Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Preventing Pinworm Infection | Pinworm Infection | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/pinworm/prevention/index.html

  Washing your hands with soap and warm water is the most important way to prevent the spread of pinworms. […] Teach children the importance of washing their hands. […] To prevent repeat infections, treat the person infected with pinworms, their caretakers, and members of their household, at the same time. […] Wash hands often with soap and warm water. This is especially important after using the toilet, after changing diapers, after touching people who have pinworm or after handling items they have used, and before handling food. […] Avoid scratching the area around the anus and avoid biting nails. […] Keep fingernails clean and short. Trim and scrub them after treatment. […] Bathe every morning and change underwear to help remove pinworm eggs deposited overnight. […] Change the affected person’s clothes, (night clothes and underwear), washcloths, towels, and bedding often. Avoid shaking them.

• #1 How to Prevent Pinworm – Consumer ReportsConsumer ReportsSearchAccount InformationAccount InformationFavoritesFavoritesFavoritesSave products iconSavings iconBest time to buy iconRecall tracker iconTV screen optimizer iconSavings iconBest time to buy icon

  https://www.consumerreports.org/medical-conditions/how-to-prevent-pinworm/

  Pinworm, or Enterobius vermicularis, is an itch-inducing parasite and the most prevalent worm infection in the U.S., affecting millions of children, of all socioeconomic backgrounds, each year. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that up to 50 percent of school-age children could be infected with pinworm at some point. […] To keep you and your children safe from pinworm, it’s best to take precautions. The most important: Wash your hands, especially after using the toilet or changing diapers, and before handling food. It’s the most effective way of preventing pinworm. […] „As with so many infectious diseases, proper hand hygiene is the most important means of preventing the spread of infection,” says Mary Anne Jackson, M.D., director of the Division of Infectious Diseases at Children’s Mercy Hospital in Kansas City, Missouri. „Proper handwashing includes using friction and rotary action for 15 seconds, including the palms, back of hands, wrists and fingernails.”

• #1 Pinworm infection // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/pinworm-infection

  Pinworm eggs can cling to surfaces, including toys, faucets, bedding and toilet seats, for two weeks. So besides regular cleaning of surfaces, methods to help prevent the spread of pinworm eggs or to prevent reinfection include: […] Wash in the morning. Because pinworms lay their eggs at night, washing the anal area in the morning can help reduce the number of pinworm eggs on your body. Showering may help avoid possible re-contamination in bath water. […] Change underwear and bedding daily. This helps remove eggs. […] Launder in hot water. Wash bedsheets, pajamas, underwear, washcloths and towels in hot water to help kill pinworm eggs. Dry on high heat. […] Don’t scratch. Avoid scratching the anal area. Trim your child’s fingernails so there’s less space for eggs to collect. Suggest that your child avoid biting his or her nails. […] Wash your hands. To reduce your risk of getting or spreading an infection, wash your hands well after using the toilet or changing a diaper and before eating.

• #1 Pinworms: Infection, Symptoms, Treatment, Prevention

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/pinworms-infection

  Don’t scratch your anal area. Use an anti-itch medicine, if needed, to prevent itching. […] Wash your anal area from front to back every morning to reduce the number of eggs on your body. Shower instead of taking a bath because you could get reinfected in bath water. […] Change your underwear, towels, and bed linens each day. This helps remove eggs. […] Wash bedsheets, nightclothes, underwear, washcloths, and towels in water that’s at least 130 F to kill pinworm eggs. Dry these items on high heat. The heat will kill pinworm eggs. […] Don’t share towels or other personal items. […] Trim your child’s nails so there’s less space for eggs to collect. Scrub their nails clean. […] […] […] Takeaways […] Pinworm infections are very common in school-aged children. Signs that your child has a pinworm infection include if they’re itching around their anus or vagina, feeling irritable, and having belly pain. Prescription and nonprescription medicines treat pinworm infections. Everyone in your household may need treatment. To prevent the infection from spreading within your household, clean the affected area daily, wash underwear and bedding in hot water, and don’t share towels or other personal items.

• #1 Preventing Pinworm Infection | Pinworm Infection | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/pinworm/prevention/index.html

  Handle those items carefully and wash them in hot water, at least 130F. Dry them in a hot dryer. The heat will help kill pinworm eggs. […] It is especially important that everyone in the household follow these steps for two weeks after the last treatment dose to prevent further spread. Repeat infections are common, especially among household members or playmates at a childcare center or school.

