Bulimia nerwicowa nieograniczona

Bulimia nerwicowa nieograniczona
Epidemiologia

Bulimia nerwicowa nieograniczona (BED) jest najczęściej występującym zaburzeniem odżywiania, z rozpowszechnieniem w populacji ogólnej wynoszącym 0,6-1,8% u kobiet i 0,3-0,7% u mężczyzn według DSM-5, a w niektórych badaniach nawet do 3,5% u kobiet i 2% u mężczyzn. Wiek początku choroby mieści się głównie między 12,4 a 24,7 rokiem życia, z rosnącym rozpowszechnieniem aż do 40 roku życia. Czynniki ryzyka obejmują predyspozycje genetyczne (dziedziczność 41-57%), niski status społeczno-ekonomiczny (RR 2,05), orientację homoseksualną/biseksualną (RR 2,25), mniejszości etniczne oraz doświadczenie traumy, przemocy i restrykcyjnych diet. BED współwystępuje z licznymi zaburzeniami psychicznymi (79% z co najmniej jednym zaburzeniem, 48,9% z ≥3), w tym zaburzeniami nastroju (70%), lękowymi (59%), PTSD (32%) oraz wysokim ryzykiem prób samobójczych (23%). Ponadto, BED jest silnie powiązane z otyłością, cukrzycą typu 2, nadciśnieniem i zespołem metabolicznym, a standaryzowany współczynnik śmiertelności (SMR) wynosi 1,5-1,8.

Epidemiologia bulimii nerwicowej nieograniczonej

Bulimia nerwicowa nieograniczona (ang. Binge Eating Disorder, BED) jest obecnie najczęściej występującym zaburzeniem odżywiania zarówno w Stanach Zjednoczonych, jak i na całym świecie. Według najnowszych danych epidemiologicznych, choroba dotyka około 1,5% kobiet i 0,3% mężczyzn w populacji ogólnej. Rozpowszechnienie w ciągu całego życia (lifetime prevalence) dla zaburzenia według kryteriów DSM-5 wynosi 0,6-1,8% wśród kobiet i 0,3-0,7% wśród mężczyzn¹². Niektóre badania wskazują nawet na wyższe wskaźniki, sugerując że rozpowszechnienie w ciągu życia może sięgać 3,5% u kobiet i 2% u mężczyzn w populacji ogólnej³⁴.

Międzynarodowe badania wskazują, że przeciętne rozpowszechnienie w ciągu życia dla BED wynosi od 1,1% do 1,9%, choć w badaniach przeprowadzonych w Stanach Zjednoczonych wskaźnik ten jest nieco wyższy i wynosi około 2,6%⁵⁶. W badaniu przekrojowym przeprowadzonym w wielu krajach wykazano średnie rozpowszechnienie bulimii nerwicowej nieograniczonej na poziomie 2%⁷.

Różnice demograficzne w występowaniu BED

BED występuje częściej u kobiet niż u mężczyzn, jednak stosunek rozpowszechnienia między płciami jest mniejszy niż w przypadku innych zaburzeń odżywiania. Podczas gdy w anoreksji czy bulimii stosunek kobiet do mężczyzn wynosi około 10-20:1, w przypadku BED jest to zazwyczaj 1,5-6:1⁸⁹. Roczne rozpowszechnienie BED wynosi 0,96% dla kobiet i 0,26% dla mężczyzn¹⁰.

Wiek początku choroby jest zróżnicowany. Większość przypadków pojawia się w późnej adolescencji lub wczesnej dorosłości, zazwyczaj między 12,4 a 24,7 rokiem życia¹¹¹². Jednak wskaźniki rozpowszechnienia BED rosną aż do 40 roku życia, co odróżnia to zaburzenie od innych zaburzeń odżywiania, które zazwyczaj mają szczyt występowania w młodszym wieku¹³. U kobiet najwyższe wskaźniki występowania (około 2,09%) obserwuje się w wieku 20-29 lat, natomiast u mężczyzn najwyższe rozpowszechnienie (0,48%) występuje w wieku 10-19 lat¹⁴.

Rozpowszechnienie BED wśród młodzieży

Wśród młodzieży bulimia nerwicowa nieograniczona jest jeszcze bardziej rozpowszechniona niż wśród dorosłych, jednak często ma charakter przejściowy¹⁵. Badania wykazują, że około 1,0-1,4% nastolatków spełnia kryteria diagnostyczne dla BED¹⁶¹⁷. Jednak znacznie więcej młodych osób doświadcza objawów subklinicznych zaburzeń odżywiania. W populacji ogólnej, międzynarodowe badania wykazały, że 26% nastolatek i 13% nastolatków doświadczyło co najmniej jednego epizodu napadowego objadania się w ciągu ostatnich 12 miesięcy¹⁸.

Według badania prowadzonego w Stanach Zjednoczonych wśród wczesnych nastolatków (10-14 lat), rozpowszechnienie BED wynosiło 1,0%, a zachowań związanych z napadowym objadaniem się 6,3%¹⁹²⁰. Badania długoterminowe wskazują, że częstość występowania BED zwiększa się wraz z wiekiem, osiągając szczyt w wieku 19-22 lat dla dziewcząt i 24 lat dla chłopców²¹.

Szczególnie niepokojące jest to, że wśród duńskich nastolatków aż 8,5% zgłasza cotygodniowe epizody napadowego objadania się²², co może wskazywać na rosnący problem w tej grupie wiekowej.

Czynniki ryzyka i grupy szczególnie narażone

Czynniki ryzyka rozwoju bulimii nerwicowej nieograniczonej są złożone i obejmują aspekty genetyczne, środowiskowe, psychologiczne oraz społeczno-demograficzne.

Czynniki genetyczne

Badania wykazały istotnie podwyższone ryzyko względne wśród członków rodzin osób z BED, a dane z badań bliźniąt wskazują na szacunki dziedziczności w zakresie 41-57%²³. Oznacza to, że predyspozycje genetyczne odgrywają znaczącą rolę w rozwoju tego zaburzenia odżywiania.

Czynniki socjodemograficzne

Szczególnie narażone na rozwój BED są osoby:

Z niższym statusem społeczno-ekonomicznym – osoby z gospodarstw domowych o dochodach poniżej 75 000 USD mają 2,05 razy większe szanse na rozwój BED²⁴
Identyfikujące się jako osoby homoseksualne lub biseksualne – wykazują 2,25 razy większe szanse na rozwój BED w porównaniu do osób heteroseksualnych²⁵
Z mniejszości etnicznych i rasowych – badania wskazują na wyższe wskaźniki wśród osób pochodzenia rdzenno-amerykańskiego, azjatyckiego i latynoskiego²⁶²⁷

Badania wskazują również, że osoby doświadczające niepewności żywnościowej mają 1,66-1,67 razy większe szanse na rozwój BED lub subklinicznego BED²⁸.

Czynniki psychologiczne i traumatyczne

Zwiększone ryzyko rozwoju BED związane jest również z:

Doświadczeniem przemocy i traumy²⁹
Obecnością poważnych chorób psychicznych³⁰
Doświadczeniem deprywacji lub wykorzystywania seksualnego³¹
Długotrwałym stosowaniem restrykcyjnych diet³²

Nowe czynniki ryzyka

Nowsze badania identyfikują również dodatkowe czynniki ryzyka:

Czas spędzany przed ekranami – każda dodatkowa godzina dziennie związana jest z 1,11 razy większym ryzykiem BED³³
Zmiany hormonalne – menopauza u kobiet w średnim wieku zwiększa ryzyko zaburzeń odżywiania³⁴³⁵
Pandemia COVID-19 – obserwowano wzrost zachorowań po wybuchu pandemii³⁶³⁷

Chorobowość współistniejąca i następstwa zdrowotne

Bulimia nerwicowa nieograniczona często współwystępuje z innymi schorzeniami, zarówno fizycznymi, jak i psychicznymi. Około 79% osób z historią BED ma co najmniej jedno współistniejące zaburzenie psychiczne w ciągu życia, a u 48,9% osób obserwuje się 3 lub więcej współistniejących stanów³⁸.

Współistniejące zaburzenia psychiczne

W reprezentatywnym badaniu z USA, wśród osób z BED praktycznie wszyscy (94%) zgłaszali objawy zaburzeń psychicznych w ciągu życia³⁹⁴⁰:

70% – zaburzenia nastroju
68% – zaburzenia związane z używaniem substancji
59% – zaburzenia lękowe
49% – osobowość borderline
32% – zespół stresu pourazowego (PTSD)

Szczególnie niepokojący jest fakt, że aż 23% osób z BED podejmowało próby samobójcze⁴¹⁴². U osób z BED często diagnozuje się również depresję i zaburzenia lękowe, które zarówno poprzedzają, jak i mogą być konsekwencją napadowego objadania się⁴³⁴⁴.

Współistniejące schorzenia somatyczne

BED często współwystępuje z:

Otyłością – związek między BED a otyłością staje się coraz bardziej wyraźny, a częstość występowania BED wzrasta wraz ze stopniem otyłości⁴⁵
Cukrzycą typu 2⁴⁶
Nadciśnieniem tętniczym⁴⁷
Zespołem metabolicznym⁴⁸
Chorobami sercowo-naczyniowymi⁴⁹

Szacuje się, że 30-40% osób poszukujących leczenia otyłości spełnia kryteria diagnostyczne dla BED⁵⁰⁵¹. W porównaniu z osobami bez zaburzeń odżywiania, osoby z BED statystycznie rzadziej mają BMI poniżej 25, a częściej BMI powyżej 25⁵².

Śmiertelność

Dane dotyczące śmiertelności w BED są ograniczone, jednak szacuje się, że standaryzowany współczynnik śmiertelności (SMR) wynosi 1,5-1,8⁵³. Oznacza to, że osoby z BED mają 1,5-1,8 razy wyższe ryzyko zgonu w porównaniu do populacji ogólnej.

Obciążenie ekonomiczne i wykorzystanie opieki zdrowotnej

BED wiąże się ze zwiększonym wykorzystaniem opieki zdrowotnej i związanymi z tym kosztami⁵⁴. Roczne bezpośrednie koszty opieki zdrowotnej na jednego pacjenta z BED wahają się od 2372 do 3731 dolarów⁵⁵⁵⁶.

Niestety, pomimo znaczącego upośledzenia funkcjonowania, tylko 14-24% osób z 12-miesięcznym rozpoznaniem zaburzeń odżywiania poszukuje leczenia⁵⁷. Mniej niż połowa (43,6%) osób z BED otrzymuje jakiekolwiek leczenie⁵⁸. Wiele osób dorosłych z BED zgłasza długotrwałe objawy, ale mniej niż połowa z nich jest rozpoznawana w systemie opieki zdrowotnej⁵⁹.

Te dane wskazują na istnienie znaczącej luki w rozpoznawaniu i leczeniu BED, co podkreśla potrzebę lepszych programów profilaktycznych, wczesnego wykrywania i interwencji terapeutycznych.

Trendy i zmiany w epidemiologii BED

W ostatnich latach obserwuje się wzrost rozpowszechnienia zaburzeń odżywiania, w tym bulimii nerwicowej nieograniczonej. Między 2000 a 2018 rokiem częstość występowania zaburzeń odżywiania na świecie więcej niż podwoiła się (z 3,4% do 7,8% ogółu populacji)⁶⁰.

