Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Coccydynia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccydynia

  Coccydynia is a fairly common injury which can often result from falls, particularly in sports such as cycling, skateboarding, skating or ice hockey. Coccydynia is often reported following a fall or after childbirth. In some cases, persistent pressure from activities like bicycling may cause the onset of coccyx pain. Coccydynia due to these causes usually is not permanent, but it may become very persistent and chronic if not controlled. […] A study of 2000 cases of back pain referred to hospital found that 2.7% were diagnosed as coccydynia. This type of pain occurs five times more frequently in women than in men. It can occur at any age, the mean age of onset being around 40. There are no ethnicity or race associations with coccydynia.

• #1 Coccydynia | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org

  https://radiopaedia.org/articles/coccydynia?lang=us

  Coccydynia refers to pain in and among the area of the coccyx. It is characterized by coccygeal pain which is typically provocated by pressure. It may remain unclear in origin owing to the unpredictability of the source of pain. Most of patient presented with coccydynia had prior history of fall, particularly in sitting position. […] No accurate data about the frequency of coccydynia is reported, but one study found that coccydynia accounted for ~3% of all low back pain hospital presentations. It is ~5x more common in females than males.

• #1 Tailbone Pain Awareness: Shedding Light on a Commonly Overlooked Condition | Rutgers University

  https://www.rutgers.edu/news/tailbone-pain-awareness-shedding-light-commonly-overlooked-condition

  Thousands of people suffer with tailbone pain, often struggling to find an accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. […] Tailbone Pain Awareness Day, created by Patrick Foye, professor of physical medicine and rehabilitation at Rutgers New Jersey Medical School (NJMS), aims to change that by bringing awareness to this debilitating condition. […] One problem is that tailbone pain is dramatically less common than low back pain in the lumbar area. Tailbone pain is estimated to be thousands of times less common. […] Most of my patients travel here from out-of-state and, yes, about 40% fly in to see me. […] Rutgers NJMS is the only academic medical center in the nation with a dedicated Coccyx Pain Center, which I founded more than 20 years ago. […] The most common cause of tailbone pain is joint hypermobility, which results in excessive movement of the individual bones of the coccyx. […] At University Hospital in Newark, our Radiology Department does sitting-versus-standing X-rays of the coccyx to assess whether there is abnormal movement of the coccyx while the person is sitting. […] It is crucial for patients with tailbone pain to educate yourself and advocate for yourself.

• #1 Broken Tailbone Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care

  https://www.healthline.com/health/broken-tailbone

  According to 2020 research, there were about 120 cases of tailbone fractures per 100,000 people in 2018. Of those, roughly 33 occurred in males and the rest in females. These injuries were most common during puberty for males ages 10 to 14 years and menopause for females ages 50 to 54 years. […] Generally, a broken tailbone is more common in adults than children because children’s bones are more flexible. However, injuries to the coccyx can still happen in children because of children’s level of activity in sports and play. […] If you don’t get timely medical treatment, it’s possible for your tailbone pain to become chronic, which makes it harder to treat.

• #1 Coccyx Pain – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK563139/

  Coccydynia is five times more common in females than in males. […] Factors related to the high risk of developing coccydynia are female sex and obesity, as body mass index may affect how a person sits or the amount of weight placed upon the coccyx. […] Rapid weight loss has been reported to be a risk factor for coccydynia due to the loss of the cushioning effect of adipose in the buttock region.

• #1 Coccydynia (coccygodynia) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/coccydynia-coccygodynia

  Coccydynia (also referred to as coccygodynia or tailbone pain) is pain at the coccyx. Although coccydynia resolves in the majority of patients with supportive care, symptoms can persist for months or years and, in some patients, may become a life-long condition. Intractable coccydynia is relatively uncommon, but when it occurs it can dramatically decrease a patient’s quality of life. This topic will provide an overview of coccydynia, including diagnosis and management. […] The prevalence of coccydynia is unknown. It most commonly occurs in adolescents and adults, although children are sometimes affected. Coccydynia is generally considered to be far less common than lumbosacral low back pain. […] Coccydynia is five times more prevalent in women than men. The higher prevalence is thought to be due to injuries that occur during childbirth as well as the coccyx being located more posteriorly in women and thus more susceptible to external trauma.

