Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Hemochromatosis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351443

  Hemochromatosis (he-moe-kroe-muh-TOE-sis) is a condition that causes the body to absorb too much iron from food. Excess iron is stored in the organs, especially the liver, heart and pancreas. Too much iron can lead to life-threatening conditions, such as liver disease, heart problems and diabetes. […] Treatment includes regularly removing blood from the body. Because much of the body’s iron is contained in red blood cells, this treatment lowers iron levels. […] See a healthcare professional if you experience any of the symptoms of hemochromatosis. If you have an immediate family member who has hemochromatosis, ask your healthcare team about genetic testing. Genetic testing can check if you have the gene that increases your risk of hemochromatosis. […] Untreated, hemochromatosis can lead to several complications. These complications especially affect the joints and organs where excess iron tends to be stored, such as the liver, pancreas and heart. Complications can include:

• #2

  https://www.countrysaphn.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/SelfMng_Haemochromatosis_MD.rtf

  Haemochromatosis is one of the most common hereditary diseases. Around 1 in 300 people have a genetic predisposition to this disease – that is they may get it. Haemochromatosis is characterised by the excessive absorption of iron. Normally, excess iron is safely stored in various joints and organs in the body, particularly the liver. In a person with haemochromatosis, iron stores keep rising and, over time, the liver enlarges and becomes damaged, leading to serious diseases such as cirrhosis. Other problems that can be caused by excessive iron include heart disease, diabetes and arthritis. Both sexes are at risk, but women tend to develop the condition later in life, since regular menstrual periods deplete the body of iron. Haemochromatosis tends to be under-diagnosed, partly because its symptoms are similar to those caused by a range of other illnesses. […] A person diagnosed with the condition should notify all blood relatives so they can be tested for the HFE genes and treated if necessary.

• #3 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics

  HEMOCHROMATOSIS OVERVIEW […] The term „hemochromatosis” refers to excess iron in the body. […] Hereditary hemochromatosis is a disease caused by a change (sometimes referred to as a variant or mutation) in one of the genes that controls iron absorption from food in the digestive tract. To have the disease, a person must inherit two copies of the changed gene, one from their mother and one from their father. Over time, excess iron accumulates in tissues throughout the body, leading to iron overload. […] Early identification and treatment of hemochromatosis can prevent complications and ensure a normal life expectancy. Treatment typically involves regular phlebotomy (removal of blood) since red blood cells contain a large amount of the body’s iron. […] HEMOCHROMATOSIS TREATMENT

• #4 Hereditary Haemochromatosis Symptoms & Diagnosis, Risk Factors

  https://iconcancercentre.com.au/blood-disorder/hereditary-haemochromatosis/

  People with haemochromatosis absorb too much iron from their food. Over time this leads to iron overload. The extra iron is stored in the body in places where it can cause problems, for example the liver, heart, pancreas, pituitary gland and other organs. […] Without treatment, haemochromatosis can cause permanent organ damage and even early death. […] There is no cure for haemochromatosis but regular blood removal (or venesection) is used to lower your blood levels to normal. The procedure for blood removal is similar to blood donation, where around 450-500mls of blood is removed until iron in the blood is reduced to normal. The amount of blood removed and how often it is removed depends on your age, overall health and how severe your iron overload condition is. […] People with haemochromatosis should keep their iron levels monitored regularly by their doctor. If diagnosed early, the outlook for haemochromatosis is very good.

• #5 Hemochromatosis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351448

  Hemochromatosis can be difficult to diagnose. Early symptoms such as stiff joints and fatigue may be due to conditions other than hemochromatosis. […] Many people with the disease don’t have any symptoms other than high levels of iron in their blood. Hemochromatosis may be identified because of irregular blood test results after testing is done for other reasons. It also may be revealed when screening family members of people diagnosed with the disease. […] Medical professionals can treat hemochromatosis safely and effectively by removing blood from the body on a regular basis. This is similar to donating blood. The process is known as phlebotomy. […] The goal of phlebotomy is to lower the iron levels. The amount of blood removed and how often it’s removed depend on age, overall health and the severity of iron overload.

• #6

  https://www.countrysaphn.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/SelfMng_Haemochromatosis_MD.rtf

  Early haemochromatosis has no symptoms. However, in its later stages, haemochromatosis presents a variety of symptoms, and not all people will experience the same signs. Many symptoms are similar to those caused by other illnesses, which partly explains why haemochromatosis may be overlooked as a possible diagnosis. Some of the symptoms include: […] Weakness and lethargy […] Weight loss […] Joint pain, usually in the joints of the second and middle fingers […] Liver complaints, such as fibrosis or cirrhosis […] Arthritis or Arthralgia (non-inflammatory arthritis) […] Upper abdominal discomfort […] Testicular atrophy […] Sexual dysfunctions, such as impotence and low sex drive […] Disorders of the menstrual period, such as early menopause […] Loss of body hair […] Skin darkening […] Cognitive difficulties, such as poor memory […] Diabetes mellitus, usually seen in advanced stages of the condition. […] Cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias […] Hepatocellular carcinoma in 30% of patients with cirrhosis.

• #7

  https://www.countrysaphn.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/SelfMng_Haemochromatosis_MD.rtf

  Early haemochromatosis has no symptoms. However, in its later stages, haemochromatosis presents a variety of symptoms, and not all people will experience the same signs. Many symptoms are similar to those caused by other illnesses, which partly explains why haemochromatosis may be overlooked as a possible diagnosis. Some of the symptoms include: […] Weakness and lethargy […] Weight loss […] Joint pain, usually in the joints of the second and middle fingers […] Liver complaints, such as fibrosis or cirrhosis […] Arthritis or Arthralgia (non-inflammatory arthritis) […] Upper abdominal discomfort […] Testicular atrophy […] Sexual dysfunctions, such as impotence and low sex drive […] Disorders of the menstrual period, such as early menopause […] Loss of body hair […] Skin darkening […] Cognitive difficulties, such as poor memory […] Diabetes mellitus, usually seen in advanced stages of the condition. […] Cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias […] Hepatocellular carcinoma in 30% of patients with cirrhosis.

