Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pain syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v9/i9/2077.htm

  Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is characterized by myofascial trigger points and fascial constrictions. […] At present, domestic and foreign scholars have not reached a consensus on the etiology and pathogenesis of MPS. […] Due to the lack of specific laboratory indicators and imaging evidence, there is no unified diagnostic criteria for MPS, making it easy to confuse with other diseases. […] MPS is a common disease that can be seen at any age, though mostly in elderly adults, athletes, hard physical laborers and sedentary workers. […] About 30.0% to 93.0% of patients with musculoskeletal pain suffer from MPS. […] About 46.1% of the patients reveal active MTrP in the physical examinations. […] Clinical studies have shown that at least 40.0% of skeletal muscle pain syndrome is mainly because of the activated trigger points in painful muscles.

• #2 Myofascial Pain Syndrome. Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment

  https://www.medigraphic.com/cgi-bin/new/resumenI.cgi?IDARTICULO=43909

  Myofascial pain syndrome is defined by the presence of myofascial trigger points in a palpable taut band that produces pain and tenderness in the muscle or its fascia. […] In Mexico it is an underdiagnosed disease despite has a high prevalence. This paper reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pain syndrome.

• #3

  https://europepmc.org/books/n/statpearls/article-25476/?extid=29261915&src=med

  The exact prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome in the general population is rarely mentioned in the existing literature, likely due to the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria. Sources claim that myofascial pain syndrome affects from 30% to 93% of patients seeking care for musculoskeletal pain. Although typically found in the population aged from 27 to 50, the disorder can also affect older and high-risk populations, such as those with sedentary lifestyles, athletes, or workers who have physically demanding jobs. The most frequently affected areas include the neck, shoulders, and back. The gender difference in the incidence of myofascial pain syndrome remains unclear.

• #4 Myofascial Pain | PM&R KnowledgeNow

  https://now.aapmr.org/myofascial-pain/

  Myofascial pain is a purely clinical diagnosis and lacks objective and systematic diagnostic criteria. This lack of consensus-driven, reliable diagnostic criteria makes it difficult to establish accurate statistics about incidence and prevalence. Approximately 9 million people in the United States are thought to suffer from myofascial pain. MPS affects up to 95% of patients with chronic pain, and in one study, MPS was found to be the primary cause of pain in 85% of patients attending a large pain center. […] Occupational risk factors for development of MPS include repetitive work activities, sub-optimal ergonomics, and work environments that result in both visual and postural stress.

• #5

  https://europepmc.org/books/n/statpearls/article-25476/?extid=29261915&src=med

  The exact prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome in the general population is rarely mentioned in the existing literature, likely due to the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria. Sources claim that myofascial pain syndrome affects from 30% to 93% of patients seeking care for musculoskeletal pain. Although typically found in the population aged from 27 to 50, the disorder can also affect older and high-risk populations, such as those with sedentary lifestyles, athletes, or workers who have physically demanding jobs. The most frequently affected areas include the neck, shoulders, and back. The gender difference in the incidence of myofascial pain syndrome remains unclear.

• #6 Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pain syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v9/i9/2077.htm

  Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is characterized by myofascial trigger points and fascial constrictions. […] At present, domestic and foreign scholars have not reached a consensus on the etiology and pathogenesis of MPS. […] Due to the lack of specific laboratory indicators and imaging evidence, there is no unified diagnostic criteria for MPS, making it easy to confuse with other diseases. […] MPS is a common disease that can be seen at any age, though mostly in elderly adults, athletes, hard physical laborers and sedentary workers. […] About 30.0% to 93.0% of patients with musculoskeletal pain suffer from MPS. […] About 46.1% of the patients reveal active MTrP in the physical examinations. […] Clinical studies have shown that at least 40.0% of skeletal muscle pain syndrome is mainly because of the activated trigger points in painful muscles.

• #7 Myofascial Pain – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK535344/

  The prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome in the United States is about 9 million, and it is estimated that the same percentage of patients is found in Canada. Myofascial pain syndrome affects men and women equally, while it is more prevalent in people greater than 60 years of age. There is no convincing data to suggest a relationship between myofascial pain and ethnicity or geographical location.[13] […] Myofascial pain syndrome is a disease with no standard management and surveillance protocol. […] Multiple TPs persistent for not less than a year confirms myofascial pain syndrome.[7]

• #8 Myofascial Pain | PM&R KnowledgeNow

  https://now.aapmr.org/myofascial-pain/

  Myofascial pain is a purely clinical diagnosis and lacks objective and systematic diagnostic criteria. This lack of consensus-driven, reliable diagnostic criteria makes it difficult to establish accurate statistics about incidence and prevalence. Approximately 9 million people in the United States are thought to suffer from myofascial pain. MPS affects up to 95% of patients with chronic pain, and in one study, MPS was found to be the primary cause of pain in 85% of patients attending a large pain center. […] Occupational risk factors for development of MPS include repetitive work activities, sub-optimal ergonomics, and work environments that result in both visual and postural stress.

• #9 Discrepancy between prevalence and perceived effectiveness of treatment methods in myofascial pain syndrome: Results of a cross-sectional, nationwide survey | BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders | Full Text

  https://bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2474-11-32

  Myofascial pain is a common dysfunction with a lifetime prevalence affecting up to 85% of the general population. […] Myofascial pain affects up to 85% of the general population. […] Myofascial pain was estimated a prevalent condition. […] The estimated overall prevalence of active myofascial trigger points is 46.1 27.4%. […] Physicians estimated the prevalence of active trigger points to 46.1 27.4% (n = 329) in the overall population and 52.8% 26.9 (n = 330) in their own patients. […] The majority of physicians, even whilst prescribing, characterized the available symptomatic treatment options as insufficient. […] Myofascial trigger points have been described as a 'common cause of pain in clinical practice’ and an 'extremely common, yet commonly overlooked’ source of musculoskeletal disorders.

• #10 Myofascial Pain Syndrome: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12054-myofascial-pain-syndrome

  Myofascial pain syndrome is common. Experts estimate that up to 85% of the general population will develop the condition at some point. […] Myofascial pain syndrome is often underdiagnosed and overlooked. This is because many of its symptoms overlap with other conditions that affect your nerves, bones, ligaments or tendons. […] To diagnose myofascial pain syndrome, your healthcare provider will need to physically examine your muscles to feel for taut bands of muscles and then find the tender spots. Finding and applying pressure to a trigger point will result in pain, felt at the immediate spot or in an area a short distance away (referred pain). […] You cant always prevent myofascial pain syndrome. But there are certain things you can do to reduce your risk: Maintain proper sleep hygiene. Reduce your stress. Get exercise.

