocytic naevi (moles), spots, and bumps on the skin are harmless, but it is not always the case. […] Given the need to closely inspect for changes to the skin, photographic skin surveillance, such as digital dermoscopy of individual lesions and full-body photography, have emerged and are now recommended. […] The Melanoma Institute Australia actively recommends the use of photos in the skin self-examination process: The best way to monitor changes on your skin is by taking photographs every few months and comparing them to identify any changes. […] Home photo-monitoring of skin and moles should not replace a visit to the doctor. […] Even though some research has shown promising results with algorithms for melanoma risk assessments of moles when pictures are taken in clinical contexts, there is still a long way to go before consumers can get a diagnosis or even an adequate automatic risk assessment through a smartphone.

• #53 Experts Report Moderate Patient Adherence to Melanoma Screening and Surveillance Program

  https://www.dermatologytimes.com/view/experts-report-moderate-patient-adherence-to-melanoma-screening-and-surveillance-program

  Researchers tailored screening and surveillance schedules to individual risk of patients. The implementation of a melanoma screening and surveillance program tailored to individual patient needs yielded a 62%, or moderate, level of adherence, according to a study published in the International Journal of Cancer. Researchers found that decisions to deviate from adherence were more frequently influenced by clinicians than by patients. […] The study employed a prospective implementation design and included adult patients of the Melanoma Institute Australia who had received personalized risk assessments and follow-up recommendations between February 2021 and March 2022. These recommendations were based on empirical data and adjusted according to risk thresholds. The study included risk thresholds for scheduling skin checks based on the 10-year melanoma risk.

• #54 Experts Report Moderate Patient Adherence to Melanoma Screening and Surveillance Program

  https://www.dermatologytimes.com/view/experts-report-moderate-patient-adherence-to-melanoma-screening-and-surveillance-program

  From the randomly sampled patients, adherence to the recommended skin check schedules was observed in 62% of cases. […] Researchers reported that deviations were influenced by both patient-driven factors, such as anxiety or preferences for continued specialist care, and clinician-driven factors, including concerns over incomplete risk assessment and specific clinical concerns. […] To the knowledge of researchers, this study is the first of its kind aimed at assessing adherence to risk-determined skin checks for melanoma. „Our study adds to the body of evidence that implementation of melanoma risk tools in practice is feasible and can be used to tailor skin check schedules for melanoma screening and surveillance,” according to Perera et al.

• #55 Melanoma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanoma

  The risk of melanoma increases as people age. The average age of people when the disease is diagnosed is 63. […] Advances in high resolution ultrasound scanning have enabled surveillance of metastatic burden to the sentinel lymph nodes. […] The Screening and Surveillance of Ultrasound in Melanoma trial (SUNMEL) is evaluating ultrasound as an alternative to invasive surgical methods.

• #56 Skin Cancer Facts & Statistics

  https://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/skin-cancer-facts/

  Get the facts about skin cancer, the most common cancer in the United States and worldwide. […] More than 5.4 million cases of nonmelanoma skin cancer were treated in over 3.3 million people in the U.S. in 2012, still considered the best estimate to date. […] More people are diagnosed with skin cancer each year in the U.S. than all other cancers combined. […] At least one in five Americans will develop skin cancer by the age of 70. […] The annual cost of treating skin cancers in the U.S. is estimated at $8.1 billion: about $4.8 billion for nonmelanoma skin cancers and $3.3 billion for melanoma. […] It’s estimated that the number of new melanoma cases diagnosed in 2025 will increase by 5.9 percent. […] The number of melanoma deaths is expected to increase by 1.7 percent in 2025.

