Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Coccydynia: An Overview of the Anatomy, Etiology, and Treatment of Coccyx Pain

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3963058/

  Despite its small size, the coccyx has several important functions. […] The incidence of coccydynia (pain in the region of the coccyx) has not been reported, but factors associated with increased risk of developing coccydynia include obesity and female gender. […] The most common etiology of coccydynia is external or internal trauma. External trauma usually occurs due to a backwards fall, leading to a bruised, dislocated, or broken coccyx. […] Nontraumatic coccydynia can result from a number of causes, including degenerative joint or disc disease, hypermobility or hypomobility of the sacrococcygeal joint, infectious etiology, and variants of coccygeal morphology. […] Coccydynia can also be associated with nonorganic causes, such as somatization disorder and other psychological disorders.

• #1 Tailbone Pain (Coccydynia): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10436-coccydynia-tailbone-pain

  Tailbone pain can occur if you bruise your tailbone (located just below your sacrum) during a fall or other trauma. You can get tailbone pain after a fall or another type of trauma. Soreness often increases when you sit down. […] Coccydynia is the medical term for tailbone pain (coccyx = tailbone, dynia = pain). […] There are many reasons why you might develop tailbone pain. Possible tailbone pain causes include: Falls. A bad fall can bruise, break (fracture) or dislocate your tailbone. Repetitive strain injuries (RSI). Sports like bicycling and rowing require you to lean back and forth. Too much of that repeated motion can strain the tissues around your tailbone. Pregnancy or childbirth. During the third trimester of pregnancy, your body secretes hormones that soften the area between your tailbone and sacrum (the part of your pelvis just above your tailbone). This gives your tailbone more flexibility during childbirth. Its a natural process. But in some cases, this can stretch the muscles and ligaments around your tailbone too far, causing additional pain. The strain on these soft tissues keeps them from supporting your tailbone at the correct angle. Carrying extra weight. Extra weight places additional pressure on your tailbone. This can make your tailbone lean backwards, resulting in pain. Not carrying enough weight. Less fat means less cushioning in your butt. Without this cushion, your tailbone may rub against your muscles, ligaments and tendons, causing inflammation. Prolonged sitting. Sitting for long periods of time can place excess pressure on your tailbone, especially if you sit on hard surfaces.

• #1 Tailbone Pain (Coccydynia): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10436-coccydynia-tailbone-pain

  In very rare cases, tailbone pain may be a sign of cancer near your coccyx or metastatic cancer thats spread to your bones. This is very uncommon. Cancers most likely to cause tailbone pain include: Chordoma. Prostate cancer. Colorectal (colon) cancer. […] Tailbone pain treatment depends on the cause and the severity of your discomfort. Home remedies might be all you need. But if home remedies dont work, your provider may recommend nonsurgical or surgical treatments. […] You cant always prevent tailbone pain because it often occurs after accidents or as a symptom of an underlying condition. You might be able to reduce your risk if you: Avoid sitting for long periods of time, especially on hard surfaces. Use caution when cycling or participating in other activities that could cause tailbone pain. […] Tailbone pain usually goes away on its own in a few days with the help of home remedies and a little bit of patience. It can take a little longer for more severe injuries.

• #1 Tailbone pain: Causes, diagnosis, and relief

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318064

  Tailbone pain or pain in the coccyx may occur suddenly after an obvious injury. It can also appear over time, with no apparent cause. Doctors may call it coccydynia. […] A wide range of health issues can cause tailbone pain. […] Sources of tailbone pain include, but are not limited to, the following: Physical damage to the coccyx or the tissue surrounding it is the most common cause of tailbone pain. Falls, knocks, and trauma experienced in childbirth can all cause coccyx injuries. […] As the cartilage in the spine wears down, vertebrae may rub against each other, causing pain. Changes in the spine can also place excess pressure on the coccyx. […] Damage to a person’s pelvic floor muscles can lead to localized discomfort. […] An infection of the spine or the tissue surrounding it can lead to pain in the tailbone region.

• #1 Tail Bone Pain (Coccygodynia) Symptoms and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/tail-bone-pain-296530

  Tailbone pain, technically called coccygodynia, can result from a fall or other trauma onto the very bottom part of your spine. Such trauma can bruise the periosteum (connective tissue that surrounds the bone), causing pain. Falls onto the tail bone can also fracture the bone, dislocate it (at the sacrococcygeal joint, which is the place where the coccyx and the sacrum come together,) or both. […] Problems with your coccyx bone that can result in coccygodynia may include injuries (including but not limited to falls, as discussed above), disc degeneration at your sacrococcygeal (defined above) and/or intercoccygeal joints (joints between the tiny bone pieces that together comprise the coccyx), bone spurs at the coccyx (called coccygeal spicule), infection in the bone (called osteomyelitis) or a tumor on the bone. […] Childbirth is another possible cause of coccygodynia (in the mother). […] Finally, your coccygodynia maybe be a case of „cause unknown.” A 2012 review of studies states that 30% of coccygodynia is idiopathic; in other words, the reason for the tail bone pain could not be found.

• #1 Coccyx Pain – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK563139/

  Coccyx pain is known by multiple synonyms, including coccydynia, coccygodynia, and tailbone pain. There are many causes of coccygeal pain, ranging from musculoskeletal injuries to infections and fatal malignancies. […] Direct vertical trauma, repetitive microtrauma, and childbirth are common causes of coccyx pain. However, more serious underlying causes must be excluded, such as infections (including both soft tissue abscess and osteomyelitis) or malignancy (including chordoma, which has a high fatality rate). […] The outcome of direct vertical trauma to the coccyx can vary from contusion to fracture-dislocation of the coccyx. Traumatic or non-traumatic compromise of the coccygeal ligaments can result in coccygeal dynamic instability (excessive movement of the coccyx during weight-bearing or while sitting).

