Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Childhood schizophrenia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/childhood-schizophrenia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354483

  Childhood schizophrenia is an uncommon but severe mental disorder in which children and teenagers interpret reality abnormally. Schizophrenia involves a range of problems with thinking (cognitive), behavior or emotions. It may result in some combination of hallucinations, delusions, and extremely disordered thinking and behavior that impairs your child’s ability to function. […] Childhood schizophrenia is essentially the same as schizophrenia in adults, but it starts early in life generally in the teenage years and has a profound impact on a child’s behavior and development. With childhood schizophrenia, the early age of onset presents special challenges for diagnosis, treatment, education, and emotional and social development. […] Schizophrenia involves a range of problems with thinking, behavior or emotions. Signs and symptoms may vary, but usually involve delusions, hallucinations or disorganized speech, and reflect an impaired ability to function. The effect can be disabling.

• #2 Childhood Schizophrenia: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21067-childhood-schizophrenia

  Childhood schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder that starts before your child turns 13. Symptoms include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and movements, and reductions in motivation and their ability to feel and express emotions. Early and regular treatment offers the best outlook. […] Symptoms of childhood schizophrenia include psychosis, and movement and thought (cognitive) disorders. Childhood schizophrenia interferes with things like your child’s: […] Your child may behave in ways that can hurt themselves or others. They may have a higher risk of injuries or other illnesses. […] Symptoms of these conditions often appear before psychosis. This can make it difficult to say exactly when your child’s schizophrenia starts. […] Childhood schizophrenia causes symptoms like schizophrenia in adults. Your child may have the following symptoms:

• #3 Childhood schizophrenia | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/childhood-schizophrenia

  Childhood schizophrenia is an uncommon but severe mental disorder in which children and teenagers interpret reality abnormally. Schizophrenia involves a range of problems with thinking (cognitive), behavior or emotions. It may result in some combination of hallucinations, delusions, and extremely disordered thinking and behavior that impairs your child’s ability to function. […] Childhood schizophrenia is essentially the same as schizophrenia in adults, but it starts early in life generally in the teenage years and has a profound impact on a child’s behavior and development. With childhood schizophrenia, the early age of onset presents special challenges for diagnosis, treatment, education, and emotional and social development. […] Schizophrenia involves a range of problems with thinking, behavior or emotions. Signs and symptoms may vary, but usually involve delusions, hallucinations or disorganized speech, and reflect an impaired ability to function. The effect can be disabling.

• #4 Childhood schizophrenia – Hancock Health

  https://www.hancockhealth.org/mayo-health-library/childhood-schizophrenia/

  Childhood schizophrenia is an uncommon but severe mental disorder in which children and teenagers interpret reality abnormally. Schizophrenia involves a range of problems with thinking (cognitive), behavior or emotions. It may result in some combination of hallucinations, delusions, and extremely disordered thinking and behavior that impairs your child’s ability to function. […] Childhood schizophrenia is essentially the same as schizophrenia in adults, but it starts early in life generally in the teenage years and has a profound impact on a child’s behavior and development. With childhood schizophrenia, the early age of onset presents special challenges for diagnosis, treatment, education, and emotional and social development. […] Schizophrenia involves a range of problems with thinking, behavior or emotions. Signs and symptoms may vary, but usually involve delusions, hallucinations or disorganized speech, and reflect an impaired ability to function. The effect can be disabling.

• #5 Childhood schizophrenia; paranoid schizophrenia – Schizophrenia.com

  http://schizophrenia.com/family/childsz.htm

  A child’s stage of development must be taken into account when considering a diagnosis of mental illness. Behaviors that are normal at one age, may not be at another. Rarely, a normal young child may report strange experiences such as hearing voices that would be considered abnormal at a later age. Clinicians look for a more persistent pattern of such behaviors. Parents may have reason for concern if a child of 7 years or older often hears voices saying derogatory things about him or her, or voices conversing with one another, talks to himself or herself, stares at scary things—snakes, spiders, shadows—that aren’t really there, and shows no interest in friendships. Such behaviors could be signs of schizophrenia, a chronic and disabling form of mental illness. […] Fortunately, schizophrenia is rare in children, affecting only about 1 in 40,000, compared to 1 in 100 in adults. The average age of onset is 18 in men and 25 in women. Ranking among the top 10 causes of disability in developed countries worldwide, schizophrenia, at any age, exacts a heavy toll on patients and their families. Children with schizophrenia experience difficulty in managing everyday life. They share with their adult counterparts hallucinations, delusions, social withdrawal, flattened emotions, increased risk of suicide and loss of social and personal care skills. […] Although they tend to be harder to treat and have a worse prognosis than adult-onset schizophrenia patients, researchers are finding that many children with schizophrenia can be helped by the new generation of anti-psychotic medications.

• #6 Schizophrenia in Children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/schizophrenia-children

  Schizophrenia is uncommon in children under the age of 12 and hard to identify in the early phases. […] A sudden onset of the psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia frequently occurs in middle to late adolescence. […] In children with schizophrenia, behavior changes may occur slowly, over time, or have a sudden onset. The child may gradually become more shy and withdrawn. […] One of the most disturbing and puzzling characteristics of schizophrenia is the sudden onset of its psychotic symptoms. […] Early warning signs of schizophrenia in children may include: Distorted perception of reality (difficulty telling dreams from reality), Confused thinking (such as, confusing television with reality), Detailed and bizarre thoughts and ideas, Suspiciousness and/or paranoia (fearfulness that someone, or something, is going to harm them), Hallucinations (seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not real such as hearing voices telling them to do something), Delusions (ideas that seem real but are not based in reality), Extreme moodiness, Severe anxiety and/or fearfulness, Flat affect (lack of emotional expression when speaking), Difficulty in performing schoolwork and/or a decline in previous levels of academic achievement, Social withdrawal (severe problems in making and keeping friends), Disorganized or catatonic behavior (suddenly becoming agitated and confused, or sitting and staring, as if immobilized), Odd behaviors (for example, an older child may regress significantly and begin acting like a younger child). […] The symptoms of schizophrenia in children are similar to adults, however, children, more often (in 80% of diagnosed cases), experience auditory hallucinations and typically do not experience delusions or formal thought disorders until mid-adolescence or older.