• #57 Skin Cancer Facts & Statistics

  https://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/skin-cancer-facts/

  Get the facts about skin cancer, the most common cancer in the United States and worldwide. […] More than 5.4 million cases of nonmelanoma skin cancer were treated in over 3.3 million people in the U.S. in 2012, still considered the best estimate to date. […] More people are diagnosed with skin cancer each year in the U.S. than all other cancers combined. […] At least one in five Americans will develop skin cancer by the age of 70. […] The annual cost of treating skin cancers in the U.S. is estimated at $8.1 billion: about $4.8 billion for nonmelanoma skin cancers and $3.3 billion for melanoma. […] It’s estimated that the number of new melanoma cases diagnosed in 2025 will increase by 5.9 percent. […] The number of melanoma deaths is expected to increase by 1.7 percent in 2025.

• #58 Melanoma and Skin Cancer – The Daffodil Centre

  https://daffodilcentre.org/streams/melanoma-and-skin-cancer/

  Australia has the highest rates of melanoma and other skin cancers in the world, and they cost the health system more than any other cancer. […] This multidisciplinary stream works on melanoma and other skin cancer research across the cancer control continuum including, aetiology, prevention, early detection, diagnosis, treatment and survivorship, with a focus on translational outcomes relevant to health policy, clinical practice and improved patient outcomes. […] Early detection of melanoma is associated with better health outcomes. Unlike cancers of the breast, bowel and cervix, there is no structured screening program for melanoma in Australia. This project is evaluating the benefits, harms, cost-effectiveness and resource implications of implementing a national risk-tailored melanoma screening program.

• #59 Epidemiology of Melanoma – Cutaneous Melanoma – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK481862/

  In the setting of rising global incidence of melanoma, health agencies across nations with substantial burden of disease have launched campaigns that aim to promote prevention. Prevention strategies that have been implemented range from primary prevention methods to reduce sun exposure and enforce stricter labeling protocol for sunscreens, to secondary prevention methods like full-body visual skin exams.

• #60 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/resolver?pii=medsci9040063

  The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011–2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] Public health initiatives in some developed nations, such as Australia, have been effective in curbing the growth in melanoma incidence and should be used as models for education and funding in the US. […] Multiple randomized controlled trials have found that regular sunscreen use significantly reduced melanoma rates decades later. […] The Australian state of Victoria has been running the SunSmart program since 1988, which used television advertising to stress the use of hats and sunscreen. […] An estimate from 2008 found the SunWise program prevented more than 11,000 cases and 50 deaths from skin cancer, saving an estimated $2–4 for every dollar invested.

• #61 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/resolver?pii=medsci9040063

  The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011–2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] Public health initiatives in some developed nations, such as Australia, have been effective in curbing the growth in melanoma incidence and should be used as models for education and funding in the US. […] Multiple randomized controlled trials have found that regular sunscreen use significantly reduced melanoma rates decades later. […] The Australian state of Victoria has been running the SunSmart program since 1988, which used television advertising to stress the use of hats and sunscreen. […] An estimate from 2008 found the SunWise program prevented more than 11,000 cases and 50 deaths from skin cancer, saving an estimated $2–4 for every dollar invested.

• #62 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/resolver?pii=medsci9040063

  The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011–2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] Public health initiatives in some developed nations, such as Australia, have been effective in curbing the growth in melanoma incidence and should be used as models for education and funding in the US. […] Multiple randomized controlled trials have found that regular sunscreen use significantly reduced melanoma rates decades later. […] The Australian state of Victoria has been running the SunSmart program since 1988, which used television advertising to stress the use of hats and sunscreen. […] An estimate from 2008 found the SunWise program prevented more than 11,000 cases and 50 deaths from skin cancer, saving an estimated $2–4 for every dollar invested.

• #63 Melanoma skin cancer statistics | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/melanoma-skin-cancer

  Over the last decade, melanoma skin cancer incidence rates have increased by almost a third (31%) in the UK. Rates in females have increased by a quarter (25%), and rates in males have increased by more than a third (36%) (2017-2019). […] Melanoma skin cancer incidence rates are projected to rise by 9% in the UK between 2023-2025 and 2038-2040. […] There could be around 26,500 new cases of melanoma skin cancer every year in the UK by 2038-2040, projections suggest. […] Melanoma skin cancer incidence rates in England in females are 52% lower in the most deprived quintile compared with the least, and in males are 54% lower in the most deprived quintile compared with the least (2013-2017). […] Around 4,000 cases of melanoma skin cancer each year in England are linked with lower deprivation (around 2,000 in females and around 2,000 in males).

