Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Retractile testicle – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/retractile-testicle/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20377203

  If the testicle is a retractile testicle, it will move relatively easily and won’t immediately move up again. […] Retractile testicles don’t require surgery or other treatment. A retractile testicle is likely to descend on its own before or during puberty. If your son has a retractile testicle, a healthcare professional will monitor any changes in the testicle’s position in annual evaluations to determine if it stays in the scrotum, remains retractile or becomes an ascending testicle.

• #1 Retractile Testicle: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16601-retractile-testicle

  A retractile testicle usually doesn’t require treatment. You can gently move the testicle back into your scrotum by hand. […] In most cases, a retractile testicle will go away without treatment as your child ages usually before or during puberty. […] A healthcare provider may recommend an orchiopexy to treat undescended testicles. An orchiopexy is an outpatient surgery that permanently attaches the testicles to your scrotum so they don’t move. […] The outlook for a retractile testicle is good. Most of the time, a retractile testicle goes away on its own. […] There’s a small risk that a retractile testicle becomes undescended. Your child may need an orchiopexy to treat undescended testicles. The success rate for this surgery is high.

• #1 Retractile testicle | Pediatric urology | Children’s Hospital of Richmond at VCU

  https://www.chrichmond.org/services/urology/conditions-we-treat/retractile-testicle/

  Retractile testicles are caused by a normal reaction to stimulation (a reflex) which results in the testicle moving in and out of the scrotum (the sac of skin that contains the testicle). […] Surgery is not typically recommended for retractile testicle but the child should be examined yearly to assess the condition. […] In some cases, a retractile testicle may become an ascending testicle. An ascending testicle is one that once moved up and down but is now stuck in the “up” position. Surgery is typically recommended in this instance.

• #1 Retractile testis – Sandhurst Urology

  https://sandhursturology.com.au/conditions/retractile-testis/

  Sandhurst Urology offers diagnosis, management, and medical intervention for retractile testis from our clinic in Bendigo. […] Most cases of retractile testis resolve on their own before puberty, benefitting instead from being monitored as a boy grows. Methods used to do so may include: […] Surgery is usually recommended only if the testicle does not remain in the scrotum at least most of the time by puberty or if it does not descend at all (an ascending or acquired undescended testicle). […] Orchidopexy the surgeon separates the testicle and spermatic cord from any nearby tissues that may cause it to retract, then moves the testicle into the scrotum and stitches it into place. This is usually enough to keep the testicle in place, though some more complex cases may require a second procedure. […] Laparoscopy if the doctor cannot palpate the undescended testicle, they may recommend this procedure to determine whether it is present. Depending on the testicles condition, the doctor may use the same procedure to guide it into position or remove it (orchidectomy).

• #1 Treatment for adults with retractile testicles causing discomfort – Austin Vasectomy Center

  https://www.austinvasectomycenter.com/treatment-for-adults-with-retractile-testicles-causing-discomfort/

  Many men suffer from a process known as a hyperactive cremaster muscle reflex. […] Fortunately, there is a very effective minor surgical treatment known as a microsurgical subinguinal cremaster muscle release, which releases this muscle to prevent this vigorous testicular retraction. […] In his series, 100% of men had resolution of testicular retraction with this surgical technique.

• #1 Fixation of a retractile testis | CUH

  https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/fixation-of-a-retractile-testis/

  Division of the muscles in the groin causing retraction and fixation of the testicle in the scrotum. […] Observation, manual manipulation. […] A small incision is made in the groin to free the muscle retracting the testis so that it can be brought down into the scrotum. A second incision is then made in the scrotum to receive the testis where it is anchored to prevent twisting and further retraction. […] You may experience discomfort for a few days after the procedure but painkillers will be given to you to take home. Absorbable stitches are normally used which do not require removal. […] A follow-up outpatient appointment will normally be arranged six to eight weeks after the operation to assess the cosmetic result.

• #1

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/undescended-testicles/treatment/

  Undescended testicles will usually move down into the scrotum naturally by the time your child is 3 to 6 months old. […] If the testicles don’t descend by 6 months, it’s very unlikely they will without treatment. […] In this case, a surgical procedure called an orchidopexy will be recommended to reposition one or both testicles. […] The operation should ideally be carried out before your child’s 12 months old. […] In most cases, if the testicle can be felt in the groin, a simple orchidopexy can be performed. […] This involves first making a cut (incision) in the groin to locate the undescended testicle. […] The testicle is then moved downwards and repositioned in the scrotum through a second incision. […] If the testicle is thought to be higher in the tummy (abdomen), a type of keyhole surgery known as a laparoscopy is sometimes carried out to locate it before it’s repositioned.