• #7 Childhood schizophrenia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/childhood-schizophrenia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354483

  Symptoms can vary in type and severity over time, with periods of worsening and remission of symptoms. Some symptoms may always be present. Schizophrenia can be difficult to recognize in the early phases. […] Early signs and symptoms may include problems with thinking, behavior and emotions. […] Compared with schizophrenia symptoms in adults, children and teens may be: Less likely to have delusions; More likely to have visual hallucinations. […] When childhood schizophrenia begins early in life, symptoms may build up gradually. Early signs and symptoms may be so vague that you can’t recognize what’s wrong. […] As time goes on, signs may become more severe and more noticeable. Eventually, your child may develop the symptoms of psychosis, including hallucinations, delusions and difficulty organizing thoughts.

• #8 Childhood schizophrenia – Hancock Health

  https://www.hancockhealth.org/mayo-health-library/childhood-schizophrenia/

  Symptoms can vary in type and severity over time, with periods of worsening and remission of symptoms. Some symptoms may always be present. Schizophrenia can be difficult to recognize in the early phases. […] Early signs and symptoms may include problems with thinking, behavior and emotions. […] As children with schizophrenia age, more typical signs and symptoms of the disorder begin to appear. Signs and symptoms may include: Delusions. These are false beliefs that are not based in reality. […] Hallucinations. These usually involve seeing or hearing things that don’t exist. […] Disorganized thinking. Disorganized thinking is inferred from disorganized speech. […] Extremely disorganized or abnormal motor behavior. […] Negative symptoms. This refers to reduced or lack of ability to function normally.

• #9 Schizophrenia in Children | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions—pediatrics/s/schizophrenia-in-children.html

  Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness. It’s a long-lasting and disabling problem of the brain. It can be treated, but right now there is no cure. A child with this disorder has unusual behavior and strange feelings. They may suddenly start to have psychotic symptoms. Experiencing psychosis means having strange ideas, thoughts, or feelings that are not based in reality. […] Schizophrenia is not often found in children younger than age 12. It’s also hard to spot in the early stages. Often, the psychotic symptoms start in the middle to late teen years. Slightly more boys develop it in childhood. But by the teen years, it affects both sexes equally. […] Behavior changes may occur slowly, over time. Or they may start suddenly. The child may slowly become more shy and withdrawn. They may start to talk about odd ideas or fears and start to cling more to parents.

• #10 CoxHealth | Schizophrenia in Children

  https://www.coxhealth.com/condition/schizophrenia-in-children/

  Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness. It’s a long-lasting and disabling problem of the brain. It can be treated, but right now there is no cure. A child with this disorder has unusual behavior and strange feelings. They may suddenly start to have psychotic symptoms. Experiencing psychosis means having strange ideas, thoughts, or feelings that are not based in reality. […] Schizophrenia is not often found in children younger than age 12. It’s also hard to spot in the early stages. Often, the psychotic symptoms start in the middle to late teen years. Slightly more boys develop it in childhood. But by the teen years, it affects both sexes equally. […] Behavior changes may occur slowly, over time. Or they may start suddenly. The child may slowly become more shy and withdrawn. They may start to talk about odd ideas or fears and start to cling more to parents.

• #11 Schizophrenia in Children | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions—pediatrics/s/schizophrenia-in-children.html

  Each child’s symptoms may vary. Early warning signs are: Trouble telling dreams from reality (distorted view of reality), Confused thinking, such as confusing TV with reality, Detailed and bizarre thoughts and ideas, Fear or belief that someone or something is going to harm them, Seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not real, such as hearing voices (hallucinations), Ideas that seem real but are not based in reality (delusions), Extreme moodiness, Excessive anxiety or fear, Lack of emotional expression when speaking, Trouble doing schoolwork or a drop in levels of school success, Social withdrawal, such as having problems making and keeping friends, Sudden agitation and confusion, Disorganized behavior, such as doing private things in public. Or catatonic behavior, such as sitting and staring, as if the child can’t move. Or odd behaviors, such as an older child acting like they are much younger.

• #12 Schizophrenia in Children

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/health-library/schizophrenia-in-children

  Each child’s symptoms may vary. Early warning signs are: Trouble telling dreams from reality (distorted view of reality), Confused thinking, such as confusing TV with reality, Detailed and bizarre thoughts and ideas, Fear or belief that someone or something is going to harm them, Seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not real, such as hearing voices (hallucinations), Ideas that seem real but are not based in reality (delusions), Extreme moodiness, Excessive anxiety or fear, Lack of emotional expression when speaking, Trouble doing schoolwork or a drop in levels of school success, Social withdrawal, such as having problems making and keeping friends, Sudden agitation and confusion, Disorganized behavior, such as doing private things in public. Or catatonic behavior, such as sitting and staring, as if the child can’t move. Odd behaviors, such as an older child acting like they are much younger.

• #13 A Review of Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6526799/

  Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a multifactorial etiology. Pediatric schizophrenia consists of early-onset schizophrenia (onset prior to age 18 years) and childhood-onset schizophrenia (onset prior to age 13 years). […] The onset of childhood-onset schizophrenia is often insidious, and children frequently have premorbid social and occupational dysfunction prior to developing overt psychotic symptoms. […] Childhood-onset schizophrenia frequently presents with a prodrome phase prior to the onset of florid psychotic symptoms. This prodrome phase is characterized by functional decline that affects multiple domains of daily living, including academics, social functioning, and self-care. […] Insidious onset of symptoms, onset at a young age, lower intellectual functioning, lower premorbid functioning, and higher rates of negative symptoms are poor prognostic indicators.

