Przewlekłe codzienne bóle głowy

Przewlekłe codzienne bóle głowy
Epidemiologia

Przewlekły ból głowy (CDH) definiowany jest jako ból występujący ≥15 dni/miesiąc przez ≥3 miesiące, trwający co najmniej 4 godziny dziennie. CDH obejmuje podtypy takie jak przewlekła migrena (1,5-2% populacji), przewlekły ból głowy typu napięciowego (2,5-3%), hemikrania ciągła, nowy codzienny uporczywy ból głowy (NDPH, 0,03-0,1%) oraz klasterowy ból głowy (0,1-0,3%). Epidemiologicznie CDH dotyka 1-5% populacji światowej, z wyższą częstością u kobiet (5-9%) niż u mężczyzn (1-3%), szczególnie w wieku 30-50 lat. W USA około 39 milionów osób cierpi na CDH, a wśród pacjentów klinik bólu głowy 40% spełnia kryteria CDH, z 80% stanowiącymi kobiety. Nadużywanie leków przeciwbólowych jest istotnym czynnikiem, występującym u 30-50% pacjentów z CDH, zwłaszcza w przewlekłej migrenie, z krytyczną dawką tryptanów około 18 dawek/miesiąc przez 1,7 roku. Czynniki ryzyka obejmują otyłość, depresję, obturacyjny bezdech senny, nadciśnienie, cukrzycę oraz stres, który wyzwala ból u 48-66% pacjentów.

Charakterystyka i definicja przewlekłego bólu głowy

Przewlekły ból głowy (ang. Chronic Daily Headache, CDH) to termin opisujący grupę zaburzeń bólowych charakteryzujących się występowaniem bólu głowy przez co najmniej 15 dni w miesiącu, przez okres minimum trzech miesięcy, trwającego co najmniej 4 godziny dziennie.¹²³ Jest to termin opisowy, obejmujący kilka specyficznych rozpoznań, a nie konkretny typ bólu głowy. W zależności od czasu trwania bólu, CDH dzieli się na podtypy o długim czasie trwania (powyżej 4 godzin), które obejmują: przewlekłą migrenę, przewlekły ból głowy typu napięciowego, hemikranię ciągłą oraz nowy codzienny uporczywy ból głowy.⁴

Należy zaznaczyć, że termin „przewlekły” w przypadku CDH może odnosić się zarówno do częstości występowania bólów głowy, jak i do czasu trwania choroby, w zależności od konkretnego typu bólu.⁵ Międzynarodowa Klasyfikacja Bólów Głowy (ICHD-3) uwzględnia przewlekły ból głowy jako istotny problem kliniczny, klasyfikując go według ściśle określonych kryteriów diagnostycznych.⁶

Epidemiologia globalna przewlekłego bólu głowy

Przewlekły ból głowy występuje u około 1-5% całej populacji światowej. Szacuje się, że problem ten dotyczy około 39 milionów osób w Stanach Zjednoczonych i 1 miliarda osób na całym świecie.⁷⁸ Badania epidemiologiczne wskazują, że częstość występowania CDH w populacji ogólnej wynosi około 4-5%, przy czym u kobiet odsetek ten może sięgać nawet 8-9%.⁹¹⁰

W różnych regionach świata obserwuje się pewne zróżnicowanie w rozpowszechnieniu CDH. W krajach azjatyckich wskaźniki chorobowości wahają się między 1,0% a 3,9%,¹¹ podczas gdy w Europie częstość występowania CDH wynosi około 4%.¹² W badaniu przeprowadzonym w Korei wykazano roczną chorobowość na poziomie 1,8%.¹³ Natomiast w krajach zachodnich, jak Stany Zjednoczone, szacuje się, że nawet 5% populacji cierpi na przewlekłe bóle głowy.¹⁴

Różnice płciowe i wiekowe w epidemiologii CDH

Przewlekły ból głowy wykazuje wyraźne różnice w występowaniu w zależności od płci. Wskaźniki chorobowości u kobiet są 3-5 razy wyższe niż u mężczyzn.¹⁵ W Stanach Zjednoczonych CDH występuje o 33% częściej u kobiet niż u mężczyzn, a częstość występowania u kobiet waha się od 5% do 9%, w porównaniu z 1% do 3% u mężczyzn.¹⁶

Co ciekawe, różne podtypy przewlekłego bólu głowy mogą wykazywać odmienne proporcje płci:

Przewlekła migrena i przewlekły ból głowy typu napięciowego: dominacja kobiet w stosunku około 3:1¹⁷
Hemikrania ciągła: stosunek kobiet do mężczyzn 2:1, z największą częstością diagnozowania w trzeciej dekadzie życia¹⁸
Przewlekły ból głowy klasterowy: częściej u mężczyzn, choć występuje również u kobiet (u kobiet często towarzyszą mu nudności i wymioty, co może prowadzić do początkowego błędnego rozpoznania jako migreny)¹⁹
Nowy codzienny uporczywy ból głowy (NDPH): stosunek kobiet do mężczyzn wynosi około 1,3-2,5:1, choć niektóre badania z Japonii i Indii wskazują na bardziej wyrównany stosunek 0,8:1²⁰

W odniesieniu do wieku, CDH najczęściej występuje u osób w średnim wieku, między 30 a 50 rokiem życia.²¹ Szczyt zachorowań różni się w zależności od podtypu bólu głowy. Średni wiek wystąpienia NDPH u dorosłych wynosi 32,4 lat u kobiet i 35,8 lat u mężczyzn, podczas gdy w populacji pediatrycznej jest to około 14,2 lat.²² Co istotne, przewlekły ból głowy występuje również u dzieci i młodzieży z częstością 7-17%.²³ Do wieku 12 lat częstość występowania jest podobna u chłopców i dziewcząt, po czym zaczyna dominować u płci żeńskiej.²⁴

Różnice etniczne i socjoekonomiczne

W Stanach Zjednoczonych przewlekły ból głowy jest o 33% częstszy u osób rasy białej.²⁵ Większość opisanych pacjentów z NDPH (80-98%) to osoby rasy kaukaskiej.²⁶ Badania wykazały również, że częstość występowania przewlekłego bólu głowy jest wyższa wśród osób o niższym statusie społeczno-ekonomicznym.²⁷ W przypadku bólu głowy typu napięciowego, wyższe wskaźniki odnotowano wśród osób dorosłych, kobiet, osób stanu wolnego, mieszkańców obszarów wiejskich oraz osób o niskim statusie społeczno-ekonomicznym.²⁸

Epidemiologia poszczególnych podtypów przewlekłego bólu głowy

W ramach CDH można wyróżnić kilka głównych podtypów, których częstość występowania różni się znacząco:

Przewlekła migrena i przewlekły ból głowy typu napięciowego

Dwa najczęstsze podtypy CDH to przewlekła migrena (transformed migraine, TM) i przewlekły ból głowy typu napięciowego (chronic tension-type headache, CTTH). Ich rozpowszechnienie w populacji ogólnej wynosi odpowiednio 1,5-2% dla przewlekłej migreny i 2,5-3% dla przewlekłego bólu głowy typu napięciowego.²⁹ Wśród pacjentów zgłaszających się do specjalistycznych klinik leczenia bólu głowy, aż 40% spełnia kryteria CDH, z czego 80% to kobiety.³⁰

W populacji ogólnej proporcje przewlekłego bólu głowy typu napięciowego i przewlekłej migreny są dość zbliżone.³¹ Migrena występuje u około 12-18% ludzi na świecie, przy czym w Europie i Ameryce Północnej dotyka 5-9% mężczyzn i 12-25% kobiet.³² Natomiast przewlekły ból głowy typu napięciowego występuje u około 3,3% dorosłych.³³

Nowy codzienny uporczywy ból głowy (NDPH)

Nowy codzienny uporczywy ból głowy (NDPH) charakteryzuje się nagłym początkiem bólu, który staje się codziennym zjawiskiem, jest nieustępliwy i ciągły od początku, oraz trwa przez ponad 3 miesiące.³⁴ Jest to stosunkowo rzadki podtyp CDH, z częstością występowania w populacji ogólnej między 0,03% a 0,1%.³⁵³⁶ W pierwszym badaniu populacyjnym NDPH, opublikowanym w 1999 roku przez Castillo i wsp., wykorzystującym kryteria Silberstein-Lipton na 1883 osobach z populacji ogólnej w Hiszpanii, stwierdzono roczną chorobowość NDPH na poziomie 0,1%.³⁷

Wśród pacjentów z przewlekłym bólem głowy, odsetek NDPH waha się od 2,24% do 11%.³⁸ Co ciekawe, badania w ośrodkach zajmujących się leczeniem bólu głowy sugerują, że występowanie NDPH u dzieci i młodzieży jest wyższe niż u dorosłych. Wśród pacjentów z przewlekłym codziennym bólem głowy, częstość NDPH wynosi 21-28% u dzieci w porównaniu z 1,7-10,8% u dorosłych pacjentów.³⁹

Przewlekły ból głowy klasterowy

Bóle głowy klasterowe są stosunkowo rzadkie i dotykają tylko 1-3 na 1000 osób na świecie. Występują około trzy razy częściej u mężczyzn niż u kobiet.⁴⁰ Jak wspomniano wcześniej, przewlekły ból głowy klasterowy występuje częściej u mężczyzn, choć jest również doświadczany przez kobiety, u których często współwystępują nudności i wymioty, co może prowadzić do początkowego błędnego rozpoznania jako migreny.⁴¹

Nadużywanie leków i przewlekły ból głowy

Istotnym aspektem epidemiologii przewlekłego bólu głowy jest jego związek z nadużywaniem leków. Ból głowy z nadużywania leków (medication overuse headache, MOH) to ból występujący przez 15 lub więcej dni w miesiącu u pacjenta z wcześniej istniejącym pierwotnym bólem głowy, rozwijający się jako konsekwencja regularnego nadużywania doraźnych lub objawowych leków przeciwbólowych przez okres dłuższy niż trzy miesiące.⁴²

Około 30-50% pacjentów, u których rozwija się przewlekły ból głowy, cierpi na ból głowy z nadużywania leków.⁴³ Ogólnie, wśród osób cierpiących na przewlekły ból głowy, 63% stosowało leki przez 14 lub więcej dni w miesiącu w próbie leczenia swoich bólów głowy.⁴⁴

W przeciwieństwie do danych z wyspecjalizowanych klinik, tylko około jedna czwarta osób z CDH w populacji ogólnej nadużywa środków przeciwbólowych; częstość występowania CDH z nadużywaniem leków przeciwbólowych wynosi 1,1-1,9% populacji ogólnej. Większość tych pacjentów z nadużywaniem leków przeciwbólowych to pacjenci z przewlekłą migreną.⁴⁵

