Żałoba skomplikowana – Zapobieganie i profilaktyka

Żałoba skomplikowana
Zapobieganie i profilaktyka

Żałoba skomplikowana (complicated grief, prolonged grief disorder) to zaburzenie charakteryzujące się intensywnym i przedłużającym się procesem żałoby, który znacząco upośledza funkcjonowanie pacjenta. Dotyka około 2-3% populacji ogólnej oraz 7-10% osób w żałobie, szczególnie tych z historią traumy, zaburzeń lękowych, niepewnym stylem przywiązania, opiekunów zmarłych, czy doświadczających gwałtownej śmierci bliskich. Zaburzenie to wiąże się z ryzykiem rozwoju depresji, zespołu stresu pourazowego, chorób serca, nadciśnienia tętniczego oraz zaburzeń związanych z używaniem substancji psychoaktywnych. Wczesne poradnictwo, budowanie silnego wsparcia społecznego oraz uczestnictwo w grupach wsparcia mogą zmniejszyć ryzyko rozwoju żałoby skomplikowanej, jednak skuteczność interwencji zapobiegawczych jest ograniczona, a bardziej efektywne okazują się interwencje lecznicze ukierunkowane na osoby z już rozwiniętym zaburzeniem.

Definicja i charakterystyka żałoby skomplikowanej

Żałoba skomplikowana (ang. complicated grief), znana również jako przedłużone zaburzenie żałoby (prolonged grief disorder) lub uporczywe złożone zaburzenie związane z żałobą (persistent complex bereavement disorder), charakteryzuje się intensywnym, przedłużającym się procesem żałoby, który znacząco upośledza codzienne funkcjonowanie¹². W przeciwieństwie do naturalnego procesu żałoby, który zazwyczaj z czasem staje się mniej intensywny, żałoba skomplikowana pozostaje nierozwiązana i może uniemożliwić osobie w żałobie powrót do codziennych aktywności i znalezienie wewnętrznego spokoju³.

Żałoba skomplikowana dotyka około 2-3% populacji światowej i 7-10% osób w żałobie⁴⁵. Może ona prowadzić do poważnych długoterminowych problemów ze zdrowiem fizycznym i psychicznym, takich jak depresja, zaburzenia lękowe, zespół stresu pourazowego, niedożywienie, odwodnienie, choroba serca, nadciśnienie tętnicze oraz zaburzenia związane z używaniem substancji psychoaktywnych lub alkoholu⁶.

Zapobieganie żałobie skomplikowanej

Chociaż nie ma jasno określonych metod zapobiegania żałobie skomplikowanej, istnieją pewne strategie, które mogą pomóc zmniejszyć ryzyko jej rozwoju⁷.

Wczesna interwencja i poradnictwo

Jednym z kluczowych elementów zapobiegania żałobie skomplikowanej jest wczesne poradnictwo po stracie bliskiej osoby, szczególnie dla osób o zwiększonym ryzyku rozwoju tego zaburzenia⁸⁹. Poprzez wczesne poradnictwo można eksplorować emocje związane ze stratą i nauczyć się zdrowych strategii radzenia sobie, co może zapobiec utrwaleniu się negatywnych myśli i przekonań, które później trudno przezwyciężyć¹⁰.

Budowanie systemu wsparcia

Budowanie silnego systemu wsparcia składającego się z bliskich osób może znacząco zmniejszyć ryzyko rozwoju żałoby skomplikowanej¹¹. Posiadanie osób, którym można zaufać i zwierzyć się ze swoich uczuć, jest ważnym czynnikiem ochronnym¹².

Dołączenie do grup wsparcia

Dołączenie do grupy wsparcia dla osób w żałobie może być pomocne w procesie adaptacji po stracie i zapobieganiu rozwoju żałoby skomplikowanej¹³. Grupy te zapewniają przestrzeń do dzielenia się doświadczeniami i uczuciami z innymi osobami, które przechodzą przez podobne trudności¹⁴.

Strategie radzenia sobie

Badania wspierane przez Wydział Psychologii Eksperymentalnej Uniwersytetu w Oksfordzie wykazały, że typ strategii radzenia sobie stosowanych we wczesnych miesiącach po stracie ma znaczący wpływ na późniejsze objawy przedłużonego zaburzenia żałoby¹⁵. Strategie adaptacyjne mogą pomóc w zdrowym przetworzeniu żałoby i zapobiec jej komplikacjom¹⁶.

Badania sugerują, że interwencje, które obejmują strategie mające na celu zmniejszenie unikania myśli o śmierci oraz unikania aktywności i miejsc przypominających o stracie, są bardziej skuteczne niż te, które tego nie robią¹⁷.

Wsparcie dla opiekunów

Opiekunowie zapewniający opiekę u schyłku życia dla bliskiej osoby mogą odnieść korzyści z poradnictwa i wsparcia, które pomoże im przygotować się na śmierć i jej emocjonalne następstwa¹⁸¹⁹. Wsparcie to może pomóc w zarządzaniu stresem związanym z opieką nad umierającą osobą i przygotować opiekuna na proces żałoby²⁰.

Skuteczność interwencji zapobiegawczych

Warto zaznaczyć, że wyniki badań dotyczących skuteczności interwencji zapobiegawczych są mieszane. Meta-analiza dotycząca zapobiegania i leczenia żałoby skomplikowanej wykazała, że interwencje zapobiegawcze nie wydają się być skuteczne, w przeciwieństwie do interwencji leczniczych, które mogą skutecznie zmniejszyć objawy żałoby skomplikowanej²¹²².

Różnica między wspólnymi SMD (standaryzowanymi średnimi różnicami) interwencji zapobiegawczych i leczniczych w okresie obserwacji była znacząca na korzyść interwencji leczniczych²³. Rutynowa interwencja w przypadku żałoby nie uzyskała poparcia w ilościowych ocenach jej skuteczności i dlatego nie jest empirycznie potwierdzona²⁴.

Interwencja jest bardziej skuteczna dla osób z bardziej skomplikowanymi formami żałoby²⁵. Oznacza to, że zapobieganie żałobie skomplikowanej może być trudne, a skuteczniejsze mogą być interwencje ukierunkowane na leczenie już rozwiniętego zaburzenia²⁶.

Grupy ryzyka i czynniki predysponujące

Niektóre osoby mają zwiększone ryzyko rozwoju żałoby skomplikowanej. Rozpoznanie tych grup ryzyka może pomóc w ukierunkowaniu interwencji zapobiegawczych²⁷.

Czynniki ryzyka

Zidentyfikowano kilka czynników ryzyka, które predysponują jednostki do rozwoju żałoby skomplikowanej. Należą do nich²⁸:

Wcześniejsza trauma lub strata
Historia zaburzeń lękowych lub nastroju
Niepewny styl przywiązania
Bycie opiekunem zmarłego
Gwałtowna przyczyna śmierci
Brak wsparcia społecznego

Te czynniki mają tendencję do predysponowania jednostek do intensywnego tęsknoty za zmarłym, co zatrzymuje przetwarzanie straty i zadania związane z przywróceniem funkcjonowania, które normalnie prowadzą do rozwiązania żałoby²⁹.