• #1 Coccyx Pain | with Dr Angela James FACP | Sydney Pelvic Clinic

  https://www.sydneypelvicclinic.com.au/coccyx-pain/

  The exact incidence of coccyx pain is not well known. Unlike other musculoskeletal pain conditions, such as back or neck pain, the tailbone has received little interest in the way of research. […] However, the known risk factors for coccyx pain include: Obesity, Being female: females are 5 x more likely to suffer with coccyx pain, Rapid weight loss due to the loss of cushioning around the coccyx, Increased anterior angulation or flexion of coccyx, Reduced inter-coccygeal joints, Excessive sitting in poor postures, Vaginal delivery. […] The musculoskeletal presentation of coccyx pain explained in this article is by far the most common type of coccyx pain. This type of coccyx pain is well managed with pelvic Physiotherapy. […] However there are some addition medical causes of coccyx pain that need to be considered such as: Pilonidal cyst: an abscess containing pus and usually containing hairs, Tarlov cysts or perineural cysts: fluid-filled nerve root cysts found most commonly at the sacral level of the spine, Masses, Lower sacral radicular pain, Coccygeal spicule.

• #1 Tailbone Injury During Birth | Find Out If You Are At Risk

  https://www.childbirthinjuries.com/blog/tailbone-injury-during-birth/

  Breaking the tailbone during birth is rare, with bruising being more common and often the cause of postpartum tailbone pain. […] In general, women are 5 times more likely to experience tailbone pain than men, according to research published in the Ochsner Journal. […] Tailbone injury during childbirth is more likely to occur in long or difficult labor, especially when forceps or vacuum delivery are needed to remove the baby from the birth canal. […] In a study of 57 women with tailbone pain after childbirth, 50.8% of cases were caused by forceps delivery complications. […] These complications are also known to be some of the more common causes of birth injuries. […] Unfortunately, too many mothers face severe complications during childbirth. Women who have experienced tailbone injuries may be victims of medical negligence if the delivery team used excessive force during delivery. […] Additionally, difficult deliveries can put babies at increased risk of serious birth injuries.

• #1 Coccyx Pain: Practice Essentials, Anatomy, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/309486-overview

  Coccydynia is considered to be relatively uncommon, but data are lacking on the exact incidence and prevalence of the condition. […] Coccydynia is seen in males and females; however, women seem to be affected more frequently than men. […] Coccydynia can occur in children and adults. Degenerative changes of the sacrococcygeal junction and the intracoccygeal junctions, as well as fusion at these sites, seem to increase with age.

• #1

  https://jhrlmc.com/index.php/home/article/view/370

  Coccydynia, characterized by pain around the coccyx, is a common issue among wheelchair users due to prolonged sitting. […] This study aimed to determine the prevalence of coccydynia among wheelchair users and identify key risk factors such as sitting duration, gender, and cushion use. […] Coccydynia was prevalent in 76% of participants, with 72.4% reporting tenderness. […] Coccydynia is prevalent among wheelchair users, driven by prolonged sitting and lack of ergonomic support.

• #1

  https://www.thetherapist.com.pk/index.php/tt/article/view/204

  Coccydynia is a condition in which pain is experienced around the tailbone or coccyx region. The prevalence of coccydynia is unknown in the general population but it is more common in females than males. […] The occurrence of coccydynia was found in the majority of the healthcare professionals of Karachi while the complaints of pain were found in the moderate category.

