Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Vaginal Fistula: Types, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22079-vaginal-fistula

  Vaginal fistulas that form between your vagina and nearby organs dont always cause pain. Your symptoms typically depend on where the fistula is, how large the opening is or other factors. You may notice any of the following symptoms if you have a fistula: […] A lack of blood supply to vaginal tissue causes the tissue to die or become damaged. A hole or fistula forms in the tissue where this damage occurs. These openings can develop in a few days or over several years. Rarely, a person is born with a vaginal fistula. […] Surgical treatments for vaginal fistulas are highly successful. Most women experience a full recovery and no longer have symptoms. […] Some fistulas dont heal properly or come back after treatment. Problems with healing are most likely to happen if you have cancer or Crohns disease. Living with symptoms of an untreated vaginal fistula can lead to depression or anxiety.

• #2 Vaginal Fistula: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/womens/urogynecology/vaginal-fistula

  A vaginal fistula is an abnormal opening in the vagina that connects to another organ in the pelvic floor, such as your colon, urethra, bladder, or rectum. Although a vaginal fistula doesnt typically cause pain, it can lead to other problems that will require medical attention. […] Vaginal fistulas have a range of signs and symptoms. Fistula symptoms may differ depending on whether you have a genitourinary fistula that leads to the genital or urinary organs or a fistula between the vagina and digestive system. […] Symptoms of genitourinary vaginal fistulas: Recurring urinary tract infections (UTIs), Urinary incontinence or chronic urine leakage, Constant smell of urine, Pain during intercourse (dyspareunia), Skin irritation in the vagina, around the vulva, or between the vagina and anus, Kidney infections, Vaginal infections.

• #3 Vaginal fistula | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/vaginal-fistula?content_id=CON-20253618

  Vaginal fistula symptoms can include: […] The exact symptoms a person has depend in part on the location of the fistula.

• #4 Rectovaginal Fistula – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK535350/

  Fistula connects 2 surfaces or lumens. It begins on the offending side and makes its way to an adjacent lumen or surface. It follows the easiest and shortest path to the adjacent organ. The recto-vaginal fistula starts from the rectum and extends to the vagina. It is not a healthy situation or physiological status. There is usually an underlying pathology, injury, or surgical event. […] Characteristics of rectovaginal fistula (RVF), for example, site, size, length, activity, and symptoms, vary depending on the cause of the fistula, patient factors, and the treatment received. […] The clinical presentation of RVF is a result of a combination of the passage of rectal content to the vagina and the underlying disease or injury. A detailed history of the underlying disease should be explored. Clinically, the escape of stool or gas from the rectum to the vagina through the fistula gives the abnormal signs and symptoms of foul-smell vaginal discharge, dyspareunia, passing air, bleeding, and passage of frank stool, especially when the patient has diarrhea. Further symptoms of complications like symptoms of cystitis or vaginitis are occasionally encountered. Symptoms of an underlying disease like rectal obstructing cancer or diverticulosis may be present.

• #5 Vaginal fistula | Altru Health System

  https://www.altru.org/health-library/conditions/vaginal-fistula

  Vaginal fistula symptoms can include: […] Leaking of urine or stool, or passing of gas, through the vagina. […] Urinary tract infections that happen often. […] Urine that has an unusual odor or contains blood. […] Vaginal fluid called discharge that looks or smells unusual. […] Pain during sex. […] Pain, swelling or irritation in the area between the vagina and the anus, called the perineum. […] Repeated infections of the vagina. […] The exact symptoms a person has depend in part on the location of the fistula.

• #6 Vaginal Fistula: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Treatments

  https://www.webmd.com/women/what-is-a-vaginal-fistula

  A vaginal fistula doesnt usually hurt, but it can cause some problems that need medical care. If you have a vesicovaginal fistula (an opening between your vagina and bladder), urine will constantly leak from your bladder into your vagina. This can make you unable to control your urination (incontinent). […] Also, your genital area may get infected or sore, and you can have pain during intercourse. […] Other symptoms of vaginal fistulas include: Fever, Belly pain, Diarrhea, Weight loss, Nausea, Vomiting. […] Vaginal fistulas can be upsetting and embarrassing when they leak and cause bad smells. But they can also cause complications like: Vaginal or urinary tract infections that keep coming back, Hygiene problems, Stool or gas that leaks through the vagina, Irritated or inflamed skin around your vagina or anus, A swollen clump of infected tissue with pus (abscess) that could be dangerous without treatment, Fistulas that come back. […] Women who have Crohns disease and develop a fistula have a high risk of complications, such as fistulas forming again later or fistulas that dont properly heal.

• #7 Vaginal Fistula

  https://www.stlukesonline.org/health-services/health-information/healthwise/2017/11/14/22/58/vaginal-fistula

  A vaginal fistula is usually painless. But a fistula lets urine or feces pass into your vagina. This is called incontinence. And it can cause soiling problems that you cannot control. […] If you have a vaginal fistula that opens into the urinary tract, you most likely will have urine leaking out of your vagina. […] If you have a vaginal fistula that opens to your rectum or colon, you most likely have foul-smelling discharge or gas coming from your vagina. […] Your vagina or vulva may get irritated or infected if you have a fistula.

• #8 Vaginal Fistula: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/womens/urogynecology/vaginal-fistula

  A vaginal fistula is an abnormal opening in the vagina that connects to another organ in the pelvic floor, such as your colon, urethra, bladder, or rectum. Although a vaginal fistula doesnt typically cause pain, it can lead to other problems that will require medical attention. […] Vaginal fistulas have a range of signs and symptoms. Fistula symptoms may differ depending on whether you have a genitourinary fistula that leads to the genital or urinary organs or a fistula between the vagina and digestive system. […] Symptoms of genitourinary vaginal fistulas: Recurring urinary tract infections (UTIs), Urinary incontinence or chronic urine leakage, Constant smell of urine, Pain during intercourse (dyspareunia), Skin irritation in the vagina, around the vulva, or between the vagina and anus, Kidney infections, Vaginal infections.

