Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Acute lymphocytic leukemia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/acute-lymphocytic-leukemia/symptoms-causes/syc-20369077

  Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is a type of cancer of the blood and bone marrow the spongy tissue inside bones where blood cells are made. […] The word „acute” in acute lymphocytic leukemia comes from the fact that the disease progresses rapidly and creates immature blood cells, rather than mature ones. […] Signs and symptoms of acute lymphocytic leukemia may include: Bleeding from the gums, Bone pain, Fever, Frequent infections, Frequent or severe nosebleeds, Lumps caused by swollen lymph nodes in and around the neck, armpits, abdomen or groin, Pale skin, Shortness of breath, Weakness, fatigue or a general decrease in energy. […] Many signs and symptoms of acute lymphocytic leukemia mimic those of the flu. However, flu signs and symptoms eventually improve. If signs and symptoms don’t improve as expected, make an appointment with your doctor.

• #1 Signs and Symptoms of Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/acute-lymphocytic-leukemia/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-symptoms.html

  Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) can cause many different signs and symptoms. Most of these occur in all kinds of ALL, but some are more common with certain subtypes of ALL. […] Most signs and symptoms of ALL are the result of shortages of normal blood cells, which happen when the leukemia cells crowd out the normal blood-making cells in the bone marrow. These shortages show up on blood tests, but they can also cause symptoms, including: Feeling tired, Feeling weak, Feeling dizzy or lightheaded, Shortness of breath, Pale skin, Infections that dont go away or keep coming back, Bruises (or small red or purple spots) on the skin, Bleeding, such as frequent or severe nosebleeds, bleeding gums, or heavy menstrual bleeding in women. […] Patients with ALL also often have several non-specific symptoms. These can include: Weight loss, Fever, Night sweats, Loss of appetite.

• #1 What Is Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)? | Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/acute-lymphocytic-leukemia/about/what-is-all.html

  Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is also called acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Acute means that the leukemia can progress quickly, and if not treated, would probably be fatal within a few months. ALL starts in the bone marrow (the soft inner part of certain bones, where new blood cells are made). Most often, the leukemia cells invade the blood fairly quickly. They can also sometimes spread to other parts of the body, including the lymph nodes, liver, spleen, central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), and testicles (in males). […] ALL develops from early forms of lymphocytes. It can start in either early B cells or T cells at different stages of maturity.

• #1 Leukemia Symptoms | Learn The Signs Of Leukemia | LLS

  https://www.lls.org/leukemia/acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia/signs-and-symptoms

  Signs and symptoms are changes in the body that may indicate disease. A person who has signs or symptoms that suggest the possibility of leukemia is usually referred to a specialist. It is common for someone with ALL to feel a loss of well-being because of the underproduction of normal blood cells. Consequently, patients with ALL do not have sufficient numbers of mature red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. […] Symptoms of anemia (low red blood cell count) include fatigue, shortness of breath during normal physical activities, dizziness, and pale complexion. […] Symptoms of neutropenia (low number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cells) include frequent infections and fever. […] Symptoms of thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) include bruising easily, prolonged bleeding from minor cuts, the appearance of pinhead-sized red spots on the skin, called petechiae, frequent or severe nosebleeds, bleeding gums, and heavier or more frequent menstrual periods.

• #1 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) – Blood Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/blood-disorders/leukemias/acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia-all

  Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a life-threatening disease in which the cells that normally develop into lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) become cancerous and rapidly replace normal cells in the bone marrow. […] People may have symptoms, such as fever, weakness, and paleness, because they have too few normal blood cells. […] Early symptoms of ALL result from the inability of the bone marrow to produce enough normal blood cells. […] Fever and excessive sweating may indicate infection, which may result from too few normal white blood cells. […] Weakness, fatigue, and paleness may result from too few red blood cells (anemia). Some people may have trouble breathing, a rapid heart rate, or chest pain. […] Easy bruising and bleeding, sometimes in the form of nosebleeds or bleeding gums may result from too few platelets (thrombocytopenia). In some cases, people may bleed into their brain or abdomen.

• #1 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL): MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000541.htm

  Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a fast-growing cancer of a type of white blood cells called lymphocytes. […] ALL makes a person more likely to bleed and develop infections. Symptoms include: Bone and joint pain, Easy bruising and bleeding (such as bleeding gums, skin bleeding, nosebleeds, abnormal periods), Feeling weak or tired, Fever, Loss of appetite and weight loss, Paleness, Pain or feeling of fullness below the ribs from an enlarged liver or spleen, Pinpoint red spots on the skin (petechiae), Swollen lymph nodes in the neck, under arms, and groin, Night sweats. […] Life-threatening symptoms can occur as normal blood counts drop. […] Those who respond to treatment right away tend to do better. Most children with ALL can be cured. Children often have a better outcome than adults.

• #1 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia | Leukaemia & Blood Cancer New Zealand

  https://www.leukaemia.org.nz/blood-cancer-information/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia

  Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is a type of cancer of the blood and bone marrow. ALL occurs when the bone marrow makes too many immature white blood cells, called lymphoblasts or leukaemic blasts. […] This type of leukaemia can appear suddenly and progress rapidly. […] Signs and symptoms of ALL will vary from person to person. It is common for someone with ALL to feel a loss of wellbeing because of the lack of normal, healthy blood cells. […] Common signs and symptoms of infection include: Fever (high temperature), Shivering or rigors, Coughing up yellow or green phlegm, Fatigue or extreme tiredness. […] Other symptoms of ALL include: Recurrent drenching night sweats, Unexplained weight loss, Loss of appetite, Bone or joint pain, Enlarged lymph nodes, Swelling and pain in the abdomen.

