Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Scrotal masses – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/scrotal-masses/symptoms-causes/syc-20352604

  Scrotal masses are lumps or swelling in the scrotum, the bag of skin that holds the testicles. […] It’s key to get a scrotal mass checked by a health care professional, even if you don’t have pain or other symptoms. Some masses could be cancer. Or they could be caused by another medical condition that affects the health of the testicles and how well they work. […] Many health conditions can cause a scrotal mass or an unusual change in the scrotum. These include: […] Testicular cancer. This is cancer that starts in the testicles. It often causes a painless lump or swelling in the scrotum. But some people with testicular cancer don’t have any symptoms. See your doctor or other health care professional if you notice a new lump in your scrotum. […] Spermatocele. This fluid-filled sac in the scrotum is often above the testicle. It tends to be painless. And usually, it’s not cancer. A spermatocele also is known as a spermatic cyst or epididymal cyst.

• #1 Scrotal masses – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/scrotal-masses/symptoms-causes/syc-20352604

  Epididymitis. This is when the coiled tube at the back of the testicle, called the epididymis, becomes inflamed. Often, epididymitis is caused by an infection with bacteria. For instance, bacterial infections that spread through sex, such as chlamydia, can cause it. Less often, a virus can lead to epididymitis. […] Orchitis. This is when inflammation, which can include pain and swelling, affects the testicle. Usually, it’s due to an illness caused by a virus, most often mumps. […] Hydrocele. This is when extra fluid collects between the layers of a sac that surrounds each testicle. Most often, there’s a small amount of fluid in this space. But the excess fluid of a hydrocele can lead to a painless swelling of the scrotum. […] Hematocele. This is a buildup of blood between the layers of a sac that surrounds each testicle. An injury, such as a direct hit to the testicles, is the most likely cause.

• #1 Scrotal masses – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/scrotal-masses/symptoms-causes/syc-20352604

  Varicocele. This happens when the veins inside the scrotum get bigger. Varicocele is more common on the left side of the scrotum due to differences in how blood flows from each side. A varicocele might cause infertility, which is when you can’t get your partner pregnant after a year of unprotected sex. […] Inguinal hernia. This is when part of the small intestine pushes through an opening or weak spot in the tissue that separates the stomach area and groin. It might appear as a mass in the scrotum or higher in the groin. […] Testicular torsion. This is a painful problem that cuts off blood to the testicle. It happens due to a twisting of the spermatic cord. That’s a bundle of blood vessels, nerves and the tube that carries semen from the testicle to the penis. Without prompt treatment, testicular torsion can lead to the loss of the testicle.

• #2 Testicle lumps and swellings

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/testicle-lumps-and-swellings/

  Lumps and swellings in the testicles (balls) are not usually caused by anything serious, but you should always get them checked by a GP. […] Lumps in the testicles can be a sign of testicular cancer. This is easier to treat if it’s found early. […] Treatment for a lump or swelling depends on the cause. You might not need treatment if it does not cause any problems and is not getting worse. […] Causes of testicle lumps and swellings can have lots of different causes. […] Most are caused by something less serious, such as a build-up of fluid (cyst) or swollen veins in the testicles (varicocele). […] But sometimes they can be a sign of something serious, such as testicular cancer.

• #3 Testicular lumps and swellings | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/sexual-and-reproductive/testicular-lumps-and-swellings/

  Lumps and swellings in the testicles can have lots of different causes. […] The vast majority of testicular lumps and swellings are caused by non-cancerous (benign) conditions. Most of these may not need treatment. […] If you experience testicular lumps and swellings, they may be caused by: varicoceles soft lumps that develop gradually above the testicle and on the left side of the scrotum, hydroceles swellings in the scrotum caused by a build-up of fluid, epididymal cysts a small, smooth fluid-filled swelling that slowly develops in the epididymis (a coil-like structure behind the testicles that helps to store and transport sperm), epididymo-orchitis inflammation in the epididymis and the testicle caused by bacterial infections such as urinary tract infections (UTIs), sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and mumps, inguinal hernias when fatty tissue or part of the bowel pokes through into the groin at the top of the inner thigh, testicular torsion a benign but serious condition caused by the spermatic cord (the cord that supplies blood to the testicles) becoming severely twisted, testicular cancer a more serious health condition.

• #4 Testicle lump Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/symptoms/testicle-lump

  A testicle lump is swelling or a growth (mass) in one or both testicles. […] A testicle lump that does not hurt may be a sign of cancer. Most cases of testicular cancer occur in men ages 15 to 40. It can also occur at older or younger ages. […] Possible causes of a painful scrotal mass include: A cyst-like lump in the scrotum that contains fluid and dead sperm cells (spermatocele). (This condition sometimes does not cause pain.) Epididymitis. Infection of the scrotal sac. Injury or trauma. Mumps. Orchitis (testicular infection). Testicular torsion. Testicular cancer. Varicocele. […] Possible causes if the scrotal mass is not painful: Loop of bowel from a hernia (this may or may not cause pain) Hydrocele Spermatocele Testicular cancer Varicocele Cyst of epididymis or testicle.