• #9 Vesicovaginal Fistula | UC Irvine Health | Department of Urology

  https://www.urology.uci.edu/female_urology_vesicovaginal_fistula.shtml

  A vesicovaginal fistula occurs when a fistula (abnormal connection between two organs or between an organ and a body surface) connects the bladder to the vagina. The most common symptom is a constant dribbling of urine through the vagina. […] Other less common symptoms include: The genital area may burn or sting from the constant flow of urine. Personal hygiene may become a problem. Painful intercourse is possible. Urinary tract infections may occur.

• #10 Vaginal Fistula: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/womens/urogynecology/vaginal-fistula

  A vaginal fistula is an abnormal opening in the vagina that connects to another organ in the pelvic floor, such as your colon, urethra, bladder, or rectum. Although a vaginal fistula doesnt typically cause pain, it can lead to other problems that will require medical attention. […] Vaginal fistulas have a range of signs and symptoms. Fistula symptoms may differ depending on whether you have a genitourinary fistula that leads to the genital or urinary organs or a fistula between the vagina and digestive system. […] Symptoms of genitourinary vaginal fistulas: Recurring urinary tract infections (UTIs), Urinary incontinence or chronic urine leakage, Constant smell of urine, Pain during intercourse (dyspareunia), Skin irritation in the vagina, around the vulva, or between the vagina and anus, Kidney infections, Vaginal infections.

• #11 Vaginal Fistula – Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment | CK Birla Hospital

  https://www.ckbhospital.com/blogs/vaginal-fistula-causes-symptoms-treatment/

  The symptoms are different based on the type of vaginal fistula. It helps to understand the signs of a vaginal fistula so you can know if you need to get a check-up done. […] Symptoms of urogenital fistula include: Urinary incontinence (urine leaking involuntarily through the vagina), Frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs), Pain in the vagina or bladder, Skin irritation in the vaginal and vulval area, Vaginal fistula discharge with odour. […] The most common type of urogenital fistula is a vesicovaginal fistula. It develops between the wall of the vagina and the bladder. This leads to urine leaking through the vagina and causes an odorous smell. […] Symptoms of Intestinal-vaginal fistula include: Passing gas involuntarily due to leakage of gas, Fecal incontinence (stool leakage), Pain or discomfort in the abdomen, Vaginal fistula discharge with odour, Vaginal infections, Pain or irritation in the vulva and vagina.

• #12 Vesicovaginal Fistula: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/womens-health/vesicovaginal-fistula

  The primary symptom of VVF is continuous vaginal discharge and pain with vaginal intercourse. But if the fistula is small, watery discharge after urination may be the only symptom. […] Other symptoms of VVF may include: abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, nausea and vomiting, unexplained weight loss. […] In most of the world, specifically low and middle income countries, prolonged labor is the main cause of VVF. If left untreated, VVF can cause shame, other health problems, and social isolation. […] For VVFs that have been found early, that are small, and that are noncancerous, conservative treatments may be up to almost 93 percent effective. […] If conservative treatment fails or isn’t an option, surgical repair may be performed. Surgical repair of VVF is greater than 97 percent effective. […] During fistula repair surgery, the opening where urine is leaking into your vagina is closed to stop the incontinence. If there’s any damage to your bladder, additional procedures may be needed. […] VVF can be a distressing condition, but it is manageable and treatable.

• #13 Vesicovaginal and Ureterovaginal Fistula Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/452934-clinical

  Suspect a possible fistula when a patient reports acute onset of urinary incontinence after recent gynecologic surgery (eg, hysterectomy or cesarean delivery), if the degree of incontinence is disproportional to the physical findings, or if the medical history and the nature of incontinence are inconsistent. […] Patients with vesicovaginal fistula often report painless unremitting urinary incontinence. This is also called total, or continuous, incontinence requiring the use of several thick pads per day. […] Acute onset of vesicovaginal fistula immediately after pelvic surgery does not cause constitutional symptoms. […] Conversely, patients with ureterovaginal fistula may experience constitutional symptoms of fever, chills, malaise, flank pain, and gastrointestinal symptoms in association with continuous urinary incontinence.

• #14 Urinary Tract Fistula After Hysterectomy: What are the Options?

  https://www.gaurology.com/urinary-tract-fistula/

  Severe continuous leakage of urine is a rare complication after routine hysterectomy. This can be a sign of a fistula between the bladder, vaginal wall, or the ureter and the vaginal wall. […] The main symptom of a urinary tract fistula to the vagina is nonstop leakage of urine. Associated symptoms include abdominal pain or fever if urine collects in the abdomen. The type of leakage associated with a fistula is more severe than the typical stress and urge incontinence that can also occur. […] In most cases, it requires surgical intervention to repair this complication.

• #15 Rectovaginal Fistula: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22260-rectovaginal-fistula

  Symptoms of a rectovaginal fistula include: […] Gas, pus or stool that leaks out of your vagina (fecal incontinence). […] Most women who have rectovaginal fistula repair recover fully. They no longer have symptoms. […] Rectovaginal fistulas can develop in a matter of days. Or they may form over several years. […] These openings form between your vagina and rectum, allowing gas and stool to leak out through your vagina.

• #16 Rectovaginal Fistulas

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2967329/

  Rectovaginal fistulas are abnormal epithelial-lined connections between the rectum and vagina. They can be quite bothersome to both the patient and the surgeon due to their irritating and embarrassing symptoms and high failure rate after repair. […] The most frequent symptoms are passage of flatus or liquid stool per vagina. Patients may also complain of a malodorous vaginal discharge and recurrent vaginitis. […] Patient symptoms usually depend on the size and location of a rectovaginal fistula. […] The incidence may increase with the severity of a Crohn’s flare-up, with one study noting an increase in incidence from 0.2% with mild flares to 2.1% with severe attacks. […] Rectovaginal fistula may occur in ulcerative colitis patients after ileo-anal pouch anastomoses with associated anastomotic leak or pelvic abscess. […] Rectovaginal fistulas have long been a very agonizing, symptomatic disease plaguing both the patient and surgeon.