• #1 Signs and symptoms of leukaemia – Leukaemia Care

  https://www.leukaemiacare.org.uk/support-and-information/information-about-blood-cancer/blood-cancer-information/signs-and-symptoms-of-leukaemia/

  Leukaemia can be hard to spot because the signs and symptoms are common to other unrelated illnesses. Knowing what to look out for could help you make the decision to visit your GP sooner for a blood test. The six most common symptoms experienced by all leukemia patients prior to diagnosis. These are: Fatigue, Shortness of breath, Fever or night sweats, Bruising or bleeding, Bone/joint pain, Repeated infections. Other less frequently experienced symptoms of leukaemia are: Swollen lymph nodes, Stomach discomfort, Nausea or vomiting, Numbness in hands or feet, Heart palpitations, Loss of concentration, Sleeping problems, Headaches, Muscle pain, Back pain, Itchy skin, Weight loss. There are four main types of leukemia that differ by the rate of cancer progression (acute or chronic) and the type of blood stem cell affected (myeloid or lymphoid). Certain leukaemia types are more common at different ages. This means the symptoms most frequently experienced by people of different ages prior to diagnosis can vary. It is important to contact your GP, if you are displaying more than one of the above symptoms. Since the symptoms are common to other unrelated illnesses, it is unlikely that leukaemia will be the cause, however, it is for this exact reason that leukaemia can be hard to spot, as the signs and symptoms are so easily misdiagnosed. Contacting your GP earlier can be crucial for either ruling leukaemia out or getting an early diagnosis.

• #1 Signs and Symptoms of Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/acute-lymphocytic-leukemia/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-symptoms.html

  Leukemia cells may build up in the liver and spleen, making them larger. This might be noticed as a fullness or swelling of the belly, or feeling full after eating only a small amount. […] ALL that has spread to lymph nodes close to the surface of the body (such as on the sides of the neck, in the groin, or in underarm areas), might be noticed as lumps under the skin. […] Sometimes leukemia cells build up near the surface of the bone or inside the joint, which can lead to bone or joint pain. […] If ALL spreads to the brain and spinal cord it can cause headaches, weakness, seizures, vomiting, trouble with balance, facial muscle weakness or numbness, or blurred vision. […] The T-cell subtype of ALL often affects the thymus, which is a small organ in the middle of the chest behind the sternum (breastbone) and in front of the trachea (windpipe). An enlarged thymus can press on the trachea, which can lead to coughing or trouble breathing. […] If the thymus is enlarged, it may press on the SVC, causing the blood to back up in the veins. This is known as SVC syndrome. It can cause: Swelling in the face, neck, arms, and upper chest (sometimes with a bluish-red color), Headaches, Dizziness, Change in consciousness if it affects the brain.

• #1 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) – Blood Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/blood-disorders/leukemias/acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia-all

  Other symptoms occur when leukemic cells invade other organs. […] Leukemia cells in the brain may cause headaches, vomiting, stroke, and disturbances of vision, equilibrium, hearing, and facial muscles. […] Leukemia cells in the bone marrow may cause bone and joint pain. […] A sense of fullness in the abdomen and sometimes pain can result when leukemia cells cause enlargement of the liver and spleen.

• #1 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) symptoms | Blood Cancer UK

  https://bloodcancer.org.uk/understanding-blood-cancer/leukaemia/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia/all-symptoms/

  You or your doctor may also notice that your lymph nodes (glands) are larger than normal. You may notice these in your neck, but they could be in several places around your body, such as your armpit or groin. Your doctor may also feel a swollen liver or spleen (the organ that sits under your ribs and filters your blood) when they examine your stomach area (abdomen). […] In T-cell ALL, swollen lymph nodes in the chest might show up on an X-ray. […] Its important to remember that many of the symptoms seen in ALL can also happen in people who have common conditions which are less serious. […] Because leukaemia is rare but the symptoms are common in other diseases, it sometimes takes a week or two to diagnose. But if your doctors suspect leukaemia, theyll act quickly to make sure you get the tests and treatment you need.

• #1 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): Symptoms, Treatment & Prognosis

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21564-acute-lymphocytic-leukemia

  Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow. It affects white blood cells, which your body needs to fight infection. Its the most common type of cancer in children, but can also affect adults. Children have a much better chance of recovering from ALL than adults. […] Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (acute lymphocytic leukemia, ALL) is a rare blood cancer that affects a type of white blood cell called lymphocytes. ALL may affect anyone at any age, but children younger than 15 and adults older than 50 are more likely to develop the condition. […] While ALL is a serious condition, thanks to newer treatments, including long-term chemotherapy, children with the condition can be cured, and other people are living longer with ALL. […] Most ALL symptoms come on suddenly and affect children and adults similarly. Common initial symptoms include: Anemia. Bleeding, such as frequent nosebleeds or heavy menstrual periods. Bruising. Cough. Dizziness. Fatigue. Fever. Frequent viral infections or bacterial infections. Joint pain. Loss of appetite. Night sweats. Red, pinhead-sized spots on your skin (petechiae). Shortness of breath. Skin color thats paler or lighter than usual. Swollen lymph nodes. Unexplained weight loss. Weakness.