Grupy wysokiego ryzyka

Badania wykazały, że żałoba skomplikowana częściej występuje wśród³⁰:

Osób starszych – około 9% starszych kobiet doświadcza żałoby skomplikowanej
Osób doświadczających straty w wyniku katastrofy lub śmierci gwałtownej
Rodziców, którzy utracili dziecko
Osób z historią traumy lub zaburzeń psychicznych

Warto zauważyć, że żałoba skomplikowana dotyka około 10% osób w żałobie, a wskaźniki są wyższe wśród osób, które doświadczyły straty w wyniku katastrofy lub śmierci gwałtownej, lub rodziców, którzy stracili dziecko³¹.

Nowe podejścia do profilaktyki

W miarę jak nasze zrozumienie żałoby skomplikowanej się pogłębia, pojawiają się nowe podejścia do profilaktyki tego zaburzenia³².

Interwencje oparte na internecie

Leczenie internetowe oferuje skuteczne, elastyczne i bardziej anonimowe podejście do rozwiązywania problemów zdrowia psychicznego, co może pomóc przezwyciężyć bariery leczenia dla osób z przedłużonym zaburzeniem żałoby³³.

Badania wykazały skuteczność wspomaganej przez terapeutę internetowej interwencji dla przedłużonego zaburzenia żałoby po stracie z powodu choroby nowotworowej³⁴. Interwencja ta okazała się skuteczna w zmniejszaniu objawów przedłużonego zaburzenia żałoby do klinicznie znaczącego stopnia w porównaniu z grupą kontrolną³⁵.

Internetowa opieka nad osobami w żałobie, skierowana konkretnie do osób z przedłużonym zaburzeniem żałoby po doświadczeniu związanym z chorobą nowotworową, powinna być dalej badana jako potencjalna metoda profilaktyki³⁶.

Specjalistyczne podejścia terapeutyczne

Badania dotyczące skuteczności interwencji w przypadku żałoby wskazują, że interwencje w przypadku żałoby powinny być dostosowane do potrzeb, gotowości do leczenia i charakteru straty dla osób doświadczających straty³⁷.

Terapia Żałoby Skomplikowanej (Complicated Grief Therapy, CGT) jest raportowana jako podejście oparte na dowodach dla stanów żałoby skomplikowanej³⁸. W badaniach analizowano również strategie zapobiegawcze, w tym Terapię Akceptacji i Zaangażowania, Przyspieszoną Terapię Rozwiązań, Odwrażliwianie i Przetwarzanie za pomocą Ruchu Gałek Ocznych oraz CGT³⁹.

Podejście multidyscyplinarne

Radzenie sobie z żałobą skomplikowaną często wymaga wieloaspektowego podejścia obejmującego psychoterapię, leki i wsparcie społeczności, aby ułatwić powrót do zdrowia i reintegrację z codziennym życiem⁴⁰.

W placówkach takich jak St. Joseph Institute rozumie się, że radzenie sobie z żałobą skomplikowaną często wymaga wieloaspektowego podejścia obejmującego psychoterapię, grupy wsparcia, a czasem leki⁴¹.

Profilaktyka w kontekście COVID-19

Pandemia COVID-19 stworzyła bezprecedensową sytuację związaną z dużą liczbą zgonów, co może prowadzić do zwiększenia częstości występowania żałoby skomplikowanej, czyniąc ją głównym problemem zdrowia publicznego⁴².

Pojawienie się specjalistycznych metod leczenia żałoby doprowadziło do nowej interwencji w postaci Terapii Żałoby Skomplikowanej (CGT) w celu leczenia nieadaptacyjnych ruminacji i kontrfaktycznego myślenia związanego z Przedłużonym Zaburzeniem Żałoby (PGD)⁴³.

Siedem badań, które spełniły kryteria, wykazało, że CGT jest skutecznym środkiem radzenia sobie z żałobą skomplikowaną w czasie pandemii⁴⁴. Badanie to dostarcza skutecznego rozwiązania leczniczego i uzdrawiającego dla osób dotkniętych żałobą i może służyć jako nowa metoda leczenia dla członków rodziny podczas pandemii⁴⁵.

Długotrwałe skutki pandemii dla zdrowia psychicznego wymagają dalszych badań i stosowania CGT, aby pomóc osobom, które obecnie zmagają się z żałobą skomplikowaną, i wzmocnić ich zdolność do radzenia sobie w przyszłości⁴⁶.

Konkluzje i rekomendacje

Chociaż nie ma jasno określonych metod zapobiegania żałobie skomplikowanej, istnieje kilka strategii, które mogą pomóc zmniejszyć ryzyko jej rozwoju⁴⁷.

Rekomendacje dla profesjonalistów

Profesjonaliści w dziedzinie zdrowia psychicznego pracujący z osobami w żałobie powinni⁴⁸:

Zdefiniować żałobę skomplikowaną i zbadać jej rozpowszechnienie
Zidentyfikować czynniki ryzyka żałoby skomplikowanej
Analizować strategie leczenia żałoby skomplikowanej

Żałoba skomplikowana może wystąpić z różnych powodów i może manifestować się różnie u różnych osób⁴⁹. Ważne jest, aby profesjonaliści rozpoznawali te różnice i dostosowywali swoje podejście do indywidualnych potrzeb⁵⁰.

Rekomendacje dla osób w żałobie

Osoby w żałobie mogą zmniejszyć ryzyko rozwoju żałoby skomplikowanej poprzez⁵¹:

Rozmowę z profesjonalistą zdrowia psychicznego po stracie
Budowanie systemu wsparcia składającego się z bliskich osób
Dołączenie do grupy wsparcia dla osób w żałobie po stracie

Szukanie specjalistycznego leczenia żałoby może przekształcić podróż leczenia, zapewniając strukturę i wsparcie, gdy żałoba wydaje się przytłaczająca⁵².

Potrzeba dalszych badań

Istnieje potrzeba dalszych badań nad skutecznością różnych interwencji zapobiegawczych w żałobie skomplikowanej⁵³.

Terapia poznawczo-behawioralna (CBT) ukierunkowana na żałobę skomplikowaną wykazuje obiecujące wyniki, jednak jej wskaźnik odpowiedzi powinien być poprawiony w przyszłości⁵⁴.

Przyszłe badania mogą próbować potwierdzić prawdziwe czynniki terapeutyczne różnych interwencji⁵⁵.

Przedłużone zaburzenie żałoby jest problemem zdrowia publicznego, który może prowadzić do znaczących niekorzystnych problemów zdrowia fizycznego i psychicznego przez lata⁵⁶. Osobom w żałobie z przedłużonym zaburzeniem żałoby należy zapewnić pomoc i wsparcie potrzebne do zapobiegania niekorzystnym wynikom zdrowotnym, jednocześnie promując adaptacyjne reakcje żałobne, które mogą pomóc im reintegrować się z życiem bez ważnej osoby, którą stracili⁵⁷.

