Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Type 1 Diabetes (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568751/

  Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease that leads to the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. People with T1DM require life-long insulin replacement therapy. Without insulin, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) develops and is life-threatening. […] All patients with T1DM require insulin therapy. Multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) using a basal/bolus insulin regimen or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion through an insulin pump are the preferred treatment. […] It is important to note that insulin requirements vary across the lifespan and under specific circumstances. […] Continuous glucose monitors (CGM) are extremely useful tools for people with T1DM. […] In addition to insulin therapy, diet, and physical activity, individuals with T1DM should generally have an annual eye exam by an eye care specialist.

• #2 Type 1 diabetes in children – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/type-1-diabetes-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20355306

  Type 1 diabetes in children is a condition in which your child’s body no longer produces an important hormone (insulin). Your child needs insulin to survive, so the missing insulin needs to be replaced with injections or with an insulin pump. Type 1 diabetes in children used to be known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes. […] The diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in children can be overwhelming, especially in the beginning. Suddenly you and your child depending on your child’s age must learn how to give injections, count carbohydrates and monitor blood sugar. […] There’s no cure for type 1 diabetes in children, but it can be managed. Advances in blood sugar monitoring and insulin delivery have improved blood sugar management and quality of life for children with type 1 diabetes.

• #3 Type 1 diabetes in children – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/type-1-diabetes-in-children/symptoms-causes/syc-20355306

  Type 1 diabetes in children is a condition in which your child’s body no longer produces an important hormone (insulin). Your child needs insulin to survive, so the missing insulin needs to be replaced with injections or with an insulin pump. Type 1 diabetes in children used to be known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes. […] The diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in children can be overwhelming, especially in the beginning. Suddenly you and your child depending on your child’s age must learn how to give injections, count carbohydrates and monitor blood sugar. […] There’s no cure for type 1 diabetes in children, but it can be managed. Advances in blood sugar monitoring and insulin delivery have improved blood sugar management and quality of life for children with type 1 diabetes.

• #4 Type 1 Diabetes: Causes, Symptoms, Complications & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21500-type-1-diabetes

  Type 1 diabetes is a chronic (life-long) autoimmune disease that prevents your pancreas from making insulin. It requires daily management with insulin injections and blood sugar monitoring. Both children and adults can be diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes. […] Symptoms of Type 1 diabetes in children and adults include excessive thirst and unexplained weight loss. […] If you or your child has these symptoms, it’s essential to see your healthcare provider and ask to be tested for Type 1 diabetes as soon as possible. […] If your child has Type 1 diabetes, they’ll need to see a pediatric endocrinologist. […] People with Type 1 diabetes need synthetic insulin every day, multiple times a day in order to live and be healthy. […] A large part of Type 1 diabetes management is counting carbohydrates (carbs) in the food and drinks you consume in order to give yourself proper doses of insulin.

• #5 Type 1 diabetes: overview, diagnosis and risk factors | Nursing Times

  https://www.nursingtimes.net/diabetes/type-1-diabetes-overview-diagnosis-and-risk-factors-11-12-2023/

  Type 1 diabetes has historically been known as juvenile diabetes, with the thought being that it is diagnosed at a young age. […] There are estimated to be 36,000 children or young adults aged 18 years living with diabetes in the UK, and around 90% of them have type 1 diabetes (Diabetes UK, 2019). […] General nurses can have limited exposure to the management of type 1 diabetes as it is much less common than type 2 diabetes. Because a greater level of specialist knowledge is needed for nurses to care for people with type 1 diabetes, patients are mostly supported in secondary care by specialist diabetology teams. […] Understanding the clinical features of diabetes can help nurses to identify it early and initiate treatment to avoid harm or fatal consequences for the affected individual.

• #6 Type 1 Diabetes in Children – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441918/

  A diabetes healthcare team may include the medical provider, nurse, diabetes educator, dietician, social worker, and psychologist; However, not all specialties are always available, convenient, or covered by insurance. Contact between the child and family and medical team between in-office visits is frequent, at least initially, while treatment is adjusted and the family learns the daily management tasks of caring for a child with diabetes. The patient and family make long-term day to day treatment decisions.

• #7 Type 1 Diabetes in Children – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441918/

  A diabetes healthcare team may include the medical provider, nurse, diabetes educator, dietician, social worker, and psychologist; However, not all specialties are always available, convenient, or covered by insurance. Contact between the child and family and medical team between in-office visits is frequent, at least initially, while treatment is adjusted and the family learns the daily management tasks of caring for a child with diabetes. The patient and family make long-term day to day treatment decisions.

