Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Fecal incontinence treatment – Mankato – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/mankato/services-and-treatments/gastroenterology-and-hepatology/digestive-and-liver-disorders/fecal-incontinence

  Fecal incontinence is the inability to control bowel movements, causing stool (feces) to leak unexpectedly from the rectum. Also called bowel incontinence, fecal incontinence ranges from an occasional leakage of stool while passing gas to a complete loss of bowel control. […] Depending on the cause of fecal incontinence, treatment options can include, medications, exercises, or surgery. […] If muscle damage is causing fecal incontinence, your doctor may recommend a program of exercise and other therapies to restore muscle strength. These treatments can improve anal sphincter control and the awareness of the urge to defecate. […] Treating fecal incontinence may require surgery to correct an underlying problem, such as rectal prolapse or sphincter damage caused by childbirth. […] The options include: Sphincteroplasty This procedure repairs a damaged or weakened anal sphincter that occurred during childbirth. […] Treating rectal prolapse, a rectocele or hemorrhoids Surgical correction of these problems will likely reduce or eliminate fecal incontinence. […] Colostomy (bowel diversion) This surgery diverts stool through an opening in the abdomen.

• #2 Bowel incontinence: Symptoms, treatment, and prevention

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/165583

  Fecal incontinence is a common condition, affecting around 18 million people, or 1 in 12 adults, in the United States. […] In some cases, bowel incontinence resolves on its own, but it usually requires treatment. […] Treatments for bowel incontinence aim to help restore bowel control or reduce its severity. Options include medications, dietary changes, bowel training, stool impaction therapy. If these do not work, surgery may be recommended. […] A change of diet can sometimes relieve bowel incontinence. A food diary can help monitor the impact of different foods. […] Patients with poor sphincter control or low awareness of the urge to defecate may find a bowel training program effective. […] This is another type of bowel training. […] Stool impaction treatment may be needed to remove an impacted stool, if other treatment is not effective.

• #3

  https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/fecal-incontinence-expanded

  Fecal incontinence is a major burden to both patients and society. […] Treatment for fecal incontinence can significantly improve a patients quality of life. […] There are a variety of treatments for fecal incontinence that include non-invasive treatments, medications, and surgical treatments. […] For milder forms of incontinence, a trial of these non-operative therapies is often the best option to try first. […] Surgical therapies for fecal incontinence include injection of biomaterials into the anal canal, radiofrequency treatment of the anal canal, repair of anal muscle injuries, sacral nerve stimulation, artificial bowel sphincter, muscle transposition to reinforce the anal sphincter, and creation of a stoma. […] Direct repair of injured anal sphincter muscles (sphincteroplasty) is a well-established therapy for patients with incontinence due to a sphincter injury.

• #4 Fecal incontinence – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fecal-incontinence/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351403

  The goals of therapy are to manage conditions that cause or worsen fecal incontinence and to improve the function of the rectum and anus. […] The first step is making changes to diet and lifestyle habits. These may include: […] Your healthcare professional may recommend medicines or supplements to treat conditions related to fecal incontinence. […] Exercises help strengthen the muscles of the anus, rectum and pelvic floor. These exercises can improve your control over when you pass stool. […] Other treatments may be used when more conservative treatments don’t work. […] Surgery may be necessary to correct an underlying problem, such as rectal prolapse, that causes fecal incontinence. Surgery also is used when other treatments are not working.

• #5

  https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/fecal-incontinence

  Fecal incontinence (also called anal or bowel incontinence) is the impaired ability to control the passage of gas or stool. This is a common problem, but often not discussed due to embarrassment. Failure to seek treatment can result in social isolation and a negative impact on quality of life. […] There are nonsurgical and surgical treatment options that can be used based on the cause and severity of the problem. Your colon and rectal surgeon will discuss the different treatment methods and help you decide on the approach that is best for you. […] Mild problems may be treated simply by changing ones diet. […] Specific medications can result in firmer stools, enabling improved bowel control. […] Treating these underlying diseases may improve or even eliminate symptoms of incontinence.

• #6 New Options for the Treatment of Fecal Incontinence

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3096428/

  Fecal incontinence, the loss of anal sphincter control leading to the unwanted release of stool or gas, is a physical and psychological handicap that has a tremendous impact on an individual’s quality of life. […] While medical management is the mainstay of therapy for fecal incontinence for patients who fail non-invasive treatments, a variety of new techniques are available to treat this debilitating problem. The standard surgical treatment for fecal incontinence still remains direct sphincter repair with an overlapping sphincteroplasty. Other modalities include biofeedback, the Procon incontinence device, local injection of synthetic materials, radio frequency energy (Secca procedure), antegrade colonic enemas (ACE), sphincteroplasty, gluteoplasty, graciloplasty both simulated and non-stimulated, the artificial bowel sphincter, and sacral nerve stimulation.

• #7 Treatment of Fecal Incontinence – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/treatment

  The first step in treating your fecal incontinence is to see a doctor. Your doctor will talk to you about the causes of fecal incontinence and how they can be treated. Simple treatments such as diet changes, medicines, bowel training, and exercises to strengthen your pelvic floor muscles can improve symptoms by about 60 percent. These treatments can stop fecal incontinence in 1 out of 5 people. […] Your doctor can recommend ways you can help manage and treat your fecal incontinence. Your doctor can also recommend ways to relieve anal discomfort and cope with your fecal incontinence. […] You can help manage and treat your fecal incontinence in the following ways. […] Wearing absorbent pads inside your underwear is the most frequently used treatment for fecal incontinence. For milder forms of fecal incontinence, wearing absorbent pads may make a big difference in your quality of life. Wearing absorbent pads can be combined with other treatments.

• #8 Fecal incontinence – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fecal_incontinence

  Dietary modification may be important for successful management. Both diarrhea and constipation can contribute to different cases, so dietary advice must be tailored to address the underlying cause or it may be ineffective or counterproductive. In persons with disease aggravated by diarrhea or those with rectal loading by soft stools, the following suggestions may be beneficial: increase dietary fiber; reduce wholegrain cereals and bread; reduce fruit and vegetables which contain natural laxative compounds; limit beans, pulses, cabbage and sprouts; reduce spices; reduce artificial sweeteners; reduce alcohol; reduce lactose if there is some degree of lactase deficiency; and reduce caffeine. […] Pharmacological management may include anti-diarrheal or constipating agents and laxatives or stool bulking agents. Stopping or substituting any previous medication that causes diarrhea may be helpful in some. There is no good evidence for the use of any medications, however. In people who have undergone gallbladder removal, the bile acid sequestrant cholestyramine may help minor degrees of fecal incontinence.

• #9 Treatment of Fecal Incontinence – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/treatment

  Changing what you eat can help prevent or relieve your fecal incontinence. If diarrhea is the problem, your doctor will recommend avoiding foods and drinks that make your diarrhea worse. […] Depending on the cause, over-the-counter medicines can help reduce or relieve your fecal incontinence. If diarrhea is causing your fecal incontinence, your doctor may recommend medicines such as loperamide (Imodium) and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate). If constipation is causing your fecal incontinence, your doctor may recommend laxatives, stool softeners, or fiber supplements such as psyllium (Metamucil) or methylcellulose (Citrucel). […] Your doctor may recommend that you train yourself to have bowel movements at certain times of the day, such as after meals. Developing regular bowel movements may take weeks to months to improve fecal incontinence.

• #10 Fecal Incontinence | Baylor Medicine

  https://www.bcm.edu/healthcare/specialties/obstetrics-and-gynecology/urogynecology-and-reconstructive-pelvic-surgery/fecal-incontinence

  In most cases, fecal incontinence will improve with conservative treatments such as behavior modification, diet changes, and pelvic floor muscle exercises, however, some women need more advanced therapies. […] Strategies for the treatment of fecal incontinence include: Dietary changes, Adjust fiber intake gradually. A fiber supplement containing psyllium husk fiber is typically needed to help produce firmer, bulkier stools, which are easier to control. Limit caffeine, alcohol, and artificial sweeteners, which can lead to loose stools that are more difficult to control. […] Medications such as loperamide/Imodium can slow the passage of material through the colon and increase the ability of the anal sphincter to control stool. […] Physical therapy is one of the best ways to treat anal/fecal incontinence. Women can work with specialized physical therapists to learn how to improve their anal sphincter and pelvic floor muscle function.