• #14 Childhood Schizophrenia: Symptoms, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/childhood-schizophrenia

  Childhood schizophrenia is a severe mental health disorder in children younger than age 13 that affects the way they deal with reality. They might have unusual thoughts, feelings, or behaviors. Its also called childhood-onset or very early onset schizophrenia. […] The disorder is rare — less than 1% of children are diagnosed with it — and may be hard to spot. Theres no cure, but treatment can help. […] Some children who develop schizophrenia first go through a period called the prodrome or the prodromal phase. They might withdraw from daily life, with more anxiety and less interest in school or friends. Not all children who show these signs will have a psychotic disorder, so its important to talk to your doctor if you notice any issues. […] In older kids, you might notice the behavior changes of schizophrenia over time or suddenly, as if out of nowhere. Your child may act withdrawn and clingy, or they may talk about strange and disturbed ideas and fears.

• #15 Childhood Schizophrenia: What Are the First Signs? – Child Mind Institute

  https://childmind.org/article/childhood-schizophrenia-what-are-the-first-signs/

  Early onset is rare enough that symptoms are often confused with something else. […] In most cases, the onset in childhood is actually quite gradual. A child, or a young adolescent, might become more isolated. The child might appear to be having difficulties with attention because they’re actually paying attention to internal stimuli, such as the hallucinations or to their delusional thoughts. […] In other cases, the children might appear very anxious because it is a very, very scary experience for a child to have a hallucination. Number one, because sometimes the content of the hallucination is very threatening, like, “I’m going to kill you,” or accusatory, “You terrible child. You have done the most terrible things.” […] Schoolwork might go downhill because the child is having a lot of difficulty paying attention and retaining what they are learning. […] And another very important symptom of onset would be difficulties with sleep. The child might have difficulties falling asleep, which is part and parcel of the disorder, but it also might occur because in the evenings these hallucinations seem to be more apparent.

• #16 Advice for Parents on Early Signs of Schizophrenia | Brain & Behavior Research Foundation

  https://bbrfoundation.org/blog/advice-parents-early-signs-schizophrenia

  My sister, who is two years younger than I, had planned to become a physician from our earliest life, while I wanted to be an astronaut. She was the intellectual, but she was also a teenage dance champion. She was always amazing. At some point during her freshman year, her behavior started changing. She became oddly withdrawn, and preoccupied with sounds. She believed that the neighbors might be speaking about her, and then, shortly before she graduated high school, that helicopters overhead were there to monitor her thoughts. […] Perhaps, over a period of nine months, there were subtle signs—the withdrawing, the social anxiety, the decline in her grades, the reduced interest in her friends—these are indeed the kind of things that often occur during what we doctors call the prodrome. […] No, and I should make clear that the prodrome is not a period specific to psychosis. In fact, only a third of prodromal young people, who have a change in behavior that affects their friendships, interests, and scholastic performance, will ultimately develop psychosis. But in all instances, it’s a time when people experiencing these symptoms need some treatment.

• #17 Symptoms – Schizophrenia – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/schizophrenia/symptoms/

  The condition may develop slowly. The first signs can be hard to identify as they often develop during the teenage years. […] Symptoms such as becoming socially withdrawn and unresponsive or changes in sleeping patterns can be mistaken for an adolescent „phase”. […] The negative symptoms of schizophrenia can often appear several months or years before somebody experiences their first acute schizophrenic episode with symptoms such as delusions or hallucinations. […] These initial negative symptoms are often referred to as the prodromal period of schizophrenia. […] Symptoms during the prodromal period usually appear gradually and slowly get worse. […] Negative symptoms experienced by people living with schizophrenia can include: not wanting to look after themselves and their needs, such as not caring about personal hygiene; feeling disconnected from their feelings or emotions; wanting to avoid people, including friends. […] The negative symptoms of schizophrenia can often lead to relationship problems with friends and family as they can sometimes be mistaken for deliberate laziness or rudeness.

• #18 Advice for Parents on Early Signs of Schizophrenia | Brain & Behavior Research Foundation

  https://bbrfoundation.org/blog/advice-parents-early-signs-schizophrenia

  I think the concern is when there is a decline in interest in friends and academics, or when the young person has delusions, such as hearing voices. […] Another change to notice is excessive interest in philosophy or religion, at the same time as a loss of interest in school work and friends. […] Perceiving a decline in functioning from a previous period is what should really get the parents’ attention. […] It’s important, first of all, for the child to have a full medical work-up. […] I would also like to call attention to the importance of adequate nutrition and vitamins, especially zinc levels, for young children and teens who are at risk for a mental health disorder. […] Some of the important risk factors have been traced to different individual genes, although there’s no genetic test for schizophrenia yet.

• #19 Childhood schizophrenia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/childhood-schizophrenia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354483

  Symptoms can vary in type and severity over time, with periods of worsening and remission of symptoms. Some symptoms may always be present. Schizophrenia can be difficult to recognize in the early phases. […] Early signs and symptoms may include problems with thinking, behavior and emotions. […] Compared with schizophrenia symptoms in adults, children and teens may be: Less likely to have delusions; More likely to have visual hallucinations. […] When childhood schizophrenia begins early in life, symptoms may build up gradually. Early signs and symptoms may be so vague that you can’t recognize what’s wrong. […] As time goes on, signs may become more severe and more noticeable. Eventually, your child may develop the symptoms of psychosis, including hallucinations, delusions and difficulty organizing thoughts.

• #20 Childhood schizophrenia | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/childhood-schizophrenia

  Compared with schizophrenia symptoms in adults, children and teens may be: Less likely to have delusions […] More likely to have visual hallucinations. […] When childhood schizophrenia begins early in life, symptoms may build up gradually. Early signs and symptoms may be so vague that you can’t recognize what’s wrong. […] As time goes on, signs may become more severe and more noticeable. Eventually, your child may develop the symptoms of psychosis, including hallucinations, delusions and difficulty organizing thoughts.