• #11 Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pain syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v9/i9/2077.htm

  The predilection sites of MPS are the neck, shoulders and back. […] At present, the prevalence rate of chronic pain induced by trigger points is increasing annually. […] The patients suffering from MPS present as persistent pain, and the range of physical motion always decreases with the age increase.

• #12

  https://europepmc.org/books/n/statpearls/article-25476/?extid=29261915&src=med

  The exact prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome in the general population is rarely mentioned in the existing literature, likely due to the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria. Sources claim that myofascial pain syndrome affects from 30% to 93% of patients seeking care for musculoskeletal pain. Although typically found in the population aged from 27 to 50, the disorder can also affect older and high-risk populations, such as those with sedentary lifestyles, athletes, or workers who have physically demanding jobs. The most frequently affected areas include the neck, shoulders, and back. The gender difference in the incidence of myofascial pain syndrome remains unclear.

• #13 Myofascial Pain Syndrome – Illinois Chiropractic Society

  https://ilchiro.org/myofascial-pain-syndrome/

  Myofascial pain syndrome affects all ages, races, and genders. (2,13,18) MPS is thought to be the most common cause of musculoskeletal pain, affecting between 30-93% of symptomatic musculoskeletal patients. (19-22) Various authors have suggested that peak prevalence occurs between ages 27 -50. (23,24) However, one Canadian study found that up to 85% of seniors suffer from MPS. (25) […] Myofascial pain syndrome is the most common cause of chronic regional pain. (3) […] Myofascial pain syndrome frequently coexists with various other neuromusculoskeletal or systemic disorders. (4)

• #14 Cervical Myofascial Pain: Practice Essentials, Etiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/305937-overview

  Myofascial pain is thought to occur commonly in the general population. As many as 21% of patients seen in general orthopedic clinics have myofascial pain. Of patients seen at specialty pain management centers, 85-93% have a myofascial pain component to their condition. […] A South American study by Munoz-Ceron et al reported that of emergency department patients with nontraumatic headaches, cervical myofascial pain was the most frequent nonprimary cause. […] Cervical myofascial pain occurs in both sexes but with a predominance among women. Myofascial pain seems to occur more frequently with increasing age until midlife. The incidence declines gradually after middle age.

• #15 Myofascial Pain Syndrome – Illinois Chiropractic Society

  https://ilchiro.org/myofascial-pain-syndrome/

  Myofascial pain syndrome affects all ages, races, and genders. (2,13,18) MPS is thought to be the most common cause of musculoskeletal pain, affecting between 30-93% of symptomatic musculoskeletal patients. (19-22) Various authors have suggested that peak prevalence occurs between ages 27 -50. (23,24) However, one Canadian study found that up to 85% of seniors suffer from MPS. (25) […] Myofascial pain syndrome is the most common cause of chronic regional pain. (3) […] Myofascial pain syndrome frequently coexists with various other neuromusculoskeletal or systemic disorders. (4)

• #16

  https://europepmc.org/books/n/statpearls/article-25476/?extid=29261915&src=med

  The exact prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome in the general population is rarely mentioned in the existing literature, likely due to the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria. Sources claim that myofascial pain syndrome affects from 30% to 93% of patients seeking care for musculoskeletal pain. Although typically found in the population aged from 27 to 50, the disorder can also affect older and high-risk populations, such as those with sedentary lifestyles, athletes, or workers who have physically demanding jobs. The most frequently affected areas include the neck, shoulders, and back. The gender difference in the incidence of myofascial pain syndrome remains unclear.

• #17 Myofascial Pain – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK535344/

  The prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome in the United States is about 9 million, and it is estimated that the same percentage of patients is found in Canada. Myofascial pain syndrome affects men and women equally, while it is more prevalent in people greater than 60 years of age. There is no convincing data to suggest a relationship between myofascial pain and ethnicity or geographical location.[13] […] Myofascial pain syndrome is a disease with no standard management and surveillance protocol. […] Multiple TPs persistent for not less than a year confirms myofascial pain syndrome.[7]

• #18 Cervical Myofascial Pain: Practice Essentials, Etiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/305937-overview

  Myofascial pain is thought to occur commonly in the general population. As many as 21% of patients seen in general orthopedic clinics have myofascial pain. Of patients seen at specialty pain management centers, 85-93% have a myofascial pain component to their condition. […] A South American study by Munoz-Ceron et al reported that of emergency department patients with nontraumatic headaches, cervical myofascial pain was the most frequent nonprimary cause. […] Cervical myofascial pain occurs in both sexes but with a predominance among women. Myofascial pain seems to occur more frequently with increasing age until midlife. The incidence declines gradually after middle age.

• #19 Myofascial pain syndrome | MedLink Neurology

  https://www.medlink.com/articles/myofascial-pain-syndrome

  Few controlled studies have been published on the prevalence of this condition. There appears to be a female predominance, with estimates varying between 1.5:1 and 3:1. […] Numerous anecdotal reports suggest that myofascial pain is commonly a result of musculoskeletal injury, particularly in industry, where it is a frequent cause of disability after trauma, and in motor vehicle accidents, where it is seen as a major component of the whiplash syndrome. […] Torres and colleagues conducted a 1-year prospective follow-up after breast cancer surgery, which included 116 women. Fifty-two women out of 116 total subjects developed myofascial pain syndrome after breast cancer surgery (44.8%, 95% CI: 35.6 to 54.3). […] Insomnia is a risk factor for myofascial pain syndrome. In a population-based longitudinal study with 10-year follow-up, the insomnia patients were 1.93 times more likely to develop myofascial pain syndrome than the control patients after adjusting for age, sex, monthly income, urbanization, and comorbidities.

• #20 Myofascial Pain Syndrome – Illinois Chiropractic Society

  https://ilchiro.org/myofascial-pain-syndrome/

  Myofascial pain syndrome affects all ages, races, and genders. (2,13,18) MPS is thought to be the most common cause of musculoskeletal pain, affecting between 30-93% of symptomatic musculoskeletal patients. (19-22) Various authors have suggested that peak prevalence occurs between ages 27 -50. (23,24) However, one Canadian study found that up to 85% of seniors suffer from MPS. (25) […] Myofascial pain syndrome is the most common cause of chronic regional pain. (3) […] Myofascial pain syndrome frequently coexists with various other neuromusculoskeletal or systemic disorders. (4)

• #21 Cervical Myofascial Pain: Practice Essentials, Etiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/305937-overview

  Myofascial pain is thought to occur commonly in the general population. As many as 21% of patients seen in general orthopedic clinics have myofascial pain. Of patients seen at specialty pain management centers, 85-93% have a myofascial pain component to their condition. […] A South American study by Munoz-Ceron et al reported that of emergency department patients with nontraumatic headaches, cervical myofascial pain was the most frequent nonprimary cause. […] Cervical myofascial pain occurs in both sexes but with a predominance among women. Myofascial pain seems to occur more frequently with increasing age until midlife. The incidence declines gradually after middle age.