• #8 Hereditary Haemochromatosis (Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/hereditary-haemochromatosis

  Phlebotomy may improve iron removal and may improve insulin sensitivity, skin pigmentation, and fatigue but will have no effect on cirrhosis, hypogonadism or arthropathy. […] To minimise the risk of additional complications, patients with HFE-HC could be immunised against hepatitis A and B while iron-overloaded. […] Serum ferritin is the main investigation used because it correlates with symptoms and the risk of complications. […] When serum ferritin is less than 1000 g/L the risk of serious liver damage is below 1%. Serum ferritin levels above 1000 g/L are an indication for liver biopsy because of the risk of cirrhosis. […] When a liver biopsy shows cirrhosis, periodic screening for hepatocellular carcinoma, using echography or magnetic resonance imaging, is essential. […] Compliance with phlebotomy will prevent iron overload.

• #9 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics

  Hemochromatosis is caused by a genetic change that is passed from both parents to a child. Therefore, clinicians usually recommend that first-degree relatives (parents, siblings, and children) of people with hemochromatosis undergo testing. […] The primary goal of screening is to detect hemochromatosis before there are symptoms or complications. Screening is generally not needed until adulthood, when the individual can give informed consent for testing. The optimal age is between 18 and 30 years; during this time, the condition can be detected, but serious tissue damage has not yet occurred. Your doctor can talk with you about the best age to perform the testing. […] Blood tests — The optimal strategy for screening is by blood tests for ferritin and transferrin saturation (TSAT), which may be done as part of an „iron studies panel.” If these are abnormal, then genetic testing can be performed. Advantages and disadvantages of family screening can be discussed with a doctor, genetics expert, or expert in hemochromatosis.

• #10

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/haemochromatosis/treatment/

  There’s currently no cure for haemochromatosis, but there are treatments that can reduce the amount of iron in your body. […] The most commonly used treatment for haemochromatosis is a procedure to remove some of your blood, known as a venesection or phlebotomy. […] There are 2 main stages to treatment: induction blood is removed on a frequent basis (usually weekly) until your iron levels are normal; this can sometimes take up to a year or more […] maintenance blood is removed less often (usually 2 to 4 times a year) to keep your iron levels under control; this is usually needed for the rest of your life. […] A treatment called chelation therapy may be used in a small number of cases where regular phlebotomies are not possible because it’s difficult to remove blood regularly for example, if you have very thin or fragile veins.

• #11 Hemochromatosis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351448

  Hemochromatosis can be difficult to diagnose. Early symptoms such as stiff joints and fatigue may be due to conditions other than hemochromatosis. […] Many people with the disease don’t have any symptoms other than high levels of iron in their blood. Hemochromatosis may be identified because of irregular blood test results after testing is done for other reasons. It also may be revealed when screening family members of people diagnosed with the disease. […] Medical professionals can treat hemochromatosis safely and effectively by removing blood from the body on a regular basis. This is similar to donating blood. The process is known as phlebotomy. […] The goal of phlebotomy is to lower the iron levels. The amount of blood removed and how often it’s removed depend on age, overall health and the severity of iron overload.

• #12 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics/print

  Treatment of hemochromatosis requires removal of excessive iron from the body, usually by periodically removing blood (referred to as „therapeutic phlebotomy”). […] Treatment can help prevent complications and even reverse some complications after they occur. Treatment is usually continued throughout a person’s life, although it may be temporarily discontinued in some cases, such as during pregnancy. […] Phlebotomy removes iron by removing red blood cells, which contain significant amounts of iron. The body uses up stored iron to make up for the loss of red blood cells, thereby gradually depleting iron stores. Over time, phlebotomy reduces iron stores back to normal levels. Phlebotomy is appropriate and beneficial for most people with excess iron stores from hemochromatosis, including older adults and people who have no symptoms.

• #13 Haemochromatosis | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/haemochromatosis

  Haemochromatosis is a common inherited disorder, which causes the body to absorb more iron than usual from food. […] Treatment includes regularly removing blood until iron levels normalise. […] A person with haemochromatosis is treated with venesection. This is a procedure similar to blood donation, where around 500 mls of blood is removed until iron in the blood is reduced to normal levels. […] A person with haemochromatosis can better manage their condition by making a few simple lifestyle changes, including: not taking iron supplements, not taking vitamin C supplements, as vitamin C increases iron absorption, reducing alcohol intake, as metabolising alcohol can stress an already compromised liver, reducing or limiting iron-rich foods such as offal. […] If a person is diagnosed before significant symptoms arise, they can prevent organ damage and disease symptoms by maintaining iron in the normal range.

• #14

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/haemochromatosis/treatment/

  There’s currently no cure for haemochromatosis, but there are treatments that can reduce the amount of iron in your body. […] The most commonly used treatment for haemochromatosis is a procedure to remove some of your blood, known as a venesection or phlebotomy. […] There are 2 main stages to treatment: induction blood is removed on a frequent basis (usually weekly) until your iron levels are normal; this can sometimes take up to a year or more […] maintenance blood is removed less often (usually 2 to 4 times a year) to keep your iron levels under control; this is usually needed for the rest of your life. […] A treatment called chelation therapy may be used in a small number of cases where regular phlebotomies are not possible because it’s difficult to remove blood regularly for example, if you have very thin or fragile veins.

• #15 Haemochromatosis – British Liver Trust

  https://britishlivertrust.org.uk/information-and-support/liver-conditions/haemochromatosis/

  Haemochromatosis is a medical condition that causes people to absorb too much iron from their diet. It accumulates around the body over time, damaging many organs, including the liver, and eventually causing disease. […] Treatment of haemochromatosis is simply aimed at removing iron from your body. As the body has no natural method for getting rid of the extra iron, this is done by regular bleeding known as phlebotomy. […] During phlebotomy a unit of blood, usually 450 millitres (ml), is removed. This amount will contain 220mg of iron. […] You will be required to have phlebotomy up to once a week, depending on the degree of your iron overload. This may continue for up to two years. […] After your course of treatment you will need to have further phlebotomies two to four times a year for the rest of your life.