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Materiały źródłowe

#1 Complicated Grief: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment
https://laopcenter.com/mental-health/disorder/complicated-grief/
Complicated grief, also known as prolonged grief disorder or persistent complex bereavement disorder, is characterized by an intense, prolonged mourning process that significantly impairs daily functioning. […] Treatment for complicated grief primarily involves psychotherapy tailored specifically for this condition, often referred to as complex grief therapy. […] Yes, you can prevent complicated grief, although it requires proactive measures and support, according to Wittouck C et al.s 2011 study entitled, The Prevention and Treatment of Complicated Grief, published in the Clin Psychol Rev Journal. Engaging in open conversations with mental health professionals shortly after a loss helps individuals process their emotions and establish coping strategies, which mitigate the risk of developing complicated grief. […] Addressing complicated grief often requires a multifaceted approach involving psychotherapy, medication, and community support to facilitate recovery and reintegration into daily life.
#2 Premier Complicated Grief Treatment Center – Nashville | Arbor
https://arborwellnessmh.com/programs/complicated-grief-treatment-center/
Complicated grief, also known as prolonged grief disorder or persistent complex bereavement disorder, is a type of grief that intensifies over time and becomes significantly more challenging to manage. Unlike the natural process of grieving, which typically lessens in intensity with time, complicated grief remains unresolved and can impede an individualâs ability to resume daily activities and find peace. […] Our complicated grief treatment center offers comprehensive treatment programs to address the needs of each individual and their level of grief. Our residential program provides a safe and supportive environment for individuals who require intensive care and round-the-clock support. In this program, clients receive personalized therapy sessions, group counseling, holistic healing therapies, and other evidence-based treatments. […] We take a comprehensive and integrative approach to treating complicated grief by providing access to a range of multi-modal treatment approaches and services. […] If appropriate and indicated based on assessment, our center offers MAT when it can benefit those struggling with complicated grief.
#3 Premier Complicated Grief Treatment Center – Nashville | Arbor
https://arborwellnessmh.com/programs/complicated-grief-treatment-center/
Complicated grief, also known as prolonged grief disorder or persistent complex bereavement disorder, is a type of grief that intensifies over time and becomes significantly more challenging to manage. Unlike the natural process of grieving, which typically lessens in intensity with time, complicated grief remains unresolved and can impede an individualâs ability to resume daily activities and find peace. […] Our complicated grief treatment center offers comprehensive treatment programs to address the needs of each individual and their level of grief. Our residential program provides a safe and supportive environment for individuals who require intensive care and round-the-clock support. In this program, clients receive personalized therapy sessions, group counseling, holistic healing therapies, and other evidence-based treatments. […] We take a comprehensive and integrative approach to treating complicated grief by providing access to a range of multi-modal treatment approaches and services. […] If appropriate and indicated based on assessment, our center offers MAT when it can benefit those struggling with complicated grief.
#4 Complicated Grief | Fact Sheet – ABCT – Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies
https://www.abct.org/fact-sheets/complicated-grief/
Complicated grief affects between 2% to 3% of the population worldwide and 7% to 10% of bereaved people. […] There are two approaches: one deals with complicated grief; the other gives us strategies for accepting the loss and for restoring a sense of the possibility of future happiness. A short-term approach called complicated grief treatment (CGT) has been effective with 2 out of 3 people, and is more effective than other treatments for complicated grief, including interpersonal therapy and antidepressant medication, and is therefore the treatment of choice for complicated grief. […] Research suggests that interventions that include strategies to reduce avoidance of thoughts about the death and avoidance of activities and places that are reminders of the loss are more effective than those that do not.
#5 What is Prolonged Grief Disorder? Symptoms and Treatments
https://boldhealthinc.com/what-is-prolonged-grief-disorder-symptoms-and-treatments/
Prolonged grief disorder is a relatively new diagnosable condition added to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) in March of 2022. Also referred to as complicated grief disorder, this draining mental health condition mimics grief symptoms but lasts much longer. […] According to Psychiatry.org, an estimated 7-10% of adults whoâve experienced loss will experience prolonged grief disorder. […] Getting professional help is always a good idea after a loved one passes away. But when it comes to prolonged grief disorder, itâs practically required. […] Several treatment options are available to help process your feelings and work through your grief. They include the following: Individual therapy, Group therapy, Family therapy, Treatment for co-occurring disorders, Medication management, Intensive Outpatient Programs (like our San Diego IOP), Ketamine Treatment.
#6 Complicated Grief: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24951-complicated-grief
Complicated grief can affect your physical health, interpersonal relationships and daily responsibilities. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy treats complicated grief. […] Complicated grief affects an estimated 7% of all adults who experience grief. […] Complicated grief can cause long-term physical and mental health concerns that could include: Depression, Anxiety, Malnutrition or dehydration, Post-traumatic stress disorder, Heart disease, High blood pressure, Substance use disorder or alcohol use disorder. […] Theres no known way to prevent complicated grief. You can reduce your risk of developing complicated grief by: Talking with a mental health professional after a loss, Building a support system of loved ones, Joining a bereavement group after a loss.
#7 Complicated grief – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/complicated-grief/symptoms-causes/syc-20360374
It’s not clear how to prevent complicated grief. Getting counseling soon after a loss may help, especially for people at increased risk of developing complicated grief. In addition, caregivers providing end-of-life care for a loved one may benefit from counseling and support to help prepare for death and its emotional aftermath. […] Through early counseling after a loss, you can explore emotions surrounding your loss and learn healthy coping skills. This may help prevent negative thoughts and beliefs from gaining such a strong hold that they’re difficult to overcome.
#8 Complicated grief – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/complicated-grief/symptoms-causes/syc-20360374
It’s not clear how to prevent complicated grief. Getting counseling soon after a loss may help, especially for people at increased risk of developing complicated grief. In addition, caregivers providing end-of-life care for a loved one may benefit from counseling and support to help prepare for death and its emotional aftermath. […] Through early counseling after a loss, you can explore emotions surrounding your loss and learn healthy coping skills. This may help prevent negative thoughts and beliefs from gaining such a strong hold that they’re difficult to overcome.
#9 How can coping strategies prevent prolonged grief? â NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre
https://oxfordhealthbrc.nihr.ac.uk/how-can-coping-strategies-prevent-prolonged-grief/
Research supported by University of Oxfords Department of Experimental Psychology Prof. Anke Ehlers, Theme Lead of the BRCs Psychological Treatments Theme, has found that the type of coping strategy used in the early months following loss has a significant impact on later symptoms of prolonged grief disorder (PGD). […] The article, published recently in ScienceDirect, From loss to disorder: The influence of maladaptive coping on prolonged grief, identifies which coping strategies lead to poorer or better outcomes for bereaved people.
#10 Complicated grief – Augusta HealthSearchClose SearchSearch IconSearch IconClose Search IconMobile Menu IconMobile Menu Close IconInstagramFacebookTwitterYoutube
https://www.augustahealth.com/disease/complicated-grief/