Trendy regionalne i międzynarodowe

Rozpowszechnienie BED różni się w zależności od regionu geograficznego:

W krajach nordyckich (Finlandia, Szwecja, Norwegia, Islandia) częstość występowania jest niższa w porównaniu z resztą Europy – punktowe rozpowszechnienie wynosi 0,4-1,5%, a rozpowszechnienie w ciągu życia 0,7-5,8% u kobiet⁶¹
W krajach Ameryki Łacińskiej (Argentyna, Brazylia, Chile, Kolumbia, Meksyk, Wenezuela) punktowe rozpowszechnienie BED wynosi 3,53%, co jest wyższe niż w krajach zachodnich⁶²⁶³
W Europie rozpowszechnienie BED waha się od 1 do 4%⁶⁴
W Australii szacuje się, że około 1,1 miliona osób (4,45% populacji) cierpi na zaburzenia odżywiania, z czego BED stanowi 47% wszystkich przypadków⁶⁵⁶⁶

Niepokojącym trendem jest wzrost liczby przypadków zaburzeń odżywiania wśród młodszych grup wiekowych. W Australii 27% przypadków zaburzeń odżywiania dotyka osób w wieku 10-19 lat, co stanowi niemal dwukrotny wzrost od 2012 roku⁶⁷.

Wpływ pandemii COVID-19

Pandemia COVID-19 miała znaczący wpływ na wzrost występowania zaburzeń odżywiania. W marcu i kwietniu 2020 roku National Eating Disorders Association w USA odnotowało 75% wzrost wiadomości na ich infolinii pomocowej w porównaniu z tym samym okresem w roku poprzednim⁶⁸.

Badania wśród personelu wojskowego USA wykazały, że roczne wskaźniki zapadalności na zaburzenia odżywiania ogółem wzrosły w 2021 roku po pandemii COVID-19. Roczne wskaźniki zapadalności na wszystkie zaburzenia odżywiania wzrosły o około 79% między 2017 a 2021 rokiem⁶⁹⁷⁰.

Nadzór i monitorowanie epidemiologiczne BED

Skuteczny nadzór epidemiologiczny nad zaburzeniami odżywiania, w tym BED, jest kluczowy dla zrozumienia trendów, identyfikacji grup ryzyka i opracowania odpowiednich interwencji zdrowia publicznego.

Wyzwania w nadzorze epidemiologicznym

Istnieje kilka wyzwań związanych z monitorowaniem epidemiologicznym BED:

Brak standaryzowanych metod zbierania danych na poziomie populacyjnym⁷¹
Różnice w metodologii badań epidemiologicznych⁷²
Brak czułości narzędzi przesiewowych, szczególnie w odniesieniu do mężczyzn⁷³⁷⁴
Historyczne postrzeganie zaburzeń odżywiania jako „zjawiska żeńskiego”⁷⁵
Zróżnicowanie w rozpowszechnieniu BED w zależności od stosowanych kryteriów diagnostycznych (DSM-IV vs. DSM-5)⁷⁶

Wiele osób z BED nie zgłasza się po pomoc z powodu wstydu, zaprzeczania chorobie lub nieświadomości problemu, co prowadzi do niedoszacowania rzeczywistej skali zjawiska⁷⁷. Mężczyźni często nie zgłaszają BED jako problemu osobistego, co może być wynikiem błędu pomiaru wynikającego ze sposobu definiowania zaburzeń odżywiania, które tradycyjnie koncentrują się na szczupłości, podczas gdy zaburzenia odżywiania u mężczyzn często koncentrują się na muskulaturze⁷⁸.

Inicjatywy poprawiające nadzór epidemiologiczny

Podejmowane są wysiłki w celu poprawy nadzoru epidemiologicznego nad zaburzeniami odżywiania:

Włączenie pytania oceniającego napadowe objadanie się do kwestionariusza National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) na 2025 rok w USA – to pierwszy raz od ponad dekady, gdy takie dane będą zbierane⁷⁹
Wzrost liczby badań populacyjnych i społecznych w dziedzinie zaburzeń odżywiania⁸⁰
Inicjatywy promujące bardziej rygorystyczne badania populacyjne w celu lepszego wsparcia odpowiednich zasobów i polityk dotyczących zaburzeń odżywiania⁸¹

Lepsze dane epidemiologiczne są niezbędne do opracowania ukierunkowanych programów profilaktycznych, wczesnego wykrywania i edukacji dla BED, szczególnie wśród wczesnych nastolatków⁸².

Podsumowanie wyzwań i kierunków działań

Bulimia nerwicowa nieograniczona stanowi istotne wyzwanie dla zdrowia publicznego, zarówno samodzielnie, jak i ze względu na jej wpływ na otyłość, cukrzycę i inne choroby współistniejące⁸³⁸⁴. Mimo że jest to najczęstsze zaburzenie odżywiania wśród dorosłych, otrzymuje mniej uwagi mediów i badań w porównaniu z anoreksją i bulimią⁸⁵.

Kluczowe wyzwania epidemiologiczne związane z BED obejmują:

Niedostateczne rozpoznawanie i leczenie – mniej niż połowa przypadków jest rozpoznawana w opiece zdrowotnej⁸⁶
Brak świadomości zaburzenia – wielu pacjentów nie jest świadomych choroby i zgłasza się na leczenie z powodu problemów związanych z wagą lub współistniejących stanów⁸⁷
Stygmatyzacja i wstyd – BED jest często niewidoczne i pomijane, być może ze względu na uprzedzenia społeczne⁸⁸
Zwiększone ryzyko samobójstwa i współistniejących chorób psychicznych⁸⁹

Potencjalne kierunki działań obejmują:

Zwiększenie świadomości BED wśród pracowników ochrony zdrowia i społeczeństwa
Usprawnienie narzędzi przesiewowych i diagnostycznych, szczególnie w podstawowej opiece zdrowotnej⁹⁰
Rozwój programów profilaktycznych ukierunkowanych na grupy wysokiego ryzyka
Poprawa dostępu do leczenia dla osób z BED
Dalsze badania nad skutecznymi interwencjami terapeutycznymi
Uwzględnienie aspektów sprawiedliwości społecznej i równości w profilaktyce, wykrywaniu i leczeniu BED⁹¹

Wczesne rozpoznanie i dokładna diagnoza mogą pomóc w łagodzeniu długoterminowego wpływu BED na zdrowie i jakość życia pacjentów⁹². Gabinet lekarza rodzinnego jest idealnym miejscem do identyfikacji zaburzeń odżywiania i rozpoczęcia leczenia w odpowiednim czasie⁹³.

Przyszłość badań epidemiologicznych nad BED

Przyszłe badania epidemiologiczne powinny skupić się na:

Lepszym zrozumieniu naturalnego przebiegu BED – badania wskazują, że BED poprawia się z czasem, ale pełna remisja często zajmuje wiele lat, a nawroty są częste⁹⁴
Badaniu wpływu czynników społeczno-kulturowych na ryzyko BED
Identyfikacji skutecznych strategii profilaktycznych dla grup wysokiego ryzyka
Analizie wpływu zmian społecznych (np. media społecznościowe, pandemia) na trendy epidemiologiczne
Opracowaniu bardziej czułych narzędzi przesiewowych dla różnych grup demograficznych

Lepsze zrozumienie epidemiologii BED przyczyni się do opracowania skuteczniejszych strategii zdrowia publicznego i interwencji klinicznych dla tego powszechnego, ale często nierozpoznawanego zaburzenia odżywiania.

Kolejne rozdziały

Zapraszamy do dalszego czytania naszego leksykonu.

Wybierz kolejny rozdział z menu poniżej, aby otworzyć nową podstronę kompedium wiedzy i uzyskać szczegółowe informację o leku, substancji lub chorobie.