• #1 Undescended and Retractile Testicles – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/comer/conditions-services/urology/undescended-retractile-testicles

  Your child will have his first appointment one month after surgery and additional follow-up as needed. […] Your child cannot swim or take a tub bath for one week after surgery. […] Your child also cannot take part in contact sports, biking, straddling toys, or gym class until after the follow-up appointment.

• #1 Retractile Testis: What is it, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

  https://dreminozbek.com/en/retractile-testis-what-is-it-causes-diagnosis-and-treatment/

  A retractile testis is a benign and typically temporary condition in which one or both testicles can move back and forth between the scrotum and the inguinal canal. […] Retractile testes should not be confused with undescended testes (cryptorchidism), which is a condition where the testicles fail to descend into the scrotum and remain in the abdomen or inguinal canal. […] It is important to differentiate retractile testis from other testicular conditions through a physical examination by a healthcare professional to ensure proper diagnosis and appropriate management if needed. […] Retractile testis typically does not require treatment in most cases. […] If its determined that treatment or intervention is needed, it would typically depend on the specific circumstances and underlying concerns.

• #1 Retractile Testicle – Doç. Dr. Arif Demirbaş

  https://www.drarifdemirbas.com/en/retractile-testicle

  Retractile testicle is a subtype of undescended testicle but is not a true undescended testicle. While true undescended testicle is a condition that must be treated, it is sufficient for retractile testicle to be followed by urologists. […] If retractile testicle is well monitored and intervened in time, it does not pose a serious risk for testicular cancer and infertility like other undescended testicle subtypes. […] Most of the shy testicles spontaneously descend and settle into the scrotum (sac) as children grow, and this period may last until adolescence. It usually resolves on its own without the need for surgery. However, a small part of it, called 'assending’, settles in the groin instead of the scrotum and requires surgery. […] If intervention is needed during follow-up of retractile (shy) testicles, it must be treated with surgical intervention, just like other types of undescended testicles. Drug treatments used for a while are no longer recommended because their success rate is very low. […] Drug therapy has no place in the treatment of both undescended testicles and retractile, escaping testicles. If necessary, fixation is made by surgery.

• #1 The Undescended Testicle: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2000/1101/p2037.html/1000

  Early diagnosis and management of the undescended testicle are needed to preserve fertility and improve early detection of testicular malignancy. […] Therapy for an undescended testicle should begin between six months and two years of age and may consist of hormone or surgical treatment. […] The rationale for treatment of the undescended testicle is the prevention of potential sequelae. […] Treatment for cryptorchidism can be hormonal, surgical or a combination of the two. […] In the United States, the only hormone labeled for the treatment of cryptorchidism is hCG, which is administered intramuscularly. […] Studies suggest that gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is more effective than hCG in achieving testicular descent. […] The inguinal orchiopexy is a well-established operation for the palpable undescended testicle. […] Orchiopexy should be performed by urologists who are well versed in the surgical procedure and the management of complications. […] Surgery for the nonpalpable testicle is diagnostic and potentially therapeutic.

• #1

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/undescended-testicles/treatment/

  As with any type of surgery, an orchidopexy carries the risk of complications, some of which may need to be treated with further surgery. […] Possible side effects and complications of an orchidopexy include: bleeding, swelling or bruising where the incisions were made; the wound becoming infected; the testicle moving up into the groin again; the blood supply not being able to sustain the testicle in its new position, which causes it to wither away (testicular atrophy); damage to the tube connecting the testicle to the urethra (vas deferens), which can make it difficult for semen to pass through. […] In general, complication rates are low. The main risk is loss (atrophy) of the testicle.

• #1 Cryptorchidism – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470270/

  For palpable undescended testes, performing an inguinal or scrotal orchiopexy is recommended. […] A typical diagnostic challenge involves differentiating a retractile testicle from a testicle that does not spontaneously descend into the scrotum. […] According to the AUA guidelines, a retractile testis is described as initially located outside the scrotum or easily movable out of it, typically associated with the cremasteric reflex.

• #1 Undescended testicle repair: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003002.htm

  Undescended testicle repair is surgery to correct testicles that have not dropped down into the correct position in the scrotum. […] Undescended testicle repair surgery is recommended for males whose testicles do not descend on their own. […] An undescended testicle is different from a „retractile” testicle. In this condition, the testicle drops into the scrotum and then pulls back. Retractile testicles do not need surgery.