• #16 Hemochromatosis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351448

  Hemochromatosis can be difficult to diagnose. Early symptoms such as stiff joints and fatigue may be due to conditions other than hemochromatosis. […] Many people with the disease don’t have any symptoms other than high levels of iron in their blood. Hemochromatosis may be identified because of irregular blood test results after testing is done for other reasons. It also may be revealed when screening family members of people diagnosed with the disease. […] Medical professionals can treat hemochromatosis safely and effectively by removing blood from the body on a regular basis. This is similar to donating blood. The process is known as phlebotomy. […] The goal of phlebotomy is to lower the iron levels. The amount of blood removed and how often it’s removed depend on age, overall health and the severity of iron overload.

• #17 Sign up for our monthly newsletter

  https://www.haemochromatosis.org.uk/genetic-haemochromatosis-care-pathway

  With treatment, many people live full and active lives with genetic haemochromatosis. […] For most people, treatment for genetic haemochromatosis is simple and effective; its a form of regular blood donation known as venesection. […] Initially, your doctor will ask you to attend hospital or a clinic weekly or fortnightly to have up to 1 unit (450 ml) of blood drawn. […] You will need to continue to have venesection periodically to maintain your iron levels at normal levels, ideally where serum ferritin (SF) is below 50 g/l and transferrin saturation (TSAT) is below 50%. […] Once in maintenance, many people can go on to be regular blood donors, helping others. […] You should also be offered a periodic appointment with your consultant (either 6 monthly or 12 monthly) to discuss your treatment and to arrange a liver ultrasound and/or Fibroscan. […] Genetic haemochromatosis is inherited, so its important that families consider genetic screening, based on their circumstances.

• #18 Hereditary Haemochromatosis (Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/hereditary-haemochromatosis

  Patients with HFE-HC and evidence of excess iron should be treated with phlebotomy. Phlebotomy should be carried out by removing 500 ml of blood (250 mg iron) once or twice a week. Adequate hydration before and after treatment and avoidance of vigorous physical activity for 24 hours after phlebotomy are recommended. […] Once iron levels are stabilised, lifelong, but less frequent, phlebotomy (typically 3-4 times a year) is required. The aim to obtain a ferritin level of less than 50 g/L. […] Before the initiation of phlebotomy, patients with HFE-HC should be assessed for complications (including diabetes mellitus, joint disease, endocrine deficiency (hypothyroidism), heart failure, porphyria cutanea tarda and osteoporosis), which should be managed regardless of whether or not HC is the underlying cause and whether there is symptomatic relief or improvement during phlebotomy.

• #19 hemochromatosis | Taber’s Medical Dictionary

  https://nursing.unboundmedicine.com/nursingcentral/view/Tabers-Dictionary/741645/all/hemochromatosis

  The need for phlebotomy and its role in the removal of excess iron are explained to the patient. […] To prevent dizziness or hypotension, the patient is encouraged to drink plenty of fluids and to abstain from vigorous exercise for the first 24 hr after the procedure. […] Patients should be educated to avoid taking iron supplements or vitamin C, both of which may increase body stores of iron.

• #20

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/haemochromatosis/treatment/

  There’s currently no cure for haemochromatosis, but there are treatments that can reduce the amount of iron in your body. […] The most commonly used treatment for haemochromatosis is a procedure to remove some of your blood, known as a venesection or phlebotomy. […] There are 2 main stages to treatment: induction blood is removed on a frequent basis (usually weekly) until your iron levels are normal; this can sometimes take up to a year or more […] maintenance blood is removed less often (usually 2 to 4 times a year) to keep your iron levels under control; this is usually needed for the rest of your life. […] A treatment called chelation therapy may be used in a small number of cases where regular phlebotomies are not possible because it’s difficult to remove blood regularly for example, if you have very thin or fragile veins.

• #21 Hemochromatosis // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/hemochromatosis

  Phlebotomy may not be an option for someone who has certain conditions, such as anemia or heart complications. Instead, a healthcare professional may recommend a medicine to remove excess iron. The medicine can be injected into the body, or it can be taken as a pill. The medicine binds excess iron, allowing the body to expel iron through urine or stool in a process that’s called chelation. […] In addition to therapeutic blood removal, making some lifestyle changes may further reduce the risk of complications from hemochromatosis, such as: Don’t take iron supplements and multivitamins containing iron. These can increase iron levels even more. […] Don’t take vitamin C supplements. Vitamin C increases absorption of iron. There’s usually no need to restrict vitamin C in your diet, however.

• #22 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics

  Dietary considerations — People who are receiving treatment for hemochromatosis do not have to follow a special diet. There is no evidence that the condition is worsened by consuming moderate amounts of iron-rich foods such as red meat and liver. […] However, people with hemochromatosis should avoid iron supplements (including multivitamins plus iron). […] People with hemochromatosis should avoid eating uncooked seafood because it may contain bacteria that grow well in an iron-rich environment, at least until their iron overload has been treated. […] Treatment of complications — Although phlebotomy can alleviate or even completely resolve some complications of hemochromatosis, other measures may be necessary to treat complications that persist. […] IMPLICATIONS FOR RELATIVES

• #23 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics/print

  However, people with hemochromatosis should avoid iron supplements (including multivitamins plus iron). […] People with hemochromatosis should avoid eating uncooked seafood because it may contain bacteria that grow well in an iron-rich environment, at least until their iron overload has been treated. […] Treatment of complications — Although phlebotomy can alleviate or even completely resolve some complications of hemochromatosis, other measures may be necessary to treat complications that persist. […] For example, liver disease may progress to cirrhosis and may require liver transplantation; diabetes may require insulin therapy. […] IMPLICATIONS FOR RELATIVES […] Hemochromatosis is caused by a genetic change that is passed from both parents to a child. Therefore, clinicians usually recommend that first-degree relatives (parents, siblings, and children) of people with hemochromatosis undergo testing.