Materiały źródłowe

#1
https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2021/11000/epidemiology_of_binge_eating_disorder__prevalence,.3.aspx
Binge eating disorder (BED) is currently estimated to affect 1.5% of women and 0.3% of men worldwide; a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-5 BED is reported by 0.6-1.8% of women and 0.3-0.7% of men. […] In adolescence, BED is even more prevalent, but often transient. Many adults with BED report longstanding symptoms; less than half are recognized in healthcare. […] Commonly co-occurring conditions include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. […] In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. […] Data on mortality are scarce, but the standardized mortality ratio of BED is estimated to be 1.5-1.8. […] Various minority statuses, deprivation, violence, trauma, and major mental illness may increase the risk of BED.
#2 Epidemiology of binge eating disorder: prevalence, course, comorb…: Ingenta Connect
https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/wk/yco/2021/00000034/00000006/art00003
Binge eating disorder (BED) is a new diagnosis in the Fifth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and the Eleventh Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11. DSM-5 BED is currently estimated to affect 1.5% of women and 0.3% of men worldwide; a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-5 BED is reported by 0.6-1.8% of women and 0.3-0.7% of men. […] In adolescence, BED is even more prevalent, but often transient. Many adults with BED report longstanding symptoms; less than half are recognized in healthcare. Commonly co-occurring conditions include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. Data on mortality are scarce, but the standardized mortality ratio of BED is estimated to be 1.5-1.8. Various minority statuses, deprivation, violence, trauma, and major mental illness may increase the risk of BED. […] BED is often invisible and overlooked, perhaps due to societal biases. For this reason, prevention, detection, and management of BED are closely linked with social justice and equity.
#3 Binge Eating Disorder – Psychiatric Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition
https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/eating-disorders/binge-eating-disorder
Binge eating disorder affects about 3.5% of women and 2% of men in the general population during their lifetime. […] Unlike bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder occurs most commonly among people with overweight or obesity and contributes to excessive caloric intake; it may be present in 30% of patients in some weight-reduction programs. […] Compared with people with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, those with binge eating disorder are older and more likely to be male. […] Diagnose binge eating disorder based on clinical criteria (including binge eating, on average, at least once/week for 3 months, with a sense of lack of control over eating).
#4 Eating disorder statistics and facts 2025 | SingleCare
https://www.singlecare.com/blog/news/eating-disorder-statistics/
Binge eating disorder is characterized by frequent episodes of consuming unusually large amounts of food in a relatively short time. A person with binge eating disorder often feels binge eating is outside of his or her control and may feel shame because of it. […] Binge eating disorder is the most common eating disorder in the U.S. (National Eating Disorders Association) […] Nearly 3% of adults experience binge eating disorder in their lifetime. (Biological Psychiatry, 2007) […] American women (3.5%) and men (2%) experience a binge eating disorder during their lifetime, making binge eating disorder three times more common than anorexia and bulimia combined. (Biological Psychiatry, 2007) […] Less than half (43.6%) of people with binge eating disorder will receive treatment. (Osteopathic Family Physician, 2013)
#5 Binge Eating Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551700/
Binge eating disorder is more common in women compared to men, often starting in late adolescence or early adulthood. This condition is also more common in students and those without a college education. The lifetime prevalence of binge eating disorder averages 1.9% in international surveys and 2.6% in studies conducted in the United States. Approximately 79% of people with a history of binge eating disorder have at least 1 lifetime psychiatric comorbidity. In an estimated 48.9% of people, 3 comorbid conditions are observed, including: […] Compared to individuals without eating disorders, those with binge eating disorders are statistically less likely to have a body mass index (BMI) 25 and are more likely to have a BMI 25. However, the precise distribution of these differences varies for each population tested.
#6
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40519-014-0173-9
To perform a systematic review on the epidemiology, the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and economic burden of binge eating disorder (BED). […] Data on epidemiology were reported in 31, HRQoL burden in 16, and economic burden in 7 studies. […] Lifetime prevalence of BED was 1.1-1.9 % in the general population (DSM-IV). […] Compared to individuals without eating disorder, BED was related to increased healthcare utilization and costs. Annual direct healthcare costs per BED patient ranged between $2,372 and $3,731. […] BED is a serious eating disorder that impairs HRQoL and is related to increased healthcare utilization and healthcare costs. […] The majority of BED cases occurred first in peoples lives between the ages of 12.4 and 24.7 years; however, the prevalence of BED continued to rise until 40 years old.
#7 Classification and epidemiology of eating disorders in the DSM-5
https://psychiatry-psychopharmacology.com/en/classification-and-epidemiology-of-eating-disorders-in-the-dsm-5-132632
In a cross-national survey, average lifetime prevalence of binge-eating disorder was 2%. […] Community studies show that most people with eating disorders do not receive any treatment at all, either because they are not detected or because they refuse treatment due to shame or denial of their illness.
#8 Binge eating disorder – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binge_eating_disorder
Lifetime prevalence rates for BED in women can range anywhere from 1.5 to 6 times higher than in men. […] One literature review found that point prevalence rates for BED vary from 0.1 percent to 24.1 percent depending on the sample. […] This same review also found that the 12-month prevalence rates vary between 0.1 percent to 8.8 percent. […] Adolescents also have a high risk of binge eating behavior. […] The prevalence of BED is lower in Nordic countries compared to Europe in a study that included Finland, Sweden, Norway, and Iceland. […] The point prevalence ranged from 0.4 to 1.5 percent and the lifetime prevalence ranged from 0.7 to 5.8 percent for BED in women. […] In a study that included Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Venezuela, the point prevalence for BED was 3.53 percent.
#9 Anorexia Nervosa: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/912187-overview
This disorder is probably underdiagnosed in black individuals and males because of a lower index of suspicion. […] Anorexia nervosa is more common in women than in men, with a female-to-male ratio of 10-20:1 in developed countries. In some professions, however, the frequency is much higher among men (wrestling, running, modeling) than it is in the general male population. […] Anorexia nervosa has been observed in both the very young and very old, but the disorder is primarily a phenomenon of puberty and early adulthood. Eighty-five percent of patients have onset of the disorder between the ages of 13 and 18 years (although a survey of adolescents by Swanson et al found a median age of onset of 12.3 y). Patients who are older at the time of onset of the disorder have a worse prognosis, as do patients with an onset before age 11 years.
#10 Eating Disorder Statistics – National Eating Disorders Association
https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/statistics/
One-year prevalence of binge eating disorder is 0.96% for females and 0.26% for males. […] In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. […] Food insecurity is associated with 1.67 higher odds of BED or subclinical BED and 1.31 higher odds of binge eating symptoms in early adolescence. […] A recent meta analysis found that the odds of adults having binge eating if they experience food insecurity are 1.66 times the odds of adults having binge eating if they have food security.
#11 Binge eating disorder – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binge_eating_disorder
Binge eating disorder (BED) is a recently described condition, which was introduced to distinguish binge eating similar to that seen in bulimia nervosa but without characteristic purging. […] Binge eating is one of the most prevalent eating disorders among adults, though it receives less media coverage and research about the disorder compared to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. […] The prevalence of BED in the general population is approximately 1-3%. […] BED cases usually occur between the ages of 12.4 and 24.7, but prevalence rates increase until the age of 40. […] Binge eating disorder is the most common eating disorder in adults. […] The lifetime prevalence of binge eating disorder has been observed in studies to be 2.0 percent for men and 3.5 percent for women, higher than that of the commonly recognized eating disorders anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
#12
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40519-014-0173-9
To perform a systematic review on the epidemiology, the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and economic burden of binge eating disorder (BED). […] Data on epidemiology were reported in 31, HRQoL burden in 16, and economic burden in 7 studies. […] Lifetime prevalence of BED was 1.1-1.9 % in the general population (DSM-IV). […] Compared to individuals without eating disorder, BED was related to increased healthcare utilization and costs. Annual direct healthcare costs per BED patient ranged between $2,372 and $3,731. […] BED is a serious eating disorder that impairs HRQoL and is related to increased healthcare utilization and healthcare costs. […] The majority of BED cases occurred first in peoples lives between the ages of 12.4 and 24.7 years; however, the prevalence of BED continued to rise until 40 years old.
#13
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40519-014-0173-9
To perform a systematic review on the epidemiology, the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and economic burden of binge eating disorder (BED). […] Data on epidemiology were reported in 31, HRQoL burden in 16, and economic burden in 7 studies. […] Lifetime prevalence of BED was 1.1-1.9 % in the general population (DSM-IV). […] Compared to individuals without eating disorder, BED was related to increased healthcare utilization and costs. Annual direct healthcare costs per BED patient ranged between $2,372 and $3,731. […] BED is a serious eating disorder that impairs HRQoL and is related to increased healthcare utilization and healthcare costs. […] The majority of BED cases occurred first in peoples lives between the ages of 12.4 and 24.7 years; however, the prevalence of BED continued to rise until 40 years old.
#14 2024 Binge-Eating Disorder Statistics: 61 Unthinkable Facts
https://breakbingeeating.com/binge-eating-disorder-statistics/
The point prevalence of BED in children worldwide is 0.7% […] The one-year point prevalence of BED adults is 1.1% […] The lifetime prevalence of BED in adults is 2.3% […] By 2030, it is estimated that around half a million US men will have BED […] By 2030, it is estimated that around 1.5 million US women will have BED […] One year prevalence of BED in men is 0.26%, with men aged 10-19 years having the highest prevalence (0.48%) […] Women aged 20-29 years have the highest BED prevalence rates, estimated to be 2.09% […] 1.32% of children/adolescents have binge-eating disorder […] 3% of children/adolescents have subclinical binge-eating disorder […] A formal binge-eating disorder diagnosis is established 3 years after the onset of symptoms […] 8.5% of Danish adolescents report weekly binge eating […] 13% of gender diverse individuals reported an eating disorder of recurrent binge eating […] 30% of Slovenian adults report clinically significant binge eating symptoms […] Each additional hour of total screen time per day was associated with 1.11 higher odds of binge-eating disorder.
#15
https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2021/11000/epidemiology_of_binge_eating_disorder__prevalence,.3.aspx
Binge eating disorder (BED) is currently estimated to affect 1.5% of women and 0.3% of men worldwide; a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-5 BED is reported by 0.6-1.8% of women and 0.3-0.7% of men. […] In adolescence, BED is even more prevalent, but often transient. Many adults with BED report longstanding symptoms; less than half are recognized in healthcare. […] Commonly co-occurring conditions include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. […] In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. […] Data on mortality are scarce, but the standardized mortality ratio of BED is estimated to be 1.5-1.8. […] Various minority statuses, deprivation, violence, trauma, and major mental illness may increase the risk of BED.
#16 Epidemiology of eating disorders in a representative sample of adolescents
https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?pid=S0185-33252012000600005&script=sci_abstract&tlng=en
Epidemiology of eating disorders in a representative sample of adolescents. The objective of this article is to estimate the prevalence of DSM-IV anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder in the general adolescent population of the Mexico City Metropolitan Area. The lifetime prevalence of anorexia, bulimia and binge-eating disorder in the Mexico City adolescent population is 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.4%, respectively. Between 83% and 100% report any impairment and all of those with anorexia and almost half of those with bulimia and binge-eating disorder report serious impairment. However, only 14% to 24% of those with a 12-month eating disorder have sought treatment despite the associated impairment. There is greater prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders, suicidal behavior and psychosocial adversities in those with an eating disorder than in those without such a disorder. These results clearly demonstrate a treatment gap for these disorders in our adolescent population. […] They highlight the importance of programs for the prevention of risky eating behaviors, early detection focusing on vulnerable groups such as those who have suffered adversity like sexual abuse, and the reduction of treatment seeking and utilization barriers.
#17 The social epidemiology of binge-eating disorder and behaviors in early adolescents | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text
https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00904-x