Warto zauważyć, że szacowana średnia krytyczna dawka i czas stosowania dla tryptanów wynoszą 18 dawek miesięcznie i 1,7 roku, w porównaniu ze 114 dawkami miesięcznie i 4,8 roku dla prostych środków przeciwbólowych.⁴⁶

Czynniki ryzyka i chorobowość współistniejąca

Przewlekłe migreny są związane z istotnymi chorobami współistniejącymi, w tym otyłością, obturacyjnym bezdechem sennym, depresją, przewlekłymi zaburzeniami bólowymi i chorobami układu sercowo-naczyniowego.⁴⁷ Najsilniejszymi czynnikami predykcyjnymi progresji bólu głowy są częste epizody bólu głowy na początku oraz nadużywanie leków.⁴⁸

Przewlekły ból, szczególnie ból mięśniowo-szkieletowy, oraz otyłość są silnie związane z chronifikacją bólu głowy.⁴⁹ Inne czynniki ryzyka obejmują nadciśnienie tętnicze, alergie, cukrzycę i niedoczynność tarczycy.⁵⁰

Stres i inne czynniki wyzwalające

Badania wykazały, że stres jest czynnikiem wyzwalającym w 66% przypadków przewlekłego bólu głowy typu napięciowego i 48% przypadków przewlekłej migreny. Deprywacja snu jest czynnikiem wyzwalającym w 11% przypadków przewlekłego bólu głowy typu napięciowego i 35% przypadków przewlekłej migreny, a jasne światło w 5,26% przypadków przewlekłego bólu głowy typu napięciowego i 15% przypadków przewlekłej migreny.⁵¹

Nadmterne korzystanie z urządzeń elektronicznych wiąże się z występowaniem bólu głowy u młodzieży (powyżej 10 roku życia).⁵² Dodatnie wywiad rodzinny stwierdzono u 13,63% pacjentów.⁵³

Następstwa i obciążenie społeczno-ekonomiczne

Przewlekły ból głowy jest istotnym problemem zdrowia publicznego o znaczącym wpływie społeczno-ekonomicznym. Zaburzenia bólu głowy mają duże obciążenie globalne, przy czym zarówno ostre, jak i przewlekłe bóle głowy są najbardziej rozpowszechnione między okresem nastoletnim a piątą dekadą życia.⁵⁴

Przewlekły ból głowy może prowadzić do znacznego upośledzenia funkcjonowania i obniżenia jakości życia. Według jednego z badań, średni wynik w skali Ped MIDAS wynosił 20; przy czym 72,63% pacjentów miało łagodną niesprawność, 33% umiarkowaną, a 5% dzieci miało niewielką lub żadną niesprawność.⁵⁵

Przewlekłe codzienne bóle głowy, szczególnie przewlekła migrena z nadużywaniem leków, wiążą się z niższą jakością życia, większą niepełnosprawnością i niższą wydajnością w miejscu pracy w porównaniu z innymi rodzajami bólów głowy.⁵⁶ Wpływ codziennych bólów głowy wykracza poza dyskomfort fizyczny; mogą one prowadzić również do problemów psychospołecznych, takich jak lęk i depresja. Osoby cierpiące na przewlekłe bóle głowy mogą doświadczać zmniejszonej produktywności, napięć w relacjach i obniżonej jakości życia.⁵⁷

Nadzór i diagnostyka w przewlekłym bólu głowy

Diagnoza przewlekłego bólu głowy wymaga systematycznego podejścia. Różnicowanie CDH jest wymagające i powinno przebiegać w uporządkowany sposób.⁵⁸ Kluczowe jest wykluczenie wtórnych przyczyn bólu głowy i dokładna ocena cech klinicznych.

Diagnostyka obrazowa i wykluczenie wtórnych przyczyn

Badania obrazowe należy rozważyć, jeśli obecne są tzw. czerwone flagi, które mogą sugerować wtórną przyczynę bólu głowy lub ból głowy wymagający bardziej natychmiastowej oceny.⁵⁹ Najbardziej użytecznym badaniem jest rezonans magnetyczny (MRI), który jest bardziej czuły niż tomografia komputerowa w wykrywaniu wielu wtórnych przyczyn przewlekłego bólu głowy.⁶⁰

Diagnostyka wtórnych przyczyn NDPH powinna być dokładna i skupiona na częstych przyczynach, które mogą potencjalnie zmienić postępowanie medyczne. MRI mózgu jest zwykle warte przeprowadzenia, szczególnie u osób z deficytami neurologicznymi, nieprawidłowymi wynikami badań (np. obrzęk tarczy nerwu wzrokowego) lub podejrzeniem zaburzeń nadciśnienia lub niedociśnienia wewnątrzczaszkowego.⁶¹

Stany, które mogą powodować wtórny przewlekły codzienny ból głowy, obejmują: zapalenie lub skurcz tętnic, zakrzepy żylne, infekcje, takie jak zapalenie opon mózgowych, nieprawidłowo wysokie lub niskie ciśnienie wewnątrzczaszkowe, guzy mózgu i pourazowe uszkodzenia mózgu.⁶²

Różnicowanie podtypów CDH

Różnicowanie podtypów CDH jest kluczowe dla właściwego leczenia. Większość pacjentów z przewlekłym bólem głowy o długim czasie trwania ma migreny lub bóle głowy typu napięciowego.⁶³ Przewlekłe migreny występują u pacjentów z historią migren, którzy mają szybką lub stopniową progresję do przewlekłego codziennego bólu głowy.⁶⁴ Bóle głowy typu napięciowego charakteryzują się potylicznym lub obustronnym dyskomfortem przypominającym opaskę, który narasta powoli i może utrzymywać się przez kilka dni.⁶⁵

Przewlekły ból głowy krótkotrwały obejmuje trójdzielno-autonomiczne bóle głowy i krótkotrwałe zespoły bólu głowy.⁶⁶ Diagnostyka różnicowa CDH powinna uwzględniać również możliwość wtórnych bólów głowy, takich jak ból głowy z nadużywania leków, pourazowy ból głowy, ból głowy pochodzenia szyjnego i inne poważniejsze przyczyny, takie jak rozwarstwienie tętnicy, guz i niedociśnienie wewnątrzczaszkowe z powodu wycieku płynu mózgowo-rdzeniowego lub guz rzekomy mózgu.⁶⁷

Trendy i wyzwania w nadzorze epidemiologicznym CDH

Epidemiologia przewlekłego bólu głowy stwarza pewne wyzwania badawcze. Częstość występowania bólu głowy różni się znacznie w zależności od sposobu przeprowadzenia badania, przy czym badania wykazują częstość występowania w ciągu życia od 8% do nawet 96%.⁶⁸ Dlatego ważne jest stosowanie standaryzowanych metod i kryteriów diagnostycznych w badaniach epidemiologicznych.

Rozpowszechnienie podtypów przewlekłego bólu głowy pokazane w badaniach populacyjnych różni się od danych uzyskanych z klinik bólu głowy, co podkreśla, że należy zachować ostrożność przy ekstrapolacji danych z wyspecjalizowanych jednostek na populację ogólną.⁶⁹⁷⁰

Każdego roku 3-4% pacjentów z epizodyczną migreną lub bólami głowy typu napięciowego przechodzi do form przewlekłych.⁷¹ Najsilniejszymi czynnikami predykcyjnymi progresji bólu głowy są częste epizody bólu głowy na początku oraz nadużywanie leków.⁷²

Wyzwania w leczeniu i nadzorze

Leczenie przewlekłego bólu głowy stanowi wyzwanie ze względu na złożoność stanu i często współistniejące nadużywanie leków. Mniej niż połowa osób z CDH w jednym z badań korzystała z konsultacji medycznych. Ponadto znacząca część osób z CDH albo nie leczyła swoich bólów głowy, albo stosowała tylko leki dostępne bez recepty.⁷³

Promowanie konsultacji lekarskich w przypadku CDH i zwiększanie świadomości społecznej może zmniejszyć obciążenie związane z CDH.⁷⁴ Edukacja na temat bólu głowy spowodowanego nadużywaniem leków jest niezbędna.⁷⁵

Najczęstsze powikłania przewlekłego bólu głowy, poza tymi związanymi z nieleczonym bólem, to działania niepożądane wywołane przez leki.⁷⁶ W związku z tym ważne jest monitorowanie nadużywania leków i właściwe zarządzanie farmakoterapią w ramach nadzoru klinicznego.

Badania i przyszłość nadzoru epidemiologicznego

Epidemiologia przewlekłego bólu głowy ujawnia rozpowszechniony problem, który wymaga dalszych badań i inicjatyw w zakresie zdrowia publicznego. Potrzeba skutecznych strategii zarządzania jest najważniejsza, aby złagodzić obciążenie jednostek i społeczeństwa jako całości.⁷⁷

Przewlekły codzienny ból głowy jest wieloaspektowym, często złożonym zespołem bólowym u dzieci i młodzieży, który może być pierwotny lub wtórny. Wieloczynnikowy charakter CDH czyni go dobrym kandydatem do wieloosiowego systemu klasyfikacji. Takie podejście powinno ułatwić biopsychospołeczne zarządzanie i zwiększyć spójność w badaniach klinicznych.⁷⁸

Przyszłe badania powinny skupić się na lepszym zrozumieniu mechanizmów zaangażowanych w przekształcanie pierwotnych bólów głowy w przewlekłe codzienne bóle głowy, ponieważ każdy z nich ma różne mechanizmy w powstawaniu przewlekłych codziennych bólów głowy.⁷⁹ Istnieje również potrzeba większej liczby badań nad skutecznością różnych strategii leczenia, szczególnie w populacji pediatrycznej, gdzie dane są bardziej ograniczone.