• #21 Childhood Schizophrenia: Symptoms, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/childhood-schizophrenia

  Experts divide symptoms of childhood schizophrenia into three categories: positive, negative, and cognitive. Positive symptoms are psychotic, which means theres a break with reality. These include unusual movements, unusual thoughts, and hallucinations. […] Negative symptoms involve behavior and emotion. They include isolation, not speaking much or at all, and showing little or no emotion. […] Cognitive symptoms show differences in how a child thinks or remembers, such as trouble focusing or understanding something. […] When childhood schizophrenia is diagnosed and treated early, your child may be able to manage it as they grow into an adult. Health professionals will keep tabs on their condition and treatments for life. Although theres no cure for this disorder, people who have schizophrenia can succeed at school, at work, and in their social lives.

• #22 Schizophrenia | Signs & Symptoms Of Schizophrenia | YoungMinds

  https://www.youngminds.org.uk/young-person/mental-health-conditions/schizophrenia/

  Schizophrenia symptoms can be divided into two main groups: positive and negative. […] 'Positive’ symptoms of schizophrenia include seeing, feeling, smelling or hearing voices or sounds that others don’t (hallucinations), having beliefs that sound unreal to others (delusions), muddled thinking, and a feeling that someone or something else is controlling you. […] 'Negative’ symptoms of schizophrenia include not feeling up to your usual stuff, like washing, dressing or seeing friends, feeling flat and emotionless, struggling to focus, and losing interest in life. […] Life with schizophrenia can be quite difficult. […] Psychosis is scary and can take so much from your life, but it is important to know that you are not alone and that there are always people who want to support you. […] You can still live a happy and healthy life with a schizophrenia diagnosis, even if you continue to have symptoms. But getting the right help is key.

• #23 Childhood Schizophrenia: Symptoms, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/childhood-schizophrenia

  Experts divide symptoms of childhood schizophrenia into three categories: positive, negative, and cognitive. Positive symptoms are psychotic, which means theres a break with reality. These include unusual movements, unusual thoughts, and hallucinations. […] Negative symptoms involve behavior and emotion. They include isolation, not speaking much or at all, and showing little or no emotion. […] Cognitive symptoms show differences in how a child thinks or remembers, such as trouble focusing or understanding something. […] When childhood schizophrenia is diagnosed and treated early, your child may be able to manage it as they grow into an adult. Health professionals will keep tabs on their condition and treatments for life. Although theres no cure for this disorder, people who have schizophrenia can succeed at school, at work, and in their social lives.

• #24 Schizophrenia | NAMI

  https://www.nami.org/about-mental-illness/mental-health-conditions/schizophrenia/

  For a diagnosis of schizophrenia, some of the following symptoms are present in the context of reduced functioning for at least 6 months: Hallucinations. These include a person hearing voices, seeing things, or smelling things others can’t perceive. The hallucination is very real to the person experiencing it, and it may be very confusing for a loved one to witness. The voices in the hallucination can be critical or threatening. […] Delusions. These are false beliefs that don’t change even when the person who holds them is presented with new ideas or facts. People who have delusions often also have problems concentrating, confused thinking, or the sense that their thoughts are blocked. […] Negative symptoms are ones that diminish a person’s abilities. Negative symptoms often include being emotionally flat or speaking in a dull, disconnected way. People with the negative symptoms may be unable to start or follow through with activities, show little interest in life, or sustain relationships. Negative symptoms are sometimes confused with clinical depression.

• #25 Childhood schizophrenia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/childhood-schizophrenia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354483

  Symptoms can vary in type and severity over time, with periods of worsening and remission of symptoms. Some symptoms may always be present. Schizophrenia can be difficult to recognize in the early phases. […] Early signs and symptoms may include problems with thinking, behavior and emotions. […] Compared with schizophrenia symptoms in adults, children and teens may be: Less likely to have delusions; More likely to have visual hallucinations. […] When childhood schizophrenia begins early in life, symptoms may build up gradually. Early signs and symptoms may be so vague that you can’t recognize what’s wrong. […] As time goes on, signs may become more severe and more noticeable. Eventually, your child may develop the symptoms of psychosis, including hallucinations, delusions and difficulty organizing thoughts.

• #26 Schizophrenia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/schizophrenia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354443

  Schizophrenia involves a range of problems in how people think, feel and behave. Symptoms may include: […] People with schizophrenia usually are diagnosed in the late teen years to early 30s. In men, schizophrenia symptoms usually start in the late teens to early 20s. In women, symptoms usually begin in the late 20s to early 30s. There also is a group of people usually women who are diagnosed later in life. It isn’t common for children to be diagnosed with schizophrenia. […] Schizophrenia symptoms in teenagers are like those in adults, but the condition may be harder to pinpoint. That’s because some early symptoms of schizophrenia those that occur before hallucinations, delusions and disorganization are commonly seen in many teens, such as: […] Compared with adults with schizophrenia, teens with the condition may be less likely to have delusions and more likely to have hallucinations.

• #27 Childhood Schizophrenia: Symptoms, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/childhood-schizophrenia

  Experts divide symptoms of childhood schizophrenia into three categories: positive, negative, and cognitive. Positive symptoms are psychotic, which means theres a break with reality. These include unusual movements, unusual thoughts, and hallucinations. […] Negative symptoms involve behavior and emotion. They include isolation, not speaking much or at all, and showing little or no emotion. […] Cognitive symptoms show differences in how a child thinks or remembers, such as trouble focusing or understanding something. […] When childhood schizophrenia is diagnosed and treated early, your child may be able to manage it as they grow into an adult. Health professionals will keep tabs on their condition and treatments for life. Although theres no cure for this disorder, people who have schizophrenia can succeed at school, at work, and in their social lives.