• #11 Treatment of Fecal Incontinence – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/treatment

  Changing what you eat can help prevent or relieve your fecal incontinence. If diarrhea is the problem, your doctor will recommend avoiding foods and drinks that make your diarrhea worse. […] Depending on the cause, over-the-counter medicines can help reduce or relieve your fecal incontinence. If diarrhea is causing your fecal incontinence, your doctor may recommend medicines such as loperamide (Imodium) and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate). If constipation is causing your fecal incontinence, your doctor may recommend laxatives, stool softeners, or fiber supplements such as psyllium (Metamucil) or methylcellulose (Citrucel). […] Your doctor may recommend that you train yourself to have bowel movements at certain times of the day, such as after meals. Developing regular bowel movements may take weeks to months to improve fecal incontinence.

• #12 Treatments for Fecal Incontinence | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program

  https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/fecal-incontinence/consumer

  Treatments for Fecal Incontinence […] This summary will answer these questions: […] What are treatment options for FI? […] Many treatments have been used to help people with FI: […] Dietary fiber supplements, antidiarrhea medicines, bowel training, pelvic floor exercises (sometimes done with biofeedback), anal sphincter bulking shots, surgery. […] Dietary fiber supplements, such as psyllium, can help make your stool less loose. […] If your FI is caused by diarrhea, a medicine can help stop the diarrhea. […] Bowel training means trying to have a bowel movement at certain times of the day. […] For pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), you squeeze and release the muscles you use to stop a bowel movement. […] Anal sphincter bulking shots may help build up the tissue around the anus.

• #13 Fecal Incontinence Treatment: InterStim Therapy | Denver Urogynecology

  https://urogyn.coloradowomenshealth.com/blog/fecal-incontinence-treatment-interstim.html

  Bowel incontinence, also known as fecal incontinence (FI), prevents individuals from controlling their bowel movements and affects an estimated 8.3 percent of U.S. adults. […] Treatment for fecal incontinence starts with behavioral therapy. Dietary changes include: low residue diet (the restriction of fiber and other foods that are harder for your body to digest); avoiding flatus producing foods; decreasing carbonated beverages; and avoiding sipping of liquids. Fiber supplementation is also useful for incontinence of liquid or loose stool. […] Other therapy includes medications like loperamide (Imodium), which reduces stool weight, eases fecal frequency by slowing transit time and stimulates anal sphincter function by increasing the resting pressure of internal anal sphincter. […] Options for surgical repairs have historically included a procedure to unite the separated ends of the anal sphincter muscle called an anal sphincteroplasty.

• #14 Bowel incontinence: Symptoms, treatment, and prevention

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/165583

  Fecal incontinence is a common condition, affecting around 18 million people, or 1 in 12 adults, in the United States. […] In some cases, bowel incontinence resolves on its own, but it usually requires treatment. […] Treatments for bowel incontinence aim to help restore bowel control or reduce its severity. Options include medications, dietary changes, bowel training, stool impaction therapy. If these do not work, surgery may be recommended. […] A change of diet can sometimes relieve bowel incontinence. A food diary can help monitor the impact of different foods. […] Patients with poor sphincter control or low awareness of the urge to defecate may find a bowel training program effective. […] This is another type of bowel training. […] Stool impaction treatment may be needed to remove an impacted stool, if other treatment is not effective.

• #15 Treatment of Fecal Incontinence – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/treatment

  Changing what you eat can help prevent or relieve your fecal incontinence. If diarrhea is the problem, your doctor will recommend avoiding foods and drinks that make your diarrhea worse. […] Depending on the cause, over-the-counter medicines can help reduce or relieve your fecal incontinence. If diarrhea is causing your fecal incontinence, your doctor may recommend medicines such as loperamide (Imodium) and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate). If constipation is causing your fecal incontinence, your doctor may recommend laxatives, stool softeners, or fiber supplements such as psyllium (Metamucil) or methylcellulose (Citrucel). […] Your doctor may recommend that you train yourself to have bowel movements at certain times of the day, such as after meals. Developing regular bowel movements may take weeks to months to improve fecal incontinence.

• #16 Patient education: Fecal incontinence (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/fecal-incontinence-beyond-the-basics

  Medications that reduce stool frequency — The frequency of stools can be reduced with medications that are usually prescribed for diarrhea, such as loperamide (Imodium) and the prescription drug diphenoxylate-atropine (Lomotil). Loperamide can also increase the tone (tightness) of the anal sphincter muscle. […] Anticholinergic medications — When taken before meals, anticholinergic medications (such as the prescription drug hyoscyamine) can decrease the incontinence that occurs after meals in some people. […] Treatment of impaction — People who have become impacted (when the rectum is full of hard stool) may benefit from rectal suppositories or enemas, or potentially need to have this stool removed in the office. After disimpaction, the person will be given one or more medications to keep the bowels moving on a regular basis.

• #17 Bowel Incontinence Treatments | Bladder & Bowel Community

  https://www.bladderandbowel.org/bowel/bowel-treatments/faecal-incontinence-treatments/

  Anti-motility/ antidiarrhoeals such as loperamide, more commonly known as Imodium can be purchased over-the-counter. They work by slowing the gut transit making your stools firmer and pass less frequently as a treatment for bowel incontinence. […] Faecal incontinence can be caused by overflow from constipation and impaction. To combat this you may be initially prescribed a bulking agent such a Fybogel to soften the stool and bulk up the contents making it easier to pass. […] Rectal irrigation is also known as anal irrigation or trans-anal irrigation is a method that involves emptying the bowel by washing it out using a specialised pump, water and irrigation tube. This is an effective treatment in the management of chronic constipation and faecal incontinence. […] Injectable therapies are a less invasive treatment option to surgery if conservative methods have failed to improve the condition. This involves injecting a gel into the anal canal to bulk up the tissues and prevent leakage and improve bowel control.

• #18 Treatment of Fecal Incontinence – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/treatment

  Changing what you eat can help prevent or relieve your fecal incontinence. If diarrhea is the problem, your doctor will recommend avoiding foods and drinks that make your diarrhea worse. […] Depending on the cause, over-the-counter medicines can help reduce or relieve your fecal incontinence. If diarrhea is causing your fecal incontinence, your doctor may recommend medicines such as loperamide (Imodium) and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate). If constipation is causing your fecal incontinence, your doctor may recommend laxatives, stool softeners, or fiber supplements such as psyllium (Metamucil) or methylcellulose (Citrucel). […] Your doctor may recommend that you train yourself to have bowel movements at certain times of the day, such as after meals. Developing regular bowel movements may take weeks to months to improve fecal incontinence.

• #19 Patient education: Fecal incontinence (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/fecal-incontinence-beyond-the-basics

  Medications that reduce stool frequency — The frequency of stools can be reduced with medications that are usually prescribed for diarrhea, such as loperamide (Imodium) and the prescription drug diphenoxylate-atropine (Lomotil). Loperamide can also increase the tone (tightness) of the anal sphincter muscle. […] Anticholinergic medications — When taken before meals, anticholinergic medications (such as the prescription drug hyoscyamine) can decrease the incontinence that occurs after meals in some people. […] Treatment of impaction — People who have become impacted (when the rectum is full of hard stool) may benefit from rectal suppositories or enemas, or potentially need to have this stool removed in the office. After disimpaction, the person will be given one or more medications to keep the bowels moving on a regular basis.