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Materiały źródłowe

#1
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11916-001-0070-6
Daily or near-daily headache is a widespread problem in clinical practice. The general term of chronic daily headache (CDH) encompasses those primary headaches presenting more than 15 days per month and lasting more than 4 hours per day. CDH includes transformed migraine (TM), chronic tension-type headache (CTTH), new daily persistent headache (NDPH), and hemicrania continua (HC). Around 40% of patients attending a specialized headache clinic meet CDH diagnostic criteria, of which 80% are women. […] CDH prevalence in the general population seems to be around 4% to 5% (up to 8% to 9% for women). Regarding the prevalence of CDH subtypes, NDPH is rare (0.1%), whereas the prevalence of TM (1.5% to 2%) and CTTH (2.5% to 3%) is clearly higher. […] In contrast to data from specialized clinics, only around a quarter of CDH subjects in the general population overuse analgesics; the prevalence of CDH subjects with analgesic overuse being 1.1% to 1.9% of the general population. Most of these patients with analgesic overuse are TM patients.
#2 The differential diagnosis of chronic daily headaches: an algorithm-based approach | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1007/s10194-007-0418-3
Chronic daily headaches (CDHs) refers to primary headaches that happen on at least 15 days per month, for 4 or more hours per day, for at least three consecutive months. […] CDH is the third most common primary headache in the population, with an overall prevalence ranging from 4% to 5%. […] The differential diagnosis of CDHs is challenging and should proceed in an orderly fashion. […] The differential diagnosis of CDHs is challenging and requires a systematic approach. Herein we presented an algorithm-based approach to the differential diagnosis of the CDHs, which should help physicians interested in headache to move forward quickly and safely when assessing patients with daily or almost daily headaches.
#3 Chronic daily headache: Associated syndromes, evaluation, and management – UpToDate
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/chronic-daily-headache-associated-syndromes-evaluation-and-management
Chronic daily headache (CDH) is a descriptive term that encompasses several different specific headache diagnoses characterized by frequent headaches. […] Primary CDH subtypes of long duration (ie, four hours or more) include chronic migraine, chronic tension-type headache, hemicrania continua, and new daily persistent headache. Medication overuse headache, a secondary headache disorder, frequently complicates management of multiple primary headache disorders. […] CDH is not a specific headache type, but a descriptive term that encompasses other primary and secondary headaches. The term „chronic” in CDH refers either to the frequency of headaches or to the duration of the disease, depending upon the specific headache type.
#4 Chronic daily headache: Associated syndromes, evaluation, and management – UpToDate
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/chronic-daily-headache-associated-syndromes-evaluation-and-management
Chronic daily headache (CDH) is a descriptive term that encompasses several different specific headache diagnoses characterized by frequent headaches. […] Primary CDH subtypes of long duration (ie, four hours or more) include chronic migraine, chronic tension-type headache, hemicrania continua, and new daily persistent headache. Medication overuse headache, a secondary headache disorder, frequently complicates management of multiple primary headache disorders. […] CDH is not a specific headache type, but a descriptive term that encompasses other primary and secondary headaches. The term „chronic” in CDH refers either to the frequency of headaches or to the duration of the disease, depending upon the specific headache type.
#5 Chronic daily headache: Associated syndromes, evaluation, and management – UpToDate
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/chronic-daily-headache-associated-syndromes-evaluation-and-management
Chronic daily headache (CDH) is a descriptive term that encompasses several different specific headache diagnoses characterized by frequent headaches. […] Primary CDH subtypes of long duration (ie, four hours or more) include chronic migraine, chronic tension-type headache, hemicrania continua, and new daily persistent headache. Medication overuse headache, a secondary headache disorder, frequently complicates management of multiple primary headache disorders. […] CDH is not a specific headache type, but a descriptive term that encompasses other primary and secondary headaches. The term „chronic” in CDH refers either to the frequency of headaches or to the duration of the disease, depending upon the specific headache type.
#6
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12098-021-03957-5
Chronic daily headaches (CDH) is defined by the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition (ICHD-3) based on adult research. Pediatric issues including age-/gender-wise prevalence, characteristics, and effects of normal developmental continuum have less been studied. This hospital-based, observational, descriptive study done at a tertiary care center over a period of one year included 240 children (M:F=1:1.7) aged 515 y attending the OPD with CDH. Chronic tension type headache (CTTH – 53%) and chronic migraine (CM – 37%) were most common types with female predominance. Sixty-seven percent patients had bilateral headache. Sixty-three percent had steady pain and 37% had throbbing headache. Seventy percent children had moderate and 25% had severe headache. Precipitating factor was stress in 66% cases of CTTH and 48% cases of CM; sleep deprivation in 11% patients of CTTH and 35% patients of CM, and bright light in 5.26% cases of CTTH and 15% cases of CM. Excessive use of electronic devices was associated with presence of headache in adolescents (10 y) (p0.05). Family history was positive in 13.63%. Mean Ped MIDAS score was 20; 72.63% had mild, 33% had moderate, and 5% children had little or no disability.
#7 Chronic Headaches – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559083/
Chronic headaches occur in 1 to 4% of the entire population. Approximately 39 million people in the United States and 1 billion people worldwide are affected. Of patients seen in a headache clinic, 40% are diagnosed with chronic headaches. Prevalence rates in women are 3 to 5 times higher than in men. Chronic migraines are associated with significant comorbidities, including obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, depression, chronic pain disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Chronic migraine headaches also have a prevalence of 7 to 17% in children and adolescents. The prevalence is equal between boys and girls until age 12, when females predominate. Hemicrania continua is less common than chronic migraine or tension headache. It has a 2 to 1 female to male incidence, with the peak diagnosis occurring in the third decade. Chronic cluster headache occurs more often in men but is also experienced by women. Women often have nausea and vomiting associated with chronic cluster headaches and may be initially diagnosed with migraine headaches. […] Headache disorders have a large global burden. Both acute and chronic headaches are most prevalent between the teenage years and the fifth decade.
#8
https://consensus.app/questions/chronic-daily-headache/
Chronic Daily Headache (CDH) is a term used to describe a group of headache disorders characterized by the presence of headache on at least 15 days per month for a minimum of three months. CDH affects approximately 4-5% of the general population worldwide, making it a significant public health issue. The high prevalence underscores the need for effective management strategies and increased awareness among healthcare providers. Chronic daily headache is a prevalent and debilitating condition that poses significant challenges in diagnosis and management. Chronic daily headache (CDH) affects 4-5 percent of the global population and is a significant social problem, with no approved therapies and few large-scale controlled trials in this area. Chronic daily headache (CDH) affects 4% to 5% of the population and is often associated with analgesic or ergot overuse. Chronic daily headaches, particularly chronic migraine with medication overuse, are associated with lower quality of life, greater disability, and lower workplace productivity compared to other types of headaches.
#9
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11916-001-0070-6
Daily or near-daily headache is a widespread problem in clinical practice. The general term of chronic daily headache (CDH) encompasses those primary headaches presenting more than 15 days per month and lasting more than 4 hours per day. CDH includes transformed migraine (TM), chronic tension-type headache (CTTH), new daily persistent headache (NDPH), and hemicrania continua (HC). Around 40% of patients attending a specialized headache clinic meet CDH diagnostic criteria, of which 80% are women. […] CDH prevalence in the general population seems to be around 4% to 5% (up to 8% to 9% for women). Regarding the prevalence of CDH subtypes, NDPH is rare (0.1%), whereas the prevalence of TM (1.5% to 2%) and CTTH (2.5% to 3%) is clearly higher. […] In contrast to data from specialized clinics, only around a quarter of CDH subjects in the general population overuse analgesics; the prevalence of CDH subjects with analgesic overuse being 1.1% to 1.9% of the general population. Most of these patients with analgesic overuse are TM patients.
#10 (PDF) Epidemiology of Chronic Daily Headache in the General Population
https://www.academia.edu/41531196/Epidemiology_of_Chronic_Daily_Headache_in_the_General_Population
Almost 5% of the general population (9% of women) suffers from chronic daily headache, the proportion of chronic tension-type headache and transformed migraine being quite similar. […] The varieties of chronic daily headache were classified according to the second revision of IHS criteria proposed by Silberstein et al published in Neurology. […] Chronic daily headache criteria were fulfilled by 89 individuals (38.6%). […] The prevalence of chronic daily headache subtypes shown here differs from data obtained from headache clinics, emphasizing that caution is needed in extrapolating data from specialized units to the general population.
#11 Chronic Daily Headache in Korea: Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics, Medical Consultation and Management
https://www.thejcn.com/search.php?where=aview&id=10.3988/jcn.2014.10.3.236&code=0145JCN&vmode=PUBREADER
The reported prevalence of CDH in Asian countries has ranged between 1.0% and 3.9%. […] The prevalence rates of CDH were reported to be higher among individuals with a lower socioeconomic status. […] The 1-year prevalence of CDH was 1.8% and MO was associated with CDH in one-quarter of the cases in this study. […] Less than half of the subjects with CDH in the present study participated in a medical consultation. Furthermore, a significant proportion of subjects with CDH either did not treat their headaches or used only OTC medication. […] This is the first nationwide study to examine the clinical epidemiology of CDH in a general Korean population. The results of the present study indicate that promoting physician consultation for CDH and increasing public awareness may reduce the burden of CDH in Korea.
#12 Relation of hypertension with episodic primary headaches and chronic primary headaches in population of Rafsanjan cohort study | Scientific Reports
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-03377-7
Headache has a variety of types, such as episodic primary headaches (EPH) and chronic primary headache (CPH) in its primary form. […] About, 10 percent of referrals suffering headache, to clinics of general neurology have been diagnosed with chronic daily headache (CDH), which is usually associated with poor life quality. […] Some studies demonstrated the annual global prevalence of all primary headache disorders about 46%, which 3% was belonged to chronic daily headaches (CDH). […] The prevalence of CDH is reported about 2.9% in Asia and almost 4% in Europe. […] Chronic primary headache (CPH) is defined as a type of headaches that occurs 15 days a month, for 3 months. […] Therefore, it is important to identify the factors that contribute to the transformation of primary headaches into chronic daily headaches because each of them has different mechanisms in the occurrence of chronic daily headaches.
#13 Chronic Daily Headache in Korea: Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics, Medical Consultation and Management
https://www.thejcn.com/search.php?where=aview&id=10.3988/jcn.2014.10.3.236&code=0145JCN&vmode=PUBREADER
Chronic daily headache (CDH) is a commonly reported reason for visiting hospital neurology departments, but its prevalence, clinical characteristics, and management have not been well documented in Korea. The objective of this study was to characterize the 1-year prevalence, clinical characteristics, medical consultations, and treatment for CDH in Korea. […] The 1-year prevalence of CDH was 1.8% (95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.5%), and 25.7% of the subjects with CDH met the criteria for medication overuse. […] The prevalence of CDH was 1.8% and medication overuse was associated with one-quarter of CDH cases in Korea. Many subjects with CDH do not seek medical consultation and do not receive appropriate treatment for their headaches. […] Of the 1507 subjects interviewed, 27 patients were classified as having CDH (1.8% of total cases; 95% CI, 1.1-2.5%).