• #17 Rectovaginal Fistula: Causes, Symptoms And Treatment

  https://www.netmeds.com/health-library/post/rectovaginal-fistula-causes-symptoms-and-treatment?srsltid=AfmBOorIUNVRsBJ0DtbFjZ7HqPyl5A12bFnxqO9vFeoN98AJMO5kN4g7

  The symptoms of a Rectovaginal fistula depend upon the size and location of the opening. It can either cause minor difficulties or lead to significant problems. Some of the characteristic signs and symptoms include: […] Faecal incontinence (leakage of gas, pus or stool from the vagina) […] Vaginal discharge with a foul smell […] Discharge of blood from the rectum or vagina (unrelated to menstrual flow) […] Irritation of the vaginal skin, vulva or perineum […] Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) […] Recurrent vaginal infections (vaginitis) […] Painful sexual intercourse.

• #18 Rectovaginal Fistula – Symptoms, Causes and Treatments | Apollo Hospitals

  https://www.apollohospitals.com/diseases-and-conditions/rectovaginal-fistula-symptoms-causes-and-treatments/

  Emission of gas or stool from the vaginal opening. […] Foul smell emitting from the normal vaginal discharge. […] Frequent repetition of infections in the vaginal or urinary tract. […] Feeling of immense pain during sexual intercourse. […] Abnormal pain persisting in the vagina and the space between the vagina and anus.

• #19 Rectovaginal fistula | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/rectovaginal-fistula

  The most common symptom of a rectovaginal fistula is passing gas or stool from the vagina. Depending on the fistula’s size and location, you may have only minor symptoms. Or you may have significant problems with stool and gas leakage and keeping the area clean. […] The condition may cause gas and stool to leak out of the vagina. This may lead to emotional distress and physical discomfort for you, which may impact your self-esteem and intimacy. […] See your health care provider if you have any symptoms of a rectovaginal fistula.

• #20 Vaginal Fistula Treatments NYC | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/care/obgyn/services/fistula-care

  A vaginal fistula is an abnormal opening between your vagina to another organ, such as the bladder, rectum, urethra, ureters, or the small or large intestine. A fistula allows urine, feces, and/or gas to pass through the vagina and can be difficult to correct. Fistulas develop for a variety of reasons including childbirth, surgical complications, inflammatory bowel disease, pelvic cancers, and radiation treatment. […] The most common symptom of a rectovaginal fistula is the incontrollable loss of gas through the vagina. If the connection is large enough, stool (feces) may also pass through the vagina. Depending on the size of the connection, this may only occur when the stool is very soft, as in diarrhea. If the connection is small, in addition to gas, there may also be small browning particles that will have the odor of feces.

• #21 Colovaginal Fistula – Dr Neeraj singh MD FACS FASCRS

  https://colorectaldoc.com/colovaginal-fistula/

  Patients can usually present with the symptoms including leakage of stool through the vaginal area, vaginal discharge or bleeding, vaginal and abdominal pain and sometimes urinary symptoms. […] Treatment includes use of medications/antibiotics and surgical intervention in the form of resection of the affected Colon / Colectomy or a possible vaginal repair/resection.

• #22 Vaginal Fistula: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/womens/urogynecology/vaginal-fistula

  Symptoms of fistulas between the vagina and digestive organs: Foul-smelling vaginal discharge, Reoccurring UTIs or kidney infections, Leaking pus, gas, or stool from the vagina, Diarrhea, Nausea and vomiting, Unexplained weight loss, Vaginal or rectal bleeding, Pain during intercourse. […] Most vaginal fistulas dont heal on their own. In addition to the lingering, unpleasant odor, other complications can arise if a fistula remains untreated, including: Recurring urinary and vaginal infections, Gas or stool leaking through the anus or vagina, Hygiene issues, Swollen or irritated skin around the anus or vagina, An abscess (inflamed and infected tissue with pus that would require treatment), Chronic fistula recurrence.

• #23 Fistulas | Symptoms & Treatment | CU Urogynecology | Denver, CO

  https://urogyn.coloradowomenshealth.com/conditions/colon-bowel/fistulas.html

  With vesicovaginal fistulas (a connection between the bladder and vagina), uncontrolled urinary incontinence is a likely symptom. […] With rectovaginal fistulas (a connection between the rectum and vagina), uncontrolled fecal incontinence through the vagina is a likely symptom. […] A vesicovaginal fistula, or a leak between the bladder and vagina, can be painless but will cause uncomfortable incontinence problems that cannot be controlled as urine continuously dribbles into the vagina upon entering the bladder. […] Women with a rectovaginal fistula, or a leak between the rectum and vagina, may include the passage of foul-smelling gas, stool or pus from the vagina, as well as pain during intercourse. […] Other symptoms common to both vaginal fistulas and rectovaginal fistulas include: Frequent infections, Diarrhea, Abdominal pain, Fever, Weight loss, Nausea, Vomiting.

• #24 Vaginal fistula – Vejthani Hospital | JCI Accredited International Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand.

  https://www.vejthani.com/diseases-conditions/vaginal-fistula/

  Vaginal fistula affects 50,000 to 100,000 women yearly around the world. […] The signs and symptoms depending on the organ the fistula has linked the vagina with such as in the urinary system or digestive system organs. Vaginal fistula between the urinary organs may include the following symptoms: Sore and irritated vaginal area, Urinary incontinence or leakage, Chronic urine odor, Pain during intercourse, Recurrent urinary tract infections, vaginal infections, and kidney infections. […] Common symptoms of vaginal fistulas between the vagina and the digestive system are: Vaginal discharge with foul odor, Abdominal pain, Fecal leakage or incontinence, Diarrhea, Nausea and vomiting, Painful intercourse, Recurrent UTIs or kidney infections, Rectal or vaginal bleeding, Unexplained weight loss.