• #1 Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459149/

  Patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia typically present with symptoms related to anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia due to the replacement of the bone marrow with the tumor. Symptoms can include fatigue, easy or spontaneous bruising/bleeding, and infections. B-symptoms, such as fever, night sweats, and unintentional weight loss, are often present but may be mild. Hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy can be seen in up to half of adults on presentation. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is common and can be accompanied by cranial neuropathies or symptoms, predominantly meningeal, related to increased intracranial pressure. […] The most common presenting symptoms of acute lymphocytic leukemia are nonspecific and may be difficult to distinguish from common, self-limited diseases of childhood. In a meta-analysis, more than half of children with childhood leukemia had at least one of the following five features on presentation: palpable liver, palpable spleen, pallor, fever, or bruising. ALL patients typically present with symptoms of night sweats, easy bruising, skin pallor, unexplained lymphadenopathy, weakness, weight loss, hepatosplenomegaly, or difficulty breathing. Some patients may present with superior vena cava syndrome. Bone pain, mental changes, and oliguria may also be present. ALL can also present with testicular enlargement, musculoskeletal pain, mediastinal mass, and incidentally found peripheral blood cell abnormalities.

• #1 Leukemia Symptoms: Early Stage, Late Stage, Management Tips

  https://www.healthline.com/health/leukemia/leukemia-symptoms

  Early symptoms of leukemia often include easy bleeding, frequent infections, and fatigue. In the late stages, you might develop symptoms such as confusion, slow breathing, and hallucinations. […] Symptoms of acute leukemia often develop over a few weeks. Some of the early symptoms, such as fever and lethargy, may mimic those of the flu. Other possible early symptoms include: frequent infections, abnormal bleeding, such as: excessive bleeding, even from small wounds, easy bruising, bleeding of your gums, heavy menstrual bleeding, frequent nosebleeds, swollen liver or swollen spleen, swollen lymph nodes, pain in your spine or your long bones, anemia symptoms, such as: shortness of breath, headaches, irritability, loss of appetite, numbness and tingling in your hands and feet, weakness, severe fatigue, paleness, dizziness and lightheadedness.

• #1 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia/

  Symptoms of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia usually begin slowly before rapidly getting severe as the number of immature white blood cells in your blood increases. Symptoms include: pale skin, tiredness, breathlessness, having repeated infections over a short space of time, unusual and frequent bleeding. […] Symptoms of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia usually begin slowly before rapidly getting severe as the number of blast cells (immature white blood cells) in your blood increases. Most of the symptoms are caused by the lack of healthy blood cells in your blood supply. Symptoms of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia include: pale skin, feeling tired and breathless, having repeated infections over a short space of time, unusual and frequent bleeding, such as bleeding gums or nose bleeds, high temperature (fever) of 38C (100.4F) or above, night sweats, bone and joint pain, easily bruised skin, swollen lymph nodes (glands), abdominal pain caused by a swollen liver or spleen, unexplained weight loss, a purple skin rash (purpura).

• #1 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (Symptoms and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia-pro

  Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia typically deteriorate rapidly. Initial presentation of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is usually generalised fatigue and malaise but usually quickly progresses to bone marrow failure. […] Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia symptoms include fatigue, dizziness and palpitations. Severe and unusual bone and joint pain. Recurrent and severe infections (oral, throat, skin, perianal infections commonly). Fever without obvious infection (but infection should be assumed). Left upper quadrant fullness and early satiety due to splenomegaly (10-20%). Dyspnoea (due to anaemia or large mediastinal mass in those with T-cell tumours). Headache, irritability or altered mental status and neck stiffness (with central nervous system (CNS) involvement). Haemorrhagic or thrombotic complications due to thrombocytopenia or disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC) – for example, menorrhagia, frequent nosebleeds, spontaneous bruising.

• #1 Leukemia Symptoms: Early Stage, Late Stage, Management Tips

  https://www.healthline.com/health/leukemia/leukemia-symptoms

  As leukemia advances, you may develop new or more severe symptoms as your blood cell counts continue to drop. Potential symptoms include: frequent infections, such as: chronic respiratory infections, digestive tract infections, skin infections, severe anemia, which might cause: headaches, irritability, loss of appetite, numbness and tingling in your hands and feet, weakness, severe fatigue, paleness, dizziness and lightheadedness, more severe bleeding and bruising, flat red spots on your skin (petechiae), rashes, swollen abdomen, other cancers, bone or joint pain, swollen lymph nodes. […] Symptoms of end stage leukemia can vary from person to person depending on the course of the disease and the leukemia subtype. Some people might develop severe disease after months, while others might not have severe symptoms for decades. End stage symptoms can potentially include: extreme tiredness and weakness, a need to rest or sleep all the time, extreme weight loss and loss of appetite, difficulty eating or drinking, changes in taste, trouble speaking, loss of ability to perform daily tasks, difficulty waking from sleep, hallucinations, low blood pressure, irregular heart rate, weak pulse, dark, bluish, or pale skin, loss of ability to regulate your bladder and bowels, loss of consciousness.

• #1 Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL): Symptoms, Causes, Stages & Treatment

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/leukemia/acute-lymphocytic-leukemia

  Without prompt treatment, ALL leukemia can quickly become fatal. ALL symptoms tend to be flu-like, but they do not improve and go away like flu symptoms do. See your doctor if you have persistent symptoms that cause concern. […] Make an appointment if you have symptoms that persist or worsen. In general, the earlier you find cancer, including ALL, the better the chances of a good prognosis.