• #1 TWO Different Causes of Coccyx Pain (Tailbone Pain) in the Same Patient | Tailbone Doctor

  http://tailbonedoctor.com/two-different-causes-of-coccyx-pain-tailbone-pain-in-the-same-patient/

  Yes, it is certainly possible for patients to have more than one location of coccyx problem. […] For example, I frequently see patients who have both the most common cause of coccyx pain (hypermobility, diagnosed by sitting-versus-standing x-rays) and they may ALSO have the 2nd most common cause of coccyx pain, which is a bone spur at the distal/lowest tip of the coccyx. […] Or, some patients may have pain being caused by hypermobility or other abnormalities at TWO different joints within the coccyx, not just one joint. […] Or, a patient may have arthritis at the upper coccyx, and tables for at the lower coccyx. […] Other combinations are also possible.

• #2 Diagnosis of Coccydynia – Envision Radiology

  https://www.envrad.com/diagnosis-coccydynia/

  Prolonged or unsupported sitting: Sitting may contribute to tailbone pain, especially if you sit on a narrow or hard surface for extended durations. […] Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI): Activities that involve repetitive leaning and stretching of the spine like rowing and cycling can strain the soft tissues around the tailbone. […] Coccydynia most frequently affects adults and adolescents, obese individuals and women. Females are five times more likely to experience coccyx pain than males, especially with childbirth-related injuries being a significant factor.

• #2 Tailbone Pain (Coccydynia): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10436-coccydynia-tailbone-pain

  Tailbone pain can occur if you bruise your tailbone (located just below your sacrum) during a fall or other trauma. You can get tailbone pain after a fall or another type of trauma. Soreness often increases when you sit down. […] Coccydynia is the medical term for tailbone pain (coccyx = tailbone, dynia = pain). […] There are many reasons why you might develop tailbone pain. Possible tailbone pain causes include: Falls. A bad fall can bruise, break (fracture) or dislocate your tailbone. Repetitive strain injuries (RSI). Sports like bicycling and rowing require you to lean back and forth. Too much of that repeated motion can strain the tissues around your tailbone. Pregnancy or childbirth. During the third trimester of pregnancy, your body secretes hormones that soften the area between your tailbone and sacrum (the part of your pelvis just above your tailbone). This gives your tailbone more flexibility during childbirth. Its a natural process. But in some cases, this can stretch the muscles and ligaments around your tailbone too far, causing additional pain. The strain on these soft tissues keeps them from supporting your tailbone at the correct angle. Carrying extra weight. Extra weight places additional pressure on your tailbone. This can make your tailbone lean backwards, resulting in pain. Not carrying enough weight. Less fat means less cushioning in your butt. Without this cushion, your tailbone may rub against your muscles, ligaments and tendons, causing inflammation. Prolonged sitting. Sitting for long periods of time can place excess pressure on your tailbone, especially if you sit on hard surfaces.

• #2 Tailbone (coccyx) pain

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tailbone-coccyx-pain/

  Tailbone (coccyx) pain may improve after a few weeks, but it can sometimes last longer. […] Common causes of tailbone (coccyx) pain include: pregnancy and childbirth, an injury or accident, such as a fall onto your coccyx, repeated or prolonged strain on the coccyx for example, after sitting for a long time while driving or cycling, poor posture, being overweight or underweight, joint hypermobility (increased flexibility) of the joint that attaches the coccyx to the bottom of the spine. […] Sometimes the cause of tailbone pain is unknown.

• #2 Tailbone Pain: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/cancer/tailbone-pain-coccydynia

  During pregnancy, your body secretes hormones that soften the area between your tailbone and sacrum, and sometimes, this can stretch the muscles and ligaments around the tailbone so much that it causes pain. […] Childbirth is a well-known cause of coccydynia. Ligaments and muscles around the coccyx can get stretched and strained during delivery and cause pain. […] If you have hemorrhoids, the tissue that cushions and protects your anal opening gets inflamed and muscles pull on your coccyx. That can cause tailbone pain. […] Carrying too much weight puts extra pressure on your coccyx when you sit down, which can lead to tailbone pain. […] Tailbone pain may stem from chordoma, a rare, cancerous tumor that develops in your spine, the base of your skull, or your tailbone. […] Tailbone pain is sometimes related to prostate cancer, a common cancer in men. […] A tumor or cancer in your colon or rectum can cause tailbone pain. […] A pilonidal cyst is an abnormal pocket in the skin, typically near the tailbone at the top of the buttocks. It usually contains hair and skin debris. When a cyst gets infected, it causes swelling and pain.

• #2 Tailbone Pain: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment and Diagnosis

  https://www.apollohospitals.com/health-library/tailbone-pain-causes-symptoms-diagnosis-and-treatment/

  A womans body secretes hormones during the third trimester of pregnancy that softens the region between the sacrum and the coccyx. This enables the widening of the pelvic area to make childbirth easier. This also results in the coccyx moving as needed when giving birth. Although this is a normal bodily process, the movement may unnecessarily stretch the ligaments and muscles surrounding the coccyx, leading to more discomfort. […] The coccyx will undergo more pressure when you gain more weight. As a result, the coccyx may slant backward. This misalignment may lead to pain. […] A sufficient amount of fat is required in the buttocks to keep the coccyx from rubbing against the muscles, ligaments, and tendons. If you are underweight, soft tissues become inflamed from the friction. […] Coccyx pain can exacerbate if you sit for a more extended period daily. It happens mainly if youre seated on a hard or constrained surface.

• #2 Understanding the Causes of Tailbone Pain

  https://www.spine-health.com/blog/understanding-causes-tailbone-pain

  It is possible for degenerative arthritis (osteoarthritis) to develop in the joints of the coccyx due to wear and tear, resulting in tailbone pain. […] While rare, tumors or infections may affect the coccyx, causing pain. Chondroma, a malignant bone tumor has a tendency to occur in the coccygeal area. […] Hyperactivity of the pelvic floor muscles may also contribute to or increase tailbone pain.