• #64 Melanoma skin cancer incidence statistics | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/melanoma-skin-cancer/incidence

  The increase was larger in males than in females. […] For females, melanoma skin cancer AS incidence rates in the UK increased by 110% between 1993-1995 and 2017-2019. For males, melanoma skin cancer AS incidence rates in the UK increased by 197% between 1993-1995 and 2017-2019. […] Melanoma skin cancer incidence rates have increased overall in most broad age groups in females and males combined in the UK since the early 1990s, but have remained stable in some. […] Melanoma skin cancer incidence trends probably reflect changing prevalence of risk factors, with recent incidence trends influenced by risk factor prevalence in years past. Increased surveillance and early detection, plus changes in diagnostic criteria, also play some part. […] The number of new melanoma skin cancer cases on average each year in the UK is projected to rise from around 20,800 cases in 2023-2025 to around 26,500 cases in 2038-2040.

• #65 Melanoma skin cancer statistics | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/melanoma-skin-cancer

  Since the early 1970s, melanoma skin cancer mortality rates have increased by around two-and-a-half times (141%) in the UK. Rates in females have increased by around three-quarters (76%), and rates in males have around tripled (219%) (2017-2019). […] Over the last decade, melanoma skin cancer mortality rates have remained stable in the UK. Rates in females have decreased by around a tenth (9%), and rates in males have remained stable (2017-2019). […] Melanoma skin cancer mortality rates are projected to fall by 12% in the UK between 2023-2025 and 2038-2040. […] There could be around around 2,800 deaths of melanoma skin cancer every year in the UK by 2038-2040, projections suggest. […] Almost 9 in 10 (87.4%) people diagnosed with melanoma skin cancer in England survive their disease for ten years or more, it is predicted (2013-2017).

• #66 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8544364/

  Melanoma accounts for 1.7% of global cancer diagnoses and is the fifth most common cancer in the US. Melanoma incidence is rising in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries, growing over 320% in the US since 1975. […] However, US mortality has fallen almost 30% over the past decade with the approval of 10 new targeted or immunotherapy agents since 2011. […] Although the overall 5-year survival has risen to 93.3% in the US, survival for stage IV disease remains only 29.8%. […] Melanoma is most common in white, older men, with an average age of diagnosis of 65. Outdoor UV exposure without protection is the main risk factor, although indoor tanning beds, immunosuppression, family history and rare congenital diseases, moles, and obesity contribute to the disease. […] In the US, melanoma incidence is not projected to peak until 2022-2026.

• #67 Skin Cancer Facts & Statistics

  https://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/skin-cancer-facts/

  Get the facts about skin cancer, the most common cancer in the United States and worldwide. […] More than 5.4 million cases of nonmelanoma skin cancer were treated in over 3.3 million people in the U.S. in 2012, still considered the best estimate to date. […] More people are diagnosed with skin cancer each year in the U.S. than all other cancers combined. […] At least one in five Americans will develop skin cancer by the age of 70. […] The annual cost of treating skin cancers in the U.S. is estimated at $8.1 billion: about $4.8 billion for nonmelanoma skin cancers and $3.3 billion for melanoma. […] It’s estimated that the number of new melanoma cases diagnosed in 2025 will increase by 5.9 percent. […] The number of melanoma deaths is expected to increase by 1.7 percent in 2025.