• #28 Schizophrenia | NAMI

  https://www.nami.org/about-mental-illness/mental-health-conditions/schizophrenia/

  For a diagnosis of schizophrenia, some of the following symptoms are present in the context of reduced functioning for at least 6 months: Hallucinations. These include a person hearing voices, seeing things, or smelling things others can’t perceive. The hallucination is very real to the person experiencing it, and it may be very confusing for a loved one to witness. The voices in the hallucination can be critical or threatening. […] Delusions. These are false beliefs that don’t change even when the person who holds them is presented with new ideas or facts. People who have delusions often also have problems concentrating, confused thinking, or the sense that their thoughts are blocked. […] Negative symptoms are ones that diminish a person’s abilities. Negative symptoms often include being emotionally flat or speaking in a dull, disconnected way. People with the negative symptoms may be unable to start or follow through with activities, show little interest in life, or sustain relationships. Negative symptoms are sometimes confused with clinical depression.

• #29 Childhood Schizophrenia: Symptoms, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/childhood-schizophrenia

  Experts divide symptoms of childhood schizophrenia into three categories: positive, negative, and cognitive. Positive symptoms are psychotic, which means theres a break with reality. These include unusual movements, unusual thoughts, and hallucinations. […] Negative symptoms involve behavior and emotion. They include isolation, not speaking much or at all, and showing little or no emotion. […] Cognitive symptoms show differences in how a child thinks or remembers, such as trouble focusing or understanding something. […] When childhood schizophrenia is diagnosed and treated early, your child may be able to manage it as they grow into an adult. Health professionals will keep tabs on their condition and treatments for life. Although theres no cure for this disorder, people who have schizophrenia can succeed at school, at work, and in their social lives.

• #30 What Are the Signs of Schizophrenia in Children?

  https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/signs-of-schizophrenia-in-children

  People with schizophrenia may have delusions that cause them to cling to ideas that are not rational or realistic. […] Some people with schizophrenia pace, gesture, rock, or make other movements over and over. […] Children with schizophrenia often have problems with concentration, focus, attention, memory, and decision-making. […] Negative symptoms refer to the lack of certain abilities or skills. […] Yes. Some symptoms may remain steady. Others may become more noticeable as your child gets older, especially if the condition hasnt been treated. Schizophrenia symptoms can have quieter and more active periods throughout life. […] Its important to be sure about a diagnosis, however, because the sooner the right diagnosis and treatment begin, the better the results are likely to be. […] Once you and your childs healthcare team are sure of the diagnosis, you can begin to build a treatment plan.

• #31 Schizophrenia in Children | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions—pediatrics/s/schizophrenia-in-children.html

  Children with schizophrenia have the same symptoms as adults with the condition. But more children hear voices. Children also don’t tend to have delusions or formal thought problems until they are in their teens or older. […] Symptoms can develop slowly over time or start quickly. […] Schizophrenia may increase a child’s risk for suicidal thinking.

• #32 Schizophrenia in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=schizophrenia-in-children-90-P02581

  Children with schizophrenia have the same symptoms as adults with the condition. But more children hear voices. Children also don’t tend to have delusions or formal thought problems until they are in their teens or older. […] Symptoms can develop slowly over time or start quickly. […] A mental health expert can diagnose schizophrenia. […] Treatment can include a combination of medicine, therapy, and special programs. […] Schizophrenia may increase a child’s risk for suicidal thinking.

• #33 A Review of Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6526799/

  Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a multifactorial etiology. Pediatric schizophrenia consists of early-onset schizophrenia (onset prior to age 18 years) and childhood-onset schizophrenia (onset prior to age 13 years). […] The onset of childhood-onset schizophrenia is often insidious, and children frequently have premorbid social and occupational dysfunction prior to developing overt psychotic symptoms. […] Childhood-onset schizophrenia frequently presents with a prodrome phase prior to the onset of florid psychotic symptoms. This prodrome phase is characterized by functional decline that affects multiple domains of daily living, including academics, social functioning, and self-care. […] Insidious onset of symptoms, onset at a young age, lower intellectual functioning, lower premorbid functioning, and higher rates of negative symptoms are poor prognostic indicators.

• #34 Childhood-onset schizophrenia: what do we really know?

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4345999/

  Childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS) is a rare, chronic mental illness that is diagnosed in children prior to the age of 13. COS is a controversial diagnosis among clinicians and can be very difficult to diagnose for a number of reasons. Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder characterized by hallucinations, delusions, flat affect, limited motivation and anhedonia. The psychotic nature of this disorder is quite disruptive to the child’s emotional regulation, behavioural control and can reduce the child’s ability to perform daily tasks that are crucial to adaptive functioning. […] Prior to the onset of schizophrenia, children often develop premorbid abnormalities, which are disturbances to a child’s functioning that may serve as warning signs. These disturbances can manifest in a variety of behavioural ways and may include introversion, depression, aggression, suicidal ideation and manic-like behaviours.

• #35 Schizophrenia in Children | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions—pediatrics/s/schizophrenia-in-children.html

  Children with schizophrenia have the same symptoms as adults with the condition. But more children hear voices. Children also don’t tend to have delusions or formal thought problems until they are in their teens or older. […] Symptoms can develop slowly over time or start quickly. […] Schizophrenia may increase a child’s risk for suicidal thinking.

• #36 Schizophrenia in Children

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/health-library/schizophrenia-in-children

  Children with schizophrenia have the same symptoms as adults with the condition. But more children hear voices. Children also don’t tend to have delusions or formal thought problems until they are in their teens or older. […] Schizophrenia is a serious, lifelong mental illness. It can be treated but not cured. A child with this disorder has unusual behavior and strange feelings. They may have delusions or hallucinations. […] Symptoms can develop slowly over time or start quickly. […] A mental health expert can diagnose schizophrenia. […] Treatment can include a combination of medicine, therapy, and special programs. […] Schizophrenia may increase a child’s risk for suicidal thinking.