• #1 Symptoms of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia/symptoms/

  You or your child have symptoms of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. […] Your child is bleeding or bruising easily or for no reason. […] You or your child have a swollen and red face, neck, arms or hands that came on suddenly on brown and black skin the redness may be harder to see, have swollen veins in the neck or chest that came on suddenly. […] These symptoms are very common and can be caused by many different conditions. […] Having them does not definitely mean you have acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. But it’s important to get them checked. […] This is because if they’re caused by cancer, finding it early may mean it’s easier to treat.

• #1 Acute lymphocytic leukemia Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/report/acute-lymphocytic-leukemia

  Acute lymphocytic leukemia can progress quickly if untreated. However, ALL is one of the most curable cancers and survival rates are now at an all-time high. […] Certain factors help determine prognosis: Age. Children have a better chance for recovery than adults. More than 95% of children with ALL attain remission. Among adults, younger people (especially those younger than age 50) have a better prognosis than older people.

• #1 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (Symptoms and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia-pro

  Current treatment regimes for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia achieve complete remission rates of 80-90%, higher for standard-risk patients at over 90%, and less for high-risk patients at about 75%. […] The outcome of ALL is strictly related to the age of a patient, with cure rates from 80-90% in childhood ALL, decreasing to 10% in elderly/frail patients with ALL. Childhood ALL is one of the most curable cancers.

• #1 Acute Lymphoblastic (Lymphocytic) Leukemia | Massachusetts General Hospital

  https://www.massgeneral.org/cancer-center/treatments-and-services/leukemia/about-acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia

  Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia is called ALL. It is a cancer of the blood cells in which too many lymphoid cells (a type of white blood cell) are made by the bone marrow and organs of the lymph system. ALL is a type of cancer that grows quickly without treatment. […] Common ALL symptoms include: Swollen lymph nodes (in neck or armpit), usually painless, Fevers, night sweats, Frequent infections, Fatigue, feeling weak, Pale skin, Bleeding and bruising easily, Swelling or discomfort in the abdomen (from enlarged liver or spleen), Weight loss for no clear reason, Pain in bones or joints. […] ALL is a cancer that progresses quickly without treatment. Treatment should be started right away. The goal of treatment is to remove leukemia symptoms that are present and to destroy the leukemia forming cells. This is called remission.

• #2 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_lymphoblastic_leukemia

  Symptoms may include feeling tired, pale skin color, fever, easy bleeding or bruising, enlarged lymph nodes, or bone pain. […] As an acute leukemia, ALL progresses rapidly and is typically fatal within weeks or months if left untreated. […] The signs and symptoms of acute lymphoblastic leukemia are variable and include generalized weakness and feeling tired, anemia, dizziness, headache, vomiting, lethargy, neck stiffness, frequent or unexplained fever and infection, weight loss and/or loss of appetite, excessive and unexplained bruising, bone pain, joint pain, breathlessness, enlarged lymph nodes, liver, and/or spleen, pitting edema in the lower limbs and/or abdomen, petechiae, testicular enlargement, and mediastinal mass.

• #2 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/patient/adult-all-treatment-pdq

  Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a type of cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell). […] Signs and symptoms of ALL include fatigue, fever, and easy bruising or bleeding. […] The early signs and symptoms of ALL may be like the flu or other common diseases. Check with your doctor if you have: weakness or fatigue, fever or drenching night sweats, easy bruising or bleeding, petechiae (flat, pinpoint spots under the skin, caused by bleeding), shortness of breath, weight loss or loss of appetite, pain in the bones or stomach, pain or feeling of fullness below the ribs, painless lumps in the neck, underarm, stomach, or groin, frequent infections. […] In ALL, too many stem cells become lymphoblasts, B lymphocytes, or T lymphocytes. These cells are also called leukemia cells. Leukemia cells are not able to fight infection very well. Also, as the number of leukemia cells increases in the blood and bone marrow, there is less room for healthy white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. This may cause infection, anemia, and easy bleeding. The cancer can also spread to the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), lymph nodes, spleen, liver, testicles, and other organs. […] After ALL has been diagnosed, tests are done to find out if the cancer has spread to the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) or to other parts of the body.

• #2 Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459149/

  Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) is a malignancy of B or T lymphoblasts characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal, immature lymphocytes and their progenitors which ultimately leads to the replacement of bone marrow elements and other lymphoid organs resulting in a characteristic disease pattern. […] Patients typically present with symptoms related to anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia due to the replacement of the bone marrow with the tumor. Symptoms can include fatigue, easy or spontaneous bruising and/or bleeding, and infections. Additionally, B-symptoms, such as fever, night sweats, and unintentional weight loss, are often present but may be mild, and hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy can be seen in up to half of adults on presentation. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is common and can be accompanied by cranial neuropathies or symptoms, predominantly meningeal, related to increased intracranial pressure.

• #2 Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/leukemia/acute-lymphocytic-leukemia/guide/

  ALL symptoms happen because of a drop in healthy blood cells, according to the American Cancer Society. Which symptoms you have depends on the type of blood cell that’s affected. […] Symptoms of low red blood cells (anemia): Dizziness, Fatigue, Pale skin, Shortness of breath. […] Symptoms of low white blood cells: Fever, Infections that don’t go away or that keep coming back. […] Symptoms of low platelets: Bleeding gums, Easy bruising, Frequent or severe nosebleeds, Heavier-than-usual menstrual periods, Small red or purple spots on the skin (petechiae). […] ALL can also cause more body-wide symptoms, such as: Appetite loss, Belly pain, Bone or joint pain, Fever, Night sweats, Swollen lymph nodes, liver, or spleen, Unexplained weight loss.