• #5 Testicular lumps and scrotal swellings | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/testicular-lumps-and-scrotal-swellings

  Epididymitis is where a tube (the epididymis) at the back of the testicles becomes swollen and painful. It’s often caused by an infection and is usually treated with antibiotics. […] Orchitis is an inflammation of the testicles. It can be caused by either bacteria or a virus. […] An epididymal cyst is a fluid-filled sac that grows in the epididymis – a tube at the back of the testicles. […] Varicocele is a scrotal swelling caused by swollen veins (called the pampiniform plexus) in the spermatic cord (the cord attached to the testicle). […] Hydrocele occurs when fluid collects in the thin sheath surrounding a testicle.

• #5 Testicular lumps and scrotal swellings | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/testicular-lumps-and-scrotal-swellings

  Lumps and swellings in the testicles (balls) or scrotum (ballsack) aren’t usually caused by anything serious, but you should get them checked by your GP. […] Lumps in the testicles can be a sign of testicular cancer. This is easier to treat if it’s found early. […] Causes of testicular lumps or scrotal swelling are below. […] Most are caused by something harmless, such as a build-up of fluid (cyst) or swollen veins. […] Sometimes they can be a sign of something serious, such as testicular cancer. […] Testicular torsion happens when the spermatic cord, which provides blood flow to the testicle, rotates and becomes twisted. The twisting cuts off the testicle’s blood supply and causes sudden pain and swelling. […] An inguinal hernia is the most common type of hernia. It can appear as a swelling or lump in your groin, or as an enlarged scrotum (the pouch containing the testicles).

• #6

• #6 Lump On Testicle (Scrotal Mass): Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/21026-scrotal-masses

  Lumps or swelling on your testicles (scrotal masses) are usually benign. But in rare cases, they may be a sign of cancer. They can also be a sign of other conditions, including an infection, hernia or swollen vein. A testicular lump can be a symptom of other medical conditions, most of which aren’t serious. Most scrotal masses are benign (not cancerous). However, some testicle lumps can affect fertility. In some cases, they can even be a sign of a serious condition, such as testicular cancer. […] The most common causes of testicular lumps include: Epididymitis, Hydroceles, Inguinal hernia, Orchitis, Spermatoceles, Testicular cancer, Varicoceles. […] Testicular lump symptoms depend on their cause and/or the size of your lump. Some types of testicular bumps may cause few or no symptoms and won’t bother you at all. More bothersome symptoms may include: Shrinking testicle (testicular atrophy), Pain or a dull ache in your testicles or scrotum, which may move to other areas of your groin or body, Swelling in your testicles or scrotum, A feeling of heaviness in your scrotum or testicles, Blood in your semen (hematospermia), Fever, Chills, Pain when you pee (dysuria), Nausea and vomiting.

• #6 Lump On Testicle (Scrotal Mass): Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/21026-scrotal-masses

  Some types of conditions that cause testicular lumps may also affect your ability to achieve pregnancy (infertility). […] Testicular cancer warning signs include: A lump on your testicle, Your testicle swells or becomes larger, Pain in your testicle or scrotum, A feeling of heaviness in your scrotum. […] Testicular cancer can also cause infertility. Without treatment, it can also be fatal. […] Most lumps on your testicle are harmless. Epididymitis and orchitis may cause: A painful collection of pus (an abscess) in your scrotum, Fluid buildup in your scrotum, Your testicles to shrink, Infertility. […] You can’t prevent some causes of testicular lumps. However, it’s a good idea to regularly check your scrotum or testicles for lumps or any other changes. […] Testicular lumps are a common symptom that can appear in anyone with testicles at different ages. Most scrotal masses aren’t cancer and don’t pose a risk to your health. But they can be alarming, and there’s a chance they could be serious, especially if they appear along with other symptoms. Some masses can cause infertility or even be fatal without a proper diagnosis and necessary treatment.

• #7

• #8 Epididymitis

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/epididymitis/

  Epididymitis is usually caused by a sexually transmitted infection (STI), such as chlamydia or gonorrhoea. This is more likely in younger men under 35 years old. In men over 35, the main cause is usually a urine infection. […] It can also be caused by a urinary tract infection (UTI), but UTIs are less common in men. […] Less common causes of epididymitis include mumps, tuberculosis, taking amiodarone, a medicine used to treat heart rhythm disorder, a groin injury, and Behet’s disease. […] Lumps in the testicles can be a sign of testicular cancer. This is easier to treat if it’s found early.