• #68 Early detection of skin cancer in Australia – current approaches and new opportunities «

  https://www.phrp.com.au/issues/march-2022-volume-32-issue-1/early-detection-of-skin-cancer-in-australia/

  There has also been renewed interest in melanoma screening in Australia, driven by a changing landscape of skin cancer early detection. […] The future of skin cancer early detection in Australia and internationally may incorporate features such as a more structured approach to skin cancer risk assessment using online risk calculators and invitations to screen, consumer-driven melanoma surveillance, and new technologies for diagnosis and monitoring of lesions. High-quality research evidence is being generated across multiple research programs, and is essential to underpin any changes to policy and practice in skin cancer early detection.

• #69 Surgeon General Call to Action to Prevent Skin Cancer: Exec Summ | HHS.govLock

  https://www.hhs.gov/surgeongeneral/reports-and-publications/skin-cancer/executive-summary/index.html

  Many skin cancer cases are not being captured by current surveillance systems, and current behavioral surveillance systems may not be adequate to track the effect of state and local initiatives, such as indoor tanning legislation for minors. […] The goals and strategies outlined in the Call to Action are the next steps. We must act with urgency to stop the ever-increasing incidence of skin cancers in the United States.

• #70 Melanoma and Skin Cancer – The Daffodil Centre

  https://daffodilcentre.org/streams/melanoma-and-skin-cancer/

  Australia has the highest rates of melanoma and other skin cancers in the world, and they cost the health system more than any other cancer. […] This multidisciplinary stream works on melanoma and other skin cancer research across the cancer control continuum including, aetiology, prevention, early detection, diagnosis, treatment and survivorship, with a focus on translational outcomes relevant to health policy, clinical practice and improved patient outcomes. […] Early detection of melanoma is associated with better health outcomes. Unlike cancers of the breast, bowel and cervix, there is no structured screening program for melanoma in Australia. This project is evaluating the benefits, harms, cost-effectiveness and resource implications of implementing a national risk-tailored melanoma screening program.

• #71 Melanoma of the Skin Statistics | Skin Cancer | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/skin-cancer/statistics/index.html

  Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States. […] Central cancer registries collect data on melanoma of the skin and nonepithelial skin cancers such as Merkel cell carcinoma. […] The Melanoma Dashboard provides state and local data to help communities address their unique melanoma prevention needs. […] National survey data about sun protection, indoor tanning, and sunburn are collected through the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (for high school students) and the National Health Interview Survey (for adults aged 18 or older). […] Cancer Statistics At a Glance: See rates or numbers of melanomas of the skin or melanoma of the skin deaths for the entire United States and individual states. […] Cancers by Age, Sex, Race, and Ethnicity: See rates or numbers of melanomas of the skin or melanoma of the skin deaths by race/ethnicity, sex, and age group. […] Trends: See how the rates of melanomas of the skin or melanoma of the skin deaths changed over time for the entire United States and individual states.

• #72 Melanoma surveillance in the United States: Overview of methods – EM consulte

  https://www.em-consulte.com/article/666115/melanoma-surveillance-in-the-united-states-overvie

  Melanoma skin cancer is particularly deadly; more than 8000 US residents die from it each year. […] Although recent reports suggest that melanoma incidence rates have been increasing, these apparent increases could be caused by an increase in reporting and/or screening, and by an actual increase in the occurrence of melanoma. […] In this report, we describe methods used in this supplement to assess the current burden of melanoma in the United States using data from two federal cancer surveillance programs: the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Program of Cancer Registries and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. […] Cancer incidence data from population-based cancer registries that participate in the CDC National Program of Cancer Registries and/or the NCI Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program covering 78% of the US population for 2004 to 2006 were used.

• #73 Melanoma surveillance in the United States: Overview of methods – EM consulte

  https://www.em-consulte.com/article/666115/melanoma-surveillance-in-the-united-states-overvie

  Over 45 thousand melanomas were diagnosed annually, with a rate of 19 cases per 100,000 persons. […] Melanoma rates may vary because of differences in reporting, diagnosis, and screening. […] To our knowledge, the articles in this supplement constitute the first comprehensive examination of the overall burden of melanoma in the United States based on data from a majority of the US population.