It’s not clear how to prevent complicated grief. Getting counseling soon after a loss may help, especially for people at increased risk of developing complicated grief. In addition, caregivers providing end-of-life care for a loved one may benefit from counseling and support to help prepare for death and its emotional aftermath. […] Through early counseling after a loss, you can explore emotions surrounding your loss and learn healthy coping skills. This may help prevent negative thoughts and beliefs from gaining such a strong hold that theyâre difficult to overcome.
#11 Complicated Grief: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24951-complicated-grief
Complicated grief can affect your physical health, interpersonal relationships and daily responsibilities. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy treats complicated grief. […] Complicated grief affects an estimated 7% of all adults who experience grief. […] Complicated grief can cause long-term physical and mental health concerns that could include: Depression, Anxiety, Malnutrition or dehydration, Post-traumatic stress disorder, Heart disease, High blood pressure, Substance use disorder or alcohol use disorder. […] Theres no known way to prevent complicated grief. You can reduce your risk of developing complicated grief by: Talking with a mental health professional after a loss, Building a support system of loved ones, Joining a bereavement group after a loss.
#12 Complicated Grief Treatment | Peachtree Wellness Solutions
https://peachtreewellnessmh.com/programs/complicated-grief-treatment/
If someone is going through the initial stages of grief, it can prove important to try to protect themselves from it developing into complicated grief. Important ways a person can try to avoid complicated grief include having people they can confide in about their feelings. […] Seeking specialized grief treatment can transform your healing journey, providing structure and support when grief feels overwhelming. […] Our approach honors your unique grief experience while providing the therapeutic tools and compassionate guidance needed to process your loss and gradually rediscover meaning in life.
#13 Complicated Grief: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24951-complicated-grief
Complicated grief can affect your physical health, interpersonal relationships and daily responsibilities. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy treats complicated grief. […] Complicated grief affects an estimated 7% of all adults who experience grief. […] Complicated grief can cause long-term physical and mental health concerns that could include: Depression, Anxiety, Malnutrition or dehydration, Post-traumatic stress disorder, Heart disease, High blood pressure, Substance use disorder or alcohol use disorder. […] Theres no known way to prevent complicated grief. You can reduce your risk of developing complicated grief by: Talking with a mental health professional after a loss, Building a support system of loved ones, Joining a bereavement group after a loss.
#14 Complicated Grief/Prolonged Grief Disorder – New York Behavioral Health
https://www.newyorkbehavioralhealth.com/complicated-grief-prolonged-grief-disorder/
PDG can also trigger other psychological problems, most often depression and PTSD. It is important to distinguish these disorders from grieving to be able to treat them appropriately. […] It seems that clients with complicated grief symptoms respond better to grief-specific therapy and show faster symptom reduction than interpersonal therapy (Shear, Frank, Houck, & Reynolds, 2005). […] A German study found that when twice-weekly group therapy sessions were added on individual treatment for patients with PDG for a total of 9 sessions, patients experienced a large reduction in symptoms compared to treatment as usual (Rosner, Lumbeck, & Geissner, 2011). […] Treatment delivered through the Internet also holds a promise for alleviating PDG symptoms. In a study on parents grieving the loss of their child, a 5-week email-based intervention lead to large symptom reduction compared to waitlist controls (Wagner, Knaevelsrud, & Maercker, 2006).
#15 How can coping strategies prevent prolonged grief? â NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre
https://oxfordhealthbrc.nihr.ac.uk/how-can-coping-strategies-prevent-prolonged-grief/
Research supported by University of Oxfords Department of Experimental Psychology Prof. Anke Ehlers, Theme Lead of the BRCs Psychological Treatments Theme, has found that the type of coping strategy used in the early months following loss has a significant impact on later symptoms of prolonged grief disorder (PGD). […] The article, published recently in ScienceDirect, From loss to disorder: The influence of maladaptive coping on prolonged grief, identifies which coping strategies lead to poorer or better outcomes for bereaved people.
#16 A public health perspective on Prolonged Grief Disorder | Pursuit | University of Michigan School of Public Health | Public Health Sciences | Bachelor of Science | Mental Health | Grief | Well-being | Healthcare
https://sph.umich.edu/pursuit/2023posts/public-health-perspective-on-prolonged-grief-disorder.html
PGD can prevent healthy adjustment following the death of a loved one, and PGD is associated with major public health concerns, such as increased suicidality and suicidal thinking, risk for cardiovascular health, and substance misuse for bereaved individuals. […] One of these factors was COVID-19, with many bereavement experts believing that the unprecedented amount of deaths from COVID-19 would lead to an increase in incidences of PGD making PGD a major public health concern. […] For any treatments and interventions pertaining to PGD, it is important to help facilitate adaptive grief reactions and promote healthy coping techniques for bereaved individuals. Potential treatments for PGD include Prolonged Grief Disorder Therapy (PGDT), which focuses on seven Healing Milestones that include understanding grief, managing emotions, seeing a promising future, strengthening relationships, narrating the story of the death, learning to live with reminders, and connecting with memories of the person who died.
#17 Complicated Grief | Fact Sheet – ABCT – Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies
https://www.abct.org/fact-sheets/complicated-grief/
Complicated grief affects between 2% to 3% of the population worldwide and 7% to 10% of bereaved people. […] There are two approaches: one deals with complicated grief; the other gives us strategies for accepting the loss and for restoring a sense of the possibility of future happiness. A short-term approach called complicated grief treatment (CGT) has been effective with 2 out of 3 people, and is more effective than other treatments for complicated grief, including interpersonal therapy and antidepressant medication, and is therefore the treatment of choice for complicated grief. […] Research suggests that interventions that include strategies to reduce avoidance of thoughts about the death and avoidance of activities and places that are reminders of the loss are more effective than those that do not.
#18 Complicated grief – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/complicated-grief/symptoms-causes/syc-20360374
It’s not clear how to prevent complicated grief. Getting counseling soon after a loss may help, especially for people at increased risk of developing complicated grief. In addition, caregivers providing end-of-life care for a loved one may benefit from counseling and support to help prepare for death and its emotional aftermath. […] Through early counseling after a loss, you can explore emotions surrounding your loss and learn healthy coping skills. This may help prevent negative thoughts and beliefs from gaining such a strong hold that they’re difficult to overcome.
#19 Complicated grief // Middlesex Health
https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/complicated-grief
Complicated grief can affect you physically, mentally and socially. Without appropriate treatment, complications may include: […] It’s not clear how to prevent complicated grief. Getting counseling soon after a loss may help, especially for people at increased risk of developing complicated grief. In addition, caregivers providing end-of-life care for a loved one may benefit from counseling and support to help prepare for death and its emotional aftermath. […] Through early counseling after a loss, you can explore emotions surrounding your loss and learn healthy coping skills. This may help prevent negative thoughts and beliefs from gaining such a strong hold that they’re difficult to overcome.
#20 Complicated grief – Augusta HealthSearchClose SearchSearch IconSearch IconClose Search IconMobile Menu IconMobile Menu Close IconInstagramFacebookTwitterYoutube
https://www.augustahealth.com/disease/complicated-grief/
