Przewlekła stwardniająca cholangitis
Zapobieganie i profilaktyka

Przewlekła stwardniająca cholangitis (PSC) to przewlekła choroba wątroby charakteryzująca się postępującym włóknieniem i zapaleniem dróg żółciowych, prowadząca do ich uszkodzenia. Etiologia pozostaje nieznana, choć podejrzewa się udział czynników infekcyjnych u osób genetycznie predysponowanych. PSC często współwystępuje z nieswoistymi chorobami zapalnymi jelit, zwłaszcza wrzodziejącym zapaleniem jelita grubego. Profilaktyka opiera się na modyfikacji stylu życia: unikanie alkoholu i palenia tytoniu, utrzymanie prawidłowej masy ciała, zdrowa dieta, regularna aktywność fizyczna oraz szczepienia przeciwko WZW typu A i B. Konieczna jest ostrożność w stosowaniu leków i suplementów ze względu na ryzyko dodatkowego uszkodzenia wątroby. Leczenie farmakologiczne nie zatrzymuje progresji choroby, a jedyną opcją przedłużającą życie w zaawansowanym stadium jest przeszczepienie wątroby.

Profilaktyka Przewlekłej Stwardniającej Cholangitis

Przewlekła stwardniająca cholangitis (Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis, PSC) to przewlekła choroba wątroby charakteryzująca się postępującym włóknieniem i zapaleniem wewnątrz- i/lub zewnątrzwątrobowych dróg żółciowych, prowadząca do ich stopniowego uszkodzenia. Ze względu na to, że etiologia PSC pozostaje nieznana, nie istnieją obecnie skuteczne metody zapobiegania rozwojowi tej choroby.123

Obecne dowody naukowe sugerują, że choroba może być wywołana przez nieznane bakterie lub wirusy u osób genetycznie predysponowanych do jej wystąpienia. Częste współwystępowanie PSC z nieswoistymi chorobami zapalnymi jelit (zwłaszcza wrzodziejącym zapaleniem jelita grubego) sugeruje, że dla obu chorób może istnieć wspólna przyczyna, lub że zapalnie zmienione jelito grube pozwala na wchłanianie toksyn lub czynników infekcyjnych, co może powodować zapalenie dróg żółciowych.4

Rola modyfikacji stylu życia

Mimo braku możliwości całkowitego zapobiegania PSC, wprowadzenie odpowiednich zmian w stylu życia może pomóc w zarządzaniu chorobą, zmniejszeniu nasilenia objawów oraz zapobieganiu powikłaniom. Do zalecanych modyfikacji należą:56

  • Unikanie alkoholu – alkohol stanowi czynnik ryzyka rozwoju raka dróg żółciowych (cholangiocarcinoma), a także może dodatkowo uszkadzać wątrobę789
  • Zaprzestanie palenia tytoniu – palenie zostało powiązane ze zwiększonym ryzykiem rozwoju raka dróg żółciowych1011
  • Utrzymanie prawidłowej masy ciała – pomaga w zachowaniu funkcji wątroby1213
  • Zdrowa dieta – bogata w owoce, warzywa i pełne ziarna14
  • Regularna aktywność fizyczna – pomaga zmniejszyć objawy i powikłania15
  • Ostrożność w stosowaniu substancji chemicznych w domu i pracy16

Szczepienia ochronne

Ważnym elementem profilaktyki u pacjentów z PSC jest szczepienie przeciwko wirusowemu zapaleniu wątroby typu A i B. Infekcje wirusowe mogą prowadzić do dodatkowego uszkodzenia wątroby u pacjentów z PSC, dlatego szczepienia te są szczególnie zalecane.1718

Opieka nad wątrobą i monitorowanie leczeń

Pacjenci z PSC powinni zachować szczególną ostrożność przy stosowaniu leków, zarówno tych na receptę, jak i dostępnych bez recepty. Konieczne jest informowanie farmaceuty oraz każdego lekarza przepisującego leki o chorobie wątroby. Ponadto, należy skonsultować z lekarzem stosowanie ziół lub suplementów, ponieważ niektóre z nich mogą być szkodliwe dla wątroby.19

Farmakologiczna profilaktyka powikłań

Mimo lat badań, nie istnieją obecnie leki, które byłyby w stanie zatrzymać progresję PSC. Wiele leków zostało ocenionych jako nieskuteczne w powstrzymywaniu postępu choroby. Jedynym leczeniem przedłużającym życie u pacjentów z zaawansowaną chorobą pozostaje przeszczepienie wątroby.20