#14 Chronic Daily Headaches | Jan & Tom Lewis Migraine Treatment Program | Barrow Neurological InstituteGroup 9Group 9Group 49
https://www.barrowneuro.org/condition/chronic-daily-headaches/
Chronic daily headache describes a group of headache disorders in which headache pain occurs at least 15 days per month during a 3-month period. True (primary) chronic daily headaches are not caused by another condition. […] As much as 5 percent of the United States population may experience severe headaches on a daily or near-daily basis. […] Anyone can have chronic daily headaches. Although primary chronic headaches are not caused by an underlying medical condition, there are risk factors associated with developing frequent headaches. […] Medication overuse headaches usually develop in people who have an episodic headache disorder, such as migraine or tension-type headaches, and take pain medications more than two days per week. […] Conditions that may cause secondary chronic daily headaches include: Artery inflammation or spasm, Venous clots, Infections such as meningitis, Abnormally high or low intracranial pressure, Brain tumors, Traumatic brain injuries. […] Doctors are not exactly sure what causes chronic daily headaches. True, or primary, chronic daily headaches do not have a cause that can be identified. That does not, however, mean that they cannot be treated.
#15 Chronic Headaches – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559083/
Chronic headaches occur in 1 to 4% of the entire population. Approximately 39 million people in the United States and 1 billion people worldwide are affected. Of patients seen in a headache clinic, 40% are diagnosed with chronic headaches. Prevalence rates in women are 3 to 5 times higher than in men. Chronic migraines are associated with significant comorbidities, including obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, depression, chronic pain disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Chronic migraine headaches also have a prevalence of 7 to 17% in children and adolescents. The prevalence is equal between boys and girls until age 12, when females predominate. Hemicrania continua is less common than chronic migraine or tension headache. It has a 2 to 1 female to male incidence, with the peak diagnosis occurring in the third decade. Chronic cluster headache occurs more often in men but is also experienced by women. Women often have nausea and vomiting associated with chronic cluster headaches and may be initially diagnosed with migraine headaches. […] Headache disorders have a large global burden. Both acute and chronic headaches are most prevalent between the teenage years and the fifth decade.
#16 Chronic Daily Headache: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0415/p642.html
Chronic daily headache is defined as the presence of a headache on 15 days or more per month for at least three months. The most common types of chronic daily headache are chronic migraines and chronic tension-type headaches. […] Chronic daily headache is diagnosed in approximately 3% to 5% of patients presenting with acute headache. […] In the United States, chronic daily headache is 33% more common in whites and in women. […] The prevalence in women ranges from 5% to 9%, compared with 1% to 3% in men. […] Overall, among persons who have chronic daily headache, 63% have used medication on 14 days or more of the month in an attempt to treat their headaches. […] It is important to evaluate for red flags that may suggest a secondary cause of headache or a headache requiring more immediate evaluation.
#17 Chronic daily headaches • LITFL • Neurology library
https://litfl.com/chronic-daily-headaches/
Chronic daily headaches are defined as headaches which occur at least 15 days or more per month for at least three months, regardless of the underlying headache aetiology. […] Chronic daily headaches are most common among middle-aged adults between 30 and 50 years of age. The female to male ratio is around 3:1. The prevalence of chronic headache is 45%, with an incidence of 3% per year. The incidence of new onset chronic migraine in patients with episodic migraine is around 2.5% per year. […] Diagnosis of chronic daily headaches can be further complicated by secondary factors, such as medication overuse, post traumatic headache, cervicogenic headache, and other more serious causes such as arterial dissection, tumour, and intracranial hypotension from a cerebrospinal fluid leak or pseudotumor cerebri.
#18 Chronic Headaches – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559083/
Chronic headaches occur in 1 to 4% of the entire population. Approximately 39 million people in the United States and 1 billion people worldwide are affected. Of patients seen in a headache clinic, 40% are diagnosed with chronic headaches. Prevalence rates in women are 3 to 5 times higher than in men. Chronic migraines are associated with significant comorbidities, including obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, depression, chronic pain disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Chronic migraine headaches also have a prevalence of 7 to 17% in children and adolescents. The prevalence is equal between boys and girls until age 12, when females predominate. Hemicrania continua is less common than chronic migraine or tension headache. It has a 2 to 1 female to male incidence, with the peak diagnosis occurring in the third decade. Chronic cluster headache occurs more often in men but is also experienced by women. Women often have nausea and vomiting associated with chronic cluster headaches and may be initially diagnosed with migraine headaches. […] Headache disorders have a large global burden. Both acute and chronic headaches are most prevalent between the teenage years and the fifth decade.
#19 Chronic Headaches – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559083/
Chronic headaches occur in 1 to 4% of the entire population. Approximately 39 million people in the United States and 1 billion people worldwide are affected. Of patients seen in a headache clinic, 40% are diagnosed with chronic headaches. Prevalence rates in women are 3 to 5 times higher than in men. Chronic migraines are associated with significant comorbidities, including obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, depression, chronic pain disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Chronic migraine headaches also have a prevalence of 7 to 17% in children and adolescents. The prevalence is equal between boys and girls until age 12, when females predominate. Hemicrania continua is less common than chronic migraine or tension headache. It has a 2 to 1 female to male incidence, with the peak diagnosis occurring in the third decade. Chronic cluster headache occurs more often in men but is also experienced by women. Women often have nausea and vomiting associated with chronic cluster headaches and may be initially diagnosed with migraine headaches. […] Headache disorders have a large global burden. Both acute and chronic headaches are most prevalent between the teenage years and the fifth decade.
#20 New daily persistent headache: a systematic review on an enigmatic disorder | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-019-1022-z
NDPH may occur more in women than in men. According to some studies female to male ratio was 1.3-2.5:1, but two studies in Japan and India have shown female to male ratio of 0.8:1. The age of onset varies from 8 to 78 years. Mean age of onset in adults is 32.4 years in women and 35.8 years in men and 14.2 in the pediatric population. The great majority of described NDPH patients (80-98%) are Caucasian.
#21 Chronic daily headaches • LITFL • Neurology library
https://litfl.com/chronic-daily-headaches/
Chronic daily headaches are defined as headaches which occur at least 15 days or more per month for at least three months, regardless of the underlying headache aetiology. […] Chronic daily headaches are most common among middle-aged adults between 30 and 50 years of age. The female to male ratio is around 3:1. The prevalence of chronic headache is 45%, with an incidence of 3% per year. The incidence of new onset chronic migraine in patients with episodic migraine is around 2.5% per year. […] Diagnosis of chronic daily headaches can be further complicated by secondary factors, such as medication overuse, post traumatic headache, cervicogenic headache, and other more serious causes such as arterial dissection, tumour, and intracranial hypotension from a cerebrospinal fluid leak or pseudotumor cerebri.
#22 New daily persistent headache: a systematic review on an enigmatic disorder | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-019-1022-z
NDPH may occur more in women than in men. According to some studies female to male ratio was 1.3-2.5:1, but two studies in Japan and India have shown female to male ratio of 0.8:1. The age of onset varies from 8 to 78 years. Mean age of onset in adults is 32.4 years in women and 35.8 years in men and 14.2 in the pediatric population. The great majority of described NDPH patients (80-98%) are Caucasian.
#23 Chronic Headaches – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559083/
Chronic headaches occur in 1 to 4% of the entire population. Approximately 39 million people in the United States and 1 billion people worldwide are affected. Of patients seen in a headache clinic, 40% are diagnosed with chronic headaches. Prevalence rates in women are 3 to 5 times higher than in men. Chronic migraines are associated with significant comorbidities, including obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, depression, chronic pain disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Chronic migraine headaches also have a prevalence of 7 to 17% in children and adolescents. The prevalence is equal between boys and girls until age 12, when females predominate. Hemicrania continua is less common than chronic migraine or tension headache. It has a 2 to 1 female to male incidence, with the peak diagnosis occurring in the third decade. Chronic cluster headache occurs more often in men but is also experienced by women. Women often have nausea and vomiting associated with chronic cluster headaches and may be initially diagnosed with migraine headaches. […] Headache disorders have a large global burden. Both acute and chronic headaches are most prevalent between the teenage years and the fifth decade.
#24 Chronic Headaches – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559083/
Chronic headaches occur in 1 to 4% of the entire population. Approximately 39 million people in the United States and 1 billion people worldwide are affected. Of patients seen in a headache clinic, 40% are diagnosed with chronic headaches. Prevalence rates in women are 3 to 5 times higher than in men. Chronic migraines are associated with significant comorbidities, including obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, depression, chronic pain disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Chronic migraine headaches also have a prevalence of 7 to 17% in children and adolescents. The prevalence is equal between boys and girls until age 12, when females predominate. Hemicrania continua is less common than chronic migraine or tension headache. It has a 2 to 1 female to male incidence, with the peak diagnosis occurring in the third decade. Chronic cluster headache occurs more often in men but is also experienced by women. Women often have nausea and vomiting associated with chronic cluster headaches and may be initially diagnosed with migraine headaches. […] Headache disorders have a large global burden. Both acute and chronic headaches are most prevalent between the teenage years and the fifth decade.
#25 Chronic Daily Headache: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0415/p642.html
Chronic daily headache is defined as the presence of a headache on 15 days or more per month for at least three months. The most common types of chronic daily headache are chronic migraines and chronic tension-type headaches. […] Chronic daily headache is diagnosed in approximately 3% to 5% of patients presenting with acute headache. […] In the United States, chronic daily headache is 33% more common in whites and in women. […] The prevalence in women ranges from 5% to 9%, compared with 1% to 3% in men. […] Overall, among persons who have chronic daily headache, 63% have used medication on 14 days or more of the month in an attempt to treat their headaches. […] It is important to evaluate for red flags that may suggest a secondary cause of headache or a headache requiring more immediate evaluation.
#26 New daily persistent headache: a systematic review on an enigmatic disorder | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-019-1022-z
NDPH may occur more in women than in men. According to some studies female to male ratio was 1.3-2.5:1, but two studies in Japan and India have shown female to male ratio of 0.8:1. The age of onset varies from 8 to 78 years. Mean age of onset in adults is 32.4 years in women and 35.8 years in men and 14.2 in the pediatric population. The great majority of described NDPH patients (80-98%) are Caucasian.
#27 Chronic Daily Headache in Korea: Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics, Medical Consultation and Management
https://www.thejcn.com/search.php?where=aview&id=10.3988/jcn.2014.10.3.236&code=0145JCN&vmode=PUBREADER