It’s not clear how to prevent complicated grief. Getting counseling soon after a loss may help, especially for people at increased risk of developing complicated grief. In addition, caregivers providing end-of-life care for a loved one may benefit from counseling and support to help prepare for death and its emotional aftermath. […] Through early counseling after a loss, you can explore emotions surrounding your loss and learn healthy coping skills. This may help prevent negative thoughts and beliefs from gaining such a strong hold that theyâre difficult to overcome.
#21 The prevention and treatment of complicated grief: a meta-analysis – PubMed
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21130937/
Background: Bereaved individuals are at increased risk of mental and physical disorders, and prevention and treatment of complicated grief is indicated. […] Treatment interventions can effectively diminish complicated grief symptoms. Preventive interventions, on the other hand, do not appear to be effective.
#22 (PDF) The prevention and treatment of complicated grief: A meta-analysis
https://www.academia.edu/15012584/The_prevention_and_treatment_of_complicated_grief_A_meta_analysis
Background: Bereaved individuals are at increased risk of mental and physical disorders, and prevention and treatment of complicated grief is indicated. […] Therefore the main objective of this meta-analysis was to determine the short-term and long-term effect of both preventive and treatment interventions on complicated grief. […] Contrary to preventive interventions, treatment interventions yielded significant pooled standardized mean differences in favor of the (specific) grief intervention at post-test and follow-up. […] Conclusions: Treatment interventions can effectively diminish complicated grief symptoms. Preventive interventions, on the other hand, do not appear to be effective. […] A preventive grief intervention is defined as any technique or any more extensive intervention for bereaved individuals in general designed to reduce the probability of the development of CG.
#23 (PDF) The prevention and treatment of complicated grief: A meta-analysis
https://www.academia.edu/15012584/The_prevention_and_treatment_of_complicated_grief_A_meta_analysis
The difference among the pooled SMD’s of preventive and treatment interventions at follow-up was significant in favor of the treatment interventions (=17.09; df = 1; p b 0.0001). […] Routine intervention for bereavement has not received support from quantitative evaluations of its effectiveness and is therefore not empirically based. […] Intervention is more effective for those with more complicated forms of grief.
#24 (PDF) The prevention and treatment of complicated grief: A meta-analysis
https://www.academia.edu/15012584/The_prevention_and_treatment_of_complicated_grief_A_meta_analysis
The difference among the pooled SMD’s of preventive and treatment interventions at follow-up was significant in favor of the treatment interventions (=17.09; df = 1; p b 0.0001). […] Routine intervention for bereavement has not received support from quantitative evaluations of its effectiveness and is therefore not empirically based. […] Intervention is more effective for those with more complicated forms of grief.
#25 (PDF) The prevention and treatment of complicated grief: A meta-analysis
https://www.academia.edu/15012584/The_prevention_and_treatment_of_complicated_grief_A_meta_analysis
The difference among the pooled SMD’s of preventive and treatment interventions at follow-up was significant in favor of the treatment interventions (=17.09; df = 1; p b 0.0001). […] Routine intervention for bereavement has not received support from quantitative evaluations of its effectiveness and is therefore not empirically based. […] Intervention is more effective for those with more complicated forms of grief.
#26 Complicated grief – GPMHSC
https://gpmhsc.org.au/guidelines/index/1998aae6-2bdc-4647-8820-7becb21bf3db
Complicated grief is associated with substantial impairment in work, health and social functioning. […] About 10% of bereaved people experience complicated grief (also referred to as prolonged grief disorder and persistent complex bereavement-related disorder). This is a syndrome of prolonged (ie well beyond six months) or intense grief, resulting from a failure to transition from acute to integrated grief. Complicated grief is associated with substantial impairment in work, health and social functioning. […] Standard grief-focused supportive psychotherapies and psychotropic medications such as antidepressants do not appear to be effective for complicated grief. However, targeted complicated grief treatment has shown significant benefit. There do not appear to be effective preventive interventions.
#27 Palliative Care for the Patient with Incurable Cancer or Advanced Disease – Part 3: Grief and Bereavement – Province of British Columbia
https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/health/practitioner-professional-resources/bc-guidelines/palliative-grief-and-bereavement
In the case of Prolonged Grief Disorder (complicated grief), assess and take note of any risk factors or concerns. […] Bereavement includes the period of adjustment following a persons death and it encompasses many elements of grief, including prolonged grief disorder (complicated grief). Anticipate / screen for prolonged grief disorder (complicated grief) reactions and also consider using Appendix E: Bereavement Risk Assessment Tool to assess risk. […] Treating Prolonged Grief Disorder (complicated grief) involves assessing in the context of the persons life, personality, culture, and the nature of the illness/death. […] Diagnosis of Prolonged Grief Disorder (Complicated Grief) requires that yearning for the deceased must be experienced at least daily over the past month or to a distressing and disruptive degree, and the persistence for at least six months of five of the following nine symptoms.
#28 Complicated Grief/Prolonged Grief Disorder – New York Behavioral Health
https://www.newyorkbehavioralhealth.com/complicated-grief-prolonged-grief-disorder/
Prolonged Grief Disorder/Complicated Grief […] As many as 20% of the grieving population experiences that their grieving difficulties persist and even grow, rather than diminish, over time (Kersting, Brahler, Glaesner, & Wagner, 2011). Often these individuals suffer from Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) also known as Complicated Grief. Several risk factors have been identified that predispose individuals to developing PGD. A prior trauma or loss, history of anxiety or mood disorders, insecure attachment style, being a caregiver of the deceased, a violent cause of death, and a lack of social support predict a greater likelihood of developing PDG (Lobb et al., 2010). These factors tend to predispose individuals to intense longing for the deceased that halts the loss-processing and functional restoration tasks that normally lead to grief resolution.
#29 Complicated Grief/Prolonged Grief Disorder – New York Behavioral Health
https://www.newyorkbehavioralhealth.com/complicated-grief-prolonged-grief-disorder/
Prolonged Grief Disorder/Complicated Grief […] As many as 20% of the grieving population experiences that their grieving difficulties persist and even grow, rather than diminish, over time (Kersting, Brahler, Glaesner, & Wagner, 2011). Often these individuals suffer from Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) also known as Complicated Grief. Several risk factors have been identified that predispose individuals to developing PGD. A prior trauma or loss, history of anxiety or mood disorders, insecure attachment style, being a caregiver of the deceased, a violent cause of death, and a lack of social support predict a greater likelihood of developing PDG (Lobb et al., 2010). These factors tend to predispose individuals to intense longing for the deceased that halts the loss-processing and functional restoration tasks that normally lead to grief resolution.
#30 Complicated Grief: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment
https://www.verywellmind.com/complicated-grief-symptoms-diagnosis-and-treatment-5089396
Complicated grief has also proven to be more prevalent in older individuals. One study found that around 9% of older women experience complicated grief. […] The treatment of complicated grief focuses on helping people living with the condition begin their healing process. Your doctor will determine the best treatment plan for you. A combination of medication and therapy might be used to treat complicated grief. […] Where complicated grief evolves or is accompanied by another mental health condition, its also important to treat this condition. For instance, where its accompanied by depression, antidepressants might also help to relieve symptoms of complicated grief.
#31 Treating complicated grief | Open Arms
https://www.openarms.gov.au/health-professionals/assessment-and-treatment/treating-complicated-grief