• #37 Schizophrenia in Children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/schizophrenia-children

  Schizophrenia is uncommon in children under the age of 12 and hard to identify in the early phases. […] A sudden onset of the psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia frequently occurs in middle to late adolescence. […] In children with schizophrenia, behavior changes may occur slowly, over time, or have a sudden onset. The child may gradually become more shy and withdrawn. […] One of the most disturbing and puzzling characteristics of schizophrenia is the sudden onset of its psychotic symptoms. […] Early warning signs of schizophrenia in children may include: Distorted perception of reality (difficulty telling dreams from reality), Confused thinking (such as, confusing television with reality), Detailed and bizarre thoughts and ideas, Suspiciousness and/or paranoia (fearfulness that someone, or something, is going to harm them), Hallucinations (seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not real such as hearing voices telling them to do something), Delusions (ideas that seem real but are not based in reality), Extreme moodiness, Severe anxiety and/or fearfulness, Flat affect (lack of emotional expression when speaking), Difficulty in performing schoolwork and/or a decline in previous levels of academic achievement, Social withdrawal (severe problems in making and keeping friends), Disorganized or catatonic behavior (suddenly becoming agitated and confused, or sitting and staring, as if immobilized), Odd behaviors (for example, an older child may regress significantly and begin acting like a younger child). […] The symptoms of schizophrenia in children are similar to adults, however, children, more often (in 80% of diagnosed cases), experience auditory hallucinations and typically do not experience delusions or formal thought disorders until mid-adolescence or older.

• #38 Schizophrenia | Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/s/schizophrenia

  Most people develop symptoms between the ages of 16 and 25 and this can occur suddenly, or there can be early signs of the disorder. […] Schizophrenia is rare in children under 12 and can be very hard to identify in the early phases. […] The following are the most common symptoms of schizophrenia. If a child is at high risk for schizophrenia because of a known family history, you may look for early warning signs of schizophrenia that may include: […] Trouble telling dreams or television from reality […] Confused thinking […] Detailed and bizarre thoughts and ideas […] Fearfulness that someone, or something, is going to harm them or is out to get them […] Hallucinations (seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not real such as hearing voices telling them to do something) […] Delusions (ideas that seem real but are not based in reality)

• #39 Childhood Schizophrenia: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21067-childhood-schizophrenia

  Negative symptoms also include a lack of motivation, especially when they don’t want to socialize or do things they ordinarily enjoy. […] Childhood schizophrenia may cause difficulties throughout your child’s life and can affect: […] There isn’t a cure for schizophrenia. Even when they’re an adult, your child may experience symptoms of schizophrenia. They need continuous treatment to help them live a safe, productive life. […] Your child must have symptoms for more than six months for a healthcare provider to diagnose childhood schizophrenia. […] Every child with schizophrenia is unique, and their symptoms will vary. Childhood schizophrenia symptoms may come on rather quickly. Or they may develop gradually, with your child getting more symptoms that get worse over time. […] The outlook for children with schizophrenia depends on the severity of their symptoms. Many children with schizophrenia have a poor prognosis (outlook). But treatment improves long-term outcomes. […] Children with schizophrenia are at increased risk of suicide, especially among males who also have substance use disorder.

• #40 A Review of Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6526799/

  Individuals experiencing these symptoms, when followed into adulthood and compared with their peers, have been found to have higher unemployment rates and greater social deficits, and they are less likely to live independently. […] The antipsychotics continue to be significantly more effective than placebo in treating childhood-onset schizophrenia in combination with psychotherapy, as evidenced by the recent Recover After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode (RAISE) study. […] It is important to note the medication-specific differences in potential side effects for this population. Children and adolescents are more likely than adults to experience sedation, EPS, elevated prolactin, weight gain, and metabolic changes. […] Given the rarity of this disorder, further study is still needed to better understand causality, improve assessment, and develop a definitive treatment algorithm.

• #41 A Review of Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6526799/

  Individuals experiencing these symptoms, when followed into adulthood and compared with their peers, have been found to have higher unemployment rates and greater social deficits, and they are less likely to live independently. […] The antipsychotics continue to be significantly more effective than placebo in treating childhood-onset schizophrenia in combination with psychotherapy, as evidenced by the recent Recover After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode (RAISE) study. […] It is important to note the medication-specific differences in potential side effects for this population. Children and adolescents are more likely than adults to experience sedation, EPS, elevated prolactin, weight gain, and metabolic changes. […] Given the rarity of this disorder, further study is still needed to better understand causality, improve assessment, and develop a definitive treatment algorithm.

• #42 Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia: Background, Etiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/914840-overview

  The validity of a diagnosis of childhood-onset schizophrenia has been a point of concern for some, due to difficulty in differentiating pediatric patients reports of visual hallucinations from imaginary figures. […] The prognosis for childhood-onset schizophrenia and adolescent-onset schizophrenia is worse than that observed in adult-onset schizophrenia. […] Patients with an onset before adolescence and those with an insidious onset appear to have a worse response to medication and a worse prognosis. […] An increased risk of death from suicide is present in patients with schizophrenia. […] In follow-up studies, more than 50% of children with schizophrenia have persistent severe impairment in social skills and limitations in academic and occupational achievement. […] The duration of untreated psychosis has been a point of study for many as it appears to have implications in prognosis, especially at two years. A longer duration of untreated psychosis along with a more severe clinical picture at first presentation was associated with a poorer two-year course.

• #43 Childhood Schizophrenia: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21067-childhood-schizophrenia

  Negative symptoms also include a lack of motivation, especially when they don’t want to socialize or do things they ordinarily enjoy. […] Childhood schizophrenia may cause difficulties throughout your child’s life and can affect: […] There isn’t a cure for schizophrenia. Even when they’re an adult, your child may experience symptoms of schizophrenia. They need continuous treatment to help them live a safe, productive life. […] Your child must have symptoms for more than six months for a healthcare provider to diagnose childhood schizophrenia. […] Every child with schizophrenia is unique, and their symptoms will vary. Childhood schizophrenia symptoms may come on rather quickly. Or they may develop gradually, with your child getting more symptoms that get worse over time. […] The outlook for children with schizophrenia depends on the severity of their symptoms. Many children with schizophrenia have a poor prognosis (outlook). But treatment improves long-term outcomes. […] Children with schizophrenia are at increased risk of suicide, especially among males who also have substance use disorder.