• #9 Lumps in the scrotum: Symptoms & Treatment | Healthy Male

  https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/scrotal-lumps

  Many things can cause lumps on your scrotum including hydrocele, varicocele, warts, cysts and STIs. […] Hydroceles can be caused by injury, infection or inflammation. Very rarely, hydroceles can be a sign of testicular cancer in young men. […] Epididymitis is caused by infection, irritation or injury of the epididymitis. In younger men, epididymitis usually occurs in association with a sexually transmitted infection. In older men, infections by bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract are more common causes of epididymitis. […] Orchitis is usually accompanied by inflammation of the epididymis (epididymo-orchitis). The mumps virus is a common cause of orchitis but it can be caused by other viruses and bacteria. […] Testicular torsion is a twisting of the spermatic cord within the scrotum that reduces or completely stops blood flow to the testicle.

• #10 Inflammation of the Testicle (Orchitis)

  https://www.webmd.com/men/inflammation-testicle-orchitis

  Orchitis can result from the spread of bacteria through your blood from somewhere else in your body. […] Orchitis causes an area of pain and swelling in the testicle for one to several days. […] Later, the infection spreads to involve the whole testicle. […] Bacteria and viruses can cause orchitis. […] Bacteria that commonly cause orchitis include Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus. […] Bacteria that cause sexually transmitted diseases (STD), such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis, can cause orchitis in sexually active men, usually those ages 19 to 35. […] The virus that causes mumps can cause orchitis, as well. […] You may be at risk for nonsexually transmitted orchitis if you haven’t had proper vaccination against mumps, if you get urinary tract infections, if you are older than 45, or if you often have a catheter put into your bladder.

• #11 Testes lumps and swelling – Urology Clinics Manchester

  https://urologyclinics.co.uk/testes-lumps-and-swelling/

  Most of the time, varicoceles cause no problems and are harmless. Less often varicoceles can cause pain, problems with reduced fertility, or cause one testicle to grow slower or shrink. […] Hydrocele occurs when fluid collects in the thin sheath surrounding a testicle. […] Hydrocele is common in newborns babies and usually disappears without treatment by age one. Older boys and adult men can develop a hydrocele due to inflammation or injury within the scrotum.

• #11 Testes lumps and swelling – Urology Clinics Manchester

  https://urologyclinics.co.uk/testes-lumps-and-swelling/

  Epididymitis is where a tube (the epididymis) at the back of the testicles becomes swollen and painful. Its often caused by an infection and is usually treated with antibiotics. […] Orchitis is an inflammation of the testicles. It can be caused by either bacteria or a virus. Both testicles may be affected by orchitis at the same time. However, the symptoms usually appear in just one testicle. […] An epididymal cyst is a fluid-filled sac that grows in the epididymis a tube at the back of the testicles. It does not need treatment if it is small or causes no significant symptoms. If it needs treatment, usually surgery is needed to remove it, though this may affect fertility. […] Varicocele is a scrotal swelling caused by swollen veins (called the pampiniform plexus) in the spermatic cord (the cord attached to the testicle).

• #12 Swollen (Inflamed) Testicles Symptoms, Signs & Causes

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/swollen_testicles_causes_symptoms_and_signs/article_em.htm

  Testicle pain can be caused by a variety of causes, and some are a medical emergency. Examples of causes of a swollen testicle are testicular torsion, which is a medical emergency, epididymis, inflammation of the testicle (orchitis), infections, and a hydrocele. […] Testicle pain, discomfort, swelling, and soreness has many causes, some of which are surgical emergencies that require immediate medical attention in order to save the affected testicle. […] Testicular torsion needs to be treated surgical immediately. This problem occurs when the testicle twists inside the scrotum, either spontaneously or less commonly, because of direct trauma. […] Epididymitis (inflammation of the epididymis) most often is due to an infection. It’s the most common cause of testicular pain in men older than 18 years of age, though it can also occur in prepubertal boys and in elderly men.

• #12 Swollen (Inflamed) Testicles Symptoms, Signs & Causes

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/swollen_testicles_causes_symptoms_and_signs/article_em.htm

  Orchitis (inflammation of the testicle): This inflammatory condition of the testicle generally occurs because of an infectious process. It is sometimes found along with epididymitis (epididymo-orchitis), especially when epididymitis has gone untreated for several days. Most cases of orchitis are caused by a viral mumps infection, though other viruses and bacterial organisms can also cause it. […] Testicular cancer is cancer of the testicle that may spread to other body parts. Testicle infections, for example, epididymis and orchitis, are caused by bacteria and/or viruses. Testicular cancer is one of most curable of all cancers, and most testicular infections also are curable.