Binge-eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder phenotype and is linked to several negative health outcomes. Yet, little is known about the social epidemiology of BED, particularly in early adolescence. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and BED and binge-eating behaviors in a large, national cohort of 10-14-year-old adolescents in the United States (U.S.) […] In this early adolescent sample (48.8% female, 54.0% White, 19.8% Latino/Hispanic, 16.1% Black, 5.4% Asian, 3.2% Native American, 1.5% Other), the prevalence of BED and binge-eating behaviors were 1.0% and 6.3%, respectively. Identifying as gay or bisexual (compared to heterosexual; adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.25, 95% CI 1.01-5.01) and having a household income of less than $75,000 (AOR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.21-3.46) were associated with greater odds of BED. Being male (AOR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.06-1.55), of Native American (AOR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.01-2.55) descent, having a household income less than $75,000 (AOR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.08-1.65), or identifying as gay or bisexual (AOR for Yes Response: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.31-2.91 and AOR for Maybe Response: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.19-2.76) were all associated with higher odds of binge-eating behaviors.
#18 A narrative review of binge eating disorder in adolescence: prevalence | AHMT
https://www.dovepress.com/a-narrative-review-of-binge-eating-disorder-in-adolescence-prevalence–peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-AHMT
Binge eating disorder (BED) represents one of the most problematic clinical conditions among youths. […] Epidemiological research that examined the prevalence of BED in adolescent samples in accordance with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition showed a prevalence ranging from 1% to 4%. […] More recently, only a few studies have investigated the prevalence of BED, in accordance with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria, reporting a prevalence of ~1%5%. […] In the general population, international research has reported that 26% of female and 13% of male adolescents have experienced an episode of binge eating at least once in the last 12 months. […] To date, the few studies that have examined the prevalence of BED in adolescent samples, in accordance with the recently proposed DSM-5 criteria, found the prevalence of approximately between 1% and 5%.
#19 The social epidemiology of binge-eating disorder and behaviors in early adolescents | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text
https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00904-x
Binge-eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder phenotype and is linked to several negative health outcomes. Yet, little is known about the social epidemiology of BED, particularly in early adolescence. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and BED and binge-eating behaviors in a large, national cohort of 10-14-year-old adolescents in the United States (U.S.) […] In this early adolescent sample (48.8% female, 54.0% White, 19.8% Latino/Hispanic, 16.1% Black, 5.4% Asian, 3.2% Native American, 1.5% Other), the prevalence of BED and binge-eating behaviors were 1.0% and 6.3%, respectively. Identifying as gay or bisexual (compared to heterosexual; adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.25, 95% CI 1.01-5.01) and having a household income of less than $75,000 (AOR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.21-3.46) were associated with greater odds of BED. Being male (AOR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.06-1.55), of Native American (AOR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.01-2.55) descent, having a household income less than $75,000 (AOR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.08-1.65), or identifying as gay or bisexual (AOR for Yes Response: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.31-2.91 and AOR for Maybe Response: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.19-2.76) were all associated with higher odds of binge-eating behaviors.
#20 The social epidemiology of binge-eating disorder and behaviors in early adolescents
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7t61z44p
Binge-eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder phenotype and is linked to several negative health outcomes. Yet, little is known about the social epidemiology of BED, particularly in early adolescence. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and BED and binge-eating behaviors in a large, national cohort of 10-14-year-old adolescents in the United States (U.S.) […] In this early adolescent sample (48.8% female, 54.0% White, 19.8% Latino/Hispanic, 16.1% Black, 5.4% Asian, 3.2% Native American, 1.5% Other), the prevalence of BED and binge-eating behaviors were 1.0% and 6.3%, respectively. […] Several sociodemographic variables showed significant associations with binge-eating behaviors, which can inform targeted screening, prevention, and education campaigns for BED among early adolescents.
#21 A narrative review of binge eating disorder in adolescence: prevalence | AHMT
https://www.dovepress.com/a-narrative-review-of-binge-eating-disorder-in-adolescence-prevalence–peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-AHMT
Longitudinal studies that we reviewed have evidenced that the prevalence of BED tended to increase over time, with a peak at 1922 years of age for female adolescents and at 24 years for male adolescents. […] Research in the last decade has documented the clinical significance of BED in terms of adverse physical, social, and psychological health problems commonly associated with this condition. […] In particular, with regard to physical outcomes, several studies have reported that BED and SBED, in both female and male adolescents, were predictive of high rates of overweight and obesity. […] Moreover, the studies we reviewed have also evidenced a growing interest in examining possible associations of BED with psychiatric comorbidities. […] To date, research in this field is scarce, but some studies suggested that adolescents with either BED or SBED, as well as other EDs, had a higher risk of suicidal ideation and attempts than non-eating-disordered youths.
#22 2024 Binge-Eating Disorder Statistics: 61 Unthinkable Facts
https://breakbingeeating.com/binge-eating-disorder-statistics/
The point prevalence of BED in children worldwide is 0.7% […] The one-year point prevalence of BED adults is 1.1% […] The lifetime prevalence of BED in adults is 2.3% […] By 2030, it is estimated that around half a million US men will have BED […] By 2030, it is estimated that around 1.5 million US women will have BED […] One year prevalence of BED in men is 0.26%, with men aged 10-19 years having the highest prevalence (0.48%) […] Women aged 20-29 years have the highest BED prevalence rates, estimated to be 2.09% […] 1.32% of children/adolescents have binge-eating disorder […] 3% of children/adolescents have subclinical binge-eating disorder […] A formal binge-eating disorder diagnosis is established 3 years after the onset of symptoms […] 8.5% of Danish adolescents report weekly binge eating […] 13% of gender diverse individuals reported an eating disorder of recurrent binge eating […] 30% of Slovenian adults report clinically significant binge eating symptoms […] Each additional hour of total screen time per day was associated with 1.11 higher odds of binge-eating disorder.
#23 Binge Eating Disorder (BED): Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2221362-overview
Studies have reported significantly elevated relative risk among family members of persons with BED, and data from twin studies indicated a range of heritability estimates ranging from 41%-57%. […] Cultural factors may play a role in incidence, as well as access to care for binge eating. Asian Americans are more likely than whites to report binge eating; however, Asian Americans are less likely to receive services for binge eating. […] Gay and bisexual men with an eating disorder had a significantly higher prevalence of anxiety and substance-abuse disorders than gay and bisexual men without an eating disorder, similar to results from studies of predominantly heterosexual men with eating disorders in the general population, who were more likely to have anxiety and substance-abuse disorders than men without eating disorders. Lesbians and bisexual women with eating disorders were more likely to have a mood disorder than lesbians and bisexual women who did not have an eating disorder.
#24 The social epidemiology of binge-eating disorder and behaviors in early adolescents | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text
https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00904-x
Binge-eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder phenotype and is linked to several negative health outcomes. Yet, little is known about the social epidemiology of BED, particularly in early adolescence. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and BED and binge-eating behaviors in a large, national cohort of 10-14-year-old adolescents in the United States (U.S.) […] In this early adolescent sample (48.8% female, 54.0% White, 19.8% Latino/Hispanic, 16.1% Black, 5.4% Asian, 3.2% Native American, 1.5% Other), the prevalence of BED and binge-eating behaviors were 1.0% and 6.3%, respectively. Identifying as gay or bisexual (compared to heterosexual; adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.25, 95% CI 1.01-5.01) and having a household income of less than $75,000 (AOR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.21-3.46) were associated with greater odds of BED. Being male (AOR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.06-1.55), of Native American (AOR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.01-2.55) descent, having a household income less than $75,000 (AOR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.08-1.65), or identifying as gay or bisexual (AOR for Yes Response: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.31-2.91 and AOR for Maybe Response: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.19-2.76) were all associated with higher odds of binge-eating behaviors.
#25 The social epidemiology of binge-eating disorder and behaviors in early adolescents | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text
https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00904-x
Binge-eating disorder (BED) is the most common eating disorder phenotype and is linked to several negative health outcomes. Yet, little is known about the social epidemiology of BED, particularly in early adolescence. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and BED and binge-eating behaviors in a large, national cohort of 10-14-year-old adolescents in the United States (U.S.) […] In this early adolescent sample (48.8% female, 54.0% White, 19.8% Latino/Hispanic, 16.1% Black, 5.4% Asian, 3.2% Native American, 1.5% Other), the prevalence of BED and binge-eating behaviors were 1.0% and 6.3%, respectively. Identifying as gay or bisexual (compared to heterosexual; adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.25, 95% CI 1.01-5.01) and having a household income of less than $75,000 (AOR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.21-3.46) were associated with greater odds of BED. Being male (AOR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.06-1.55), of Native American (AOR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.01-2.55) descent, having a household income less than $75,000 (AOR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.08-1.65), or identifying as gay or bisexual (AOR for Yes Response: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.31-2.91 and AOR for Maybe Response: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.19-2.76) were all associated with higher odds of binge-eating behaviors.
#26 The social epidemiology of binge-eating disorder and behaviors in early adolescents | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text
https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00904-x
Several sociodemographic variables showed significant associations with binge-eating behaviors, which can inform targeted screening, prevention, and education campaigns for BED among early adolescents. […] The most prevalent of all eating disorder phenotypes, binge-eating disorder (BED), is defined as frequently consuming unusually large amounts of food and feeling unable to stop eating. BED affects 3-5% of the US population and acts as a precursor to an array of medical and psychiatric sequelae, including diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and elevated suicidality. […] Current literature on the social epidemiology of BED in adolescents is limited in quantity and scope, mostly focusing on a singular exposure of one sociodemographic factor. Existing studies in adolescents have pointed to lower socioeconomic status, identifying as gay or bisexual, and Asian, Native American, and Hispanic race/ethnicity being associated with binge-eating behaviors or BED, but the association between a comprehensive sociodemographic profile and BED/binge-eating behaviors among adolescents has not been previously assessed within a large nationwide study in the U.S. or elsewhere.
#27 Binge Eating Disorder (BED): Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2221362-overview
Studies have reported significantly elevated relative risk among family members of persons with BED, and data from twin studies indicated a range of heritability estimates ranging from 41%-57%. […] Cultural factors may play a role in incidence, as well as access to care for binge eating. Asian Americans are more likely than whites to report binge eating; however, Asian Americans are less likely to receive services for binge eating. […] Gay and bisexual men with an eating disorder had a significantly higher prevalence of anxiety and substance-abuse disorders than gay and bisexual men without an eating disorder, similar to results from studies of predominantly heterosexual men with eating disorders in the general population, who were more likely to have anxiety and substance-abuse disorders than men without eating disorders. Lesbians and bisexual women with eating disorders were more likely to have a mood disorder than lesbians and bisexual women who did not have an eating disorder.
#28 Eating Disorder Statistics – National Eating Disorders Association
https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/statistics/
One-year prevalence of binge eating disorder is 0.96% for females and 0.26% for males. […] In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. […] Food insecurity is associated with 1.67 higher odds of BED or subclinical BED and 1.31 higher odds of binge eating symptoms in early adolescence. […] A recent meta analysis found that the odds of adults having binge eating if they experience food insecurity are 1.66 times the odds of adults having binge eating if they have food security.
#29
https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2021/11000/epidemiology_of_binge_eating_disorder__prevalence,.3.aspx
Binge eating disorder (BED) is currently estimated to affect 1.5% of women and 0.3% of men worldwide; a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-5 BED is reported by 0.6-1.8% of women and 0.3-0.7% of men. […] In adolescence, BED is even more prevalent, but often transient. Many adults with BED report longstanding symptoms; less than half are recognized in healthcare. […] Commonly co-occurring conditions include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. […] In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. […] Data on mortality are scarce, but the standardized mortality ratio of BED is estimated to be 1.5-1.8. […] Various minority statuses, deprivation, violence, trauma, and major mental illness may increase the risk of BED.
#30
https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2021/11000/epidemiology_of_binge_eating_disorder__prevalence,.3.aspx
Binge eating disorder (BED) is currently estimated to affect 1.5% of women and 0.3% of men worldwide; a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-5 BED is reported by 0.6-1.8% of women and 0.3-0.7% of men. […] In adolescence, BED is even more prevalent, but often transient. Many adults with BED report longstanding symptoms; less than half are recognized in healthcare. […] Commonly co-occurring conditions include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. […] In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. […] Data on mortality are scarce, but the standardized mortality ratio of BED is estimated to be 1.5-1.8. […] Various minority statuses, deprivation, violence, trauma, and major mental illness may increase the risk of BED.
#31 The epidemiology of eating disorders: genetic, environmental, and soci | CLEP
https://www.dovepress.com/the-epidemiology-of-eating-disorders-genetic-environmental-and-societa-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CLEP
We identified 149 articles that met eligibility for the current review. Eighty-six of these reported on sociodemographic correlates, 57 on environmental correlates, and 13 on genetic correlates of ED epidemiology. […] This review has summarized the findings from a large number of community-based studies published over the past three decades related to sociodemographic, environmental, and genetic correlates of ED epidemiology. […] In summary, this review found that a number of factors influence ED epidemiology, most notably genetics, female sex, younger age, participation in esthetic/leanness sports, and having been a victim of sexual or physical abuse.
#32 Prevalence and associated factors of binge eating disorder among Bahraini youth and young adults: a cross-sectional study in a self-selected convenience sample | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text
https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-022-00726-3
Binge eating disorder (BED) is defined as recurrent ingestion of an unusually large amount of food in a discrete period of time. BED has the highest prevalence of all eating disorders. Studies have shown a strong relationship between BED and both physical and psychological factors such as obesity, depression and anxiety. This research aimed to report the prevalence and associated factors of BED among Bahrainis (aged 15-30 years). […] Out of all participants, 21.2% had binge eating symptoms. A higher BMI, a restricted diet, depression and anxiety were associated with more frequent binge eating symptoms. […] In conclusion, the prevalence of BED symptoms was significantly high among the study participants. The results point out the crucial role of awareness of the interaction between obesity, depression and anxiety as potential risk factors for binge eating tendencies.
#33 2024 Binge-Eating Disorder Statistics: 61 Unthinkable Facts
https://breakbingeeating.com/binge-eating-disorder-statistics/
The point prevalence of BED in children worldwide is 0.7% […] The one-year point prevalence of BED adults is 1.1% […] The lifetime prevalence of BED in adults is 2.3% […] By 2030, it is estimated that around half a million US men will have BED […] By 2030, it is estimated that around 1.5 million US women will have BED […] One year prevalence of BED in men is 0.26%, with men aged 10-19 years having the highest prevalence (0.48%) […] Women aged 20-29 years have the highest BED prevalence rates, estimated to be 2.09% […] 1.32% of children/adolescents have binge-eating disorder […] 3% of children/adolescents have subclinical binge-eating disorder […] A formal binge-eating disorder diagnosis is established 3 years after the onset of symptoms […] 8.5% of Danish adolescents report weekly binge eating […] 13% of gender diverse individuals reported an eating disorder of recurrent binge eating […] 30% of Slovenian adults report clinically significant binge eating symptoms […] Each additional hour of total screen time per day was associated with 1.11 higher odds of binge-eating disorder.
#34
https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2023/11000/update_on_the_epidemiology_and_treatment_of_eating.2.aspx
We reviewed the recent literature on the epidemiology and treatment of eating disorders among middle-aged and older women and men. […] Recent studies show that among older female persons, the prevalence rates with full diagnoses of eating disorders based on DSM-IV or DSM-5 criteria are between 2.1 and 7.7%, and among older men less than 1%. […] These studies show that the prevalence of eating disorders decreases by age in women, but it does not get towards zero even in very high age. […] Middle age, with a peak around 50, is also a critical time for the occurrence of eating disorders in men. […] Women who reported severe menopausal symptoms showed more eating disorder pathology compared with those with low symptoms during menopausal transition. […] Eating disorders do occur in middle and older age of both sexes.
#35
https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2023/11000/update_on_the_epidemiology_and_treatment_of_eating.2.aspx
What puberty is for eating disorders in adolescence and young age is menopausal transition for midlife women. […] Also in men, associations with hormonal disturbances are possible. […] Recent studies show that among older persons, the prevalence rates with full diagnoses of eating disorders based on DSM-IV or DSM-5 criteria are between 2.1 and 7.7%, of core eating disorder symptoms with binge eating only as the dominant symptom followed by binging and purging range between 3.8 and 9%, and of disordered eating or risk for eating disorders based on standardized questionnaires are between 2.6 and 16%. […] The prevalence of eating disorders in male individuals might be strongly underestimated because of the paucity of empirical research data and the lack of sensitivity of assessment tools for this population.
#36 Trends in the Incidence of Eating Disorders Among Active Component Service Members, 2017 to 2021 | Health.mil
https://www.health.mil/News/Articles/2023/01/01/Incidence-of-Eating-Disorders
The annual incidence rates of all eating disorders among active component service members increased from 2017 through 2019 (2.8 and 3.8 cases per 10,000 p-yrs, respectively), decreased in 2020 (3.6 cases per 10,000 p-yrs), and increased in 2021 (5.0 cases per 10,000 p-yrs). This overall upward trend was observed in both males and females during the study period. […] In this study, annual incidence rates of total eating disorders increased by approximately 79% between 2017 and 2021, with OUED accounting for the highest rates in military personnel when analyzed by type of eating disorder. Rates of BN and BED also notably increased throughout the surveillance period.
#37 Why are eating disorders on the rise? | OHSU
https://www.ohsu.edu/womens-health/why-are-eating-disorders-rise
Eating disorders are more common than many think. According to the National Eating Disorder Association (NEDA), 28.8 million people in the United States will experience an eating disorder in their lifetime. They can affect anyone, regardless of age, race or gender. However, data shows eating disorders are twice as prevalent among females than males. Transgender and nonbinary people also experience eating disorders at higher rates. […] Eating disorders are now on the rise worldwide. Between 2000 and 2018, prevalence more than doubled (3.4% to 7.8% of all people). […] The most common types of eating disorders are anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. […] In March and April of 2020, the National Eating Disorders Association saw a 75% rise in messages to their helpline, compared to the same window the previous year.
#38 Binge Eating Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551700/
Binge eating disorder is more common in women compared to men, often starting in late adolescence or early adulthood. This condition is also more common in students and those without a college education. The lifetime prevalence of binge eating disorder averages 1.9% in international surveys and 2.6% in studies conducted in the United States. Approximately 79% of people with a history of binge eating disorder have at least 1 lifetime psychiatric comorbidity. In an estimated 48.9% of people, 3 comorbid conditions are observed, including: […] Compared to individuals without eating disorders, those with binge eating disorders are statistically less likely to have a body mass index (BMI) 25 and are more likely to have a BMI 25. However, the precise distribution of these differences varies for each population tested.
#39
https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2021/11000/epidemiology_of_binge_eating_disorder__prevalence,.3.aspx
Binge eating disorder (BED) is currently estimated to affect 1.5% of women and 0.3% of men worldwide; a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-5 BED is reported by 0.6-1.8% of women and 0.3-0.7% of men. […] In adolescence, BED is even more prevalent, but often transient. Many adults with BED report longstanding symptoms; less than half are recognized in healthcare. […] Commonly co-occurring conditions include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. […] In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. […] Data on mortality are scarce, but the standardized mortality ratio of BED is estimated to be 1.5-1.8. […] Various minority statuses, deprivation, violence, trauma, and major mental illness may increase the risk of BED.
#40 Eating Disorder Statistics – National Eating Disorders Association
https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/statistics/
One-year prevalence of binge eating disorder is 0.96% for females and 0.26% for males. […] In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. […] Food insecurity is associated with 1.67 higher odds of BED or subclinical BED and 1.31 higher odds of binge eating symptoms in early adolescence. […] A recent meta analysis found that the odds of adults having binge eating if they experience food insecurity are 1.66 times the odds of adults having binge eating if they have food security.
#41 Eating Disorder Statistics – National Eating Disorders Association
https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/statistics/
One-year prevalence of binge eating disorder is 0.96% for females and 0.26% for males. […] In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. […] Food insecurity is associated with 1.67 higher odds of BED or subclinical BED and 1.31 higher odds of binge eating symptoms in early adolescence. […] A recent meta analysis found that the odds of adults having binge eating if they experience food insecurity are 1.66 times the odds of adults having binge eating if they have food security.
#42
https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2021/11000/epidemiology_of_binge_eating_disorder__prevalence,.3.aspx
Binge eating disorder (BED) is currently estimated to affect 1.5% of women and 0.3% of men worldwide; a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-5 BED is reported by 0.6-1.8% of women and 0.3-0.7% of men. […] In adolescence, BED is even more prevalent, but often transient. Many adults with BED report longstanding symptoms; less than half are recognized in healthcare. […] Commonly co-occurring conditions include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. […] In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. […] Data on mortality are scarce, but the standardized mortality ratio of BED is estimated to be 1.5-1.8. […] Various minority statuses, deprivation, violence, trauma, and major mental illness may increase the risk of BED.
#43 Prevalence and associated factors of binge eating disorder among Bahraini youth and young adults: a cross-sectional study in a self-selected convenience sample | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text
https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-022-00726-3
Binge eating disorder (BED) is defined as recurrent ingestion of an unusually large amount of food in a discrete period of time. BED has the highest prevalence of all eating disorders. Studies have shown a strong relationship between BED and both physical and psychological factors such as obesity, depression and anxiety. This research aimed to report the prevalence and associated factors of BED among Bahrainis (aged 15-30 years). […] Out of all participants, 21.2% had binge eating symptoms. A higher BMI, a restricted diet, depression and anxiety were associated with more frequent binge eating symptoms. […] In conclusion, the prevalence of BED symptoms was significantly high among the study participants. The results point out the crucial role of awareness of the interaction between obesity, depression and anxiety as potential risk factors for binge eating tendencies.
#44 Prevalence and associated factors of binge eating disorder among Bahraini youth and young adults: a cross-sectional study in a self-selected convenience sample | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text
https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-022-00726-3
BED has the highest prevalence of all EDs. […] The association between BED and obesity has become more pronounced: the prevalence of BED was found to increase with the degree of obesity. […] BED appears to be preceded by multiple mental, physical, and social risk factors that are widely shared with other EDs. […] The present study revealed that the prevalence of BED symptoms among Bahraini youth and young adults was high (21.2%) and it brought attention to the strong association of BED with depression and anxiety.
#45 Prevalence and associated factors of binge eating disorder among Bahraini youth and young adults: a cross-sectional study in a self-selected convenience sample | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text
https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-022-00726-3
BED has the highest prevalence of all EDs. […] The association between BED and obesity has become more pronounced: the prevalence of BED was found to increase with the degree of obesity. […] BED appears to be preceded by multiple mental, physical, and social risk factors that are widely shared with other EDs. […] The present study revealed that the prevalence of BED symptoms among Bahraini youth and young adults was high (21.2%) and it brought attention to the strong association of BED with depression and anxiety.
#46
https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2021/11000/epidemiology_of_binge_eating_disorder__prevalence,.3.aspx
Binge eating disorder (BED) is currently estimated to affect 1.5% of women and 0.3% of men worldwide; a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-5 BED is reported by 0.6-1.8% of women and 0.3-0.7% of men. […] In adolescence, BED is even more prevalent, but often transient. Many adults with BED report longstanding symptoms; less than half are recognized in healthcare. […] Commonly co-occurring conditions include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. […] In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. […] Data on mortality are scarce, but the standardized mortality ratio of BED is estimated to be 1.5-1.8. […] Various minority statuses, deprivation, violence, trauma, and major mental illness may increase the risk of BED.
#47
https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2021/11000/epidemiology_of_binge_eating_disorder__prevalence,.3.aspx
Binge eating disorder (BED) is currently estimated to affect 1.5% of women and 0.3% of men worldwide; a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-5 BED is reported by 0.6-1.8% of women and 0.3-0.7% of men. […] In adolescence, BED is even more prevalent, but often transient. Many adults with BED report longstanding symptoms; less than half are recognized in healthcare. […] Commonly co-occurring conditions include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. […] In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. […] Data on mortality are scarce, but the standardized mortality ratio of BED is estimated to be 1.5-1.8. […] Various minority statuses, deprivation, violence, trauma, and major mental illness may increase the risk of BED.
#48 The social epidemiology of binge-eating disorder and behaviors in early adolescents | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text
https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00904-x
Several sociodemographic variables showed significant associations with binge-eating behaviors, which can inform targeted screening, prevention, and education campaigns for BED among early adolescents. […] The most prevalent of all eating disorder phenotypes, binge-eating disorder (BED), is defined as frequently consuming unusually large amounts of food and feeling unable to stop eating. BED affects 3-5% of the US population and acts as a precursor to an array of medical and psychiatric sequelae, including diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and elevated suicidality. […] Current literature on the social epidemiology of BED in adolescents is limited in quantity and scope, mostly focusing on a singular exposure of one sociodemographic factor. Existing studies in adolescents have pointed to lower socioeconomic status, identifying as gay or bisexual, and Asian, Native American, and Hispanic race/ethnicity being associated with binge-eating behaviors or BED, but the association between a comprehensive sociodemographic profile and BED/binge-eating behaviors among adolescents has not been previously assessed within a large nationwide study in the U.S. or elsewhere.
#49 The social epidemiology of binge-eating disorder and behaviors in early adolescents | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text
https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00904-x
Several sociodemographic variables showed significant associations with binge-eating behaviors, which can inform targeted screening, prevention, and education campaigns for BED among early adolescents. […] The most prevalent of all eating disorder phenotypes, binge-eating disorder (BED), is defined as frequently consuming unusually large amounts of food and feeling unable to stop eating. BED affects 3-5% of the US population and acts as a precursor to an array of medical and psychiatric sequelae, including diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and elevated suicidality. […] Current literature on the social epidemiology of BED in adolescents is limited in quantity and scope, mostly focusing on a singular exposure of one sociodemographic factor. Existing studies in adolescents have pointed to lower socioeconomic status, identifying as gay or bisexual, and Asian, Native American, and Hispanic race/ethnicity being associated with binge-eating behaviors or BED, but the association between a comprehensive sociodemographic profile and BED/binge-eating behaviors among adolescents has not been previously assessed within a large nationwide study in the U.S. or elsewhere.
#50 Binge eating disorder – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binge_eating_disorder
Therefore, this particular study found that the prevalence for BED is higher in these Latin American countries compared to Western countries. […] The prevalence of BED in Europe ranges from 1 to 4 percent. […] BED often happens with diabetes, stroke, and heart disease. […] Additionally, 30 to 40 percent of individuals seeking treatment for weight-loss can be diagnosed with binge eating disorder. […] Men often do not report a personal issue of BED. […] Underreporting could be a result of measurement bias due to how eating disorders are defined. […] The current definition for eating disorders focuses on thinness. […] However, eating disorders in men tend to center on muscularity and would therefore warrant a need for a different measurement definition. […] The lack of representation of men in eating disorder research has been hindered by historical perceptions of eating disorders as a „female phenomenon”.
#51 Binge Eating Disorder – Psychiatric Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition
https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/eating-disorders/binge-eating-disorder
Binge eating disorder affects about 3.5% of women and 2% of men in the general population during their lifetime. […] Unlike bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder occurs most commonly among people with overweight or obesity and contributes to excessive caloric intake; it may be present in 30% of patients in some weight-reduction programs. […] Compared with people with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa, those with binge eating disorder are older and more likely to be male. […] Diagnose binge eating disorder based on clinical criteria (including binge eating, on average, at least once/week for 3 months, with a sense of lack of control over eating).
#52 Binge Eating Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551700/
Binge eating disorder is more common in women compared to men, often starting in late adolescence or early adulthood. This condition is also more common in students and those without a college education. The lifetime prevalence of binge eating disorder averages 1.9% in international surveys and 2.6% in studies conducted in the United States. Approximately 79% of people with a history of binge eating disorder have at least 1 lifetime psychiatric comorbidity. In an estimated 48.9% of people, 3 comorbid conditions are observed, including: […] Compared to individuals without eating disorders, those with binge eating disorders are statistically less likely to have a body mass index (BMI) 25 and are more likely to have a BMI 25. However, the precise distribution of these differences varies for each population tested.
#53
https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2021/11000/epidemiology_of_binge_eating_disorder__prevalence,.3.aspx
Binge eating disorder (BED) is currently estimated to affect 1.5% of women and 0.3% of men worldwide; a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-5 BED is reported by 0.6-1.8% of women and 0.3-0.7% of men. […] In adolescence, BED is even more prevalent, but often transient. Many adults with BED report longstanding symptoms; less than half are recognized in healthcare. […] Commonly co-occurring conditions include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. […] In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. […] Data on mortality are scarce, but the standardized mortality ratio of BED is estimated to be 1.5-1.8. […] Various minority statuses, deprivation, violence, trauma, and major mental illness may increase the risk of BED.
#54
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40519-014-0173-9
To perform a systematic review on the epidemiology, the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and economic burden of binge eating disorder (BED). […] Data on epidemiology were reported in 31, HRQoL burden in 16, and economic burden in 7 studies. […] Lifetime prevalence of BED was 1.1-1.9 % in the general population (DSM-IV). […] Compared to individuals without eating disorder, BED was related to increased healthcare utilization and costs. Annual direct healthcare costs per BED patient ranged between $2,372 and $3,731. […] BED is a serious eating disorder that impairs HRQoL and is related to increased healthcare utilization and healthcare costs. […] The majority of BED cases occurred first in peoples lives between the ages of 12.4 and 24.7 years; however, the prevalence of BED continued to rise until 40 years old.
#55
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40519-014-0173-9
To perform a systematic review on the epidemiology, the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and economic burden of binge eating disorder (BED). […] Data on epidemiology were reported in 31, HRQoL burden in 16, and economic burden in 7 studies. […] Lifetime prevalence of BED was 1.1-1.9 % in the general population (DSM-IV). […] Compared to individuals without eating disorder, BED was related to increased healthcare utilization and costs. Annual direct healthcare costs per BED patient ranged between $2,372 and $3,731. […] BED is a serious eating disorder that impairs HRQoL and is related to increased healthcare utilization and healthcare costs. […] The majority of BED cases occurred first in peoples lives between the ages of 12.4 and 24.7 years; however, the prevalence of BED continued to rise until 40 years old.
#56
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40519-014-0173-9
The reported annual direct healthcare costs per BED patient ranged from a low of $2,372 to a high of $3,731. […] In summary, BED has a lifetime prevalence rate of 12 % in the general population. BED significantly affects HRQoL. It is associated with increased healthcare utilization and healthcare costs compared to individuals without an eating disorder.
#57 Epidemiology of eating disorders in a representative sample of adolescents
https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?pid=S0185-33252012000600005&script=sci_abstract&tlng=en
Epidemiology of eating disorders in a representative sample of adolescents. The objective of this article is to estimate the prevalence of DSM-IV anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder in the general adolescent population of the Mexico City Metropolitan Area. The lifetime prevalence of anorexia, bulimia and binge-eating disorder in the Mexico City adolescent population is 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.4%, respectively. Between 83% and 100% report any impairment and all of those with anorexia and almost half of those with bulimia and binge-eating disorder report serious impairment. However, only 14% to 24% of those with a 12-month eating disorder have sought treatment despite the associated impairment. There is greater prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders, suicidal behavior and psychosocial adversities in those with an eating disorder than in those without such a disorder. These results clearly demonstrate a treatment gap for these disorders in our adolescent population. […] They highlight the importance of programs for the prevention of risky eating behaviors, early detection focusing on vulnerable groups such as those who have suffered adversity like sexual abuse, and the reduction of treatment seeking and utilization barriers.
#58 Eating disorder statistics and facts 2025 | SingleCare
https://www.singlecare.com/blog/news/eating-disorder-statistics/
Binge eating disorder is characterized by frequent episodes of consuming unusually large amounts of food in a relatively short time. A person with binge eating disorder often feels binge eating is outside of his or her control and may feel shame because of it. […] Binge eating disorder is the most common eating disorder in the U.S. (National Eating Disorders Association) […] Nearly 3% of adults experience binge eating disorder in their lifetime. (Biological Psychiatry, 2007) […] American women (3.5%) and men (2%) experience a binge eating disorder during their lifetime, making binge eating disorder three times more common than anorexia and bulimia combined. (Biological Psychiatry, 2007) […] Less than half (43.6%) of people with binge eating disorder will receive treatment. (Osteopathic Family Physician, 2013)
#59
https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2021/11000/epidemiology_of_binge_eating_disorder__prevalence,.3.aspx
Binge eating disorder (BED) is currently estimated to affect 1.5% of women and 0.3% of men worldwide; a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-5 BED is reported by 0.6-1.8% of women and 0.3-0.7% of men. […] In adolescence, BED is even more prevalent, but often transient. Many adults with BED report longstanding symptoms; less than half are recognized in healthcare. […] Commonly co-occurring conditions include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. […] In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. […] Data on mortality are scarce, but the standardized mortality ratio of BED is estimated to be 1.5-1.8. […] Various minority statuses, deprivation, violence, trauma, and major mental illness may increase the risk of BED.
#60 Why are eating disorders on the rise? | OHSU
https://www.ohsu.edu/womens-health/why-are-eating-disorders-rise
Eating disorders are more common than many think. According to the National Eating Disorder Association (NEDA), 28.8 million people in the United States will experience an eating disorder in their lifetime. They can affect anyone, regardless of age, race or gender. However, data shows eating disorders are twice as prevalent among females than males. Transgender and nonbinary people also experience eating disorders at higher rates. […] Eating disorders are now on the rise worldwide. Between 2000 and 2018, prevalence more than doubled (3.4% to 7.8% of all people). […] The most common types of eating disorders are anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. […] In March and April of 2020, the National Eating Disorders Association saw a 75% rise in messages to their helpline, compared to the same window the previous year.
#61 Binge eating disorder – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binge_eating_disorder
Binge eating disorder (BED) is a recently described condition, which was introduced to distinguish binge eating similar to that seen in bulimia nervosa but without characteristic purging. […] Binge eating is one of the most prevalent eating disorders among adults, though it receives less media coverage and research about the disorder compared to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. […] The prevalence of BED in the general population is approximately 1-3%. […] BED cases usually occur between the ages of 12.4 and 24.7, but prevalence rates increase until the age of 40. […] Binge eating disorder is the most common eating disorder in adults. […] The lifetime prevalence of binge eating disorder has been observed in studies to be 2.0 percent for men and 3.5 percent for women, higher than that of the commonly recognized eating disorders anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
#62 Binge eating disorder – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binge_eating_disorder
Lifetime prevalence rates for BED in women can range anywhere from 1.5 to 6 times higher than in men. […] One literature review found that point prevalence rates for BED vary from 0.1 percent to 24.1 percent depending on the sample. […] This same review also found that the 12-month prevalence rates vary between 0.1 percent to 8.8 percent. […] Adolescents also have a high risk of binge eating behavior. […] The prevalence of BED is lower in Nordic countries compared to Europe in a study that included Finland, Sweden, Norway, and Iceland. […] The point prevalence ranged from 0.4 to 1.5 percent and the lifetime prevalence ranged from 0.7 to 5.8 percent for BED in women. […] In a study that included Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Venezuela, the point prevalence for BED was 3.53 percent.
#63 Binge eating disorder – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binge_eating_disorder
Therefore, this particular study found that the prevalence for BED is higher in these Latin American countries compared to Western countries. […] The prevalence of BED in Europe ranges from 1 to 4 percent. […] BED often happens with diabetes, stroke, and heart disease. […] Additionally, 30 to 40 percent of individuals seeking treatment for weight-loss can be diagnosed with binge eating disorder. […] Men often do not report a personal issue of BED. […] Underreporting could be a result of measurement bias due to how eating disorders are defined. […] The current definition for eating disorders focuses on thinness. […] However, eating disorders in men tend to center on muscularity and would therefore warrant a need for a different measurement definition. […] The lack of representation of men in eating disorder research has been hindered by historical perceptions of eating disorders as a „female phenomenon”.
#64 Binge eating disorder – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binge_eating_disorder
Therefore, this particular study found that the prevalence for BED is higher in these Latin American countries compared to Western countries. […] The prevalence of BED in Europe ranges from 1 to 4 percent. […] BED often happens with diabetes, stroke, and heart disease. […] Additionally, 30 to 40 percent of individuals seeking treatment for weight-loss can be diagnosed with binge eating disorder. […] Men often do not report a personal issue of BED. […] Underreporting could be a result of measurement bias due to how eating disorders are defined. […] The current definition for eating disorders focuses on thinness. […] However, eating disorders in men tend to center on muscularity and would therefore warrant a need for a different measurement definition. […] The lack of representation of men in eating disorder research has been hindered by historical perceptions of eating disorders as a „female phenomenon”.
#65 Eating Disorder Statistics & Key Research | Eating Disorders Victoria
https://eatingdisorders.org.au/eating-disorders-a-z/eating-disorder-statistics-and-key-research/
Eating disorders, when combined with disordered eating, are estimated to affect 16.3% of the Australian population (Hay et al., 2015). […] Latest data estimates that the number of people in Australia with an eating disorder aged over 5 years old is around 1.1 million, or approximately 4.45% of the population (Deloitte Access Economics, 2024, p.27). This number indicates that 286,069 Victorians had an eating disorder in 2023. […] A concerning trend in age distribution shows that 27% of eating disorder cases in Australia are among those aged 10-19. This is has nearly doubled since 2012, highlighting a significant increase in eating disorders among younger age groups (Deloitte Access Economics, 2024, p.10). […] According to the latest data, the most prevalent eating disorders in Australia were Unspecified Feeding and Eating Disorders and Other Specified Feeding and Eating Disorders, affecting approximately 1.5% and 1.1% of the Australian population respectively. In contrast, Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa each occurred in less than 0.5% of the general population (Deloitte Access Economics, 2024, p.27).
#66 Eating Disorders in Australia
https://nedc.com.au/eating-disorders/eating-disorders-explained/eating-disorders-in-australia
Approximately one million Australians are living with an eating disorder in any given year; that is, 4% of the population. […] Of people with an eating disorder, 3% have anorexia nervosa, 12% bulimia nervosa, 47% binge eating disorder (BED) and 38% other eating disorders. […] Eating disorder symptoms are on the rise with at least weekly binge eating increasing almost six-fold since the late 1990s and strict dieting increasing almost four-fold with parallel increases in other behavioural and cognitive eating disorder symptoms (e.g. increased dieting, decreased quality of life).
#67 Eating Disorder Statistics & Key Research | Eating Disorders Victoria
https://eatingdisorders.org.au/eating-disorders-a-z/eating-disorder-statistics-and-key-research/
Eating disorders, when combined with disordered eating, are estimated to affect 16.3% of the Australian population (Hay et al., 2015). […] Latest data estimates that the number of people in Australia with an eating disorder aged over 5 years old is around 1.1 million, or approximately 4.45% of the population (Deloitte Access Economics, 2024, p.27). This number indicates that 286,069 Victorians had an eating disorder in 2023. […] A concerning trend in age distribution shows that 27% of eating disorder cases in Australia are among those aged 10-19. This is has nearly doubled since 2012, highlighting a significant increase in eating disorders among younger age groups (Deloitte Access Economics, 2024, p.10). […] According to the latest data, the most prevalent eating disorders in Australia were Unspecified Feeding and Eating Disorders and Other Specified Feeding and Eating Disorders, affecting approximately 1.5% and 1.1% of the Australian population respectively. In contrast, Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa each occurred in less than 0.5% of the general population (Deloitte Access Economics, 2024, p.27).
#68 Why are eating disorders on the rise? | OHSU
https://www.ohsu.edu/womens-health/why-are-eating-disorders-rise
Eating disorders are more common than many think. According to the National Eating Disorder Association (NEDA), 28.8 million people in the United States will experience an eating disorder in their lifetime. They can affect anyone, regardless of age, race or gender. However, data shows eating disorders are twice as prevalent among females than males. Transgender and nonbinary people also experience eating disorders at higher rates. […] Eating disorders are now on the rise worldwide. Between 2000 and 2018, prevalence more than doubled (3.4% to 7.8% of all people). […] The most common types of eating disorders are anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. […] In March and April of 2020, the National Eating Disorders Association saw a 75% rise in messages to their helpline, compared to the same window the previous year.
#69 Trends in the Incidence of Eating Disorders Among Active Component Service Members, 2017 to 2021 | Health.mil
https://www.health.mil/News/Articles/2023/01/01/Incidence-of-Eating-Disorders
During this study’s 5-year surveillance period, from 2017 through 2021, annual incidence rates of eating disorders increased from 2.8 cases per 10,000 person-years (p-yrs) to 5.0 cases per 10,000 p-yrs. Periodic Health Assessment (PHA) forms completed in the 1-year period before and 1-year period after eating disorder diagnosis indicated increased prevalence of major life stressors, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following diagnosis. […] Increased incidence of eating disorders suggests need for promoting prevention and treatment among service members to improve medical readiness. PHA forms may provide greater insight into service members physical and mental well-being before and after eating disorder diagnoses. […] The incidence rate of all eating disorders was 3.6 cases per 10,000 p-yrs, with OUED representing the highest rate by eating disorder type (1.4 per 10,000 p-yrs), followed by BN (1.1 per 10,000), BED (0.7 per 10,000), and AN (0.4 per 10,000). Females comprised the majority (63.4%) of total incident cases, with an incidence rate more than 8 times than that of males (13.8 and 1.6 cases per 10,000 p-yrs, respectively).
#70 Trends in the Incidence of Eating Disorders Among Active Component Service Members, 2017 to 2021 | Health.mil
https://www.health.mil/News/Articles/2023/01/01/Incidence-of-Eating-Disorders
The annual incidence rates of all eating disorders among active component service members increased from 2017 through 2019 (2.8 and 3.8 cases per 10,000 p-yrs, respectively), decreased in 2020 (3.6 cases per 10,000 p-yrs), and increased in 2021 (5.0 cases per 10,000 p-yrs). This overall upward trend was observed in both males and females during the study period. […] In this study, annual incidence rates of total eating disorders increased by approximately 79% between 2017 and 2021, with OUED accounting for the highest rates in military personnel when analyzed by type of eating disorder. Rates of BN and BED also notably increased throughout the surveillance period.
#71 Eating Disorders Public Health Surveillance | Policy Translation Overview | Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
https://hsph.harvard.edu/research/eating-disorders-striped/policy-translation/eating-disorders-public-health-surveillance/
In summer 2024, the CDC announced that an item assessing binge eating will be included in the 2025 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) Questionnaire, marking the first time in over a decade that such data will be collected. This is a huge win for improving the surveillance of eating disorders in the U.S., and it was the result of years of advocating by STRIPED and its Eating Disorders Public Health Surveillance Working Group, the Eating Disorders Coalition (EDC), the Academy for Eating Disorders (AED), and many other incredible organizations! […] Most recently, STRIPED has been focusing its efforts on the CDCs Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), a representative survey of high school students in the U.S. For many years, the YRBS was one of the few sources of national data on the prevalence of disordered eating behaviors among youth. However, in 2015, items assessing disordered eating were removed from the YRBS questionnaire, leaving public health professionals and researchers without the necessary information to monitor trends and patterns in these behaviors. Getting these items back on to the questionnaire is of critical public health importance.
#72 Pulsenotes | Binge eating disorder
https://app.pulsenotes.com/specialities/psychiatry/notes/binge-eating-disorder
Epidemiological studies on eating disorders often show significant variation in prevalence and incidence rates. […] The estimated lifetime prevalence of binge eating disorder is approximately 2% for females and 0.3% for males. […] The National Eating Disorders Association has some excellent information on statistics and epidemiology around eating disorders such as binge eating disorder.
#73
https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2023/11000/update_on_the_epidemiology_and_treatment_of_eating.2.aspx
What puberty is for eating disorders in adolescence and young age is menopausal transition for midlife women. […] Also in men, associations with hormonal disturbances are possible. […] Recent studies show that among older persons, the prevalence rates with full diagnoses of eating disorders based on DSM-IV or DSM-5 criteria are between 2.1 and 7.7%, of core eating disorder symptoms with binge eating only as the dominant symptom followed by binging and purging range between 3.8 and 9%, and of disordered eating or risk for eating disorders based on standardized questionnaires are between 2.6 and 16%. […] The prevalence of eating disorders in male individuals might be strongly underestimated because of the paucity of empirical research data and the lack of sensitivity of assessment tools for this population.
#74 Binge eating disorder – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binge_eating_disorder
Therefore, this particular study found that the prevalence for BED is higher in these Latin American countries compared to Western countries. […] The prevalence of BED in Europe ranges from 1 to 4 percent. […] BED often happens with diabetes, stroke, and heart disease. […] Additionally, 30 to 40 percent of individuals seeking treatment for weight-loss can be diagnosed with binge eating disorder. […] Men often do not report a personal issue of BED. […] Underreporting could be a result of measurement bias due to how eating disorders are defined. […] The current definition for eating disorders focuses on thinness. […] However, eating disorders in men tend to center on muscularity and would therefore warrant a need for a different measurement definition. […] The lack of representation of men in eating disorder research has been hindered by historical perceptions of eating disorders as a „female phenomenon”.
#75 Binge eating disorder – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binge_eating_disorder
Therefore, this particular study found that the prevalence for BED is higher in these Latin American countries compared to Western countries. […] The prevalence of BED in Europe ranges from 1 to 4 percent. […] BED often happens with diabetes, stroke, and heart disease. […] Additionally, 30 to 40 percent of individuals seeking treatment for weight-loss can be diagnosed with binge eating disorder. […] Men often do not report a personal issue of BED. […] Underreporting could be a result of measurement bias due to how eating disorders are defined. […] The current definition for eating disorders focuses on thinness. […] However, eating disorders in men tend to center on muscularity and would therefore warrant a need for a different measurement definition. […] The lack of representation of men in eating disorder research has been hindered by historical perceptions of eating disorders as a „female phenomenon”.
#76 Management and Outcomes of Binge Eating Disorder (BED) | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/binge-eating/research-protocol
Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating and, subsequently, significant psychological distress (e.g., shame, guilt). Recently recognized by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) as a distinct eating disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), BED is considered a significant public health problem independently and for its impact on obesity and diabetes. […] In the United States, the prevalence of BED among adults is ~ 3.5 percent in women and ~ 2 percent in men based on DSM-IV criteria and may be slightly higher based on DSM-5 criteria. BED is more common (as high as 30 percent) among obese individuals and has been found to be more prevalent among Hispanic populations than among any other groups defined by race or ethnicity. […] The prevalence of LOC eating in post-bariatric surgery patients and in children is unknown, but may be as high as 25 percent in post-bariatric surgery patients and 32 percent in children at risk for adult obesity.
#77 Classification and epidemiology of eating disorders in the DSM-5
https://psychiatry-psychopharmacology.com/en/classification-and-epidemiology-of-eating-disorders-in-the-dsm-5-132632
In a cross-national survey, average lifetime prevalence of binge-eating disorder was 2%. […] Community studies show that most people with eating disorders do not receive any treatment at all, either because they are not detected or because they refuse treatment due to shame or denial of their illness.
#78 Binge eating disorder – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binge_eating_disorder
Therefore, this particular study found that the prevalence for BED is higher in these Latin American countries compared to Western countries. […] The prevalence of BED in Europe ranges from 1 to 4 percent. […] BED often happens with diabetes, stroke, and heart disease. […] Additionally, 30 to 40 percent of individuals seeking treatment for weight-loss can be diagnosed with binge eating disorder. […] Men often do not report a personal issue of BED. […] Underreporting could be a result of measurement bias due to how eating disorders are defined. […] The current definition for eating disorders focuses on thinness. […] However, eating disorders in men tend to center on muscularity and would therefore warrant a need for a different measurement definition. […] The lack of representation of men in eating disorder research has been hindered by historical perceptions of eating disorders as a „female phenomenon”.
#79 Eating Disorders Public Health Surveillance | Policy Translation Overview | Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
https://hsph.harvard.edu/research/eating-disorders-striped/policy-translation/eating-disorders-public-health-surveillance/
In summer 2024, the CDC announced that an item assessing binge eating will be included in the 2025 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) Questionnaire, marking the first time in over a decade that such data will be collected. This is a huge win for improving the surveillance of eating disorders in the U.S., and it was the result of years of advocating by STRIPED and its Eating Disorders Public Health Surveillance Working Group, the Eating Disorders Coalition (EDC), the Academy for Eating Disorders (AED), and many other incredible organizations! […] Most recently, STRIPED has been focusing its efforts on the CDCs Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), a representative survey of high school students in the U.S. For many years, the YRBS was one of the few sources of national data on the prevalence of disordered eating behaviors among youth. However, in 2015, items assessing disordered eating were removed from the YRBS questionnaire, leaving public health professionals and researchers without the necessary information to monitor trends and patterns in these behaviors. Getting these items back on to the questionnaire is of critical public health importance.