Potencjalne leki w profilaktyce powikłań

Ze względu na rzadkość występowania PSC oraz trudności w zgromadzeniu wystarczającej liczby pacjentów do badań klinicznych, dane dotyczące zapobiegania powikłaniom, w tym nowotworom, są ograniczone. Obecnie nie ma rutynowo zalecanych środków farmakologicznych do zapobiegania nowotworom u pacjentów z PSC.2122

Wśród badanych substancji wymienia się:

  • Kwas ursodeoksycholowy (UDCA) – poprawia parametry biochemiczne wątroby i jest zwykle dobrze tolerowany, jednak nie wykazano dotychczas jednoznacznych korzyści klinicznych. Stosowanie wysokich dawek UDCA (28-30 mg/kg/dobę) wiązało się ze zwiększonym ryzykiem działań niepożądanych. Przegląd Cochrane wykazał niewystarczające dowody na poparcie lub odrzucenie stosowania kwasów żółciowych w leczeniu PSC.23 Dane dotyczące właściwości chemoprewencyjnych UDCA są niejednoznaczne – niektóre badania wykazały, że stosowanie UDCA u pacjentów z PSC i nieswoistymi chorobami zapalnymi jelit zmniejsza ryzyko rozwoju dysplazji okrężnicy lub raka jelita grubego, podczas gdy inne badania wykazały zwiększone ryzyko raka jelita grubego u tych pacjentów.24 Obecny konsensus zaleca unikanie wysokich dawek UDCA, a dla dawek średnich lub niskich potrzebne są dodatkowe badania, aby potwierdzić potencjalne właściwości chemoprewencyjne.25 Amerykańskie Towarzystwo Badań Chorób Wątroby (AASLD) oraz Amerykańskie Kolegium Gastroenterologów (ACG) zdecydowanie odradzają rutynowe stosowanie UDCA jako chemoprewencji raka jelita grubego u pacjentów z PSC i nieswoistymi chorobami zapalnymi jelit.26
  • Kurkumina – ekstrakt z kłącza kurkumy (Curcuma longa), wykazuje działanie przeciwzapalne, przeciwzwłóknieniowe i przeciwnowotworowe, choć efekty te były mniej badane w konkretnym kontekście PSC. Ze względu na potencjalne korzystne działanie w zaburzeniach zapalnych i nowotworowych, może zasługiwać na dalsze badania jako środek chemoprewencyjny.27
  • Wankomycyna doustna – pozostaje obszarem aktywnych i obiecujących badań w PSC.28
  • Statyny (inhibitory HMGCR) – najnowsze badania wykorzystujące randomizację mendeliańską potwierdziły związek przyczynowy między HMGCR (reduktazą 3-hydroksy-3-metylo-glutarylo-koenzymu A) a ryzykiem PSC, sugerując, że statyny ukierunkowane na HMGCR mogą poprawiać rokowanie pacjentów z PSC. Wyniki badań wskazują, że hamowanie HMGCR może poprawić rokowanie w PSC, dostarczając solidnych dowodów wspierających terapeutyczne zastosowanie statyn w leczeniu PSC.29

Profilaktyka wtórna i nadzór onkologiczny

PSC wiąże się ze znacznie zwiększonym ryzykiem rozwoju nowotworów w porównaniu z populacją ogólną, głównie raka dróg żółciowych (cholangiocarcinoma), raka pęcherzyka żółciowego, raka wątrobowokomórkowego i raka jelita grubego. Prawie 50% zgonów u pacjentów z PSC jest spowodowanych chorobą nowotworową.30

Wczesna interwencja medyczna pomaga zapobiegać rozwojowi poważniejszych powikłań, takich jak częste infekcje, nadciśnienie wrotne, osteoporoza, niewydolność wątroby i nowotwory. U pacjentów z czynnikami ryzyka występuje zwiększona potrzeba oceny w celu spowolnienia przebiegu choroby i zapobiegania rozwojowi ciężkich powikłań wątrobowych.31

Czynniki predykcyjne rozwoju nowotworów w PSC pozostają w dużej mierze niejasne, środki zapobiegawcze są w większości nieudowodnione, jeśli nie nieistniejące, a wiele kwestii dotyczących zapobiegania i nadzoru nad rakiem w PSC pozostaje nieznanych.32

Udział w badaniach klinicznych

Uczestnictwo w badaniach klinicznych jest ważnym sposobem przyczynienia się do leczenia, zapobiegania i leczenia chorób wątroby i ich powikłań. Naukowcy kontynuują badania nad chorobą, aby znaleźć jej przyczynę i zrozumieć jej rozwój.33

W przyszłości możliwe będzie podjęcie działań profilaktycznych, jeśli naukowcom uda się rozszyfrować genetyczne podłoże tej choroby.34