• #44 Childhood schizophrenia: Symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/192104

  It can be challenging for doctors to diagnose early onset schizophrenia. […] One reason for this difficulty is that the condition is rare. In addition, other conditions may result in similar behaviors and symptoms. […] Doctors will use the same criteria for childhood schizophrenia as for adult schizophrenia. […] Treatment is available for children with schizophrenia. […] Antipsychotic treatments do not cure schizophrenia. The person will need to take medication throughout their life to manage the symptoms and prevent psychosis. […] Schizophrenia is a lifelong condition. It is not possible to cure or prevent it, but treatment can help manage it.

• #45 A Review of Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6526799/

  Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a multifactorial etiology. Pediatric schizophrenia consists of early-onset schizophrenia (onset prior to age 18 years) and childhood-onset schizophrenia (onset prior to age 13 years). […] The onset of childhood-onset schizophrenia is often insidious, and children frequently have premorbid social and occupational dysfunction prior to developing overt psychotic symptoms. […] Childhood-onset schizophrenia frequently presents with a prodrome phase prior to the onset of florid psychotic symptoms. This prodrome phase is characterized by functional decline that affects multiple domains of daily living, including academics, social functioning, and self-care. […] Insidious onset of symptoms, onset at a young age, lower intellectual functioning, lower premorbid functioning, and higher rates of negative symptoms are poor prognostic indicators.

• #46 Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia: Background, Etiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/914840-overview

  The validity of a diagnosis of childhood-onset schizophrenia has been a point of concern for some, due to difficulty in differentiating pediatric patients reports of visual hallucinations from imaginary figures. […] The prognosis for childhood-onset schizophrenia and adolescent-onset schizophrenia is worse than that observed in adult-onset schizophrenia. […] Patients with an onset before adolescence and those with an insidious onset appear to have a worse response to medication and a worse prognosis. […] An increased risk of death from suicide is present in patients with schizophrenia. […] In follow-up studies, more than 50% of children with schizophrenia have persistent severe impairment in social skills and limitations in academic and occupational achievement. […] The duration of untreated psychosis has been a point of study for many as it appears to have implications in prognosis, especially at two years. A longer duration of untreated psychosis along with a more severe clinical picture at first presentation was associated with a poorer two-year course.

• #47 Childhood Schizophrenia: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21067-childhood-schizophrenia

  Negative symptoms also include a lack of motivation, especially when they don’t want to socialize or do things they ordinarily enjoy. […] Childhood schizophrenia may cause difficulties throughout your child’s life and can affect: […] There isn’t a cure for schizophrenia. Even when they’re an adult, your child may experience symptoms of schizophrenia. They need continuous treatment to help them live a safe, productive life. […] Your child must have symptoms for more than six months for a healthcare provider to diagnose childhood schizophrenia. […] Every child with schizophrenia is unique, and their symptoms will vary. Childhood schizophrenia symptoms may come on rather quickly. Or they may develop gradually, with your child getting more symptoms that get worse over time. […] The outlook for children with schizophrenia depends on the severity of their symptoms. Many children with schizophrenia have a poor prognosis (outlook). But treatment improves long-term outcomes. […] Children with schizophrenia are at increased risk of suicide, especially among males who also have substance use disorder.

• #48 Schizophrenia in Children

  https://www.verywellmind.com/identifying-schizophrenia-in-children-4155780

  Many of the symptoms of schizophrenia in children are also found in other disorders, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD), mood disorders with psychotic features, or obsessive-compulsive disorder. […] Childhood-onset schizophrenia is associated with low intellectual functioning and higher rates of negative symptoms across the lifespan. […] Adolescents are at a higher risk of suicidal behavior during their first episode of psychosis. At least 5% of people who exhibited symptoms of schizophrenia before age 18 die by suicide or accidental death directly related to behaviors caused by their psychotic thinking. […] Early intervention is key to improving the outcome for children with schizophrenia.

• #49 Childhood schizophrenia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/childhood-schizophrenia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354483

  Early identification and treatment may help get symptoms of childhood schizophrenia under control before serious complications develop. Early treatment is also crucial in helping limit psychotic episodes, which can be extremely frightening to a child and his or her parents. Ongoing treatment can help improve your child’s long-term outlook.

• #50 Childhood schizophrenia – Hancock Health

  https://www.hancockhealth.org/mayo-health-library/childhood-schizophrenia/

  Compared with schizophrenia symptoms in adults, children and teens may be: Less likely to have delusions […] More likely to have visual hallucinations. […] When childhood schizophrenia begins early in life, symptoms may build up gradually. Early signs and symptoms may be so vague that you can’t recognize what’s wrong. […] As time goes on, signs may become more severe and more noticeable. Eventually, your child may develop the symptoms of psychosis, including hallucinations, delusions and difficulty organizing thoughts. […] Early identification and treatment may help get symptoms of childhood schizophrenia under control before serious complications develop. […] Diagnosis of childhood schizophrenia involves ruling out other mental health disorders and determining that symptoms aren’t due to alcohol or drug use, medication or a medical condition.

• #51 Childhood schizophrenia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/childhood-schizophrenia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354483

  Early identification and treatment may help get symptoms of childhood schizophrenia under control before serious complications develop. Early treatment is also crucial in helping limit psychotic episodes, which can be extremely frightening to a child and his or her parents. Ongoing treatment can help improve your child’s long-term outlook.

• #52

  https://www.kuh.ku.edu.tr/mayo-clinic-care-network/mayo-clinic-health-information-library/diseases-conditions/childhood-schizophrenia

  During crisis periods or times of severe symptoms, hospitalization may be necessary. This can help ensure your child’s safety and make sure that he or she is getting proper nutrition, sleep and hygiene. […] Early identification and treatment may help get symptoms of childhood schizophrenia under control before serious complications develop.