• #2 Leukemia Symptoms: Early Stage, Late Stage, Management Tips

  https://www.healthline.com/health/leukemia/leukemia-symptoms

  Early symptoms of leukemia often include easy bleeding, frequent infections, and fatigue. In the late stages, you might develop symptoms such as confusion, slow breathing, and hallucinations. […] Symptoms of acute leukemia often develop over a few weeks. Some of the early symptoms, such as fever and lethargy, may mimic those of the flu. Other possible early symptoms include: frequent infections, abnormal bleeding, such as: excessive bleeding, even from small wounds, easy bruising, bleeding of your gums, heavy menstrual bleeding, frequent nosebleeds, swollen liver or swollen spleen, swollen lymph nodes, pain in your spine or your long bones, anemia symptoms, such as: shortness of breath, headaches, irritability, loss of appetite, numbness and tingling in your hands and feet, weakness, severe fatigue, paleness, dizziness and lightheadedness.

• #2 12 Top Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Symptoms & Signs | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/acute-lymphocytic-leukemia/acute-lymphocytic-leukemia-symptoms.html

  Weakness, tiredness and fatigue. This can be caused by the leukemia itself or by the low levels of hemoglobin seen in many leukemia patients. […] Fever and frequent infections due to low counts of healthy white blood cells. […] Excessive sweating or night sweats […] Easy bleeding and bruising, including bleeding of the gums due to low platelet levels. […] Recurrent nose bleeds […] Petechiae, a rash-like collection of pinpoint spots on the skin caused by bleeding into the skin. This is also due to low levels of platelets. […] Shortness of breath. This can be caused by low hemoglobin levels and lung infections. […] Swollen lymph nodes in the neck, underarm, stomach or groin […] Loss of appetite or a full feeling after eating very little food due to enlargement of the spleen […] Unexplained weight loss […] Bone and joint pain […] For female patients, longer than normal or heavier than normal menstruation.

• #2 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/207631-clinical

  Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) present with signs and symptoms relating to direct infiltration of the marrow or other organs by leukemic cells, or with signs and symptoms relating to the decreased production of normal marrow elements. […] Fever is one of the most common signs of ALL, and patients with ALL often have fever without any other evidence of infection. […] Patients with ALL often have decreased neutrophil counts, regardless of whether their total white blood cell (WBC) count is low, normal, or elevated. […] Symptoms of anemia are common and include fatigue, dizziness, palpitations, and dyspnea upon even mild exertion. […] Other patients present with bleeding, which can be the result of thrombocytopenia due to marrow replacement. […] Additionally, approximately 10% of patients with ALL have disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) at the time of diagnosis.

• #2 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Acute-Lymphoblastic-Leukemia-Symptoms.aspx

  As the blast cells rise in the blood, the adult and mature functioning white blood cells decline in number. This causes lowering of immunity and raises the risk of repeated infections. Patient may present with repeated episodes of infections. Some of them may be simple infections that take longer to go away and sometimes with more severe immunity-depression there may be life threatening infections. Common infections include those in the mouth, throat, skin and groin. […] Due to lowering of platelet counts in the blood there is an increased risk of bleeding. There may be nose bleeds, heavy menstrual bleeding or bleeding from the gums. Platelets normally help in clotting and prevent bleeding. Low platelet counts result from rising number of blast cells in blood. There may be bruises caused by minor injuries and severe and uncontrolled bleeding caused by injuries. Bleeding may occur within the joints, in the brain etc. creating life threatening complications. There may be bone and joint pain due to bleeding.

• #2 What are the symptoms of leukaemia? | Cancer Australia

  https://www.canceraustralia.gov.au/cancer-types/leukaemia/what-are-symptoms-leukaemia

  Different types of leukaemia cause different symptoms. Sometimes, a person will have no symptoms, or vague symptoms such as an ongoing cold. Symptoms of acute leukaemia often occur quickly over a few weeks, while chronic leukaemia is likely to show no symptoms, or mild symptoms which develop slowly. […] Symptoms of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) include tiredness and other signs of anaemia such as weakness, shortness of breath and a pale complexion – caused by a lack of red blood cells, fever and infections that don’t go away, mouth sores, sore throats, coughing, boils and frequent and painful passing of urine – caused by a lack of white blood cells, bruising and bleeding easily, nosebleeds, bleeding gums and heavy periods in women – caused by a lack of platelets, weight loss, night sweats, loss of appetite, swelling or discomfort in the abdomen – caused by a buildup of leukaemia cells in the liver and spleen, enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, underarms or groin, pain in the bones or joints, coughing and trouble breathing – caused by an enlarged thymus, a serious syndrome caused by the thymus pressing on the superior vena cava, and less common symptoms including bone or joint pain, swollen and tender gums, skin rashes, headaches, weight loss, vision problems, vomiting and chest pains. […] Many conditions can cause these symptoms, not just leukaemia. If you have any of these symptoms, talk to your doctor.