Leczenie jako forma profilaktyki powikłań

Chociaż nie istnieje lekarstwo na PSC, dostępne są różne metody leczenia, które mogą spowolnić postęp choroby, złagodzić objawy i zapobiec powikłaniom.35 Jednak z czasem wielu pacjentów z PSC będzie nadal cierpieć z powodu stopniowej utraty funkcji wątroby. Jeśli niewydolność wątroby stanie się poważna, konieczny może być przeszczep wątroby, który jest jedynym leczeniem przedłużającym życie u pacjentów z zaawansowaną chorobą.3637

Przeglądy systematyczne nie wykazały dowodów na korzyści ze stosowania zarówno kortykosteroidów, jak i penicylaminy w leczeniu PSC.38

Warto zaznaczyć, że PSC występuje tylko u około 3% pacjentów z nieswoistymi chorobami zapalnymi jelit. Niemniej jednak, u pacjentów z tymi schorzeniami (zwłaszcza wrzodziejącym zapaleniem jelita grubego) i ich lekarzy prowadzących zaleca się świadomość związku z PSC, na wypadek pojawienia się objawów sugerujących tę chorobę.39

Kolejne rozdziały

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Wybierz kolejny rozdział z menu poniżej, aby otworzyć nową podstronę kompedium wiedzy i uzyskać szczegółowe informację o leku, substancji lub chorobie.