• #13 Scrotal Swelling | Loma Linda University Children’s Health

  https://lluch.org/conditions/scrotal-swelling

  Painful swelling can also happen quickly. Or it may happen slowly over time. Its less common but often more serious, especially if it is severe and sudden. Causes can include: Testicular torsion. This is when a testicle twists on its cord. A twisted cord can cut off the blood supply. Pain is sudden and severe. This problem may need surgery within 6 hours to save the testicle. Testicular torsion happens in about 1 out of 4,000 boys. Its most common in babies and boys between ages 12 and 18. […] Epididymitis and orchitis. These are infections that can be caused by bacteria or viruses. Pain is less severe and happens more slowly than with torsion. […] Less common causes of painful swelling include other injuries, allergic reactions, and insect bites. […] Without treatment, a varicocele may, over time, lead to testicle damage and being unable to have children (infertility). Sudden and severe causes of scrotal swelling, such as testicular torsion, need surgery within a few hours. Otherwise the testicle can die.

• #14 What Are Scrotal Masses? Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and More

  https://www.webmd.com/men/what-to-scrotal-masses

  Testicular Torsion. This happens when there is a twisting of the testes or the spermatic cord, a tube carrying semen to the penis. Testicular torsion is quite painful, as it cuts off the testicle’s blood supply. If you do not get quick attention from your doctor, the testicle could lose its function.

• #15 Testicle Lump: Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and More

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321980

  A lump or swelling can be one of the first symptoms of testicular cancer. Most tumors do not cause any pain. […] Several factors can increase a persons risk of developing testicular cancer. These may include cryptorchidism, age, race, and family history. […] Rarely, the lump may be a sign of testicular cancer.

• #16

  https://www.baus.org.uk/patients/conditions/12/testicular_lump/

  If you find a lump inside the scrotum, not arising from the skin of the scrotum itself, you should contact your GP immediately for further advice. […] The vast majority of swellings in the scrotum are benign and should not give cause for concern; […] If a lump is within the body of the testis itself, there is a 90% chance that it is a testicular cancer; […] Testicular cancer is the commonest malignant tumour in men between 20 and 50 years old; […] Testicular cancer is commoner in abnormal testicles e.g. previously undescended testicles, testicles which have been injured or infected and soft, atrophic testicles (sometimes seen in infertile men); […] Swellings of the scrotum are usually cystic (fluid-filled), inflammatory or solid. Clinical examination and ultrasound scanning can usually differentiate between the possible causes.

• #17 Testicular Cancer Signs and Symptoms | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/testicular-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-and-symptoms.html

  Lump or swelling in the testicle. […] Many of these symptoms are more likely to be caused by something other than testicular cancer. A number of non-cancerous conditions, such as testicle injury or inflammation, can cause symptoms a lot like those of testicular cancer. Inflammation of the testicle (known as orchitis) and inflammation of the epididymis (epididymitis) can cause swelling and pain of the testicle. […] Most often, the first symptom of testicular cancer is a lump on the testicle, or the testicle becomes swollen or larger. […] Some Leydig cell tumors can make estrogens (female sex hormones), which can cause breast growth or loss of sexual desire. […] Some Leydig cell tumors can make androgens (male sex hormones). Androgen-producing tumors may not cause any symptoms in men, but in boys they can cause signs of puberty at an abnormally early age. […] Even if testicular cancer has spread to other parts of the body, many men might not have symptoms right away.

• #18 Lumps and swellings | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/lumps-and-swellings

  Most testicular lumps are harmless and aren’t cancerous. […] Less than four in 100 of testicular lumps turn out to be testicular cancer. […] A lump or swelling in the testicle is most likely to be one of the following: swollen and enlarged veins inside the scrotum (varicoceles), swellings caused by a build-up of fluid around the testicle (hydrocele), a cyst in the epididymis (the long, coiled tube behind the testicles).

• #19 Testicular Care for Parents | CNWL School Health Service

  https://www.schoolhealth.cnwl.nhs.uk/parents-and-carers/health-and-wellbeing-zone/testicular-care/

  Recent research also suggests that men who smoke cannabis on a regular basis and develop testicular cancer may develop a more aggressive type. […] The most common symptom of testicular cancer is a hard lump in the testicles. […] If caught early, testicular cancer is 98% curable. […] Therefore it is really important that teenage boys are encouraged to look after their testicles by performing testicular self-examination on a regular basis. This should be at least once a month.