• #25 Vaginal Fistula: Types, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22079-vaginal-fistula

  Vaginal fistulas that form between your vagina and nearby organs dont always cause pain. Your symptoms typically depend on where the fistula is, how large the opening is or other factors. You may notice any of the following symptoms if you have a fistula: […] A lack of blood supply to vaginal tissue causes the tissue to die or become damaged. A hole or fistula forms in the tissue where this damage occurs. These openings can develop in a few days or over several years. Rarely, a person is born with a vaginal fistula. […] Surgical treatments for vaginal fistulas are highly successful. Most women experience a full recovery and no longer have symptoms. […] Some fistulas dont heal properly or come back after treatment. Problems with healing are most likely to happen if you have cancer or Crohns disease. Living with symptoms of an untreated vaginal fistula can lead to depression or anxiety.

• #26 Vaginal Fistula: Types, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22079-vaginal-fistula

  Vaginal fistulas that form between your vagina and nearby organs dont always cause pain. Your symptoms typically depend on where the fistula is, how large the opening is or other factors. You may notice any of the following symptoms if you have a fistula: […] A lack of blood supply to vaginal tissue causes the tissue to die or become damaged. A hole or fistula forms in the tissue where this damage occurs. These openings can develop in a few days or over several years. Rarely, a person is born with a vaginal fistula. […] Surgical treatments for vaginal fistulas are highly successful. Most women experience a full recovery and no longer have symptoms. […] Some fistulas dont heal properly or come back after treatment. Problems with healing are most likely to happen if you have cancer or Crohns disease. Living with symptoms of an untreated vaginal fistula can lead to depression or anxiety.

• #27 Vaginal and Recto Vaginal Fistulas | Bladder & Bowel Community

  https://www.bladderandbowel.org/bladder/bladder-conditions-and-symptoms/vaginal-and-recto-vaginal-fistulas/

  A vaginal fistula is a tract or hole that has opened up from the vaginal wall and connects with another organ in the body. […] A fistula usually develops after tissue damage or trauma has occurred to the area. They can develop as quickly as several days or occur after several years of damage. […] The fistula itself doesn’t cause any pain or discomfort but it will cause unpleasant symptoms such as urine, faeces or wind passing through your vagina causing incontinence. […] The first thing you may notice is that you are unable to control urine or faeces from leaking from the vagina, which leads to incontinence issues.

• #28 Rectovaginal Fistula: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22260-rectovaginal-fistula

  Symptoms of a rectovaginal fistula include: […] Gas, pus or stool that leaks out of your vagina (fecal incontinence). […] Most women who have rectovaginal fistula repair recover fully. They no longer have symptoms. […] Rectovaginal fistulas can develop in a matter of days. Or they may form over several years. […] These openings form between your vagina and rectum, allowing gas and stool to leak out through your vagina.

• #29 Vesicovaginal and Ureterovaginal Fistula Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/452934-clinical

  Approximately 10-15% of fistulae do not manifest clinically for 10-30 days after the inciting procedure. Some fistulas may not manifest for months. […] A detailed pelvic examination reveals clear fluid pooling at the apex of the vagina. […] On close inspection, a pinpoint opening at the vaginal apex is often visible in patients with mature fistulas. […] When a fistula has not yet matured (immature fistula), the vaginal mucosa is inflamed and erythematous, with granulation tissue surrounding the fistulous tract.

• #30 Vesicovaginal and Ureterovaginal Fistula Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/452934-clinical

  Approximately 10-15% of fistulae do not manifest clinically for 10-30 days after the inciting procedure. Some fistulas may not manifest for months. […] A detailed pelvic examination reveals clear fluid pooling at the apex of the vagina. […] On close inspection, a pinpoint opening at the vaginal apex is often visible in patients with mature fistulas. […] When a fistula has not yet matured (immature fistula), the vaginal mucosa is inflamed and erythematous, with granulation tissue surrounding the fistulous tract.

• #31 Vaginal Fistula: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/womens/urogynecology/vaginal-fistula

  Symptoms of fistulas between the vagina and digestive organs: Foul-smelling vaginal discharge, Reoccurring UTIs or kidney infections, Leaking pus, gas, or stool from the vagina, Diarrhea, Nausea and vomiting, Unexplained weight loss, Vaginal or rectal bleeding, Pain during intercourse. […] Most vaginal fistulas dont heal on their own. In addition to the lingering, unpleasant odor, other complications can arise if a fistula remains untreated, including: Recurring urinary and vaginal infections, Gas or stool leaking through the anus or vagina, Hygiene issues, Swollen or irritated skin around the anus or vagina, An abscess (inflamed and infected tissue with pus that would require treatment), Chronic fistula recurrence.

• #32 Vaginal Fistula: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Treatments

  https://www.webmd.com/women/what-is-a-vaginal-fistula

  A vaginal fistula doesnt usually hurt, but it can cause some problems that need medical care. If you have a vesicovaginal fistula (an opening between your vagina and bladder), urine will constantly leak from your bladder into your vagina. This can make you unable to control your urination (incontinent). […] Also, your genital area may get infected or sore, and you can have pain during intercourse. […] Other symptoms of vaginal fistulas include: Fever, Belly pain, Diarrhea, Weight loss, Nausea, Vomiting. […] Vaginal fistulas can be upsetting and embarrassing when they leak and cause bad smells. But they can also cause complications like: Vaginal or urinary tract infections that keep coming back, Hygiene problems, Stool or gas that leaks through the vagina, Irritated or inflamed skin around your vagina or anus, A swollen clump of infected tissue with pus (abscess) that could be dangerous without treatment, Fistulas that come back. […] Women who have Crohns disease and develop a fistula have a high risk of complications, such as fistulas forming again later or fistulas that dont properly heal.