  1. 12.04.2026
  2. www.leksykon.com.pl

Materiały źródłowe

  • #1 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) – British Liver Trust
    https://britishlivertrust.org.uk/information-and-support/liver-conditions/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis/
    It is not possible to prevent PSC because the cause remains unknown. […] Current evidence suggests that the disease may be triggered by an unknown bacteria or virus in people who are genetically programmed to get the disease. […] The frequent occurrence of PSC in association with inflammatory bowel disease suggests that a common cause for both diseases may exist or that the inflamed colon allows toxins or infections to be absorbed into the body and this can cause the bile duct inflammation.
  • #2 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Symptoms, Treatment & Prognosis
    https://www.medicinenet.com/primary_sclerosing_cholangitis_psc/article.htm
    Is it possible to prevent primary sclerosing cholangitis? […] The specific cause of PSC is still unknown and therefore it seems not to be preventable. […] It is appropriate for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (especially ulcerative colitis) and their health care professional to be aware of the relationship with primary sclerosing cholangitis, in case symptoms suggestive of the disease arise. […] However, PSC is seen in only 3% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
  • #3 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) | UPMC | Pittsburgh PA
    https://www.upmc.com/services/digestive-disorders-center/services/liver-diseases/conditions/autoimmune-liver-diseases/psc
    Doctors can’t currently prevent someone from getting PSC. […] This might change in the future if they can decode the genetics of this disease.
  • #4 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) – British Liver Trust
    https://britishlivertrust.org.uk/information-and-support/liver-conditions/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis/
    It is not possible to prevent PSC because the cause remains unknown. […] Current evidence suggests that the disease may be triggered by an unknown bacteria or virus in people who are genetically programmed to get the disease. […] The frequent occurrence of PSC in association with inflammatory bowel disease suggests that a common cause for both diseases may exist or that the inflamed colon allows toxins or infections to be absorbed into the body and this can cause the bile duct inflammation.
  • #5 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC)
    https://liverfoundation.org/liver-diseases/autoimmune-liver-diseases/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis-psc/
    Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic, or long-term, disease that slowly damages the bile ducts. […] Lifestyle changes can help manage Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. Avoiding alcohol, quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, eating a healthy diet that includes fruits, vegetables and whole grains and getting vaccinated against hepatitis A and hepatitis B may help preserve liver function. […] There is no cure or specific treatment for PSC. […] Over time, many PSC patients will continue to suffer a gradual loss of liver function. If liver failure becomes severe, a liver transplant may be necessary. […] Scientists are continuing to study the disease to find the cause and understand its development. […] Participating in a clinical trial is a great way to contribute to curing, preventing and treating liver disease and its complications.
  • #6 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis | Conditions and Treatments | Center for Liver Disease & Transplantation | Columbia University Department of Surgery
    https://columbiasurgery.org/conditions-and-treatments/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis
    While there is no cure, various treatments are available that can slow the progression of the disease, relieve symptoms, and prevent complications. […] Making healthy lifestyle changes can also help reduce symptoms and complications. These include regularly exercising, following a healthy diet, and reducing alcohol consumption.
  • #7 Primary sclerosing cholangitis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355802
    If you’ve been diagnosed with primary sclerosing cholangitis, take steps to care for your liver, such as: […] Don’t drink alcohol. […] Get vaccinated against hepatitis A and B. […] Use care with chemicals at home and at work. […] Maintain a healthy weight. […] Follow directions on all medications, both prescription and over-the-counter. Make sure your pharmacist and any doctor prescribing for you know that you have a liver disease. […] Talk to your doctor about any herbs or supplements you’re taking since some can be harmful to your liver.
  • #8 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (Causes, Symptoms and Treatment)
    https://patient.info/doctor/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis-pro
    Despite years of research, medical treatments are only at best able to help manage primary sclerosing cholangitis symptoms. Many drugs have been evaluated and found to be ineffective at halting progression of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Liver transplantation remains the only life-prolonging treatment for patients with end-stage disease. […] Systematic reviews have found no evidence of any benefit with either corticosteroids or penicillamine. […] Ursodeoxycholic acid: This gives a significant improvement in liver biochemistry and is usually well tolerated. However, it has not so far been shown to give any clinical benefit and high-dose ursodeoxycholic acid (28-30 mg/kg/day) has been shown to increase the adverse events rate. A Cochrane review concluded that there is insufficient evidence either to support or refute the use of bile acids in the treatment of PSC. […] Avoid alcohol, which is a risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma development.
  • #9 Cancer risk in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Epidemiology, prevention, and surveillance strategies
    https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v25/i6/659.htm
    The use of oral vancomycin in PSC remains an area of active and exciting research. […] In addition to pharmacological agents, prevention can involve minimizing modifiable risk factors for hepatobiliary malignancies. Several studies have found smoking and alcohol consumption to be associated with an increased risk of CCA. However, there have not been any published studies evaluating whether cessation of smoking or alcohol consumption can reduce the risk of hepatobiliary malignancies or survival in patients with PSC.
  • #10 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC)
    https://liverfoundation.org/liver-diseases/autoimmune-liver-diseases/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis-psc/
    Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic, or long-term, disease that slowly damages the bile ducts. […] Lifestyle changes can help manage Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. Avoiding alcohol, quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, eating a healthy diet that includes fruits, vegetables and whole grains and getting vaccinated against hepatitis A and hepatitis B may help preserve liver function. […] There is no cure or specific treatment for PSC. […] Over time, many PSC patients will continue to suffer a gradual loss of liver function. If liver failure becomes severe, a liver transplant may be necessary. […] Scientists are continuing to study the disease to find the cause and understand its development. […] Participating in a clinical trial is a great way to contribute to curing, preventing and treating liver disease and its complications.
  • #11 Cancer risk in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Epidemiology, prevention, and surveillance strategies
    https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v25/i6/659.htm
    The use of oral vancomycin in PSC remains an area of active and exciting research. […] In addition to pharmacological agents, prevention can involve minimizing modifiable risk factors for hepatobiliary malignancies. Several studies have found smoking and alcohol consumption to be associated with an increased risk of CCA. However, there have not been any published studies evaluating whether cessation of smoking or alcohol consumption can reduce the risk of hepatobiliary malignancies or survival in patients with PSC.
  • #12 Primary sclerosing cholangitis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355802
    If you’ve been diagnosed with primary sclerosing cholangitis, take steps to care for your liver, such as: […] Don’t drink alcohol. […] Get vaccinated against hepatitis A and B. […] Use care with chemicals at home and at work. […] Maintain a healthy weight. […] Follow directions on all medications, both prescription and over-the-counter. Make sure your pharmacist and any doctor prescribing for you know that you have a liver disease. […] Talk to your doctor about any herbs or supplements you’re taking since some can be harmful to your liver.
  • #13 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC)
    https://liverfoundation.org/liver-diseases/autoimmune-liver-diseases/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis-psc/
    Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic, or long-term, disease that slowly damages the bile ducts. […] Lifestyle changes can help manage Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. Avoiding alcohol, quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, eating a healthy diet that includes fruits, vegetables and whole grains and getting vaccinated against hepatitis A and hepatitis B may help preserve liver function. […] There is no cure or specific treatment for PSC. […] Over time, many PSC patients will continue to suffer a gradual loss of liver function. If liver failure becomes severe, a liver transplant may be necessary. […] Scientists are continuing to study the disease to find the cause and understand its development. […] Participating in a clinical trial is a great way to contribute to curing, preventing and treating liver disease and its complications.
  • #14 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC)
    https://liverfoundation.org/liver-diseases/autoimmune-liver-diseases/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis-psc/
    Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic, or long-term, disease that slowly damages the bile ducts. […] Lifestyle changes can help manage Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. Avoiding alcohol, quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, eating a healthy diet that includes fruits, vegetables and whole grains and getting vaccinated against hepatitis A and hepatitis B may help preserve liver function. […] There is no cure or specific treatment for PSC. […] Over time, many PSC patients will continue to suffer a gradual loss of liver function. If liver failure becomes severe, a liver transplant may be necessary. […] Scientists are continuing to study the disease to find the cause and understand its development. […] Participating in a clinical trial is a great way to contribute to curing, preventing and treating liver disease and its complications.
  • #15 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis | Conditions and Treatments | Center for Liver Disease & Transplantation | Columbia University Department of Surgery
    https://columbiasurgery.org/conditions-and-treatments/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis
    While there is no cure, various treatments are available that can slow the progression of the disease, relieve symptoms, and prevent complications. […] Making healthy lifestyle changes can also help reduce symptoms and complications. These include regularly exercising, following a healthy diet, and reducing alcohol consumption.
  • #16 Primary sclerosing cholangitis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355802
    If you’ve been diagnosed with primary sclerosing cholangitis, take steps to care for your liver, such as: […] Don’t drink alcohol. […] Get vaccinated against hepatitis A and B. […] Use care with chemicals at home and at work. […] Maintain a healthy weight. […] Follow directions on all medications, both prescription and over-the-counter. Make sure your pharmacist and any doctor prescribing for you know that you have a liver disease. […] Talk to your doctor about any herbs or supplements you’re taking since some can be harmful to your liver.
  • #17 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC)
    https://liverfoundation.org/liver-diseases/autoimmune-liver-diseases/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis-psc/
    Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic, or long-term, disease that slowly damages the bile ducts. […] Lifestyle changes can help manage Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. Avoiding alcohol, quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, eating a healthy diet that includes fruits, vegetables and whole grains and getting vaccinated against hepatitis A and hepatitis B may help preserve liver function. […] There is no cure or specific treatment for PSC. […] Over time, many PSC patients will continue to suffer a gradual loss of liver function. If liver failure becomes severe, a liver transplant may be necessary. […] Scientists are continuing to study the disease to find the cause and understand its development. […] Participating in a clinical trial is a great way to contribute to curing, preventing and treating liver disease and its complications.
  • #18 Primary sclerosing cholangitis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355802