• #19 Testicular Care for Parents | CNWL School Health Service

  https://www.schoolhealth.cnwl.nhs.uk/parents-and-carers/health-and-wellbeing-zone/testicular-care/

  A sudden and severely painful swelling in one testicle can be a sign of a condition called testicular torsion, which is where the blood supply to a testicle is interrupted. […] In rare cases, testicular lumps can be a sign of testicular cancer. Cancer Research UK estimates that fewer than four in every 100 testicular lumps are cancerous. […] Testicular cancer is becoming more common with research suggesting that the common age for a male to be affected is between 15 and 45 years. 45 per cent of those diagnosed are reported to be under 35 year old. […] Possible risk factors include being born with an undescended testicle at birth, a brother or father with testicular cancer, repeated knocks or trauma to the scrotum and sedentary lifestyle (when a person has little or no physical exercise).

• #20 Testicular Cancer: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://atlanticurologyclinics.com/conditions/testicular-cancer/

  Testicular cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the testicles, which are the male reproductive glands responsible for producing sperm and hormones. […] While the exact cause of testicular cancer is not always clear, several risk factors have been identified that might increase the likelihood of its development. These risk factors include: […] Testicular cancer is most commonly diagnosed in men between the ages of 15 and 35, although it can occur at any age. […] Men with a testicle that didn’t correctly descend into the scrotum (cryptorchidism) are at a higher risk of developing cancer in that testicle. […] Having a close relative, such as a father or brother, with a history of testicular cancer increases the risk. […] If you’ve had testicular cancer in one testicle, you’re at a slightly higher risk of developing it in the other.

• #20 Testicular Cancer: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://atlanticurologyclinics.com/conditions/testicular-cancer/

  Certain conditions like Klinefelter syndrome can lead to abnormal testicle development and increase cancer risk. […] Testicular cancer is more common in white men than men of other racial backgrounds. […] Men with HIV or other conditions that weaken the immune system might be at an increased risk. […] This condition is a precursor to testicular cancer and raises the risk of its development.

• #21 Testicular Lumps and Swellings | The Pelvic Specialists

  https://thepelvicspecialists.co.uk/conditions-treated/mens-health/testicular-lumps-and-swellings/

  A testicle lump or swelling is an abnormal mass that can form in or around the testicles, sometimes referred to as scrotal swelling. Scrotal swellings are relatively common, can occur at any age and have many different causes. Most scrotal lumps are benign or non-cancerous in nature and require no treatment, but they can also indicate a serious underlying medical problem such as testicular cancer. […] Testicular cancer is relatively uncommon, accounting for just 1% of all cancers in men, with around 2,300 men diagnosed each year in the UK. Testicular cancer tends to affect younger men, mostly between 15 and 49 years of age. It is, however, the most common type of cancer to affect men in that age group. Testicular cancers are more common in men with a history of undescended testes as a child, a family history of testicular cancer, or a previous history of testicular cancer.

• #22

  https://www.amerikanhastanesi.org/mayo-clinic-care-network/mayo-clinic-health-information-library/diseases-conditions/scrotal-masses

  Epididymitis. This is when the coiled tube at the back of the testicle, called the epididymis, becomes inflamed. […] Orchitis. This is when inflammation, which can include pain and swelling, affects the testicle. […] Hydrocele. This is when extra fluid collects between the layers of a sac that surrounds each testicle. […] Hematocele. This is a buildup of blood between the layers of a sac that surrounds each testicle. […] Varicocele. This happens when the veins inside the scrotum get bigger. […] Inguinal hernia. This is when part of the small intestine pushes through an opening or weak spot in the tissue that separates the stomach area and groin. […] Testicular torsion. This is a painful problem that cuts off blood to the testicle. […] Things that can raise the risk of a scrotal mass include: Undescended testicle. An undescended testicle doesn’t leave the stomach area and move down into the scrotum before birth or in the months afterward.

• #22

  https://www.amerikanhastanesi.org/mayo-clinic-care-network/mayo-clinic-health-information-library/diseases-conditions/scrotal-masses

  Conditions present at birth. Some people are born with irregular changes in the testicles, penis or kidneys. […] History of testicular cancer. If you’ve had cancer in one testicle, your risk of getting cancer in the other testicle is higher. […] Treatment of a scrotal mass mainly depends on its cause. […] If your scrotal mass is caused by cancer that starts in a testicle, you’ll likely see a cancer doctor called an oncologist. […] The main treatment choices include: Radical inguinal orchiectomy. This is the main treatment for testicular cancer. […] Chemotherapy. This uses powerful chemicals to kill cancer cells. […] Radiation therapy also may be used. […] Most cases of early testicular cancer can be cured. […] Self-exams of the testicles might help you find a scrotal mass early on. […] If you find a lump or other unusual change, seek medical care to get it checked as soon as you can.