• #22 Myofascial pain syndrome | MedLink Neurology

  https://www.medlink.com/articles/myofascial-pain-syndrome

  Myofascial pain syndrome affects 10% of patients in internal medicine practice and 55% to 85% of those attending pain clinics. […] Myofascial pain syndrome is the most common type of pain that brings patients to chronic pain treatment centers. Among 283 consecutive admissions to a comprehensive pain clinic, 85% were assigned a primary organic diagnosis of myofascial syndrome. […] Among 296 patients referred to a dental clinic for chronic head and neck pain of at least 6 months’ duration, the primary diagnosis was myofascial pain in 55.4% of cases. […] Acute myofascial pain is also common in general medical practice. Among 61 consecutive consultation or follow-up patients in an internal medicine group practice, 10% of all patients and 31% of those presenting with a pain complaint had myofascial trigger points identified as being primarily responsible for their symptoms.

• #23 Myofascial pain syndrome | MedLink Neurology

  https://www.medlink.com/articles/myofascial-pain-syndrome

  Myofascial pain syndrome affects 10% of patients in internal medicine practice and 55% to 85% of those attending pain clinics. […] Myofascial pain syndrome is the most common type of pain that brings patients to chronic pain treatment centers. Among 283 consecutive admissions to a comprehensive pain clinic, 85% were assigned a primary organic diagnosis of myofascial syndrome. […] Among 296 patients referred to a dental clinic for chronic head and neck pain of at least 6 months’ duration, the primary diagnosis was myofascial pain in 55.4% of cases. […] Acute myofascial pain is also common in general medical practice. Among 61 consecutive consultation or follow-up patients in an internal medicine group practice, 10% of all patients and 31% of those presenting with a pain complaint had myofascial trigger points identified as being primarily responsible for their symptoms.

• #24 Myofascial Pain | PM&R KnowledgeNow

  https://now.aapmr.org/myofascial-pain/

  Myofascial pain is a purely clinical diagnosis and lacks objective and systematic diagnostic criteria. This lack of consensus-driven, reliable diagnostic criteria makes it difficult to establish accurate statistics about incidence and prevalence. Approximately 9 million people in the United States are thought to suffer from myofascial pain. MPS affects up to 95% of patients with chronic pain, and in one study, MPS was found to be the primary cause of pain in 85% of patients attending a large pain center. […] Occupational risk factors for development of MPS include repetitive work activities, sub-optimal ergonomics, and work environments that result in both visual and postural stress.

• #25 Myofascial Pain Syndrome and Trigger-Point Management | Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine

  https://rapm.bmj.com/content/22/1/89

  Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a common condition often resulting in referral to a pain clinic. The incidence of MPS with associated trigger points appears to vary between 30 and 85% of people presenting to pain clinics, and the condition is more prevalent in women than in men. Patients complain of regional persistent pain, ranging in intensity and most frequently found in the head, neck, shoulders, extremities, and low back. […] A multidisciplinary approach to treatment appears to be most beneficial and may include such modalities as trigger-point injections, dry needling, stretch and spray, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. […] The definitive pathogenesis of MPS is currently unknown, and no single diagnostic method is consistently positive.

• #26 Myofascial Pain Syndrome – Illinois Chiropractic Society

  https://ilchiro.org/myofascial-pain-syndrome/

  Myofascial pain syndrome affects all ages, races, and genders. (2,13,18) MPS is thought to be the most common cause of musculoskeletal pain, affecting between 30-93% of symptomatic musculoskeletal patients. (19-22) Various authors have suggested that peak prevalence occurs between ages 27 -50. (23,24) However, one Canadian study found that up to 85% of seniors suffer from MPS. (25) […] Myofascial pain syndrome is the most common cause of chronic regional pain. (3) […] Myofascial pain syndrome frequently coexists with various other neuromusculoskeletal or systemic disorders. (4)

• #27 Myofascial pain syndrome | MedLink Neurology

  https://www.medlink.com/articles/myofascial-pain-syndrome

  Myofascial pain syndrome affects 10% of patients in internal medicine practice and 55% to 85% of those attending pain clinics. […] Myofascial pain syndrome is the most common type of pain that brings patients to chronic pain treatment centers. Among 283 consecutive admissions to a comprehensive pain clinic, 85% were assigned a primary organic diagnosis of myofascial syndrome. […] Among 296 patients referred to a dental clinic for chronic head and neck pain of at least 6 months’ duration, the primary diagnosis was myofascial pain in 55.4% of cases. […] Acute myofascial pain is also common in general medical practice. Among 61 consecutive consultation or follow-up patients in an internal medicine group practice, 10% of all patients and 31% of those presenting with a pain complaint had myofascial trigger points identified as being primarily responsible for their symptoms.

• #28

  https://europepmc.org/books/n/statpearls/article-25476/?extid=29261915&src=med

  The exact prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome in the general population is rarely mentioned in the existing literature, likely due to the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria. Sources claim that myofascial pain syndrome affects from 30% to 93% of patients seeking care for musculoskeletal pain. Although typically found in the population aged from 27 to 50, the disorder can also affect older and high-risk populations, such as those with sedentary lifestyles, athletes, or workers who have physically demanding jobs. The most frequently affected areas include the neck, shoulders, and back. The gender difference in the incidence of myofascial pain syndrome remains unclear.

• #29 Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pain syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v9/i9/2077.htm

  Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is characterized by myofascial trigger points and fascial constrictions. […] At present, domestic and foreign scholars have not reached a consensus on the etiology and pathogenesis of MPS. […] Due to the lack of specific laboratory indicators and imaging evidence, there is no unified diagnostic criteria for MPS, making it easy to confuse with other diseases. […] MPS is a common disease that can be seen at any age, though mostly in elderly adults, athletes, hard physical laborers and sedentary workers. […] About 30.0% to 93.0% of patients with musculoskeletal pain suffer from MPS. […] About 46.1% of the patients reveal active MTrP in the physical examinations. […] Clinical studies have shown that at least 40.0% of skeletal muscle pain syndrome is mainly because of the activated trigger points in painful muscles.

• #30

  https://europepmc.org/books/n/statpearls/article-25476/?extid=29261915&src=med

  The exact prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome in the general population is rarely mentioned in the existing literature, likely due to the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria. Sources claim that myofascial pain syndrome affects from 30% to 93% of patients seeking care for musculoskeletal pain. Although typically found in the population aged from 27 to 50, the disorder can also affect older and high-risk populations, such as those with sedentary lifestyles, athletes, or workers who have physically demanding jobs. The most frequently affected areas include the neck, shoulders, and back. The gender difference in the incidence of myofascial pain syndrome remains unclear.

