Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Frontiers | Emerging Molecules in Pulmonary Hypertension: Diagnosis, Risk Prediction, Treatment and Prognosis

  https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/60695/emerging-molecules-in-pulmonary-hypertension-diagnosis-risk-prediction-treatment-and-prognosisundefined

  Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe arteriopathy characterized by progressive pulmonary vascular remodeling and increased pulmonary vascular resistance leading to right heart failure and often resulting in death. […] It remains a life-threatening disease with a high mortality rate. […] Its early diagnosis and treatment are of great significance to reduce mortality and limit adverse events. […] Despite these treatments, the mortality rate remains high as the condition often proves non-reversible. […] Treatment strategies and prognosis of patients with different subtypes of PAH.

• #2 Pulmonary Hypertension Life Expectancy, Outlook, Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/pulmonary-hypertension-prognosis

  Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive, life threatening type of high blood pressure. […] At the moment, theres no readily available cure for PH. […] Its a progressive disease, which means it can advance over time, sometimes much faster for some people than others. […] For many people, PH can lead to significant heart failure, and their overall health can be in great danger. […] Life expectancy will depend on the type of PH you have and the cause of your PH. […] The median survival time after diagnosis for people with group 1 PAH is more than 5 years. […] The other groups all have varied mortality rates. […] According to a 2022 study on trends in the United States, mortality rates for group 2 PH and group 3 PH are higher than those for group 1 PH. […] One 2019 study examined the outlooks of people in a referral center in France.

• #3 Frontiers | Emerging Molecules in Pulmonary Hypertension: Diagnosis, Risk Prediction, Treatment and Prognosis

  https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/60695/emerging-molecules-in-pulmonary-hypertension-diagnosis-risk-prediction-treatment-and-prognosisundefined

  Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe arteriopathy characterized by progressive pulmonary vascular remodeling and increased pulmonary vascular resistance leading to right heart failure and often resulting in death. […] It remains a life-threatening disease with a high mortality rate. […] Its early diagnosis and treatment are of great significance to reduce mortality and limit adverse events. […] Despite these treatments, the mortality rate remains high as the condition often proves non-reversible. […] Treatment strategies and prognosis of patients with different subtypes of PAH.

• #4 Frontiers | Emerging Molecules in Pulmonary Hypertension: Diagnosis, Risk Prediction, Treatment and Prognosis

  https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/60695/emerging-molecules-in-pulmonary-hypertension-diagnosis-risk-prediction-treatment-and-prognosisundefined

  Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe arteriopathy characterized by progressive pulmonary vascular remodeling and increased pulmonary vascular resistance leading to right heart failure and often resulting in death. […] It remains a life-threatening disease with a high mortality rate. […] Its early diagnosis and treatment are of great significance to reduce mortality and limit adverse events. […] Despite these treatments, the mortality rate remains high as the condition often proves non-reversible. […] Treatment strategies and prognosis of patients with different subtypes of PAH.

• #5 Risk Stratification in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Update and Perspectives

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10342910/

  Risk stratification in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is crucial in assessing patient prognosis. […] The recently published 2022 European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Respiratory Society (ERS) guidelines underline the importance of risk stratification not only at baseline but also during follow-up. […] Achieving a low-risk status has now become the therapeutic goal, emphasising the importance of personalised therapy. […] The application of these guidelines is also important in determining the timing for lung transplantation referral. […] In this review, we summarise the most relevant prognostic factors of PAH as well as the parameters used in PAH risk scores and their evolution in the guidelines over the last decade. […] The aim of this manuscript is to review the clinical and paraclinical biomarkers that influence PAH prognosis.

• #6 Risk Stratification in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Update and Perspectives

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10342910/

  Risk stratification in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is crucial in assessing patient prognosis. […] The recently published 2022 European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Respiratory Society (ERS) guidelines underline the importance of risk stratification not only at baseline but also during follow-up. […] Achieving a low-risk status has now become the therapeutic goal, emphasising the importance of personalised therapy. […] The application of these guidelines is also important in determining the timing for lung transplantation referral. […] In this review, we summarise the most relevant prognostic factors of PAH as well as the parameters used in PAH risk scores and their evolution in the guidelines over the last decade. […] The aim of this manuscript is to review the clinical and paraclinical biomarkers that influence PAH prognosis.