The reported prevalence of CDH in Asian countries has ranged between 1.0% and 3.9%. […] The prevalence rates of CDH were reported to be higher among individuals with a lower socioeconomic status. […] The 1-year prevalence of CDH was 1.8% and MO was associated with CDH in one-quarter of the cases in this study. […] Less than half of the subjects with CDH in the present study participated in a medical consultation. Furthermore, a significant proportion of subjects with CDH either did not treat their headaches or used only OTC medication. […] This is the first nationwide study to examine the clinical epidemiology of CDH in a general Korean population. The results of the present study indicate that promoting physician consultation for CDH and increasing public awareness may reduce the burden of CDH in Korea.
#28 Epidemiology of tension-type headache (TTH) in Assuit Governorate
https://www.itmedicalteam.pl/articles/epidemiology-of-tensiontype-headache-tth-in-assuit-governorate-egypt-107276.html
This is the first study done in our country on a cohort sample sized population to estimate the prevalence of a tension-type headache (TTH) across age groups. […] We reported a prevalence of primary headaches to be 31.11%, 13.62% for TTH and 1.57% for mixed headache. […] The percentage of chronic/daily TTH was also found to be progressively increased with age particularly after the age of 40 (males: 21.8%; females: 47.2%). […] The odds ratio of having chronic TTH was found to be 11.8 folds more in individuals with severe attacks (Exp b=11.771), 6 folds more in unmarried individuals (Exp b=6.177), 3.3 folds more with prolonged attacks (Exp b=3.341) and 1.2 folds more in each additional age (Exp b=1.176). […] The prevalence of TTH was reported to be higher among adults, females, singles, rural residents and those with low socioeconomic states. […] The prevalence of chronic and daily headache to be 10.47%, (7.59% without medication overuse headache and 2.87% with medication overuse headache).
#29
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11916-001-0070-6
Daily or near-daily headache is a widespread problem in clinical practice. The general term of chronic daily headache (CDH) encompasses those primary headaches presenting more than 15 days per month and lasting more than 4 hours per day. CDH includes transformed migraine (TM), chronic tension-type headache (CTTH), new daily persistent headache (NDPH), and hemicrania continua (HC). Around 40% of patients attending a specialized headache clinic meet CDH diagnostic criteria, of which 80% are women. […] CDH prevalence in the general population seems to be around 4% to 5% (up to 8% to 9% for women). Regarding the prevalence of CDH subtypes, NDPH is rare (0.1%), whereas the prevalence of TM (1.5% to 2%) and CTTH (2.5% to 3%) is clearly higher. […] In contrast to data from specialized clinics, only around a quarter of CDH subjects in the general population overuse analgesics; the prevalence of CDH subjects with analgesic overuse being 1.1% to 1.9% of the general population. Most of these patients with analgesic overuse are TM patients.
#30
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11916-001-0070-6
Daily or near-daily headache is a widespread problem in clinical practice. The general term of chronic daily headache (CDH) encompasses those primary headaches presenting more than 15 days per month and lasting more than 4 hours per day. CDH includes transformed migraine (TM), chronic tension-type headache (CTTH), new daily persistent headache (NDPH), and hemicrania continua (HC). Around 40% of patients attending a specialized headache clinic meet CDH diagnostic criteria, of which 80% are women. […] CDH prevalence in the general population seems to be around 4% to 5% (up to 8% to 9% for women). Regarding the prevalence of CDH subtypes, NDPH is rare (0.1%), whereas the prevalence of TM (1.5% to 2%) and CTTH (2.5% to 3%) is clearly higher. […] In contrast to data from specialized clinics, only around a quarter of CDH subjects in the general population overuse analgesics; the prevalence of CDH subjects with analgesic overuse being 1.1% to 1.9% of the general population. Most of these patients with analgesic overuse are TM patients.
#31 (PDF) Epidemiology of Chronic Daily Headache in the General Population
https://www.academia.edu/41531196/Epidemiology_of_Chronic_Daily_Headache_in_the_General_Population
Almost 5% of the general population (9% of women) suffers from chronic daily headache, the proportion of chronic tension-type headache and transformed migraine being quite similar. […] The varieties of chronic daily headache were classified according to the second revision of IHS criteria proposed by Silberstein et al published in Neurology. […] Chronic daily headache criteria were fulfilled by 89 individuals (38.6%). […] The prevalence of chronic daily headache subtypes shown here differs from data obtained from headache clinics, emphasizing that caution is needed in extrapolating data from specialized units to the general population.
#32 Headache – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headache
Approximately 12-18% of people in the world have migraines. More women than men experience migraines. In Europe and North America, 5-9% of men experience migraines, while 12-25% of women experience migraines. […] Cluster headaches are relatively uncommon. They affect only 1-3 per thousand people in the world. Cluster headaches affect approximately three times as many men as women.
#33 Headache – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headache
Epidemiology literature reviews find that approximately 64-77% of adults have had a headache at some point in their lives. During each year, on average, 46-53% of people have headaches. However, the prevalence of headache varies widely depending on how the survey was conducted, with studies finding lifetime prevalence of as low as 8% to as high as 96%. Most of these headaches are not dangerous. Only approximately 15% of people who seek emergency treatment for headaches have a serious underlying cause. […] More than 90% of headaches are primary headaches. Most of these primary headaches are tension headaches. Most people with tension headaches have „episodic” tension headaches that come and go. Only 3.3% of adults have chronic tension headaches, with headaches for more than 15 days in a month.
#34
https://journals.lww.com/neur/fulltext/2018/66030/new_daily_persistent_headache__an_evolving_entity.19.aspx
New daily persistent headache (NDPH) is characterized by an abrupt onset of headache that becomes a daily entity, is unremitting and continuous from the onset, and lasts for more than 3 months. […] However, with evolving literature and better understanding of its clinical characteristics, it was classified as a chronic daily headache in the ICHD 3rd edition beta. […] The prevalence of NDPH in the general population is between 0.03% and 0.1%. […] The proportion of NDPH among patients with chronic daily headache ranges from 2.24% to 11%. […] NDPH occurs in all age groups; however, most case series had patients with the mean age in the twenties to forties. […] The headache is usually bilateral, but less commonly, it is unilateral, unilateral and bilateral (on different days), and rarely side shifting.
#35 New daily persistent headache: a systematic review on an enigmatic disorder | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-019-1022-z
NDPH is thought to be a rare disorder, but until recently there have been limited studies of its epidemiology. The first population-based study of NDPH was published in 1999 by Castillo et al. using the Silberstein-Lipton criteria on 1883 subjects from the general population in Spain, they found a 1-year prevalence of NDPH of 0.1% (2 cases). […] In a study from Norway of 30,000 persons from the general population using the more strict ICHD-II criteria, 1-year prevalence of NDPH was 0.03% in the age group 30-44 years. Since the third version of ICHD has broader criteria for NDPH, the incidence of NDPH is likely to be higher. […] Studies in tertiary headache centers have suggested that NDPH prevalence in children and adolescents is higher than in adults. In chronic daily headache patients, they found NDPH prevalence of 21-28% in pediatric vs 1.7-10.8% in adult patients.
#36
https://journals.lww.com/neur/fulltext/2018/66030/new_daily_persistent_headache__an_evolving_entity.19.aspx
New daily persistent headache (NDPH) is characterized by an abrupt onset of headache that becomes a daily entity, is unremitting and continuous from the onset, and lasts for more than 3 months. […] However, with evolving literature and better understanding of its clinical characteristics, it was classified as a chronic daily headache in the ICHD 3rd edition beta. […] The prevalence of NDPH in the general population is between 0.03% and 0.1%. […] The proportion of NDPH among patients with chronic daily headache ranges from 2.24% to 11%. […] NDPH occurs in all age groups; however, most case series had patients with the mean age in the twenties to forties. […] The headache is usually bilateral, but less commonly, it is unilateral, unilateral and bilateral (on different days), and rarely side shifting.
#37 New daily persistent headache: a systematic review on an enigmatic disorder | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-019-1022-z
NDPH is thought to be a rare disorder, but until recently there have been limited studies of its epidemiology. The first population-based study of NDPH was published in 1999 by Castillo et al. using the Silberstein-Lipton criteria on 1883 subjects from the general population in Spain, they found a 1-year prevalence of NDPH of 0.1% (2 cases). […] In a study from Norway of 30,000 persons from the general population using the more strict ICHD-II criteria, 1-year prevalence of NDPH was 0.03% in the age group 30-44 years. Since the third version of ICHD has broader criteria for NDPH, the incidence of NDPH is likely to be higher. […] Studies in tertiary headache centers have suggested that NDPH prevalence in children and adolescents is higher than in adults. In chronic daily headache patients, they found NDPH prevalence of 21-28% in pediatric vs 1.7-10.8% in adult patients.
#38
https://journals.lww.com/neur/fulltext/2018/66030/new_daily_persistent_headache__an_evolving_entity.19.aspx
New daily persistent headache (NDPH) is characterized by an abrupt onset of headache that becomes a daily entity, is unremitting and continuous from the onset, and lasts for more than 3 months. […] However, with evolving literature and better understanding of its clinical characteristics, it was classified as a chronic daily headache in the ICHD 3rd edition beta. […] The prevalence of NDPH in the general population is between 0.03% and 0.1%. […] The proportion of NDPH among patients with chronic daily headache ranges from 2.24% to 11%. […] NDPH occurs in all age groups; however, most case series had patients with the mean age in the twenties to forties. […] The headache is usually bilateral, but less commonly, it is unilateral, unilateral and bilateral (on different days), and rarely side shifting.
#39 New daily persistent headache: a systematic review on an enigmatic disorder | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-019-1022-z
NDPH is thought to be a rare disorder, but until recently there have been limited studies of its epidemiology. The first population-based study of NDPH was published in 1999 by Castillo et al. using the Silberstein-Lipton criteria on 1883 subjects from the general population in Spain, they found a 1-year prevalence of NDPH of 0.1% (2 cases). […] In a study from Norway of 30,000 persons from the general population using the more strict ICHD-II criteria, 1-year prevalence of NDPH was 0.03% in the age group 30-44 years. Since the third version of ICHD has broader criteria for NDPH, the incidence of NDPH is likely to be higher. […] Studies in tertiary headache centers have suggested that NDPH prevalence in children and adolescents is higher than in adults. In chronic daily headache patients, they found NDPH prevalence of 21-28% in pediatric vs 1.7-10.8% in adult patients.
#40 Headache – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headache
Approximately 12-18% of people in the world have migraines. More women than men experience migraines. In Europe and North America, 5-9% of men experience migraines, while 12-25% of women experience migraines. […] Cluster headaches are relatively uncommon. They affect only 1-3 per thousand people in the world. Cluster headaches affect approximately three times as many men as women.
#41 Chronic Headaches – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559083/
Chronic headaches occur in 1 to 4% of the entire population. Approximately 39 million people in the United States and 1 billion people worldwide are affected. Of patients seen in a headache clinic, 40% are diagnosed with chronic headaches. Prevalence rates in women are 3 to 5 times higher than in men. Chronic migraines are associated with significant comorbidities, including obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, depression, chronic pain disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Chronic migraine headaches also have a prevalence of 7 to 17% in children and adolescents. The prevalence is equal between boys and girls until age 12, when females predominate. Hemicrania continua is less common than chronic migraine or tension headache. It has a 2 to 1 female to male incidence, with the peak diagnosis occurring in the third decade. Chronic cluster headache occurs more often in men but is also experienced by women. Women often have nausea and vomiting associated with chronic cluster headaches and may be initially diagnosed with migraine headaches. […] Headache disorders have a large global burden. Both acute and chronic headaches are most prevalent between the teenage years and the fifth decade.