Approximately one in ten bereaved people experience complicated grief, with higher rates amongst those bereaved by disaster or violent death, or parents who lose a child. […] Complicated grief is associated with more prolonged distress and disability. As well as greater negative health outcomes and suicidality than normal grief. […] It is important to recognise complicated grief. As interventions only targeting anxiety, depression, or PTSD are not usually effective. […] Complicated grief can be a significant risk factor for suicide. […] Most people find grief resolves over time with the support of their family, friends and usual coping strategies with no professional help necessary. […] Mental health practitioner delivered cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) should be considered for veterans with complicated grief.
#32 Complicated Grief Therapy and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review
https://pjpr.scione.com/cms/fulltext.php?id=957
The pandemic’s long-lasting effects on mental health call for continued study and use of CGT in order to help people who are currently struggling with complicated grief and to strengthen their ability to endure resilience in the future. […] Grief intervention effectiveness studies indicate that grief interventions should be tailored according to the needs, readiness for treatment, and the nature of loss for individuals undergoing loss. […] CGT is reported to be an evidence-based approach for complicated grief conditions. […] The current systematic literature review aims to examine the evidence regarding CGT during COVID-19. […] The therapeutic process depends on different therapeutic options available such as CGT, CBT, and DBT during COVID-19. […] Thus, Kaur-Aujla et al., (2022) defined the proposal of Shear and Shair regarding a 16-session module of CGT which has shown to be an effective targeted strategy for combating complicated grief symptoms related to COVID-19. […] This study also analysed prevention strategies including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Accelerated Resolution Therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and CGT.
#33 JMIR Mental Health – Therapist-Assisted Web-Based Intervention for Prolonged Grief Disorder After Cancer Bereavement: Randomized Controlled Trial
https://mental.jmir.org/2022/2/e27642
Background: Bereavement due to cancer increases the risk of prolonged grief disorder. However, specialized treatment options for prolonged grief after a loss due to illness are still scarce. […] The intervention reduced symptoms of prolonged grief (intention-to-treat: P<.001; 2=0.34; Cohen d=0.80) to a clinically significant extent. [...] The web-based intervention for prolonged grief after cancer bereavement is effective in reducing symptoms of prolonged grief disorder and accompanying syndromes in a timely, easily realizable manner and addresses specific challenges of bereavement to illness. [...] Internet-based treatments offer an effective, flexible, and more anonymous approach for addressing mental health issues, which may help overcome treatment barriers for those with PGD. [...] Web-based bereavement care targeted specifically at those with PGD after a cancer experience should be further examined.
#34 JMIR Mental Health – Therapist-Assisted Web-Based Intervention for Prolonged Grief Disorder After Cancer Bereavement: Randomized Controlled Trial
https://mental.jmir.org/2022/2/e27642
Background: Bereavement due to cancer increases the risk of prolonged grief disorder. However, specialized treatment options for prolonged grief after a loss due to illness are still scarce. […] The intervention reduced symptoms of prolonged grief (intention-to-treat: P<.001; 2=0.34; Cohen d=0.80) to a clinically significant extent. [...] The web-based intervention for prolonged grief after cancer bereavement is effective in reducing symptoms of prolonged grief disorder and accompanying syndromes in a timely, easily realizable manner and addresses specific challenges of bereavement to illness. [...] Internet-based treatments offer an effective, flexible, and more anonymous approach for addressing mental health issues, which may help overcome treatment barriers for those with PGD. [...] Web-based bereavement care targeted specifically at those with PGD after a cancer experience should be further examined.
#35 JMIR Mental Health – Therapist-Assisted Web-Based Intervention for Prolonged Grief Disorder After Cancer Bereavement: Randomized Controlled Trial
https://mental.jmir.org/2022/2/e27642
The effectiveness of the resulting therapist-assisted web-based intervention was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial to extend previous findings on bereavement care to the specific situation of cancer bereavement. […] The intervention proved effective in reducing symptoms of PGD to a clinically significant extent compared with a WCG. […] A low-threshold, acceptable, and effective web-based intervention may reduce treatment barriers and improve the mental health care situation of those affected. […] It proved effective in decreasing the symptoms of PGD and accompanying syndromes to a clinically significant extent in a relatively short treatment duration of 5 weeks. […] Therefore, it is suitable to reduce the treatment gap for those with PGD after a loss due to illness.
#36 JMIR Mental Health – Therapist-Assisted Web-Based Intervention for Prolonged Grief Disorder After Cancer Bereavement: Randomized Controlled Trial
https://mental.jmir.org/2022/2/e27642
Background: Bereavement due to cancer increases the risk of prolonged grief disorder. However, specialized treatment options for prolonged grief after a loss due to illness are still scarce. […] The intervention reduced symptoms of prolonged grief (intention-to-treat: P<.001; 2=0.34; Cohen d=0.80) to a clinically significant extent. [...] The web-based intervention for prolonged grief after cancer bereavement is effective in reducing symptoms of prolonged grief disorder and accompanying syndromes in a timely, easily realizable manner and addresses specific challenges of bereavement to illness. [...] Internet-based treatments offer an effective, flexible, and more anonymous approach for addressing mental health issues, which may help overcome treatment barriers for those with PGD. [...] Web-based bereavement care targeted specifically at those with PGD after a cancer experience should be further examined.
#37 Complicated Grief Therapy and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review
https://pjpr.scione.com/cms/fulltext.php?id=957
The pandemic’s long-lasting effects on mental health call for continued study and use of CGT in order to help people who are currently struggling with complicated grief and to strengthen their ability to endure resilience in the future. […] Grief intervention effectiveness studies indicate that grief interventions should be tailored according to the needs, readiness for treatment, and the nature of loss for individuals undergoing loss. […] CGT is reported to be an evidence-based approach for complicated grief conditions. […] The current systematic literature review aims to examine the evidence regarding CGT during COVID-19. […] The therapeutic process depends on different therapeutic options available such as CGT, CBT, and DBT during COVID-19. […] Thus, Kaur-Aujla et al., (2022) defined the proposal of Shear and Shair regarding a 16-session module of CGT which has shown to be an effective targeted strategy for combating complicated grief symptoms related to COVID-19. […] This study also analysed prevention strategies including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Accelerated Resolution Therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and CGT.
#38 Complicated Grief Therapy and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review
https://pjpr.scione.com/cms/fulltext.php?id=957
The pandemic’s long-lasting effects on mental health call for continued study and use of CGT in order to help people who are currently struggling with complicated grief and to strengthen their ability to endure resilience in the future. […] Grief intervention effectiveness studies indicate that grief interventions should be tailored according to the needs, readiness for treatment, and the nature of loss for individuals undergoing loss. […] CGT is reported to be an evidence-based approach for complicated grief conditions. […] The current systematic literature review aims to examine the evidence regarding CGT during COVID-19. […] The therapeutic process depends on different therapeutic options available such as CGT, CBT, and DBT during COVID-19. […] Thus, Kaur-Aujla et al., (2022) defined the proposal of Shear and Shair regarding a 16-session module of CGT which has shown to be an effective targeted strategy for combating complicated grief symptoms related to COVID-19. […] This study also analysed prevention strategies including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Accelerated Resolution Therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and CGT.
#39 Complicated Grief Therapy and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review
https://pjpr.scione.com/cms/fulltext.php?id=957