• #7 Risk Stratification in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Update and Perspectives

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10342910/

  Variation in NT-proBNP levels during idiopathic PAH (iPAH) patient follow-up under treatment is a stronger indicator of transplant-free survival (TFS) than its value at diagnosis. […] The 2022 ESC/ERS guidelines highlight the importance of achieving a low or intermediate-low-risk group during follow-up. […] Consequently, for patients with an intermediate-high-risk profile during follow-up, a modification of treatment is required. […] Achieving or maintaining a low-risk profile during follow-up should represent the therapeutic goal for the vast majority of patients with PAH. […] When maximal medical therapies fail to improve the risk score status, lung transplantation (LT) should be considered as it remains the ultimate therapeutic option in the most severe PAH cases. […] Therefore, it is crucial to define the right moment for LT referral and listing in order to reduce mortality and morbidity.

• #8 Risk Stratification in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Update and Perspectives

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10342910/

  We also focus on the utility of the main risk stratification tools used in everyday clinical assessment and how they affect PAH patient management, including therapy modification and lung transplantation (LT) referral or listing. […] The 6-min walk distance (6MWD) represents a variable of great prognostic value. […] Achievement of a 6MWD greater than 380-440 m appears to predict better outcomes. […] A careful interpretation of the 6MWD values is necessary, since its sensitivity for prognosis prediction may be altered depending on a patient’s characteristics (age, gender) and comorbidities. […] N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is demonstrated to be an independent predictor of survival. […] A recent systematic review and meta-analysis on PAH patients demonstrated that high levels of NT-proBNP are correlated with a significantly increased risk of mortality or LT in PAH.

• #9 Risk Stratification in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Update and Perspectives

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10342910/

  We also focus on the utility of the main risk stratification tools used in everyday clinical assessment and how they affect PAH patient management, including therapy modification and lung transplantation (LT) referral or listing. […] The 6-min walk distance (6MWD) represents a variable of great prognostic value. […] Achievement of a 6MWD greater than 380-440 m appears to predict better outcomes. […] A careful interpretation of the 6MWD values is necessary, since its sensitivity for prognosis prediction may be altered depending on a patient’s characteristics (age, gender) and comorbidities. […] N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is demonstrated to be an independent predictor of survival. […] A recent systematic review and meta-analysis on PAH patients demonstrated that high levels of NT-proBNP are correlated with a significantly increased risk of mortality or LT in PAH.

• #10 Risk Stratification in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Update and Perspectives

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10342910/

  Variation in NT-proBNP levels during idiopathic PAH (iPAH) patient follow-up under treatment is a stronger indicator of transplant-free survival (TFS) than its value at diagnosis. […] The 2022 ESC/ERS guidelines highlight the importance of achieving a low or intermediate-low-risk group during follow-up. […] Consequently, for patients with an intermediate-high-risk profile during follow-up, a modification of treatment is required. […] Achieving or maintaining a low-risk profile during follow-up should represent the therapeutic goal for the vast majority of patients with PAH. […] When maximal medical therapies fail to improve the risk score status, lung transplantation (LT) should be considered as it remains the ultimate therapeutic option in the most severe PAH cases. […] Therefore, it is crucial to define the right moment for LT referral and listing in order to reduce mortality and morbidity.

• #11

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7691927/

  Limited data about the long-term prognosis and response to therapy in pulmonary arterial hypertension patients with World Health Organization functional class I/II symptoms are available. […] Survival rates for functional class I/II patients at one, two, and three years were 93% (95% confidence interval (CI): 91%95%), 86% (95% CI: 82%89%), and 78% (95% CI: 73%83%), respectively. […] The calculated risk of death of 22% within three years for functional class I/II patients underlines the need for careful assessment and optimal treatment of patients with functional class I/II disease. […] Despite recent advances in medical therapy for patients with PAH, mortality remains high and continues to be associated with FC. […] The observational registry meta-analysis revealed that, despite a lower risk of death compared with patients in FC III or IV, those with FC I or II PAH were not low risk as defined by PAH treatment guidelines with a 7% one-year morality rate.

• #12

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7691927/

  This mortality risk increased substantially to 22% at three years. […] Together, these two analyses establish that some patients with FC I or II PAH are at a higher risk of death or worsening of PAH and medical therapy for PAH may offer considerable clinical benefit in such patients. […] The observed considerable mortality rate in FC I or II patients and a favorable response to medical therapies support the current treatment guidelines that even FC I or II patients require close surveillance and optimization of PAH therapy.