• #2 Coccyx Pain – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK563139/

  Coccyxes of certain shapes are more predisposed to coccydynia than others. […] Abnormal coccygeal morphology or position predisposing to coccyx pain include abnormal scoliotic deformity (lateral deviation) or a coccyx that is excessively flexed or excessively extended. […] A distal coccyx bone spur (spicule) may cause pain when the skin is pinched beneath the spur during sitting. […] Idiopathic coccydynia is a 'diagnosis of exclusion’ after careful screening for identifiable causes.

• #2 Tailbone Pain (Coccydynia): Relief, Symptoms, Treatment, & Causes

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/tailbone_coccyx_injury/article_em.htm

  Trauma, infections, cysts, and tumors can cause tailbone pain. […] Injury to the coccyx is a very common cause of tailbone pain. Injury to the coccyx may lead to a bruise, fracture, or dislocation of the coccyx. […] Less common causes of coccyx pain include bone spurs, compression of nerve roots, localized infections, pilonidal cysts, and tumors. […] The cause of coccyx pain is largely determined based on a thorough medical history and a physical examination by a health care professional. […] Most coccyx injuries are accidental (such as a slip on ice) and therefore cannot be entirely avoided. […] The underlying cause of the coccyx pain (whether from trauma, tumor, or infection).

• #2 Coccydynia (AKA Tailbone Pain): What Causes it? How Do I Get better?

  https://www.desertspineandsports.com/coccydynia-aka-tailbone-pain-what-causes-it-how-do-i-get-better/

  Tailbone pain, also called coccydynia or coccygodynia, is pain associated with the coccyx the small triangular shaped bone at the bottom of the spinal column just below the sacrum. […] Risk factors for developing coccydynia include female sex and obesity. Coccydynia is five times more common in females than in males. […] The most common cause of coccydynia is direct external trauma to the tailbone. This can occur from a fall onto the buttocks causing the coccyx to be bruised, broken, or dislocated. […] Repetitive minor trauma, such as prolonged sitting with poor posture or sitting on hard or unsupportive surfaces can also increase the risk of developing tailbone pain. […] In addition, internal trauma associated with childbirth is another cause of coccydynia. Abnormal sacrococcygeal joint movement (both hyper- and hypomobility), osteoarthritis, and bone spurs can all result in coccygeal pain. […] Other rare but serious causes of tailbone pain include infection and malignancy of the coccyx itself or surrounding tissues.

• #2 Coccyx Disorders – Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/musculoskeletal-and-connective-tissue-disorders/coccyx-disorders/coccyx-disorders

  Coccyx disorders almost always manifest as pain in the coccyx (coccydynia, coccygodynia). There are numerous causes of coccygeal area pain. Many of these causes involve disorders of anatomic structures near the coccyx rather than the coccyx itself. Coccydynia (coccygodynia) refers to pain in and around the coccyx. […] The most common causes of coccyx disorders are musculoskeletal. These can be categorized as involving acute trauma and repetitive microtrauma. […] Acute trauma can involve external (from outside the pelvis) or internal (from inside the pelvis) physical force. […] External physical trauma includes falling and landing directly on to the coccyx, which can cause fracture, dislocation, ligamentous disruption, and joint instability. […] Internal physical trauma to the coccyx classically includes childbirth, in which passage of the neonate through the birth canal can injure the coccyx.

• #2 Tailbone Pain? What to Know About Coccyx Injuries and Recovery

  https://www.therapeuticassociates.com/tailbone-pain-what-to-know-about-coccyx-injuries-and-recovery/

  Sometimes, the cause is unknown […] Less common causes include bone spurs, compression of nerve roots, injuries to other parts of the spine, local infections, and tumors. […] Though coccydynia usually resolves over weeks to months with supportive care, it is sometimes protracted and debilitating.

• #3 Coccydynia (AKA Tailbone Pain): What Causes it? How Do I Get better?

  https://www.desertspineandsports.com/coccydynia-aka-tailbone-pain-what-causes-it-how-do-i-get-better/

  Tailbone pain, also called coccydynia or coccygodynia, is pain associated with the coccyx the small triangular shaped bone at the bottom of the spinal column just below the sacrum. […] Risk factors for developing coccydynia include female sex and obesity. Coccydynia is five times more common in females than in males. […] The most common cause of coccydynia is direct external trauma to the tailbone. This can occur from a fall onto the buttocks causing the coccyx to be bruised, broken, or dislocated. […] Repetitive minor trauma, such as prolonged sitting with poor posture or sitting on hard or unsupportive surfaces can also increase the risk of developing tailbone pain. […] In addition, internal trauma associated with childbirth is another cause of coccydynia. Abnormal sacrococcygeal joint movement (both hyper- and hypomobility), osteoarthritis, and bone spurs can all result in coccygeal pain. […] Other rare but serious causes of tailbone pain include infection and malignancy of the coccyx itself or surrounding tissues.

• #3 Coccydynia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coccydynia

  Coccydynia is a medical term meaning pain in the coccyx or tailbone area, often brought on by a fall onto the coccyx or by persistent irritation usually from sitting. […] The two main causes for this condition are sudden impact due to fall, and coccydynia caused by childbirth pressure in women. […] Coccydynia is a fairly common injury which can often result from falls, particularly in sports such as cycling, skateboarding, skating or ice hockey. […] Coccydynia is often reported following a fall or after childbirth. […] In some cases, persistent pressure from activities like bicycling may cause the onset of coccyx pain. […] Rarely, coccydynia is due to the undiagnosed presence of a sacrococcygeal teratoma or other tumor in the vicinity of the coccyx.