• #74 Malignant Melanoma: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/280245-overview

  The American Cancer Society estimates that 100,640 cases of invasive cutaneous melanoma will be diagnosed in the United States in 2024 (59,170 in men and 41,470 in women), along with 99,700 cases of in situ melanoma. Since the early 2000s, incidence rates of melanoma in persons younger than age 50 years have stabilized in women and declined by about 1% per year in men; in adults age 50 and older, rates increased in women by about 3% per year but stabilized in men. […] Although melanoma accounts for only about 1% of skin cancers, it is responsible for the vast majority of deaths from skin cancers. The American Cancer Society estimates that 8290 people in the US (5430 men and 2860 women) will die of melanoma in 2024. […] However, a review of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data from 1975 to 2014 identified discrepancies in incidence and mortality trends that suggest considerable overdiagnosis of melanoma in White persons. During that period, in Blacks, the incidence of melanoma increased by almost 25%, while mortality due to melanoma decreased by approximately 25%. In Whites, melanoma incidence increased approximately 4-fold in women and 6-fold in men, while mortality was stable in women and increased by less than 50% in men. These researchers calculate that had medical care not improved, estimated mortality would have increased 60% in White women and more than doubled in White men. They estimate that 59% of White women and 60% of White men with melanoma were overdiagnosed in 2014.

• #75 Early detection of skin cancer in Australia – current approaches and new opportunities «

  https://www.phrp.com.au/issues/march-2022-volume-32-issue-1/early-detection-of-skin-cancer-in-australia/

  Melanoma and keratinocyte carcinomas impose a significant health and financial burden on the Australian population and healthcare system. The impacts of skin cancer can be minimised through early detection, as morbidity, mortality and costs of treatment are strongly associated with stage of disease at diagnosis. […] Population-based melanoma screening is not currently recommended due to insufficient evidence that screening reduces melanoma mortality. Instead, in most countries including Australia, early detection of melanoma and keratinocyte carcinomas is undertaken opportunistically, by either the patient presenting for a routine skin check or with a lesion of concern, or by the doctor detecting a lesion incidentally. […] Several concerns about the current unstructured approach to skin cancer early detection have been identified, including variable quality of care, sociodemographic inequalities in medical access and health outcomes, excision of many benign lesions, overdiagnosis, gaps in workforce training, and health system inefficiencies.

• #76 Melanoma and Skin Cancer – The Daffodil Centre

  https://daffodilcentre.org/streams/melanoma-and-skin-cancer/

  Australia has the highest rates of melanoma and other skin cancers in the world, and they cost the health system more than any other cancer. […] This multidisciplinary stream works on melanoma and other skin cancer research across the cancer control continuum including, aetiology, prevention, early detection, diagnosis, treatment and survivorship, with a focus on translational outcomes relevant to health policy, clinical practice and improved patient outcomes. […] Early detection of melanoma is associated with better health outcomes. Unlike cancers of the breast, bowel and cervix, there is no structured screening program for melanoma in Australia. This project is evaluating the benefits, harms, cost-effectiveness and resource implications of implementing a national risk-tailored melanoma screening program.

• #77 DCEG Studies of Melanoma (skin cancer) – NCI

  https://dceg.cancer.gov/research/cancer-types/melanoma

  Each year, more than 68,000 Americans are diagnosed with melanoma, and another 48,000 are diagnosed with an early form of the disease that involves only the top layer of skin. […] This study investigates how genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of melanoma and related conditions. […] Dr. Brown’s lab focuses on the identification and functional characterization of melanoma risk alleles, investigates the genetics of melanoma risk through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and whole-genome and exome sequencing of high-risk melanoma families. […] Dr. Choi’s lab focuses on genetic susceptibility to melanoma to identify functional variants and affected genes from susceptibility loci using functional genomics approaches. […] A study of genetic, environmental, and clinical features of melanoma risk and progression in Mediterranean populations.