• #31 Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pain syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v9/i9/2077.htm

  Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is characterized by myofascial trigger points and fascial constrictions. […] At present, domestic and foreign scholars have not reached a consensus on the etiology and pathogenesis of MPS. […] Due to the lack of specific laboratory indicators and imaging evidence, there is no unified diagnostic criteria for MPS, making it easy to confuse with other diseases. […] MPS is a common disease that can be seen at any age, though mostly in elderly adults, athletes, hard physical laborers and sedentary workers. […] About 30.0% to 93.0% of patients with musculoskeletal pain suffer from MPS. […] About 46.1% of the patients reveal active MTrP in the physical examinations. […] Clinical studies have shown that at least 40.0% of skeletal muscle pain syndrome is mainly because of the activated trigger points in painful muscles.

• #32

  https://europepmc.org/books/n/statpearls/article-25476/?extid=29261915&src=med

  The exact prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome in the general population is rarely mentioned in the existing literature, likely due to the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria. Sources claim that myofascial pain syndrome affects from 30% to 93% of patients seeking care for musculoskeletal pain. Although typically found in the population aged from 27 to 50, the disorder can also affect older and high-risk populations, such as those with sedentary lifestyles, athletes, or workers who have physically demanding jobs. The most frequently affected areas include the neck, shoulders, and back. The gender difference in the incidence of myofascial pain syndrome remains unclear.

• #33 Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pain syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v9/i9/2077.htm

  Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is characterized by myofascial trigger points and fascial constrictions. […] At present, domestic and foreign scholars have not reached a consensus on the etiology and pathogenesis of MPS. […] Due to the lack of specific laboratory indicators and imaging evidence, there is no unified diagnostic criteria for MPS, making it easy to confuse with other diseases. […] MPS is a common disease that can be seen at any age, though mostly in elderly adults, athletes, hard physical laborers and sedentary workers. […] About 30.0% to 93.0% of patients with musculoskeletal pain suffer from MPS. […] About 46.1% of the patients reveal active MTrP in the physical examinations. […] Clinical studies have shown that at least 40.0% of skeletal muscle pain syndrome is mainly because of the activated trigger points in painful muscles.

• #34 Myofascial Pain | PM&R KnowledgeNow

  https://now.aapmr.org/myofascial-pain/

  Myofascial pain is a purely clinical diagnosis and lacks objective and systematic diagnostic criteria. This lack of consensus-driven, reliable diagnostic criteria makes it difficult to establish accurate statistics about incidence and prevalence. Approximately 9 million people in the United States are thought to suffer from myofascial pain. MPS affects up to 95% of patients with chronic pain, and in one study, MPS was found to be the primary cause of pain in 85% of patients attending a large pain center. […] Occupational risk factors for development of MPS include repetitive work activities, sub-optimal ergonomics, and work environments that result in both visual and postural stress.

• #35 Myofascial Pain | PM&R KnowledgeNow

  https://now.aapmr.org/myofascial-pain/

  Myofascial pain is a purely clinical diagnosis and lacks objective and systematic diagnostic criteria. This lack of consensus-driven, reliable diagnostic criteria makes it difficult to establish accurate statistics about incidence and prevalence. Approximately 9 million people in the United States are thought to suffer from myofascial pain. MPS affects up to 95% of patients with chronic pain, and in one study, MPS was found to be the primary cause of pain in 85% of patients attending a large pain center. […] Occupational risk factors for development of MPS include repetitive work activities, sub-optimal ergonomics, and work environments that result in both visual and postural stress.

• #36 Myofascial Pain | PM&R KnowledgeNow

  https://now.aapmr.org/myofascial-pain/

  Myofascial pain is a purely clinical diagnosis and lacks objective and systematic diagnostic criteria. This lack of consensus-driven, reliable diagnostic criteria makes it difficult to establish accurate statistics about incidence and prevalence. Approximately 9 million people in the United States are thought to suffer from myofascial pain. MPS affects up to 95% of patients with chronic pain, and in one study, MPS was found to be the primary cause of pain in 85% of patients attending a large pain center. […] Occupational risk factors for development of MPS include repetitive work activities, sub-optimal ergonomics, and work environments that result in both visual and postural stress.

• #37 Myofascial pain syndrome | MedLink Neurology

  https://www.medlink.com/articles/myofascial-pain-syndrome

  Few controlled studies have been published on the prevalence of this condition. There appears to be a female predominance, with estimates varying between 1.5:1 and 3:1. […] Numerous anecdotal reports suggest that myofascial pain is commonly a result of musculoskeletal injury, particularly in industry, where it is a frequent cause of disability after trauma, and in motor vehicle accidents, where it is seen as a major component of the whiplash syndrome. […] Torres and colleagues conducted a 1-year prospective follow-up after breast cancer surgery, which included 116 women. Fifty-two women out of 116 total subjects developed myofascial pain syndrome after breast cancer surgery (44.8%, 95% CI: 35.6 to 54.3). […] Insomnia is a risk factor for myofascial pain syndrome. In a population-based longitudinal study with 10-year follow-up, the insomnia patients were 1.93 times more likely to develop myofascial pain syndrome than the control patients after adjusting for age, sex, monthly income, urbanization, and comorbidities.

• #38

  https://europepmc.org/books/n/statpearls/article-25476/?extid=29261915&src=med

  The exact prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome in the general population is rarely mentioned in the existing literature, likely due to the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria. Sources claim that myofascial pain syndrome affects from 30% to 93% of patients seeking care for musculoskeletal pain. Although typically found in the population aged from 27 to 50, the disorder can also affect older and high-risk populations, such as those with sedentary lifestyles, athletes, or workers who have physically demanding jobs. The most frequently affected areas include the neck, shoulders, and back. The gender difference in the incidence of myofascial pain syndrome remains unclear.

• #39 Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pain syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v9/i9/2077.htm

  The predilection sites of MPS are the neck, shoulders and back. […] At present, the prevalence rate of chronic pain induced by trigger points is increasing annually. […] The patients suffering from MPS present as persistent pain, and the range of physical motion always decreases with the age increase.

• #40

  https://europepmc.org/books/n/statpearls/article-25476/?extid=29261915&src=med

  The exact prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome in the general population is rarely mentioned in the existing literature, likely due to the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria. Sources claim that myofascial pain syndrome affects from 30% to 93% of patients seeking care for musculoskeletal pain. Although typically found in the population aged from 27 to 50, the disorder can also affect older and high-risk populations, such as those with sedentary lifestyles, athletes, or workers who have physically demanding jobs. The most frequently affected areas include the neck, shoulders, and back. The gender difference in the incidence of myofascial pain syndrome remains unclear.