• #1 EMVERM® (mebendazole)—Protecting Your Home Against Pinworm

  https://www.emverm.com/protection-against-pinworm/

  Change and wash underwear, pajamas, towels, and bed sheets daily. Pinworm eggs can contaminate clothing and bedding. […] Do NOT shake out towels or bed sheets. The tiny eggs can become airborne and inhaled or deposited onto food and swallowed, which can spread the infection. Consider wearing a surgical mask when cleaning to avoid breathing in eggs. […] Clean the bedroom floor by vacuuming or damp mopping. Avoid dry sweeping that may stir up dust. […] Disinfect doorknobs, toilet seats, furniture, countertops, cell phones, remote controls, and other shared surfaces the infected person may have touched, as eggs can survive up to 3 weeks on indoor surfaces.

• #1 Pinworms: Infection, Symptoms, Treatment, Prevention

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/pinworms-infection

  How to Prevent Pinworms […] Pinworm eggs can live on hard surfaces and in your clothes and bedding for two to three weeks. In addition to your regular household cleaning, you’ll want to take these steps to stop the spread: […] Wash your hands with soap and water, especially after using the bathroom, touching someone who has a pinworm infection, or changing diapers and before handling food. Teach your kids and everyone else in your house to do the same. Hand washing is the best way to prevent pinworms from spreading. […] Don’t bathe with anyone or share towels during treatment and for two weeks after the final treatment. […] Discourage nail biting. […] […] […] How to prevent pinworms from spreading […] If you or your child has an active pinworm infection, prevent it from spreading by following these steps for two weeks after the last treatment dose:

• #1 Pinworms

  https://www.seattlechildrens.org/conditions/a-z/pinworms/

  Keep the fingernails cut short, because eggs can collect here. […] Each morning, give your child a shower during the 2 weeks of treatment. […] Vacuum or wet-mop your child’s bedroom once a week. […] Have the infected child wear underwear at night during the 2 weeks of treatment. […] Wash clothes and bedding at a hot temperature. This will kill any eggs left in them. […] Children with pinworms do not need to miss any child care or school. […] Remember! Contact your doctor if you or your child develop any „Contact Your Doctor” symptoms.

• #1 Pinworms: Treatment, Prevention and When to See a Doctor | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/pinworms-treatment-and-prevention

  Wipe down any toys that your child usually puts in his mouth or hard surfaces that he has touched with disinfectant or soap and water. […] Change bed linens and put clean underwear and clothes on every day. Avoid shaking these things so that eggs are not put into the air. […] Promptly wash used bed linen, all clothing, towels and washcloths in hot water with detergent. […] Vacuum carpets and floors well. Wash the canister or change the vacuum cleaners bag after each use. Seal the bag before throwing it away. […] Wash any raw vegetables or fruits thoroughly before eating. […] Call your child’s school or childcare center so that they can take extra steps to prevent the spread to others. Your child can return to school or childcare 24 hours after treatment.

• #1 Pinworm infection | HealthUnit Haldimand-Norfolk

  https://hnhu.org/health-topic/pinworm-infection/

  Pinworms can come back if your child comes into contact with pinworm eggs again. They can stay alive in your home for up to 2 to 3 weeks. […] Make sure everyone in your family washes their hands carefully after going to the toilet, changing diapers, and before preparing or eating food. […] Wash your bed linens and clothes. Dont shake them because this can scatter the eggs. […] Keep everyones fingernails short and avoid nail-biting. […] The eggs are sensitive to sunlight. Open blinds or curtains in bedrooms during the day when your child isnt sleeping.

• #1 Pinworm (Enterobiasis) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Long-Term Monitoring, Deterrence/Prevention

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/225652-treatment

  The entire household should be treated simultaneously. Treatment is much more effective if the child’s family and classmates are treated at the same time. Washing sheets, clothes, and towels in a washing machine using regular laundry soap can eliminate pinworm eggs. […] Because pinworm eggs may become airborne, it is difficult to prevent the infection if it occurs in a group such as kindergartens, primary schools, and orphanages. Furthermore, the family members can be infected easily if any one member is infected. Thefore, treatment of the group or family is necessary for the prevention of further transmission. Personal hygiene, including hand-washing after the defecation and before meals is the best personal preventive method. Frequent cleaning of the space is the best way to prevent the transmission of E vermicularis egg in a group environment.