• #24 Hemochromatosis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351448

  Treating hemochromatosis can help relieve symptoms of tiredness, stomach pain and skin darkening. It can help prevent serious complications such as liver disease, heart disease and diabetes. If you already have one of these conditions, phlebotomy may slow the progression of the disease. In some cases, it may even reverse it. […] Phlebotomy can’t reverse cirrhosis or joint pain, but it can slow the progression. […] In addition to therapeutic blood removal, making some lifestyle changes may further reduce the risk of complications from hemochromatosis, such as: Don’t take iron supplements and multivitamins containing iron. These can increase iron levels even more. […] Don’t take vitamin C supplements. Vitamin C increases absorption of iron. There’s usually no need to restrict vitamin C in your diet, however.

• #25 Hemochromatosis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351448

  Stay away from alcohol. Alcohol greatly increases the risk of liver damage in people with hemochromatosis. If you have hemochromatosis and you already have liver disease, avoid alcohol completely. […] Don’t eat raw fish and shellfish. People with hemochromatosis are at risk of infections, particularly those caused by certain bacteria in raw fish and shellfish.

• #26 Hemochromatosis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351448

  Stay away from alcohol. Alcohol greatly increases the risk of liver damage in people with hemochromatosis. If you have hemochromatosis and you already have liver disease, avoid alcohol completely. […] Don’t eat raw fish and shellfish. People with hemochromatosis are at risk of infections, particularly those caused by certain bacteria in raw fish and shellfish.

• #27 Hemochromatosis: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.hemochromatosis-care-instructions.zc1639

  Hemochromatosis: Care Instructions […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take. […] Be careful about the vitamins and supplements that you take. You should avoid vitamins or supplements that have iron and vitamin C. Vitamin C supplements cause your body to absorb more iron from food. But it is okay to eat foods that have vitamin C (such as oranges). […] Ask your doctor if you need to make any changes in your diet. If you need to reduce the amount of iron in your diet, eat less red meats and organ meats, which contain high amounts of iron. Avoid iron-fortified food, such as some breads and cereals.

• #28 Hemochromatosis: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.hemochromatosis-care-instructions.zc1639

  Drink tea and coffee. These drinks can cause your body to absorb less iron from the food you eat. Drinking these beverages does not replace usual treatment. […] Do not use iron cookware. Food cooked in ironware can absorb some of the iron. […] Get hepatitis A and hepatitis B shots. These vaccines can protect your liver. […] Limit or do not drink alcohol. Alcohol can cause more damage to your liver. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if: You have any problems. You are gaining weight. Your belly is getting bigger.

• #29 Hemochromatosis: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.hemochromatosis-care-instructions.zc1639

  Drink tea and coffee. These drinks can cause your body to absorb less iron from the food you eat. Drinking these beverages does not replace usual treatment. […] Do not use iron cookware. Food cooked in ironware can absorb some of the iron. […] Get hepatitis A and hepatitis B shots. These vaccines can protect your liver. […] Limit or do not drink alcohol. Alcohol can cause more damage to your liver. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if: You have any problems. You are gaining weight. Your belly is getting bigger.

• #30 Hemochromatosis: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.hemochromatosis-care-instructions.zc1639

  Drink tea and coffee. These drinks can cause your body to absorb less iron from the food you eat. Drinking these beverages does not replace usual treatment. […] Do not use iron cookware. Food cooked in ironware can absorb some of the iron. […] Get hepatitis A and hepatitis B shots. These vaccines can protect your liver. […] Limit or do not drink alcohol. Alcohol can cause more damage to your liver. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if: You have any problems. You are gaining weight. Your belly is getting bigger.

• #31 Sign up for our monthly newsletter

  https://www.haemochromatosis.org.uk/nursing

  The Royal College of Nursing have accredited our free online eLearning module on genetic haemochromatosis from 6th May 2021. […] Our nurses’ guide has everything a nurse needs to know to be able to support their patients diagnosed/undiagnosed. […] GH has no cure, but with early intervention and regular, appropriate treatment it can be managed as a life-long condition. The primary therapy – venesection – is known to be clinically effective when performed correctly. […] Our award-winning Venesection Best Practice Guidance is endorsed by the Royal College of Nursing and used as the basis of our nurse and HCP training programme. […] People with genetic haemochromatosis can experience blood, injection or injury phobia during their venesection treatment. Venescetion is the primary therapy for genetic haemochromatosis treatment; this treatment can be a trigger for BII phobia.

• #32 Nursing Considerations in the Management of Patients with Chronic Transfusional Iron Overload – Oncology Nurse Advisor

  https://www.oncologynurseadvisor.com/home/cancer-types/general-oncology/nursing-considerations-in-the-management-of-patients-with-chronic-transfusional-iron-overload/6/

  Patients receiving deferasirox should be appropriately screened and monitored for risk of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and for serious allergic reactions, such as skin rashes. […] Improving Patient Management and Education Managing patients with beta-thalassemia, SCD, MDS, and transfusion-induced iron overload requires a collaborative approach that involves physicians and nurses, as well as the patients themselves. […] Iron overload not only represents a serious health risk and could affect how well patients feel, but if left undiagnosed and untreated, it can complicate the course of their disease, making it more difficult to manage. Managing adverse events resulting from chelation therapy is important for adherence. Patient education is important for adherence, too, and should be an ongoing part of care.

• #33 Living With Hemochromatosis | Hematology-Oncology Associates of CNY

  https://www.hoacny.com/patient-resources/blood-disorders/what-hemochromatosis/what-causes-hemochromatosis/living

  The outlook for people who have hemochromatosis largely depends on how much organ damage has already occurred at the time of diagnosis. Early diagnosis and treatment of the disorder are important. […] Treatment may help prevent, delay, or sometimes reverse complications of the disorder. Treatment also may lead to higher energy levels and better quality of life. With early diagnosis and treatment, a normal lifespan is possible. […] If you have hemochromatosis, getting ongoing care is important. Ongoing care may include: Continuing therapeutic phlebotomy, Taking medicines as prescribed, Contacting your doctor right away about new or worsening symptoms or possible reactions to phlebotomy, Following up regularly with your doctor about test results, ongoing treatments, and annual exams, Using a diary or log to track the amount of iron in your body. […] If you need routine phlebotomy, you may have to change your usual work times to schedule your treatments. You also may have to change your work schedule to allow for periods of fatigue (tiredness) or recovery, especially if your treatment weakens you.