• #41 Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pain syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v9/i9/2077.htm

  The predilection sites of MPS are the neck, shoulders and back. […] At present, the prevalence rate of chronic pain induced by trigger points is increasing annually. […] The patients suffering from MPS present as persistent pain, and the range of physical motion always decreases with the age increase.

• #42

  https://europepmc.org/books/n/statpearls/article-25476/?extid=29261915&src=med

  The exact prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome in the general population is rarely mentioned in the existing literature, likely due to the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria. Sources claim that myofascial pain syndrome affects from 30% to 93% of patients seeking care for musculoskeletal pain. Although typically found in the population aged from 27 to 50, the disorder can also affect older and high-risk populations, such as those with sedentary lifestyles, athletes, or workers who have physically demanding jobs. The most frequently affected areas include the neck, shoulders, and back. The gender difference in the incidence of myofascial pain syndrome remains unclear.

• #43 Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pain syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v9/i9/2077.htm

  The predilection sites of MPS are the neck, shoulders and back. […] At present, the prevalence rate of chronic pain induced by trigger points is increasing annually. […] The patients suffering from MPS present as persistent pain, and the range of physical motion always decreases with the age increase.

• #44 Cervical Myofascial Pain: Practice Essentials, Etiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/305937-overview

  Myofascial pain is thought to occur commonly in the general population. As many as 21% of patients seen in general orthopedic clinics have myofascial pain. Of patients seen at specialty pain management centers, 85-93% have a myofascial pain component to their condition. […] A South American study by Munoz-Ceron et al reported that of emergency department patients with nontraumatic headaches, cervical myofascial pain was the most frequent nonprimary cause. […] Cervical myofascial pain occurs in both sexes but with a predominance among women. Myofascial pain seems to occur more frequently with increasing age until midlife. The incidence declines gradually after middle age.

• #45 Myofascial pain syndrome | MedLink Neurology

  https://www.medlink.com/articles/myofascial-pain-syndrome

  Few controlled studies have been published on the prevalence of this condition. There appears to be a female predominance, with estimates varying between 1.5:1 and 3:1. […] Numerous anecdotal reports suggest that myofascial pain is commonly a result of musculoskeletal injury, particularly in industry, where it is a frequent cause of disability after trauma, and in motor vehicle accidents, where it is seen as a major component of the whiplash syndrome. […] Torres and colleagues conducted a 1-year prospective follow-up after breast cancer surgery, which included 116 women. Fifty-two women out of 116 total subjects developed myofascial pain syndrome after breast cancer surgery (44.8%, 95% CI: 35.6 to 54.3). […] Insomnia is a risk factor for myofascial pain syndrome. In a population-based longitudinal study with 10-year follow-up, the insomnia patients were 1.93 times more likely to develop myofascial pain syndrome than the control patients after adjusting for age, sex, monthly income, urbanization, and comorbidities.

• #46 Myofascial Pain Syndrome – Illinois Chiropractic Society

  https://ilchiro.org/myofascial-pain-syndrome/

  Myofascial pain syndrome affects all ages, races, and genders. (2,13,18) MPS is thought to be the most common cause of musculoskeletal pain, affecting between 30-93% of symptomatic musculoskeletal patients. (19-22) Various authors have suggested that peak prevalence occurs between ages 27 -50. (23,24) However, one Canadian study found that up to 85% of seniors suffer from MPS. (25) […] Myofascial pain syndrome is the most common cause of chronic regional pain. (3) […] Myofascial pain syndrome frequently coexists with various other neuromusculoskeletal or systemic disorders. (4)

• #47 Scoping review and interpretation of myofascial pain/fibromyalgia syndrome: An attempt to assemble a medical puzzle | PLOS One

  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0263087

  Although MPS and fibromyalgia are defined as separate entities, the two may co-exist or considerably overlap. […] The marked dissociation between the estimated prevalence and burden of MPS, and the length of text on it in common medical textbooks, reflects this lack of understanding. […] Studies of fibromyalgia reveal odd findings e.g., complete resolution after laparoscopic surgery, and strong overlap with other conditions (e.g., hypermobility syndrome). […] This scoping review focuses on the organic mechanical aspects of myofascial pain with the hope it might advance our understanding of MPS and fibromyalgia, highlight gaps in current knowledge, and stimulate research in a less explored field. […] The discussion is divided into two parts: part 1 focuses on MPS and suggests a theoretical mechanism (fascial armoring), part 2 discusses empirical evidence in support of fibromyalgia as an entity driven by myofibroblast-generated-tensegrity-tension, as predicted by this model.

• #48 Scoping Review and Interpretation of Myofascial Pain/Fibromyalgia Syndrome: An Attempt to Assemble a Medical Puzzle | medRxiv

  https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.07.06.21260111v2.full-text

  Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is a common overlooked and underdiagnosed condition. […] MPS can evolve into fibromyalgia, and many studies focus on central mechanisms. […] A fundamental difficulty arises when there is no clear definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, or diagnosis of MPS. […] Estimates are 37 to 65 percent of the population have myofascial pain, which costs the united states $47 billion every year. […] MPS is one the most frequently under-diagnosed, under-treated and misunderstood sources of the ubiquitous aches and pains of humankind. […] Although MPS and fibromyalgia are defined as separate entities, the two may co-exist or considerably overlap. […] In some patients, regionally localized MPS may seem to evolve into fibromyalgia. […] The marked dissociation between the estimated prevalence and burden of MPS, and the length of text on it in common medical textbooks, reflects this lack of understanding.

• #49 Scoping Review and Interpretation of Myofascial Pain/Fibromyalgia Syndrome: An Attempt to Assemble a Medical Puzzle | medRxiv

  https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.07.06.21260111v2.full-text

  Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is a common overlooked and underdiagnosed condition. […] MPS can evolve into fibromyalgia, and many studies focus on central mechanisms. […] A fundamental difficulty arises when there is no clear definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, or diagnosis of MPS. […] Estimates are 37 to 65 percent of the population have myofascial pain, which costs the united states $47 billion every year. […] MPS is one the most frequently under-diagnosed, under-treated and misunderstood sources of the ubiquitous aches and pains of humankind. […] Although MPS and fibromyalgia are defined as separate entities, the two may co-exist or considerably overlap. […] In some patients, regionally localized MPS may seem to evolve into fibromyalgia. […] The marked dissociation between the estimated prevalence and burden of MPS, and the length of text on it in common medical textbooks, reflects this lack of understanding.

