Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Tinea Cruris – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554602/

  Tinea cruris, also known as jock itch, is an infection involving the genital, pubic, perineal, and perianal skin caused by pathogenic fungi known as dermatophytes. […] Cutaneous mycoses, including tinea cruris, affect 20 to 25 percent of the world’s population. […] Developing and tropical countries have an increased prevalence of dermatophyte infections secondary to high temperatures and increased humidity. […] In the United States, there have been an estimated 29.4 million cases of superficial fungal infections and over 51 million reported physician visits. […] Adolescent and adult males comprise the majority of patients seen for tinea cruris and are affected by the disorder with increased frequency. […] Worldwide increases in the occurrence of dermatophytoses and the discovery of recalcitrant infections have caused global concern.

• #2 Vanquishing jock itch requires a two-phase approach | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/vanquishing-jock-itch-requires-two-pronged-approach

  Jock itch is a topical infection that can be caused by keratin-loving fungi known as dermatophytes, and by a yeast known as candida. Also known as tinea cruris, jock itch is a red, scaly and very itchy rash that appears in areas of the body that stay warm and moist. […] It’s more common in men than in women, and it can also arise in people who perspire freely, individuals who are overweight and people with a weakened immune system. […] The battle against jock itch takes place on two fronts. One is the use of antifungal medications. […] Most people do have success with over-the-counter treatments. More persistent cases of jock itch can call for a prescription for topical medications, including oxiconazole or econazole, or an oral medication, such as fluconazole or itraconazole. […] If your condition persists despite meds and proper hygiene, you may not actually have jock itch. Other conditions, such as lichens planus, can present with similar symptoms.

• #3 Jock Itch (Tinea Cruris): Symptoms, Triggers, Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/jock-itch-tinea-cruris-fungal-infection-1068772

  Jock itch (tinea cruris) is a common, preventable fungal infection mainly affecting the groin, inner thighs, and buttocks. […] Jock itch is so-named because it commonly affects athletes who pass the fungus to others in locker rooms through wet towels and clothing. […] The fungi that cause jock itch thrive in warm, moist environments. It is both highly contagious and robust, able to penetrate and persist in the uppermost layers of the skin. Once an infection is established, it can spread as fungal spores are shed onto surrounding skin. […] Jock itch can affect anyone but is more common in certain groups, including males, younger people, and those who sweat heavily. […] Jock itch is more common in the summer, though it can occur at any time of year. […] Jock itch can be diagnosed under the microscope with a KOH test that helps isolate the fungus from other cells in a skin scraping. […] Most cases of jock itch can be effectively treated with over-the-counter topical antifungals, but difficult cases may also need a course of oral antifungals.

• #4 Tinea Cruris: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1091806-overview

  Tinea cruris (sometimes referred to as jock itch), a pruritic superficial fungal infection of the groin and adjacent skin, is the second most common clinical presentation for dermatophytosis. […] In a 2004 study by Foster et al, dermatophytosis accounted for approximately 10-20% of all visits to dermatologists in the United States from 1999 to 2002. […] For the period from 2005 to 2014, dermatophyte infections were responsible for 4,981,444 outpatient visits in the United States. […] In a 2024 study using data from a major US commercial laboratory (Labcorp), Zarzeka et al reported 2026 cases of tinea cruris for the period from March 1, 2019, to March 1, 2023; T rubrum was the most commonly isolated pathogen (77.6%), followed by T tonsurans (14.5%). […] Tinea cruris has a worldwide distribution but is found more commonly in hot humid climates.

• #5 Tinea cruris – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinea_cruris

  Tinea cruris is common in hot-humid climates, and is the second most common clinical presentation for dermatophytosis. […] It is uncommon in children.

• #6 Tinea Cruris: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1091806-overview

  A study from Iran found that tinea cruris was the second most common dermatophyte infection (after tinea corporis) in Tehran for the period from 2010 to 2020. […] Adults are affected by tinea cruris much more commonly than children are. […] Tinea cruris is three times more common in men than in women.

• #7 Tinea cruris

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/tinea-cruris

  Tinea cruris affects both sexes, with a male predominance (3:1). All ages can develop tinea cruris, adolescents and adults more commonly than children and the elderly. Tinea cruris can affect all races, being particularly common in hot humid tropical climates. […] Tinea cruris should be considered in the clinical setting of an asymmetrical scaly rash in the groin and confirmed on a skin scraping for mycology.