The pandemic’s long-lasting effects on mental health call for continued study and use of CGT in order to help people who are currently struggling with complicated grief and to strengthen their ability to endure resilience in the future. […] Grief intervention effectiveness studies indicate that grief interventions should be tailored according to the needs, readiness for treatment, and the nature of loss for individuals undergoing loss. […] CGT is reported to be an evidence-based approach for complicated grief conditions. […] The current systematic literature review aims to examine the evidence regarding CGT during COVID-19. […] The therapeutic process depends on different therapeutic options available such as CGT, CBT, and DBT during COVID-19. […] Thus, Kaur-Aujla et al., (2022) defined the proposal of Shear and Shair regarding a 16-session module of CGT which has shown to be an effective targeted strategy for combating complicated grief symptoms related to COVID-19. […] This study also analysed prevention strategies including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Accelerated Resolution Therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and CGT.
#40 Complicated Grief: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment
https://laopcenter.com/mental-health/disorder/complicated-grief/
Complicated grief, also known as prolonged grief disorder or persistent complex bereavement disorder, is characterized by an intense, prolonged mourning process that significantly impairs daily functioning. […] Treatment for complicated grief primarily involves psychotherapy tailored specifically for this condition, often referred to as complex grief therapy. […] Yes, you can prevent complicated grief, although it requires proactive measures and support, according to Wittouck C et al.s 2011 study entitled, The Prevention and Treatment of Complicated Grief, published in the Clin Psychol Rev Journal. Engaging in open conversations with mental health professionals shortly after a loss helps individuals process their emotions and establish coping strategies, which mitigate the risk of developing complicated grief. […] Addressing complicated grief often requires a multifaceted approach involving psychotherapy, medication, and community support to facilitate recovery and reintegration into daily life.
#41 Treatment Program for Complicated Grief | St. Joseph Institute for Addiction
https://stjosephinstitute.com/complicated-grief-treatment/
Complicated grief is challenging, and it can significantly impact an individualâs well-being. […] At St. Joseph Institute, we understand that addressing complicated grief often requires a multifaceted approach involving psychotherapy, support groups, and sometimes medication. […] Treatment will likely include: […] Complicated Grief Therapy (CGT): A specialized form of therapy designed to specifically target and alleviate symptoms of complicated grief. CGT focuses on helping individuals adapt to the loss, change maladaptive beliefs, and promote healthy coping mechanisms. […] If you or someone you know is struggling with complicated grief, reach out to our mental health professionals in Port Matilda. Let us help you or your loved one find happiness, health, and hope for the future.
#42 A public health perspective on Prolonged Grief Disorder | Pursuit | University of Michigan School of Public Health | Public Health Sciences | Bachelor of Science | Mental Health | Grief | Well-being | Healthcare
https://sph.umich.edu/pursuit/2023posts/public-health-perspective-on-prolonged-grief-disorder.html
PGD can prevent healthy adjustment following the death of a loved one, and PGD is associated with major public health concerns, such as increased suicidality and suicidal thinking, risk for cardiovascular health, and substance misuse for bereaved individuals. […] One of these factors was COVID-19, with many bereavement experts believing that the unprecedented amount of deaths from COVID-19 would lead to an increase in incidences of PGD making PGD a major public health concern. […] For any treatments and interventions pertaining to PGD, it is important to help facilitate adaptive grief reactions and promote healthy coping techniques for bereaved individuals. Potential treatments for PGD include Prolonged Grief Disorder Therapy (PGDT), which focuses on seven Healing Milestones that include understanding grief, managing emotions, seeing a promising future, strengthening relationships, narrating the story of the death, learning to live with reminders, and connecting with memories of the person who died.
#43 Complicated Grief Therapy and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review
https://pjpr.scione.com/cms/fulltext.php?id=957
The advent of specialized grief treatments has led to the novel intervention of Complicated Grief Therapy (CGT) to treat maladaptive rumination and counterfactual thinking related to Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD). […] The seven studies that met the criteria showed that CGT is an effective measure to cope with complicated grief during the pandemic. […] This study provides an effective treatment solution and healing for people afflicted with grief and may serve as a novel treatment for family members during the pandemic. […] The lack of historical work on complicated grief due to SARS, MERS or any other viral outbreaks is likely due to lack of recognition of prolonged grief disorder in the Diagnostic and Classification System (DSM), despite a debate to consider CG in the DSM since 2003.
#44 Complicated Grief Therapy and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review
https://pjpr.scione.com/cms/fulltext.php?id=957
The advent of specialized grief treatments has led to the novel intervention of Complicated Grief Therapy (CGT) to treat maladaptive rumination and counterfactual thinking related to Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD). […] The seven studies that met the criteria showed that CGT is an effective measure to cope with complicated grief during the pandemic. […] This study provides an effective treatment solution and healing for people afflicted with grief and may serve as a novel treatment for family members during the pandemic. […] The lack of historical work on complicated grief due to SARS, MERS or any other viral outbreaks is likely due to lack of recognition of prolonged grief disorder in the Diagnostic and Classification System (DSM), despite a debate to consider CG in the DSM since 2003.
#45 Complicated Grief Therapy and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review
https://pjpr.scione.com/cms/fulltext.php?id=957
The advent of specialized grief treatments has led to the novel intervention of Complicated Grief Therapy (CGT) to treat maladaptive rumination and counterfactual thinking related to Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD). […] The seven studies that met the criteria showed that CGT is an effective measure to cope with complicated grief during the pandemic. […] This study provides an effective treatment solution and healing for people afflicted with grief and may serve as a novel treatment for family members during the pandemic. […] The lack of historical work on complicated grief due to SARS, MERS or any other viral outbreaks is likely due to lack of recognition of prolonged grief disorder in the Diagnostic and Classification System (DSM), despite a debate to consider CG in the DSM since 2003.
#46 Complicated Grief Therapy and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review
https://pjpr.scione.com/cms/fulltext.php?id=957
The pandemic’s long-lasting effects on mental health call for continued study and use of CGT in order to help people who are currently struggling with complicated grief and to strengthen their ability to endure resilience in the future. […] Grief intervention effectiveness studies indicate that grief interventions should be tailored according to the needs, readiness for treatment, and the nature of loss for individuals undergoing loss. […] CGT is reported to be an evidence-based approach for complicated grief conditions. […] The current systematic literature review aims to examine the evidence regarding CGT during COVID-19. […] The therapeutic process depends on different therapeutic options available such as CGT, CBT, and DBT during COVID-19. […] Thus, Kaur-Aujla et al., (2022) defined the proposal of Shear and Shair regarding a 16-session module of CGT which has shown to be an effective targeted strategy for combating complicated grief symptoms related to COVID-19. […] This study also analysed prevention strategies including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Accelerated Resolution Therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and CGT.
#47 Complicated grief – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/complicated-grief/symptoms-causes/syc-20360374
It’s not clear how to prevent complicated grief. Getting counseling soon after a loss may help, especially for people at increased risk of developing complicated grief. In addition, caregivers providing end-of-life care for a loved one may benefit from counseling and support to help prepare for death and its emotional aftermath. […] Through early counseling after a loss, you can explore emotions surrounding your loss and learn healthy coping skills. This may help prevent negative thoughts and beliefs from gaining such a strong hold that they’re difficult to overcome.