• #50 Scoping review and interpretation of myofascial pain/fibromyalgia syndrome: An attempt to assemble a medical puzzle | PLOS One

  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0263087

  Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is a common, overlooked, and underdiagnosed condition and has significant burden. MPS is often dismissed by clinicians while patients remain in pain for years. MPS can evolve into fibromyalgia, however, effective treatments for both are lacking due to absence of a clear mechanism. […] A fundamental difficulty arises when there is no clear definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, or diagnosis of MPS. Having no accepted definition or criteria, clearly raises issues for both diagnosis and potential studies. […] Literature estimates 45% of men and 54% of women in the general population have TrPs. Estimates are 37 to 65 percent of the population have myofascial pain, which costs the united states $47 billion every year. MPS is one the most frequently under-diagnosed, under-treated and misunderstood sources of the ubiquitous aches and pains of humankind.

• #51 Scoping review and interpretation of myofascial pain/fibromyalgia syndrome: An attempt to assemble a medical puzzle | PLOS One

  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0263087

  Although MPS and fibromyalgia are defined as separate entities, the two may co-exist or considerably overlap. […] The marked dissociation between the estimated prevalence and burden of MPS, and the length of text on it in common medical textbooks, reflects this lack of understanding. […] Studies of fibromyalgia reveal odd findings e.g., complete resolution after laparoscopic surgery, and strong overlap with other conditions (e.g., hypermobility syndrome). […] This scoping review focuses on the organic mechanical aspects of myofascial pain with the hope it might advance our understanding of MPS and fibromyalgia, highlight gaps in current knowledge, and stimulate research in a less explored field. […] The discussion is divided into two parts: part 1 focuses on MPS and suggests a theoretical mechanism (fascial armoring), part 2 discusses empirical evidence in support of fibromyalgia as an entity driven by myofibroblast-generated-tensegrity-tension, as predicted by this model.

• #52 Scoping Review and Interpretation of Myofascial Pain/Fibromyalgia Syndrome: An Attempt to Assemble a Medical Puzzle | medRxiv

  https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.07.06.21260111v2.full-text

  Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is a common overlooked and underdiagnosed condition. […] MPS can evolve into fibromyalgia, and many studies focus on central mechanisms. […] A fundamental difficulty arises when there is no clear definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, or diagnosis of MPS. […] Estimates are 37 to 65 percent of the population have myofascial pain, which costs the united states $47 billion every year. […] MPS is one the most frequently under-diagnosed, under-treated and misunderstood sources of the ubiquitous aches and pains of humankind. […] Although MPS and fibromyalgia are defined as separate entities, the two may co-exist or considerably overlap. […] In some patients, regionally localized MPS may seem to evolve into fibromyalgia. […] The marked dissociation between the estimated prevalence and burden of MPS, and the length of text on it in common medical textbooks, reflects this lack of understanding.

• #53 Myofascial Pain – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK535344/

  The prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome in the United States is about 9 million, and it is estimated that the same percentage of patients is found in Canada. Myofascial pain syndrome affects men and women equally, while it is more prevalent in people greater than 60 years of age. There is no convincing data to suggest a relationship between myofascial pain and ethnicity or geographical location.[13] […] Myofascial pain syndrome is a disease with no standard management and surveillance protocol. […] Multiple TPs persistent for not less than a year confirms myofascial pain syndrome.[7]

• #54

  https://experts.mcmaster.ca/display/publication3560206

  Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a chronic regional pain condition characterized by trigger points-hyperirritable spots within taut bands of muscle fibers that cause both localized and referred pain. […] The pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, and classification of MPS are still under investigation, which complicates the development of standardized treatment protocols. […] Although diagnostic tools have improved, MPS often remains underrecognized due to symptom overlap with other pain disorders, such as fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain, and joint disorders. […] Factors contributing to its onset and persistence include muscle overuse, postural imbalance, systemic conditions, and psychological and behavioral influences. […] This narrative review explores the primary risk factors, current hypotheses on pathogenesis, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and both conventional and emerging treatments.

• #55 Myofascial Pain Syndrome – Epidemiology Forecast – 2032

  https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/5525418/myofascial-pain-syndrome-epidemiology?srsltid=AfmBOorzogbeYUxun-yPyOmBK7BcJvE2pOBPYGWQ697orOKeNQZ33MMw

  This „Myofascial Pain Syndrome – Epidemiology Forecast to 2032” report delivers an in-depth understanding of the disease, historical and forecasted Myofascial Pain Syndrome epidemiology in the 7MM, i.e., the United States, EU5 (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and the United Kingdom), and Japan. […] The Myofascial Pain Syndrome epidemiology report gives a thorough understanding of the Myofascial Pain Syndrome by including details such as disease definition, symptoms, causes, pathophysiology, and diagnosis. […] The Myofascial Pain Syndrome epidemiology division provides insights about historical and current patient pool and forecasted trend for every seven major countries. […] The Myofascial Pain Syndrome epidemiology segment covers the epidemiology data in the US, EU5 countries (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and the UK), and Japan from 2019 to 2032.

• #56 Myofascial Pain Syndrome – Epidemiology Forecast – 2032

  https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/5525418/myofascial-pain-syndrome-epidemiology?srsltid=AfmBOorzogbeYUxun-yPyOmBK7BcJvE2pOBPYGWQ697orOKeNQZ33MMw

  The Myofascial Pain Syndrome epidemiology covered in the report provides historical as well as forecasted Myofascial Pain Syndrome epidemiology scenario in the 7MM covering the United States, EU5 countries (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and the United Kingdom), and Japan from 2019 to 2032. […] The report provides insight into the historical and forecasted patient pool of Myofascial Pain Syndrome in seven major markets covering the United States, EU5 (Germany, Spain, France, Italy, UK), and Japan. […] The report assesses the disease risk and burden and highlights the unmet needs of Myofascial Pain Syndrome. […] The Myofascial Pain Syndrome Epidemiology report will allow the user to develop business strategies by understanding the trends shaping and driving the global Myofascial Pain Syndrome market. […] What are the key findings pertaining to the Myofascial Pain Syndrome epidemiology across 7MM and which country will have the highest number of patients during the forecast period (2019-2032)? […] What is the disease risk, burden and unmet needs of Myofascial Pain Syndrome?