• #1 Retractile Testis: What is it, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

  https://dreminozbek.com/en/retractile-testis-what-is-it-causes-diagnosis-and-treatment/

  In general, if retractile testis is properly diagnosed and confirmed, it typically does not require treatment, as it is a benign and temporary condition. […] Hormonal therapy is typically not needed for retractile testis. […] Retractile testis is a condition where one or both testicles can move between the scrotum and the inguinal canal. It is typically a benign and temporary variation of testicular position and function, often responding to factors like cold temperature, stress, or fear. This condition does not usually cause pain or discomfort and is considered normal. Accurate diagnosis by a healthcare professional is important to distinguish it from other testicular conditions. In most cases, no treatment is required, and monitoring can help ensure testicular health.

• #1 Retractile testicle

  https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/r/retractile-testicle2/

  Retractile testicles don’t require surgery or other treatment. A retractile testicle is likely to descend on its own before or during puberty. If your son has a retractile testicle, your son’s doctor will monitor any changes in the testicle’s position in annual evaluations to determine if it stays in the scrotum, remains retractile or becomes an ascending testicle. […] If there is any question about the diagnosis or need for immediate treatment, you might be referred to a doctor who specializes in urinary disorders and problems with male genitals in children (pediatric urologist).

• #2 Retractile Testicle: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16601-retractile-testicle

  A retractile testicle usually doesn’t require treatment. You can gently move the testicle back into your scrotum by hand. […] In most cases, a retractile testicle will go away without treatment as your child ages usually before or during puberty. […] A healthcare provider may recommend an orchiopexy to treat undescended testicles. An orchiopexy is an outpatient surgery that permanently attaches the testicles to your scrotum so they don’t move. […] The outlook for a retractile testicle is good. Most of the time, a retractile testicle goes away on its own. […] There’s a small risk that a retractile testicle becomes undescended. Your child may need an orchiopexy to treat undescended testicles. The success rate for this surgery is high.

• #2 Retractile Testicles | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/retractile-testicles

  If your child has retractile testicles, he should be examined by a physician with yearly physical examinations. […] If there are any concerns about the position of your childs testicles he should be seen by a urologist. […] Surgery is not recommended.

• #2 Retractile Testicles | United Urology

  https://www.unitedurology.com/conditions-treatments/pediatric-urology/retractile-testicles/

  Retractile testicles function normally and typically do not require treatment, as it will resolve on its own as the child matures into puberty. […] Your childs pediatrician will perform regular testicular exams at birth and at each well child exam to ensure that the testicle is in its proper place in the scrotum. […] If the physician discovers that a retractile testes exists, the doctor will be able to draw it back down into the scrotum.

• #2 Retractile testicle | Pediatric urology | Children’s Hospital of Richmond at VCU

  https://www.chrichmond.org/services/urology/conditions-we-treat/retractile-testicle/

  Retractile testicles are caused by a normal reaction to stimulation (a reflex) which results in the testicle moving in and out of the scrotum (the sac of skin that contains the testicle). […] Surgery is not typically recommended for retractile testicle but the child should be examined yearly to assess the condition. […] In some cases, a retractile testicle may become an ascending testicle. An ascending testicle is one that once moved up and down but is now stuck in the “up” position. Surgery is typically recommended in this instance.

• #2 Retractile Testicles | Children’s Hospital Colorado

  https://www.childrenscolorado.org/conditions-and-advice/conditions-and-symptoms/conditions/retractile-testicles/

  A retractile testicle is a condition in which one or both testicles are not located in the base of the scrotum as expected. A retractile testicle moves back and forth between the scrotum and the groin. […] Treatment for a retractile testicle is usually not needed. At Children’s Hospital Colorado, we prefer to evaluate your child periodically to ensure that his testicle is in the scrotum. Your child’s primary care doctor will also evaluate your child’s during regular wellness exams. […] Treatment may be needed if a retractile testicle becomes an undescended testicle. The treatment for an undescended testicle is a surgery called orchiopexy. […] If your child does need treatment for his retractile testicle, our urology surgeons offer exceptional outcomes and expert pediatric care.

• #2 Surgical Management of the Adult Symptomatic Retractile Testicle – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27765589/

  Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of circumferential cremasteric lysis in the treatment of adult symptomatic retractile testicles. […] Conclusion: In this limited retrospective study, we demonstrated that circumferential lysis of the cremasteric muscle through a small subinguinal incision is a safe and effective minimally invasive procedure for physical activity-precipitated painful retractile testicular pain.