• #1 Pinworm Infection

  https://health.ny.gov/diseases/communicable/pinworm/fact_sheet.htm

  Pinworm infection may cause: Itching around the anal area, difficulty sleeping and irritability. […] Treating pinworms involves either prescription or over-the-counter drugs. Consult a health care provider before treating a suspected pinworm infection. Follow these treatment steps: The infected person should take the medicine orally. It is given in two doses. The second dose should be given two weeks after the first. […] How can pinworm infection and reinfection be prevented? Wash hands and under fingernails frequently. Encourage children to avoid scratching their bare anal areas. Pinworm eggs continue to be present (excreted) in the feces of an infected person for up to a week after the treatment, so precautions should be taken to prevent reinfection by washing hands thoroughly, especially under the nails. Bathe daily. Change and wash clothing and bedding frequently.

• #1 The Diagnosis and Treatment of Pinworm Infection (29.03.2019)

  https://di.aerzteblatt.de/int/archive/article/206305

  In nearly all cases, antihelminthic treatment along with attention to hygienic measures can successfully eradicate pinworm infection and prevent recurrence and autoinfection. […] All individuals included in treatment should also be informed about the clinical picture and modes of transmission of enterobiasis and encouraged to take special preventive measures during treatment. […] These include thorough hand-washing before meals and after using the toilet, avoiding scratching in the anogenital area and anus-finger-mouth contact, daily washing of the genital region (from front to back), regular changes of underwear and sleeping garments, as well as strictly exclusive use of towels and flannels by the same person. […] Hygiene measures over and above these are not beneficial. […] In the case of chronic recurrent infection, simultaneously treating all (including asymptomatic) members of a household has proved a successful approach. […] Treatment-refractory cases or multiple recurrences can be managed with repeat treatment (pulse regimen): Patients and all household members or sexual partners receive a single dose of preferably mebendazole every 14 days for a period of 16 weeks.

• #1 Clinical Overview of Pinworm infection | Pinworm Infection | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/pinworm/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html

  In addition to treatment, strict adherence to proper hand hygiene is the most effective way to prevent pinworm infection and spread. Advise household members and other contacts (school and playmates) to also follow good hygiene practices, including recommendations for bathing and laundering of clothing and bedding. […] Control can be difficult in childcare centers, schools, and other facilities because the rate of repeat infections is high. In facilities or institutions, mass and simultaneous treatment, repeated in two weeks, can be effective.

• #1 Pinworms in Kids: Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention | Kids Peds

  https://www.kidspeds.com/pinworms-in-kids-causes-symptoms-treatment-prevention/

  Pinworm infection is caused by tiny parasites that can cause unsettling disruptions in the sleep, appetite, and daily routines of your child. […] The good news is that pinworm infections are easily treatable, preventable, and rarely dangerous when handled properly. […] Understanding the cause of pinworms is the first step in preventing them. […] Common transmission methods include: Ingesting pinworm eggs after touching contaminated surfaces like toys, bedding, or toilet seats. […] Its suggested to keep your kids nails trimmed to avoid the chances of getting infected. […] Its important for schools to implement strict hygiene protocols and pinworm prevention tips as children are more susceptible to pinworms because of their close interactions and developing hygiene habits. […] Effective pinworm treatment for kids typically involves over-the-counter medicine for pinworms.

• #1 Is pinworm infection still a public health concern among children in resource-rich regions? Trends in pinworm infection prevalence and associated factors among children in Hualien County, Taiwan: a retrospective cross-sectional study | BMC Public Health |

  https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-022-14641-4

  Screening and eradication with mebendazole are the main policy interventions for pinworm infection in Taiwan, which led to a prominent declining trend of pinworm infection in recent decades. […] Therefore, it might be necessary to adjust the screening group policy in the hot pinworm zone. […] Further, we should make efforts to educate children in the red pinworm infection zones on sensitive issues such as adequate hand hygiene to prevent the spread of pinworm infection.

• #1 Pinworm | Texas DSHS

  https://www.dshs.texas.gov/pinworm

  Pinworm infection is treatable with over-the-counter or prescription medication, but reinfection, which occurs easily, should be prevented. […] Since the infected person’s hands will, invariably, be contaminated with eggs, teaching small children good handwashing habits, particularly before eating and after using the toilet, helps prevent reinfection and spreading the eggs to others. […] When someone in the family has been diagnosed with pinworms, all the sheets, blankets, towels, and clothing in the house should be washed in hot water and dried in the hottest possible setting. […] Clean and vacuum living and sleeping areas weekly for the next one to two weeks after treatment. […] When a child is diagnosed with a pinworm infection, notify his or her daycare center. The facility will inform you about the policies regarding attending daycare and pinworm infection.