• #2 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) symptoms | Blood Cancer UK

  https://bloodcancer.org.uk/understanding-blood-cancer/leukaemia/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia/all-symptoms/

  You or your doctor may also notice that your lymph nodes (glands) are larger than normal. You may notice these in your neck, but they could be in several places around your body, such as your armpit or groin. Your doctor may also feel a swollen liver or spleen (the organ that sits under your ribs and filters your blood) when they examine your stomach area (abdomen). […] In T-cell ALL, swollen lymph nodes in the chest might show up on an X-ray. […] Its important to remember that many of the symptoms seen in ALL can also happen in people who have common conditions which are less serious. […] Because leukaemia is rare but the symptoms are common in other diseases, it sometimes takes a week or two to diagnose. But if your doctors suspect leukaemia, theyll act quickly to make sure you get the tests and treatment you need.

• #2 Symptoms of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) | Cancer Council NSW

  https://www.cancercouncil.com.au/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia/symptoms/

  When leukaemia causes a build-up of abnormal white blood cells, the lymph nodes and spleen can become swollen. An enlarged spleen can cause pain or discomfort in the abdomen or back. […] These include bone or joint pain, swollen and tender gums, skin rashes, headaches, weight loss, vision problems, vomiting and chest pains.

• #2 Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459149/

  Patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia typically present with symptoms related to anemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia due to the replacement of the bone marrow with the tumor. Symptoms can include fatigue, easy or spontaneous bruising/bleeding, and infections. B-symptoms, such as fever, night sweats, and unintentional weight loss, are often present but may be mild. Hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy can be seen in up to half of adults on presentation. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is common and can be accompanied by cranial neuropathies or symptoms, predominantly meningeal, related to increased intracranial pressure. […] The most common presenting symptoms of acute lymphocytic leukemia are nonspecific and may be difficult to distinguish from common, self-limited diseases of childhood. In a meta-analysis, more than half of children with childhood leukemia had at least one of the following five features on presentation: palpable liver, palpable spleen, pallor, fever, or bruising. ALL patients typically present with symptoms of night sweats, easy bruising, skin pallor, unexplained lymphadenopathy, weakness, weight loss, hepatosplenomegaly, or difficulty breathing. Some patients may present with superior vena cava syndrome. Bone pain, mental changes, and oliguria may also be present. ALL can also present with testicular enlargement, musculoskeletal pain, mediastinal mass, and incidentally found peripheral blood cell abnormalities.

• #2 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia/

  In some cases of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, the affected cells can spread from your bloodstream into your central nervous system. This can cause a series of neurological symptoms (related to the brain and nervous system), including: headaches, seizures (fits), vomiting, blurred vision, dizziness.

• #2 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Acute-Lymphoblastic-Leukemia-Symptoms.aspx

  Unexplained and long term fever may be one of the symptoms. Fever is usually over 38C (100.4F). […] Fever is usually accompanied by excessive sweating and night sweats. […] Swollen lymph nodes are another common symptom that may be seen. […] Liver and spleen may be enlarged and may be felt on palpating the abdomen. […] There may be loss of appetite and weight loss. […] If the cancer affects the central nervous system there may be neurological symptoms including headaches, seizures or fits, blurring of vision, stiffness of the neck, irritability and dizziness. Some patients may experience nausea and vomiting as well.

• #2 Symptoms of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia-all/symptoms

  A type of leukaemia called T cell ALL can cause swollen lymph nodes in the centre of your chest. It might also make a gland in your upper chest bigger. The swollen nodes or thymus gland may press on the windpipe, causing breathlessness and coughing. They can also press on the veins carrying blood from the head. This causes pressure in the blood vessels and makes the face, neck and arms swell and go red.

• #2 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/207631-overview

  Signs and symptoms of ALL include the following: Fever […] Symptoms related to a large mediastinal mass (eg, shortness of breath), particularly with T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (T-ALL) […] Bone pain (can be severe and often atypical) […] Symptoms of leukostasis (eg, respiratory distress, altered mental status) […] Infections, including pneumonia.

• #2 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia-all

  Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), sometimes called acute lymphocytic leukemia, is the most common form of leukemia found in children, accounting for about 30 percent of all pediatric cancers. […] The most common signs and symptoms of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children are: […] Anemia occurs when normal red blood cells can’t be produced because the bone marrow is overcrowded by leukemia cells. […] Bleeding and/or bruising. When the bone marrow cannot produce enough platelets, bleeding can occur, especially when the platelet numbers are less than 10-20,000/mm3. […] Pain in bones and joints is usually a result of the bone marrow being crowded with leukemic blasts. […] The child with leukemia often shows non-specific symptoms of infection such as fever and fatigue. […] Leukemia cells can collect in the kidneys, liver and spleen, causing enlargement of these organs which can cause pain in the abdomen. […] Lymph nodes filter the blood. Leukemia cells often collect in the nodes, causing swelling. […] In leukemia, especially T-cell ALL, cells can clump together in the thymus a gland under the breastbone and around the throat. This mass of cells can cause difficulty breathing.

• #2 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (Symptoms and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia-pro

  Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia typically deteriorate rapidly. Initial presentation of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is usually generalised fatigue and malaise but usually quickly progresses to bone marrow failure. […] Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia symptoms include fatigue, dizziness and palpitations. Severe and unusual bone and joint pain. Recurrent and severe infections (oral, throat, skin, perianal infections commonly). Fever without obvious infection (but infection should be assumed). Left upper quadrant fullness and early satiety due to splenomegaly (10-20%). Dyspnoea (due to anaemia or large mediastinal mass in those with T-cell tumours). Headache, irritability or altered mental status and neck stiffness (with central nervous system (CNS) involvement). Haemorrhagic or thrombotic complications due to thrombocytopenia or disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC) – for example, menorrhagia, frequent nosebleeds, spontaneous bruising.