• #34 Living With Hemochromatosis | Hematology-Oncology Associates of CNY

  https://www.hoacny.com/patient-resources/blood-disorders/what-hemochromatosis/what-causes-hemochromatosis/living

  The outlook for people who have hemochromatosis largely depends on how much organ damage has already occurred at the time of diagnosis. Early diagnosis and treatment of the disorder are important. […] Treatment may help prevent, delay, or sometimes reverse complications of the disorder. Treatment also may lead to higher energy levels and better quality of life. With early diagnosis and treatment, a normal lifespan is possible. […] If you have hemochromatosis, getting ongoing care is important. Ongoing care may include: Continuing therapeutic phlebotomy, Taking medicines as prescribed, Contacting your doctor right away about new or worsening symptoms or possible reactions to phlebotomy, Following up regularly with your doctor about test results, ongoing treatments, and annual exams, Using a diary or log to track the amount of iron in your body. […] If you need routine phlebotomy, you may have to change your usual work times to schedule your treatments. You also may have to change your work schedule to allow for periods of fatigue (tiredness) or recovery, especially if your treatment weakens you.

• #35 Haemochromatosis

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/haemochromatosis

  Haemochromatosis is a genetic iron storage disease in which the body absorbs excessive amounts of iron from the diet. […] Treatment of haemochromatosis consists of regular removal of blood and is similar to making a blood donation (venesection therapy or phlebotomy). […] It is essential to detect haemochromatosis as early as possible so that venesection can be instituted to prevent the build-up of iron and potential complications. […] Tiredness and abdominal pain should diminish, and increased pigmentation of the skin should fade over time once treatment has started. […] Regular monitoring of serum ferritin, transferrin saturation, haematocrit and haemoglobin is necessary throughout the treatment process.

• #36 Towards organization of care for patients with hereditary haemochromatosis

  https://lirias.kuleuven.be/1935345

  Hereditary haemochromatosis (HH) is a disorder of iron homeostasis with an autosomal recessive inheritance. […] Complications and symptoms can regress by intensive treatment reducing the iron overload of the body. The most common treatment is phlebotomy every week/fortnight during the depletion phase and every three to six months as maintenance therapy and consists of bloodletting of approximately 500 ml of whole blood (representing about 250 mg of iron). […] There is a lack of congruence in follow-up strategies, as well as a gap in information transfer, continuity and care coordination. […] HH is a chronic condition and several care models for the management of chronic diseases exist, with their specific focus areas. […] Initial treatment in a (university) hospital setting should be followed by a phase of maintenance treatment, in order to sustain the positive effects of the initial more intense treatment phase and improve outcomes on the short and long-term. […] The overall aim of this doctoral project is to evaluate the current care for patients with hereditary haemochromatosis, resulting in four research questions (RQ). RQ2: Which treatment and follow-up is required to ensure good quality of care in HH patients?

• #37 Sign up for our monthly newsletter

  https://www.haemochromatosis.org.uk/nursing

  The Royal College of Nursing have accredited our free online eLearning module on genetic haemochromatosis from 6th May 2021. […] Our nurses’ guide has everything a nurse needs to know to be able to support their patients diagnosed/undiagnosed. […] GH has no cure, but with early intervention and regular, appropriate treatment it can be managed as a life-long condition. The primary therapy – venesection – is known to be clinically effective when performed correctly. […] Our award-winning Venesection Best Practice Guidance is endorsed by the Royal College of Nursing and used as the basis of our nurse and HCP training programme. […] People with genetic haemochromatosis can experience blood, injection or injury phobia during their venesection treatment. Venescetion is the primary therapy for genetic haemochromatosis treatment; this treatment can be a trigger for BII phobia.

• #38 hemochromatosis | Taber’s Medical Dictionary

  https://nursing.unboundmedicine.com/nursingcentral/view/Tabers-Dictionary/741645/all/hemochromatosis

  The need for phlebotomy and its role in the removal of excess iron are explained to the patient. […] To prevent dizziness or hypotension, the patient is encouraged to drink plenty of fluids and to abstain from vigorous exercise for the first 24 hr after the procedure. […] Patients should be educated to avoid taking iron supplements or vitamin C, both of which may increase body stores of iron.

• #39 Sign up for our monthly newsletter

  https://www.haemochromatosis.org.uk/nursing

  The Royal College of Nursing have accredited our free online eLearning module on genetic haemochromatosis from 6th May 2021. […] Our nurses’ guide has everything a nurse needs to know to be able to support their patients diagnosed/undiagnosed. […] GH has no cure, but with early intervention and regular, appropriate treatment it can be managed as a life-long condition. The primary therapy – venesection – is known to be clinically effective when performed correctly. […] Our award-winning Venesection Best Practice Guidance is endorsed by the Royal College of Nursing and used as the basis of our nurse and HCP training programme. […] People with genetic haemochromatosis can experience blood, injection or injury phobia during their venesection treatment. Venescetion is the primary therapy for genetic haemochromatosis treatment; this treatment can be a trigger for BII phobia.

• #40 Hemochromatosis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351443

  Hemochromatosis (he-moe-kroe-muh-TOE-sis) is a condition that causes the body to absorb too much iron from food. Excess iron is stored in the organs, especially the liver, heart and pancreas. Too much iron can lead to life-threatening conditions, such as liver disease, heart problems and diabetes. […] Treatment includes regularly removing blood from the body. Because much of the body’s iron is contained in red blood cells, this treatment lowers iron levels. […] See a healthcare professional if you experience any of the symptoms of hemochromatosis. If you have an immediate family member who has hemochromatosis, ask your healthcare team about genetic testing. Genetic testing can check if you have the gene that increases your risk of hemochromatosis. […] Untreated, hemochromatosis can lead to several complications. These complications especially affect the joints and organs where excess iron tends to be stored, such as the liver, pancreas and heart. Complications can include:

• #41 Hemochromatosis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351443

  Liver issues. Cirrhosis permanent scarring of the liver is just one of the complications that may happen. Cirrhosis increases the risk of liver cancer and other life-threatening complications. […] Diabetes. Damage to the pancreas can lead to diabetes. […] Heart problems. Excess iron in the heart affects the heart’s ability to circulate enough blood for the body’s needs. This is called congestive heart failure. Hemochromatosis also can cause irregular heart rhythms, called arrhythmias. […] Reproductive problems. Excess iron can lead to erectile dysfunction and loss of sex drive in men. It can cause an absence of the menstrual cycle in women. […] Living with hemochromatosis? Connect with others like you for support and answers to your questions in the Transplants support group on Mayo Clinic Connect, a patient community.