• #8 How Is Jock Itch Treated?

  https://www.contemporaryclinic.com/view/how-is-jock-itch-treated

  Tinea cruris is a common problem that mainly affects male adolescents and adults. […] Tinea cruris is widespread globally, particularly in places with high humidity and temperatures, such as the tropics. […] The condition is on the rise among women, especially those who wear clothing or stockings that are too tight; it is rarely found in children. […] Self-inoculation to the groin region may occur from tinea pedis on the foot, as the 2 infections are commonly associated with each other. […] Another possibility of infection is indirect contact through sharing sports equipment or towels. […] Accurate diagnosis requires a sample acquired from the progressing scale borders for a potassium-hydroxide exam. […] Steps can be taken to reduce its development and spread, but intervention is crucial, as the infection will not resolve by itself.

• #9 JOCK ITCH Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment – Cura4U

  https://cura4u.com/conditions/jock-itch

  Athletes tend to develop jock itch because they have to wear jockstraps or fitted undergarments and sweat a lot due to excessive physical activity. […] Jock itch is predominant among males. It can occur at any age, but it is more common among teenage or adolescent males. It is frequently observed in countries with a hot or humid climates.

• #10 What Is the Fastest Way to Cure Jock Itch? | Ochsner Health

  https://blog.ochsner.org/articles/what-is-the-fastest-way-to-cure-jock-itch

  Jock itch is a contagious fungal infection that causes an annoying and itchy rash in the genital, buttock and thigh region. […] Also known by the medical term tinea cruris, jock itch affects men three times more often than women. […] The jock itch fungus is very contagious. You can get it through sexual contact with an infected person or by sharing towels or clothes with someone who has it. […] Jock itch can last for months if left untreated. […] You can greatly lessen chances of getting jock itch by following these steps: Keep your groin area dry. Change your underwear often, especially if you sweat a lot. Wash workout clothes after each time you wear them. Avoid wearing clothes that are too tight, which can irritate your skin and increase your risk of jock itch. Don’t share clothing, towels or other personal items. Immediately treat and control athlete’s foot infection to prevent its spread to other regions.

• #11

  https://step1.medbullets.com/dermatology/112085/tinea-cruris

  incidence […] 10-20% lifetime incidence […] demographics […] adolescent and adult males […] adult females who are overweight or wear tight jeans […] risk factors […] close contact sports, such as wrestling […] moist warm environment […] immunocompromise […] contact with infected animals

• #12 How to Tell If It’s Jock Itch or a Yeast Infection

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/healthcareblog/teach-me/jock-itch-vs-yeast-infection-how-to-tell-the-difference

  Fungus loves moisture (and sugar). People who sweat a lot can be at an increased risk of the normal fungus (or bacteria) that lives on our bodies to then overgrow and cause symptoms, Dr. Gelow said. […] Some other risk factors can make it more likely to develop a yeast infection than others. These include having diabetes, being uncircumcised, having a weakened immune system, and being overweight. […] Jock itch is a fungal infection that causes a red, itchy rash in the groin area. The good news is that they are highly treatable. […] You can treat jock itch with over-the-counter antifungal creams, sprays, or powders that are specifically designed for fungal infections. It is important to follow the instructions provided and continue the treatment on affected areas for the recommended duration, even if symptoms improve. For severe or long-lasting cases, a doctor may prescribe stronger antifungal drugs or suggest additional medical treatments.

• #13 Patient education: Ringworm (including athlete’s foot and jock itch) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/ringworm-including-athletes-foot-and-jock-itch-beyond-the-basics

  JOCK ITCH (TINEA CRURIS) […] Tinea cruris usually starts by causing a red, itchy rash in the groin, the crease where the leg meets the trunk. From there, it can spread onto the thighs and toward the buttocks or anus. It is more common in men than in women, and it often surfaces during warm or hot weather, after a bout of heavy sweating. The most common source of this infection is the person’s own tinea pedis (athlete’s foot). […] Most cases of tinea cruris can be successfully treated with an antifungal cream/lotion/gel, some of which are available without a prescription. The treatment is usually applied once or twice per day for three to four weeks. It’s essential, though, to treat tinea pedis (athlete’s foot) at the same time; otherwise, the groin infection will likely recur. During treatment, avoid tight-fitting clothes.

• #14 Will Jock Itch Go Away on Its Own?