• #1 Worms

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Worms/

  Keep your child’s fingernails clean and trimmed. Try to stop your child from biting their nails or sucking their thumb. […] Have your child wash their hands and under their nails thoroughly after going to the toilet. […] Wash your child’s bedding, towels and toys in hot water. […] Vacuum your floor often to remove any eggs. […] Clean surfaces in your house that your children may touch, in particular door handles. […] Discourage your child from eating food that has fallen on the floor. […] There are precautions to prevent threadworm spreading and reinfecting.

• #1

  https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/pinworms

  Cut fingernails short. […] Vacuum the home thoroughly, especially the bedrooms including the mattress, floors and toys. Vacuuming needs to be regular and thorough throughout the six-week period. […] Damp-dust surfaces in the kitchen and bathroom, washing the cloth often in hot water regularly. […] Open curtains in bedrooms during the day as the eggs are sensitive to light. […] Do not co-shower or co-bathe with other family members. […] Do not share towels or flannels. […] Do not shake things that may have eggs on them, such as clothing, pyjamas, bed linen, or towels, in order to prevent eggs from spreading through the air. […] Do not eat in the bedroom. There is a risk of swallowing eggs that have shaken off the bedclothes. […] Refrain from nail biting and finger sucking for every member of the household. […] When the infestation has gone, good hand-washing practice and hygiene will help prevent re-infection. Good hygiene can prevent another outbreak even if children pick up another pinworm infection from friends at school.

• #1 CDC – Enterobiasis – Prevention & Control

  http://medbox.iiab.me/modules/en-cdc/www.cdc.gov/parasites/pinworm/prevent.html

  Washing your hands with soap and warm water after using the toilet, changing diapers, and before handling food is the most successful way to prevent pinworm infection. […] In order to stop the spread of pinworm and possible re-infection, people who are infected should bathe every morning to help remove a large amount of the eggs on the skin. […] Showering is a better method than taking a bath, because showering avoids potentially contaminating the bath water with pinworm eggs. […] Infected people should not co-bathe with others during their time of infection. […] Also, infected people should comply with good hygiene practices such as washing their hands with soap and warm water after using the toilet, changing diapers, and before handling food. […] Frequent changing of underclothes and bed linens first thing in the morning is a great way to prevent possible transmission of eggs in the environment and risk of reinfection.

• #1

  https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/pinworms

  Everyone in a household with pinworms must adhere to the following: […] Wash your hands thoroughly and frequently with soap and water, and scrub under the fingernails. Before eating, after going to the toilet, and after changing diapers, make sure to wash hands. […] At night, wear close-fitting underwear. Be sure to change underwear every morning. Wash underwear hot water 40 0C. Use a hot iron to iron the underwear. […] Wear cotton gloves, which may help prevent scratching during sleep. […] Shower every morning and change underwear daily. This helps removes a large proportion of eggs. During showers, thoroughly clean the body, paying particular attention to the anal and vaginal areas. Showering is preferred to avoid contaminating bath water. […] Wash towels, bedding and cuddly toys in hot water 400C especially after each treatment of the infected person and after each usage of washcloths until infection is cleared.

• #1 Pinworms: Treatment, Prevention and When to See a Doctor | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/pinworms-treatment-and-prevention

  It is easy to be reinfected with pinworms or spread them to others. During treatment and for 2 weeks after treatment is finished, do the following: […] Hand washing is most important. Have your child and all family members wash their hands often. They should wash before meals or eating, after using the toilet and after scratching. This is a good habit to do at all times. […] Keep your child’s fingernails clean and cut as short as possible. […] Teach your child to avoid touching his mouth or biting his fingernails. […] Have your child shower or bathe every morning. […] Do not let children bathe together or share items. […] Clean the anus with soap and water after each bowel movement. Use clean washcloths or paper towels each time. […] Scrub the toilet seat daily with disinfectant or soap and water.