• #3 Understanding the Causes of Tailbone Pain

  https://www.spine-health.com/blog/understanding-causes-tailbone-pain

  Coccydynia, commonly called tailbone pain refers to persistent pain at the very bottom of your spine. You may develop this pain after direct trauma or spontaneously without a specific inciting factor. The pain typically lasts for weeks to months and can become debilitating. […] Coccyx pain can develop from direct trauma, repetitive injury, or degeneration of the joint(s) of the coccyx. Here are 5 possible causes of tailbone pain: […] Damage to the bony segments or ligaments of the coccyx may occur due to direct trauma to the buttocks, such as by slipping on ice or falling from the stairs and landing in a seated position. […] If this position changes due to anatomical variations, the tailbone can impinge on soft tissues, if placed more backward. […] Thickened or overgrown bone (bone spurs) near the tip of your tailbone can change its length and/or normal angulation.

• #3 Blog | Causes of Coccydynia (Tailbone Pain)

  https://www.precisionpaincarerehab.com/news-articles-pl409/blog/causes-of-coccydynia-tailbone-pain-41666.html

  During delivery, the baby’s head passes over the top of the coccyx, and the pressure against the coccyx can sometimes result in injury to the coccygeal structures (the disc, ligaments, and bones). While uncommon, the pressure can also cause a fracture in the coccyx. […] Rarely, coccydynia can be caused by a nearby tumor or infection that puts pressure on the coccyx. […] In rare cases, pain will be referred to the coccyx from elsewhere in the spine or pelvis, such as a lumbar herniated disc or degenerative lumbar disc. […] Pelvic rotation, including movement of the coccyx, is usually lessened in individuals who are overweight, leading to more continual stress being placed on the coccyx and increasing the chances of developing coccyx pain. […] Women have a higher chance of developing coccydynia than men, due to a wider pelvic angle as well as trauma to the coccyx endured during childbirth.

• #3 Tailbone Pain Causes | #1 Spine Center | Boca Raton Spine Center

  https://www.bocaratonspinecenter.com/tailbone-pain-causes/

  Coccyx bone spurs: A bone spur is an overgrown or thickened bone. If one develops in your tailbone, however, the length and angle can be changed. Bone spurs pinch the skin and tissues anytime you sit up or lean back. Furthermore, a great deal of pain with these movements. […] Coccygeal arthritis: Osteoarthritis can develop in the tailbone as a result of wear and tear and cause pain. […] Infections and tumors: Tumors or infections can develop in the coccyx, although rare. A malignant tumor known as chondroma is the most common in the coccygeal area. Although the most common bone infection is called Osteomyelitis in this area. Having a previous coccygeal surgery, sepsis, or an immunodeficiency increases your risk.

• #3 Coccydynia (Tailbone Pain) Causes

  https://www.spine-health.com/conditions/lower-back-pain/coccydynia-tailbone-pain-causes

  During childbirth, pressure from the baby’s head may cause injury to the coccygeal structures. […] Rarely, coccydynia can be caused by a nearby tumor or infection that puts pressure on the coccyx. […] In rare cases pain will be referred to the coccyx from elsewhere in the spine or pelvis, such as a lumbar herniated disc or degenerative lumbar disc. […] Overweight individuals may be more prone to developing coccygeal pain. […] Women have a higher chance of developing coccydynia than men, due to a wider pelvic angle as well as trauma to the coccyx endured during childbirth. […] Coccydynia is typically caused by the following underlying anatomical issues: Hypermobility, or too much movement of the coccyx, puts added stress on the joint between the sacrum and coccyx and on the coccyx itself. […] Limited mobility of the coccyx causes the tailbone to jut outward when sitting and can put increased pressure on the bones and the sacrococcygeal joint. […] In rare cases, part of the sacrococcygeal joint may become dislocated at the front or back of the tailbone, causing coccyx pain.

• #3 Tailbone Pain: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/cancer/tailbone-pain-coccydynia

  During pregnancy, your body secretes hormones that soften the area between your tailbone and sacrum, and sometimes, this can stretch the muscles and ligaments around the tailbone so much that it causes pain. […] Childbirth is a well-known cause of coccydynia. Ligaments and muscles around the coccyx can get stretched and strained during delivery and cause pain. […] If you have hemorrhoids, the tissue that cushions and protects your anal opening gets inflamed and muscles pull on your coccyx. That can cause tailbone pain. […] Carrying too much weight puts extra pressure on your coccyx when you sit down, which can lead to tailbone pain. […] Tailbone pain may stem from chordoma, a rare, cancerous tumor that develops in your spine, the base of your skull, or your tailbone. […] Tailbone pain is sometimes related to prostate cancer, a common cancer in men. […] A tumor or cancer in your colon or rectum can cause tailbone pain. […] A pilonidal cyst is an abnormal pocket in the skin, typically near the tailbone at the top of the buttocks. It usually contains hair and skin debris. When a cyst gets infected, it causes swelling and pain.

• #3 Coccyx Pain: Practice Essentials, Anatomy, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/309486-overview

  Coccyx pain (tailbone pain) can frustrate patients and significantly impair quality of life, but relief is possible. […] Coccyx pain can occur from local trauma or a tumor, but many cases are idiopathic, with no identifiable cause. […] Causes of coccyx pain include trauma, fractures, dislocations, and primary or metastatic malignancies. […] Sources of acute, abrupt trauma include internal trauma (eg, giving birth) and external trauma (eg, falling onto the coccyx). Nonabrupt trauma may include prolonged sitting. Tailbone pain may begin after certain medical procedures, such as colonoscopy. […] One risk factor for coccyx pain is aging; degenerative changes of the sacrococcygeal junction and the intracoccygeal junctions, as well as fusion at these sites, seem to increase with age. […] A gender-specific risk factor in females is trauma related to giving birth; substantial pressure may be placed on the coccyx as the baby descends through the mother’s pelvis.