• #1 A Pain in the Tail…bone (Part 1- What is it? How does it happen? How does it feel?) — Southern Pelvic Health Physical Therapy

  https://www.southernpelvichealth.com/blog/a-pain-in-the-tailbone-part-1-what-is-it-how-does-it-happen-how-does-it-feel

  Coccydynia translated means „pain in the coccyx,” and that is how coccydynia is defined. Most people with coccydynia will complain of pain in sitting (especially on hard surfaces), pain in standing for a long period, and pain when moving from sitting to standing or from standing to sitting. […] The prevalence is actually unknown. Some literature state that it is „uncommon,” but I don’t really think that’s true. I think it’s likely under-reported (as are many things in the pelvis), and I believe the lack of understanding on treatment options contributes to this. Coccydynia seems to affect women more than men (5x more approximately!) and is more common in people with obesity. […] Coccyx pain is typically divided into two categories– traumatic and non-traumatic. Traumatic coccydynia typically occurs either with a backwards fall on the bottom or during childbirth. In these cases, the coccyx can become bruised, dislocated or even fractured. Nontraumatic coccydynia can occur due to prolonged or repetitive sitting on a hard surface (microtrauma), hypomobility or hypermobility of the coccyx (basically, the tailbone isn’t moving properly), degenerative joint or disc disease, and other variations in the structure of the coccyx.

• #1 Coccydynia (AKA Tailbone Pain): What Causes it? How Do I Get better?

  https://www.desertspineandsports.com/coccydynia-aka-tailbone-pain-what-causes-it-how-do-i-get-better/

  Tailbone pain, also called coccydynia or coccygodynia, is pain associated with the coccyx the small triangular shaped bone at the bottom of the spinal column just below the sacrum. […] Although the exact prevalence of coccydynia is unknown, tailbone pain is often encountered in the clinical setting and can be debilitating when severe. Risk factors for developing coccydynia include female sex and obesity. Coccydynia is five times more common in females than in males. […] The most common cause of coccydynia is direct external trauma to the tailbone. This can occur from a fall onto the buttocks causing the coccyx to be bruised, broken, or dislocated. […] Other rare but serious causes of tailbone pain include infection and malignancy of the coccyx itself or surrounding tissues. […] While many cases resolve with little or no medical treatment, coccydynia can become chronic and may be associated with severe and disabling pain.

• #1 A Pain in the Tail…bone (Part 1- What is it? How does it happen? How does it feel?) — Southern Pelvic Health Physical Therapy

  https://www.southernpelvichealth.com/blog/a-pain-in-the-tailbone-part-1-what-is-it-how-does-it-happen-how-does-it-feel

  As I said previously, coccydynia refers to pain in the coccyx, so the best way to diagnose coccyx pain is with a thorough history of the pain and an exam involving touching the coccyx to determine if it is uncomfortable to the person. […] It is important to note that tailbone pain can be radicular in nature, meaning that nerves in the area are contributing to the symptoms or it can be „referred pain” meaning that it is coming from a different structure. […] Examination with a physician typically will include a subjective history, physical exam and may also include some type of diagnostic imaging (x-ray, MRI). Typically, when a person comes into my office seeking physical therapy for coccydynia or tailbone pain, my initial assessment includes a comprehensive history to understand what the person believes is causing the pain, what makes pain better/worse, obstetric history, bladder/bowel history and symptoms, sexual history and symptoms.

• #1 Chronic Tailbone Pain – Klarity Health Library

  https://my.klarity.health/chronic-tailbone-pain/

  Chronic tailbone pain is medically referred to as coccydynia. Coccydynia accounts for approximately 1% to 3% of low back pain cases. It affects both men and women, though it is more commonly observed in females arising in mid-age. Higher body mass index (BMI), trauma, and sudden weight loss have been identified as risk factors for the disease. Chronic tailbone pain can occur in people of various ages. […] Patient history is collected, followed by a physical examination of the skin over the sacral, coccyx, and perianal regions to initiate the diagnosis. After conducting thorough diagnostic tests such as X-rays, CT scans or MRI, patients are categorised to receive the most appropriate treatment method.