• #23 Testicle lump: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003162.htm

  A testicle lump is swelling or a growth (mass) in one or both testicles. […] A testicle lump that does not hurt may be a sign of cancer. Most cases of testicular cancer occur in men ages 15 to 40. It can also occur at older or younger ages. […] Possible causes of a painful scrotal mass include: A cyst-like lump in the scrotum that contains fluid and dead sperm cells (spermatocele). (This condition sometimes does not cause pain.) Epididymitis. Infection of the scrotal sac. Injury or trauma. Mumps. Orchitis (testicular infection). Testicular torsion. Testicular cancer. Varicocele. […] Possible causes if the scrotal mass is not painful: Loop of bowel from a hernia (this may or may not cause pain) Hydrocele Spermatocele Testicular cancer Varicocele Cyst of epididymis or testicle. […] If you have a lump in your testicle, tell your health care provider right away. A lump on the testicle may be the first sign of testicular cancer. Many men with testicular cancer have been given a wrong diagnosis. Therefore, it is important to go back to your provider if you have a lump that doesn’t go away. […] Contact your provider right away if you notice any unexplained lumps or any other changes in your testicles.

• #24 Testicular cancer – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/testicular-cancer-care/symptoms-causes/syc-20352986

  Testicular cancer starts when something causes changes to the DNA of testicle cells. A cell’s DNA holds the instructions that tell the cell what to do. The changes tell the cells to grow and multiply quickly. The cancer cells go on living when healthy cells would die as part of their natural life cycle. This causes a lot of extra cells in the testicle that can form a mass called a tumor. […] It’s not clear what causes most testicular cancers. […] Nearly all testicular cancers begin in the germ cells. The germ cells in the testicle make sperm. It’s not clear what causes DNA changes in the germ cells.

• #25 Testicular Swelling, Swollen Testicle Causes, Hydrocele | University of Utah Health | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/mens-health/conditions/hydrocele-swollen-testicle

  What Causes a Swollen Testicle? Doctors also refer to a swollen testicle as testicular enlargement. It occurs when the scrotum (the sac surrounding the testicles) grows abnormally large. […] Testicular swelling occurs when fluid starts to accumulate around the testicle or within other parts of the scrotum. But dont be alarmed, a swollen testicle does not always mean you have cancer. Its typically caused by a number of other health conditions, such as: inguinal hernia (a hernia in the groin), varicocele (enlarged veins in the scrotum), edema (accumulation of excess fluid in the body), testicular torsion, hydroceles, epididymal cyst or spermatocele, testicular infection (orchitis), and testicular cancer (less common). […] Orchitis is when one or both of the testicles are inflamed or swollen. Many different types of bacteria and viruses are the culprits for orchitis such as the mumps or sexually transmitted infections like gonorrhea or chlamydia. […] Testicular cancer can happen at any time in a man’s life. However, it’s more common in men between the ages of 25 to 35 and 55 to 65. Many types of testicular tumors exist, but their aggressiveness mainly depends on the type of tumor and its advancement stage.

• #26 Scrotal Lumps – TeachMeSurgery

  https://teachmesurgery.com/urology/presentations/scrotal-lumps/

  Testicular cancer is the most common malignancy in men aged 20-40yrs. […] Whilst the vast majority of scrotal lumps are benign, with any testicular mass it is always vital to assess for features of testicular cancer. […] Testicular torsion is a twisting of the testis on the spermatic cord, leading to ischaemia. […] Testicular torsion is a surgical emergency and must be acted on immediately, with scrotal exploration and fixation of both testes, to prevent irreversible testicular damage. […] Orchitis is inflammation of the testis. It is rare in isolation, with the main cause being the mumps virus, which often is preceded with a history of parotid swelling.

• #27 Testicular lumps: a guide to causes, diagnosis and treatment

  https://www.benendenhospital.org.uk/health-news/mens-health/a-guide-to-testicular-lumps/

  Lumps or swellings in the testicles are a relatively common occurrence and the majority of these are benign i.e. non-cancerous. […] Hydrocele in adults is generally unknown in cause. So, it can be due to infection or trauma or other things. But in the vast majority of men, there’s no obvious cause. It’s just accumulation of fluid, and we don’t really know why. […] In very rare cases, testicular lumps can be an early sign of testicular cancer, although Cancer Research UK estimates that less than 4% of testicular lumps are cancerous. […] Two common causes of testicular lumps are: Hydroceles (Hi-droe-seels) – A collection of fluid in the scrotum. A hydrocele is benign, not painful, but may make the testicle / scrotum look swollen and feel like a balloon filled with water; Epididymal cysts Small fluid-filled balls or lumps on one of your testicles. They may look a little water balloon-like, are benign, typically painless and caused by a build-up of fluid in the epididymis a long, coiled tube at the back of the testicles that stores and transports sperm. […] Some testicular lumps or swellings may not require any treatment and may just disappear on their own.

• #28 Scrotal swelling: Causes, symptoms, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327419

  Scrotal swelling may be painless or very painful. […] In very rare cases, scrotal swelling may indicate cancer. […] Several conditions may cause the scrotum to swell. […] Hydroceles and hernias are among the most common causes of scrotal swelling. […] A hydrocele is a collection of fluid that builds up around a testicle. […] Hydroceles can also occur later in life and may be the result of an injury or infection. […] Hernias develop when a portion of the intestines passes through the same opening that a hydrocele can pass through. […] Rarely, a swelling in the scrotum may indicate a tumor. […] Tumors in the testicles are particularly rare among children under 15 years of age and account for only 2% of childhood cancers. […] Nonetheless, it is important to have a doctor investigate any swelling or other changes to the scrotum.

• #29 Common causes of testicular pain, swelling and lumps – Children’s Health

  https://www.childrens.com/health-wellness/common-causes-of-testicular-pain-swelling-and-lumps

  Experiencing pain, swelling or a lump in the testicle can be worrisome. The good news is, when caught early, many testicular problems and injuries can be fixed and cured. […] Many testicular problems cause both pain and swelling. Sometimes, the pain can be dull or achy and worsen over time. Testicular pain can also be sudden and severe and can make a child’s stomach upset. […] Causes of severe testicular pain can include: Testicular torsion A serious condition that happens when the spermatic cord twists and cuts off blood supply to the testicle. […] Other conditions that cause testicular pain and swelling include: Infection (epididymitis) A condition that can cause swelling in the epididymis, a tube behind the testicles that helps activate sperm. […] Varicocele A condition that occurs when there is swelling in the vein that drains blood from the testicles. It can cause a dull ache and swelling and may feel like a bag of worms above the testicle.

• #30 Common Causes of Testicular Lumps and Swellings – London Andrology

  https://london-andrology.co.uk/news/common-causes-testicular-lumps-swellings/

  Testicular lumps are abnormal masses that can be found in the male testicles. This is a relatively common condition that lots of men will experience at least once in their lives, from young children to fully grown men. Testicular lumps have many different causes and the vast majority of them are harmless or at least non-life-threatening. […] Not all lumps indicate cancer though in fact the vast majority of lumps are caused by benign or non-cancerous conditions. […] The exact cause and reasons why varicoceles come to be is still unknown or unclear in the medical world. […] Epididymal cysts happen when sperm pools in the epididymis. Medical professionals arent exactly sure what causes this and you may experience spermatoceles for no specific reason at all. […] In this case, a testicular hernia occurs when part of your bowel pushes through your groin. This can cause the entire scrotum to become enlarged.

• #31 Scrotal Swelling: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.healthline.com/health/scrotal-swelling

  Scrotal swelling is an enlargement of the scrotal sac, or scrotum, which houses the testicles. It can be caused by injury, an underlying medical condition, a buildup of fluid, inflammation, or an abnormal growth within the scrotum. […] One of the main causes of painful scrotal swelling is testicular torsion. This is an injury or an event that causes a testicle in the scrotal sac to twist and cut off blood circulation. This very painful injury could cause tissue death to the scrotum in a matter of hours. […] Medical conditions and diseases can also cause the scrotum to swell. These conditions include: trauma, testicular cancer, abnormally enlarged veins in the scrotum, acute inflammation of the testes, called orchitis, swelling due to increased fluid, called hydrocele, hernia, inflammation or infection in the epididymis, called epididymitis, congestive heart failure, inflammation or infection of the scrotal skin.

• #32 Swollen Testicles & Testicular Lumps | Spire Healthcare

  https://www.spirehealthcare.com/symptoms/swollen-testicles/

  Testicular lumps and swellings are quite common and can affect males of any age. They can be caused by an injury or an underlying medical condition, which leads to a build-up of fluid, inflammation or an abnormal growth. […] Common causes include: Chlamydia a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by bacteria, which is usually passed on by having unprotected sex […] Epididymo-orchitis painful inflammation of the testicle and epididymis (the coil where sperm is stored), which can be caused by an STI, urinary tract infection (UTI) or, in boys, mumps […] Haematocele a collection of blood around your testicle, which is usually caused by an injury […] Hydrocele a build-up of fluid inside the scrotum (the loose pocket of skin surrounding your testicles), which can affect newborn male babies, boys and, most commonly, men over the age of 40

• #33 Scrotal Swelling in Children

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/health-library/scrotal-swelling-in-children

  Painless swelling can happen quickly. Or it may happen slowly over time. Causes can include: […] Painful swelling can also happen quickly. Or it may happen slowly over time. Its less common but often more serious, especially if it is severe and sudden. Causes can include: […] Less common causes include idiopathic scrotal edema and testicle tumors. Idiopathic means it has an unknown cause. Testicle tumors are very rare in boys younger than age 15. […] Testicular torsion happens in about 1 out of 4,000 boys. […] Epididymitis is an infection of the ducts near the testicle that store sperm. Its often caused by bacteria. […] Less common causes of painful swelling include other injuries, allergic reactions, and insect bites. […] Without treatment, a varicocele may, over time, lead to testicle damage and being unable to have children (infertility). […] Sudden and severe causes of scrotal swelling, such as testicular torsion, need surgery within a few hours. Otherwise the testicle can die.