• #20

  https://www.laparoscopyhospital.com/forum/forum.php?p=&cat_id=&tid=3675

  Managing bowel incontinence often involves a combination of lifestyle adjustments, dietary modifications, and sometimes medication or supplements. Here are some strategies that might help: Lifestyle and Dietary Modifications Dietary Fiber: Both increasing or decreasing fiber intake can help, depending on the nature of the incontinence (constipation-related or diarrhea-related). Soluble fiber, found in foods like oats, bananas, and apples, can help form firmer stools. Fiber supplements like psyllium husk may also be helpful. Hydration: Drink plenty of water, as dehydration can lead to constipation, which can worsen incontinence. Avoid excessive caffeine, carbonated drinks, and alcohol, as these can be irritating to the digestive tract. Frequent Small Meals: Eating smaller meals throughout the day, rather than large meals, can prevent overstimulation of the digestive system. Avoid Triggers: Identify and limit foods that may worsen symptoms, such as spicy foods, artificial sweeteners, fatty or fried foods, dairy, and foods high in sugar or fructose. Exercise and Core Strength: Regular physical activity can improve digestion and overall bowel health. Specific exercises to strengthen pelvic floor muscles, known as Kegel exercises, can improve bowel control. Consult a physical therapist for guidance on these exercises. Medications and Supplements Anti-diarrheal Medications: Over-the-counter medications like loperamide (Imodium) can help reduce episodes of diarrhea. Use these under a doctors guidance, especially if you have any other bowel conditions. Bulk-forming Agents: Fiber supplements, like methylcellulose or psyllium, can add bulk to stools, making them easier to control. Probiotics: Probiotics can help balance the gut microbiome and improve symptoms for some individuals. Look for strains like Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Prescription Medications: If over-the-counter options aren’t effective, a doctor may prescribe medications to help regulate bowel movements or address underlying causes. Vitamin D and Magnesium: Deficiencies in certain nutrients, particularly Vitamin D and magnesium, can affect digestive health. Magnesium helps regulate bowel movements, but its important to use it cautiously, as too much can cause diarrhea. Additional Support Scheduled Bathroom Visits: Going to the bathroom at regular intervals can train your body to establish a more predictable routine. Pelvic Floor Therapy: A physical therapist specialized in pelvic floor therapy can guide you through exercises to strengthen the muscles that support bowel control. Skin Care: Incontinence can irritate the skin, so consider using protective creams or barrier products to prevent irritation.

• #21 Fecal incontinence – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fecal-incontinence/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351403

  The goals of therapy are to manage conditions that cause or worsen fecal incontinence and to improve the function of the rectum and anus. […] The first step is making changes to diet and lifestyle habits. These may include: […] Your healthcare professional may recommend medicines or supplements to treat conditions related to fecal incontinence. […] Exercises help strengthen the muscles of the anus, rectum and pelvic floor. These exercises can improve your control over when you pass stool. […] Other treatments may be used when more conservative treatments don’t work. […] Surgery may be necessary to correct an underlying problem, such as rectal prolapse, that causes fecal incontinence. Surgery also is used when other treatments are not working.

• #22 Treatment of Fecal Incontinence – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/treatment

  Pelvic floor muscle exercises, also called Kegel exercises, can improve fecal incontinence symptoms. Tightening and relaxing your pelvic floor muscles many times a day can strengthen the muscles in your anus, pelvic floor, and rectum. […] How doctors treat fecal incontinence depends on the cause. Your doctor may recommend one or more of the following treatments: […] Biofeedback therapy uses devices to help you learn how to do exercises to strengthen your pelvic floor muscles. […] Doctors use sacral nerve stimulation, a type of electrical stimulation, when the nerves are not working properly. […] If over-the-counter medicines to treat your fecal incontinence aren’t helping your symptoms, your doctor may prescribe prescription medicines that are stronger. […] For women with fecal incontinence, your doctor may prescribe a device that inflates a balloon inside your vagina.

• #23 Treatment of Fecal Incontinence – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/treatment

  Changing what you eat can help prevent or relieve your fecal incontinence. If diarrhea is the problem, your doctor will recommend avoiding foods and drinks that make your diarrhea worse. […] Depending on the cause, over-the-counter medicines can help reduce or relieve your fecal incontinence. If diarrhea is causing your fecal incontinence, your doctor may recommend medicines such as loperamide (Imodium) and bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate). If constipation is causing your fecal incontinence, your doctor may recommend laxatives, stool softeners, or fiber supplements such as psyllium (Metamucil) or methylcellulose (Citrucel). […] Your doctor may recommend that you train yourself to have bowel movements at certain times of the day, such as after meals. Developing regular bowel movements may take weeks to months to improve fecal incontinence.

• #24 Bowel Incontinence Treatments | Bladder & Bowel Community

  https://www.bladderandbowel.org/bowel/bowel-treatments/faecal-incontinence-treatments/

  Training your pelvic floor muscles can help improve your bowel control and this is as important for men as it is for women. This guide explains how to perform pelvic floor exercises. […] Bowel retraining involves establishing your bowel into a regular routine and retraining your brain to hold on. You start by going to the bathroom when you get the urge to go and hold for 1 minute before sitting down. Gradually increase the length of time until you feel more confident with your control. […] Biofeedback is a type of bowel training exercise. It involves placing a small electric probe into the rectum and a sensor will measure movement and pressure from the sphincter muscles. […] Percutaneous Nerve Stimulation or PTNS as it is commonly known is a treatment that directly stimulates the nerves responsible for bowel control and is a method that can be used to bowel incontinence (faecal incontinence).

• #25 Patient education: Fecal incontinence (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/fecal-incontinence-beyond-the-basics

  Defecation programs — When incontinence is related to a disability or mental health condition, a clinician will often recommend a scheduled toileting program. This usually involves sitting on the toilet at a regular time every day, after a meal. Incontinence is less likely to occur if the person empties their bowels regularly. […] Biofeedback — Anorectal biofeedback is a safe and noninvasive way of strengthening the anal sphincter and puborectalis muscles. During anorectal biofeedback, sensors may be used to help the patient identify and contract the anal sphincter muscles, which can help to isolate the appropriate muscles to strengthen. […] Most studies have shown biofeedback to be effective. The patient most likely to benefit from this therapy is someone who has the ability to contract their anal sphincter muscle and have some sensation when they need to have a bowel movement.

• #26 Fecal Incontinence Treatment & Management: Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy, Preoperative Details

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/268674-treatment

  Conservative treatment options for fecal incontinence include bulking agents and biofeedback. […] The goal of medical therapy is to reduce stool frequency and improve stool consistency. […] Mild incontinence can often be improved by initiating simple conservative measures. […] For patients with infrequent, low volume stools, bulking agents are helpful, as formed stools are easier to control than liquid stools. […] Biofeedback is a safe, minimally invasive behavioral technique that uses auditory or visual feedback to reeducate the pelvic floor musculature. […] Several studies have demonstrated a significant improvement in fecal incontinence by treatment with biofeedback. […] Biofeedback techniques have also been used to demonstrate anal sphincter pressures or activity to the patient, thereby enabling teaching of anal sphincter exercises and giving feedback on performance and progress.

• #27 Fecal Incontinence Treatment & Management: Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy, Preoperative Details

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/268674-treatment

  Conservative treatment options for fecal incontinence include bulking agents and biofeedback. […] The goal of medical therapy is to reduce stool frequency and improve stool consistency. […] Mild incontinence can often be improved by initiating simple conservative measures. […] For patients with infrequent, low volume stools, bulking agents are helpful, as formed stools are easier to control than liquid stools. […] Biofeedback is a safe, minimally invasive behavioral technique that uses auditory or visual feedback to reeducate the pelvic floor musculature. […] Several studies have demonstrated a significant improvement in fecal incontinence by treatment with biofeedback. […] Biofeedback techniques have also been used to demonstrate anal sphincter pressures or activity to the patient, thereby enabling teaching of anal sphincter exercises and giving feedback on performance and progress.

• #28 Fecal Incontinence Treatment & Management: Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy, Preoperative Details

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/268674-treatment

  Biofeedback appears to be effective for neurogenic and idiopathic anal incontinence and for incontinence related to disruption of anal sphincters, but a recent Cochrane review did not demonstrate conclusive therapeutic benefits. […] Once medical therapy has been maximized, minimally invasive and surgical therapies may be considered. […] Several reports have described injection of various materials to augment the function of the internal anal sphincter. […] The standard procedure for anal incontinence due to anal sphincter disruption is the anterior overlapping sphincteroplasty. […] Anterior sphincteroplasty consists of dissecting out the external anal sphincter, dividing the scar tissue in the midline, and then overlapping the scar so that muscle is approximated to muscle as closely as possible.

• #29 Biofeedback as a Treatment of Fecal Incontinence or Constipation

  https://www.southcarolinablues.com/web/public/brands/medicalpolicy/external-policies/biofeedback-as-a-treatment-of-fecal-incontinence-or-constipation/

  The available evidence on biofeedback for fecal incontinence in adults and children includes RCTs and systematic reviews of those RCTs. The pooling results of the studies were limited by the heterogeneity of the interventions, comparators, and follow-up durations used. The studies generally failed to report significant differences between biofeedback and comparison groups in outcome improvements. […] For patients with dyssynergic constipation treated with biofeedback, several RCTs and a systematic review have reported improvements in constipation symptoms.