• #1 Coccyx Disorders – Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/musculoskeletal-and-connective-tissue-disorders/coccyx-disorders/coccyx-disorders

  However, if the pain is more severe or prolonged (eg, lasting more than 2 weeks), or the etiology is unclear, then imaging studies are recommended. […] Standard imaging studies, including radiographs, MRI, CT, and bone scan, may be done of the coccyx, but because of the location of the coccyx in relation to other nearby structures, slight alterations of technique from standard „pelvic” or „lumbosacral” studies are needed. […] Advanced imaging studies of the coccyx include MRI and CT scans. […] Nuclear bone scans may be useful in the small percentage of coccydynia patients in whom bony destruction from cancer or osteomyelitis is suspected. […] Treatment of coccydynia typically involves a stepwise approach, starting with simple and noninvasive options. […] Consultation with a specialist in evaluating and treating coccygeal pain may be helpful for clinicians who are not familiar with the details of diagnosis and treatment of coccydynia, especially if the clinician is not able to identify an anatomic cause for the pain or simple therapeutic measures have not provided adequate relief.

• #1 Tailbone Pain (Coccydynia): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10436-coccydynia-tailbone-pain

  Tailbone pain is common. Its five times more likely to occur in females than males. Adolescents and adults get it more often than children. […] Tailbone pain usually goes away on its own in a few days with the help of home remedies and a little bit of patience. It can take a little longer for more severe injuries. […] But if you have tailbone pain that doesnt go away (chronic coccydynia), your healthcare provider can do an exam to determine why.

• #1

  https://www.spinecentre.com.hk/en/conditions/coccyx-pain/

  The incidence of coccyx or tailbone pain is five times higher in women than in men. […] Persistent coccyx / tailbone pain can significantly impact a persons daily life. […] If you have sustained an injury to the tailbone or have been suffering from coccyx / tailbone pain for a long time, you should see a chiropractor as soon as possible.

• #1 Tailbone Pain (Coccydynia) | Coccyx Injection Abu Dhabi

  https://www.orthoclinic.ae/coccydynia-tailbone-pain/

  Coccydynia (Tailbone Pain) Any kind of persistent tailbone discomfort is referred to as coccydynia. The coccyx is the medical name for the tailbone, which lies at the bottom of the spine. The most common symptom of coccydynia is a localized pain that usually gets worse when you sit down or when you do anything that puts pressure on the lower back. Women are substantially more likely than men to have the condition. It is usually caused by trauma to the tailbone or surrounding area, such as a backward fall or childbirth. On rare occasions, an infection or tumor also cause pain in the coccyx. The majority of coccydynia cases (around 90%) are treated without surgery, and coccyx pain will often get better with no treatment at all. Physiotherapy and coccyx injections may be recommended if symptoms do not improve. […] If steroid injections are ineffective, a coccygectomy (surgical removal of the coccyx) may be advised. The latter is reserved for severe cases in which all conservative pain management treatments have failed to control the pain.

• #1 Coccydynia – Surgical Coccygectomy – Spine and Brain

  https://spineandbrain.co.uk/coccydynia-surgical-coccygectomy/

  Studies have shown that woman are five times more likely than men to develop the condition. […] The British Spine Registry aims to collect information about spinal surgery across the UK. This will help us to find out which spinal operations are the most effective and in which patients they work best. This should improve patient care in the future. […] Your personal data is very important, as this will allow us to link details of your diagnosis and surgery with any problems or complications after surgery.

• #1 Coccydynia : Tailbone Pain – EM consulte

  https://www.em-consulte.com/article/1189150/coccydynia-tailbone-pain

  Coccyx (tailbone) pain substantially decreases the quality of life for patients who suffer with this condition. […] Epidemiology […] Coccyx Fractures […] Coccyx Dislocations […] Coccygeal Dynamic Instability […] Distal Coccyx Bone Spurs […] Abnormal Backward Position of Coccygeal Bones […] Abnormally Excessive Forward Flexion of the Coccygeal Bones […] Coccygeal Arthritis […] Sympathetic Nervous System Pain […] Pelvic Floor Dysfunction […] Cancer […] Osteomyelitis

• #2 Coccyx Pain: Practice Essentials, Anatomy, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/309486-overview

  Coccydynia is considered to be relatively uncommon, but data are lacking on the exact incidence and prevalence of the condition. […] Coccydynia is seen in males and females; however, women seem to be affected more frequently than men. […] Coccydynia can occur in children and adults. Degenerative changes of the sacrococcygeal junction and the intracoccygeal junctions, as well as fusion at these sites, seem to increase with age.