#42 Frequent Headaches: Evaluation and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2020/0401/p419.html
Most frequent headaches are typically migraine or tension-type headaches and are often exacerbated by medication overuse. […] An estimated 2% to 4% of U.S. adults have chronic headaches, and more than 30% of these report daily symptoms. […] Each year, 3% to 4% of patients with episodic migraine or tension-type headaches (TTH) escalate to chronic forms. […] About 30% to 50% of patients who develop chronic headaches have MOH, which is defined as headache on 15 or more days per month in a patient with preexisting primary headache, developing as a consequence of regular overuse of acute or symptomatic headache medication for more than three months. […] Chronic pain, especially musculoskeletal pain, and obesity are strongly associated with chronification. […] The strongest predictive factors for headache progression are frequent headache episodes at baseline and medication overuse.
#43 Frequent Headaches: Evaluation and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2020/0401/p419.html
Most frequent headaches are typically migraine or tension-type headaches and are often exacerbated by medication overuse. […] An estimated 2% to 4% of U.S. adults have chronic headaches, and more than 30% of these report daily symptoms. […] Each year, 3% to 4% of patients with episodic migraine or tension-type headaches (TTH) escalate to chronic forms. […] About 30% to 50% of patients who develop chronic headaches have MOH, which is defined as headache on 15 or more days per month in a patient with preexisting primary headache, developing as a consequence of regular overuse of acute or symptomatic headache medication for more than three months. […] Chronic pain, especially musculoskeletal pain, and obesity are strongly associated with chronification. […] The strongest predictive factors for headache progression are frequent headache episodes at baseline and medication overuse.
#44 Chronic Daily Headache: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0415/p642.html
Chronic daily headache is defined as the presence of a headache on 15 days or more per month for at least three months. The most common types of chronic daily headache are chronic migraines and chronic tension-type headaches. […] Chronic daily headache is diagnosed in approximately 3% to 5% of patients presenting with acute headache. […] In the United States, chronic daily headache is 33% more common in whites and in women. […] The prevalence in women ranges from 5% to 9%, compared with 1% to 3% in men. […] Overall, among persons who have chronic daily headache, 63% have used medication on 14 days or more of the month in an attempt to treat their headaches. […] It is important to evaluate for red flags that may suggest a secondary cause of headache or a headache requiring more immediate evaluation.
#45
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11916-001-0070-6
Daily or near-daily headache is a widespread problem in clinical practice. The general term of chronic daily headache (CDH) encompasses those primary headaches presenting more than 15 days per month and lasting more than 4 hours per day. CDH includes transformed migraine (TM), chronic tension-type headache (CTTH), new daily persistent headache (NDPH), and hemicrania continua (HC). Around 40% of patients attending a specialized headache clinic meet CDH diagnostic criteria, of which 80% are women. […] CDH prevalence in the general population seems to be around 4% to 5% (up to 8% to 9% for women). Regarding the prevalence of CDH subtypes, NDPH is rare (0.1%), whereas the prevalence of TM (1.5% to 2%) and CTTH (2.5% to 3%) is clearly higher. […] In contrast to data from specialized clinics, only around a quarter of CDH subjects in the general population overuse analgesics; the prevalence of CDH subjects with analgesic overuse being 1.1% to 1.9% of the general population. Most of these patients with analgesic overuse are TM patients.
#46 Frequent Headaches: Evaluation and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2020/0401/p419.html
Chronic daily headache: mechanisms and principles of management. […] The estimated mean critical dose and duration of use for triptans are 18 doses per month and 1.7 years, compared with 114 doses per month and 4.8 years for simple analgesics. […] The current expert consensus supports the use of small-molecule calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonists (ubrogepant [Ubrelvy] and rimegepant [Nurtec], both of which were recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration) and the selective 5-hydroxy tryptamine receptor 1F agonist lasmiditan (Reyvow) for treatment of acute migraine in patients who have documented nonresponse to or intolerance of at least two oral triptans.
#47 Chronic Headaches – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559083/
Chronic headaches occur in 1 to 4% of the entire population. Approximately 39 million people in the United States and 1 billion people worldwide are affected. Of patients seen in a headache clinic, 40% are diagnosed with chronic headaches. Prevalence rates in women are 3 to 5 times higher than in men. Chronic migraines are associated with significant comorbidities, including obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, depression, chronic pain disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Chronic migraine headaches also have a prevalence of 7 to 17% in children and adolescents. The prevalence is equal between boys and girls until age 12, when females predominate. Hemicrania continua is less common than chronic migraine or tension headache. It has a 2 to 1 female to male incidence, with the peak diagnosis occurring in the third decade. Chronic cluster headache occurs more often in men but is also experienced by women. Women often have nausea and vomiting associated with chronic cluster headaches and may be initially diagnosed with migraine headaches. […] Headache disorders have a large global burden. Both acute and chronic headaches are most prevalent between the teenage years and the fifth decade.
#48 Frequent Headaches: Evaluation and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2020/0401/p419.html
Most frequent headaches are typically migraine or tension-type headaches and are often exacerbated by medication overuse. […] An estimated 2% to 4% of U.S. adults have chronic headaches, and more than 30% of these report daily symptoms. […] Each year, 3% to 4% of patients with episodic migraine or tension-type headaches (TTH) escalate to chronic forms. […] About 30% to 50% of patients who develop chronic headaches have MOH, which is defined as headache on 15 or more days per month in a patient with preexisting primary headache, developing as a consequence of regular overuse of acute or symptomatic headache medication for more than three months. […] Chronic pain, especially musculoskeletal pain, and obesity are strongly associated with chronification. […] The strongest predictive factors for headache progression are frequent headache episodes at baseline and medication overuse.
#49 Frequent Headaches: Evaluation and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2020/0401/p419.html
Most frequent headaches are typically migraine or tension-type headaches and are often exacerbated by medication overuse. […] An estimated 2% to 4% of U.S. adults have chronic headaches, and more than 30% of these report daily symptoms. […] Each year, 3% to 4% of patients with episodic migraine or tension-type headaches (TTH) escalate to chronic forms. […] About 30% to 50% of patients who develop chronic headaches have MOH, which is defined as headache on 15 or more days per month in a patient with preexisting primary headache, developing as a consequence of regular overuse of acute or symptomatic headache medication for more than three months. […] Chronic pain, especially musculoskeletal pain, and obesity are strongly associated with chronification. […] The strongest predictive factors for headache progression are frequent headache episodes at baseline and medication overuse.
#50 Relation of hypertension with episodic primary headaches and chronic primary headaches in population of Rafsanjan cohort study | Scientific Reports
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-03377-7
However, the major involved mechanisms on conversion from primary headaches into CDH are still unknown. […] In addition, Hypertension, allergies, diabetes, obesity and hypothyroidism have been reported to be associated with CDH. […] The association between high blood pressure and a headache was first considered in the early twentieth century. […] According to the Third Edition of International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD), headache related to arterial hypertension were considered only in patients with systolic blood pressure (SBP)180 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 120 mm Hg. […] The associations between increased BP and headache have been reported repeatedly in the medical literature. […] Based on population-based epidemiological studies, there is a relatively stable figure for primary headache disorders in various parts of the world.
#51
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12098-021-03957-5
Chronic daily headaches (CDH) is defined by the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition (ICHD-3) based on adult research. Pediatric issues including age-/gender-wise prevalence, characteristics, and effects of normal developmental continuum have less been studied. This hospital-based, observational, descriptive study done at a tertiary care center over a period of one year included 240 children (M:F=1:1.7) aged 515 y attending the OPD with CDH. Chronic tension type headache (CTTH – 53%) and chronic migraine (CM – 37%) were most common types with female predominance. Sixty-seven percent patients had bilateral headache. Sixty-three percent had steady pain and 37% had throbbing headache. Seventy percent children had moderate and 25% had severe headache. Precipitating factor was stress in 66% cases of CTTH and 48% cases of CM; sleep deprivation in 11% patients of CTTH and 35% patients of CM, and bright light in 5.26% cases of CTTH and 15% cases of CM. Excessive use of electronic devices was associated with presence of headache in adolescents (10 y) (p0.05). Family history was positive in 13.63%. Mean Ped MIDAS score was 20; 72.63% had mild, 33% had moderate, and 5% children had little or no disability.
#52
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12098-021-03957-5
Chronic daily headaches (CDH) is defined by the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition (ICHD-3) based on adult research. Pediatric issues including age-/gender-wise prevalence, characteristics, and effects of normal developmental continuum have less been studied. This hospital-based, observational, descriptive study done at a tertiary care center over a period of one year included 240 children (M:F=1:1.7) aged 515 y attending the OPD with CDH. Chronic tension type headache (CTTH – 53%) and chronic migraine (CM – 37%) were most common types with female predominance. Sixty-seven percent patients had bilateral headache. Sixty-three percent had steady pain and 37% had throbbing headache. Seventy percent children had moderate and 25% had severe headache. Precipitating factor was stress in 66% cases of CTTH and 48% cases of CM; sleep deprivation in 11% patients of CTTH and 35% patients of CM, and bright light in 5.26% cases of CTTH and 15% cases of CM. Excessive use of electronic devices was associated with presence of headache in adolescents (10 y) (p0.05). Family history was positive in 13.63%. Mean Ped MIDAS score was 20; 72.63% had mild, 33% had moderate, and 5% children had little or no disability.
#53
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12098-021-03957-5
Chronic daily headaches (CDH) is defined by the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition (ICHD-3) based on adult research. Pediatric issues including age-/gender-wise prevalence, characteristics, and effects of normal developmental continuum have less been studied. This hospital-based, observational, descriptive study done at a tertiary care center over a period of one year included 240 children (M:F=1:1.7) aged 515 y attending the OPD with CDH. Chronic tension type headache (CTTH – 53%) and chronic migraine (CM – 37%) were most common types with female predominance. Sixty-seven percent patients had bilateral headache. Sixty-three percent had steady pain and 37% had throbbing headache. Seventy percent children had moderate and 25% had severe headache. Precipitating factor was stress in 66% cases of CTTH and 48% cases of CM; sleep deprivation in 11% patients of CTTH and 35% patients of CM, and bright light in 5.26% cases of CTTH and 15% cases of CM. Excessive use of electronic devices was associated with presence of headache in adolescents (10 y) (p0.05). Family history was positive in 13.63%. Mean Ped MIDAS score was 20; 72.63% had mild, 33% had moderate, and 5% children had little or no disability.
#54 Chronic Headaches – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559083/