• #30 Fecal (Bowel) Incontinence: What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14574-fecal-bowel-incontinence

  Medications include anti-diarrheal drugs and medicines that treat constipation, like bulk laxatives, suppositories or enemas. […] Sphincteroplasty sews damaged anal sphincter muscles back together. A surgeon overlaps anal sphincter muscles and secures them on both sides, tightening your anal opening. […] Artificial anal sphincter involves implanting an artificial device (prosthesis) around your anus. It mimics the action of a normal anal muscle. […] Sacral nerve stimulation implants a small device (a neurotransmitter) under your skin in the area of your upper butt. The device sends mild electrical impulses to a nerve in your lower back (the sacral nerve), which influences your bladder, sphincter and pelvic floor muscles. […] Antegrade colonic enema (ACE) surgery is occasionally appropriate for people with fecal incontinence. Your surgeon creates a small pathway from the skin on your abdomen to your bowel. They insert a small tube you use to do a daily enema or washout to get rid of the poop in your colon.

• #31 Fecal Incontinence Treatment & Management: Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy, Preoperative Details

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/268674-treatment

  Several surgical procedures are performed for the treatment of anal incontinence. […] Muscle-wrap techniques have been developed in which striated muscles from the gracilis or gluteus muscles are transposed and wrapped around the anal canal to increase tone. […] The artificial bowel sphincter (Acticon Neosphincter) was designed to act as a patient’s own anal sphincter in cases of severe fecal incontinence. […] Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is an established, FDA-approved, minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of fecal incontinence. […] Several clinical studies have shown that SNS achieves greater rate of continence among patients with fecal incontinence compared to placebo or to optimal medical management. […] Solesta (Oceana Therapeutics, Inc.) is a bulking agent consisting of a dextranomer stabilized in hyaluronic acid that was approved by the FDA in 2011 for the treatment of passive fecal incontinence in patients who have failed other conservative therapies. […] The Eclipse System offers a conservative, safe, and effective option for the management of fecal incontinence with no reported serious adverse outcomes.

• #32 Fecal Incontinence Treatment & Management: Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy, Preoperative Details

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/268674-treatment

  Several surgical procedures are performed for the treatment of anal incontinence. […] Muscle-wrap techniques have been developed in which striated muscles from the gracilis or gluteus muscles are transposed and wrapped around the anal canal to increase tone. […] The artificial bowel sphincter (Acticon Neosphincter) was designed to act as a patient’s own anal sphincter in cases of severe fecal incontinence. […] Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is an established, FDA-approved, minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of fecal incontinence. […] Several clinical studies have shown that SNS achieves greater rate of continence among patients with fecal incontinence compared to placebo or to optimal medical management. […] Solesta (Oceana Therapeutics, Inc.) is a bulking agent consisting of a dextranomer stabilized in hyaluronic acid that was approved by the FDA in 2011 for the treatment of passive fecal incontinence in patients who have failed other conservative therapies. […] The Eclipse System offers a conservative, safe, and effective option for the management of fecal incontinence with no reported serious adverse outcomes.

• #33 Fecal Incontinence Treatment: InterStim Therapy | Denver Urogynecology

  https://urogyn.coloradowomenshealth.com/blog/fecal-incontinence-treatment-interstim.html

  One of the newest therapies for fecal incontinence is called sacral nerve stimulation. […] InterStim Therapy (SNS) is an FDA-approved neurostimulation therapy that targets the communication problem between the brain and the nerves that control bowel function. […] InterStim Therapy is designed to minimize the symptoms of bowel incontinence, including the leakage of liquid or solid stools. […] Initial studies show that more than 80 percent of patients achieve more than a 50 percent reduction in incontinent episodes per week. […] InterStim Therapy is an outpatient procedure that is performed in the operating room. […] If neurostimulation has worked for you during the trial period, a flexible wire and a neurostimulator are implanted under the skin permanently.

• #34 Fecal Incontinence Treatment: InterStim Therapy | Denver Urogynecology

  https://urogyn.coloradowomenshealth.com/blog/fecal-incontinence-treatment-interstim.html

  One of the newest therapies for fecal incontinence is called sacral nerve stimulation. […] InterStim Therapy (SNS) is an FDA-approved neurostimulation therapy that targets the communication problem between the brain and the nerves that control bowel function. […] InterStim Therapy is designed to minimize the symptoms of bowel incontinence, including the leakage of liquid or solid stools. […] Initial studies show that more than 80 percent of patients achieve more than a 50 percent reduction in incontinent episodes per week. […] InterStim Therapy is an outpatient procedure that is performed in the operating room. […] If neurostimulation has worked for you during the trial period, a flexible wire and a neurostimulator are implanted under the skin permanently.

• #35 Bowel Incontinence Treatments | Bladder & Bowel Community

  https://www.bladderandbowel.org/bowel/bowel-treatments/faecal-incontinence-treatments/

  Training your pelvic floor muscles can help improve your bowel control and this is as important for men as it is for women. This guide explains how to perform pelvic floor exercises. […] Bowel retraining involves establishing your bowel into a regular routine and retraining your brain to hold on. You start by going to the bathroom when you get the urge to go and hold for 1 minute before sitting down. Gradually increase the length of time until you feel more confident with your control. […] Biofeedback is a type of bowel training exercise. It involves placing a small electric probe into the rectum and a sensor will measure movement and pressure from the sphincter muscles. […] Percutaneous Nerve Stimulation or PTNS as it is commonly known is a treatment that directly stimulates the nerves responsible for bowel control and is a method that can be used to bowel incontinence (faecal incontinence).

• #36 Fecal Incontinence (Accidental Bowel Leakage) – Your Pelvic Floor

  https://www.yourpelvicfloor.org/conditions/fecal-incontinence/

  Fecal incontinence can be distressing and can severely affect everyday life. […] However, once fecal incontinence has been identified, there are treatments available that can help manage or sometimes cure it, as well as strategies to help people cope with the condition and discuss it openly. […] It is possible to regain control of your bowel. While this may seem difficult at times, there are many simple and effective treatments available. You may need to work with a specialist who has expert knowledge about fecal incontinence. The following measures will help you manage your symptoms and regain control. […] Pelvic floor muscle exercises to improve the coordination and strength of the pelvic muscles can improve or stop any leakage from your bowel. […] Drugs may be helpful when: […] Nerve stimulation is an outpatient treatment in which thin acupuncture-like needles are inserted into the skin above the ankle to stimulate the nerves involved in bowel and bladder function.

• #37 Treatment of Fecal Incontinence – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/treatment

  Nonabsorbable bulking agents are substances injected into the wall of your anus to bulk up the tissue around the anus. […] Surgery may be an option for fecal incontinence that fails to improve with other treatments, or for fecal incontinence caused by injuries to the pelvic floor muscles or anal sphincters. […] Fecal incontinence can cause anal discomfort such as irritation, pain, or itching. You can help relieve anal discomfort by washing the anal area after a bowel movement, changing soiled underwear as soon as possible, and keeping the anal area dry. […] Doing the following can help you cope with your fecal incontinence: using the toilet before leaving home, carrying a bag with cleanup supplies and a change of clothes when leaving the house, and wearing absorbent pads inside your underwear. […] As part of coping with your fecal incontinence, remember that fecal incontinence can often be treated; a wide range of successful treatments are available.

• #38 Fecal Incontinence Treatment & Management: Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy, Preoperative Details

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/268674-treatment

  Several surgical procedures are performed for the treatment of anal incontinence. […] Muscle-wrap techniques have been developed in which striated muscles from the gracilis or gluteus muscles are transposed and wrapped around the anal canal to increase tone. […] The artificial bowel sphincter (Acticon Neosphincter) was designed to act as a patient’s own anal sphincter in cases of severe fecal incontinence. […] Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is an established, FDA-approved, minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of fecal incontinence. […] Several clinical studies have shown that SNS achieves greater rate of continence among patients with fecal incontinence compared to placebo or to optimal medical management. […] Solesta (Oceana Therapeutics, Inc.) is a bulking agent consisting of a dextranomer stabilized in hyaluronic acid that was approved by the FDA in 2011 for the treatment of passive fecal incontinence in patients who have failed other conservative therapies. […] The Eclipse System offers a conservative, safe, and effective option for the management of fecal incontinence with no reported serious adverse outcomes.