• #53 Schizophrenia | Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/s/schizophrenia

  Extreme mood swings […] Anxious or fearful when there is no danger […] Flat affect (no emotional expression when speaking) […] Trouble with schoolwork […] Social withdrawal (severe problems in making and keeping friends) […] Disorganized or catatonic behavior (suddenly becoming agitated and confused, or sitting and staring, as if immobilized) […] Odd behaviors (an older child may begin acting like a younger child) […] Poor personal hygiene (suddenly stops showering or caring about being clean). […] Children with schizophrenia behave differently from adults with schizophrenia and do not usually experience delusions or show cognitive symptoms until the late teen years. […] Treatment is most successful when symptoms of the first psychotic episode are addressed quickly and properly. Studies suggest that early treatment may keep the illness from getting worse and help reduce some of the long-term effects of schizophrenia.

• #54 Schizophrenia | NAMI

  https://www.nami.org/about-mental-illness/mental-health-conditions/schizophrenia/

  With medication, psychosocial rehabilitation, and family support, the symptoms of schizophrenia can be reduced. People with schizophrenia should get treatment as soon as the illness starts showing, because early detection can reduce the severity of their symptoms. […] Recovery while living with schizophrenia is often seen over time, and involves a variety of factors including self-learning, peer support, school and work and finding the right supports and treatment.

• #55 Childhood schizophrenia | Altru Health System

  https://www.altru.org/health-library/conditions/childhood-schizophrenia

  Childhood schizophrenia is an uncommon but severe mental disorder in which children and teenagers interpret reality abnormally. Schizophrenia involves a range of problems with thinking (cognitive), behavior or emotions. It may result in some combination of hallucinations, delusions, and extremely disordered thinking and behavior that impairs your child’s ability to function. […] Childhood schizophrenia is essentially the same as schizophrenia in adults, but it starts early in life generally in the teenage years and has a profound impact on a child’s behavior and development. With childhood schizophrenia, the early age of onset presents special challenges for diagnosis, treatment, education, and emotional and social development. […] Schizophrenia is a chronic condition that requires lifelong treatment. Identifying and starting treatment for childhood schizophrenia as early as possible may significantly improve your child’s long-term outcome.

• #56 Schizophrenia in Children: Symptoms, Causes, Treatments | HealthyPlace

  https://cf.healthyplace.com/thought-disorders/schizophrenia-children/schizophrenia-in-children-symptoms-causes-treatments

  Treatment options for children with schizophrenia have improved considerably in recent years. […] A combination of medications, individual and family therapy, and specialized school programs result in better recovery outcomes for children and adolescents. […] Since no cure exists for schizophrenia in children, treatment strategies focus on reducing symptom intensity and frequency.

• #57 Pediatric Schizophrenia – Conditions and Treatments | Children’s National Hospital

  https://www.childrensnational.org/get-care/health-library/schizophrenia

  Schizophrenia is a serious, life-long mental illness. Treatment is complex and needs direction from an expert in childhood schizophrenia, such as a board certified child psychiatrist. A child often needs a combination of therapies and resources to meet the specific needs. Treatment is aimed at easing symptoms and improving your child’s quality of life. […] Treatment will depend on your child’s symptoms, age and general health. It will also depend on how severe the condition is. […] Schizophrenia may increase a child’s risk for suicidal thinking.

• #58

• #59 Pediatric Schizophrenia – Conditions and Treatments | Children’s National Hospital

  https://www.childrensnational.org/get-care/health-library/schizophrenia

  Schizophrenia is a serious, life-long mental illness. Treatment is complex and needs direction from an expert in childhood schizophrenia, such as a board certified child psychiatrist. A child often needs a combination of therapies and resources to meet the specific needs. Treatment is aimed at easing symptoms and improving your child’s quality of life. […] Treatment will depend on your child’s symptoms, age and general health. It will also depend on how severe the condition is. […] Schizophrenia may increase a child’s risk for suicidal thinking.

• #60 Content – Health Encyclopedia – University of Rochester Medical Center

  https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=90&contentid=P02581

  Children with schizophrenia have the same symptoms as adults with the condition. But more children hear voices. Children also don’t tend to have delusions or formal thought problems until they are in their teens or older. […] Schizophrenia may increase a child’s risk for suicidal thinking. […] Schizophrenia is a serious, lifelong mental illness. It can be treated but not cured. A child with this disorder has unusual behavior and strange feelings. They may have delusions or hallucinations. Symptoms can develop slowly over time or start quickly. A mental health expert can diagnose schizophrenia. Ask for a referral to a psychiatrist with experience evaluating and treating children with schizophrenia. Treatment can include a combination of medicine, therapy, and special programs.

• #61 Childhood Schizophrenia: Symptoms, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.webmd.com/schizophrenia/childhood-schizophrenia

  Experts divide symptoms of childhood schizophrenia into three categories: positive, negative, and cognitive. Positive symptoms are psychotic, which means theres a break with reality. These include unusual movements, unusual thoughts, and hallucinations. […] Negative symptoms involve behavior and emotion. They include isolation, not speaking much or at all, and showing little or no emotion. […] Cognitive symptoms show differences in how a child thinks or remembers, such as trouble focusing or understanding something. […] When childhood schizophrenia is diagnosed and treated early, your child may be able to manage it as they grow into an adult. Health professionals will keep tabs on their condition and treatments for life. Although theres no cure for this disorder, people who have schizophrenia can succeed at school, at work, and in their social lives.

• #62 What Are the Signs of Schizophrenia in Children?

  https://www.healthline.com/health/schizophrenia/signs-of-schizophrenia-in-children

  Treatment options may include medications, education, psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), cognitive remediation therapy, life skills training, nutrition, and hospitalization. […] Over time, treatments can change as symptoms stabilize and the needs of your child change. […] Schizophrenia is a lifelong condition with symptoms that can be severe at times. […] Better outcomes are usually associated with early diagnosis and treatment. […] Your child may have hallucinations, delusions, fears that seem extreme, unusual speaking or movement habits, and changes in social relationships and academic performance. […] Early diagnosis and treatment are key. Even so, schizophrenia will be part of your childs life throughout the teen and adult years. Schizophrenia is a serious condition. To manage the symptoms and work toward the best outcomes, you and your child will need to find sources of caring support.

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