• #2 Testicular Retraction: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/mens-health/testicular-retraction

  In most cases, no treatment is needed for testicular retraction. The condition will go away around the time puberty begins, if not before. […] If a retractile testicle becomes an ascending testicle, then surgery may be necessary to move the testicle into the scrotum permanently. The procedure is called orchiopexy. […] During the procedure, the surgeon detaches the testicle and the spermatic cord, which is attached to and protects the testicle from any surrounding tissue in the groin. The testicle is then moved into the scrotum.

• #2 Undescended and Retractile Testicles – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/comer/conditions-services/urology/undescended-retractile-testicles

  At the University of Chicago Medicine Comer Children’s Hospital, our experienced team provides expert care and treatment for children with undescended or retractile testicles. […] If the testicles do not move down on their own, your child will need surgery. […] In some cases, retractile testis become undescended testicles and surgery is needed. […] When surgery is needed, our renowned pediatric urologist performs a procedure called an orchiopexy (or orchidopexy) to bring one or both of the testicles down into the scrotum. […] Orchiopexy can be done in one or two stages using open or laparoscopic (minimally invasive) surgical techniques, depending on the location of the testicles. […] Surgery is done under general anesthesia. This will make your childs whole body go to sleep, and he will not feel any pain or have any memory of it.

• #2 Undescended Testicles (Cryptorchidism): Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17594-undescended-testicles

  If the testicles dont descend after six months, your child may need surgery or hormone therapy. […] An orchiopexy is the gold-standard undescended testicle treatment. During an orchiopexy, a surgeon will make a small cut (incision) in your childs groin and locate the undescended testicles in the abdomen. […] If your childs testicles havent dropped by the time theyre 6 months old, talk to a healthcare provider about treatment. If your child needs an orchiopexy, providers recommend they get it between 12 and 24 months of age. […] If testicles dont drop into the scrotum, they may not function properly or produce healthy sperm. They can cause infertility later in life. […] Surgery to fix undescended testicles has a high success rate about 98% effective. […] Retractile testicles usually go away without treatment by the time your child reaches puberty.

• #2 Reddit – The heart of the internet

  https://www.reddit.com/r/TooAfraidToAsk/comments/1bsmsgt/has_anyone_received_surgery_for_retractile/

  I’ve been recently inquiring into the possibility of treatment, and read about a very minor surgery that seems to result in 100% resolution of cases of involuntary testis retraction called: microsurgical subinguinal cremaster muscle release. […] Has anyone ever got treatment for this condition of has any relevant feedback or experiences to share?

• #2 Undescended Testes | UCSF Department of Urology

  https://urology.ucsf.edu/patient-care/children/genital-anomalies/undescended-testes

  The most effective treatment is surgical correction (orchiopexy). The ideal timing for surgery is around 1 year of age. If the testicle has not descended by one year of age, it is unlikely to descend as the child gets older. […] If the undescended testicle is located in the groin area, a surgeon makes a small incision in that area, frees the testes from any constraining tissue and then sutures it into place in the scrotum, using a small scrotal incision. […] If the testicle is in the abdomen, it is repositioned in the scrotum using a laparoscopic procedure. […] Surgical correction is performed in the outpatient surgery center and your child will be able to go home on the same day of surgery. Your child will typically want to take it easy for the first few days after surgery. Once your child feels up to it they may gradually resume regular activity. This usually occurs within about a week. Your child should wait to resume strenuous activity such as swimming, gymnastics, or ball playing for 2 weeks after surgery.

• #2 Fixation of a retractile testis | CUH

  https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/fixation-of-a-retractile-testis/

  Division of the muscles in the groin causing retraction and fixation of the testicle in the scrotum. […] Observation, manual manipulation. […] A small incision is made in the groin to free the muscle retracting the testis so that it can be brought down into the scrotum. A second incision is then made in the scrotum to receive the testis where it is anchored to prevent twisting and further retraction. […] You may experience discomfort for a few days after the procedure but painkillers will be given to you to take home. Absorbable stitches are normally used which do not require removal. […] A follow-up outpatient appointment will normally be arranged six to eight weeks after the operation to assess the cosmetic result.

• #2 Retractile Testis: What is it, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

  https://dreminozbek.com/en/retractile-testis-what-is-it-causes-diagnosis-and-treatment/

  In general, if retractile testis is properly diagnosed and confirmed, it typically does not require treatment, as it is a benign and temporary condition. […] Hormonal therapy is typically not needed for retractile testis. […] Retractile testis is a condition where one or both testicles can move between the scrotum and the inguinal canal. It is typically a benign and temporary variation of testicular position and function, often responding to factors like cold temperature, stress, or fear. This condition does not usually cause pain or discomfort and is considered normal. Accurate diagnosis by a healthcare professional is important to distinguish it from other testicular conditions. In most cases, no treatment is required, and monitoring can help ensure testicular health.