• #33 Vaginal Fistula

  https://www.stlukesonline.org/health-services/health-information/healthwise/2017/11/14/22/58/vaginal-fistula

  A vaginal fistula is usually painless. But a fistula lets urine or feces pass into your vagina. This is called incontinence. And it can cause soiling problems that you cannot control. […] If you have a vaginal fistula that opens into the urinary tract, you most likely will have urine leaking out of your vagina. […] If you have a vaginal fistula that opens to your rectum or colon, you most likely have foul-smelling discharge or gas coming from your vagina. […] Your vagina or vulva may get irritated or infected if you have a fistula.

• #34 Vesico-Vaginal Fistula – London Urology Specialists

  https://www.londonurologyspecialists.co.uk/vesico-vaginal-fistula/

  Bladder injury is sometimes recognised at the time of the initial surgery but on some occasions the hole develops later (days to weeks). […] This is a result of impaired blood supply and tissue necrosis (death), which causes tissue breakdown, leaving a hole. […] Fistula causes continuous leaking of urine through the vagina. […] In addition to the medical effects of urine leakage, vesico-vaginal fistulae cause huge emotional distress, and social isolation.

• #35 Obstetric fistula – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstetric_fistula

  Symptoms of obstetric fistula include: Flatulence, urinary incontinence, or fecal incontinence, which may be continual or only happen at night. […] It can result in incontinence of urine or feces. […] Other effects of obstetric fistulae include stillborn babies due to prolonged labor, which happens 85% to 100% of the time, severe ulcerations of the vaginal tract, „foot drop”, which is the paralysis of the lower limbs caused by nerve damage, making it impossible to walk, infection of the fistula forming an abscess, and up to two-thirds of sufferers become amenorrhoeic. […] The most direct consequence of an obstetric fistula is the constant leakage of urine, feces, and blood as a result of a hole that forms between the vagina and bladder or rectum. […] Nerve damage that can result from the leaking can cause women to struggle with walking and eventually lose mobility. […] Ulceration and infections can persist, as well as kidney disease and kidney failure, which can each lead to death. […] Some, due to obstetric fistulae and other complications from childbirth, do not survive. […] The physical symptoms depend upon the location of the fistula.

• #36 Rectovaginal Fistula | Colon & Rectal Surgical Specialists

  https://www.crssny.com/conditions/rectovaginal-fistula/

  The size and location of the fistula will determine what types of symptoms you see. Some patients notice stool or gas passing from the vagina, which can lead to recurrent vaginal or urinary tract infections. Some women experience pain or irritation in the vulva, vagina, or perineum. Others report pain while having sex. […] A fistula may be the first warning of more serious problems, including infection, abscess, or cancer.

• #37 Rectovaginal Fistula – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK535350/

  Rectovaginal fistula complications include fecal incontinence, associated hygiene issues, vaginal, perineal, or anal irritation, potential life-threatening abscess, and fistula recurrence. […] Typically patients can return to their regular routine a week or two following surgery, but it will probably be several months for complete healing to occur. These factors depend on the fistula’s size and how extensive the surgical intervention was.

• #38 Rectovaginal Fistula (RVF) | Loma Linda University Health

  https://lluh.org/conditions/rectovaginal-fistula-rvf

  Symptoms of a rectovaginal fistula include: […] Passage of gas or stool from the vagina […] Foul-smelling vaginal discharge […] Chronic vaginal infection […] Pain during intercourse […] Incontinence. […] Stay aware of the symptoms of this condition and seek medical intervention immediately if you begin experiencing them. […] If left untreated, rectovaginal fistula can lead to more serious complications.

• #39 Obstetric fistula – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstetric_fistula

  Symptoms of obstetric fistula include: Flatulence, urinary incontinence, or fecal incontinence, which may be continual or only happen at night. […] It can result in incontinence of urine or feces. […] Other effects of obstetric fistulae include stillborn babies due to prolonged labor, which happens 85% to 100% of the time, severe ulcerations of the vaginal tract, „foot drop”, which is the paralysis of the lower limbs caused by nerve damage, making it impossible to walk, infection of the fistula forming an abscess, and up to two-thirds of sufferers become amenorrhoeic. […] The most direct consequence of an obstetric fistula is the constant leakage of urine, feces, and blood as a result of a hole that forms between the vagina and bladder or rectum. […] Nerve damage that can result from the leaking can cause women to struggle with walking and eventually lose mobility. […] Ulceration and infections can persist, as well as kidney disease and kidney failure, which can each lead to death. […] Some, due to obstetric fistulae and other complications from childbirth, do not survive. […] The physical symptoms depend upon the location of the fistula.

• #40 Vaginal Fistula: Symptoms, Causes, Risk, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://ghealth121.com/treatments/vaginal-fistula/

  Vaginal fistulas are classified based on their location and the organs they affect: […] The symptoms of vaginal fistulas can vary depending on their type and location. Common symptoms include: Leakage of urine, gas, or stool through the vagina. Frequent urinary tract infections. Unusual odors in vaginal discharge. Pain during sexual intercourse. Swelling or irritation in the perineum, the area between the vagina and anus. Recurrent vaginal infections. […] Complications from vaginal fistulas can include: Recurring fistulas. Chronic pelvic infections. Stenosis (narrowing) of the vagina or rectum. Challenges in conception and potential pregnancy loss.