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/will_jock_itch_go_away_on_its_own/article_em.htm

  Jock itch occurs more frequently in men than in women, and often during warm or hot weather or after a period of heavy sweating. […] Jock itch (tinea cruris) is diagnosed with a physical examination of the affected skin. […] Most cases of jock itch (tinea cruris) will not go away on their own, but can be successfully treated with an antifungal creams/lotions/gels, many of which are available over-the-counter (OTC) without a prescription. […] To prevent jock itch (tinea cruris) and other skin infections:

• #15 Is Jock Itch Contagious? Through Sex, to Females, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/is-jock-itch-contagious

  Jock itch is a fungal infection that can spread from one person to another and from one area of your body to another. […] The fungus that causes jock itch can be spread from person to person. […] Jock itch gets its name from how easily it spreads in places like locker rooms where personal items are shared and moisture is common. […] To stop the spread of jock itch, personal items should be limited to your personal use. […] Having jock itch puts you at risk for developing infections elsewhere from the same fungus. […] Jock itch is contagious for as long as you have infected spores from the fungus living on your skin. […] Since jock itch is contagious, it’s especially important to get treatment. […] If you have untreated jock itch, it can be transmitted to others.

• #16 EMPD vs. Jock Itch: Why Similar Symptoms Can Lead to a Misdiagnosis — myEMPD.com

  https://www.myempd.com/jock-itch

  Jock itch, or tinea cruris, is a common fungal infection that primarily affects the groin area. […] Though typically benign, jock itch can spread to adjacent areas like the inner thighs, buttocks, or abdomen if left untreated, potentially leading to secondary bacterial infections. […] Accurate diagnosis is essential due to the different underlying causes and treatment needs of these conditions. […] If youre experiencing persistent itching, significant changes in your skin, or have other health concerns, seek medical advice. A thorough examination by a healthcare provider can help differentiate between jock itch and more serious conditions like extramammary Pagets disease (EMPD).

• #17 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/news/20240605/Emerging-strains-of-resistant-ringworm-pose-new-public-health-threats-in-the-US.aspx

  Healthcare providers should watch out for new and highly contagious forms of ringworm or jock itch, which are emerging as a potential public health threat, according to a pair of reports. […] Both species of fungi are among a group that causes skin rashes, or tinea, that easily spread on the face and limbs (ringworm), groin (jock itch), and feet (athlete’s foot). […] Healthcare providers should be aware that Trichophyton mentagrophytes type VII is the latest in a group of severe skin infections to have now reached the United States. […] The researchers caution that while dermatologists should be on the alert for signs of TMVII and T. indotineae in their patients, rates so far remain low in the U.S.

• #18 Experts Alert Doctors & the Public to the Arrival of Hard-to-Treat Fungal Skin Infections in the U.S. | NYU Langone News

  https://nyulangone.org/news/experts-alert-doctors-public-arrival-hard-treat-fungal-skin-infections-us

  Healthcare providers should watch out for new and highly contagious forms of ringworm or jock itch, which are emerging as a potential public health threat, according to a pair of reports. […] Healthcare providers should be aware that Trichophyton mentagrophytes type VII is the latest in a group of severe skin infections to have now reached the United States, said study lead author and dermatologist Avrom S. Caplan, MD. […] The researchers caution that while dermatologists should be on the alert for signs of TMVII and T. indotineae in their patients, rates so far remain low in the United States.

• #19 Patient education: Ringworm (including athlete’s foot and jock itch) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/ringworm-including-athletes-foot-and-jock-itch-beyond-the-basics

  […] […] This article will discuss the symptoms and treatment of each type of ringworm infection. More detailed information about tinea is available by subscription (see „Dermatophyte (tinea) infections”). Fungal nail infections are also discussed separately. (See „Onychomycosis: Epidemiology, clinical features, and diagnosis”.) […] […] […] To prevent ringworm and other skin infections: […] Do not share clothing, sports equipment, or towels with other people. […] When at the gym, local pool, or other public areas (including the shower), always wear slippers or sandals. […] Wash thoroughly with soap and shampoo after any sport involving skin-to-skin contact. […] Avoid tight-fitting clothing. Change your socks and underwear at least once a day.

• #20 Patient education: Ringworm (including athlete’s foot and jock itch) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/ringworm-including-athletes-foot-and-jock-itch-beyond-the-basics

  Keep your skin clean and dry. Always dry yourself completely after bathing. […] If you have athlete’s foot, put your socks on before your underwear so that the infection does not spread to other parts of your body. […] Take your pet to the vet if it has patches of missing hair or a rash. That could be a sign of a tinea infection. […] If you or someone in your family has symptoms of ringworm, make sure s/he is treated right away. Otherwise, the infection may spread. […] If you have ringworm, make sure you use the treatment for the length of time suggested. It is important to complete the full treatment course.

• #21 Jock Itch

  https://www.seattlechildrens.org/conditions/a-z/jock-itch/

  Jock itch is common in teens. It is harmless. […] It’s caused by a fungus that grows best on warm, damp skin. […] Jock itch will heal faster if the groin area is kept dry. […] Jock itch is not easily spread to others. The fungus can’t grow on dry, normal skin.

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