    If you’ve been diagnosed with primary sclerosing cholangitis, take steps to care for your liver, such as: […] Don’t drink alcohol. […] Get vaccinated against hepatitis A and B. […] Use care with chemicals at home and at work. […] Maintain a healthy weight. […] Follow directions on all medications, both prescription and over-the-counter. Make sure your pharmacist and any doctor prescribing for you know that you have a liver disease. […] Talk to your doctor about any herbs or supplements you’re taking since some can be harmful to your liver.
  • #19 Primary sclerosing cholangitis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355802
    If you’ve been diagnosed with primary sclerosing cholangitis, take steps to care for your liver, such as: […] Don’t drink alcohol. […] Get vaccinated against hepatitis A and B. […] Use care with chemicals at home and at work. […] Maintain a healthy weight. […] Follow directions on all medications, both prescription and over-the-counter. Make sure your pharmacist and any doctor prescribing for you know that you have a liver disease. […] Talk to your doctor about any herbs or supplements you’re taking since some can be harmful to your liver.
  • #20 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (Causes, Symptoms and Treatment)
    https://patient.info/doctor/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis-pro
    Despite years of research, medical treatments are only at best able to help manage primary sclerosing cholangitis symptoms. Many drugs have been evaluated and found to be ineffective at halting progression of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Liver transplantation remains the only life-prolonging treatment for patients with end-stage disease. […] Systematic reviews have found no evidence of any benefit with either corticosteroids or penicillamine. […] Ursodeoxycholic acid: This gives a significant improvement in liver biochemistry and is usually well tolerated. However, it has not so far been shown to give any clinical benefit and high-dose ursodeoxycholic acid (28-30 mg/kg/day) has been shown to increase the adverse events rate. A Cochrane review concluded that there is insufficient evidence either to support or refute the use of bile acids in the treatment of PSC. […] Avoid alcohol, which is a risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma development.
  • #21 Cancer risk in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Epidemiology, prevention, and surveillance strategies
    https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v25/i6/659.htm
    Predictors of cancer in PSC are still largely unclear, preventive measures are for the most part unproven if not non-existent, and much is still unknown regarding prevention and surveillance of cancer in PSC. […] Data regarding the prevention of cancer in PSC are scarce, largely due to the rarity of PSC and difficulty in amassing sufficient patient-years to power chemopreventive studies. There are currently no pharmacological agents that are routinely recommended for cancer prevention in patients with PSC. […] However, there are several pharmacological agents that may have potential benefit, thus necessitating further investigation. […] The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) both strongly recommend against the routine use of UDCA as chemoprevention for CRC in patients with PSC-IBD.
  • #22 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis, Part 2: Cancer Risk, Prevention, and Surveillance – Gastroenterology & Hepatology
    https://www.gastroenterologyandhepatology.net/archives/july-2018/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis-part-2-cancer-risk-prevention-and-surveillance/
    Due to the rarity of PSC combined with the barriers to amassing sufficient patient-years to adequately power studies regarding cancer prevention (ie, chemopreventive studies), there is a dearth of data regarding the putative role of any particular pharmacologic agent in preventing cancer in patients with PSC. Currently, there are no pharmacologic agents that have been rigorously shown to prevent cancer development in patients with PSC. Agents such as ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and curcumin, among others, have been studied to varying degrees as potential chemopreventive agents, with variable findings. […] The use of UDCA remains a subject of debate and uncertainty, as some studies have shown that the use of UDCA in patients with PSC-IBD reduces the risk of colonic dysplasia or colorectal carcinoma development, whereas other studies have shown an increased risk of colorectal carcinoma in patients with PSC-IBD using UDCA.
  • #23 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (Causes, Symptoms and Treatment)
    https://patient.info/doctor/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis-pro
    Despite years of research, medical treatments are only at best able to help manage primary sclerosing cholangitis symptoms. Many drugs have been evaluated and found to be ineffective at halting progression of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Liver transplantation remains the only life-prolonging treatment for patients with end-stage disease. […] Systematic reviews have found no evidence of any benefit with either corticosteroids or penicillamine. […] Ursodeoxycholic acid: This gives a significant improvement in liver biochemistry and is usually well tolerated. However, it has not so far been shown to give any clinical benefit and high-dose ursodeoxycholic acid (28-30 mg/kg/day) has been shown to increase the adverse events rate. A Cochrane review concluded that there is insufficient evidence either to support or refute the use of bile acids in the treatment of PSC. […] Avoid alcohol, which is a risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma development.
  • #24 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis, Part 2: Cancer Risk, Prevention, and Surveillance – Gastroenterology & Hepatology
    https://www.gastroenterologyandhepatology.net/archives/july-2018/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis-part-2-cancer-risk-prevention-and-surveillance/
    Due to the rarity of PSC combined with the barriers to amassing sufficient patient-years to adequately power studies regarding cancer prevention (ie, chemopreventive studies), there is a dearth of data regarding the putative role of any particular pharmacologic agent in preventing cancer in patients with PSC. Currently, there are no pharmacologic agents that have been rigorously shown to prevent cancer development in patients with PSC. Agents such as ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and curcumin, among others, have been studied to varying degrees as potential chemopreventive agents, with variable findings. […] The use of UDCA remains a subject of debate and uncertainty, as some studies have shown that the use of UDCA in patients with PSC-IBD reduces the risk of colonic dysplasia or colorectal carcinoma development, whereas other studies have shown an increased risk of colorectal carcinoma in patients with PSC-IBD using UDCA.
  • #25 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis, Part 2: Cancer Risk, Prevention, and Surveillance – Gastroenterology & Hepatology