• #13

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7691927/

  Limited data about the long-term prognosis and response to therapy in pulmonary arterial hypertension patients with World Health Organization functional class I/II symptoms are available. […] Survival rates for functional class I/II patients at one, two, and three years were 93% (95% confidence interval (CI): 91%95%), 86% (95% CI: 82%89%), and 78% (95% CI: 73%83%), respectively. […] The calculated risk of death of 22% within three years for functional class I/II patients underlines the need for careful assessment and optimal treatment of patients with functional class I/II disease. […] Despite recent advances in medical therapy for patients with PAH, mortality remains high and continues to be associated with FC. […] The observational registry meta-analysis revealed that, despite a lower risk of death compared with patients in FC III or IV, those with FC I or II PAH were not low risk as defined by PAH treatment guidelines with a 7% one-year morality rate.

• #14 Development and web deployment of prediction model for pulmonary arterial pressure in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension using machine learning | PLOS One

  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0300716

  Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a disease with a poor prognosis caused by stenosis and occlusion of the pulmonary artery due to an organizing thrombus in the pulmonary artery that ultimately leads to pulmonary hypertension (PH) [1, 2]. PH is defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) of 20 mmHg on right heart catheterization (RHC). […] The mPAP is one of the key indices used for the diagnosis, severity classification, prognosis prediction, and indications for surgery in CTEPH [3, 4]. […] We constructed a prediction model for mPAP in patients with CTEPH with higher accuracy by performing minimally invasive tests. The prediction performance of our model was improved by selecting the optimal machine learning method and combination of explanatory variables. Our prediction model may be useful for predicting the mPAP in patients with CTEPH.

• #15 Development and web deployment of prediction model for pulmonary arterial pressure in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension using machine learning | PLOS One

  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0300716

  Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a disease with a poor prognosis caused by stenosis and occlusion of the pulmonary artery due to an organizing thrombus in the pulmonary artery that ultimately leads to pulmonary hypertension (PH) [1, 2]. PH is defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) of 20 mmHg on right heart catheterization (RHC). […] The mPAP is one of the key indices used for the diagnosis, severity classification, prognosis prediction, and indications for surgery in CTEPH [3, 4]. […] We constructed a prediction model for mPAP in patients with CTEPH with higher accuracy by performing minimally invasive tests. The prediction performance of our model was improved by selecting the optimal machine learning method and combination of explanatory variables. Our prediction model may be useful for predicting the mPAP in patients with CTEPH.

• #16

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12471-020-01467-1

  Pulmonary artery (PA) dilatation is often seen in pulmonary hypertension (PH) and is considered a long-term consequence of elevated pressure. […] Survival is related to the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis and therefore PA diameter might be used to predict prognosis. […] The prognosis of PAH and CTEPH is still poor. Known predictors of survival were confirmed, but PA diameter at diagnosis was not associated with survival in PAH or CTEPH patients. […] Pulmonary artery diameter is not associated with prognosis in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and in chronic thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension. […] The prognosis seems not to have improved in the last 5 years, despite new treatment options. […] Our findings suggest that PA diameter at diagnosis is not predictive for mortality in PAH and CTEPH patients. This study therefore suggests that PA diameter cannot be used for the prognosis of these patients.

• #17 Diastolic Pulmonary Gradient does not Predict Survival in Pulmonary Hypertension due to Left Heart Failure

  https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2015/04/14/10/07/diastolic-pulmonary-gradient-does-not-predict-survival-in-pulmonary-hypertension-due-to-left-heart-failure

  Diastolic Pulmonary Gradient does not Predict Survival in Pulmonary Hypertension due to Left Heart Failure […] Although both an elevated TPG and pulmonary vasculature resistance (PVR) predicted mortality, DPG failed to do so. […] In fact, high DPG in the setting of an elevated PVR had an inverse relation with mortality, most likely identifying a sicker population with higher PCWP and more severe left heart failure. […] Although DPG has limited prognostic value, this does not necessarily preclude the possibility that it may be diagnostically useful to identify patients with true pulmonary vascular disease. […] PVR which includes flow assessment, is a better predictor of mortality in individuals with PH-LHD, but may also incompletely describe total RV load. […] Pulmonary artery compliance (PAC, defined as stroke volume divided by [systolic PAP (sPAP) minus dPAP]) is a more robust measure of total RV load, reflecting both resistive and pulsatile components. It has inversely correlated with mortality in several recent studies of left heart failure patients, even in those patients with normal PVR. […] RV effective arterial elastance (Ea), defined in PH patients as sPAP divided by stroke volume is another lumped parameter of total RV load and may have prognostic value.