• #1 Enterobius Vermicularis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536974/

  Pinworm infestation usually occurs in children. Transmission is via direct contact with contaminated items or even during sexual contact. Most infections are asymptomatic. While the cure rate is high, recurrences are common. […] Risk factors for pinworms include poor hygiene, eating after touching contaminated items and living with an individual who is identified as egg positive. […] Preventive strategies recommended are: Washing hands regularly, particularly before eating and after changing diapers. Taking a bath early in the morning to prevent egg contamination should be encouraged in at-risk patients. Trimming of fingernails should be encouraged. Children should be advised to avoid sucking their fingers and touching their perianal area. […] Patients should be educated on the need to maintain hygiene and wash their hands regularly to prevent the spread of infection and reinfection. […] Enterobiasis can cause recurrent reinfection, so treating the entire household, whether symptomatic or not is recommended to prevent a recurrence. […] A coordinated team approach to care and followup will provide the best results.

• #1 The Diagnosis and Treatment of Pinworm Infection

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6522669/

  In nearly all cases, antihelminthic treatment along with attention to hygienic measures can successfully eradicate pinworm infection and prevent recurrence and autoinfection. […] All individuals included in treatment should also be informed about the clinical picture and modes of transmission of enterobiasis and encouraged to take special preventive measures during treatment. […] These include thorough hand-washing before meals and after using the toilet, avoiding scratching in the anogenital area and anus-finger-mouth contact, daily washing of the genital region, regular changes of underwear and sleeping garments, as well as strictly exclusive use of towels and flannels by the same person. […] Hygiene measures over and above these are not beneficial. […] In the case of chronic recurrent infection, simultaneously treating all (including asymptomatic) members of a household has proved a successful approach.

• #1 Pinworm Infection (Enterobiasis) Prevention and Control

  https://www.emvermhcp.com/contagion-control/

  Infected people should shower in the morning to remove infective pinworm eggs. […] Frequently changing the underclothes, bedclothes, and bedding of an infected person may decrease egg contamination. […] Parents and caregivers should be cautioned not to shake out bed linens, blankets, and towels during an outbreak. […] Specific hygiene measures such as avoiding scratching of the perianal area, practicing good hygiene, and keeping fingernails short may decrease the risk of continued transmission. […] While important, personal hygiene and housecleaning alone are unlikely to stop an outbreak.

• #1 Is pinworm infection still a public health concern among children in resource-rich regions? Trends in pinworm infection prevalence and associated factors among children in Hualien County, Taiwan: a retrospective cross-sectional study | BMC Public Health |

  https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-022-14641-4

  Pinworm infection is transmitted by the fecal-oral route. […] Pinworm infection easily spreads in crowded settings such as home and school. […] Previous studies have identified poor hand hygiene, lower socioeconomic status, and crowded environment as risk factors for pinworm infection. […] The prevalence of childhood pinworm infection in Taiwan declined significantly from 19.9% in 1986 to 2.5% in 2001 under concerted preventive efforts to control pinworm infection by screening school-age children with adhesive cellophane perianal swabs and treating infected children and their family members with mebendazole. […] Pinworm infection remains a major public health concern among children in rural areas of Hualien. […] Appropriate policy intervention for prevention of pinworm infection is important.

• #1 Cary Gastroenterology Associates | Gastrointestinal Pinworms:…

  https://www.carygastro.com/blog/gastrointestinal-pinworms-understanding-prevention-and-treatment

  Pinworm infections can affect anyone, regardless of age or socioeconomic status. However, certain factors and behaviors can significantly increase the likelihood of contracting or spreading these parasites. […] Here are the key components of pinworm treatment: […] Hygiene measures: Strict hygiene practices are crucial during and after treatment. This includes frequent hand washing, keeping nails short and clean, avoiding nail-biting and finger-sucking, wearing clean underwear daily, and bathing or showering in the morning to remove any eggs laid overnight. […] Environmental cleaning: Thorough cleaning of the home environment is essential to remove any eggs and prevent reinfection. This includes washing bedding, clothing, and towels in hot water (at least 54C or 130F), vacuuming carpets and upholstered furniture thoroughly, and cleaning toilet seats and bathroom fixtures daily during treatment.

• #1 Pinworms: A-to-Z Guide from Diagnosis to Treatment to Prevention | DrGreene

  https://www.drgreene.com/articles/pinworms

  This easily transmissible infection is very common in children. It is not a sign of poor hygiene. It is easily spread at home, school, or daycare (pets have no part in the pinworm story). Since most kids experience no ill effects whatsoever, extreme measures to prevent pinworms are not wise. […] I recommend trimming the fingernails, scrubbing the hands (after awakening, before meals especially breakfast and after toileting). These measures have never been proven to help at all, but they still seem like a good idea to me. […] Where pinworms are a constant problem, treating every 3 months may help to prevent re-infestation. Showering in the morning can also help curb re-infection risk. Showering is a better method of washing off eggs than bathing as the eggs can contaminate the bath water. Changing bedsheets, pillows and under garments and washing daily in hot water and drying in a hot dryer during treatment can also help kill the infectious eggs.