• #2 Chronic Tailbone Pain – Klarity Health Library

  https://my.klarity.health/chronic-tailbone-pain/

  Chronic tailbone pain is medically referred to as coccydynia. Coccydynia accounts for approximately 1% to 3% of low back pain cases. It affects both men and women, though it is more commonly observed in females arising in mid-age. Higher body mass index (BMI), trauma, and sudden weight loss have been identified as risk factors for the disease. Chronic tailbone pain can occur in people of various ages. […] Patient history is collected, followed by a physical examination of the skin over the sacral, coccyx, and perianal regions to initiate the diagnosis. After conducting thorough diagnostic tests such as X-rays, CT scans or MRI, patients are categorised to receive the most appropriate treatment method.

• #2 Coccydynia: An Overview of the Anatomy, Etiology, and Treatment of Coccyx Pain

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3963058/

  Despite its small size, the coccyx has several important functions. […] The incidence of coccydynia (pain in the region of the coccyx) has not been reported, but factors associated with increased risk of developing coccydynia include obesity and female gender. […] The exact incidence of coccydynia has not been reported; however, factors associated with increased risk of developing coccydynia include obesity and female gender. Women are 5 times more likely to develop coccydynia than men.

• #2 Coccyx Disorders – Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/musculoskeletal-and-connective-tissue-disorders/coccyx-disorders/coccyx-disorders

  Coccyx disorders almost always manifest as pain in the coccyx (coccydynia, coccygodynia). […] While the exact incidence of coccydynia is not known, it is generally recognized to be far less common than low back pain in the lumbar region. Coccydynia is more common in females than in males, possibly due to sex differences in the shape and angles of the bony pelvis. […] A common consequence is dynamic instability of the coccyx (excessive movement at the coccygeal joints during weight-bearing while sitting). […] Coccygeal cancers are rare causes of coccygeal pain. […] Coccygeal infection is rare, but can include osteomyelitis of the coccygeal vertebral bodies after sacrococcygeal pressure ulcers. […] Typically, history and physical examination allow distinction between a coccygeal and non-coccygeal disorder.

• #2 Tailbone Injury During Birth | Find Out If You Are At Risk

  https://www.childbirthinjuries.com/blog/tailbone-injury-during-birth/

  Breaking the tailbone during birth is rare, with bruising being more common and often the cause of postpartum tailbone pain. […] In general, women are 5 times more likely to experience tailbone pain than men, according to research published in the Ochsner Journal. […] Tailbone injury during childbirth is more likely to occur in long or difficult labor, especially when forceps or vacuum delivery are needed to remove the baby from the birth canal. […] In a study of 57 women with tailbone pain after childbirth, 50.8% of cases were caused by forceps delivery complications. […] These complications are also known to be some of the more common causes of birth injuries. […] Unfortunately, too many mothers face severe complications during childbirth. Women who have experienced tailbone injuries may be victims of medical negligence if the delivery team used excessive force during delivery. […] Additionally, difficult deliveries can put babies at increased risk of serious birth injuries.

• #2 Coccydynia (AKA Tailbone Pain): What Causes it? How Do I Get better?

  https://www.desertspineandsports.com/coccydynia-aka-tailbone-pain-what-causes-it-how-do-i-get-better/

  Tailbone pain, also called coccydynia or coccygodynia, is pain associated with the coccyx the small triangular shaped bone at the bottom of the spinal column just below the sacrum. […] Although the exact prevalence of coccydynia is unknown, tailbone pain is often encountered in the clinical setting and can be debilitating when severe. Risk factors for developing coccydynia include female sex and obesity. Coccydynia is five times more common in females than in males. […] The most common cause of coccydynia is direct external trauma to the tailbone. This can occur from a fall onto the buttocks causing the coccyx to be bruised, broken, or dislocated. […] Other rare but serious causes of tailbone pain include infection and malignancy of the coccyx itself or surrounding tissues. […] While many cases resolve with little or no medical treatment, coccydynia can become chronic and may be associated with severe and disabling pain.