• #18 Diastolic Pulmonary Gradient does not Predict Survival in Pulmonary Hypertension due to Left Heart Failure

  https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2015/04/14/10/07/diastolic-pulmonary-gradient-does-not-predict-survival-in-pulmonary-hypertension-due-to-left-heart-failure

  Diastolic Pulmonary Gradient does not Predict Survival in Pulmonary Hypertension due to Left Heart Failure […] Although both an elevated TPG and pulmonary vasculature resistance (PVR) predicted mortality, DPG failed to do so. […] In fact, high DPG in the setting of an elevated PVR had an inverse relation with mortality, most likely identifying a sicker population with higher PCWP and more severe left heart failure. […] Although DPG has limited prognostic value, this does not necessarily preclude the possibility that it may be diagnostically useful to identify patients with true pulmonary vascular disease. […] PVR which includes flow assessment, is a better predictor of mortality in individuals with PH-LHD, but may also incompletely describe total RV load. […] Pulmonary artery compliance (PAC, defined as stroke volume divided by [systolic PAP (sPAP) minus dPAP]) is a more robust measure of total RV load, reflecting both resistive and pulsatile components. It has inversely correlated with mortality in several recent studies of left heart failure patients, even in those patients with normal PVR. […] RV effective arterial elastance (Ea), defined in PH patients as sPAP divided by stroke volume is another lumped parameter of total RV load and may have prognostic value.

• #19 Diastolic Pulmonary Gradient does not Predict Survival in Pulmonary Hypertension due to Left Heart Failure

  https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2015/04/14/10/07/diastolic-pulmonary-gradient-does-not-predict-survival-in-pulmonary-hypertension-due-to-left-heart-failure

  Diastolic Pulmonary Gradient does not Predict Survival in Pulmonary Hypertension due to Left Heart Failure […] Although both an elevated TPG and pulmonary vasculature resistance (PVR) predicted mortality, DPG failed to do so. […] In fact, high DPG in the setting of an elevated PVR had an inverse relation with mortality, most likely identifying a sicker population with higher PCWP and more severe left heart failure. […] Although DPG has limited prognostic value, this does not necessarily preclude the possibility that it may be diagnostically useful to identify patients with true pulmonary vascular disease. […] PVR which includes flow assessment, is a better predictor of mortality in individuals with PH-LHD, but may also incompletely describe total RV load. […] Pulmonary artery compliance (PAC, defined as stroke volume divided by [systolic PAP (sPAP) minus dPAP]) is a more robust measure of total RV load, reflecting both resistive and pulsatile components. It has inversely correlated with mortality in several recent studies of left heart failure patients, even in those patients with normal PVR. […] RV effective arterial elastance (Ea), defined in PH patients as sPAP divided by stroke volume is another lumped parameter of total RV load and may have prognostic value.

• #20 Diastolic Pulmonary Gradient does not Predict Survival in Pulmonary Hypertension due to Left Heart Failure

  https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2015/04/14/10/07/diastolic-pulmonary-gradient-does-not-predict-survival-in-pulmonary-hypertension-due-to-left-heart-failure

  Diastolic Pulmonary Gradient does not Predict Survival in Pulmonary Hypertension due to Left Heart Failure […] Although both an elevated TPG and pulmonary vasculature resistance (PVR) predicted mortality, DPG failed to do so. […] In fact, high DPG in the setting of an elevated PVR had an inverse relation with mortality, most likely identifying a sicker population with higher PCWP and more severe left heart failure. […] Although DPG has limited prognostic value, this does not necessarily preclude the possibility that it may be diagnostically useful to identify patients with true pulmonary vascular disease. […] PVR which includes flow assessment, is a better predictor of mortality in individuals with PH-LHD, but may also incompletely describe total RV load. […] Pulmonary artery compliance (PAC, defined as stroke volume divided by [systolic PAP (sPAP) minus dPAP]) is a more robust measure of total RV load, reflecting both resistive and pulsatile components. It has inversely correlated with mortality in several recent studies of left heart failure patients, even in those patients with normal PVR. […] RV effective arterial elastance (Ea), defined in PH patients as sPAP divided by stroke volume is another lumped parameter of total RV load and may have prognostic value.