• #39 Treatments for Fecal Incontinence | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program

  https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/fecal-incontinence/consumer

  For some people, anal sphincter bulking shots appear to improve quality of life and reduce the number of times FI happens in the short term (for up to 6 months), but more research is needed to know this for sure. […] There is not enough research to know if or how well surgery works to treat FI. […] All treatments for FI have possible side effects and complications. […] People who had surgery for FI had side effects and complications more often than people who used nonsurgery treatments. […] Side effects of nonsurgery treatments were usually mild. […] Complications of surgery were more severe. […] You may want to talk with your health care professional about: […] The trade-offs between possible benefits and side effects or complications for each treatment. […] The information in this summary comes from Forte ML, Andrade KE, Butler M, Lowry AC, Bliss DZ, Slavin JL, Kane RL. Treatments for Fecal Incontinence.

• #40 Patient education: Fecal incontinence (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/fecal-incontinence-beyond-the-basics

  Anal plugs — Anal plugs (eg, Procan-2, Renew Insert) can be helpful in some patients in reducing the frequency of incontinence. They are frequently used in conjunction with other treatments. […] Sacral nerve stimulation — Electrical stimulation can eliminate leakage in 40 to 75 percent of people whose anal sphincter muscles are intact. An electrode is surgically inserted near a nerve in the sacrum (low back). […] Complications include pain, device malfunction, or infection, which may require that the device is removed or replaced. At present, this treatment is generally reserved for people with an intact or repaired anal sphincter who have not improved with other treatments. […] Anal electrical stimulation — Electrical stimulation involves using a mild electrical current to stimulate the anal sphincter muscles to contract, which can strengthen the muscles over time.

• #41 Treatment of Fecal Incontinence – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/treatment

  The first step in treating your fecal incontinence is to see a doctor. Your doctor will talk to you about the causes of fecal incontinence and how they can be treated. Simple treatments such as diet changes, medicines, bowel training, and exercises to strengthen your pelvic floor muscles can improve symptoms by about 60 percent. These treatments can stop fecal incontinence in 1 out of 5 people. […] Your doctor can recommend ways you can help manage and treat your fecal incontinence. Your doctor can also recommend ways to relieve anal discomfort and cope with your fecal incontinence. […] You can help manage and treat your fecal incontinence in the following ways. […] Wearing absorbent pads inside your underwear is the most frequently used treatment for fecal incontinence. For milder forms of fecal incontinence, wearing absorbent pads may make a big difference in your quality of life. Wearing absorbent pads can be combined with other treatments.

• #42 Fecal incontinence – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fecal-incontinence/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351403

  The goals of therapy are to manage conditions that cause or worsen fecal incontinence and to improve the function of the rectum and anus. […] The first step is making changes to diet and lifestyle habits. These may include: […] Your healthcare professional may recommend medicines or supplements to treat conditions related to fecal incontinence. […] Exercises help strengthen the muscles of the anus, rectum and pelvic floor. These exercises can improve your control over when you pass stool. […] Other treatments may be used when more conservative treatments don’t work. […] Surgery may be necessary to correct an underlying problem, such as rectal prolapse, that causes fecal incontinence. Surgery also is used when other treatments are not working.

• #43 Bowel incontinence | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/bowel-incontinence/

  Medication and surgery are usually only considered if other treatments haven’t worked. […] You may find it helpful to use continence products until your bowel incontinence is better controlled. […] Pelvic floor muscle training is a type of exercise programme used to treat cases of bowel incontinence caused by weakness in the pelvic floor muscles. […] Bowel retraining is a type of treatment for people with reduced sensation in their rectum as a result of nerve damage, or for those who have recurring episodes of constipation. […] Medication can be used to help treat soft or loose stools or constipation associated with bowel incontinence. […] Surgery is usually only recommended after all other treatment options have been tried. […] The main surgical treatments used on the NHS are sphincteroplasty and sacral nerve stimulation. […] An artificial sphincter may be implanted if you have bowel incontinence caused by a problem with your sphincter muscles. […] A colostomy is usually only recommended if other surgical treatments are unsuccessful.

• #44 New Options for the Treatment of Fecal Incontinence

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3096428/

  Similar to the artificial bowel, sphincter sacral nerve stimulation is an adaptation of a urologic technique used for urinary incontinence. […] While the standard surgical treatment for fecal incontinence still remains direct sphincter repair with an overlapping sphincteroplasty, a variety of new treatment options are available for patients with fecal incontinence.

• #45 Fecal (Bowel) Incontinence: What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14574-fecal-bowel-incontinence

  Medications include anti-diarrheal drugs and medicines that treat constipation, like bulk laxatives, suppositories or enemas. […] Sphincteroplasty sews damaged anal sphincter muscles back together. A surgeon overlaps anal sphincter muscles and secures them on both sides, tightening your anal opening. […] Artificial anal sphincter involves implanting an artificial device (prosthesis) around your anus. It mimics the action of a normal anal muscle. […] Sacral nerve stimulation implants a small device (a neurotransmitter) under your skin in the area of your upper butt. The device sends mild electrical impulses to a nerve in your lower back (the sacral nerve), which influences your bladder, sphincter and pelvic floor muscles. […] Antegrade colonic enema (ACE) surgery is occasionally appropriate for people with fecal incontinence. Your surgeon creates a small pathway from the skin on your abdomen to your bowel. They insert a small tube you use to do a daily enema or washout to get rid of the poop in your colon.

• #46

  https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/fecal-incontinence-expanded

  Fecal incontinence is a major burden to both patients and society. […] Treatment for fecal incontinence can significantly improve a patients quality of life. […] There are a variety of treatments for fecal incontinence that include non-invasive treatments, medications, and surgical treatments. […] For milder forms of incontinence, a trial of these non-operative therapies is often the best option to try first. […] Surgical therapies for fecal incontinence include injection of biomaterials into the anal canal, radiofrequency treatment of the anal canal, repair of anal muscle injuries, sacral nerve stimulation, artificial bowel sphincter, muscle transposition to reinforce the anal sphincter, and creation of a stoma. […] Direct repair of injured anal sphincter muscles (sphincteroplasty) is a well-established therapy for patients with incontinence due to a sphincter injury.

• #47 Fecal (Bowel) Incontinence: What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14574-fecal-bowel-incontinence

  Medications include anti-diarrheal drugs and medicines that treat constipation, like bulk laxatives, suppositories or enemas. […] Sphincteroplasty sews damaged anal sphincter muscles back together. A surgeon overlaps anal sphincter muscles and secures them on both sides, tightening your anal opening. […] Artificial anal sphincter involves implanting an artificial device (prosthesis) around your anus. It mimics the action of a normal anal muscle. […] Sacral nerve stimulation implants a small device (a neurotransmitter) under your skin in the area of your upper butt. The device sends mild electrical impulses to a nerve in your lower back (the sacral nerve), which influences your bladder, sphincter and pelvic floor muscles. […] Antegrade colonic enema (ACE) surgery is occasionally appropriate for people with fecal incontinence. Your surgeon creates a small pathway from the skin on your abdomen to your bowel. They insert a small tube you use to do a daily enema or washout to get rid of the poop in your colon.

• #48 Bowel incontinence: Symptoms, treatment, and prevention

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/165583

  Surgery is normally only used if other treatments have not worked or to treat an underlying condition. […] Sphincteroplasty is surgery to repair a damaged or weakened anal sphincter. […] Stimulated graciloplasty, or gracilis muscle transplant, uses a small amount of muscle from the patients thigh to create an artificial sphincter. […] Sphincter replacement uses an inflatable cuff to replace damaged anal sphincter. […] Surgery for a prolapsed rectum may be done if other treatments have not worked. […] A rectocele may be corrected by surgery, if it leads to significant symptoms of fecal incontinence. […] Hemorrhoidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove them. […] A colostomy can be used as a last resort. The stools are diverted through a hole in the colon and through the wall of the abdomen. […] To prevent bowel incontinence, or reduce the severity of symptoms people are advised to: avoid constipation, for example, by getting more exercise, eating foods that are high in fiber, and consuming plenty of liquids.