• #3 Diagnosis of Coccydynia – Envision Radiology

  https://www.envrad.com/diagnosis-coccydynia/

  Prolonged or unsupported sitting: Sitting may contribute to tailbone pain, especially if you sit on a narrow or hard surface for extended durations. […] Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI): Activities that involve repetitive leaning and stretching of the spine like rowing and cycling can strain the soft tissues around the tailbone. […] Coccydynia most frequently affects adults and adolescents, obese individuals and women. Females are five times more likely to experience coccyx pain than males, especially with childbirth-related injuries being a significant factor.

• #3 Coccydynia (Tailbone pain)

  https://avicenna-klinik.com/en/spine-symptoms-disorders/coccydynia/

  Coccygodynia is often not taken seriously as a disease. […] In fact, coccyx pain is predominantly the result of falls on the buttocks – for example, from falling in sports accidents. […] However, a certain fatigue or permanent one-sided load can also cause the end of the spine to break. […] The most common reason for pain in the tailbone is sitting too long. […] Coccygodynia often results from falls on the buttocks, for example during sports or during everyday life. The second, although rare, cause of coccyx pain is one-sided stress and resulting fatigue of the tailbone. […] When we speak of inflammation of the coccyx, we are actually referring to inflammation of the periosteum of the coccyx.

• #4 Tailbone Pain Causes | #1 Spine Center | Boca Raton Spine Center

  https://www.bocaratonspinecenter.com/tailbone-pain-causes/

  Coccydynia is more commonly known as tailbone pain. This is characterized by persistent pain at the bottom of your spine. Tailbone pain can occur after a trauma. However, it can also happen spontaneously. The pain will often last for weeks or months. In many cases, it can be debilitating. […] Coccyx pain can be caused by direct trauma, degeneration, and repetitive injury. Below are the 5 most common reasons for tailbone pain. […] Anatomical changes in the coccyx: Your tailbone is normally slightly tilted forward. If this position ever changes because of anatomical variations, however, it can: Impinge on soft tissues, when placed more backward; Obstruct bowel movements if placed more forward; Obstruct childbirth when placed more forward. […] Coccyx bruising, dislocation, or fracture: Damage to the bony segments and ligaments occur from childbirth, as the coccyx is forced backward; Trauma such as slipping or falling and landing in a seated position. The risk of trauma increases with pregnancy and being overweight.

• #4 Tailbone Pain: Why You Might Have It and How to Treat It | HSS

  https://www.hss.edu/article_tailbone-pain.asp

  Falling backward onto a hard floor is a common way people hurt their tailbone. Because of its position at the very bottom of the spine, the tailbone can be very susceptible to injury, says Dr. Barsoum. And if the injury causes the tailbone to move out of position, it can cause pain not only in the moment, but also long term. […] Carrying extra weight puts pressure on the tailbone, throwing off body alignment. Carrying too little weight means theres less fat (aka cushioning) to absorb friction as the coccyx rubs against the surrounding tissues. […] As we age, we lose subcutaneous fat in the area, which can contribute to pain. Additionally, as we get older, the cartilage that helps hold the coccyx in place degrades, so the small bony segments fuse together more tightly. […] Sports like cycling and rowing, which cause you to lean forward for a long time, can cause the muscles at the base of the spine to misalign, as well as put extra pressure on the tailbone.

• #4 Info on the causes of coccyx pain, including Tailbone pain during pregnancy

  https://www.midwesttailbone.com/causes-of-pain/

  Accidental Falls Direct force on the tailbone may cause misalignment, sprain, or in rare cases, fracturing of the coccyx. A fall can also sprain the surrounding ligaments and strain the muscles. This can cause severe pain, which can last for many years if not properly treated. […] Childbirth As the baby passes through the birth canal, it comes in contact with the tailbone. It is possible to injure the tailbone in cases where the coccyx is tilted forward into the birth canal (from a past injury) or if the baby is larger in size. The position of the coccyx can decrease the diameter of the birth canal, which may cause difficult deliveries and lead to re-injury with subsequent pregnancies. For females, it is important to fix past coccyx injuries in order to reduce the chances of re-injury if they give birth again.

• #4 Tailbone pain: Causes, diagnosis, and relief

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318064

  Tailbone pain or pain in the coccyx may occur suddenly after an obvious injury. It can also appear over time, with no apparent cause. Doctors may call it coccydynia. […] A wide range of health issues can cause tailbone pain. […] Sources of tailbone pain include, but are not limited to, the following: Physical damage to the coccyx or the tissue surrounding it is the most common cause of tailbone pain. Falls, knocks, and trauma experienced in childbirth can all cause coccyx injuries. […] As the cartilage in the spine wears down, vertebrae may rub against each other, causing pain. Changes in the spine can also place excess pressure on the coccyx. […] Damage to a person’s pelvic floor muscles can lead to localized discomfort. […] An infection of the spine or the tissue surrounding it can lead to pain in the tailbone region.

• #4 Blog | Causes of Coccydynia (Tailbone Pain)

  https://www.precisionpaincarerehab.com/news-articles-pl409/blog/causes-of-coccydynia-tailbone-pain-41666.html

  Coccydynia is typically caused by the following underlying anatomical issues: Hypermobility, or too much movement of the coccyx, puts added stress on the joint between the sacrum and coccyx and on the coccyx itself. […] Limited mobility of the coccyx causes the tailbone to jut outward when sitting and can put increased pressure on the bones and the sacrococcygeal joint. […] In rare cases, part of the sacrococcygeal joint may become dislocated at the front or back of the tailbone, causing coccyx pain.

• #4 Understanding the Causes of Tailbone Pain

  https://www.spine-health.com/blog/understanding-causes-tailbone-pain

  It is possible for degenerative arthritis (osteoarthritis) to develop in the joints of the coccyx due to wear and tear, resulting in tailbone pain. […] While rare, tumors or infections may affect the coccyx, causing pain. Chondroma, a malignant bone tumor has a tendency to occur in the coccygeal area. […] Hyperactivity of the pelvic floor muscles may also contribute to or increase tailbone pain.