• #2 Coccyx Pain | with Dr Angela James FACP | Sydney Pelvic Clinic

  https://www.sydneypelvicclinic.com.au/coccyx-pain/

  The exact incidence of coccyx pain is not well known. Unlike other musculoskeletal pain conditions, such as back or neck pain, the tailbone has received little interest in the way of research. […] However, the known risk factors for coccyx pain include: Obesity, Being female: females are 5 x more likely to suffer with coccyx pain, Rapid weight loss due to the loss of cushioning around the coccyx, Increased anterior angulation or flexion of coccyx, Reduced inter-coccygeal joints, Excessive sitting in poor postures, Vaginal delivery. […] The musculoskeletal presentation of coccyx pain explained in this article is by far the most common type of coccyx pain. This type of coccyx pain is well managed with pelvic Physiotherapy. […] However there are some addition medical causes of coccyx pain that need to be considered such as: Pilonidal cyst: an abscess containing pus and usually containing hairs, Tarlov cysts or perineural cysts: fluid-filled nerve root cysts found most commonly at the sacral level of the spine, Masses, Lower sacral radicular pain, Coccygeal spicule.

• #2

  https://jhrlmc.com/index.php/home/article/view/370

  Coccydynia, characterized by pain around the coccyx, is a common issue among wheelchair users due to prolonged sitting. […] This study aimed to determine the prevalence of coccydynia among wheelchair users and identify key risk factors such as sitting duration, gender, and cushion use. […] Coccydynia was prevalent in 76% of participants, with 72.4% reporting tenderness. […] Coccydynia is prevalent among wheelchair users, driven by prolonged sitting and lack of ergonomic support.

• #2 Coccyx Pain (Tailbone Pain) – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/joint-muscle-and-bone/coccyx-pain-tailbone-pain/

  Coccydynia, or tailbone pain, is more likely to develop in certain groups of people, with different factors contributing to the increased risk. These factors include being female, being overweight, or losing weight quickly. For overweight individuals, the increased body mass can add extra weight on the tailbone when sitting. Additionally, rapid weight loss could remove the natural padding provided by body fat in the buttocks, increasing the likelihood of tailbone pain. Conditions like osteoarthritis and osteomyelitis, as well as participation in contact sports, have also been identified as other risk factors. […] Coccydynia is more common in women, with five times as many cases as men. […] Coccyx pain (tailbone pain) is more common in women, with five times as many cases as men.

• #2 A Pain in the Tail…bone (Part 1- What is it? How does it happen? How does it feel?) — Southern Pelvic Health Physical Therapy

  https://www.southernpelvichealth.com/blog/a-pain-in-the-tailbone-part-1-what-is-it-how-does-it-happen-how-does-it-feel

  Coccydynia translated means „pain in the coccyx,” and that is how coccydynia is defined. Most people with coccydynia will complain of pain in sitting (especially on hard surfaces), pain in standing for a long period, and pain when moving from sitting to standing or from standing to sitting. […] The prevalence is actually unknown. Some literature state that it is „uncommon,” but I don’t really think that’s true. I think it’s likely under-reported (as are many things in the pelvis), and I believe the lack of understanding on treatment options contributes to this. Coccydynia seems to affect women more than men (5x more approximately!) and is more common in people with obesity. […] Coccyx pain is typically divided into two categories– traumatic and non-traumatic. Traumatic coccydynia typically occurs either with a backwards fall on the bottom or during childbirth. In these cases, the coccyx can become bruised, dislocated or even fractured. Nontraumatic coccydynia can occur due to prolonged or repetitive sitting on a hard surface (microtrauma), hypomobility or hypermobility of the coccyx (basically, the tailbone isn’t moving properly), degenerative joint or disc disease, and other variations in the structure of the coccyx.

• #2 Tailbone Pain Awareness: Shedding Light on a Commonly Overlooked Condition | Rutgers University

  https://www.rutgers.edu/news/tailbone-pain-awareness-shedding-light-commonly-overlooked-condition

  Thousands of people suffer with tailbone pain, often struggling to find an accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. […] Tailbone Pain Awareness Day, created by Patrick Foye, professor of physical medicine and rehabilitation at Rutgers New Jersey Medical School (NJMS), aims to change that by bringing awareness to this debilitating condition. […] One problem is that tailbone pain is dramatically less common than low back pain in the lumbar area. Tailbone pain is estimated to be thousands of times less common. […] Most of my patients travel here from out-of-state and, yes, about 40% fly in to see me. […] Rutgers NJMS is the only academic medical center in the nation with a dedicated Coccyx Pain Center, which I founded more than 20 years ago. […] The most common cause of tailbone pain is joint hypermobility, which results in excessive movement of the individual bones of the coccyx. […] At University Hospital in Newark, our Radiology Department does sitting-versus-standing X-rays of the coccyx to assess whether there is abnormal movement of the coccyx while the person is sitting. […] It is crucial for patients with tailbone pain to educate yourself and advocate for yourself.

• #2 Will Exercises Aggravate Coccyx Pain? | livestrong

  https://www.livestrong.com/article/384230-will-exercises-aggravate-coccyx-pain/

  Women are five times more likely to experience tailbone pain compared to men, explains a March 2014 issue of the Ochsner Journal. This is because the location of the coccyx makes it susceptible to internal injury during childbirth. […] Some people experience nontraumatic pain in the coccyx due to degenerative joint or disc disease. Hypermobility (excessive flexibility) or hypomobility (limited mobility) of the sacroiliac joint, as well as infections, may also cause your coccyx to hurt, explains a July-August 2015 review in the publication Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia. […] The U.S. National Library of Medicine explains that pain in your coccyx may show up as: Pain in the lower back, Pain or loss of feeling with sitting, Bruising or swelling along the base of your spine, Pain or tenderness on top of the buttocks area.

• #2 Coccyx Disorders – Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/musculoskeletal-and-connective-tissue-disorders/coccyx-disorders/coccyx-disorders

  However, if the pain is more severe or prolonged (eg, lasting more than 2 weeks), or the etiology is unclear, then imaging studies are recommended. […] Standard imaging studies, including radiographs, MRI, CT, and bone scan, may be done of the coccyx, but because of the location of the coccyx in relation to other nearby structures, slight alterations of technique from standard „pelvic” or „lumbosacral” studies are needed. […] Advanced imaging studies of the coccyx include MRI and CT scans. […] Nuclear bone scans may be useful in the small percentage of coccydynia patients in whom bony destruction from cancer or osteomyelitis is suspected. […] Treatment of coccydynia typically involves a stepwise approach, starting with simple and noninvasive options. […] Consultation with a specialist in evaluating and treating coccygeal pain may be helpful for clinicians who are not familiar with the details of diagnosis and treatment of coccydynia, especially if the clinician is not able to identify an anatomic cause for the pain or simple therapeutic measures have not provided adequate relief.

• #2 Coccyx Injection NYC | Coccygeal Injection for Tailbone Pain

  https://www.downtownpainphysicians.com/coccyx-injection/

  Chronic coccyx pain, otherwise known as tailbone pain, coccydynia, or coccygodynia can make it difficult to walk, stand, and even sit. […] One of the most common treatments for coccyx pain is a coccyx injection or a coccygeal injection. […] Anyone who experiences significant pain in their tailbone region or even their low back might be a good candidate for a coccyx injection, but not as a first course of care. […] Coccyx injections offer significant relief to most people who are suffering from chronic low back and/or pain in the tailbone region. […] Coccyx injections, like all corticosteroid injections, are not permanent solutions and repeated use can cause thinning of the tissues in that area. […] There are very few side effects when corticosteroids are administered with a coccyx injection.

• #3 Coccydynia: Quick Review

  https://www.longdom.org/open-access/coccydynia-quick-review-54395.html

  Coccydynia constitutes less than 1% of non-traumatic consultations of ailments of the spine. […] It has been found mainly in women between 30 and 50 years old due to falls in a sitting position. […] This pathology has a 5 to 1 relationship between women and men.

• #3 Coccydynia (coccygodynia) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/coccydynia-coccygodynia

  Coccydynia (also referred to as coccygodynia or tailbone pain) is pain at the coccyx. Although coccydynia resolves in the majority of patients with supportive care, symptoms can persist for months or years and, in some patients, may become a life-long condition. Intractable coccydynia is relatively uncommon, but when it occurs it can dramatically decrease a patient’s quality of life. This topic will provide an overview of coccydynia, including diagnosis and management. […] The prevalence of coccydynia is unknown. It most commonly occurs in adolescents and adults, although children are sometimes affected. Coccydynia is generally considered to be far less common than lumbosacral low back pain. […] Coccydynia is five times more prevalent in women than men. The higher prevalence is thought to be due to injuries that occur during childbirth as well as the coccyx being located more posteriorly in women and thus more susceptible to external trauma.

• #3 Coccydynia (AKA Tailbone Pain): What Causes it? How Do I Get better?

  https://www.desertspineandsports.com/coccydynia-aka-tailbone-pain-what-causes-it-how-do-i-get-better/

  Tailbone pain, also called coccydynia or coccygodynia, is pain associated with the coccyx the small triangular shaped bone at the bottom of the spinal column just below the sacrum. […] Although the exact prevalence of coccydynia is unknown, tailbone pain is often encountered in the clinical setting and can be debilitating when severe. Risk factors for developing coccydynia include female sex and obesity. Coccydynia is five times more common in females than in males. […] The most common cause of coccydynia is direct external trauma to the tailbone. This can occur from a fall onto the buttocks causing the coccyx to be bruised, broken, or dislocated. […] Other rare but serious causes of tailbone pain include infection and malignancy of the coccyx itself or surrounding tissues. […] While many cases resolve with little or no medical treatment, coccydynia can become chronic and may be associated with severe and disabling pain.

• #3 Coccyx Pain (Tailbone Pain) – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/joint-muscle-and-bone/coccyx-pain-tailbone-pain/

  Coccydynia, or tailbone pain, is more likely to develop in certain groups of people, with different factors contributing to the increased risk. These factors include being female, being overweight, or losing weight quickly. For overweight individuals, the increased body mass can add extra weight on the tailbone when sitting. Additionally, rapid weight loss could remove the natural padding provided by body fat in the buttocks, increasing the likelihood of tailbone pain. Conditions like osteoarthritis and osteomyelitis, as well as participation in contact sports, have also been identified as other risk factors. […] Coccydynia is more common in women, with five times as many cases as men. […] Coccyx pain (tailbone pain) is more common in women, with five times as many cases as men.

• #3

  https://healthmatch.io/colon-cancer/tailbone-pain-cancer-symptoms

  Cancer or a tumor in your rectum or colon can cause tailbone pain. […] Several regional cancers, such as prostate, cervix, uterus, ovaries, or colon, can cause coccydynia, as they can cause referred pain. […] Colon cancer, more commonly referred to under the umbrella of colorectal cancer, is a type of cancer that starts in your large intestine. […] A report from the American Cancer Society shows that an estimated 1 in 25 women and 1 in 23 men will develop colorectal cancer during their lifetime. […] In extremely rare cases, the tailbone pain can be related to prostate cancer due to metastatic invasion of the coccyx or referred pain. […] Tailbone cancer is rare and accounts for only 3% of all bone tumors (though it should be noted that not all cancers are tumors).

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