• #2 Pinworms: Infection, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/pinworms

  The most common symptom of a pinworm infection is intense itching around the anus. Infections are contagious and can be prevented with handwashing and other hygiene practices. […] The best way to prevent pinworm infections and repeat infections is to follow these hygiene routines and encourage other household members especially children to do the same: Wash your hands carefully with soap and warm water after using the toilet, especially after bowel movements, after changing diapers, and before preparing and eating food. Keep your fingernails short and clean. Avoid habits that could spread pinworm eggs, such as nail biting or scratching, if possible. Shower every morning to remove eggs deposited overnight, if you can. Change your underwear and clothing daily. Use hot water in the washing machine and hot air in the dryer when laundering bedding, clothing, and towels, if possible. […] Since pinworms easily pass from one person to another, all household members of a person with an infection as well as caregivers and anyone else in close contact will likely need treatment to prevent a pinworm infection or reinfection.

• #2 Clinical Overview of Pinworm infection | Pinworm Infection | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/pinworm/hcp/clinical-overview/index.html

  In addition to treatment, strict adherence to proper hand hygiene is the most effective way to prevent pinworm infection and spread. Advise household members and other contacts (school and playmates) to also follow good hygiene practices, including recommendations for bathing and laundering of clothing and bedding. […] Control can be difficult in childcare centers, schools, and other facilities because the rate of repeat infections is high. In facilities or institutions, mass and simultaneous treatment, repeated in two weeks, can be effective.

• #2 How to Prevent Pinworm – Consumer ReportsConsumer ReportsSearchAccount InformationAccount InformationFavoritesFavoritesFavoritesSave products iconSavings iconBest time to buy iconRecall tracker iconTV screen optimizer iconSavings iconBest time to buy icon

  https://www.consumerreports.org/medical-conditions/how-to-prevent-pinworm/

  Pinworm, or Enterobius vermicularis, is an itch-inducing parasite and the most prevalent worm infection in the U.S., affecting millions of children, of all socioeconomic backgrounds, each year. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that up to 50 percent of school-age children could be infected with pinworm at some point. […] To keep you and your children safe from pinworm, it’s best to take precautions. The most important: Wash your hands, especially after using the toilet or changing diapers, and before handling food. It’s the most effective way of preventing pinworm. […] „As with so many infectious diseases, proper hand hygiene is the most important means of preventing the spread of infection,” says Mary Anne Jackson, M.D., director of the Division of Infectious Diseases at Children’s Mercy Hospital in Kansas City, Missouri. „Proper handwashing includes using friction and rotary action for 15 seconds, including the palms, back of hands, wrists and fingernails.”

• #2 CDC – Enterobiasis – Prevention & Control

  http://medbox.iiab.me/modules/en-cdc/www.cdc.gov/parasites/pinworm/prevent.html

  Washing your hands with soap and warm water after using the toilet, changing diapers, and before handling food is the most successful way to prevent pinworm infection. […] In order to stop the spread of pinworm and possible re-infection, people who are infected should bathe every morning to help remove a large amount of the eggs on the skin. […] Showering is a better method than taking a bath, because showering avoids potentially contaminating the bath water with pinworm eggs. […] Infected people should not co-bathe with others during their time of infection. […] Also, infected people should comply with good hygiene practices such as washing their hands with soap and warm water after using the toilet, changing diapers, and before handling food. […] Frequent changing of underclothes and bed linens first thing in the morning is a great way to prevent possible transmission of eggs in the environment and risk of reinfection.

• #2 Home Remedies for Pinworms: Do They Work?

  https://www.healthline.com/health/home-remedies-for-pinworms

  Frequent hand-washing with soap and warm water is the best way to prevent reinfection. You should always wash your hands: […] You may also consider keeping your nails short. Pinworm eggs can become trapped under your nails. You can later ingest them if your hands haven’t been washed properly. Keeping your nails short may help prevent this.