• #4 Tailbone Pain: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/cancer/tailbone-pain-coccydynia

  During pregnancy, your body secretes hormones that soften the area between your tailbone and sacrum, and sometimes, this can stretch the muscles and ligaments around the tailbone so much that it causes pain. […] Childbirth is a well-known cause of coccydynia. Ligaments and muscles around the coccyx can get stretched and strained during delivery and cause pain. […] If you have hemorrhoids, the tissue that cushions and protects your anal opening gets inflamed and muscles pull on your coccyx. That can cause tailbone pain. […] Carrying too much weight puts extra pressure on your coccyx when you sit down, which can lead to tailbone pain. […] Tailbone pain may stem from chordoma, a rare, cancerous tumor that develops in your spine, the base of your skull, or your tailbone. […] Tailbone pain is sometimes related to prostate cancer, a common cancer in men. […] A tumor or cancer in your colon or rectum can cause tailbone pain. […] A pilonidal cyst is an abnormal pocket in the skin, typically near the tailbone at the top of the buttocks. It usually contains hair and skin debris. When a cyst gets infected, it causes swelling and pain.

• #4 Coccyx Pain Treatment – Tailbone Injury Exercises

  https://www.coccyx.org/

  Coccyx pain is often due to a dislocation at one of the coccyx joints, or stiffness of one of the joints, or a spasm of the muscles attached to the coccyx. It can follow after falls, childbirth, repetitive strain or surgery or for no obvious reason. […] The coccyx consists of three to five bone segments which have thin disks between them or may be fused together. Sometimes the disks get damaged and the segments dislocate when you sit down. This repeated dislocation can cause chronic inflammation. In other cases there is a spur of bone on the end of the tailbone, and pressure on this causes the pain.

• #5 Coccydynia (Tailbone Pain) Causes

  https://www.spine-health.com/conditions/lower-back-pain/coccydynia-tailbone-pain-causes

  Direct trauma to the tailbone is the most common cause of coccydynia, and usually leads to inflammation surrounding the coccyx, which contributes to pain and discomfort. […] There are many cases reported in which pain begins with no identifiable origin (called idiopathic coccydynia). […] A direct injury to the coccyx is probably the most common cause of coccydynia. A fall on the tailbone can inflame the ligaments and injure the coccyx or the coccygeal attachment to the sacrum. Coccygeal trauma usually results in a bruised bone, but may also result in a fracture or dislocation either in the front or back of the coccyx. […] Activities that put prolonged pressure on the tailbone, such as horseback riding and sitting on hard surfaces for long periods of time, may cause the onset of coccyx pain.

• #5 Tailbone (Coccyx) Injury: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/tailbone-coccyx-injury

  This is an injury to the coccyx or tailbone area. Tailbone injuries may result in a bruise, dislocation, or fracture (break) of the coccyx and cause a lot of pain and discomfort. […] Tailbone injuries are usually caused by one of the following: You slip and fall backward on your tailbone, usually on a hard surface, like a floor. This is the most common cause of coccyx injuries. You take a direct blow to your tailbone while playing a contact sport. You fracture or injure your coccyx during childbirth. You hurt it while doing repetitive motions or causing friction, as happens while bicycling or rowing. You sit for long periods of time, especially on a hard surface. […] Less common causes of coccyx injuries include bone spurs, wear and tear on the joints, injuries to other parts of the spine, infections, and tumors. And sometimes, the cause is unknown. This is called idiopathic coccydynia.

• #5 Tailbone Pain Hurts! Why? — The Buff Muff App

  https://www.buffmuffapp.com/blog/tailbone-pain-hurts-why

  Sitting for long periods in awkward positions at work or while driving can put too much pressure on your coccyx, causing pain and discomfort. […] Being overweight or obese can place excess pressure on your coccyx when sitting down and cause coccydynia or worsen an existing condition. […] As we age, the small cartilage discs holding the coccyx in place can wear down and become more tightly fused, placing more stress on the coccyx and leading to pain. […] Tailbone pain can result from the loosening and shifting of the pelvic ligaments. […] The body releases a hormone called Relaxin during pregnancy. […] This hormone makes your pelvic ligaments looser and more flexible to make room for the baby to grow and enable you to give birth, and this can cause tighter contraction of the pelvic floor muscles, which help stabilize the body. […] Since the pelvic floor muscles are connected to the tailbone, it may lead to pain. […] Towards the end of pregnancy, the coccyx becomes more flexible. […] Sometimes childbirth can cause the muscles and ligaments around your coccyx to overstretch, resulting in coccydynia.

• #5 Understanding the Causes of Tailbone Pain

  https://www.spine-health.com/blog/understanding-causes-tailbone-pain

  Coccydynia, commonly called tailbone pain refers to persistent pain at the very bottom of your spine. You may develop this pain after direct trauma or spontaneously without a specific inciting factor. The pain typically lasts for weeks to months and can become debilitating. […] Coccyx pain can develop from direct trauma, repetitive injury, or degeneration of the joint(s) of the coccyx. Here are 5 possible causes of tailbone pain: […] Damage to the bony segments or ligaments of the coccyx may occur due to direct trauma to the buttocks, such as by slipping on ice or falling from the stairs and landing in a seated position. […] If this position changes due to anatomical variations, the tailbone can impinge on soft tissues, if placed more backward. […] Thickened or overgrown bone (bone spurs) near the tip of your tailbone can change its length and/or normal angulation.