• #41 Vaginal Fistula: Types, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22079-vaginal-fistula

  Vaginal fistulas that form between your vagina and nearby organs dont always cause pain. Your symptoms typically depend on where the fistula is, how large the opening is or other factors. You may notice any of the following symptoms if you have a fistula: […] A lack of blood supply to vaginal tissue causes the tissue to die or become damaged. A hole or fistula forms in the tissue where this damage occurs. These openings can develop in a few days or over several years. Rarely, a person is born with a vaginal fistula. […] Surgical treatments for vaginal fistulas are highly successful. Most women experience a full recovery and no longer have symptoms. […] Some fistulas dont heal properly or come back after treatment. Problems with healing are most likely to happen if you have cancer or Crohns disease. Living with symptoms of an untreated vaginal fistula can lead to depression or anxiety.

• #42 Rectovaginal fistula | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/rectovaginal-fistula

  The most common symptom of a rectovaginal fistula is passing gas or stool from the vagina. Depending on the fistula’s size and location, you may have only minor symptoms. Or you may have significant problems with stool and gas leakage and keeping the area clean. […] The condition may cause gas and stool to leak out of the vagina. This may lead to emotional distress and physical discomfort for you, which may impact your self-esteem and intimacy. […] See your health care provider if you have any symptoms of a rectovaginal fistula.

• #43 How fistulas impacted my health, and my life

  https://crohnsandcolitis.org.uk/news-stories/blog-posts/how-fistulas-impacted-my-health-and-my-life

  Rachael has been through a lot with what she calls her „fiendish fistulas”. This complication of Crohn’s or Colitis can be distressing and there are quite a few different types. […] Rectovaginal fistulas impacted Rachael’s health, both physically and mentally, and it was a long journey to get to where she is today and achieve her PhD. […] A rectovaginal fistula is an abnormal connection between the rectum and the vagina. Fistulas can allow wind and faecal matter to pass through the vagina and cause infections, soreness, discharge, and abscesses. […] In 2014 my health began to deteriorate rapidly. I experienced lethargy, weight loss, pain, bleeding, and discharge from both the anal and vaginal areas, which were the first signs and symptoms of the developing fistulas. These were quickly followed by constant infections and abscesses and I couldn’t control the leaking faecal matter or wind.

• #44 How fistulas impacted my health, and my life

  https://crohnsandcolitis.org.uk/news-stories/blog-posts/how-fistulas-impacted-my-health-and-my-life

  While trying to keep clean became a 24-hour battle, the mental and emotional effects of the fistulas were having a huge impact upon my confidence and self-esteem. […] Both physically and mentally the fistulas continued to have a huge impact and I decided enough was enough. […] Living with Crohns and a fistula doesn’t just affect a person’s physical health but their mental and emotional health too. […] Rectovaginal fistulas can be terribly embarrassing and because of this good information, empathy and support are scant.

• #45 What to Know About Vaginal, Anal and Other Fistulas | Banner

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/healthcareblog/better-me/what-to-know-about-fistulas

  Symptoms can vary based on the location of the fistula and just how severe your fistula has become, but in most cases, symptoms can be very embarrassing and uncomfortable. […] In virtually all cases, symptoms can be devastating for patients and can lead to isolation and a substantially reduced quality of life, Dr. Twiss said. […] Depending on the type of fistula, symptoms might include: Fluid, feces, gas or urine leaking from the vagina; Pain or irritation in the external female genital organs, especially when you sit down, move around, go to the bathroom or cough; Frequent urinary tract infections; Nausea and/or vomiting; Skin sore that is open and draining fluid or feces; Diarrhea; Stomach or pelvic pain.

• #46 Rectovaginal Fistula | Intimate Wellness Institute

  https://iwiva.com/home-page/womens-speciality-care/urogynecology/bowel-issues/rectovaginal-fistula/

  Symptoms of a rectovaginal fistula include: […] Gas, pus or stool that leaks out of your vagina (fecal incontinence). […] Most people who have rectovaginal fistula repair recover fully. They no longer have symptoms. […] Living with symptoms of an untreated rectovaginal fistula can lead to infection, social isolation, depression or anxiety.

• #47 Vaginal Fistula: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/womens/urogynecology/vaginal-fistula/treatment

  A vaginal fistula is an irregular opening in the vagina that connects to another organ, such as your bladder, colon, urethra, or rectum. Although they usually arent painful, most vaginal fistula symptoms are unpleasant and may not go away on their own. […] Most vaginal fistulas require surgery in order to repair the irregular opening. The majority of these surgeries have positive outcomes. […] Surgical procedures for vaginal fistulas have a high success rate. The majority of patients make a full recovery and find relief from symptoms.

• #48 Vaginal Fistula: Types, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22079-vaginal-fistula

  Vaginal fistulas that form between your vagina and nearby organs dont always cause pain. Your symptoms typically depend on where the fistula is, how large the opening is or other factors. You may notice any of the following symptoms if you have a fistula: […] A lack of blood supply to vaginal tissue causes the tissue to die or become damaged. A hole or fistula forms in the tissue where this damage occurs. These openings can develop in a few days or over several years. Rarely, a person is born with a vaginal fistula. […] Surgical treatments for vaginal fistulas are highly successful. Most women experience a full recovery and no longer have symptoms. […] Some fistulas dont heal properly or come back after treatment. Problems with healing are most likely to happen if you have cancer or Crohns disease. Living with symptoms of an untreated vaginal fistula can lead to depression or anxiety.

• #49 Vaginal Fistula: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/womens/urogynecology/vaginal-fistula/treatment

  A vaginal fistula is an irregular opening in the vagina that connects to another organ, such as your bladder, colon, urethra, or rectum. Although they usually arent painful, most vaginal fistula symptoms are unpleasant and may not go away on their own. […] Most vaginal fistulas require surgery in order to repair the irregular opening. The majority of these surgeries have positive outcomes. […] Surgical procedures for vaginal fistulas have a high success rate. The majority of patients make a full recovery and find relief from symptoms.