• #78 Melanoma and Skin Cancer – The Daffodil Centre

  https://daffodilcentre.org/streams/melanoma-and-skin-cancer/

  The Tailored Surveillance Project is evaluating the implementation of personalised melanoma risk assessment and tailored patient education and skin surveillance in the dermatology clinics at three major melanoma centres (Melanoma Institute Australia, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Westmead Hospital). […] The study evaluated the impact of providing personal genomic melanoma risk information on skin cancer prevention and early detection behaviours, and psychosocial, ethical and economic outcomes. […] The team also has expertise in developing, validating and prospectively evaluating melanoma risk prediction tools to better identify, treat and follow-up people with melanoma or at high risk of developing melanoma. […] This multidisciplinary partnership combines leading clinical expertise in melanoma diagnosis and treatment with methodological expertise in epidemiology, bioinformatics, health economics, and implementation science. […] The team is involved in international melanoma consortia research programs, bringing together world-class multidisciplinary researchers to answer important research questions concerning melanoma aetiology and treatment using large, comprehensive datasets.

• #79 Melanoma and Skin Cancer – The Daffodil Centre

  https://daffodilcentre.org/streams/melanoma-and-skin-cancer/

  The Tailored Surveillance Project is evaluating the implementation of personalised melanoma risk assessment and tailored patient education and skin surveillance in the dermatology clinics at three major melanoma centres (Melanoma Institute Australia, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Westmead Hospital). […] The study evaluated the impact of providing personal genomic melanoma risk information on skin cancer prevention and early detection behaviours, and psychosocial, ethical and economic outcomes. […] The team also has expertise in developing, validating and prospectively evaluating melanoma risk prediction tools to better identify, treat and follow-up people with melanoma or at high risk of developing melanoma. […] This multidisciplinary partnership combines leading clinical expertise in melanoma diagnosis and treatment with methodological expertise in epidemiology, bioinformatics, health economics, and implementation science. […] The team is involved in international melanoma consortia research programs, bringing together world-class multidisciplinary researchers to answer important research questions concerning melanoma aetiology and treatment using large, comprehensive datasets.

• #80 Melanoma and Skin Cancer – The Daffodil Centre

  https://daffodilcentre.org/streams/melanoma-and-skin-cancer/

  The Tailored Surveillance Project is evaluating the implementation of personalised melanoma risk assessment and tailored patient education and skin surveillance in the dermatology clinics at three major melanoma centres (Melanoma Institute Australia, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Westmead Hospital). […] The study evaluated the impact of providing personal genomic melanoma risk information on skin cancer prevention and early detection behaviours, and psychosocial, ethical and economic outcomes. […] The team also has expertise in developing, validating and prospectively evaluating melanoma risk prediction tools to better identify, treat and follow-up people with melanoma or at high risk of developing melanoma. […] This multidisciplinary partnership combines leading clinical expertise in melanoma diagnosis and treatment with methodological expertise in epidemiology, bioinformatics, health economics, and implementation science. […] The team is involved in international melanoma consortia research programs, bringing together world-class multidisciplinary researchers to answer important research questions concerning melanoma aetiology and treatment using large, comprehensive datasets.

• #81 Early detection of skin cancer in Australia – current approaches and new opportunities «

  https://www.phrp.com.au/issues/march-2022-volume-32-issue-1/early-detection-of-skin-cancer-in-australia/

  There has also been renewed interest in melanoma screening in Australia, driven by a changing landscape of skin cancer early detection. […] The future of skin cancer early detection in Australia and internationally may incorporate features such as a more structured approach to skin cancer risk assessment using online risk calculators and invitations to screen, consumer-driven melanoma surveillance, and new technologies for diagnosis and monitoring of lesions. High-quality research evidence is being generated across multiple research programs, and is essential to underpin any changes to policy and practice in skin cancer early detection.

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