• #5 Tailbone Pain (Coccydynia): Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and More

  https://www.medicinenet.com/coccydynia/article.htm

  Your tailbone pain is most likely due to an injury to the coccyx or pelvic bones, which can result from a fall on the tailbone, prolonged sitting on a hard surface, or trauma during childbirth. Other possible causes include strain from activities like cycling, as well as discomfort from being overweight or maintaining poor posture. […] At times, you might experience discomfort in your tailbone without any injury, and this could probably be a sign of cancer near your coccyx or metastatic cancer. Some of the cancers associated with tailbone pain include: Chordoma, Colorectal cancer, Prostate cancer. […] Other tailbone pain causes include: Pregnancy, Hemorrhoids, Vertebral tumor. […] The major risk factor for coccydynia is an injury to the coccyx or pelvic bones. Tailbone injury occurs when you fall backward and land on your tailbone, causing it to bruise, dislocate, or break. Repetitive strain, such as from sports or cycling, can also cause tailbone pain. Cycling, in particular, involves repetitive motion that stresses the tissues surrounding the tailbone.

• #5 Coccydynia (Tailbone Pain) Causes

  https://www.spine-health.com/conditions/lower-back-pain/coccydynia-tailbone-pain-causes

  During childbirth, pressure from the baby’s head may cause injury to the coccygeal structures. […] Rarely, coccydynia can be caused by a nearby tumor or infection that puts pressure on the coccyx. […] In rare cases pain will be referred to the coccyx from elsewhere in the spine or pelvis, such as a lumbar herniated disc or degenerative lumbar disc. […] Overweight individuals may be more prone to developing coccygeal pain. […] Women have a higher chance of developing coccydynia than men, due to a wider pelvic angle as well as trauma to the coccyx endured during childbirth. […] Coccydynia is typically caused by the following underlying anatomical issues: Hypermobility, or too much movement of the coccyx, puts added stress on the joint between the sacrum and coccyx and on the coccyx itself. […] Limited mobility of the coccyx causes the tailbone to jut outward when sitting and can put increased pressure on the bones and the sacrococcygeal joint. […] In rare cases, part of the sacrococcygeal joint may become dislocated at the front or back of the tailbone, causing coccyx pain.

• #5 Coccyx Pain – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK563139/

  Coccyxes of certain shapes are more predisposed to coccydynia than others. […] Abnormal coccygeal morphology or position predisposing to coccyx pain include abnormal scoliotic deformity (lateral deviation) or a coccyx that is excessively flexed or excessively extended. […] A distal coccyx bone spur (spicule) may cause pain when the skin is pinched beneath the spur during sitting. […] Idiopathic coccydynia is a 'diagnosis of exclusion’ after careful screening for identifiable causes.

• #6 Blog | Causes of Coccydynia (Tailbone Pain)

  https://www.precisionpaincarerehab.com/news-articles-pl409/blog/causes-of-coccydynia-tailbone-pain-41666.html

  Direct trauma to the tailbone is the most common cause of coccydynia and usually leads to inflammation surrounding the coccyx, which contributes to pain and discomfort. […] There are many cases reported in which pain begins with no identifiable origin (called idiopathic coccydynia). […] A direct injury to the coccyx is probably the most common cause of coccydynia. A fall on the tailbone can inflame the ligaments and injure the coccyx or the coccygeal attachment to the sacrum. Coccygeal trauma usually results in a bruised bone, but may also result in a fracture or dislocation either in the front or back of the coccyx. […] Activities that put prolonged pressure on the tailbone, such as horseback riding and sitting on hard surfaces for long periods, may cause the onset of coccyx pain. Tailbone pain from these causes usually is not permanent, but if inflammation and symptoms are not managed, the pain may become chronic and cause long-term altered mobility of the sacrococcygeal joint.

• #6 Coccyx Pain – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK563139/

  Coccyxes of certain shapes are more predisposed to coccydynia than others. […] Abnormal coccygeal morphology or position predisposing to coccyx pain include abnormal scoliotic deformity (lateral deviation) or a coccyx that is excessively flexed or excessively extended. […] A distal coccyx bone spur (spicule) may cause pain when the skin is pinched beneath the spur during sitting. […] Idiopathic coccydynia is a 'diagnosis of exclusion’ after careful screening for identifiable causes.

• #6 Coccyx Pain Relief | Coccydynia Treatment | NJ Spine & OrthoAccessibility ToolsIncrease TextDecrease TextGrayscaleHigh ContrastNegative ContrastLight BackgroundLinks UnderlineReadable FontResetHelpFeedback

  https://www.njspineandortho.com/conquering-coccydynia-aka-tailbone-pain/

  Prolonged sitting—whether at a desk, on top of a horse, or while mountain biking over rough terrain—can place extreme pressure on your coccyx. Over time, this repetitive strain can lead to pain flare-ups. […] Being overweight tends to compound coccydynia, especially during activities that involve sitting for long periods of time. Excess weight places even more strain on the coccyx, encouraging soreness. […] Anatomical Changes to the Tailbone: Childbirth is one of the leading causes of tailbone bone pain. The tailbone becomes more flexible to allow the spine above it to bend for birth. This movement is a natural and necessary process for childbirth, but unfortunately, the movements may stretch the muscles and ligaments around the tailbone too far. The stretching of the muscles and ligaments may make the tailbone segments unstable, causing mild or extreme pain. […] Although rare, tumors or infections may affect the tailbone. Chondroma is a malignant bone tumor that tends to occur in the tailbone area. A bone infection, osteomyelitis, affects individuals with pre-existing medical conditions such as immunodeficiency and sepsis.

• #6 Blog | Causes of Coccydynia (Tailbone Pain)

  https://www.precisionpaincarerehab.com/news-articles-pl409/blog/causes-of-coccydynia-tailbone-pain-41666.html

  During delivery, the baby’s head passes over the top of the coccyx, and the pressure against the coccyx can sometimes result in injury to the coccygeal structures (the disc, ligaments, and bones). While uncommon, the pressure can also cause a fracture in the coccyx. […] Rarely, coccydynia can be caused by a nearby tumor or infection that puts pressure on the coccyx. […] In rare cases, pain will be referred to the coccyx from elsewhere in the spine or pelvis, such as a lumbar herniated disc or degenerative lumbar disc. […] Pelvic rotation, including movement of the coccyx, is usually lessened in individuals who are overweight, leading to more continual stress being placed on the coccyx and increasing the chances of developing coccyx pain. […] Women have a higher chance of developing coccydynia than men, due to a wider pelvic angle as well as trauma to the coccyx endured during childbirth.