    https://www.gastroenterologyandhepatology.net/archives/july-2018/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis-part-2-cancer-risk-prevention-and-surveillance/
    Thus, the available data to date suggest that there is potential harm, or at least no benefit, with high-dose UDCA, whereas intermediate- (or low-) dose UDCA may have some chemopreventive impact in a subset of patients with PSC. Therefore, the consensus at this time is that high-dose UDCA should be avoided, and that for intermediate- or low-dose UDCA, additional studies are needed to validate its putative chemopreventive properties in patients with PSC-IBD before it can be routinely recommended for this indication, although it may ostensibly be considered in select patients (eg, patients with a strong family history of colon cancer). […] Curcumin, a phytoextract from the turmeric (Curcuma longa) rhizome, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and antineoplastic effects, although these effects have been less studied in the specific context of PSC. Given the pleiotropic and multiple potentially beneficial effects of curcumin in both inflammatory and neoplastic disorders, it may merit further investigation as a chemopreventive agent and is currently under phase 1 and 2 study for treatment of PSC.
  • #26 Cancer risk in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Epidemiology, prevention, and surveillance strategies
    https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v25/i6/659.htm
    Predictors of cancer in PSC are still largely unclear, preventive measures are for the most part unproven if not non-existent, and much is still unknown regarding prevention and surveillance of cancer in PSC. […] Data regarding the prevention of cancer in PSC are scarce, largely due to the rarity of PSC and difficulty in amassing sufficient patient-years to power chemopreventive studies. There are currently no pharmacological agents that are routinely recommended for cancer prevention in patients with PSC. […] However, there are several pharmacological agents that may have potential benefit, thus necessitating further investigation. […] The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) both strongly recommend against the routine use of UDCA as chemoprevention for CRC in patients with PSC-IBD.
  • #27 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis, Part 2: Cancer Risk, Prevention, and Surveillance – Gastroenterology & Hepatology
    https://www.gastroenterologyandhepatology.net/archives/july-2018/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis-part-2-cancer-risk-prevention-and-surveillance/
    Thus, the available data to date suggest that there is potential harm, or at least no benefit, with high-dose UDCA, whereas intermediate- (or low-) dose UDCA may have some chemopreventive impact in a subset of patients with PSC. Therefore, the consensus at this time is that high-dose UDCA should be avoided, and that for intermediate- or low-dose UDCA, additional studies are needed to validate its putative chemopreventive properties in patients with PSC-IBD before it can be routinely recommended for this indication, although it may ostensibly be considered in select patients (eg, patients with a strong family history of colon cancer). […] Curcumin, a phytoextract from the turmeric (Curcuma longa) rhizome, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and antineoplastic effects, although these effects have been less studied in the specific context of PSC. Given the pleiotropic and multiple potentially beneficial effects of curcumin in both inflammatory and neoplastic disorders, it may merit further investigation as a chemopreventive agent and is currently under phase 1 and 2 study for treatment of PSC.
  • #28 Cancer risk in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Epidemiology, prevention, and surveillance strategies
    https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v25/i6/659.htm
    The use of oral vancomycin in PSC remains an area of active and exciting research. […] In addition to pharmacological agents, prevention can involve minimizing modifiable risk factors for hepatobiliary malignancies. Several studies have found smoking and alcohol consumption to be associated with an increased risk of CCA. However, there have not been any published studies evaluating whether cessation of smoking or alcohol consumption can reduce the risk of hepatobiliary malignancies or survival in patients with PSC.
  • #29 New target-HMGCR inhibitors for the treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis: A drug Mendelian randomization study
    https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/med-2024-0994/html?lang=en&srsltid=AfmBOop4SnxaFhKfX3NDXoAZfXMqpbrjqcyvZLx9AgvTtflIRT3ZM8p9
    Genetically predicted HMGCR exhibited a pronounced detrimental effect on PSC in both the IVW method (OR [95%] = 2.43 [1.234.78], P = 0.010) and weighted median method (OR [95%] = 2.36 [1.025.45], P = 0.044). […] This study has confirmed a causal relationship between HMGCR and PSC risk, suggesting statins targeting HMGCR could enhance PSC patient outcomes. […] Notably, statins targeting HMGCR show promise in improving the prognosis of individuals with PSC. […] In brief, our results suggest that HMGCR inhibition could enhance PSC prognosis, providing robust evidence supporting the therapeutic use of statins in PSC treatment. […] The results offer robust evidence supporting the potential enhancement of prognosis in PSC patients through the use of statin drugs targeting HMGCR.
  • #30 Cancer risk in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Epidemiology, prevention, and surveillance strategies
    https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v25/i6/659.htm
    Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare cholestatic liver disease characterized by progressive fibroinflammatory destruction of the intra- and/or extrahepatic biliary ducts. […] Importantly, PSC is associated with a significantly increased risk of malignancy compared to the general population, mainly cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and colorectal cancer, with nearly 50% of deaths in patients with PSC being due to cancer. Therefore, robust surveillance strategies are needed, though uncertainty remains regarding how to best do so. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, prevention, and surveillance of cancers in patients with PSC. Where evidence is limited, we present pragmatic approaches based on currently available data and expert opinion.
  • #31 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Treatment in Colorado
    https://www.rockymountaingastro.com/services/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis/
    Early medical intervention will help prevent more severe complications from developing, such as frequent infections, portal hypertension, thinning bones, liver failure, and cancer. […] Patients who exhibit the known risk factors increase the urgency for an assessment to slow down the course of the disease and prevent the development of severe liver complications. […] The only known treatment to cure primary sclerosing cholangitis is a liver transplant, which is reserved for those with liver failure and other severe complications associated with the disease.