#80 The epidemiology of eating disorders: genetic, environmental, and soci | CLEP
https://www.dovepress.com/the-epidemiology-of-eating-disorders-genetic-environmental-and-societa-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CLEP
The aim of this review was to summarize the literature to date regarding the sociodemographic, environmental, and genetic correlates of eating disorders (EDs) in adults. […] A total of 149 full-text articles were found to be eligible for the review and included 86 articles with data on sociodemographic correlates, 57 on environmental correlates, and 13 on genetic correlates. […] The majority of studies that assess correlates of EDs are based on clinical samples. […] The number of published population and community-based studies is gradually increasing in the ED field, and these are adding to an evidence-base that will help us to more accurately characterize EDs in future. […] The aim of the current review was thus to identify and appraise the published literature regarding the sociodemographic, environmental, and genetic correlates of ED prevalence and/or incidence in the community.
#81 Epidemiology of eating disorders among US adults: Ingenta Connect
https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000814
National Epidemiological Studies on Alcohol and Related Conditions, Third Wave studies also validated some important clinical observations (e.g., overvaluation of shape/weight and physical inactivity in BED, more severe anorexia nervosa with onset prior to 14 years old). […] More rigorous population-based studies are needed to further advocate for appropriate resources and policies for eating disorders in the United States.
#82 The social epidemiology of binge-eating disorder and behaviors in early adolescents | Journal of Eating Disorders | Full Text
https://jeatdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40337-023-00904-x
Several sociodemographic variables showed significant associations with binge-eating behaviors, which can inform targeted screening, prevention, and education campaigns for BED among early adolescents. […] The most prevalent of all eating disorder phenotypes, binge-eating disorder (BED), is defined as frequently consuming unusually large amounts of food and feeling unable to stop eating. BED affects 3-5% of the US population and acts as a precursor to an array of medical and psychiatric sequelae, including diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and elevated suicidality. […] Current literature on the social epidemiology of BED in adolescents is limited in quantity and scope, mostly focusing on a singular exposure of one sociodemographic factor. Existing studies in adolescents have pointed to lower socioeconomic status, identifying as gay or bisexual, and Asian, Native American, and Hispanic race/ethnicity being associated with binge-eating behaviors or BED, but the association between a comprehensive sociodemographic profile and BED/binge-eating behaviors among adolescents has not been previously assessed within a large nationwide study in the U.S. or elsewhere.
#83 Management and Outcomes of Binge Eating Disorder (BED) | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program
https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/binge-eating/research-protocol
Binge eating disorder (BED) is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating and, subsequently, significant psychological distress (e.g., shame, guilt). Recently recognized by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) as a distinct eating disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), BED is considered a significant public health problem independently and for its impact on obesity and diabetes. […] In the United States, the prevalence of BED among adults is ~ 3.5 percent in women and ~ 2 percent in men based on DSM-IV criteria and may be slightly higher based on DSM-5 criteria. BED is more common (as high as 30 percent) among obese individuals and has been found to be more prevalent among Hispanic populations than among any other groups defined by race or ethnicity. […] The prevalence of LOC eating in post-bariatric surgery patients and in children is unknown, but may be as high as 25 percent in post-bariatric surgery patients and 32 percent in children at risk for adult obesity.
#84 Epidemiology and Recognition of Binge-Eating Disorder in Psychiatry and Primary Care
https://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/epidemiology-recognition-binge-eating-disorder-psychiatry/
Substantial unmet needs exist regarding the awareness, diagnosis, and treatment of binge-eating disorder (BED). Affecting both men and women and appearing in all ethnic groups, BED is the most prevalent of all the eating disorders in the United States and worldwide. […] Left untreated, BED causes significant impairment, reduced quality of life, and decreased productivity. Many patients are unaware of the disorder and present for treatment of weight-related issues or comorbid medical and psychiatric conditions. […] Early recognition and accurate diagnosis may help mitigate the long-term impact of BED.
#85 Binge eating disorder – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binge_eating_disorder
Binge eating disorder (BED) is a recently described condition, which was introduced to distinguish binge eating similar to that seen in bulimia nervosa but without characteristic purging. […] Binge eating is one of the most prevalent eating disorders among adults, though it receives less media coverage and research about the disorder compared to anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. […] The prevalence of BED in the general population is approximately 1-3%. […] BED cases usually occur between the ages of 12.4 and 24.7, but prevalence rates increase until the age of 40. […] Binge eating disorder is the most common eating disorder in adults. […] The lifetime prevalence of binge eating disorder has been observed in studies to be 2.0 percent for men and 3.5 percent for women, higher than that of the commonly recognized eating disorders anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
#86
https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2021/11000/epidemiology_of_binge_eating_disorder__prevalence,.3.aspx
Binge eating disorder (BED) is currently estimated to affect 1.5% of women and 0.3% of men worldwide; a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-5 BED is reported by 0.6-1.8% of women and 0.3-0.7% of men. […] In adolescence, BED is even more prevalent, but often transient. Many adults with BED report longstanding symptoms; less than half are recognized in healthcare. […] Commonly co-occurring conditions include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. […] In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. […] Data on mortality are scarce, but the standardized mortality ratio of BED is estimated to be 1.5-1.8. […] Various minority statuses, deprivation, violence, trauma, and major mental illness may increase the risk of BED.
#87 Epidemiology and Recognition of Binge-Eating Disorder in Psychiatry and Primary Care
https://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/epidemiology-recognition-binge-eating-disorder-psychiatry/
Substantial unmet needs exist regarding the awareness, diagnosis, and treatment of binge-eating disorder (BED). Affecting both men and women and appearing in all ethnic groups, BED is the most prevalent of all the eating disorders in the United States and worldwide. […] Left untreated, BED causes significant impairment, reduced quality of life, and decreased productivity. Many patients are unaware of the disorder and present for treatment of weight-related issues or comorbid medical and psychiatric conditions. […] Early recognition and accurate diagnosis may help mitigate the long-term impact of BED.
#88 Epidemiology of binge eating disorder: prevalence, course, comorb…: Ingenta Connect
https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/wk/yco/2021/00000034/00000006/art00003
Binge eating disorder (BED) is a new diagnosis in the Fifth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and the Eleventh Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11. DSM-5 BED is currently estimated to affect 1.5% of women and 0.3% of men worldwide; a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-5 BED is reported by 0.6-1.8% of women and 0.3-0.7% of men. […] In adolescence, BED is even more prevalent, but often transient. Many adults with BED report longstanding symptoms; less than half are recognized in healthcare. Commonly co-occurring conditions include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. Data on mortality are scarce, but the standardized mortality ratio of BED is estimated to be 1.5-1.8. Various minority statuses, deprivation, violence, trauma, and major mental illness may increase the risk of BED. […] BED is often invisible and overlooked, perhaps due to societal biases. For this reason, prevention, detection, and management of BED are closely linked with social justice and equity.
#89
https://journals.lww.com/co-psychiatry/fulltext/2021/11000/epidemiology_of_binge_eating_disorder__prevalence,.3.aspx
Binge eating disorder (BED) is currently estimated to affect 1.5% of women and 0.3% of men worldwide; a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-5 BED is reported by 0.6-1.8% of women and 0.3-0.7% of men. […] In adolescence, BED is even more prevalent, but often transient. Many adults with BED report longstanding symptoms; less than half are recognized in healthcare. […] Commonly co-occurring conditions include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. […] In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. […] Data on mortality are scarce, but the standardized mortality ratio of BED is estimated to be 1.5-1.8. […] Various minority statuses, deprivation, violence, trauma, and major mental illness may increase the risk of BED.
#90 Diagnosis of Eating Disorders in Primary Care | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2003/0115/p297.html
Eating disorders occur most commonly in adolescents and young adults and are 10 times more common in females than in males. […] In young women, the risk of developing anorexia is 0.5 to 1 percent, and mortality is estimated at 4 to 10 percent. […] In the same population, the risk of developing bulimia is 2 to 5 percent, and the incidence of disordered eating that does not meet strict criteria for eating disorders may be twice that of the above conditions. […] Many adolescents and young adults who do not meet the strict diagnostic criteria for eating disorders have disordered eating patterns, which can have a significant adverse impact on health. […] Eating disorders are among the most common psychiatric problems that affect young women, and these conditions impose a high burden of morbidity and mortality. […] Unfortunately, the diagnosis of eating disorders can be elusive, and more than one half of all cases go undetected. […] The family physician’s office is an ideal setting to identify eating disorders and initiate treatment in a timely fashion.
#91 Epidemiology of binge eating disorder: prevalence, course, comorb…: Ingenta Connect
https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/wk/yco/2021/00000034/00000006/art00003
Binge eating disorder (BED) is a new diagnosis in the Fifth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and the Eleventh Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11. DSM-5 BED is currently estimated to affect 1.5% of women and 0.3% of men worldwide; a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-5 BED is reported by 0.6-1.8% of women and 0.3-0.7% of men. […] In adolescence, BED is even more prevalent, but often transient. Many adults with BED report longstanding symptoms; less than half are recognized in healthcare. Commonly co-occurring conditions include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hypertension. In a nationally representative US-based study, up to 23% of individuals with BED had attempted suicide, and virtually all (94%) reported lifetime mental health symptoms: 70% mood disorders, 68% substance use disorders, 59% anxiety disorders, 49% borderline personality disorder, and 32% posttraumatic stress disorder. Data on mortality are scarce, but the standardized mortality ratio of BED is estimated to be 1.5-1.8. Various minority statuses, deprivation, violence, trauma, and major mental illness may increase the risk of BED. […] BED is often invisible and overlooked, perhaps due to societal biases. For this reason, prevention, detection, and management of BED are closely linked with social justice and equity.
#92 Epidemiology and Recognition of Binge-Eating Disorder in Psychiatry and Primary Care
https://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/epidemiology-recognition-binge-eating-disorder-psychiatry/
Substantial unmet needs exist regarding the awareness, diagnosis, and treatment of binge-eating disorder (BED). Affecting both men and women and appearing in all ethnic groups, BED is the most prevalent of all the eating disorders in the United States and worldwide. […] Left untreated, BED causes significant impairment, reduced quality of life, and decreased productivity. Many patients are unaware of the disorder and present for treatment of weight-related issues or comorbid medical and psychiatric conditions. […] Early recognition and accurate diagnosis may help mitigate the long-term impact of BED.
#93 Diagnosis of Eating Disorders in Primary Care | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2003/0115/p297.html
Eating disorders occur most commonly in adolescents and young adults and are 10 times more common in females than in males. […] In young women, the risk of developing anorexia is 0.5 to 1 percent, and mortality is estimated at 4 to 10 percent. […] In the same population, the risk of developing bulimia is 2 to 5 percent, and the incidence of disordered eating that does not meet strict criteria for eating disorders may be twice that of the above conditions. […] Many adolescents and young adults who do not meet the strict diagnostic criteria for eating disorders have disordered eating patterns, which can have a significant adverse impact on health. […] Eating disorders are among the most common psychiatric problems that affect young women, and these conditions impose a high burden of morbidity and mortality. […] Unfortunately, the diagnosis of eating disorders can be elusive, and more than one half of all cases go undetected. […] The family physician’s office is an ideal setting to identify eating disorders and initiate treatment in a timely fashion.
#94 The natural course of binge-eating disorder: findings from a prospective, community-based study of adults | Psychological Medicine | Cambridge Core
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/psychological-medicine/article/natural-course-of-bingeeating-disorder-findings-from-a-prospective-communitybased-study-of-adults/EF7AE6C47EE7E3AA5A9FE0D6126E3EBD
Epidemiological data offer conflicting views of the natural course of binge-eating disorder (BED), with large retrospective studies suggesting a protracted course and small prospective studies suggesting a briefer duration. […] Among community-based adults with higher BMI, BED improves with time, but full remission often takes many years, and relapse is common.