• #6 Coccyx Pain Treatment – Tailbone Injury Exercises

  https://www.coccyx.org/

  Coccyx pain is often due to a dislocation at one of the coccyx joints, or stiffness of one of the joints, or a spasm of the muscles attached to the coccyx. It can follow after falls, childbirth, repetitive strain or surgery or for no obvious reason. […] The coccyx consists of three to five bone segments which have thin disks between them or may be fused together. Sometimes the disks get damaged and the segments dislocate when you sit down. This repeated dislocation can cause chronic inflammation. In other cases there is a spur of bone on the end of the tailbone, and pressure on this causes the pain.

• #7 TWO Different Causes of Coccyx Pain (Tailbone Pain) in the Same Patient | Tailbone Doctor

  http://tailbonedoctor.com/two-different-causes-of-coccyx-pain-tailbone-pain-in-the-same-patient/

  Yes, it is certainly possible for patients to have more than one location of coccyx problem. […] For example, I frequently see patients who have both the most common cause of coccyx pain (hypermobility, diagnosed by sitting-versus-standing x-rays) and they may ALSO have the 2nd most common cause of coccyx pain, which is a bone spur at the distal/lowest tip of the coccyx. […] Or, some patients may have pain being caused by hypermobility or other abnormalities at TWO different joints within the coccyx, not just one joint. […] Or, a patient may have arthritis at the upper coccyx, and tables for at the lower coccyx. […] Other combinations are also possible.

• #7 Coccyx Disorders – Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/musculoskeletal-and-connective-tissue-disorders/coccyx-disorders/coccyx-disorders

  Repetitive microtrauma to the coccyx can occur from activities such as cycling or potentially due to prolonged sitting. Degenerative osteoarthritis of the coccygeal joints and chronic pain may result from years of repetitive microtrauma. […] Less common causes of coccyx disorders include nontraumatic disorders such as tumors (benign and malignant), infection, and arthropathies (eg, ankylosing spondylitis). […] Coccygeal cancers are rare causes of coccygeal pain. […] Coccygeal infection is rare, but can include osteomyelitis of the coccygeal vertebral bodies after sacrococcygeal pressure ulcers.

• #7 Blog | Understanding the Causes of Tailbone Pain

  https://www.precisionpaincarerehab.com/news-articles-pl409/blog/blog/understanding-the-causes-of-tailbone-pain-28909.html

  It is possible for degenerative arthritis (osteoarthritis) to develop in the joints of the coccyx due to wear and tear, resulting in tailbone pain. […] While rare, tumors or infections may affect the coccyx, causing pain. Chondroma, a malignant bone tumor has a tendency to occur in the coccygeal area. […] Hyperactivity of the pelvic floor muscles may also contribute to or increase tailbone pain.

• #8 Coccyx Pain – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK563139/

  Coccyxes of certain shapes are more predisposed to coccydynia than others. […] Abnormal coccygeal morphology or position predisposing to coccyx pain include abnormal scoliotic deformity (lateral deviation) or a coccyx that is excessively flexed or excessively extended. […] A distal coccyx bone spur (spicule) may cause pain when the skin is pinched beneath the spur during sitting. […] Idiopathic coccydynia is a 'diagnosis of exclusion’ after careful screening for identifiable causes.

• #8 Tailbone Pain: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/cancer/tailbone-pain-coccydynia

  During pregnancy, your body secretes hormones that soften the area between your tailbone and sacrum, and sometimes, this can stretch the muscles and ligaments around the tailbone so much that it causes pain. […] Childbirth is a well-known cause of coccydynia. Ligaments and muscles around the coccyx can get stretched and strained during delivery and cause pain. […] If you have hemorrhoids, the tissue that cushions and protects your anal opening gets inflamed and muscles pull on your coccyx. That can cause tailbone pain. […] Carrying too much weight puts extra pressure on your coccyx when you sit down, which can lead to tailbone pain. […] Tailbone pain may stem from chordoma, a rare, cancerous tumor that develops in your spine, the base of your skull, or your tailbone. […] Tailbone pain is sometimes related to prostate cancer, a common cancer in men. […] A tumor or cancer in your colon or rectum can cause tailbone pain. […] A pilonidal cyst is an abnormal pocket in the skin, typically near the tailbone at the top of the buttocks. It usually contains hair and skin debris. When a cyst gets infected, it causes swelling and pain.

• #8 Coccydynia: An Overview of the Anatomy, Etiology, and Treatment of Coccyx Pain

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3963058/

  Despite its small size, the coccyx has several important functions. […] The incidence of coccydynia (pain in the region of the coccyx) has not been reported, but factors associated with increased risk of developing coccydynia include obesity and female gender. […] The most common etiology of coccydynia is external or internal trauma. External trauma usually occurs due to a backwards fall, leading to a bruised, dislocated, or broken coccyx. […] Nontraumatic coccydynia can result from a number of causes, including degenerative joint or disc disease, hypermobility or hypomobility of the sacrococcygeal joint, infectious etiology, and variants of coccygeal morphology. […] Coccydynia can also be associated with nonorganic causes, such as somatization disorder and other psychological disorders.

• #9 Pilonidal cyst – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pilonidal-cyst/symptoms-causes/syc-20376329

  The cause of most pilonidal cysts is loose hairs that puncture the skin. Friction and pressure from rubbed skin, tight clothing, cycling or long periods of sitting can force hair into the skin. […] The body creates a cyst around the hair to try to push it out. Most pilonidal cysts form on the tailbone.

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