• #21 Pulmonary Hypertension Life Expectancy, Outlook, Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/pulmonary-hypertension-prognosis

  Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive, life threatening type of high blood pressure. […] At the moment, theres no readily available cure for PH. […] Its a progressive disease, which means it can advance over time, sometimes much faster for some people than others. […] For many people, PH can lead to significant heart failure, and their overall health can be in great danger. […] Life expectancy will depend on the type of PH you have and the cause of your PH. […] The median survival time after diagnosis for people with group 1 PAH is more than 5 years. […] The other groups all have varied mortality rates. […] According to a 2022 study on trends in the United States, mortality rates for group 2 PH and group 3 PH are higher than those for group 1 PH. […] One 2019 study examined the outlooks of people in a referral center in France.

• #22 Pulmonary Hypertension Life Expectancy, Outlook, Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/pulmonary-hypertension-prognosis

  Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive, life threatening type of high blood pressure. […] At the moment, theres no readily available cure for PH. […] Its a progressive disease, which means it can advance over time, sometimes much faster for some people than others. […] For many people, PH can lead to significant heart failure, and their overall health can be in great danger. […] Life expectancy will depend on the type of PH you have and the cause of your PH. […] The median survival time after diagnosis for people with group 1 PAH is more than 5 years. […] The other groups all have varied mortality rates. […] According to a 2022 study on trends in the United States, mortality rates for group 2 PH and group 3 PH are higher than those for group 1 PH. […] One 2019 study examined the outlooks of people in a referral center in France.

• #23 Pulmonary Hypertension Life Expectancy, Outlook, Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/pulmonary-hypertension-prognosis

  Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive, life threatening type of high blood pressure. […] At the moment, theres no readily available cure for PH. […] Its a progressive disease, which means it can advance over time, sometimes much faster for some people than others. […] For many people, PH can lead to significant heart failure, and their overall health can be in great danger. […] Life expectancy will depend on the type of PH you have and the cause of your PH. […] The median survival time after diagnosis for people with group 1 PAH is more than 5 years. […] The other groups all have varied mortality rates. […] According to a 2022 study on trends in the United States, mortality rates for group 2 PH and group 3 PH are higher than those for group 1 PH. […] One 2019 study examined the outlooks of people in a referral center in France.

• #24 Pulmonary Hypertension Life Expectancy, Outlook, Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/pulmonary-hypertension-prognosis

  Over the years, in comparison with the other groups of PH, the mortality rates for people with group 2 PH and group 3 PH doubled and tripled, respectively. […] People who get care early in the disease process can go on to live normal lives, in both quality and quantity, with the continued guidance and management of a healthcare professional and the team they work with.

• #25 Predictors of hospitalisations for heart failure and mortality in patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with left heart disease: a systematic review | BMJ Open

  https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/4/7/e004843

  PH is almost invariably associated with increased mortality risk in patients with LHD. […] However, effects on hospitalisation risk are yet to be fully characterised; while available evidence on the adverse effects of PH have been derived essentially from Caucasians. […] Patients with PH-LHD have more severe symptoms, worse tolerance to effort, experience higher hospitalisation rates and are more likely to receive an indication of the need for cardiac transplant with major implications for the quality of life of patients and healthcare costs. […] Several studies have reported PH-LHD to be associated with increased mortality, both in patients with systolic dysfunction and those with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). […] The majority of studies included in this review showed that PH is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with LHD, with the more consistent evidence being in those with HF and MR.

• #26 Predictors of hospitalisations for heart failure and mortality in patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with left heart disease: a systematic review | BMJ Open

  https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/4/7/e004843

  PH is almost invariably associated with increased mortality risk in patients with LHD. […] However, effects on hospitalisation risk are yet to be fully characterised; while available evidence on the adverse effects of PH have been derived essentially from Caucasians. […] Patients with PH-LHD have more severe symptoms, worse tolerance to effort, experience higher hospitalisation rates and are more likely to receive an indication of the need for cardiac transplant with major implications for the quality of life of patients and healthcare costs. […] Several studies have reported PH-LHD to be associated with increased mortality, both in patients with systolic dysfunction and those with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). […] The majority of studies included in this review showed that PH is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with LHD, with the more consistent evidence being in those with HF and MR.