• #8 Treating Type 1 Diabetes (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/treating-type1.html

  In type 1 diabetes, special cells in the pancreas that make insulin (beta cells) are destroyed. The body needs insulin to help glucose (sugar) get from the blood into the cells for energy. Without insulin, a persons blood sugar rises and they get sick. […] If your child or teen is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, the next step is to start treatment. Treating diabetes means keeping blood sugar levels in a healthy range. Your childs diabetes care team will treat your child using a personalized diabetes care plan made for them. […] A diabetes care plan is a set of instructions for you and your child to follow. The goal of the plan is to help keep your childs blood sugars in a healthy range. […] Treating type 1 diabetes also includes checking blood sugar levels every day. […] All kids and teens with type 1 diabetes need to take insulin so that glucose can get from their blood into their cells for energy. The care team will make an insulin schedule specifically for your child.

• #9 Type 1 Diabetes in Children – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441918/

  A diabetes healthcare team may include the medical provider, nurse, diabetes educator, dietician, social worker, and psychologist; However, not all specialties are always available, convenient, or covered by insurance. Contact between the child and family and medical team between in-office visits is frequent, at least initially, while treatment is adjusted and the family learns the daily management tasks of caring for a child with diabetes. The patient and family make long-term day to day treatment decisions.

• #10 Care and Safety of Schoolchildren with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Parental Perceptions of the School Nurse Role

  https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/7/1228

  Schoolchildren with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) need supervision in the management of their disorder by the school nurse, securing proper care and safety in the school environment. […] The majority (58.8%) noted that their children received some care from a school nurse, less than half (44.6%) declared feeling very safe concerning diabetes care, and 42.5% reported high levels of diabetes management satisfaction. […] The presence of a school nurse was associated with higher academic performance (p < 0.001), significantly fewer absences due to the disorder (p < 0.001) and better diabetes management (p < 0.043). [...] The daily presence of a school nurse in school decreases absenteeism, greatly improves school performance and enhances diabetic management of schoolchildren with T1DM. [...] The school nurse’s presence guarantees the proper management of metabolic control, as well as the safety and also the academic development of students who face special health problems such as T1DM.

• #11 Care and Safety of Schoolchildren with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Parental Perceptions of the School Nurse Role

  https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/7/1228

  Schoolchildren with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) need supervision in the management of their disorder by the school nurse, securing proper care and safety in the school environment. […] The majority (58.8%) noted that their children received some care from a school nurse, less than half (44.6%) declared feeling very safe concerning diabetes care, and 42.5% reported high levels of diabetes management satisfaction. […] The presence of a school nurse was associated with higher academic performance (p < 0.001), significantly fewer absences due to the disorder (p < 0.001) and better diabetes management (p < 0.043). [...] The daily presence of a school nurse in school decreases absenteeism, greatly improves school performance and enhances diabetic management of schoolchildren with T1DM. [...] The school nurse’s presence guarantees the proper management of metabolic control, as well as the safety and also the academic development of students who face special health problems such as T1DM.

• #12 Care and Safety of Schoolchildren with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Parental Perceptions of the School Nurse Role

  https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/7/1228

  The presence of a school nurse ensures the safety of all schoolchildren, both healthy and those facing health problems, such as T1DM, and, in this instance, guarantees proper management of metabolic control and academic development of children with diabetes. […] Limited studies have been conducted in Greece to explore the views of parents of schoolchildren with T1DM regarding the care and safety provided by a school nurse to their children in the school environment. […] The presence of school nurses as permanent staff members in every school is considered necessary, as their daily presence helps to significantly reduce the absenteeism of diabetic schoolchildren, significantly increases their school performance and, at the same time, contributes to better regulation of T1DM.

• #13 Nursing Care Plan For Juvenile Diabetes – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-juvenile-diabetes/

  A comprehensive nursing assessment for juvenile diabetes is essential for developing an individualized care plan that addresses the unique physical and psychosocial needs of each child or adolescent. This assessment serves as the foundation for tailoring diabetes management strategies, promoting self-care skills, and enhancing the overall well-being of young patients living with diabetes. […] Nursing diagnoses for juvenile diabetes are essential for guiding care and promoting the well-being of children and adolescents living with this chronic condition. These diagnoses help healthcare providers address the physical, emotional, and educational needs of young patients and their families, aiming to optimize diabetes management and overall health. […] Nursing interventions for juvenile diabetes are crucial for empowering children and their families to effectively manage this chronic condition. These interventions focus on education, insulin management, emotional support, and collaboration with healthcare providers to ensure optimal diabetes control and improve the childs overall quality of life.