  • #32 Cancer risk in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Epidemiology, prevention, and surveillance strategies
    https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v25/i6/659.htm
    Predictors of cancer in PSC are still largely unclear, preventive measures are for the most part unproven if not non-existent, and much is still unknown regarding prevention and surveillance of cancer in PSC. […] Data regarding the prevention of cancer in PSC are scarce, largely due to the rarity of PSC and difficulty in amassing sufficient patient-years to power chemopreventive studies. There are currently no pharmacological agents that are routinely recommended for cancer prevention in patients with PSC. […] However, there are several pharmacological agents that may have potential benefit, thus necessitating further investigation. […] The American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) both strongly recommend against the routine use of UDCA as chemoprevention for CRC in patients with PSC-IBD.
  • #33 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC)
    https://liverfoundation.org/liver-diseases/autoimmune-liver-diseases/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis-psc/
    Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic, or long-term, disease that slowly damages the bile ducts. […] Lifestyle changes can help manage Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. Avoiding alcohol, quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, eating a healthy diet that includes fruits, vegetables and whole grains and getting vaccinated against hepatitis A and hepatitis B may help preserve liver function. […] There is no cure or specific treatment for PSC. […] Over time, many PSC patients will continue to suffer a gradual loss of liver function. If liver failure becomes severe, a liver transplant may be necessary. […] Scientists are continuing to study the disease to find the cause and understand its development. […] Participating in a clinical trial is a great way to contribute to curing, preventing and treating liver disease and its complications.
  • #34 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC) | UPMC | Pittsburgh PA
    https://www.upmc.com/services/digestive-disorders-center/services/liver-diseases/conditions/autoimmune-liver-diseases/psc
    Doctors can’t currently prevent someone from getting PSC. […] This might change in the future if they can decode the genetics of this disease.
  • #35 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis | Conditions and Treatments | Center for Liver Disease & Transplantation | Columbia University Department of Surgery
    https://columbiasurgery.org/conditions-and-treatments/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis
    While there is no cure, various treatments are available that can slow the progression of the disease, relieve symptoms, and prevent complications. […] Making healthy lifestyle changes can also help reduce symptoms and complications. These include regularly exercising, following a healthy diet, and reducing alcohol consumption.
  • #36 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC)
    https://liverfoundation.org/liver-diseases/autoimmune-liver-diseases/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis-psc/
    Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic, or long-term, disease that slowly damages the bile ducts. […] Lifestyle changes can help manage Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis. Avoiding alcohol, quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, eating a healthy diet that includes fruits, vegetables and whole grains and getting vaccinated against hepatitis A and hepatitis B may help preserve liver function. […] There is no cure or specific treatment for PSC. […] Over time, many PSC patients will continue to suffer a gradual loss of liver function. If liver failure becomes severe, a liver transplant may be necessary. […] Scientists are continuing to study the disease to find the cause and understand its development. […] Participating in a clinical trial is a great way to contribute to curing, preventing and treating liver disease and its complications.
  • #37 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Treatment in Colorado
    https://www.rockymountaingastro.com/services/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis/
    Early medical intervention will help prevent more severe complications from developing, such as frequent infections, portal hypertension, thinning bones, liver failure, and cancer. […] Patients who exhibit the known risk factors increase the urgency for an assessment to slow down the course of the disease and prevent the development of severe liver complications. […] The only known treatment to cure primary sclerosing cholangitis is a liver transplant, which is reserved for those with liver failure and other severe complications associated with the disease.
  • #38 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (Causes, Symptoms and Treatment)
    https://patient.info/doctor/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis-pro
    Despite years of research, medical treatments are only at best able to help manage primary sclerosing cholangitis symptoms. Many drugs have been evaluated and found to be ineffective at halting progression of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Liver transplantation remains the only life-prolonging treatment for patients with end-stage disease. […] Systematic reviews have found no evidence of any benefit with either corticosteroids or penicillamine. […] Ursodeoxycholic acid: This gives a significant improvement in liver biochemistry and is usually well tolerated. However, it has not so far been shown to give any clinical benefit and high-dose ursodeoxycholic acid (28-30 mg/kg/day) has been shown to increase the adverse events rate. A Cochrane review concluded that there is insufficient evidence either to support or refute the use of bile acids in the treatment of PSC. […] Avoid alcohol, which is a risk factor for cholangiocarcinoma development.
  • #39 Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Symptoms, Treatment & Prognosis
    https://www.medicinenet.com/primary_sclerosing_cholangitis_psc/article.htm
    Is it possible to prevent primary sclerosing cholangitis? […] The specific cause of PSC is still unknown and therefore it seems not to be preventable. […] It is appropriate for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (especially ulcerative colitis) and their health care professional to be aware of the relationship with primary sclerosing cholangitis, in case symptoms suggestive of the disease arise. […] However, PSC is seen in only 3% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease.