Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Genital warts – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/genital-warts/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355240

  If your warts don’t cause discomfort, you might not need treatment. But medicine or surgery can help you clear an outbreak if you have itching, burning and pain. Treatment also can help if you’re concerned about spreading the infection. […] Warts often return after treatment though. And there is no treatment for the virus itself. […] Genital wart treatments that can go on the skin include: […] Imiquimod (Zyclara). This cream seems to boost the immune system’s ability to fight genital warts. […] Podophyllin (Podocon-25) and podofilox (Condylox). Podophyllin is a plant-based substance that destroys genital wart tissue. […] Trichloroacetic acid. This chemical treatment burns off genital warts. […] Sinecatechins (Veregen). This ointment can treat genital warts on the body and warts in or around the anus.

• #2 Genital Warts: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4209-genital-warts

  Genital warts are a type of sexually transmitted infection (STI) that causes warts (small bumps or growths) to form in and around your genitals and rectum. […] While there’s no cure for HPV itself, you can receive treatment for genital warts. […] Genital warts may go away on their own because your immune system can fight off the infection that causes it. However, they may get larger, multiply or become increasingly uncomfortable. Removing genital warts reduces your chances of spreading the infection since an active outbreak spreads more easily. Remember, treatment for genital warts isn’t a cure. […] There are different ways to remove genital warts. You may need several treatments to get rid of them. During treatment, you should abstain from sexual contact. […] Your healthcare provider may use one of these methods to treat genital warts: Electrocautery: An electric current burns away warts. Freezing: During cryotherapy, your provider applies liquid nitrogen to freeze and destroy warts. Laser treatment: A laser light destroys tiny blood vessels inside warts, cutting off their blood supply. Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP): With LEEP, your provider uses an electrically charged wire loop to remove warts. A provider may use this method to remove warts on your cervix. Topical (skin) medicine: Once a week for several weeks, you apply a prescription chemical solution or cream to the warts. The chemical causes blisters to form under the warts, stopping blood flow. In some cases, your provider may apply the chemical solution at their office. There are also prescription creams your provider will prescribe that you can use at home. Surgery: Your provider may surgically cut out warts that are large or don’t respond to other treatments.

• #3 Genital warts – prevention and treatment | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/genital-warts

  Genital warts can be removed with creams, cryotherapy or laser, but treatment does not get rid of the virus itself, which usually goes away on its own within 2 years. […] Genital warts may be treated with: cream, wart paint, liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy), laser treatment, surgical removal. […] Treating your warts doesn’t cure the infection. Rather, treatments get rid of the warts you can see. […] For some people, the warts can go away on their own within 2 years. However if you have a weakened immune system, they may not go away. […] Treatments for other types of warts are not suitable for genital warts. See your doctor to discuss treatment options.

• #4 Genital warts – prevention and treatment | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/genital-warts

  Genital warts can be removed with creams, cryotherapy or laser, but treatment does not get rid of the virus itself, which usually goes away on its own within 2 years. […] Genital warts may be treated with: cream, wart paint, liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy), laser treatment, surgical removal. […] Treating your warts doesn’t cure the infection. Rather, treatments get rid of the warts you can see. […] For some people, the warts can go away on their own within 2 years. However if you have a weakened immune system, they may not go away. […] Treatments for other types of warts are not suitable for genital warts. See your doctor to discuss treatment options.

• #5 Genital Warts: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4209-genital-warts

  Treatment to remove genital warts doesn’t cure you from HPV. Even if you don’t have an active outbreak and your warts were removed, you can still spread HPV. […] Genital warts and HPV is lifelong. That means even with treatment to remove them, the warts may come back. […] Yes. There’s no cure for HPV, the virus that causes genital warts. As a result, you can get genital warts over and over again. […] Genital warts generally don’t cause any serious health complications. The strain of HPV that cause genital warts is low-risk. The HPV strains that cause cancer aren’t the same ones that cause genital warts. […] If you have an active outbreak of genital warts while pregnant, your hormone levels may cause the warts to bleed, get larger or multiply. […] The HPV vaccine can protect against certain types of HPV, including the ones that cause genital warts and certain cancers.

• #6 Management of Genital Warts | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/1215/p2335.html

  Genital warts caused by human papillomavirus infection are encountered commonly in primary care. Evidence guiding treatment selection is limited, but treatment guidelines recently have changed. The goal of treatment is clearance of visible warts; some evidence exists that treatment reduces infectivity, but there is no evidence that treatment reduces the incidence of cervical and genital cancer. The choice of therapy is based on the number, size, site, and morphology of lesions, as well as patient preferences, cost, convenience, adverse effects, and clinician experience. Patient-applied therapy such as imiquimod cream or podofilox is increasingly recommended. Podofilox, imiquimod, surgical excision, and cryotherapy are the most convenient and effective options. Fluorouracil and interferon are no longer recommended for routine use. The cost per successful treatment course is approximately $200 to $300 for podofilox, cryotherapy, electrodesiccation, surgical excision, laser treatment, and the loop electrosurgical excision procedure.

• #7 Management of Genital Warts | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/1215/p2335.html

  The primary treatment goal is removal of symptomatic warts. Some evidence suggests that treatment also may reduce the persistence of HPV DNA in genital tissue, and therefore may reduce infectivity. However, there is currently no evidence that treatment of genital warts has a favorable impact on the incidence of cervical and genital cancer, and there have been no controlled studies on the effects of treatment of external genital warts and HPV transmission rates. […] The choice of therapy is based on the number, size, site, and morphology of lesions, as well as patient preference, treatment cost, convenience, adverse effects, and physician experience. […] Treatment methods can be chemical or ablative. […] Podofilox is a 0.5 percent gel or solution containing purified extract of the most active compound of podophyllin.

• #8 Management of Genital Warts | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/1215/p2335.html

  Genital warts caused by human papillomavirus infection are encountered commonly in primary care. Evidence guiding treatment selection is limited, but treatment guidelines recently have changed. The goal of treatment is clearance of visible warts; some evidence exists that treatment reduces infectivity, but there is no evidence that treatment reduces the incidence of cervical and genital cancer. The choice of therapy is based on the number, size, site, and morphology of lesions, as well as patient preferences, cost, convenience, adverse effects, and clinician experience. Patient-applied therapy such as imiquimod cream or podofilox is increasingly recommended. Podofilox, imiquimod, surgical excision, and cryotherapy are the most convenient and effective options. Fluorouracil and interferon are no longer recommended for routine use. The cost per successful treatment course is approximately $200 to $300 for podofilox, cryotherapy, electrodesiccation, surgical excision, laser treatment, and the loop electrosurgical excision procedure.

• #9 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/anogenital-warts.htm

  The aim of treatment is removal of the warts and amelioration of symptoms, if present. […] For most patients, treatment results in resolution of the warts. […] Treatment of anogenital warts should be guided by wart size, number, and anatomic site; patient preference; cost of treatment; convenience; adverse effects; and provider experience. […] No definitive evidence indicates that any one recommended treatment is superior to another, and no single treatment is ideal for all patients or all warts. […] Shared clinical decision-making between a patient and a provider regarding treatment algorithms has been associated with improved clinical outcomes and should be encouraged. […] Because all available treatments have shortcomings, clinicians sometimes use combination therapy (e.g., provider-administered cryotherapy with patient-applied topical therapy between visits to the provider).

• #10 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/anogenital-warts.htm

  The aim of treatment is removal of the warts and amelioration of symptoms, if present. […] For most patients, treatment results in resolution of the warts. […] Treatment of anogenital warts should be guided by wart size, number, and anatomic site; patient preference; cost of treatment; convenience; adverse effects; and provider experience. […] No definitive evidence indicates that any one recommended treatment is superior to another, and no single treatment is ideal for all patients or all warts. […] Shared clinical decision-making between a patient and a provider regarding treatment algorithms has been associated with improved clinical outcomes and should be encouraged. […] Because all available treatments have shortcomings, clinicians sometimes use combination therapy (e.g., provider-administered cryotherapy with patient-applied topical therapy between visits to the provider).

• #11 Management of Genital Warts | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/1215/p2335.html

  Genital warts caused by human papillomavirus infection are encountered commonly in primary care. Evidence guiding treatment selection is limited, but treatment guidelines recently have changed. The goal of treatment is clearance of visible warts; some evidence exists that treatment reduces infectivity, but there is no evidence that treatment reduces the incidence of cervical and genital cancer. The choice of therapy is based on the number, size, site, and morphology of lesions, as well as patient preferences, cost, convenience, adverse effects, and clinician experience. Patient-applied therapy such as imiquimod cream or podofilox is increasingly recommended. Podofilox, imiquimod, surgical excision, and cryotherapy are the most convenient and effective options. Fluorouracil and interferon are no longer recommended for routine use. The cost per successful treatment course is approximately $200 to $300 for podofilox, cryotherapy, electrodesiccation, surgical excision, laser treatment, and the loop electrosurgical excision procedure.

• #12 Genital warts – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/genital-warts/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355240

  If your warts don’t cause discomfort, you might not need treatment. But medicine or surgery can help you clear an outbreak if you have itching, burning and pain. Treatment also can help if you’re concerned about spreading the infection. […] Warts often return after treatment though. And there is no treatment for the virus itself. […] Genital wart treatments that can go on the skin include: […] Imiquimod (Zyclara). This cream seems to boost the immune system’s ability to fight genital warts. […] Podophyllin (Podocon-25) and podofilox (Condylox). Podophyllin is a plant-based substance that destroys genital wart tissue. […] Trichloroacetic acid. This chemical treatment burns off genital warts. […] Sinecatechins (Veregen). This ointment can treat genital warts on the body and warts in or around the anus.

• #13 Patient education: Genital warts in women (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/genital-warts-in-women-beyond-the-basics/print

  Bichloracetic acid and trichloroacetic acid — Both bichloracetic acid (BCA) and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) are acids that destroy the wart tissue. TCA is used most commonly, and must be applied by a health care provider. The provider applies the acid to the wart once per week for four to six weeks, or until the warts go away. Side effects of TCA include pain and burning. TCA is safe for use during pregnancy. […] Imiquimod — Imiquimod (Aldara or Zyclara) is a cream that triggers the immune system to get rid of the wart. You can apply the cream directly to the wart (generally at bedtime), and then wash the area with water six to 10 hours later. You use the cream three days per week for up to 16 weeks (Aldara) or daily for up to eight weeks (Zyclara). Mild irritation and redness are normal while using imiquimod and mean that the treatment is working. Imiquimod is not recommended during pregnancy.

• #14 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/anogenital-warts.htm

  Imiquimod is a patient-applied, topically active immune enhancer that stimulates production of interferon and other cytokines. […] Podofilox (podophyllotoxin) is a patient-applied antimitotic drug that causes wart necrosis. […] Sinecatechins is a patient-applied, green-tea extract with an active product (catechins). […] Cryotherapy is a provider-administered therapy that destroys warts by thermal-induced cytolysis. […] Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and bichloroacetic acid (BCA) are provider-administered caustic agents that destroy warts by chemical coagulation of proteins. […] Fewer data are available regarding the efficacy of alternative regimens for treating anogenital warts, which include podophyllin resin, intralesional interferon, photodynamic therapy, and topical cidofovir. […] Recommended Regimens for Urethral Meatus Warts

• #15 Genital warts – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/genital-warts/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355240

  If your warts don’t cause discomfort, you might not need treatment. But medicine or surgery can help you clear an outbreak if you have itching, burning and pain. Treatment also can help if you’re concerned about spreading the infection. […] Warts often return after treatment though. And there is no treatment for the virus itself. […] Genital wart treatments that can go on the skin include: […] Imiquimod (Zyclara). This cream seems to boost the immune system’s ability to fight genital warts. […] Podophyllin (Podocon-25) and podofilox (Condylox). Podophyllin is a plant-based substance that destroys genital wart tissue. […] Trichloroacetic acid. This chemical treatment burns off genital warts. […] Sinecatechins (Veregen). This ointment can treat genital warts on the body and warts in or around the anus.

• #16 Patient education: Genital warts in women (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/genital-warts-in-women-beyond-the-basics/print

  Medical treatments — Medical treatments include creams or liquids that you or your doctor or nurse must apply to the wart. All of these treatments must be used one or more times per week for several weeks, until the wart(s) goes away. […] Podophyllin — Podophyllin is a treatment that destroys the wart tissue. A doctor or nurse applies the solution directly to the wart(s) with a cotton swab, and you should wash the area one to four hours later. The treatment is repeated weekly for four to six weeks, or until the lesions have cleared. Side effects range from mild skin irritation to pain and skin ulcers. Podophyllin is not used in pregnant patients. […] Podofilox — Podofilox is similar to podophyllin, but you can apply podofilox (Condylox) at home. Using a cotton swab, you apply a gel or liquid solution to the wart(s) twice daily for three days in a row. Then you use no treatment for the next four days. You can repeat this cycle up to four times until the warts have gone away. Podofilox is not used in pregnant patients. Side effects of podofilox are similar to those of podophyllin.

• #17 Management of External Genital Warts | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0901/p312.html

  Podofilox (FDA pregnancy category C) is available as a 0.5% solution. It is purified from podophyllin, a clinician-applied option since the 1940s. Podofilox stops division of infected cells, causing tissue necrosis. Patients should apply the solution to affected areas twice daily for three days in a row, then discontinue therapy for four days. […] Sinecatechins (FDA pregnancy category C) are extracts of green tea leaves that are compounded as a 15% ointment. Sinecatechins are thought to decrease viral replication. Patients should apply a 0.5-cm strand of ointment onto each wart three times daily for up to 16 weeks. […] Podophyllin (FDA pregnancy category X) is an herbal extract compounded as a 25% solution. The preparation causes wart regression and necrosis by stopping mitosis. […] Trichloroacetic acid and bichloroacetic acid (both FDA pregnancy category N [not classified]) cause protein denaturing and cell death when applied to the skin.

• #18 Genital warts – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/genital-warts/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355240

  If your warts don’t cause discomfort, you might not need treatment. But medicine or surgery can help you clear an outbreak if you have itching, burning and pain. Treatment also can help if you’re concerned about spreading the infection. […] Warts often return after treatment though. And there is no treatment for the virus itself. […] Genital wart treatments that can go on the skin include: […] Imiquimod (Zyclara). This cream seems to boost the immune system’s ability to fight genital warts. […] Podophyllin (Podocon-25) and podofilox (Condylox). Podophyllin is a plant-based substance that destroys genital wart tissue. […] Trichloroacetic acid. This chemical treatment burns off genital warts. […] Sinecatechins (Veregen). This ointment can treat genital warts on the body and warts in or around the anus.

• #19 Patient education: Genital warts in women (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/genital-warts-in-women-beyond-the-basics/print

  Interferon — Interferon is a medication that causes an immune response. It is available in several treatment forms (injection, topical gel), but studies have shown that it most effective when given as an injection into the wart. Side effects of interferon include flu-like symptoms, fatigue, lack of appetite, and pain. Interferon is not usually recommended as a first-line treatment. It may be used in combination with surgical and/or other medical treatments, especially with warts that do not improve with other treatments. Interferon is not safe during pregnancy. […] Sinecatechins — Sinecatechins (eg, Veregen) is a botanical product that can be self-administered. The exact mechanism of action of catechins is unknown, but they have both antioxidant and immune enhancing activity. The ointment is placed on each external wart three times each day for up to 16 weeks. It should not be used in the vagina or anus, in immunocompromised people, or in people with active herpes. It should be washed off of the skin before sexual contact or before inserting a tampon into the vagina, and it can weaken the latex in condoms and diaphragms.

• #20 Management of External Genital Warts | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0901/p312.html

  Podofilox (FDA pregnancy category C) is available as a 0.5% solution. It is purified from podophyllin, a clinician-applied option since the 1940s. Podofilox stops division of infected cells, causing tissue necrosis. Patients should apply the solution to affected areas twice daily for three days in a row, then discontinue therapy for four days. […] Sinecatechins (FDA pregnancy category C) are extracts of green tea leaves that are compounded as a 15% ointment. Sinecatechins are thought to decrease viral replication. Patients should apply a 0.5-cm strand of ointment onto each wart three times daily for up to 16 weeks. […] Podophyllin (FDA pregnancy category X) is an herbal extract compounded as a 25% solution. The preparation causes wart regression and necrosis by stopping mitosis. […] Trichloroacetic acid and bichloroacetic acid (both FDA pregnancy category N [not classified]) cause protein denaturing and cell death when applied to the skin.

• #21 Genital warts – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/genital-warts/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355240

  If your warts don’t cause discomfort, you might not need treatment. But medicine or surgery can help you clear an outbreak if you have itching, burning and pain. Treatment also can help if you’re concerned about spreading the infection. […] Warts often return after treatment though. And there is no treatment for the virus itself. […] Genital wart treatments that can go on the skin include: […] Imiquimod (Zyclara). This cream seems to boost the immune system’s ability to fight genital warts. […] Podophyllin (Podocon-25) and podofilox (Condylox). Podophyllin is a plant-based substance that destroys genital wart tissue. […] Trichloroacetic acid. This chemical treatment burns off genital warts. […] Sinecatechins (Veregen). This ointment can treat genital warts on the body and warts in or around the anus.

• #22 Patient education: Genital warts in women (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/genital-warts-in-women-beyond-the-basics/print

  Medical treatments — Medical treatments include creams or liquids that you or your doctor or nurse must apply to the wart. All of these treatments must be used one or more times per week for several weeks, until the wart(s) goes away. […] Podophyllin — Podophyllin is a treatment that destroys the wart tissue. A doctor or nurse applies the solution directly to the wart(s) with a cotton swab, and you should wash the area one to four hours later. The treatment is repeated weekly for four to six weeks, or until the lesions have cleared. Side effects range from mild skin irritation to pain and skin ulcers. Podophyllin is not used in pregnant patients. […] Podofilox — Podofilox is similar to podophyllin, but you can apply podofilox (Condylox) at home. Using a cotton swab, you apply a gel or liquid solution to the wart(s) twice daily for three days in a row. Then you use no treatment for the next four days. You can repeat this cycle up to four times until the warts have gone away. Podofilox is not used in pregnant patients. Side effects of podofilox are similar to those of podophyllin.

• #23 Genital warts – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/genital-warts/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355240

  If your warts don’t cause discomfort, you might not need treatment. But medicine or surgery can help you clear an outbreak if you have itching, burning and pain. Treatment also can help if you’re concerned about spreading the infection. […] Warts often return after treatment though. And there is no treatment for the virus itself. […] Genital wart treatments that can go on the skin include: […] Imiquimod (Zyclara). This cream seems to boost the immune system’s ability to fight genital warts. […] Podophyllin (Podocon-25) and podofilox (Condylox). Podophyllin is a plant-based substance that destroys genital wart tissue. […] Trichloroacetic acid. This chemical treatment burns off genital warts. […] Sinecatechins (Veregen). This ointment can treat genital warts on the body and warts in or around the anus.

• #24 Patient education: Genital warts in women (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/genital-warts-in-women-beyond-the-basics/print

  Bichloracetic acid and trichloroacetic acid — Both bichloracetic acid (BCA) and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) are acids that destroy the wart tissue. TCA is used most commonly, and must be applied by a health care provider. The provider applies the acid to the wart once per week for four to six weeks, or until the warts go away. Side effects of TCA include pain and burning. TCA is safe for use during pregnancy. […] Imiquimod — Imiquimod (Aldara or Zyclara) is a cream that triggers the immune system to get rid of the wart. You can apply the cream directly to the wart (generally at bedtime), and then wash the area with water six to 10 hours later. You use the cream three days per week for up to 16 weeks (Aldara) or daily for up to eight weeks (Zyclara). Mild irritation and redness are normal while using imiquimod and mean that the treatment is working. Imiquimod is not recommended during pregnancy.

• #25 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/anogenital-warts.htm

  Imiquimod is a patient-applied, topically active immune enhancer that stimulates production of interferon and other cytokines. […] Podofilox (podophyllotoxin) is a patient-applied antimitotic drug that causes wart necrosis. […] Sinecatechins is a patient-applied, green-tea extract with an active product (catechins). […] Cryotherapy is a provider-administered therapy that destroys warts by thermal-induced cytolysis. […] Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and bichloroacetic acid (BCA) are provider-administered caustic agents that destroy warts by chemical coagulation of proteins. […] Fewer data are available regarding the efficacy of alternative regimens for treating anogenital warts, which include podophyllin resin, intralesional interferon, photodynamic therapy, and topical cidofovir. […] Recommended Regimens for Urethral Meatus Warts

• #26 Genital warts – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/genital-warts/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355240

  Do not try to treat genital warts with wart removers sold in stores. These medicines aren’t meant for use in the genital area. […] You might need surgery to remove larger warts or ones that don’t get better with medicine. […] Freezing with liquid nitrogen. This also is called cryotherapy. […] Electrocautery. This procedure uses an electric current to burn off warts. […] Surgical excision. Warts can be cut off during surgery. […] Laser treatments. This approach uses an intense beam of light.

• #27 Genital Warts: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4209-genital-warts

  Genital warts are a type of sexually transmitted infection (STI) that causes warts (small bumps or growths) to form in and around your genitals and rectum. […] While there’s no cure for HPV itself, you can receive treatment for genital warts. […] Genital warts may go away on their own because your immune system can fight off the infection that causes it. However, they may get larger, multiply or become increasingly uncomfortable. Removing genital warts reduces your chances of spreading the infection since an active outbreak spreads more easily. Remember, treatment for genital warts isn’t a cure. […] There are different ways to remove genital warts. You may need several treatments to get rid of them. During treatment, you should abstain from sexual contact. […] Your healthcare provider may use one of these methods to treat genital warts: Electrocautery: An electric current burns away warts. Freezing: During cryotherapy, your provider applies liquid nitrogen to freeze and destroy warts. Laser treatment: A laser light destroys tiny blood vessels inside warts, cutting off their blood supply. Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP): With LEEP, your provider uses an electrically charged wire loop to remove warts. A provider may use this method to remove warts on your cervix. Topical (skin) medicine: Once a week for several weeks, you apply a prescription chemical solution or cream to the warts. The chemical causes blisters to form under the warts, stopping blood flow. In some cases, your provider may apply the chemical solution at their office. There are also prescription creams your provider will prescribe that you can use at home. Surgery: Your provider may surgically cut out warts that are large or don’t respond to other treatments.

• #28 Management of Genital Warts | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/1215/p2335.html

  Imiquimod 5 percent cream is a topical cell-mediated immune response modifier that comes in single use packets. […] Treatment with 5 percent fluorouracil cream (Efudex) is no longer recommended because of severe local side effects and teratogenicity. […] Cryotherapy is recommended for patients with small to moderate numbers of warts. […] Surgical treatment for warts involves removal to the dermal-epidermal junction. […] Carbon dioxide laser treatment is best for extensive intraurethral warts and extensive vaginal warts. […] The side effects of each treatment method and the risk of recurrence are summarized in Table 3. All of these treatment methods can cause considerable discomfort, erythema, epithelial erosion, ulceration at the treatment site, depigmentation, and scarring. […] The choice of initial treatment modality should be guided by a number of considerations, including wart morphology, size, number, and location.

• #29 Genital Warts Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Consultations, Prevention

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/763014-treatment

  Symptomatic treatment may be warranted in emergency situations. […] Further treatment, screening, and vaccination guidelines from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are available. […] If visible genital warts are left untreated, they can undergo spontaneous resolution, increase in size, increase in number, or remain unchanged. […] Complete resolution of lesions after 2 years occurs in 75% of individuals without intervention. […] Cryotherapy can be used. […] Response rates are high, clearance occurs about 75% of the time with few adverse sequelae. […] Adverse reactions include pain during treatment, erosion, ulceration, and postinflammatory hypopigmentation of skin. […] Surgical excision has the highest success rate and lowest recurrence rate.

• #30 Genital warts – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/genital-warts/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355240

  Do not try to treat genital warts with wart removers sold in stores. These medicines aren’t meant for use in the genital area. […] You might need surgery to remove larger warts or ones that don’t get better with medicine. […] Freezing with liquid nitrogen. This also is called cryotherapy. […] Electrocautery. This procedure uses an electric current to burn off warts. […] Surgical excision. Warts can be cut off during surgery. […] Laser treatments. This approach uses an intense beam of light.

• #31 Genital Warts: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4209-genital-warts

  Genital warts are a type of sexually transmitted infection (STI) that causes warts (small bumps or growths) to form in and around your genitals and rectum. […] While there’s no cure for HPV itself, you can receive treatment for genital warts. […] Genital warts may go away on their own because your immune system can fight off the infection that causes it. However, they may get larger, multiply or become increasingly uncomfortable. Removing genital warts reduces your chances of spreading the infection since an active outbreak spreads more easily. Remember, treatment for genital warts isn’t a cure. […] There are different ways to remove genital warts. You may need several treatments to get rid of them. During treatment, you should abstain from sexual contact. […] Your healthcare provider may use one of these methods to treat genital warts: Electrocautery: An electric current burns away warts. Freezing: During cryotherapy, your provider applies liquid nitrogen to freeze and destroy warts. Laser treatment: A laser light destroys tiny blood vessels inside warts, cutting off their blood supply. Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP): With LEEP, your provider uses an electrically charged wire loop to remove warts. A provider may use this method to remove warts on your cervix. Topical (skin) medicine: Once a week for several weeks, you apply a prescription chemical solution or cream to the warts. The chemical causes blisters to form under the warts, stopping blood flow. In some cases, your provider may apply the chemical solution at their office. There are also prescription creams your provider will prescribe that you can use at home. Surgery: Your provider may surgically cut out warts that are large or don’t respond to other treatments.

• #32 Genital Warts Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Consultations, Prevention

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/763014-treatment

  Initial cure rates are 63-91%. […] Carbon dioxide laser treatment is used for extensive or recurrent genital warts. […] Clearance rates are more than 90%, but reoccurrence can be up to 40%. […] With infrared coagulation, a beam of infrared light is delivered to the affected lesions, causing tissue coagulation and necrosis. […] Treatment is successful in about 80% of cases. […] Physician administered treatments include acid applications (bichloroacetic acid or trichloroacetic acid) and interferon injections with antiviral mechanisms. […] Medications for home use include imiquimod 5% cream, podofilox gel or solution, and antiproliferative compounds (5-fluorouracil). […] The 9-valent HPV vaccine (Gardasil 9 [9vHPV]) is available in the United States to decrease the risk of certain cancers and precancerous lesions in males and females.

• #33 Genital warts – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/genital-warts/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355240

  Do not try to treat genital warts with wart removers sold in stores. These medicines aren’t meant for use in the genital area. […] You might need surgery to remove larger warts or ones that don’t get better with medicine. […] Freezing with liquid nitrogen. This also is called cryotherapy. […] Electrocautery. This procedure uses an electric current to burn off warts. […] Surgical excision. Warts can be cut off during surgery. […] Laser treatments. This approach uses an intense beam of light.

• #34 Genital Warts Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Consultations, Prevention

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/763014-treatment

  Symptomatic treatment may be warranted in emergency situations. […] Further treatment, screening, and vaccination guidelines from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are available. […] If visible genital warts are left untreated, they can undergo spontaneous resolution, increase in size, increase in number, or remain unchanged. […] Complete resolution of lesions after 2 years occurs in 75% of individuals without intervention. […] Cryotherapy can be used. […] Response rates are high, clearance occurs about 75% of the time with few adverse sequelae. […] Adverse reactions include pain during treatment, erosion, ulceration, and postinflammatory hypopigmentation of skin. […] Surgical excision has the highest success rate and lowest recurrence rate.

• #35 Patient education: Genital warts in women (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/genital-warts-in-women-beyond-the-basics/print

  In trials of this therapy, 5 percent of users discontinued the drug due to side effects and almost 90 percent reported local application site reactions, some of which were severe (itching, redness, pain, inflammation, ulceration, swelling, burning, small blisters). […] Surgical treatment — Surgical treatments include treatments that remove the wart (called excision) and treatments that destroy (freeze, burn) the wart. These treatments are often used in combination. Some surgical treatments can be done in the office while others are done in the operating room. Surgical treatments are considered safe in pregnancy, and may be recommended for: […] • Warts that do not respond to medical therapy […] • Large areas of warts, where medical therapy alone is often inadequate […] • Warts involving the vagina, urethra, or anus

• #36 Management of External Genital Warts | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0901/p312.html

  Cryotherapy eliminates warts by thermolysis. Liquid nitrogen or a cryoprobe is applied centrally until a white halo of frozen tissue reaches 1 to 2 mm beyond the lesion. […] Electrosurgery effectively excises external genital warts often in a single visit but requires considerable technical skill and may result in pain and scarring if the excision is too deep. […] Surgical excision may be the most cost-effective treatment for genital warts. This method may be particularly helpful when warts are pedunculated or exophytic. […] Additional treatment options are available for lesions that do not respond to one or more of the above therapies. These include topical and intralesional interferon alfa, topical and intravenous cidofovir (Vistide), photodynamic therapy, carbon dioxide laser therapy, and topical fluorouracil.

• #37 Genital warts – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/genital-warts/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355240

  Do not try to treat genital warts with wart removers sold in stores. These medicines aren’t meant for use in the genital area. […] You might need surgery to remove larger warts or ones that don’t get better with medicine. […] Freezing with liquid nitrogen. This also is called cryotherapy. […] Electrocautery. This procedure uses an electric current to burn off warts. […] Surgical excision. Warts can be cut off during surgery. […] Laser treatments. This approach uses an intense beam of light.

• #38 Genital Warts: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4209-genital-warts

  Genital warts are a type of sexually transmitted infection (STI) that causes warts (small bumps or growths) to form in and around your genitals and rectum. […] While there’s no cure for HPV itself, you can receive treatment for genital warts. […] Genital warts may go away on their own because your immune system can fight off the infection that causes it. However, they may get larger, multiply or become increasingly uncomfortable. Removing genital warts reduces your chances of spreading the infection since an active outbreak spreads more easily. Remember, treatment for genital warts isn’t a cure. […] There are different ways to remove genital warts. You may need several treatments to get rid of them. During treatment, you should abstain from sexual contact. […] Your healthcare provider may use one of these methods to treat genital warts: Electrocautery: An electric current burns away warts. Freezing: During cryotherapy, your provider applies liquid nitrogen to freeze and destroy warts. Laser treatment: A laser light destroys tiny blood vessels inside warts, cutting off their blood supply. Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP): With LEEP, your provider uses an electrically charged wire loop to remove warts. A provider may use this method to remove warts on your cervix. Topical (skin) medicine: Once a week for several weeks, you apply a prescription chemical solution or cream to the warts. The chemical causes blisters to form under the warts, stopping blood flow. In some cases, your provider may apply the chemical solution at their office. There are also prescription creams your provider will prescribe that you can use at home. Surgery: Your provider may surgically cut out warts that are large or don’t respond to other treatments.

• #39 Genital Warts Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Consultations, Prevention

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/763014-treatment

  Initial cure rates are 63-91%. […] Carbon dioxide laser treatment is used for extensive or recurrent genital warts. […] Clearance rates are more than 90%, but reoccurrence can be up to 40%. […] With infrared coagulation, a beam of infrared light is delivered to the affected lesions, causing tissue coagulation and necrosis. […] Treatment is successful in about 80% of cases. […] Physician administered treatments include acid applications (bichloroacetic acid or trichloroacetic acid) and interferon injections with antiviral mechanisms. […] Medications for home use include imiquimod 5% cream, podofilox gel or solution, and antiproliferative compounds (5-fluorouracil). […] The 9-valent HPV vaccine (Gardasil 9 [9vHPV]) is available in the United States to decrease the risk of certain cancers and precancerous lesions in males and females.

• #40 Patient education: Genital warts in women (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/genital-warts-in-women-beyond-the-basics/print

  • Areas that have precancerous changes in addition to warts […] Cryotherapy — Cryotherapy uses a chemical to freeze the wart. The treatment can be done in the office, and does not usually require any anesthesia. Cryotherapy often causes pain during the procedure; other side effects can include skin irritation, swelling, blistering, and ulceration. Cryotherapy can be used during pregnancy. […] Electrocautery — Electrocautery uses electrical energy to burn away warts. Treatment is usually done in an operating room using local anesthesia to prevent pain. […] Excision — Excision involves using surgery to remove the wart. Most people are treated in the operating room using anesthesia to prevent pain. Rarely, excision causes pain, scarring, and infection. […] Laser — Lasers produce light energy, which destroys warts. Physicians who perform laser treatment require specific training and specialized equipment. Laser treatment is done in the operating room using local anesthesia to prevent pain. Laser therapy may be recommended if you have multiple warts spread over a large area. Risks of laser surgery include scarring, pain, and changes in the skin (usually lightened color).