• #57 Myofascial Pain Syndromes Market: Epidemiology, Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity, and Forecast 2024-2034

  https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/5969943/myofascial-pain-syndromes-market-epidemiology?srsltid=AfmBOorKfwHSpRASY5IoZZ-IHP0t0AC0xGRgLDcUGmzhoFjnUecHfMhM

  The myofascial pain syndromes market has been comprehensively analyzed in this report titled „Myofascial Pain Syndromes Market: Epidemiology, Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity, and Forecast 2024-2034”. […] The increasing cases of muscle imbalances due to several factors, such as muscle weakness, tightness, altered movement patterns, etc., leading to the development of trigger points, are primarily driving the myofascial pain syndromes market. […] This report provides an exhaustive analysis of the myofascial pain syndromes market in the United States, EU5 (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and United Kingdom) and Japan. […] According to the report the United States has the largest patient pool for myofascial pain syndromes and also represents the largest market for its treatment.

• #58 Myofascial Pain Syndromes Market Size, Trends, Report 2034

  https://www.imarcgroup.com/myofascial-pain-syndromes-market

  According to the report the United States has the largest patient pool for myofascial pain syndromes and also represents the largest market for its treatment. […] What is the number of prevalent cases (2019-2035) of myofascial pain syndromes across the seven major markets? […] What is the size of the myofascial pain syndromes patient pool (2019-2024) across the seven major markets? […] What would be the forecasted patient pool (2025-2035) across the seven major markets? […] What are the key factors driving the epidemiological trend of myofascial pain syndromes? […] What will be the growth rate of patients across the seven major markets?

• #59 Myofascial Pain Syndromes Market: Epidemiology, Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity, and Forecast 2024-2034

  https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/5969943/myofascial-pain-syndromes-market-epidemiology?srsltid=AfmBOorKfwHSpRASY5IoZZ-IHP0t0AC0xGRgLDcUGmzhoFjnUecHfMhM

  The myofascial pain syndromes market has been comprehensively analyzed in this report titled „Myofascial Pain Syndromes Market: Epidemiology, Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity, and Forecast 2024-2034”. […] The increasing cases of muscle imbalances due to several factors, such as muscle weakness, tightness, altered movement patterns, etc., leading to the development of trigger points, are primarily driving the myofascial pain syndromes market. […] This report provides an exhaustive analysis of the myofascial pain syndromes market in the United States, EU5 (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and United Kingdom) and Japan. […] According to the report the United States has the largest patient pool for myofascial pain syndromes and also represents the largest market for its treatment.

• #60 Top Published Expert Doctors for Myofascial Pain Syndromes

  https://findexpertmd.com/d/Myofascial_Pain_Syndromes

  337 top medical experts on Myofascial Pain Syndromes across 50 countries and 36 U.S. states, including 176 MDs (Physicians). This is based on an objective analysis of their Scientific Publications, Clinical Trials, Medicare, and NIH Grants. […] Clinical Trials ClinicalTrials.gov: at least 878 including 21 Active, 578 Completed, 92 Recruiting.

• #61 Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A Nociceptive Condition Comorbid with Neuropathic or Nociplastic Pain

  https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/3/694

  Myofascial pain syndrome is a condition characterized by the presence of myofascial trigger points (TrPs) and is a commonly overlooked and ignored cause of musculoskeletal pain. […] Articles about myofascial trigger points have increased in number significantly over the past decade. […] The current paper summarizes data supporting the subgrouping of patients with myofascial TrP pain into nociceptive, nociplastic, or mixed-type phenotype. […] Simple myofascial pain syndrome caused by TrPs is primarily a nociceptive condition, is unlikely to be classified as neuropathic or nociplastic, but can be present in patients as a comorbid condition along with predominantly neuropathic or nociplastic pain syndromes. […] The presence of underlying painful nociplastic comorbidities may lower the threshold for pain by increasing the central nervous system gain, leading to sensitization, and hence TrPs may become a painful generator of pain.

• #62

  https://experts.mcmaster.ca/display/publication3560206

  Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a chronic regional pain condition characterized by trigger points-hyperirritable spots within taut bands of muscle fibers that cause both localized and referred pain. […] The pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, and classification of MPS are still under investigation, which complicates the development of standardized treatment protocols. […] Although diagnostic tools have improved, MPS often remains underrecognized due to symptom overlap with other pain disorders, such as fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain, and joint disorders. […] Factors contributing to its onset and persistence include muscle overuse, postural imbalance, systemic conditions, and psychological and behavioral influences. […] This narrative review explores the primary risk factors, current hypotheses on pathogenesis, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and both conventional and emerging treatments.

• #63 Myofascial Pain Syndrome. Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment

  https://www.medigraphic.com/cgi-bin/new/resumenI.cgi?IDARTICULO=43909

  Myofascial pain syndrome is defined by the presence of myofascial trigger points in a palpable taut band that produces pain and tenderness in the muscle or its fascia. […] In Mexico it is an underdiagnosed disease despite has a high prevalence. This paper reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pain syndrome.

• #64 Myofascial Pain Syndrome – WikiSM (Sports Medicine Wiki)

  https://wikism.org/Myofascial_Pain_Syndrome

  Not well described in the literature. […] One study estimated 30% of patients with musculoskeletal complaints suffered from MPS. […] Average age range is typically 27-50 years.

• #65

  https://experts.mcmaster.ca/display/publication3560206

  Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a chronic regional pain condition characterized by trigger points-hyperirritable spots within taut bands of muscle fibers that cause both localized and referred pain. […] The pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, and classification of MPS are still under investigation, which complicates the development of standardized treatment protocols. […] Although diagnostic tools have improved, MPS often remains underrecognized due to symptom overlap with other pain disorders, such as fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain, and joint disorders. […] Factors contributing to its onset and persistence include muscle overuse, postural imbalance, systemic conditions, and psychological and behavioral influences. […] This narrative review explores the primary risk factors, current hypotheses on pathogenesis, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, and both conventional and emerging treatments.

• #66 Dipòsit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona: Myofascial pain syndrome associated with trigger points: A literature review. (I): Epidemiology, clinical treatment and etiopathogeny

  https://diposit.ub.edu/dspace/handle/2445/49849

  Over the last few decades, advances have been made in the understanding of myofascial pain syndrome epidemiology, clinical characteristics and aetiopathogenesis, but many unknowns remain. […] An integrated hypothesis has provided a greater understanding of the physiopathology of trigger points, which may allow the development of new diagnostic, and above all, therapeutic methods, as well as the establishment of prevention policies and protocols by the health profession. […] Nevertheless, randomized studies are needed to provide a better understanding and detection of the different factors involved in the origin of trigger points.

• #67

  https://europepmc.org/books/n/statpearls/article-25476/?extid=29261915&src=med

  The exact prevalence of myofascial pain syndrome in the general population is rarely mentioned in the existing literature, likely due to the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria. Sources claim that myofascial pain syndrome affects from 30% to 93% of patients seeking care for musculoskeletal pain. Although typically found in the population aged from 27 to 50, the disorder can also affect older and high-risk populations, such as those with sedentary lifestyles, athletes, or workers who have physically demanding jobs. The most frequently affected areas include the neck, shoulders, and back. The gender difference in the incidence of myofascial pain syndrome remains unclear.