• #2 Acute lymphocytic leukemia Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/report/acute-lymphocytic-leukemia

  Symptoms of ALL include fatigue, pale skin, recurrent infections, bone pain, bruising, and small red spots under the skin. […] The symptoms of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) may be difficult to recognize. ALL usually begins abruptly and intensely, but in some cases symptoms may develop slowly. They may be present one day, and absent the next, particularly in children. […] General symptoms of ALL include: Fatigue, Fever, Loss of appetite, Unexplained weight loss, Recurrent minor infections, Shortness of breath during normal activities. […] Other symptoms of ALL include: Paleness. People may be pale and fatigued from anemia caused by insufficient red blood cells. Bruising and bleeding may result from only slight injury. Small red spots (petechiae) may appear on the skin. Pain in bones and joints is common as is abdominal pain and swelling. Swollen lymph nodes may appear under arms, in groin, and in neck.

• #2 Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL): Symptoms, Causes, Stages & Treatment

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/leukemia/acute-lymphocytic-leukemia

  Without prompt treatment, ALL leukemia can quickly become fatal. ALL symptoms tend to be flu-like, but they do not improve and go away like flu symptoms do. See your doctor if you have persistent symptoms that cause concern. […] Make an appointment if you have symptoms that persist or worsen. In general, the earlier you find cancer, including ALL, the better the chances of a good prognosis.

• #2 Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia | Leukaemia & Blood Cancer New Zealand

  https://www.leukaemia.org.nz/blood-cancer-information/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia

  Without treatment, the bone marrow will produce increasing numbers of abnormal cells and the production of normal blood cells will keep reducing. A sharp reduction in the number of red blood cells in the blood causes anaemia and the shortage of normal white blood cells and platelets becomes more severe.

• #2 Leukemia Symptoms: Early Stage, Late Stage, Management Tips

  https://www.healthline.com/health/leukemia/leukemia-symptoms

  As leukemia advances, you may develop new or more severe symptoms as your blood cell counts continue to drop. Potential symptoms include: frequent infections, such as: chronic respiratory infections, digestive tract infections, skin infections, severe anemia, which might cause: headaches, irritability, loss of appetite, numbness and tingling in your hands and feet, weakness, severe fatigue, paleness, dizziness and lightheadedness, more severe bleeding and bruising, flat red spots on your skin (petechiae), rashes, swollen abdomen, other cancers, bone or joint pain, swollen lymph nodes. […] Symptoms of end stage leukemia can vary from person to person depending on the course of the disease and the leukemia subtype. Some people might develop severe disease after months, while others might not have severe symptoms for decades. End stage symptoms can potentially include: extreme tiredness and weakness, a need to rest or sleep all the time, extreme weight loss and loss of appetite, difficulty eating or drinking, changes in taste, trouble speaking, loss of ability to perform daily tasks, difficulty waking from sleep, hallucinations, low blood pressure, irregular heart rate, weak pulse, dark, bluish, or pale skin, loss of ability to regulate your bladder and bowels, loss of consciousness.

• #2 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL): MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000541.htm

  Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a fast-growing cancer of a type of white blood cells called lymphocytes. […] ALL makes a person more likely to bleed and develop infections. Symptoms include: Bone and joint pain, Easy bruising and bleeding (such as bleeding gums, skin bleeding, nosebleeds, abnormal periods), Feeling weak or tired, Fever, Loss of appetite and weight loss, Paleness, Pain or feeling of fullness below the ribs from an enlarged liver or spleen, Pinpoint red spots on the skin (petechiae), Swollen lymph nodes in the neck, under arms, and groin, Night sweats. […] Life-threatening symptoms can occur as normal blood counts drop. […] Those who respond to treatment right away tend to do better. Most children with ALL can be cured. Children often have a better outcome than adults.

• #2 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): Symptoms, Treatment & Prognosis

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21564-acute-lymphocytic-leukemia

  Many acute lymphoblastic leukemia symptoms mimic other less serious conditions. Having one or more of the symptoms listed above isnt a sign that you have ALL. In general, you should talk to a healthcare provider about changes in your body that last more than two weeks. […] Your prognosis is the outcome you may expect after treatment. ALL often goes into complete remission after chemotherapy that kills cancerous cells. In general, children and young adults have a better prognosis than do people age 20 and older. […] In some cases, yes, ALL can be cured. Children with ALL who remain in complete remission after five years are considered cured. Thats because ALL rarely recurs (comes back) after five years. Older children and adults with ALL are less likely to be cured because treatment doesnt always put ALL into long-term remission.

• #2 Symptoms of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia/symptoms/

  You or your child have symptoms of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. […] Your child is bleeding or bruising easily or for no reason. […] You or your child have a swollen and red face, neck, arms or hands that came on suddenly on brown and black skin the redness may be harder to see, have swollen veins in the neck or chest that came on suddenly. […] These symptoms are very common and can be caused by many different conditions. […] Having them does not definitely mean you have acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. But it’s important to get them checked. […] This is because if they’re caused by cancer, finding it early may mean it’s easier to treat.

• #2 Acute lymphocytic leukemia Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/report/acute-lymphocytic-leukemia

  Acute lymphocytic leukemia can progress quickly if untreated. However, ALL is one of the most curable cancers and survival rates are now at an all-time high. […] Certain factors help determine prognosis: Age. Children have a better chance for recovery than adults. More than 95% of children with ALL attain remission. Among adults, younger people (especially those younger than age 50) have a better prognosis than older people.