• #50 Vesicovaginal Fistula: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/womens-health/vesicovaginal-fistula

  The primary symptom of VVF is continuous vaginal discharge and pain with vaginal intercourse. But if the fistula is small, watery discharge after urination may be the only symptom. […] Other symptoms of VVF may include: abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, nausea and vomiting, unexplained weight loss. […] In most of the world, specifically low and middle income countries, prolonged labor is the main cause of VVF. If left untreated, VVF can cause shame, other health problems, and social isolation. […] For VVFs that have been found early, that are small, and that are noncancerous, conservative treatments may be up to almost 93 percent effective. […] If conservative treatment fails or isn’t an option, surgical repair may be performed. Surgical repair of VVF is greater than 97 percent effective. […] During fistula repair surgery, the opening where urine is leaking into your vagina is closed to stop the incontinence. If there’s any damage to your bladder, additional procedures may be needed. […] VVF can be a distressing condition, but it is manageable and treatable.

• #51 Rectovaginal Fistula – Your Pelvic Floor

  https://www.yourpelvicfloor.org/conditions/rectovaginal-fistula/

  A rectovaginal fistula is an abnormal passage, or opening, between the rectum and vagina. While some women may have no symptoms, most complain of an uncontrollable passage of gas and/or stool through the vagina. This may be associated with rectal bleeding, foul-smelling discharge from the vagina, or recurrent vaginal or urinary tract infections. It is usually the incontinence of gas and stool that leads a woman to seek treatment. She may not know an abnormal passage is present between the rectum and vagina. […] The success rate for rectovaginal fistula repair is high, ranging from 90-95%. Patients with recurrent fistulas or a history of radiation may have a poorer outcome. Fecal incontinence, even with successful fistula repair, up to 30-40% of women may still experience fecal incontinence with leakage of stool or gas from the anus, especially if the fistula involved the anal muscles.

• #52 Vaginal fistulas – Urogynecology & Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery | Northwell Health

  https://www.northwell.edu/obstetrics-and-gynecology/urogynecology-pelvic-reconstructive-surgery/conditions/vaginal-fistulas

  The symptoms of a vaginal fistula are urine or feces being released through the vagina. Women who have a vaginal fistula may feel embarrassed by the condition, as it can cause vaginal leakage and unpleasant smells. […] Vaginal fistulas are typically repaired surgically through the vagina. This procedure has the lowest risk of complication. However, depending on the location and complexity of the fistula, it may be necessary to perform the surgery through the abdomen. Repairing fistula through the abdomen can be done via robotic surgery, which typically minimizes the size of the incision and the amount of pain for the patient. […] If a patient presents with a clean fistula and is in good health, the success rate of fistula surgery is high. The procedure, like any surgery, does carry the risk of bleeding, infection and damage to surrounding organs.

• #53 Vaginal Fistula: Types, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22079-vaginal-fistula

  Vaginal fistulas that form between your vagina and nearby organs dont always cause pain. Your symptoms typically depend on where the fistula is, how large the opening is or other factors. You may notice any of the following symptoms if you have a fistula: […] A lack of blood supply to vaginal tissue causes the tissue to die or become damaged. A hole or fistula forms in the tissue where this damage occurs. These openings can develop in a few days or over several years. Rarely, a person is born with a vaginal fistula. […] Surgical treatments for vaginal fistulas are highly successful. Most women experience a full recovery and no longer have symptoms. […] Some fistulas dont heal properly or come back after treatment. Problems with healing are most likely to happen if you have cancer or Crohns disease. Living with symptoms of an untreated vaginal fistula can lead to depression or anxiety.

• #54 Vaginal Fistula: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Treatments

  https://www.webmd.com/women/what-is-a-vaginal-fistula

  A vaginal fistula doesnt usually hurt, but it can cause some problems that need medical care. If you have a vesicovaginal fistula (an opening between your vagina and bladder), urine will constantly leak from your bladder into your vagina. This can make you unable to control your urination (incontinent). […] Also, your genital area may get infected or sore, and you can have pain during intercourse. […] Other symptoms of vaginal fistulas include: Fever, Belly pain, Diarrhea, Weight loss, Nausea, Vomiting. […] Vaginal fistulas can be upsetting and embarrassing when they leak and cause bad smells. But they can also cause complications like: Vaginal or urinary tract infections that keep coming back, Hygiene problems, Stool or gas that leaks through the vagina, Irritated or inflamed skin around your vagina or anus, A swollen clump of infected tissue with pus (abscess) that could be dangerous without treatment, Fistulas that come back. […] Women who have Crohns disease and develop a fistula have a high risk of complications, such as fistulas forming again later or fistulas that dont properly heal.

• #55 Rectovaginal Fistulas

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2967329/

  Rectovaginal fistulas are abnormal epithelial-lined connections between the rectum and vagina. They can be quite bothersome to both the patient and the surgeon due to their irritating and embarrassing symptoms and high failure rate after repair. […] The most frequent symptoms are passage of flatus or liquid stool per vagina. Patients may also complain of a malodorous vaginal discharge and recurrent vaginitis. […] Patient symptoms usually depend on the size and location of a rectovaginal fistula. […] The incidence may increase with the severity of a Crohn’s flare-up, with one study noting an increase in incidence from 0.2% with mild flares to 2.1% with severe attacks. […] Rectovaginal fistula may occur in ulcerative colitis patients after ileo-anal pouch anastomoses with associated anastomotic leak or pelvic abscess. […] Rectovaginal fistulas have long been a very agonizing, symptomatic disease plaguing both the patient and surgeon.