• #34 Testicular cancer | Causes, Symptoms & Treatments | Cancer Council

  https://www.cancer.org.au/cancer-information/types-of-cancer/testicular-cancer

  Testicular cancer may cause no symptoms. The most common symptom is a painless swelling or a lump in a testicle or a change in size or shape. […] Some factors that may increase risk of testicular cancer include: undescended testicle (when an infant), family history (having a father or brother who has had testicular cancer), personal history if you have had cancer in one testicle you are more likely to develop cancer in the other testicle, infertility, HIV and AIDS, Physical features people born with Hypospadias, which causes the urethra to open on the underside of the penis, are at an increased risk of testicular cancer, Cannabis use there is some evidence linking regular cannabis use to the development of testicular cancer, Intersex variations – risk is higher in people with some intersex variations, such as partial androgen insensitivity syndrome. […] There is no known link between testicular cancer and injury to the testicles, sporting strains, hot baths or wearing tight clothes.

• #35 Swollen or painful testicle | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/swollen-or-painful-testicle

  The complications of swollen or painful testicles depend on what they are caused by. […] Varicoceles and conditions such as testicular cancer may lead to problems with fertility. […] Testicular torsion is a medical emergency that can cause loss of your testicle if not treated as soon as possible.

• #35 Swollen or painful testicle | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/swollen-or-painful-testicle

  Swollen or painful testicles can be caused by many different things. […] Testicular torsion is one cause of swelling and pain this is a medical emergency. […] It’s important to regularly check your testicles for new lumps or swellings. […] Scrotal swelling or pain is caused by many things, including: an injury, an infection such as mumps, a urinary tract infection (UTI) or sexually transmitted infection (STI), inflammation, such as from epididymitis, testicular cancer, a varicocele (a lumpy area caused by swollen veins in the scrotum), a cyst. […] Testicular torsion is another cause of swelling and pain. This happens when a testicle twists in the scrotum and cuts off the blood supply and causes swelling. […] Swollen testes are more common in children. […] It’s important to regularly check your testicles for new lumps or swellings. Your doctor can show you how to do this if you are unsure. Most lumps are not cancer, but it’s important to have them checked out.

• #36 Swollen Testicles | 6 Causes, Treatment, and More | Buoy

  https://www.buoyhealth.com/learn/testicular-swelling

  Less common causes of swollen testicles include the following. […] Allergies can result in swollen testicles. […] The following, although possible, are the least likely causes of swollen testicles. […] Testicular torsion is also called ATT or acute testicular infarction. It is a twisting of the spermatic cord, which runs from each testicle up into the abdomen and carries blood vessels, nerves, and sperm-transporting ducts. […] Orchitis occurs when one or both testicles are inflamed. This is often caused by sexually transmitted infections like gonorrhea or chlamydia. More rarely, orchitis is caused by a virus. […] Testicular cancer is a condition where cells inside the testicle begin to grow out of control, forming a lump (called a tumor). These cells may spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body.

• #37 Should You Worry About Swollen Testicles? | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/healthfeed/2024/11/should-you-worry-about-swollen-testicles

  Swollen testicles can potentially impact fertility or the ability of the testicle to make testosterone (particularly if the reason is cancer), severe trauma, infection, or varicocele. […] No pain, along with a firm, swollen testicle, could be a warning sign of cancer. […] If the swelling persists, it is likely a sign that you have something that requires medical attention.

• #38 Lumps, swelling and pain in the testicles and scrotum

  https://info.health.nz/conditions-treatments/mens-health/testicles-and-scrotum-lumps-swelling-and-pain

  Lumps and swelling in your testicles are fairly common and, in most cases, the cause is not serious. […] You should see your healthcare provider if you have: a lump in your testicles this can be a sign of testicular cancer and this is easier to treat when it is found early. […] Pain in the testicles can be caused by an infection in the testicles or any of the possible causes described here. […] A twisted testicle is sometimes caused by: injury, being in cold temperatures, vigorous exercise. […] Hydrocele is a collection of fluid in your scrotum that causes swelling. […] Varicocele is a swelling of a vein or veins in your scrotum. It is caused by the valves in the veins not working properly.

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