Chronic headaches occur in 1 to 4% of the entire population. Approximately 39 million people in the United States and 1 billion people worldwide are affected. Of patients seen in a headache clinic, 40% are diagnosed with chronic headaches. Prevalence rates in women are 3 to 5 times higher than in men. Chronic migraines are associated with significant comorbidities, including obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, depression, chronic pain disorders, and cardiovascular disease. Chronic migraine headaches also have a prevalence of 7 to 17% in children and adolescents. The prevalence is equal between boys and girls until age 12, when females predominate. Hemicrania continua is less common than chronic migraine or tension headache. It has a 2 to 1 female to male incidence, with the peak diagnosis occurring in the third decade. Chronic cluster headache occurs more often in men but is also experienced by women. Women often have nausea and vomiting associated with chronic cluster headaches and may be initially diagnosed with migraine headaches. […] Headache disorders have a large global burden. Both acute and chronic headaches are most prevalent between the teenage years and the fifth decade.
#55
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12098-021-03957-5
Chronic daily headaches (CDH) is defined by the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition (ICHD-3) based on adult research. Pediatric issues including age-/gender-wise prevalence, characteristics, and effects of normal developmental continuum have less been studied. This hospital-based, observational, descriptive study done at a tertiary care center over a period of one year included 240 children (M:F=1:1.7) aged 515 y attending the OPD with CDH. Chronic tension type headache (CTTH – 53%) and chronic migraine (CM – 37%) were most common types with female predominance. Sixty-seven percent patients had bilateral headache. Sixty-three percent had steady pain and 37% had throbbing headache. Seventy percent children had moderate and 25% had severe headache. Precipitating factor was stress in 66% cases of CTTH and 48% cases of CM; sleep deprivation in 11% patients of CTTH and 35% patients of CM, and bright light in 5.26% cases of CTTH and 15% cases of CM. Excessive use of electronic devices was associated with presence of headache in adolescents (10 y) (p0.05). Family history was positive in 13.63%. Mean Ped MIDAS score was 20; 72.63% had mild, 33% had moderate, and 5% children had little or no disability.
#56
https://consensus.app/questions/chronic-daily-headache/
Chronic Daily Headache (CDH) is a term used to describe a group of headache disorders characterized by the presence of headache on at least 15 days per month for a minimum of three months. CDH affects approximately 4-5% of the general population worldwide, making it a significant public health issue. The high prevalence underscores the need for effective management strategies and increased awareness among healthcare providers. Chronic daily headache is a prevalent and debilitating condition that poses significant challenges in diagnosis and management. Chronic daily headache (CDH) affects 4-5 percent of the global population and is a significant social problem, with no approved therapies and few large-scale controlled trials in this area. Chronic daily headache (CDH) affects 4% to 5% of the population and is often associated with analgesic or ergot overuse. Chronic daily headaches, particularly chronic migraine with medication overuse, are associated with lower quality of life, greater disability, and lower workplace productivity compared to other types of headaches.
#57 Daily Headaches: Understanding the Norms and Causes – Torrinomedica
https://www.torrinomedica.it/english/symptoms/headaches/daily-headaches-understanding-the-norms-and-causes/
The prevalence of daily headaches is alarmingly high, with studies suggesting that approximately 3-5% of the global population suffers from chronic daily headaches. This statistic underscores the significance of daily headaches as a public health concern. […] The impact of daily headaches extends beyond physical discomfort; they can also lead to psychosocial issues such as anxiety and depression. Individuals suffering from chronic headaches may experience reduced productivity, strained relationships, and a diminished quality of life. […] In conclusion, the epidemiology of daily headaches reveals a widespread issue that warrants further research and public health initiatives. The need for effective management strategies is paramount to alleviate the burden on individuals and society as a whole.
#58 The differential diagnosis of chronic daily headaches: an algorithm-based approach | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1007/s10194-007-0418-3
Chronic daily headaches (CDHs) refers to primary headaches that happen on at least 15 days per month, for 4 or more hours per day, for at least three consecutive months. […] CDH is the third most common primary headache in the population, with an overall prevalence ranging from 4% to 5%. […] The differential diagnosis of CDHs is challenging and should proceed in an orderly fashion. […] The differential diagnosis of CDHs is challenging and requires a systematic approach. Herein we presented an algorithm-based approach to the differential diagnosis of the CDHs, which should help physicians interested in headache to move forward quickly and safely when assessing patients with daily or almost daily headaches.
#59 Chronic Daily Headache: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0415/p642.html
Chronic daily headache is defined as the presence of a headache on 15 days or more per month for at least three months. The most common types of chronic daily headache are chronic migraines and chronic tension-type headaches. […] Chronic daily headache is diagnosed in approximately 3% to 5% of patients presenting with acute headache. […] In the United States, chronic daily headache is 33% more common in whites and in women. […] The prevalence in women ranges from 5% to 9%, compared with 1% to 3% in men. […] Overall, among persons who have chronic daily headache, 63% have used medication on 14 days or more of the month in an attempt to treat their headaches. […] It is important to evaluate for red flags that may suggest a secondary cause of headache or a headache requiring more immediate evaluation.
#60 Chronic Daily Headache: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0415/p642.html
Imaging should be considered if red flags are present. The most useful test is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is more sensitive than computed tomography for detecting many secondary causes of chronic daily headache. […] Short-duration chronic daily headache includes trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias and brief headache syndromes. […] Most patients with long-duration chronic daily headaches have migraines or tension-type headaches. […] Chronic migraines occur in patients with a history of migraines who have a rapid or gradual progression to chronic daily headache. […] Tension-type headaches are characterized by occipital or bilateral bandlike discomfort that builds slowly and may persist for several days. […] The most common complications of chronic daily headache, other than those related to untreated pain, are medication-induced adverse effects. […] Education about headache from medication overuse is essential.
#61 New Daily Persistent Headache
https://practicalneurology.com/diseases-diagnoses/headache-pain/new-daily-persistent-headache/31897/
Numerous secondary disorders can precipitate NDPH, although it is a primary headache disorder as well. Because diagnostic criteria for NDPH include persistence for at least 3 months, most catastrophic etiologies that cause sudden-onset headache (eg, large stroke or brain cancer) are likely to be observed much earlier and are, thus, less likely to present in the outpatient setting. […] The workup for secondary causes of NDPH should be thorough and focus on common causes of NDPH that would potentially change medical management. Brain MRI is usually worthwhile, especially in those with neurologic deficits, abnormal exam findings (eg, papilledema), or suspecting disorders of intracranial hypertension or hypotension. MRI findings, however, are usually nonspecific and white matter changes may be less frequent than what is seen in chronic migraine.
#62 Chronic Daily Headaches | Jan & Tom Lewis Migraine Treatment Program | Barrow Neurological InstituteGroup 9Group 9Group 49
https://www.barrowneuro.org/condition/chronic-daily-headaches/
Chronic daily headache describes a group of headache disorders in which headache pain occurs at least 15 days per month during a 3-month period. True (primary) chronic daily headaches are not caused by another condition. […] As much as 5 percent of the United States population may experience severe headaches on a daily or near-daily basis. […] Anyone can have chronic daily headaches. Although primary chronic headaches are not caused by an underlying medical condition, there are risk factors associated with developing frequent headaches. […] Medication overuse headaches usually develop in people who have an episodic headache disorder, such as migraine or tension-type headaches, and take pain medications more than two days per week. […] Conditions that may cause secondary chronic daily headaches include: Artery inflammation or spasm, Venous clots, Infections such as meningitis, Abnormally high or low intracranial pressure, Brain tumors, Traumatic brain injuries. […] Doctors are not exactly sure what causes chronic daily headaches. True, or primary, chronic daily headaches do not have a cause that can be identified. That does not, however, mean that they cannot be treated.
#63 Chronic Daily Headache: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0415/p642.html
Imaging should be considered if red flags are present. The most useful test is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is more sensitive than computed tomography for detecting many secondary causes of chronic daily headache. […] Short-duration chronic daily headache includes trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias and brief headache syndromes. […] Most patients with long-duration chronic daily headaches have migraines or tension-type headaches. […] Chronic migraines occur in patients with a history of migraines who have a rapid or gradual progression to chronic daily headache. […] Tension-type headaches are characterized by occipital or bilateral bandlike discomfort that builds slowly and may persist for several days. […] The most common complications of chronic daily headache, other than those related to untreated pain, are medication-induced adverse effects. […] Education about headache from medication overuse is essential.
#64 Chronic Daily Headache: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0415/p642.html
Imaging should be considered if red flags are present. The most useful test is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is more sensitive than computed tomography for detecting many secondary causes of chronic daily headache. […] Short-duration chronic daily headache includes trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias and brief headache syndromes. […] Most patients with long-duration chronic daily headaches have migraines or tension-type headaches. […] Chronic migraines occur in patients with a history of migraines who have a rapid or gradual progression to chronic daily headache. […] Tension-type headaches are characterized by occipital or bilateral bandlike discomfort that builds slowly and may persist for several days. […] The most common complications of chronic daily headache, other than those related to untreated pain, are medication-induced adverse effects. […] Education about headache from medication overuse is essential.
#65 Chronic Daily Headache: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0415/p642.html
Imaging should be considered if red flags are present. The most useful test is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is more sensitive than computed tomography for detecting many secondary causes of chronic daily headache. […] Short-duration chronic daily headache includes trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias and brief headache syndromes. […] Most patients with long-duration chronic daily headaches have migraines or tension-type headaches. […] Chronic migraines occur in patients with a history of migraines who have a rapid or gradual progression to chronic daily headache. […] Tension-type headaches are characterized by occipital or bilateral bandlike discomfort that builds slowly and may persist for several days. […] The most common complications of chronic daily headache, other than those related to untreated pain, are medication-induced adverse effects. […] Education about headache from medication overuse is essential.
#66 Chronic Daily Headache: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0415/p642.html
Imaging should be considered if red flags are present. The most useful test is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is more sensitive than computed tomography for detecting many secondary causes of chronic daily headache. […] Short-duration chronic daily headache includes trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias and brief headache syndromes. […] Most patients with long-duration chronic daily headaches have migraines or tension-type headaches. […] Chronic migraines occur in patients with a history of migraines who have a rapid or gradual progression to chronic daily headache. […] Tension-type headaches are characterized by occipital or bilateral bandlike discomfort that builds slowly and may persist for several days. […] The most common complications of chronic daily headache, other than those related to untreated pain, are medication-induced adverse effects. […] Education about headache from medication overuse is essential.