• #2 Retractile Testicle – Doç. Dr. Arif Demirbaş

  https://www.drarifdemirbas.com/en/retractile-testicle

  Retractile testicle is a subtype of undescended testicle but is not a true undescended testicle. While true undescended testicle is a condition that must be treated, it is sufficient for retractile testicle to be followed by urologists. […] If retractile testicle is well monitored and intervened in time, it does not pose a serious risk for testicular cancer and infertility like other undescended testicle subtypes. […] Most of the shy testicles spontaneously descend and settle into the scrotum (sac) as children grow, and this period may last until adolescence. It usually resolves on its own without the need for surgery. However, a small part of it, called 'assending’, settles in the groin instead of the scrotum and requires surgery. […] If intervention is needed during follow-up of retractile (shy) testicles, it must be treated with surgical intervention, just like other types of undescended testicles. Drug treatments used for a while are no longer recommended because their success rate is very low. […] Drug therapy has no place in the treatment of both undescended testicles and retractile, escaping testicles. If necessary, fixation is made by surgery.

• #2 Retractile testicle // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/retractile-testicle

  Retractile testicles don’t require surgery or other treatment. A retractile testicle is likely to descend on its own before or during puberty. […] If your son has a retractile testicle, a healthcare professional will monitor any changes in the testicle’s position in annual evaluations to determine if it stays in the scrotum, remains retractile or becomes an ascending testicle.

• #2 Undescended Testicle Repair – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/undescended-testicle-repair

  Undescended testicle repair surgery is recommended for males whose testicles do not descend on their own. […] An undescended testicle is different from a „retractile” testicle. In this condition, the testicle drops into the scrotum and then pulls back. Retractile testicles do not need surgery.

• #2 Retractile testis – Sandhurst Urology

  https://sandhursturology.com.au/conditions/retractile-testis/

  Sandhurst Urology offers diagnosis, management, and medical intervention for retractile testis from our clinic in Bendigo. […] Most cases of retractile testis resolve on their own before puberty, benefitting instead from being monitored as a boy grows. Methods used to do so may include: […] Surgery is usually recommended only if the testicle does not remain in the scrotum at least most of the time by puberty or if it does not descend at all (an ascending or acquired undescended testicle). […] Orchidopexy the surgeon separates the testicle and spermatic cord from any nearby tissues that may cause it to retract, then moves the testicle into the scrotum and stitches it into place. This is usually enough to keep the testicle in place, though some more complex cases may require a second procedure. […] Laparoscopy if the doctor cannot palpate the undescended testicle, they may recommend this procedure to determine whether it is present. Depending on the testicles condition, the doctor may use the same procedure to guide it into position or remove it (orchidectomy).

• #3 Retractile testicle | Pediatric urology | Children’s Hospital of Richmond at VCU

  https://www.chrichmond.org/services/urology/conditions-we-treat/retractile-testicle/

  Retractile testicles are caused by a normal reaction to stimulation (a reflex) which results in the testicle moving in and out of the scrotum (the sac of skin that contains the testicle). […] Surgery is not typically recommended for retractile testicle but the child should be examined yearly to assess the condition. […] In some cases, a retractile testicle may become an ascending testicle. An ascending testicle is one that once moved up and down but is now stuck in the “up” position. Surgery is typically recommended in this instance.

• #3 Retractile testicle // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/retractile-testicle

  Retractile testicles don’t require surgery or other treatment. A retractile testicle is likely to descend on its own before or during puberty. […] If your son has a retractile testicle, a healthcare professional will monitor any changes in the testicle’s position in annual evaluations to determine if it stays in the scrotum, remains retractile or becomes an ascending testicle.

• #3 Retractile Testicles | Children’s Hospital Colorado

  https://www.childrenscolorado.org/conditions-and-advice/conditions-and-symptoms/conditions/retractile-testicles/

  A retractile testicle is a condition in which one or both testicles are not located in the base of the scrotum as expected. A retractile testicle moves back and forth between the scrotum and the groin. […] Treatment for a retractile testicle is usually not needed. At Children’s Hospital Colorado, we prefer to evaluate your child periodically to ensure that his testicle is in the scrotum. Your child’s primary care doctor will also evaluate your child’s during regular wellness exams. […] Treatment may be needed if a retractile testicle becomes an undescended testicle. The treatment for an undescended testicle is a surgery called orchiopexy. […] If your child does need treatment for his retractile testicle, our urology surgeons offer exceptional outcomes and expert pediatric care.

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