• #2 Pinworms: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.pinworms-care-instructions.ut3181

  A pinworm is a type of parasite that lives in the lower digestive system of humans. […] Pinworm infections can happen to anyone, are spread very easily, and are not related to being unclean. […] If you or someone in your family has pinworms that keep coming back, or if more than one family member is infected, every member of your family or household should be treated. […] Wash your hands well and often. […] Cut your fingernails short, and keep them trimmed. This can prevent eggs from sticking under your nails. […] Wash all clothes, towels, and bedding in hot water. Do this often, and especially on the first day after treatment. Dry them in a heated dryer. […] Do not scratch. Itching around the anus caused by a pinworm infection usually happens at night. Try wearing gloves, pajamas, and close-fitting clothing to help prevent scratching. […] Bathe carefully every day. Be sure to clean the skin around the anus. This will remove pinworm eggs. […] Do not fan or fluff the bedding of a person with pinworms. Doing this can release pinworm eggs into the air. You can swallow eggs that are in the air when you breathe.

• #2 Pinworms: Treatment, Prevention and When to See a Doctor | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/pinworms-treatment-and-prevention

  Wipe down any toys that your child usually puts in his mouth or hard surfaces that he has touched with disinfectant or soap and water. […] Change bed linens and put clean underwear and clothes on every day. Avoid shaking these things so that eggs are not put into the air. […] Promptly wash used bed linen, all clothing, towels and washcloths in hot water with detergent. […] Vacuum carpets and floors well. Wash the canister or change the vacuum cleaners bag after each use. Seal the bag before throwing it away. […] Wash any raw vegetables or fruits thoroughly before eating. […] Call your child’s school or childcare center so that they can take extra steps to prevent the spread to others. Your child can return to school or childcare 24 hours after treatment.

• #2 Pinworms: Infection, Symptoms, Treatment, Prevention

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/pinworms-infection

  Don’t scratch your anal area. Use an anti-itch medicine, if needed, to prevent itching. […] Wash your anal area from front to back every morning to reduce the number of eggs on your body. Shower instead of taking a bath because you could get reinfected in bath water. […] Change your underwear, towels, and bed linens each day. This helps remove eggs. […] Wash bedsheets, nightclothes, underwear, washcloths, and towels in water that’s at least 130 F to kill pinworm eggs. Dry these items on high heat. The heat will kill pinworm eggs. […] Don’t share towels or other personal items. […] Trim your child’s nails so there’s less space for eggs to collect. Scrub their nails clean. […] […] […] Takeaways […] Pinworm infections are very common in school-aged children. Signs that your child has a pinworm infection include if they’re itching around their anus or vagina, feeling irritable, and having belly pain. Prescription and nonprescription medicines treat pinworm infections. Everyone in your household may need treatment. To prevent the infection from spreading within your household, clean the affected area daily, wash underwear and bedding in hot water, and don’t share towels or other personal items.

• #2

  https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/pinworms

  Cut fingernails short. […] Vacuum the home thoroughly, especially the bedrooms including the mattress, floors and toys. Vacuuming needs to be regular and thorough throughout the six-week period. […] Damp-dust surfaces in the kitchen and bathroom, washing the cloth often in hot water regularly. […] Open curtains in bedrooms during the day as the eggs are sensitive to light. […] Do not co-shower or co-bathe with other family members. […] Do not share towels or flannels. […] Do not shake things that may have eggs on them, such as clothing, pyjamas, bed linen, or towels, in order to prevent eggs from spreading through the air. […] Do not eat in the bedroom. There is a risk of swallowing eggs that have shaken off the bedclothes. […] Refrain from nail biting and finger sucking for every member of the household. […] When the infestation has gone, good hand-washing practice and hygiene will help prevent re-infection. Good hygiene can prevent another outbreak even if children pick up another pinworm infection from friends at school.

• #2 Pinworms: Treatment, Prevention and When to See a Doctor | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/pinworms-treatment-and-prevention

  It is easy to be reinfected with pinworms or spread them to others. During treatment and for 2 weeks after treatment is finished, do the following: […] Hand washing is most important. Have your child and all family members wash their hands often. They should wash before meals or eating, after using the toilet and after scratching. This is a good habit to do at all times. […] Keep your child’s fingernails clean and cut as short as possible. […] Teach your child to avoid touching his mouth or biting his fingernails. […] Have your child shower or bathe every morning. […] Do not let children bathe together or share items. […] Clean the anus with soap and water after each bowel movement. Use clean washcloths or paper towels each time. […] Scrub the toilet seat daily with disinfectant or soap and water.