• #49 New Options for the Treatment of Fecal Incontinence

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3096428/

  Biofeedback with or without pelvic floor strengthening exercises is often the first line of treatment for patients with significant idiopathic fecal incontinence since it is minimally invasive, painless, and safe. […] The Procon incontinence device is a minimally invasive device that has recently received Food and Drug Administration approval. […] A variety of substances have been locally injected in order to improve continence. […] Interest in using radio frequency energy has been growing recently. […] Antegrade colonic enemas involve the construction of a catherisable conduit in the proximal colon through which enemas or irrigation fluid can be given to evacuate the colon and rectum. […] Surgical transposition of gluteal muscles, one of the oldest surgical treatments for fecal incontinence, is experiencing a modest renewal of interest.

• #50 Fecal Incontinence-Texas Colon & Rectal Specialists

  https://tcrscolondoctors.com/conditions-procedures/fecal-incontinence

  If a patient and physician determine measured improvement, they become a candidate for long-term therapy. […] The majority of patients suffering from fecal incontinence experience a separation of the anal sphincter muscle caused by child birth or prior surgery. […] The Acticon Neosphincter is a device used to treat severe fecal incontinence when less invasive treatments have failed. […] The Secca procedure is completed on an outpatient basis under sedation.

• #51 Bowel incontinence – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/bowel-incontinence

  If treatment does not work, surgery may help correct the problem. There are several types of procedures. The choice of surgery is based on the cause of the incontinence and the person’s general health. […] Anal sphincter repair — This surgery may help people whose anal muscle ring (sphincter) isn’t working well due to injury or aging. The anal muscles are reattached to tighten the sphincter and help the anus close more completely. […] Gracilis muscle transplant — In people who have lost nerve function in the anal sphincter, gracilis muscle transplants may help. The gracilis muscle is taken from the inner thigh. It is put around the sphincter to help tighten the sphincter muscle. […] Artificial bowel sphincter — The artificial sphincter consists of 3 parts: a cuff that fits around the anus, a pressure-regulating balloon, and a pump that inflates the cuff. […] Injection treatment — This procedure injects a thick gel (Solesta) into the anal sphincter to bulk it up. […] If treatment does not get rid of bowel incontinence, you can use special fecal collection devices to contain the stool and protect your skin from breakdown.

• #52 Fecal (Bowel) Incontinence: What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14574-fecal-bowel-incontinence

  Medications include anti-diarrheal drugs and medicines that treat constipation, like bulk laxatives, suppositories or enemas. […] Sphincteroplasty sews damaged anal sphincter muscles back together. A surgeon overlaps anal sphincter muscles and secures them on both sides, tightening your anal opening. […] Artificial anal sphincter involves implanting an artificial device (prosthesis) around your anus. It mimics the action of a normal anal muscle. […] Sacral nerve stimulation implants a small device (a neurotransmitter) under your skin in the area of your upper butt. The device sends mild electrical impulses to a nerve in your lower back (the sacral nerve), which influences your bladder, sphincter and pelvic floor muscles. […] Antegrade colonic enema (ACE) surgery is occasionally appropriate for people with fecal incontinence. Your surgeon creates a small pathway from the skin on your abdomen to your bowel. They insert a small tube you use to do a daily enema or washout to get rid of the poop in your colon.

• #53

  https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/fecal-incontinence

  Fecal incontinence (also called anal or bowel incontinence) is the impaired ability to control the passage of gas or stool. This is a common problem, but often not discussed due to embarrassment. Failure to seek treatment can result in social isolation and a negative impact on quality of life. […] There are nonsurgical and surgical treatment options that can be used based on the cause and severity of the problem. Your colon and rectal surgeon will discuss the different treatment methods and help you decide on the approach that is best for you. […] Mild problems may be treated simply by changing ones diet. […] Specific medications can result in firmer stools, enabling improved bowel control. […] Treating these underlying diseases may improve or even eliminate symptoms of incontinence.

• #54 Fecal incontinence treatment – Mankato – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/mankato/services-and-treatments/gastroenterology-and-hepatology/digestive-and-liver-disorders/fecal-incontinence

  Fecal incontinence is the inability to control bowel movements, causing stool (feces) to leak unexpectedly from the rectum. Also called bowel incontinence, fecal incontinence ranges from an occasional leakage of stool while passing gas to a complete loss of bowel control. […] Depending on the cause of fecal incontinence, treatment options can include, medications, exercises, or surgery. […] If muscle damage is causing fecal incontinence, your doctor may recommend a program of exercise and other therapies to restore muscle strength. These treatments can improve anal sphincter control and the awareness of the urge to defecate. […] Treating fecal incontinence may require surgery to correct an underlying problem, such as rectal prolapse or sphincter damage caused by childbirth. […] The options include: Sphincteroplasty This procedure repairs a damaged or weakened anal sphincter that occurred during childbirth. […] Treating rectal prolapse, a rectocele or hemorrhoids Surgical correction of these problems will likely reduce or eliminate fecal incontinence. […] Colostomy (bowel diversion) This surgery diverts stool through an opening in the abdomen.

• #55 Bowel incontinence: Symptoms, treatment, and prevention

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/165583

  Surgery is normally only used if other treatments have not worked or to treat an underlying condition. […] Sphincteroplasty is surgery to repair a damaged or weakened anal sphincter. […] Stimulated graciloplasty, or gracilis muscle transplant, uses a small amount of muscle from the patients thigh to create an artificial sphincter. […] Sphincter replacement uses an inflatable cuff to replace damaged anal sphincter. […] Surgery for a prolapsed rectum may be done if other treatments have not worked. […] A rectocele may be corrected by surgery, if it leads to significant symptoms of fecal incontinence. […] Hemorrhoidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove them. […] A colostomy can be used as a last resort. The stools are diverted through a hole in the colon and through the wall of the abdomen. […] To prevent bowel incontinence, or reduce the severity of symptoms people are advised to: avoid constipation, for example, by getting more exercise, eating foods that are high in fiber, and consuming plenty of liquids.

• #56 Bowel incontinence: Symptoms, treatment, and prevention

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/165583

  Surgery is normally only used if other treatments have not worked or to treat an underlying condition. […] Sphincteroplasty is surgery to repair a damaged or weakened anal sphincter. […] Stimulated graciloplasty, or gracilis muscle transplant, uses a small amount of muscle from the patients thigh to create an artificial sphincter. […] Sphincter replacement uses an inflatable cuff to replace damaged anal sphincter. […] Surgery for a prolapsed rectum may be done if other treatments have not worked. […] A rectocele may be corrected by surgery, if it leads to significant symptoms of fecal incontinence. […] Hemorrhoidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove them. […] A colostomy can be used as a last resort. The stools are diverted through a hole in the colon and through the wall of the abdomen. […] To prevent bowel incontinence, or reduce the severity of symptoms people are advised to: avoid constipation, for example, by getting more exercise, eating foods that are high in fiber, and consuming plenty of liquids.

• #57 Fecal incontinence treatment – Mankato – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/mankato/services-and-treatments/gastroenterology-and-hepatology/digestive-and-liver-disorders/fecal-incontinence

  Fecal incontinence is the inability to control bowel movements, causing stool (feces) to leak unexpectedly from the rectum. Also called bowel incontinence, fecal incontinence ranges from an occasional leakage of stool while passing gas to a complete loss of bowel control. […] Depending on the cause of fecal incontinence, treatment options can include, medications, exercises, or surgery. […] If muscle damage is causing fecal incontinence, your doctor may recommend a program of exercise and other therapies to restore muscle strength. These treatments can improve anal sphincter control and the awareness of the urge to defecate. […] Treating fecal incontinence may require surgery to correct an underlying problem, such as rectal prolapse or sphincter damage caused by childbirth. […] The options include: Sphincteroplasty This procedure repairs a damaged or weakened anal sphincter that occurred during childbirth. […] Treating rectal prolapse, a rectocele or hemorrhoids Surgical correction of these problems will likely reduce or eliminate fecal incontinence. […] Colostomy (bowel diversion) This surgery diverts stool through an opening in the abdomen.

• #58 Fecal (Bowel) Incontinence: What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14574-fecal-bowel-incontinence

  Colostomy is an operation you may need if other treatment options haven’t helped. During this surgery, your surgeon makes an opening in your abdomen. They bring your colon to the surface of your skin through this opening. They attach a special pouch to your abdomen and around the opening that collects stool. […] Cleveland Clinic’s experts can treat fecal incontinence with the help of therapies, including dietary changes, pelvic floor exercises, medication and surgery.

• #59 Fecal Incontinence | AdventHealth Digestive Health Institute West Florida

  https://digestivehealth.adventhealth.com/institute/west-florida/fecal-incontinence

  Surgery to treat prolapse or other rectal issues can relieve fecal incontinence caused by these underlying conditions. […] Sacral nerve stimulation involves the implantation of InterStim, a device that sends electrical signals to the nerves that control the anal and rectal muscles. By doing so, the muscles are strengthened, which allows them to better hold in gas and fecal matter. […] Bowel diversion procedures such as colostomy are a way to manage a patients condition after all other options have been exhausted. Modern ostomy appliances are odor-free and more discrete than ever before. This makes bowel diversion a good option for some patients.

• #60 Fecal (Bowel) Incontinence: What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14574-fecal-bowel-incontinence

  Medications include anti-diarrheal drugs and medicines that treat constipation, like bulk laxatives, suppositories or enemas. […] Sphincteroplasty sews damaged anal sphincter muscles back together. A surgeon overlaps anal sphincter muscles and secures them on both sides, tightening your anal opening. […] Artificial anal sphincter involves implanting an artificial device (prosthesis) around your anus. It mimics the action of a normal anal muscle. […] Sacral nerve stimulation implants a small device (a neurotransmitter) under your skin in the area of your upper butt. The device sends mild electrical impulses to a nerve in your lower back (the sacral nerve), which influences your bladder, sphincter and pelvic floor muscles. […] Antegrade colonic enema (ACE) surgery is occasionally appropriate for people with fecal incontinence. Your surgeon creates a small pathway from the skin on your abdomen to your bowel. They insert a small tube you use to do a daily enema or washout to get rid of the poop in your colon.

• #61 New Options for the Treatment of Fecal Incontinence

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3096428/

  Biofeedback with or without pelvic floor strengthening exercises is often the first line of treatment for patients with significant idiopathic fecal incontinence since it is minimally invasive, painless, and safe. […] The Procon incontinence device is a minimally invasive device that has recently received Food and Drug Administration approval. […] A variety of substances have been locally injected in order to improve continence. […] Interest in using radio frequency energy has been growing recently. […] Antegrade colonic enemas involve the construction of a catherisable conduit in the proximal colon through which enemas or irrigation fluid can be given to evacuate the colon and rectum. […] Surgical transposition of gluteal muscles, one of the oldest surgical treatments for fecal incontinence, is experiencing a modest renewal of interest.

• #62 Bowel Incontinence Treatments | Bladder & Bowel Community

  https://www.bladderandbowel.org/bowel/bowel-treatments/faecal-incontinence-treatments/

  Anti-motility/ antidiarrhoeals such as loperamide, more commonly known as Imodium can be purchased over-the-counter. They work by slowing the gut transit making your stools firmer and pass less frequently as a treatment for bowel incontinence. […] Faecal incontinence can be caused by overflow from constipation and impaction. To combat this you may be initially prescribed a bulking agent such a Fybogel to soften the stool and bulk up the contents making it easier to pass. […] Rectal irrigation is also known as anal irrigation or trans-anal irrigation is a method that involves emptying the bowel by washing it out using a specialised pump, water and irrigation tube. This is an effective treatment in the management of chronic constipation and faecal incontinence. […] Injectable therapies are a less invasive treatment option to surgery if conservative methods have failed to improve the condition. This involves injecting a gel into the anal canal to bulk up the tissues and prevent leakage and improve bowel control.

• #63 Fecal Incontinence-Texas Colon & Rectal Specialists

  https://tcrscolondoctors.com/conditions-procedures/fecal-incontinence

  If a patient and physician determine measured improvement, they become a candidate for long-term therapy. […] The majority of patients suffering from fecal incontinence experience a separation of the anal sphincter muscle caused by child birth or prior surgery. […] The Acticon Neosphincter is a device used to treat severe fecal incontinence when less invasive treatments have failed. […] The Secca procedure is completed on an outpatient basis under sedation.

• #64 New Options for the Treatment of Fecal Incontinence

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3096428/

  Biofeedback with or without pelvic floor strengthening exercises is often the first line of treatment for patients with significant idiopathic fecal incontinence since it is minimally invasive, painless, and safe. […] The Procon incontinence device is a minimally invasive device that has recently received Food and Drug Administration approval. […] A variety of substances have been locally injected in order to improve continence. […] Interest in using radio frequency energy has been growing recently. […] Antegrade colonic enemas involve the construction of a catherisable conduit in the proximal colon through which enemas or irrigation fluid can be given to evacuate the colon and rectum. […] Surgical transposition of gluteal muscles, one of the oldest surgical treatments for fecal incontinence, is experiencing a modest renewal of interest.

• #65 Faecal incontinence | The Royal Women’s Hospital

  https://www.thewomens.org.au/health-information/continence-information/faecal-incontinence

  Faecal incontinence is when you accidentally leak solid or liquid poo (faeces). It is also known as anal incontinence. […] Many women find it so embarrassing that they dont seek medical help; however, there are a range of treatments that can help. […] The kind of treatment you have will depend on: how long youve had faecal incontinence or anal sphincter damage, how severe it is, your age, health and medical history. […] Your doctor may recommend one or more of these treatment options: Lifestyle changes such as including more fibre in your diet. Medication to slow down your large bowel and increase water absorption. Regular enemas to keep your back passage relatively empty. This involves putting a tube into your back passage that pushes liquid up into your bowel causing it to empty. Physiotherapy to strengthen the pelvic floor which supports your bowel. A physiotherapist can design a special pelvic exercise program for you. Surgery to improve or repair damaged anal sphincter muscles or nerves.

• #66 Treatments for Fecal Incontinence: Current State of the Evidence | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program

  https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/fecal-incontinence/clinician

  This is a summary of a systematic review evaluating the evidence regarding the potential benefits and adverse effects of surgical and nonsurgical treatments for fecal incontinence in adults. […] Treatment goals are to decrease the frequency and severity of fecal incontinence episodes. Treatments for fecal incontinence are often delivered in combination. Treatments typically follow a progression from less invasive nonsurgical interventions (dietary fiber, drugs, pelvic floor muscle training with biofeedback [PFMT-BF]) to more invasive nonsurgical (anal sphincter tissue-bulking injections) or surgical interventions. […] Nonsurgical treatments include dietary fiber supplementation, bowel schedules, stool-modifying drugs, PFMT-BF, anal plugs, rectal irrigation, or combinations thereof. […] Surgical procedures used to treat fecal incontinence in the United States include implanted sacral nerve stimulation, radiofrequency anal sphincter remodeling, antegrade colonic enema, anal sphincter repair (sphincteroplasty), sphincter replacement (artificial anal sphincter), surgical correction of conditions that can result in fecal incontinence (rectal prolapse, hemorrhoids, or rectocele), or colostomy when all other treatments fail.

• #67 Treatments for Fecal Incontinence: Current State of the Evidence | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program

  https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/fecal-incontinence/clinician

  This is a summary of a systematic review evaluating the evidence regarding the potential benefits and adverse effects of surgical and nonsurgical treatments for fecal incontinence in adults. […] Treatment goals are to decrease the frequency and severity of fecal incontinence episodes. Treatments for fecal incontinence are often delivered in combination. Treatments typically follow a progression from less invasive nonsurgical interventions (dietary fiber, drugs, pelvic floor muscle training with biofeedback [PFMT-BF]) to more invasive nonsurgical (anal sphincter tissue-bulking injections) or surgical interventions. […] Nonsurgical treatments include dietary fiber supplementation, bowel schedules, stool-modifying drugs, PFMT-BF, anal plugs, rectal irrigation, or combinations thereof. […] Surgical procedures used to treat fecal incontinence in the United States include implanted sacral nerve stimulation, radiofrequency anal sphincter remodeling, antegrade colonic enema, anal sphincter repair (sphincteroplasty), sphincter replacement (artificial anal sphincter), surgical correction of conditions that can result in fecal incontinence (rectal prolapse, hemorrhoids, or rectocele), or colostomy when all other treatments fail.