#67 Chronic daily headaches • LITFL • Neurology library
https://litfl.com/chronic-daily-headaches/
Chronic daily headaches are defined as headaches which occur at least 15 days or more per month for at least three months, regardless of the underlying headache aetiology. […] Chronic daily headaches are most common among middle-aged adults between 30 and 50 years of age. The female to male ratio is around 3:1. The prevalence of chronic headache is 45%, with an incidence of 3% per year. The incidence of new onset chronic migraine in patients with episodic migraine is around 2.5% per year. […] Diagnosis of chronic daily headaches can be further complicated by secondary factors, such as medication overuse, post traumatic headache, cervicogenic headache, and other more serious causes such as arterial dissection, tumour, and intracranial hypotension from a cerebrospinal fluid leak or pseudotumor cerebri.
#68 Headache – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Headache
Epidemiology literature reviews find that approximately 64-77% of adults have had a headache at some point in their lives. During each year, on average, 46-53% of people have headaches. However, the prevalence of headache varies widely depending on how the survey was conducted, with studies finding lifetime prevalence of as low as 8% to as high as 96%. Most of these headaches are not dangerous. Only approximately 15% of people who seek emergency treatment for headaches have a serious underlying cause. […] More than 90% of headaches are primary headaches. Most of these primary headaches are tension headaches. Most people with tension headaches have „episodic” tension headaches that come and go. Only 3.3% of adults have chronic tension headaches, with headaches for more than 15 days in a month.
#69 (PDF) Epidemiology of Chronic Daily Headache in the General Population
https://www.academia.edu/41531196/Epidemiology_of_Chronic_Daily_Headache_in_the_General_Population
Almost 5% of the general population (9% of women) suffers from chronic daily headache, the proportion of chronic tension-type headache and transformed migraine being quite similar. […] The varieties of chronic daily headache were classified according to the second revision of IHS criteria proposed by Silberstein et al published in Neurology. […] Chronic daily headache criteria were fulfilled by 89 individuals (38.6%). […] The prevalence of chronic daily headache subtypes shown here differs from data obtained from headache clinics, emphasizing that caution is needed in extrapolating data from specialized units to the general population.
#70 Epidemiology of Chronic Daily Headache in the General Population – UConn Library
http://search.lib.uconn.edu/discovery/fulldisplay/cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1560132438/01UCT_STORRS:01UCT
Background and Objectives. Although chronic daily headache, mainly transformed migraine, is an important reason for consultation in headache clinics, its actual prevalence is unknown. This study analyzes the prevalence of the different types of chronic daily headache in an unselected population. […] Almost 5% of the general population (9% of women) suffers from chronic daily headache, the proportion of chronic tension-type headache and transformed migraine being quite similar. Less than one third overuse analgesics. The prevalence of chronic daily headache subtypes shown here differs from data obtained from headache clinics, emphasizing that caution is needed in extrapolating data from specialized units to the general population.
#71 Frequent Headaches: Evaluation and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2020/0401/p419.html
Most frequent headaches are typically migraine or tension-type headaches and are often exacerbated by medication overuse. […] An estimated 2% to 4% of U.S. adults have chronic headaches, and more than 30% of these report daily symptoms. […] Each year, 3% to 4% of patients with episodic migraine or tension-type headaches (TTH) escalate to chronic forms. […] About 30% to 50% of patients who develop chronic headaches have MOH, which is defined as headache on 15 or more days per month in a patient with preexisting primary headache, developing as a consequence of regular overuse of acute or symptomatic headache medication for more than three months. […] Chronic pain, especially musculoskeletal pain, and obesity are strongly associated with chronification. […] The strongest predictive factors for headache progression are frequent headache episodes at baseline and medication overuse.
#72 Frequent Headaches: Evaluation and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2020/0401/p419.html
Most frequent headaches are typically migraine or tension-type headaches and are often exacerbated by medication overuse. […] An estimated 2% to 4% of U.S. adults have chronic headaches, and more than 30% of these report daily symptoms. […] Each year, 3% to 4% of patients with episodic migraine or tension-type headaches (TTH) escalate to chronic forms. […] About 30% to 50% of patients who develop chronic headaches have MOH, which is defined as headache on 15 or more days per month in a patient with preexisting primary headache, developing as a consequence of regular overuse of acute or symptomatic headache medication for more than three months. […] Chronic pain, especially musculoskeletal pain, and obesity are strongly associated with chronification. […] The strongest predictive factors for headache progression are frequent headache episodes at baseline and medication overuse.
#73 Chronic Daily Headache in Korea: Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics, Medical Consultation and Management
https://www.thejcn.com/search.php?where=aview&id=10.3988/jcn.2014.10.3.236&code=0145JCN&vmode=PUBREADER
The reported prevalence of CDH in Asian countries has ranged between 1.0% and 3.9%. […] The prevalence rates of CDH were reported to be higher among individuals with a lower socioeconomic status. […] The 1-year prevalence of CDH was 1.8% and MO was associated with CDH in one-quarter of the cases in this study. […] Less than half of the subjects with CDH in the present study participated in a medical consultation. Furthermore, a significant proportion of subjects with CDH either did not treat their headaches or used only OTC medication. […] This is the first nationwide study to examine the clinical epidemiology of CDH in a general Korean population. The results of the present study indicate that promoting physician consultation for CDH and increasing public awareness may reduce the burden of CDH in Korea.
#74 Chronic Daily Headache in Korea: Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics, Medical Consultation and Management
https://www.thejcn.com/search.php?where=aview&id=10.3988/jcn.2014.10.3.236&code=0145JCN&vmode=PUBREADER
The reported prevalence of CDH in Asian countries has ranged between 1.0% and 3.9%. […] The prevalence rates of CDH were reported to be higher among individuals with a lower socioeconomic status. […] The 1-year prevalence of CDH was 1.8% and MO was associated with CDH in one-quarter of the cases in this study. […] Less than half of the subjects with CDH in the present study participated in a medical consultation. Furthermore, a significant proportion of subjects with CDH either did not treat their headaches or used only OTC medication. […] This is the first nationwide study to examine the clinical epidemiology of CDH in a general Korean population. The results of the present study indicate that promoting physician consultation for CDH and increasing public awareness may reduce the burden of CDH in Korea.
#75 Chronic Daily Headache: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0415/p642.html
Imaging should be considered if red flags are present. The most useful test is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is more sensitive than computed tomography for detecting many secondary causes of chronic daily headache. […] Short-duration chronic daily headache includes trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias and brief headache syndromes. […] Most patients with long-duration chronic daily headaches have migraines or tension-type headaches. […] Chronic migraines occur in patients with a history of migraines who have a rapid or gradual progression to chronic daily headache. […] Tension-type headaches are characterized by occipital or bilateral bandlike discomfort that builds slowly and may persist for several days. […] The most common complications of chronic daily headache, other than those related to untreated pain, are medication-induced adverse effects. […] Education about headache from medication overuse is essential.
#76 Chronic Daily Headache: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0415/p642.html
Imaging should be considered if red flags are present. The most useful test is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is more sensitive than computed tomography for detecting many secondary causes of chronic daily headache. […] Short-duration chronic daily headache includes trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias and brief headache syndromes. […] Most patients with long-duration chronic daily headaches have migraines or tension-type headaches. […] Chronic migraines occur in patients with a history of migraines who have a rapid or gradual progression to chronic daily headache. […] Tension-type headaches are characterized by occipital or bilateral bandlike discomfort that builds slowly and may persist for several days. […] The most common complications of chronic daily headache, other than those related to untreated pain, are medication-induced adverse effects. […] Education about headache from medication overuse is essential.
#77 Daily Headaches: Understanding the Norms and Causes – Torrinomedica
https://www.torrinomedica.it/english/symptoms/headaches/daily-headaches-understanding-the-norms-and-causes/
The prevalence of daily headaches is alarmingly high, with studies suggesting that approximately 3-5% of the global population suffers from chronic daily headaches. This statistic underscores the significance of daily headaches as a public health concern. […] The impact of daily headaches extends beyond physical discomfort; they can also lead to psychosocial issues such as anxiety and depression. Individuals suffering from chronic headaches may experience reduced productivity, strained relationships, and a diminished quality of life. […] In conclusion, the epidemiology of daily headaches reveals a widespread issue that warrants further research and public health initiatives. The need for effective management strategies is paramount to alleviate the burden on individuals and society as a whole.
#78 Chronic Daily Headache in Children and Adolescents: A Multi-Faceted Syndrome | Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences | Cambridge Core
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/canadian-journal-of-neurological-sciences/article/chronic-daily-headache-in-children-and-adolescents-a-multifaceted-syndrome/AEB5B6E67210B82E6DE042C5A12F1462
Chronic daily headache (CDH) is a multi-faceted, often complex pain syndrome in children and adolescents. Chronic daily headache may be primary or secondary. Chronic migraine and chronic tension-type are the most frequent subtypes. Chronic daily headache is co-morbid with adverse life events, anxiety and depressive disorders, possibly with other psychiatric disorders, other pain syndromes and sleep disorders; these conditions contribute to initiating and maintaining CDH. Hence, early management of episodic headache and treatment of associated conditions are crucial to prevention. […] There is evidence for the benefit of psychological therapies, principally relaxation and cognitive behavioral, and promising information on acupuncture for CDH. Data on drug treatment are based primarily on open label studies. The controversies surrounding CDH are discussed and proposals for improvement presented. The multifaceted nature of CDH makes it a good candidate for a multi-axial classification system. Such an approach should facilitate biopsychosocial management and enhance consistency in clinical research.
#79 Relation of hypertension with episodic primary headaches and chronic primary headaches in population of Rafsanjan cohort study | Scientific Reports
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-03377-7
However, the major involved mechanisms on conversion from primary headaches into CDH are still unknown. […] In addition, Hypertension, allergies, diabetes, obesity and hypothyroidism have been reported to be associated with CDH. […] The association between high blood pressure and a headache was first considered in the early twentieth century. […] According to the Third Edition of International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD), headache related to arterial hypertension were considered only in patients with systolic blood pressure (SBP)180 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 120 mm Hg. […] The associations between increased BP and headache have been reported repeatedly in the medical literature. […] Based on population-based epidemiological studies, there is a relatively stable figure for primary headache disorders in various parts of the world.