• #41 Genital Warts: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4209-genital-warts

  Genital warts are a type of sexually transmitted infection (STI) that causes warts (small bumps or growths) to form in and around your genitals and rectum. […] While there’s no cure for HPV itself, you can receive treatment for genital warts. […] Genital warts may go away on their own because your immune system can fight off the infection that causes it. However, they may get larger, multiply or become increasingly uncomfortable. Removing genital warts reduces your chances of spreading the infection since an active outbreak spreads more easily. Remember, treatment for genital warts isn’t a cure. […] There are different ways to remove genital warts. You may need several treatments to get rid of them. During treatment, you should abstain from sexual contact. […] Your healthcare provider may use one of these methods to treat genital warts: Electrocautery: An electric current burns away warts. Freezing: During cryotherapy, your provider applies liquid nitrogen to freeze and destroy warts. Laser treatment: A laser light destroys tiny blood vessels inside warts, cutting off their blood supply. Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP): With LEEP, your provider uses an electrically charged wire loop to remove warts. A provider may use this method to remove warts on your cervix. Topical (skin) medicine: Once a week for several weeks, you apply a prescription chemical solution or cream to the warts. The chemical causes blisters to form under the warts, stopping blood flow. In some cases, your provider may apply the chemical solution at their office. There are also prescription creams your provider will prescribe that you can use at home. Surgery: Your provider may surgically cut out warts that are large or don’t respond to other treatments.

• #42 Genital Warts: Permanent or Do They Go Away?

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/do-genital-warts-go-away-8629587

  Electrocautery: Electric current is used to destroy the warts […] Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP): Wart is removed by passing a sharp, loop-shaped instrument underneath the wart to cut it out of the skin. […] It is important to remember that even with treatment for genital warts, you can still pass the HPV virus on to others. […] Treating genital warts may or may not reduce the chance of spreading the virus, and most people with HPV infection do not have visible warts. […] The vaccine helps protect against contracting HPV infections, but does not treat current HPV infections or genital warts. […] Genital warts are caused by the HPV virus. Genital warts may go away on their own, or they may remain. Treatments for genital warts include medications, procedures such as cryotherapy, and surgical procedures such as excision. […] Treating genital warts does not treat the HPV virus, which remains in the body and can still be spread to others after treatment. […] Factors that may affect genital warts healing include immune system health, age, and lifestyle habits.

• #43 Genital Warts: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4209-genital-warts

  Treatment to remove genital warts doesn’t cure you from HPV. Even if you don’t have an active outbreak and your warts were removed, you can still spread HPV. […] Genital warts and HPV is lifelong. That means even with treatment to remove them, the warts may come back. […] Yes. There’s no cure for HPV, the virus that causes genital warts. As a result, you can get genital warts over and over again. […] Genital warts generally don’t cause any serious health complications. The strain of HPV that cause genital warts is low-risk. The HPV strains that cause cancer aren’t the same ones that cause genital warts. […] If you have an active outbreak of genital warts while pregnant, your hormone levels may cause the warts to bleed, get larger or multiply. […] The HPV vaccine can protect against certain types of HPV, including the ones that cause genital warts and certain cancers.

• #44 Management of Genital Warts | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/1215/p2335.html

  Cervical warts should be treated with the most convenient method, and patients should be evaluated by colposcopy to exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer. […] Podophyllin, podofilox, and fluorouracil should not be used in pregnant patients because of possible teratogenicity. Imiquimod is not approved for use in pregnant women, although treatment with this agent can be considered after informed consent has been obtained.

• #45 Genital warts

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/genital-warts/

  Treatment for genital warts needs to be prescribed by a doctor. The type of treatment depends on what your warts are like. […] There’s no cure for genital warts. This means that there is no medicine that you can take to get rid of them permanently. […] Treatments include: cream or liquid – you can usually apply this to the warts yourself; surgery – a doctor or nurse can cut, burn or laser the warts off; freezing – a doctor or nurse can freeze the warts, usually every week for 4 weeks. […] It may take weeks or months for treatment to work and the warts may come back. The treatment does not work for some people. […] Warts may go away without treatment but this can take many months. You can still pass the virus on, and the warts may come back. […] Do not use wart treatment from a pharmacy – these are not made for genital warts. […] Do not have vaginal, anal or oral sex until the warts have gone – if you do, use a condom. […] During pregnancy, genital warts can grow and multiply, might appear for the first time, or come back after a long time, can be treated safely, but some treatments should be avoided.

• #46 Anogenital warts | STI Guidelines Australia

  https://sti.guidelines.org.au/sexually-transmissible-infections/anogenital-warts/

  Treatment for genital warts: Patient applied podophyllotoxin paint topically applied, twice a day for 3 days, then 4 days off, repeated weekly for 4-6 cycles until resolution. OR Patient applied imiquimod 5% cream topically, 3 times per week at bedtime (wash after 6-10 hours) until resolution (up to 16 weeks). […] Clinician initiated cryotherapy weekly. (Rarely may need excision under local anaesthetic or ablative therapy under general anaesthetic. Seek specialist advice.) […] Treatment is cosmetic rather than curative. […] HIV infection: genital warts can have a poor response to treatment and may require longer cycles of treatment and are more likely to recur. […] Cryotherapy can have a poor response. Lesions often resolve spontaneously postnatally when immune function returns to normal following delivery. […] Meatal warts: treat with cryotherapy […] Intra-anal warts: treat with cryotherapy or refer for surgical management […] Cervical warts: initial cervical cytology and refer to gynaecologist for consideration of colposcopy, biopsy and treatment as indicated.

• #47 Management of External Genital Warts | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0901/p312.html

  There is little evidence to guide treatment of genital warts during pregnancy. […] Patients with significant immunosuppression are at increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma, which may be clinically similar or identical to genital warts. […] Warts that do not respond to one or more treatments should prompt the physician to review the differential diagnosis and consider a biopsy or referral to a subspecialist. […] Developed primarily to prevent cervical cancer, two available HPV vaccines target the L1 proteins of high-risk HPV subtypes 16 and 18, which are associated with cervical, penile, and oropharyngeal cancers. The quadrivalent vaccine (Gardasil) also targets low-risk HPV types 6 and 11, which are responsible for 90% of cases of external genital warts.

• #48 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/anogenital-warts.htm

  Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen […] OR […] Surgical removal […] Recommended Regimens for Vaginal Warts […] Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen […] OR […] Surgical removal […] OR […] Trichloracetic acid (TCA) or bichloroacetic acid (BCA) 80%90% solution […] Recommended Regimens for Cervical Warts […] Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen […] OR […] Surgical removal […] OR […] Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or Bichloroacetic acid (BCA) 80%90% solution […] Management of cervical warts should include consultation with a specialist. […] Recommended Regimens for Intra-Anal Warts […] Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen […] OR […] Surgical removal […] OR […] Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or Bichloroacetic acid (BCA) 80%90% solution […] Management of intra-anal warts should include consultation with a colorectal specialist.

• #49 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/anogenital-warts.htm

  Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen […] OR […] Surgical removal […] Recommended Regimens for Vaginal Warts […] Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen […] OR […] Surgical removal […] OR […] Trichloracetic acid (TCA) or bichloroacetic acid (BCA) 80%90% solution […] Recommended Regimens for Cervical Warts […] Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen […] OR […] Surgical removal […] OR […] Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or Bichloroacetic acid (BCA) 80%90% solution […] Management of cervical warts should include consultation with a specialist. […] Recommended Regimens for Intra-Anal Warts […] Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen […] OR […] Surgical removal […] OR […] Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or Bichloroacetic acid (BCA) 80%90% solution […] Management of intra-anal warts should include consultation with a colorectal specialist.

• #50 Management of Genital Warts | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/1215/p2335.html

  Cervical warts should be treated with the most convenient method, and patients should be evaluated by colposcopy to exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer. […] Podophyllin, podofilox, and fluorouracil should not be used in pregnant patients because of possible teratogenicity. Imiquimod is not approved for use in pregnant women, although treatment with this agent can be considered after informed consent has been obtained.

• #51 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/anogenital-warts.htm

  Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen […] OR […] Surgical removal […] Recommended Regimens for Vaginal Warts […] Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen […] OR […] Surgical removal […] OR […] Trichloracetic acid (TCA) or bichloroacetic acid (BCA) 80%90% solution […] Recommended Regimens for Cervical Warts […] Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen […] OR […] Surgical removal […] OR […] Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or Bichloroacetic acid (BCA) 80%90% solution […] Management of cervical warts should include consultation with a specialist. […] Recommended Regimens for Intra-Anal Warts […] Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen […] OR […] Surgical removal […] OR […] Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or Bichloroacetic acid (BCA) 80%90% solution […] Management of intra-anal warts should include consultation with a colorectal specialist.

• #52 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/anogenital-warts.htm

  Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen […] OR […] Surgical removal […] Recommended Regimens for Vaginal Warts […] Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen […] OR […] Surgical removal […] OR […] Trichloracetic acid (TCA) or bichloroacetic acid (BCA) 80%90% solution […] Recommended Regimens for Cervical Warts […] Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen […] OR […] Surgical removal […] OR […] Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or Bichloroacetic acid (BCA) 80%90% solution […] Management of cervical warts should include consultation with a specialist. […] Recommended Regimens for Intra-Anal Warts […] Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen […] OR […] Surgical removal […] OR […] Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or Bichloroacetic acid (BCA) 80%90% solution […] Management of intra-anal warts should include consultation with a colorectal specialist.

• #53 Management of External Genital Warts | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0901/p312.html

  Common treatments for genital warts include patient- or clinician-applied topical therapies, as well as surgical and destructive approaches. Effectiveness varies among treatments, and head-to-head studies of all available modalities are lacking. Recurrence rates range from 25% to 67%. Patients with asymptomatic lesions may prefer no treatment, and one-third of cases clear spontaneously. Patient-applied treatments include imiquimod (Aldara), podofilox (Condylox), and sinecatechins (Veregen). Clinician-applied methods include podophyllin, trichloroacetic and bichloroacetic acids, cryotherapy, electrosurgery, and surgical excision. […] Imiquimod (U.S. Food and Drug Administration [FDA] pregnancy category C) is approved for treatment of genital warts and is available as a 5% cream. Imiquimod upregulates immune surveillance through cytokine induction and release of interferons. Patients should apply a thin layer onto affected areas every other night for three nights weekly until the warts resolve or for up to 16 weeks.

• #54 Genital Warts Medication: Keratolytics, Miscellaneous topical ointment, Interferons, Immune response modifiers, Vaccines

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/763014-medication

  Kunecatechins is a botanical drug product for topical use consisting of extract from green tea leaves. […] Interferon alfa-n3 is approved by the FDA for injection in refractory condyloma acuminata. […] The recurrence rate is 20-40%, but the recurrence rate after successful treatment is lower than with other treatment modalities. […] These agents are indicated for treatment of genital warts. Induces secretion of interferon alpha and other cytokines; mechanisms of action are unknown. […] The 9-valent HPV vaccine is indicated for prevention of HPV-associated dysplasias and neoplasia, including cervical cancer, genital warts (condyloma acuminata), and precancerous genital lesions. […] This vaccine induces a humoral immune response to 9 HPV subtypes: 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58. It is indicated in males and females aged 9-45 years to prevent HPV-associated diseases.

• #55 Management of Genital Warts | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/1215/p2335.html

  Imiquimod 5 percent cream is a topical cell-mediated immune response modifier that comes in single use packets. […] Treatment with 5 percent fluorouracil cream (Efudex) is no longer recommended because of severe local side effects and teratogenicity. […] Cryotherapy is recommended for patients with small to moderate numbers of warts. […] Surgical treatment for warts involves removal to the dermal-epidermal junction. […] Carbon dioxide laser treatment is best for extensive intraurethral warts and extensive vaginal warts. […] The side effects of each treatment method and the risk of recurrence are summarized in Table 3. All of these treatment methods can cause considerable discomfort, erythema, epithelial erosion, ulceration at the treatment site, depigmentation, and scarring. […] The choice of initial treatment modality should be guided by a number of considerations, including wart morphology, size, number, and location.

• #56 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/anogenital-warts.htm

  Anogenital warts typically respond within 3 months of therapy. […] Complications occur rarely when treatment is administered correctly. […] Persistent hypopigmentation or hyperpigmentation can occur with ablative modalities (e.g., cryotherapy and electrocautery) and have been described with immune modulating therapies (e.g., imiquimod cream). […] Rarely, treatment can result in chronic pain syndromes (e.g., vulvodynia and hyperesthesia of the treatment site) or, in the case of anal warts, painful defecation or fistulas.

• #57 Genital Warts: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4209-genital-warts

  Treatment to remove genital warts doesn’t cure you from HPV. Even if you don’t have an active outbreak and your warts were removed, you can still spread HPV. […] Genital warts and HPV is lifelong. That means even with treatment to remove them, the warts may come back. […] Yes. There’s no cure for HPV, the virus that causes genital warts. As a result, you can get genital warts over and over again. […] Genital warts generally don’t cause any serious health complications. The strain of HPV that cause genital warts is low-risk. The HPV strains that cause cancer aren’t the same ones that cause genital warts. […] If you have an active outbreak of genital warts while pregnant, your hormone levels may cause the warts to bleed, get larger or multiply. […] The HPV vaccine can protect against certain types of HPV, including the ones that cause genital warts and certain cancers.

• #58 New approach to managing genital warts

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3710035/

  To summarize and determine the appropriate use for the new and old management tools for genital warts. […] Imiquimod and podophyllotoxin are 2 new treatments for external genital warts that are less painful and can be applied by patients at home. In addition, the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine has been shown to be efficacious in preventing genital warts and cervical cancer. […] The new treatments of external genital warts can reduce the pain of treatment and the number of office visits. […] This review presents the new approaches to the treatment and management of genital warts, while including possible roles for some of the old treatments. […] Genital warts are a common cause of morbidity. […] Treatment of benign, symptomatic genital warts is aimed at alleviation of physical symptoms and cosmetic improvement.

• #59 Genital Warts: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4209-genital-warts

  If you’re sexually active, you can take these steps to protect yourself from getting or spreading HPV, genital warts and other STIs: Use condoms or dental dams. Get the HPV vaccine. Get routine testing and any necessary treatment for STIs. […] Genital warts and HPV are common STIs. These types of warts, and the HPV types that cause them, don’t increase your risk for getting cancer. […] You should call your healthcare provider if you experience: Genital irritation or itching. Painful intercourse. Painful urination (dysuria). Unusual or foul-smelling penile or vaginal discharge. Vaginal or penile redness, soreness or swelling. […] If you have genital warts, you may want to ask your healthcare provider: What is the best treatment for me? Will warts come back after treatment? What’s the best way to avoid getting another STI? How can I protect my partner from getting HPV or genital warts? […] Almost all cases of genital warts are caused by HPV, which is a virus spread through sexual contact.

• #60 Genital warts

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/genital-warts/

  Treatment for genital warts needs to be prescribed by a doctor. The type of treatment depends on what your warts are like. […] There’s no cure for genital warts. This means that there is no medicine that you can take to get rid of them permanently. […] Treatments include: cream or liquid – you can usually apply this to the warts yourself; surgery – a doctor or nurse can cut, burn or laser the warts off; freezing – a doctor or nurse can freeze the warts, usually every week for 4 weeks. […] It may take weeks or months for treatment to work and the warts may come back. The treatment does not work for some people. […] Warts may go away without treatment but this can take many months. You can still pass the virus on, and the warts may come back. […] Do not use wart treatment from a pharmacy – these are not made for genital warts. […] Do not have vaginal, anal or oral sex until the warts have gone – if you do, use a condom. […] During pregnancy, genital warts can grow and multiply, might appear for the first time, or come back after a long time, can be treated safely, but some treatments should be avoided.

• #61 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/anogenital-warts.htm

  The aim of treatment is removal of the warts and amelioration of symptoms, if present. […] For most patients, treatment results in resolution of the warts. […] Treatment of anogenital warts should be guided by wart size, number, and anatomic site; patient preference; cost of treatment; convenience; adverse effects; and provider experience. […] No definitive evidence indicates that any one recommended treatment is superior to another, and no single treatment is ideal for all patients or all warts. […] Shared clinical decision-making between a patient and a provider regarding treatment algorithms has been associated with improved clinical outcomes and should be encouraged. […] Because all available treatments have shortcomings, clinicians sometimes use combination therapy (e.g., provider-administered cryotherapy with patient-applied topical therapy between visits to the provider).

• #62 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection – STI Treatment Guidelines

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/anogenital-warts.htm

  Treatment regimens are classified as either patient-applied or provider-administered modalities. […] Follow-up visits after weeks of therapy enable providers to answer any questions about use of the medication, address any side effects experienced, and facilitate assessment of the response to treatment. […] Recommended Regimens for External Anogenital Warts (i.e., Penis, Groin, Scrotum, Vulva, Perineum, External Anus, or Perianus) […] Patient-applied: Imiquimod 3.75% or 5% cream […] OR […] Podofilox 0.5% solution or gel […] OR […] Sinecatechins 15% ointment […] Provider-administered: Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen or cryoprobe […] OR […] Surgical removal by tangential scissor excision, tangential shave excision, curettage, laser, or electrosurgery […] OR […] Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) or bichloroacetic acid (BCA) 80%90% solution.

• #63 Genital warts – prevention and treatment | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/genital-warts

  Genital warts can be removed with creams, cryotherapy or laser, but treatment does not get rid of the virus itself, which usually goes away on its own within 2 years. […] Genital warts may be treated with: cream, wart paint, liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy), laser treatment, surgical removal. […] Treating your warts doesn’t cure the infection. Rather, treatments get rid of the warts you can see. […] For some people, the warts can go away on their own within 2 years. However if you have a weakened immune system, they may not go away. […] Treatments for other types of warts are not suitable for genital warts. See your doctor to discuss treatment options.

• #64 Genital Warts: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4209-genital-warts

  Treatment to remove genital warts doesn’t cure you from HPV. Even if you don’t have an active outbreak and your warts were removed, you can still spread HPV. […] Genital warts and HPV is lifelong. That means even with treatment to remove them, the warts may come back. […] Yes. There’s no cure for HPV, the virus that causes genital warts. As a result, you can get genital warts over and over again. […] Genital warts generally don’t cause any serious health complications. The strain of HPV that cause genital warts is low-risk. The HPV strains that cause cancer aren’t the same ones that cause genital warts. […] If you have an active outbreak of genital warts while pregnant, your hormone levels may cause the warts to bleed, get larger or multiply. […] The HPV vaccine can protect against certain types of HPV, including the ones that cause genital warts and certain cancers.

• #65 Genital Warts: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4209-genital-warts

  If you’re sexually active, you can take these steps to protect yourself from getting or spreading HPV, genital warts and other STIs: Use condoms or dental dams. Get the HPV vaccine. Get routine testing and any necessary treatment for STIs. […] Genital warts and HPV are common STIs. These types of warts, and the HPV types that cause them, don’t increase your risk for getting cancer. […] You should call your healthcare provider if you experience: Genital irritation or itching. Painful intercourse. Painful urination (dysuria). Unusual or foul-smelling penile or vaginal discharge. Vaginal or penile redness, soreness or swelling. […] If you have genital warts, you may want to ask your healthcare provider: What is the best treatment for me? Will warts come back after treatment? What’s the best way to avoid getting another STI? How can I protect my partner from getting HPV or genital warts? […] Almost all cases of genital warts are caused by HPV, which is a virus spread through sexual contact.

• #66 Genital Warts Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Consultations, Prevention

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/763014-treatment

  Initial cure rates are 63-91%. […] Carbon dioxide laser treatment is used for extensive or recurrent genital warts. […] Clearance rates are more than 90%, but reoccurrence can be up to 40%. […] With infrared coagulation, a beam of infrared light is delivered to the affected lesions, causing tissue coagulation and necrosis. […] Treatment is successful in about 80% of cases. […] Physician administered treatments include acid applications (bichloroacetic acid or trichloroacetic acid) and interferon injections with antiviral mechanisms. […] Medications for home use include imiquimod 5% cream, podofilox gel or solution, and antiproliferative compounds (5-fluorouracil). […] The 9-valent HPV vaccine (Gardasil 9 [9vHPV]) is available in the United States to decrease the risk of certain cancers and precancerous lesions in males and females.

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