• #68 Fecal Incontinence (Accidental Bowel Leakage) – Your Pelvic Floor

  https://www.yourpelvicfloor.org/conditions/fecal-incontinence/

  If your doctor thinks surgery might help you, he or she should refer you to a specialist surgeon. The surgeon should discuss the possible options with you, explaining the risks and benefits and how likely the operation is to work. […] After each stage of your treatment, your healthcare professional should ask whether the treatment has helped you. If it hasn’t helped, you should be able to discuss and receive advice about other treatment options, including referral to a specialist.

• #69 Treatments for Fecal Incontinence: Current State of the Evidence | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program

  https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/fecal-incontinence/clinician

  Evidence to support any fecal incontinence treatments in adults beyond 3 to 6 months is limited. […] Noninvasive nonsurgical fecal incontinence treatments had few minor adverse effects. Surgical fecal incontinence treatments were associated with more frequent and more severe complications than nonsurgical interventions. […] The strength of evidence for most treatments for fecal incontinence in adults was low or insufficient, suggesting that future studies of higher quality that comply better with standards for study conduct could change the conclusions of this review. […] There is limited evidence to support the effectiveness of the currently available interventions or to support the superiority of one intervention when compared with another.

• #70 Treatments for Fecal Incontinence: Current State of the Evidence | Effective Health Care (EHC) Program

  https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/fecal-incontinence/clinician

  Evidence to support any fecal incontinence treatments in adults beyond 3 to 6 months is limited. […] Noninvasive nonsurgical fecal incontinence treatments had few minor adverse effects. Surgical fecal incontinence treatments were associated with more frequent and more severe complications than nonsurgical interventions. […] The strength of evidence for most treatments for fecal incontinence in adults was low or insufficient, suggesting that future studies of higher quality that comply better with standards for study conduct could change the conclusions of this review. […] There is limited evidence to support the effectiveness of the currently available interventions or to support the superiority of one intervention when compared with another.

• #71 Fecal Incontinence – Urogynecology & Pelvic Health | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/medical-services/womens-pelvic-health/conditions-treated/fecal-incontinence

  This removable device can make it easier for you to control when you go to the toilet. It is helpful for people who do not mind the slight discomfort. […] In some cases, surgery may improve your bowel function or fix a structural problem. […] If fecal incontinence is damaging your relationships, work life, or your overall quality of life, talking to a psychologist may help. […] One way to reduce your risk of fecal incontinence is to use the toilet regularly and attempt a bowel movement.

• #72 Treatment of Fecal Incontinence – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/treatment

  Nonabsorbable bulking agents are substances injected into the wall of your anus to bulk up the tissue around the anus. […] Surgery may be an option for fecal incontinence that fails to improve with other treatments, or for fecal incontinence caused by injuries to the pelvic floor muscles or anal sphincters. […] Fecal incontinence can cause anal discomfort such as irritation, pain, or itching. You can help relieve anal discomfort by washing the anal area after a bowel movement, changing soiled underwear as soon as possible, and keeping the anal area dry. […] Doing the following can help you cope with your fecal incontinence: using the toilet before leaving home, carrying a bag with cleanup supplies and a change of clothes when leaving the house, and wearing absorbent pads inside your underwear. […] As part of coping with your fecal incontinence, remember that fecal incontinence can often be treated; a wide range of successful treatments are available.

• #73 Treatment of Fecal Incontinence – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/treatment

  Nonabsorbable bulking agents are substances injected into the wall of your anus to bulk up the tissue around the anus. […] Surgery may be an option for fecal incontinence that fails to improve with other treatments, or for fecal incontinence caused by injuries to the pelvic floor muscles or anal sphincters. […] Fecal incontinence can cause anal discomfort such as irritation, pain, or itching. You can help relieve anal discomfort by washing the anal area after a bowel movement, changing soiled underwear as soon as possible, and keeping the anal area dry. […] Doing the following can help you cope with your fecal incontinence: using the toilet before leaving home, carrying a bag with cleanup supplies and a change of clothes when leaving the house, and wearing absorbent pads inside your underwear. […] As part of coping with your fecal incontinence, remember that fecal incontinence can often be treated; a wide range of successful treatments are available.

• #74 Bowel incontinence: Symptoms, treatment, and prevention

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/165583

  Surgery is normally only used if other treatments have not worked or to treat an underlying condition. […] Sphincteroplasty is surgery to repair a damaged or weakened anal sphincter. […] Stimulated graciloplasty, or gracilis muscle transplant, uses a small amount of muscle from the patients thigh to create an artificial sphincter. […] Sphincter replacement uses an inflatable cuff to replace damaged anal sphincter. […] Surgery for a prolapsed rectum may be done if other treatments have not worked. […] A rectocele may be corrected by surgery, if it leads to significant symptoms of fecal incontinence. […] Hemorrhoidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove them. […] A colostomy can be used as a last resort. The stools are diverted through a hole in the colon and through the wall of the abdomen. […] To prevent bowel incontinence, or reduce the severity of symptoms people are advised to: avoid constipation, for example, by getting more exercise, eating foods that are high in fiber, and consuming plenty of liquids.

• #75 Fecal incontinence – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fecal_incontinence

  Fecal incontinence is generally treatable with conservative management, surgery, or both. The success of treatment depends upon the exact causes and how easily these are corrected. Treatment choice depends on the cause and severity of the disease, and the motivation and general health of the person affected. Commonly, conservative measures are used together, and if appropriate surgery is carried out. Treatments may be attempted until symptoms are satisfactorily controlled. A treatment algorithm based upon the cause has been proposed, including conservative, non-operative and surgical measures. […] Conservative measures include dietary modification, drug treatment, retrograde anal irrigation, biofeedback retraining anal sphincter exercises. Incontinence products refer to devices such as anal plugs and perineal pads and garments such as diapers or nappies. Perineal pads are efficient and acceptable for only minor incontinence. If all other measures are ineffective removing the entire colon may be an option.

• #76

  https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/fecal-incontinence-expanded

  Sacral nerve stimulation is a procedure where an electrical lead is placed within the sacrum (tailbone) to stimulate the nerves that control the anus and surrounding structures. […] The artificial bowel sphincter is a procedure where a plastic cuff with a balloon is placed around the anus. […] Creation of a colostomy may be the most appropriate treatment for some patients who have not had success with other therapies or who are severely debilitated. […] A thorough discussion with a provider is needed to evaluate the severity, causes, and possible therapies for each patient.

• #77 Bowel incontinence | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/bowel-incontinence/

  Bowel incontinence can be upsetting and hard to cope with, but treatment is effective and a cure is often possible, so make sure you see your GP. […] Treatment will often depend on the cause and how severe it is, but possible options include: lifestyle and dietary changes to relieve constipation or diarrhoea, exercise programmes to strengthen the muscles that control the bowel, medication to control diarrhoea and constipation, surgery, of which there are a number of different options. […] Even if it isn’t possible to cure your bowel incontinence, symptoms should improve significantly. […] Treatment for bowel incontinence depends on underlying cause and the pattern of your symptoms. […] Trying the least intrusive treatments first, such as dietary changes and exercise programmes, is often recommended.

• #78 VCU Health leads clinical trial for new treatment to help people with bowel control problems | VCU Healthic_closeGroup

  https://www.vcuhealth.org/news/vcu-health-leads-clinical-trial-for-new-treatment-to-help-people-with-bowel-control-problems/

  VCU Health leads clinical trial for new treatment to help people with bowel control problems. A research team at VCU Health is leading a clinical trial to assess a novel treatment for fecal incontinence or sudden loss of control over bowel movements. The therapy involves implanting a bioengineered sphincter derived from the patient’s native cells to help them regain control of their bowels. […] A number of therapies and procedures can help people maintain better control of their bowel movements, including medications, physical therapy, surgery and nerve stimulation. However, some people can still experience symptoms even after seeking treatment. […] The clinical trial will be enrolling patients who have tried all available therapies for fecal incontinence yet still experience symptoms. While the main goal of the clinical trial is to assess the safety of the implant, the researchers will also measure the technology’s effectiveness as a treatment for fecal incontinence.

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