• #56 What is a fistula? – Signs and symptoms | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/impacts-of-cancer/fistula

  Fistulas caused by cancer are rare and can take many months or years to develop. […] If a fistula is between the ureter and vagina or between the bladder and vagina, you may have urine leaking through the vagina. […] If a fistula joins the vagina and bowel, you may have the following symptoms: vaginal discharge that smells unpleasant, passing wind and stools (poo) through the vagina, redness and soreness of the vagina (vaginitis), redness and soreness of the skin around the area. […] Fistulas can take weeks or months to heal. Unfortunately, some fistulas may never heal. But it is often possible to control the symptoms successfully. […] If a fistula is affecting the bowel, especially the small bowel, you may lose a lot of fluid. This can cause dehydration and affect the balance of nutrients in your body. […] If you are losing a lot of fluid from the bowel, especially the small bowel, you may not be getting enough nutrients to keep your body healthy.

• #57 Rectovaginal Fistulas

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2967329/

  Rectovaginal fistulas are abnormal epithelial-lined connections between the rectum and vagina. They can be quite bothersome to both the patient and the surgeon due to their irritating and embarrassing symptoms and high failure rate after repair. […] The most frequent symptoms are passage of flatus or liquid stool per vagina. Patients may also complain of a malodorous vaginal discharge and recurrent vaginitis. […] Patient symptoms usually depend on the size and location of a rectovaginal fistula. […] The incidence may increase with the severity of a Crohn’s flare-up, with one study noting an increase in incidence from 0.2% with mild flares to 2.1% with severe attacks. […] Rectovaginal fistula may occur in ulcerative colitis patients after ileo-anal pouch anastomoses with associated anastomotic leak or pelvic abscess. […] Rectovaginal fistulas have long been a very agonizing, symptomatic disease plaguing both the patient and surgeon.

• #58 Rectovaginal Fistula – Your Pelvic Floor

  https://www.yourpelvicfloor.org/conditions/rectovaginal-fistula/

  Some women are never cured of their fistula, meaning it never fully closes. However, surgery often shrinks the fistula to such a small size that an acceptable outcome is reached, and further surgery is declined. Sometimes a surgical thread, called a se-ton, is placed through the fistula to help control drainage and again, symptoms are controlled such that no further surgery is required.

• #59 Rectovaginal Fistula – Your Pelvic Floor

  https://www.yourpelvicfloor.org/conditions/rectovaginal-fistula/

  A rectovaginal fistula is an abnormal passage, or opening, between the rectum and vagina. While some women may have no symptoms, most complain of an uncontrollable passage of gas and/or stool through the vagina. This may be associated with rectal bleeding, foul-smelling discharge from the vagina, or recurrent vaginal or urinary tract infections. It is usually the incontinence of gas and stool that leads a woman to seek treatment. She may not know an abnormal passage is present between the rectum and vagina. […] The success rate for rectovaginal fistula repair is high, ranging from 90-95%. Patients with recurrent fistulas or a history of radiation may have a poorer outcome. Fecal incontinence, even with successful fistula repair, up to 30-40% of women may still experience fecal incontinence with leakage of stool or gas from the anus, especially if the fistula involved the anal muscles.

• #60 Rectovaginal Fistula – Your Pelvic Floor

  https://www.yourpelvicfloor.org/conditions/rectovaginal-fistula/

  Some women are never cured of their fistula, meaning it never fully closes. However, surgery often shrinks the fistula to such a small size that an acceptable outcome is reached, and further surgery is declined. Sometimes a surgical thread, called a se-ton, is placed through the fistula to help control drainage and again, symptoms are controlled such that no further surgery is required.

• #61 Rectovaginal Fistula – Pelvic Floor Center

  https://pelvicfloorcenter.org/rectovaginal-fistula/

  A rectovaginal fistula is a medical condition where there is a fistula or abnormal connection between the rectum and the vagina. Although generally uncommon, rectovaginal fistulas may be extremely debilitating. If the fistula is wide it will allow both gas and stool to escape from the rectum into the vagina, leading to fecal incontinence. Patients can experience recurrent urinary and vaginal infections due to this leakage. The severity of symptoms will depend on the size of fistula. […] Rectovaginal fistula can also be a symptom of various diseases, including Crohn’s disease or less commonly rectal cancer. […] After diagnosing a new rectovaginal fistula, it is best to wait for 3-6 months to allow the inflammation to subside. Surgical treatment of a rectovaginal fistula can greatly improve a patient’s quality of life. However, these can be challenging to repair successfully, and many patients require multiple attempts at repair. Several different operations have been described to fix rectovaginal fistulas. The most common surgical options are a sliding endorectal advancement flap or an overlapping sphincter repair.

• #62 Rectovaginal Fistula – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK535350/

  Rectovaginal fistula complications include fecal incontinence, associated hygiene issues, vaginal, perineal, or anal irritation, potential life-threatening abscess, and fistula recurrence. […] Typically patients can return to their regular routine a week or two following surgery, but it will probably be several months for complete healing to occur. These factors depend on the fistula’s size and how extensive the surgical intervention was.

• #63 Valerie’s search for expert rectovaginal fistula care leads her back to the worry-free life she thought was gone | University of Iowa Health Care

  https://uihc.org/patient-story/valeries-search-expert-rectovaginal-fistula-care-leads-her-back-worry-free-life-she

  For more than six years, Valerie Powell, of Pleasant Hill, Iowa, endured the distress and discomfort of a rectovaginal fistula. […] Those symptoms included stool periodically leaking through her vagina. […] Rectovaginal fistula is an irregular connection between the rectum and the vagina. Along with the bowel control issues, primarily loss of stool through the vagina, rectovaginal fistulas can lead to other symptoms, such as pain and irritation and frequent urinary tract infections. […] I was in such a depressive mood following the failure, Valerie says. There was a lot of physical discomfort as well. […] Now fully recovered from surgery and free of any dietary or activity restrictions, Valerie is enjoying a life without health worries for the first time in years and turning her full attention to caring for her children, ages 7, 5, and 2. […] I’m now symptom-free, Valerie says. My life is back to the way it was seven years ago.

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