• #42 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics

  The decision to begin phlebotomy in a person with hemochromatosis is usually based on a person’s age, sex, level of ferritin in the blood, and results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or liver biopsy. When iron overload is present, phlebotomy should be started. […] Phlebotomy can effectively remove iron and resolve some, but not all, complications of hemochromatosis. If complications have not yet occurred, phlebotomy is very effective in preventing them, as long as sufficient iron is removed from the body. Most people will have a normal life expectancy. […] Phlebotomy can help prevent the potentially life-threatening complications of cirrhosis and liver cancer. It can also resolve or greatly improve poor liver function, liver enlargement, and liver pain. Phlebotomy is most likely to reverse liver disease in an early stage, but phlebotomy can still improve liver function in people who have developed cirrhosis. Phlebotomy may not reverse cirrhosis or lessen the risk of liver cancer.

• #43 Hemochromatosis | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/hemochromatosis?content_id=CON-20157212

  Medical professionals can treat hemochromatosis safely and effectively by removing blood from the body on a regular basis. This is similar to donating blood. The process is known as phlebotomy. […] The goal of phlebotomy is to lower the iron levels. The amount of blood removed and how often it’s removed depend on age, overall health and the severity of iron overload. […] Treating hemochromatosis can help relieve symptoms of tiredness, stomach pain and skin darkening. It can help prevent serious complications such as liver disease, heart disease and diabetes. If you already have one of these conditions, phlebotomy may slow the progression of the disease. In some cases, it may even reverse it. […] Phlebotomy can’t reverse cirrhosis or joint pain, but it can slow the progression. […] For someone with cirrhosis, a healthcare professional may recommend occasional screening for liver cancer. This usually involves an abdominal ultrasound and CT scan.

• #44 Hemochromatosis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351443

  Liver issues. Cirrhosis permanent scarring of the liver is just one of the complications that may happen. Cirrhosis increases the risk of liver cancer and other life-threatening complications. […] Diabetes. Damage to the pancreas can lead to diabetes. […] Heart problems. Excess iron in the heart affects the heart’s ability to circulate enough blood for the body’s needs. This is called congestive heart failure. Hemochromatosis also can cause irregular heart rhythms, called arrhythmias. […] Reproductive problems. Excess iron can lead to erectile dysfunction and loss of sex drive in men. It can cause an absence of the menstrual cycle in women. […] Living with hemochromatosis? Connect with others like you for support and answers to your questions in the Transplants support group on Mayo Clinic Connect, a patient community.

• #45 Hereditary haemochromatosis and diabetes – DiabetesontheNet

  https://diabetesonthenet.com/journal-diabetes-nursing/hereditary-haemochromatosis-and-diabetes/

  Hereditary haemochromatosis (HH) is one of the most common hereditary conditions in people of European ancestry. […] If left untreated, it results in diabetes due to iron accumulation in beta-cells and the development of insulin resistance. […] Managing diabetes secondary to HH is not unlike managing diabetes of other causes; however, certain pitfalls exist, such as the inaccuracy of HbA1c monitoring and the early need for insulin therapy compared to people with type 2 diabetes. […] Once the disease is established, it is important that nurses and physicians incorporate subtle changes into their normal practice. In the case of diabetes, the early use of insulin and accurate recording of self-monitored daily blood glucose are crucial for the optimal management of these people.

• #46 Hemochromatosis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351443

  Liver issues. Cirrhosis permanent scarring of the liver is just one of the complications that may happen. Cirrhosis increases the risk of liver cancer and other life-threatening complications. […] Diabetes. Damage to the pancreas can lead to diabetes. […] Heart problems. Excess iron in the heart affects the heart’s ability to circulate enough blood for the body’s needs. This is called congestive heart failure. Hemochromatosis also can cause irregular heart rhythms, called arrhythmias. […] Reproductive problems. Excess iron can lead to erectile dysfunction and loss of sex drive in men. It can cause an absence of the menstrual cycle in women. […] Living with hemochromatosis? Connect with others like you for support and answers to your questions in the Transplants support group on Mayo Clinic Connect, a patient community.

• #47 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics/print

  Phlebotomy can resolve or markedly improve weakness, fatigue, lethargy, and darkening of the skin. […] Phlebotomy may resolve joint pain and heart disease. Studies suggest that phlebotomy improves joint symptoms in approximately 20 percent of people with hemochromatosis. Phlebotomy is most likely to reverse heart disease when it is in an early stage. […] Phlebotomy only rarely improves joint deformity, pituitary disease, susceptibility to certain infections, diabetes, and thyroid disease. Phlebotomy is most likely to restore normal levels of sex hormones in males who are under 40 years of age. […] Dietary considerations — People who are receiving treatment for hemochromatosis do not have to follow a special diet. There is no evidence that the condition is worsened by consuming moderate amounts of iron-rich foods such as red meat and liver.

• #48 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics/print

  Phlebotomy can resolve or markedly improve weakness, fatigue, lethargy, and darkening of the skin. […] Phlebotomy may resolve joint pain and heart disease. Studies suggest that phlebotomy improves joint symptoms in approximately 20 percent of people with hemochromatosis. Phlebotomy is most likely to reverse heart disease when it is in an early stage. […] Phlebotomy only rarely improves joint deformity, pituitary disease, susceptibility to certain infections, diabetes, and thyroid disease. Phlebotomy is most likely to restore normal levels of sex hormones in males who are under 40 years of age. […] Dietary considerations — People who are receiving treatment for hemochromatosis do not have to follow a special diet. There is no evidence that the condition is worsened by consuming moderate amounts of iron-rich foods such as red meat and liver.