• #27

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11263-024-01996-x

  Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in newborns and infants is a complex condition associated with several pulmonary, cardiac, and systemic diseases contributing to morbidity and mortality. […] The PH prognosis is associated with the severity of the disease at diagnosis; thus, delayed treatment decreases the chance of survival. […] Human assessment of PH using echocardiography with the procedures mentioned above is both time-consuming and expertise-demanding, which may delay care to a more advanced stage of illness, potentially decreasing the chance of survival. […] Thus, there is a clear need for an automatic and streamlined method to assist clinicians in assessing PH in newborns. […] The severity plays a key role in the appropriate PH treatment strategy. […] The majority voting is not only helpful to enhance the performance, but it is also useful in case a single view has an unsatisfactory quality for a given subject, a common scenario in many real-world applications.

• #28

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11263-024-01996-x

  Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in newborns and infants is a complex condition associated with several pulmonary, cardiac, and systemic diseases contributing to morbidity and mortality. […] The PH prognosis is associated with the severity of the disease at diagnosis; thus, delayed treatment decreases the chance of survival. […] Human assessment of PH using echocardiography with the procedures mentioned above is both time-consuming and expertise-demanding, which may delay care to a more advanced stage of illness, potentially decreasing the chance of survival. […] Thus, there is a clear need for an automatic and streamlined method to assist clinicians in assessing PH in newborns. […] The severity plays a key role in the appropriate PH treatment strategy. […] The majority voting is not only helpful to enhance the performance, but it is also useful in case a single view has an unsatisfactory quality for a given subject, a common scenario in many real-world applications.

• #29

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11263-024-01996-x

  Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in newborns and infants is a complex condition associated with several pulmonary, cardiac, and systemic diseases contributing to morbidity and mortality. […] The PH prognosis is associated with the severity of the disease at diagnosis; thus, delayed treatment decreases the chance of survival. […] Human assessment of PH using echocardiography with the procedures mentioned above is both time-consuming and expertise-demanding, which may delay care to a more advanced stage of illness, potentially decreasing the chance of survival. […] Thus, there is a clear need for an automatic and streamlined method to assist clinicians in assessing PH in newborns. […] The severity plays a key role in the appropriate PH treatment strategy. […] The majority voting is not only helpful to enhance the performance, but it is also useful in case a single view has an unsatisfactory quality for a given subject, a common scenario in many real-world applications.

• #30

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11263-024-01996-x

  Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in newborns and infants is a complex condition associated with several pulmonary, cardiac, and systemic diseases contributing to morbidity and mortality. […] The PH prognosis is associated with the severity of the disease at diagnosis; thus, delayed treatment decreases the chance of survival. […] Human assessment of PH using echocardiography with the procedures mentioned above is both time-consuming and expertise-demanding, which may delay care to a more advanced stage of illness, potentially decreasing the chance of survival. […] Thus, there is a clear need for an automatic and streamlined method to assist clinicians in assessing PH in newborns. […] The severity plays a key role in the appropriate PH treatment strategy. […] The majority voting is not only helpful to enhance the performance, but it is also useful in case a single view has an unsatisfactory quality for a given subject, a common scenario in many real-world applications.

• #31 Risk Stratification in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Update and Perspectives

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10342910/

  Variation in NT-proBNP levels during idiopathic PAH (iPAH) patient follow-up under treatment is a stronger indicator of transplant-free survival (TFS) than its value at diagnosis. […] The 2022 ESC/ERS guidelines highlight the importance of achieving a low or intermediate-low-risk group during follow-up. […] Consequently, for patients with an intermediate-high-risk profile during follow-up, a modification of treatment is required. […] Achieving or maintaining a low-risk profile during follow-up should represent the therapeutic goal for the vast majority of patients with PAH. […] When maximal medical therapies fail to improve the risk score status, lung transplantation (LT) should be considered as it remains the ultimate therapeutic option in the most severe PAH cases. […] Therefore, it is crucial to define the right moment for LT referral and listing in order to reduce mortality and morbidity.

• #32

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7691927/

  This mortality risk increased substantially to 22% at three years. […] Together, these two analyses establish that some patients with FC I or II PAH are at a higher risk of death or worsening of PAH and medical therapy for PAH may offer considerable clinical benefit in such patients. […] The observed considerable mortality rate in FC I or II patients and a favorable response to medical therapies support the current treatment guidelines that even FC I or II patients require close surveillance and optimization of PAH therapy.

• #33 Pulmonary Hypertension Life Expectancy, Outlook, Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/pulmonary-hypertension-prognosis

  Over the years, in comparison with the other groups of PH, the mortality rates for people with group 2 PH and group 3 PH doubled and tripled, respectively. […] People who get care early in the disease process can go on to live normal lives, in both quality and quantity, with the continued guidance and management of a healthcare professional and the team they work with.

• #34 Development and web deployment of prediction model for pulmonary arterial pressure in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension using machine learning | PLOS One

  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0300716

  Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a disease with a poor prognosis caused by stenosis and occlusion of the pulmonary artery due to an organizing thrombus in the pulmonary artery that ultimately leads to pulmonary hypertension (PH) [1, 2]. PH is defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) of 20 mmHg on right heart catheterization (RHC). […] The mPAP is one of the key indices used for the diagnosis, severity classification, prognosis prediction, and indications for surgery in CTEPH [3, 4]. […] We constructed a prediction model for mPAP in patients with CTEPH with higher accuracy by performing minimally invasive tests. The prediction performance of our model was improved by selecting the optimal machine learning method and combination of explanatory variables. Our prediction model may be useful for predicting the mPAP in patients with CTEPH.

• #35

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11263-024-01996-x

  The PH severity prediction problem is challenging, not only due to the complex task at hand but also because of the data imbalance. […] Our method has the potential to significantly improve the accuracy, reliability, and consistency of PH estimation in newborns, thereby reducing the number of missed or delayed diagnoses of severe PH. […] As the severity of PH determines the urgency of treatment, this, in turn, could improve the prognosis of PH patients by allowing for earlier treatment.

• #36

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11263-024-01996-x

  The PH severity prediction problem is challenging, not only due to the complex task at hand but also because of the data imbalance. […] Our method has the potential to significantly improve the accuracy, reliability, and consistency of PH estimation in newborns, thereby reducing the number of missed or delayed diagnoses of severe PH. […] As the severity of PH determines the urgency of treatment, this, in turn, could improve the prognosis of PH patients by allowing for earlier treatment.

• #37 Diastolic Pulmonary Gradient does not Predict Survival in Pulmonary Hypertension due to Left Heart Failure

  https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2015/04/14/10/07/diastolic-pulmonary-gradient-does-not-predict-survival-in-pulmonary-hypertension-due-to-left-heart-failure

  Diastolic Pulmonary Gradient does not Predict Survival in Pulmonary Hypertension due to Left Heart Failure […] Although both an elevated TPG and pulmonary vasculature resistance (PVR) predicted mortality, DPG failed to do so. […] In fact, high DPG in the setting of an elevated PVR had an inverse relation with mortality, most likely identifying a sicker population with higher PCWP and more severe left heart failure. […] Although DPG has limited prognostic value, this does not necessarily preclude the possibility that it may be diagnostically useful to identify patients with true pulmonary vascular disease. […] PVR which includes flow assessment, is a better predictor of mortality in individuals with PH-LHD, but may also incompletely describe total RV load. […] Pulmonary artery compliance (PAC, defined as stroke volume divided by [systolic PAP (sPAP) minus dPAP]) is a more robust measure of total RV load, reflecting both resistive and pulsatile components. It has inversely correlated with mortality in several recent studies of left heart failure patients, even in those patients with normal PVR. […] RV effective arterial elastance (Ea), defined in PH patients as sPAP divided by stroke volume is another lumped parameter of total RV load and may have prognostic value.

• #38

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12471-020-01467-1

  Pulmonary artery (PA) dilatation is often seen in pulmonary hypertension (PH) and is considered a long-term consequence of elevated pressure. […] Survival is related to the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis and therefore PA diameter might be used to predict prognosis. […] The prognosis of PAH and CTEPH is still poor. Known predictors of survival were confirmed, but PA diameter at diagnosis was not associated with survival in PAH or CTEPH patients. […] Pulmonary artery diameter is not associated with prognosis in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and in chronic thrombo-embolic pulmonary hypertension. […] The prognosis seems not to have improved in the last 5 years, despite new treatment options. […] Our findings suggest that PA diameter at diagnosis is not predictive for mortality in PAH and CTEPH patients. This study therefore suggests that PA diameter cannot be used for the prognosis of these patients.

Zobacz więcej