#48 Complicated Grief, Loss and Suicide 2.0 – Light University
https://lightuniversity.com/continuing-education/complicated-grief-loss-and-suicide-2-0/
Losing a loved one to suicide can be devastating and can result in a more complex grief due to feelings of guilt, anger, and betrayal. […] Complicated Grief, Loss and Suicide 2.0 will equip caregivers with the tools to help clients fully grieve and ultimately find healing from complicated losses. […] Define complicated grief and explore the prevalence of complicated grief in America, identify risk factors for complicated grief and analyze treatment strategies for complicated grief. […] Complicated grief can occur for a variety of reasons, and can manifest differently in different people. […] They also highlight risk factors and treatment strategies for mental health professionals seeking to more effectively help their clients.
#49 Complicated Grief, Loss and Suicide 2.0 – Light University
https://lightuniversity.com/continuing-education/complicated-grief-loss-and-suicide-2-0/
Losing a loved one to suicide can be devastating and can result in a more complex grief due to feelings of guilt, anger, and betrayal. […] Complicated Grief, Loss and Suicide 2.0 will equip caregivers with the tools to help clients fully grieve and ultimately find healing from complicated losses. […] Define complicated grief and explore the prevalence of complicated grief in America, identify risk factors for complicated grief and analyze treatment strategies for complicated grief. […] Complicated grief can occur for a variety of reasons, and can manifest differently in different people. […] They also highlight risk factors and treatment strategies for mental health professionals seeking to more effectively help their clients.
#50 Complicated Grief Therapy and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review
https://pjpr.scione.com/cms/fulltext.php?id=957
The pandemic’s long-lasting effects on mental health call for continued study and use of CGT in order to help people who are currently struggling with complicated grief and to strengthen their ability to endure resilience in the future. […] Grief intervention effectiveness studies indicate that grief interventions should be tailored according to the needs, readiness for treatment, and the nature of loss for individuals undergoing loss. […] CGT is reported to be an evidence-based approach for complicated grief conditions. […] The current systematic literature review aims to examine the evidence regarding CGT during COVID-19. […] The therapeutic process depends on different therapeutic options available such as CGT, CBT, and DBT during COVID-19. […] Thus, Kaur-Aujla et al., (2022) defined the proposal of Shear and Shair regarding a 16-session module of CGT which has shown to be an effective targeted strategy for combating complicated grief symptoms related to COVID-19. […] This study also analysed prevention strategies including Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Accelerated Resolution Therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and CGT.
#51 Complicated Grief: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24951-complicated-grief
Complicated grief can affect your physical health, interpersonal relationships and daily responsibilities. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy treats complicated grief. […] Complicated grief affects an estimated 7% of all adults who experience grief. […] Complicated grief can cause long-term physical and mental health concerns that could include: Depression, Anxiety, Malnutrition or dehydration, Post-traumatic stress disorder, Heart disease, High blood pressure, Substance use disorder or alcohol use disorder. […] Theres no known way to prevent complicated grief. You can reduce your risk of developing complicated grief by: Talking with a mental health professional after a loss, Building a support system of loved ones, Joining a bereavement group after a loss.
#52 Complicated Grief Treatment | Peachtree Wellness Solutions
https://peachtreewellnessmh.com/programs/complicated-grief-treatment/
If someone is going through the initial stages of grief, it can prove important to try to protect themselves from it developing into complicated grief. Important ways a person can try to avoid complicated grief include having people they can confide in about their feelings. […] Seeking specialized grief treatment can transform your healing journey, providing structure and support when grief feels overwhelming. […] Our approach honors your unique grief experience while providing the therapeutic tools and compassionate guidance needed to process your loss and gradually rediscover meaning in life.
#53
https://drpress.org/ojs/index.php/EHSS/article/view/12418
Complicated grief treatment can be an effective way to treat PGD, but its response rate can be better, if future studies can confirm its real working factors and examine the treatment in a larger and more diverse sample group. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) targeted at CG shows promising outcomes. However, its response rate should also be improved in the future. […] Future study can try to confirm its true therapeutic factors. […] The prevention and treatment of complicated grief: a meta-analysis. […] Treatment for complicated grief: state of the science and ways forward.
#54
https://drpress.org/ojs/index.php/EHSS/article/view/12418
Complicated grief treatment can be an effective way to treat PGD, but its response rate can be better, if future studies can confirm its real working factors and examine the treatment in a larger and more diverse sample group. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) targeted at CG shows promising outcomes. However, its response rate should also be improved in the future. […] Future study can try to confirm its true therapeutic factors. […] The prevention and treatment of complicated grief: a meta-analysis. […] Treatment for complicated grief: state of the science and ways forward.
#55
https://drpress.org/ojs/index.php/EHSS/article/view/12418
Complicated grief treatment can be an effective way to treat PGD, but its response rate can be better, if future studies can confirm its real working factors and examine the treatment in a larger and more diverse sample group. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) targeted at CG shows promising outcomes. However, its response rate should also be improved in the future. […] Future study can try to confirm its true therapeutic factors. […] The prevention and treatment of complicated grief: a meta-analysis. […] Treatment for complicated grief: state of the science and ways forward.
#56 A public health perspective on Prolonged Grief Disorder | Pursuit | University of Michigan School of Public Health | Public Health Sciences | Bachelor of Science | Mental Health | Grief | Well-being | Healthcare
https://sph.umich.edu/pursuit/2023posts/public-health-perspective-on-prolonged-grief-disorder.html
PGD is a public health issue that can lead to significant adverse physical and mental health problems for years to come. Not only have millions of Americans lost loved ones to the COVID-19 pandemic (including more than over 200,000 children who lost a parent to COVID-related deaths), but many others continue to lose loved ones every day to other public health issues, such as chronic diseases (e.g., heart disease and cancer), gun violence (e.g., homicide and suicide), and drug overdoses. Bereaved individuals with PGD should be provided with the assistance and support needed in order to prevent adverse health outcomes, while also promoting adaptive grief reactions that can help them reintegrate into a life without this important person they lost.
#57 A public health perspective on Prolonged Grief Disorder | Pursuit | University of Michigan School of Public Health | Public Health Sciences | Bachelor of Science | Mental Health | Grief | Well-being | Healthcare
https://sph.umich.edu/pursuit/2023posts/public-health-perspective-on-prolonged-grief-disorder.html
PGD is a public health issue that can lead to significant adverse physical and mental health problems for years to come. Not only have millions of Americans lost loved ones to the COVID-19 pandemic (including more than over 200,000 children who lost a parent to COVID-related deaths), but many others continue to lose loved ones every day to other public health issues, such as chronic diseases (e.g., heart disease and cancer), gun violence (e.g., homicide and suicide), and drug overdoses. Bereaved individuals with PGD should be provided with the assistance and support needed in order to prevent adverse health outcomes, while also promoting adaptive grief reactions that can help them reintegrate into a life without this important person they lost.