• #49 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics/print

  Phlebotomy can resolve or markedly improve weakness, fatigue, lethargy, and darkening of the skin. […] Phlebotomy may resolve joint pain and heart disease. Studies suggest that phlebotomy improves joint symptoms in approximately 20 percent of people with hemochromatosis. Phlebotomy is most likely to reverse heart disease when it is in an early stage. […] Phlebotomy only rarely improves joint deformity, pituitary disease, susceptibility to certain infections, diabetes, and thyroid disease. Phlebotomy is most likely to restore normal levels of sex hormones in males who are under 40 years of age. […] Dietary considerations — People who are receiving treatment for hemochromatosis do not have to follow a special diet. There is no evidence that the condition is worsened by consuming moderate amounts of iron-rich foods such as red meat and liver.

• #50 Hereditary Hemochromatosis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0201/p183.html

  If patients are intolerant of phlebotomy, iron chelation therapy is a second-line option. […] Dietary modification is generally unnecessary. Iron balance normally is maintained tightly; the daily dietary amount absorbed matches the amount lost each day within sloughed cells, or approximately 1 mg. […] The AASLD, American Academy of Family Physicians, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommend against universal genetic screening for hereditary hemochromatosis. […] Early phlebotomy promotes cirrhotic regression and reduces morbidity and mortality.

• #51 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics

  Hemochromatosis is caused by a genetic change that is passed from both parents to a child. Therefore, clinicians usually recommend that first-degree relatives (parents, siblings, and children) of people with hemochromatosis undergo testing. […] The primary goal of screening is to detect hemochromatosis before there are symptoms or complications. Screening is generally not needed until adulthood, when the individual can give informed consent for testing. The optimal age is between 18 and 30 years; during this time, the condition can be detected, but serious tissue damage has not yet occurred. Your doctor can talk with you about the best age to perform the testing. […] Blood tests — The optimal strategy for screening is by blood tests for ferritin and transferrin saturation (TSAT), which may be done as part of an „iron studies panel.” If these are abnormal, then genetic testing can be performed. Advantages and disadvantages of family screening can be discussed with a doctor, genetics expert, or expert in hemochromatosis.

• #52 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics

  Hemochromatosis is caused by a genetic change that is passed from both parents to a child. Therefore, clinicians usually recommend that first-degree relatives (parents, siblings, and children) of people with hemochromatosis undergo testing. […] The primary goal of screening is to detect hemochromatosis before there are symptoms or complications. Screening is generally not needed until adulthood, when the individual can give informed consent for testing. The optimal age is between 18 and 30 years; during this time, the condition can be detected, but serious tissue damage has not yet occurred. Your doctor can talk with you about the best age to perform the testing. […] Blood tests — The optimal strategy for screening is by blood tests for ferritin and transferrin saturation (TSAT), which may be done as part of an „iron studies panel.” If these are abnormal, then genetic testing can be performed. Advantages and disadvantages of family screening can be discussed with a doctor, genetics expert, or expert in hemochromatosis.

• #53 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics

  Hemochromatosis is caused by a genetic change that is passed from both parents to a child. Therefore, clinicians usually recommend that first-degree relatives (parents, siblings, and children) of people with hemochromatosis undergo testing. […] The primary goal of screening is to detect hemochromatosis before there are symptoms or complications. Screening is generally not needed until adulthood, when the individual can give informed consent for testing. The optimal age is between 18 and 30 years; during this time, the condition can be detected, but serious tissue damage has not yet occurred. Your doctor can talk with you about the best age to perform the testing. […] Blood tests — The optimal strategy for screening is by blood tests for ferritin and transferrin saturation (TSAT), which may be done as part of an „iron studies panel.” If these are abnormal, then genetic testing can be performed. Advantages and disadvantages of family screening can be discussed with a doctor, genetics expert, or expert in hemochromatosis.

• #54 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics

  HOW WILL HEMOCHROMATOSIS AFFECT MY LIFE? […] Most people with hemochromatosis have a normal life expectancy. Survival may be shortened in people who are not treated and develop cirrhosis or diabetes mellitus. […] SUMMARY […] Treatment is usually needed for a lifetime. […] Dietary considerations — People with hemochromatosis do not need to follow a special diet. Iron supplements should be avoided. Drinking alcohol occasionally (one or two drinks per week) is probably safe unless the person has liver disease (cirrhosis or hepatitis). Raw fish products should not be consumed.

• #55 Living With Hemochromatosis | Hematology-Oncology Associates of CNY

  https://www.hoacny.com/patient-resources/blood-disorders/what-hemochromatosis/what-causes-hemochromatosis/living

  The outlook for people who have hemochromatosis largely depends on how much organ damage has already occurred at the time of diagnosis. Early diagnosis and treatment of the disorder are important. […] Treatment may help prevent, delay, or sometimes reverse complications of the disorder. Treatment also may lead to higher energy levels and better quality of life. With early diagnosis and treatment, a normal lifespan is possible. […] If you have hemochromatosis, getting ongoing care is important. Ongoing care may include: Continuing therapeutic phlebotomy, Taking medicines as prescribed, Contacting your doctor right away about new or worsening symptoms or possible reactions to phlebotomy, Following up regularly with your doctor about test results, ongoing treatments, and annual exams, Using a diary or log to track the amount of iron in your body. […] If you need routine phlebotomy, you may have to change your usual work times to schedule your treatments. You also may have to change your work schedule to allow for periods of fatigue (tiredness) or recovery, especially if your treatment weakens you.

• #56 Living With Hemochromatosis | Hematology-Oncology Associates of CNY

  https://www.hoacny.com/patient-resources/blood-disorders/what-hemochromatosis/what-causes-hemochromatosis/living

  The outlook for people who have hemochromatosis largely depends on how much organ damage has already occurred at the time of diagnosis. Early diagnosis and treatment of the disorder are important. […] Treatment may help prevent, delay, or sometimes reverse complications of the disorder. Treatment also may lead to higher energy levels and better quality of life. With early diagnosis and treatment, a normal lifespan is possible. […] If you have hemochromatosis, getting ongoing care is important. Ongoing care may include: Continuing therapeutic phlebotomy, Taking medicines as prescribed, Contacting your doctor right away about new or worsening symptoms or possible reactions to phlebotomy, Following up regularly with your doctor about test results, ongoing treatments, and annual exams, Using a diary or log to track the amount of iron in your body. […] If you need routine phlebotomy, you may have to change your usual work times to schedule your treatments. You also may have to change your work schedule to allow for periods of fatigue (tiredness) or recovery, especially if your treatment weakens you.