• #2 Acute lymphoblastic leukemia – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice US

  https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/273

  Other diagnostic factors include focal neurologic signs, headache, papilledema, nuchal rigidity, and meningismus, renal enlargement, bone pain, painless unilateral testicular enlargement, abdominal pain, mediastinal or abdominal mass, pleural effusion, skin infiltrations. […] Despite the aggressive treatment approach, only 40% to 60% of adults with ALL are cured. Long-term adverse effects of treatment include heart failure, sterility, secondary malignancies, and neurotoxicity.

• #2 Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/leukemia/patient/child-all-treatment-pdq

  Symptoms of childhood ALL are caused by not having enough red blood cells and platelets and by having too many white blood cells that don’t work well. It’s important to check with your child’s doctor if your child has: […] ALL usually worsens quickly if it is not treated.

• #3 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (Symptoms and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia-pro

  Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia typically deteriorate rapidly. Initial presentation of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is usually generalised fatigue and malaise but usually quickly progresses to bone marrow failure. […] Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia symptoms include fatigue, dizziness and palpitations. Severe and unusual bone and joint pain. Recurrent and severe infections (oral, throat, skin, perianal infections commonly). Fever without obvious infection (but infection should be assumed). Left upper quadrant fullness and early satiety due to splenomegaly (10-20%). Dyspnoea (due to anaemia or large mediastinal mass in those with T-cell tumours). Headache, irritability or altered mental status and neck stiffness (with central nervous system (CNS) involvement). Haemorrhagic or thrombotic complications due to thrombocytopenia or disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC) – for example, menorrhagia, frequent nosebleeds, spontaneous bruising.

• #3 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): Symptoms, Treatment & Prognosis

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21564-acute-lymphocytic-leukemia

  Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow. It affects white blood cells, which your body needs to fight infection. Its the most common type of cancer in children, but can also affect adults. Children have a much better chance of recovering from ALL than adults. […] Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (acute lymphocytic leukemia, ALL) is a rare blood cancer that affects a type of white blood cell called lymphocytes. ALL may affect anyone at any age, but children younger than 15 and adults older than 50 are more likely to develop the condition. […] While ALL is a serious condition, thanks to newer treatments, including long-term chemotherapy, children with the condition can be cured, and other people are living longer with ALL. […] Most ALL symptoms come on suddenly and affect children and adults similarly. Common initial symptoms include: Anemia. Bleeding, such as frequent nosebleeds or heavy menstrual periods. Bruising. Cough. Dizziness. Fatigue. Fever. Frequent viral infections or bacterial infections. Joint pain. Loss of appetite. Night sweats. Red, pinhead-sized spots on your skin (petechiae). Shortness of breath. Skin color thats paler or lighter than usual. Swollen lymph nodes. Unexplained weight loss. Weakness.

• #3 Symptoms of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) | Cancer Council NSW

  https://www.cancercouncil.com.au/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia/symptoms/

  Occasionally, a person will have no symptoms or vague symptoms such as an ongoing cold, and the leukaemia is discovered during a routine blood test. Usually, people with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) find that some of the following symptoms appear quickly over a few weeks. […] Low levels of red blood cells (anaemia) can cause tiredness (fatigue), weakness, a pale complexion and breathlessness. […] Low platelet levels can cause bruising without a bump or fall, nosebleeds, bleeding gums, heavy periods, and small red or purple spots on the skin or mouth (called petechiae). […] A lack of normal white blood cells can cause mouth sores or ulcers, sore throats, fevers, sweats, coughing, boils, infected cuts or scratches, and frequent and painful passing of urine. A low white blood cell level can also lead to more serious infections.

• #3 Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

  https://www.dana-farber.org/cancer-care/types/childhood-acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia

  Bone and joint pain: Your child may experience pain in his bones and joints. This pain is usually a result of the bone marrow being overcrowded and „full.” Many children experience lower back pain or develop a limp. […] Bruising or petechiae: When the marrow is too crowded to allow platelets to be produced, your child may bruise more easily. You might notice petechiae, or tiny red dots, on the skin if your child has a low number of platelets. These are very small blood vessels that have „leaked” or bled. While these symptoms pose no immediate risk, they do indicate the possibility of a more serious underlying problem. A blood count will show an abnormally low number of platelets. […] Fever: Many children with ALL have fevers that are not related to a specific infection, though sometimes fever at the time of diagnosis can be a sign of infection.

• #3 Leukemia Symptoms | Learn The Signs Of Leukemia | LLS

  https://www.lls.org/leukemia/acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia/signs-and-symptoms

  Other general symptoms of ALL include night sweats, discomfort in bones or joints, enlarged spleen, liver or lymph nodes, pain or feeling of fullness below the ribs, unexplained weight loss or loss of appetite, and wheezing, coughing or painful breathing. […] The signs and symptoms of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are common to other, less serious illnesses. However, if you’re troubled by any of these symptoms, see your doctor.

• #3 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (Symptoms and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/acute-lymphoblastic-leukaemia-pro

  Current treatment regimes for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia achieve complete remission rates of 80-90%, higher for standard-risk patients at over 90%, and less for high-risk patients at about 75%. […] The outcome of ALL is strictly related to the age of a patient, with cure rates from 80-90% in childhood ALL, decreasing to 10% in elderly/frail patients with ALL. Childhood ALL is one of the most curable cancers.

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