• #2 The Diagnosis and Treatment of Pinworm Infection

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6522669/

  In nearly all cases, antihelminthic treatment along with attention to hygienic measures can successfully eradicate pinworm infection and prevent recurrence and autoinfection. […] All individuals included in treatment should also be informed about the clinical picture and modes of transmission of enterobiasis and encouraged to take special preventive measures during treatment. […] These include thorough hand-washing before meals and after using the toilet, avoiding scratching in the anogenital area and anus-finger-mouth contact, daily washing of the genital region, regular changes of underwear and sleeping garments, as well as strictly exclusive use of towels and flannels by the same person. […] Hygiene measures over and above these are not beneficial. […] In the case of chronic recurrent infection, simultaneously treating all (including asymptomatic) members of a household has proved a successful approach.

• #2 Enterobius Vermicularis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536974/

  Pinworm infestation usually occurs in children. Transmission is via direct contact with contaminated items or even during sexual contact. Most infections are asymptomatic. While the cure rate is high, recurrences are common. […] Risk factors for pinworms include poor hygiene, eating after touching contaminated items and living with an individual who is identified as egg positive. […] Preventive strategies recommended are: Washing hands regularly, particularly before eating and after changing diapers. Taking a bath early in the morning to prevent egg contamination should be encouraged in at-risk patients. Trimming of fingernails should be encouraged. Children should be advised to avoid sucking their fingers and touching their perianal area. […] Patients should be educated on the need to maintain hygiene and wash their hands regularly to prevent the spread of infection and reinfection. […] Enterobiasis can cause recurrent reinfection, so treating the entire household, whether symptomatic or not is recommended to prevent a recurrence. […] A coordinated team approach to care and followup will provide the best results.

• #3 Pinworms: Infection, Symptoms, Treatment, Prevention

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/pinworms-infection

  Don’t scratch your anal area. Use an anti-itch medicine, if needed, to prevent itching. […] Wash your anal area from front to back every morning to reduce the number of eggs on your body. Shower instead of taking a bath because you could get reinfected in bath water. […] Change your underwear, towels, and bed linens each day. This helps remove eggs. […] Wash bedsheets, nightclothes, underwear, washcloths, and towels in water that’s at least 130 F to kill pinworm eggs. Dry these items on high heat. The heat will kill pinworm eggs. […] Don’t share towels or other personal items. […] Trim your child’s nails so there’s less space for eggs to collect. Scrub their nails clean. […] […] […] Takeaways […] Pinworm infections are very common in school-aged children. Signs that your child has a pinworm infection include if they’re itching around their anus or vagina, feeling irritable, and having belly pain. Prescription and nonprescription medicines treat pinworm infections. Everyone in your household may need treatment. To prevent the infection from spreading within your household, clean the affected area daily, wash underwear and bedding in hot water, and don’t share towels or other personal items.

• #3 EMVERM® (mebendazole)—Protecting Your Home Against Pinworm

  https://www.emverm.com/protection-against-pinworm/

  Change and wash underwear, pajamas, towels, and bed sheets daily. Pinworm eggs can contaminate clothing and bedding. […] Do NOT shake out towels or bed sheets. The tiny eggs can become airborne and inhaled or deposited onto food and swallowed, which can spread the infection. Consider wearing a surgical mask when cleaning to avoid breathing in eggs. […] Clean the bedroom floor by vacuuming or damp mopping. Avoid dry sweeping that may stir up dust. […] Disinfect doorknobs, toilet seats, furniture, countertops, cell phones, remote controls, and other shared surfaces the infected person may have touched, as eggs can survive up to 3 weeks on indoor surfaces.

• #4

  https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/pinworms

  Everyone in a household with pinworms must adhere to the following: […] Wash your hands thoroughly and frequently with soap and water, and scrub under the fingernails. Before eating, after going to the toilet, and after changing diapers, make sure to wash hands. […] At night, wear close-fitting underwear. Be sure to change underwear every morning. Wash underwear hot water 40 0C. Use a hot iron to iron the underwear. […] Wear cotton gloves, which may help prevent scratching during sleep. […] Shower every morning and change underwear daily. This helps removes a large proportion of eggs. During showers, thoroughly clean the body, paying particular attention to the anal and vaginal areas. Showering is preferred to avoid contaminating bath water. […] Wash towels, bedding and cuddly toys in hot water 400C especially after each treatment of the infected person and after each usage of washcloths until infection is cleared.

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