• #57 Living With Hemochromatosis | Hematology-Oncology Associates of CNY

  https://www.hoacny.com/patient-resources/blood-disorders/what-hemochromatosis/what-causes-hemochromatosis/living

  The outlook for people who have hemochromatosis largely depends on how much organ damage has already occurred at the time of diagnosis. Early diagnosis and treatment of the disorder are important. […] Treatment may help prevent, delay, or sometimes reverse complications of the disorder. Treatment also may lead to higher energy levels and better quality of life. With early diagnosis and treatment, a normal lifespan is possible. […] If you have hemochromatosis, getting ongoing care is important. Ongoing care may include: Continuing therapeutic phlebotomy, Taking medicines as prescribed, Contacting your doctor right away about new or worsening symptoms or possible reactions to phlebotomy, Following up regularly with your doctor about test results, ongoing treatments, and annual exams, Using a diary or log to track the amount of iron in your body. […] If you need routine phlebotomy, you may have to change your usual work times to schedule your treatments. You also may have to change your work schedule to allow for periods of fatigue (tiredness) or recovery, especially if your treatment weakens you.

• #58 Living With Hemochromatosis | Hematology-Oncology Associates of CNY

  https://www.hoacny.com/patient-resources/blood-disorders/what-hemochromatosis/what-causes-hemochromatosis/living

  The outlook for people who have hemochromatosis largely depends on how much organ damage has already occurred at the time of diagnosis. Early diagnosis and treatment of the disorder are important. […] Treatment may help prevent, delay, or sometimes reverse complications of the disorder. Treatment also may lead to higher energy levels and better quality of life. With early diagnosis and treatment, a normal lifespan is possible. […] If you have hemochromatosis, getting ongoing care is important. Ongoing care may include: Continuing therapeutic phlebotomy, Taking medicines as prescribed, Contacting your doctor right away about new or worsening symptoms or possible reactions to phlebotomy, Following up regularly with your doctor about test results, ongoing treatments, and annual exams, Using a diary or log to track the amount of iron in your body. […] If you need routine phlebotomy, you may have to change your usual work times to schedule your treatments. You also may have to change your work schedule to allow for periods of fatigue (tiredness) or recovery, especially if your treatment weakens you.

• #59 Genetic haemochromatosis: diagnosis and treatment of an iron overload disorder

  https://journals.rcni.com/nursing-standard/evidence-and-practice/genetic-haemochromatosis-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-an-iron-overload-disorder-ns.2022.e11896

  Genetic haemochromatosis is a potentially serious iron overload disorder, yet there is a lack of awareness of the condition among the public and many healthcare professionals. […] To enhance your ability to support patients who require life-long treatment for genetic haemochromatosis. […] If undiagnosed, prolonged iron overload can lead to liver, heart and endocrine failure and may be fatal; however, early diagnosis, treatment and maintenance can enable patients to have a normal lifespan.

• #60 Health Professionals – Haemochromatosis Australia

  https://haemochromatosis.org.au/health-professionals/

  Haemochromatosis Treatment […] Therapeutic recommendations in HFE hemochromatosis […] Therapeutic Venesection: Guidelines for Health Professionals […] Illustrated Guide Venesection for hereditary haemochromatosis […] ThinkGP Haemochromatosis: Preventing harm caused by iron overload with timely diagnosis and best practice management free online CPD learning modules for GPs […] APNA Haemochromatosis for Nurses […] Online learning module from Australian Primary Health Care Nurses Association (APNA). […] This resource helps GP registrars develop an approach to the patient with possible iron overload, and encourages an understanding of the role for genetic testing. Included are a number of excellent clinical resources, and links to Haemochromatosis Australia. Find the teaching plan under Diagnoses on their Education Resources page.

• #61 Genetic haemochromatosis: diagnosis and treatment of an iron overload disorder

  https://journals.rcni.com/nursing-standard/evidence-and-practice/genetic-haemochromatosis-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-an-iron-overload-disorder-ns.2022.e11896

  Genetic haemochromatosis is a potentially serious iron overload disorder, yet there is a lack of awareness of the condition among the public and many healthcare professionals. […] To enhance your ability to support patients who require life-long treatment for genetic haemochromatosis. […] If undiagnosed, prolonged iron overload can lead to liver, heart and endocrine failure and may be fatal; however, early diagnosis, treatment and maintenance can enable patients to have a normal lifespan.

• #62 Hereditary hemochromatosis: Perspectives of public health, medical genetics, and primary care | Genetics in Medicine

  https://www.nature.com/articles/gim20031

  When a diagnosis of HHC is made, it also identifies family members who represent a group with a markedly higher a priori risk of iron overload disease than the general population. […] Heightening health care providers’ awareness of HHC has been identified as a public health goal. […] Education would have the goal of increasing providers’ awareness of HHC as a familial disorder and as a potential explanation for a group of common symptoms (e.g., unexplained fatigue, joint pain, palpitations, abdominal pain, abnormal liver function tests, hepatomegaly, or elevated serum ferritin). […] These observations argue forcefully for more research on the outcomes of testing and treatment in people with suspected early iron overload and in family members after an HHC diagnosis is made.

• #63 Genetic haemochromatosis: diagnosis and treatment of an iron overload disorder

  https://journals.rcni.com/nursing-standard/evidence-and-practice/genetic-haemochromatosis-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-an-iron-overload-disorder-ns.2022.e11896

  Genetic haemochromatosis is a potentially serious iron overload disorder, yet there is a lack of awareness of the condition among the public and many healthcare professionals. […] To enhance your ability to support patients who require life-long treatment for genetic haemochromatosis. […] If undiagnosed, prolonged iron overload can lead to liver, heart and endocrine failure and may be fatal; however, early diagnosis, treatment and maintenance can enable patients to have a normal lifespan.

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