• #68 Myofascial Pain | PM&R KnowledgeNow

  https://now.aapmr.org/myofascial-pain/

  Myofascial pain is a purely clinical diagnosis and lacks objective and systematic diagnostic criteria. This lack of consensus-driven, reliable diagnostic criteria makes it difficult to establish accurate statistics about incidence and prevalence. Approximately 9 million people in the United States are thought to suffer from myofascial pain. MPS affects up to 95% of patients with chronic pain, and in one study, MPS was found to be the primary cause of pain in 85% of patients attending a large pain center. […] Occupational risk factors for development of MPS include repetitive work activities, sub-optimal ergonomics, and work environments that result in both visual and postural stress.

• #69 Scoping review and interpretation of myofascial pain/fibromyalgia syndrome: An attempt to assemble a medical puzzle | PLOS One

  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0263087

  Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is a common, overlooked, and underdiagnosed condition and has significant burden. MPS is often dismissed by clinicians while patients remain in pain for years. MPS can evolve into fibromyalgia, however, effective treatments for both are lacking due to absence of a clear mechanism. […] A fundamental difficulty arises when there is no clear definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, or diagnosis of MPS. Having no accepted definition or criteria, clearly raises issues for both diagnosis and potential studies. […] Literature estimates 45% of men and 54% of women in the general population have TrPs. Estimates are 37 to 65 percent of the population have myofascial pain, which costs the united states $47 billion every year. MPS is one the most frequently under-diagnosed, under-treated and misunderstood sources of the ubiquitous aches and pains of humankind.

• #70 Scoping Review and Interpretation of Myofascial Pain/Fibromyalgia Syndrome: An Attempt to Assemble a Medical Puzzle | medRxiv

  https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.07.06.21260111v2.full-text

  Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is a common overlooked and underdiagnosed condition. […] MPS can evolve into fibromyalgia, and many studies focus on central mechanisms. […] A fundamental difficulty arises when there is no clear definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, or diagnosis of MPS. […] Estimates are 37 to 65 percent of the population have myofascial pain, which costs the united states $47 billion every year. […] MPS is one the most frequently under-diagnosed, under-treated and misunderstood sources of the ubiquitous aches and pains of humankind. […] Although MPS and fibromyalgia are defined as separate entities, the two may co-exist or considerably overlap. […] In some patients, regionally localized MPS may seem to evolve into fibromyalgia. […] The marked dissociation between the estimated prevalence and burden of MPS, and the length of text on it in common medical textbooks, reflects this lack of understanding.

• #71 Myofascial Pain Syndrome and Trigger-Point Management | Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine

  https://rapm.bmj.com/content/22/1/89

  Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a common condition often resulting in referral to a pain clinic. The incidence of MPS with associated trigger points appears to vary between 30 and 85% of people presenting to pain clinics, and the condition is more prevalent in women than in men. Patients complain of regional persistent pain, ranging in intensity and most frequently found in the head, neck, shoulders, extremities, and low back. […] A multidisciplinary approach to treatment appears to be most beneficial and may include such modalities as trigger-point injections, dry needling, stretch and spray, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. […] The definitive pathogenesis of MPS is currently unknown, and no single diagnostic method is consistently positive.

• #72 Myofascial Pain Syndrome: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12054-myofascial-pain-syndrome

  Myofascial pain syndrome is common. Experts estimate that up to 85% of the general population will develop the condition at some point. […] Myofascial pain syndrome is often underdiagnosed and overlooked. This is because many of its symptoms overlap with other conditions that affect your nerves, bones, ligaments or tendons. […] To diagnose myofascial pain syndrome, your healthcare provider will need to physically examine your muscles to feel for taut bands of muscles and then find the tender spots. Finding and applying pressure to a trigger point will result in pain, felt at the immediate spot or in an area a short distance away (referred pain). […] You cant always prevent myofascial pain syndrome. But there are certain things you can do to reduce your risk: Maintain proper sleep hygiene. Reduce your stress. Get exercise.

• #73 Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of myofascial pain syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v9/i9/2077.htm

  Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is characterized by myofascial trigger points and fascial constrictions. […] At present, domestic and foreign scholars have not reached a consensus on the etiology and pathogenesis of MPS. […] Due to the lack of specific laboratory indicators and imaging evidence, there is no unified diagnostic criteria for MPS, making it easy to confuse with other diseases. […] MPS is a common disease that can be seen at any age, though mostly in elderly adults, athletes, hard physical laborers and sedentary workers. […] About 30.0% to 93.0% of patients with musculoskeletal pain suffer from MPS. […] About 46.1% of the patients reveal active MTrP in the physical examinations. […] Clinical studies have shown that at least 40.0% of skeletal muscle pain syndrome is mainly because of the activated trigger points in painful muscles.

• #74 Scoping review and interpretation of myofascial pain/fibromyalgia syndrome: An attempt to assemble a medical puzzle | PLOS One

  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0263087

  Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is a common, overlooked, and underdiagnosed condition and has significant burden. MPS is often dismissed by clinicians while patients remain in pain for years. MPS can evolve into fibromyalgia, however, effective treatments for both are lacking due to absence of a clear mechanism. […] A fundamental difficulty arises when there is no clear definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, or diagnosis of MPS. Having no accepted definition or criteria, clearly raises issues for both diagnosis and potential studies. […] Literature estimates 45% of men and 54% of women in the general population have TrPs. Estimates are 37 to 65 percent of the population have myofascial pain, which costs the united states $47 billion every year. MPS is one the most frequently under-diagnosed, under-treated and misunderstood sources of the ubiquitous aches and pains of humankind.

• #75 Scoping Review and Interpretation of Myofascial Pain/Fibromyalgia Syndrome: An Attempt to Assemble a Medical Puzzle | medRxiv

  https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.07.06.21260111v2.full-text

  Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS) is a common overlooked and underdiagnosed condition. […] MPS can evolve into fibromyalgia, and many studies focus on central mechanisms. […] A fundamental difficulty arises when there is no clear definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, or diagnosis of MPS. […] Estimates are 37 to 65 percent of the population have myofascial pain, which costs the united states $47 billion every year. […] MPS is one the most frequently under-diagnosed, under-treated and misunderstood sources of the ubiquitous aches and pains of humankind. […] Although MPS and fibromyalgia are defined as separate entities, the two may co-exist or considerably overlap. […] In some patients, regionally localized MPS may seem to evolve into fibromyalgia. […] The marked dissociation between the estimated prevalence and burden of MPS, and the length of text on it in common medical textbooks, reflects this lack of understanding.

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