• #14 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes) Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Most pediatric patients with diabetes have type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and a lifetime dependence on exogenous insulin. […] Type 1 diabetes or (also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and juvenile diabetes mellitus) is a chronic illness characterized by the body’s inability to produce insulin due to the autoimmune destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas. […] Management of type 1 diabetes in children includes insulin therapy and a meal and exercise plan. […] Insulin therapy is an essential part of the treatment of diabetes in children; the dosage of insulin is adjusted according to blood glucose levels so that the levels are maintained near normal. […] Nursing care for a patient with diabetes mellitus type 1 includes the following: […] Nursing assessment for patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 involves:

• #15 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes) Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Most pediatric patients with diabetes have type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and a lifetime dependence on exogenous insulin. […] Type 1 diabetes or (also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and juvenile diabetes mellitus) is a chronic illness characterized by the body’s inability to produce insulin due to the autoimmune destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas. […] Management of type 1 diabetes in children includes insulin therapy and a meal and exercise plan. […] Insulin therapy is an essential part of the treatment of diabetes in children; the dosage of insulin is adjusted according to blood glucose levels so that the levels are maintained near normal. […] Nursing care for a patient with diabetes mellitus type 1 includes the following: […] Nursing assessment for patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 involves:

• #16 Nursing Care Plan For Juvenile Diabetes – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-juvenile-diabetes/

  A comprehensive nursing assessment for juvenile diabetes is essential for developing an individualized care plan that addresses the unique physical and psychosocial needs of each child or adolescent. This assessment serves as the foundation for tailoring diabetes management strategies, promoting self-care skills, and enhancing the overall well-being of young patients living with diabetes. […] Nursing diagnoses for juvenile diabetes are essential for guiding care and promoting the well-being of children and adolescents living with this chronic condition. These diagnoses help healthcare providers address the physical, emotional, and educational needs of young patients and their families, aiming to optimize diabetes management and overall health. […] Nursing interventions for juvenile diabetes are crucial for empowering children and their families to effectively manage this chronic condition. These interventions focus on education, insulin management, emotional support, and collaboration with healthcare providers to ensure optimal diabetes control and improve the childs overall quality of life.

• #17 Nursing Care Plan For Juvenile Diabetes – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-juvenile-diabetes/

  A comprehensive nursing assessment for juvenile diabetes is essential for developing an individualized care plan that addresses the unique physical and psychosocial needs of each child or adolescent. This assessment serves as the foundation for tailoring diabetes management strategies, promoting self-care skills, and enhancing the overall well-being of young patients living with diabetes. […] Nursing diagnoses for juvenile diabetes are essential for guiding care and promoting the well-being of children and adolescents living with this chronic condition. These diagnoses help healthcare providers address the physical, emotional, and educational needs of young patients and their families, aiming to optimize diabetes management and overall health. […] Nursing interventions for juvenile diabetes are crucial for empowering children and their families to effectively manage this chronic condition. These interventions focus on education, insulin management, emotional support, and collaboration with healthcare providers to ensure optimal diabetes control and improve the childs overall quality of life.

• #18 Nursing Care Plan For Juvenile Diabetes – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-juvenile-diabetes/

  A comprehensive nursing assessment for juvenile diabetes is essential for developing an individualized care plan that addresses the unique physical and psychosocial needs of each child or adolescent. This assessment serves as the foundation for tailoring diabetes management strategies, promoting self-care skills, and enhancing the overall well-being of young patients living with diabetes. […] Nursing diagnoses for juvenile diabetes are essential for guiding care and promoting the well-being of children and adolescents living with this chronic condition. These diagnoses help healthcare providers address the physical, emotional, and educational needs of young patients and their families, aiming to optimize diabetes management and overall health. […] Nursing interventions for juvenile diabetes are crucial for empowering children and their families to effectively manage this chronic condition. These interventions focus on education, insulin management, emotional support, and collaboration with healthcare providers to ensure optimal diabetes control and improve the childs overall quality of life.

• #19 3 Ways to Help Manage Your Child’s Type 1 Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/caring/3-ways-help-manage-childs-type-1.html

  Keep the lines of conversation open. Let your child know that you understand diabetes is a lot to handle. Remind them that small choices now can lead to better results later. […] People of any age with diabetes are more likely to have mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety. And sometimes the demands of managing a long-term condition like diabetes can seem like too much. This state is known as diabetes distress or burnout. […] Keep an eye out for any changes in your child’s behavior or trouble sticking to their treatment plan. Those can signal distress or another emotional problem. Get in touch with your child’s health care team, who can connect you with a mental health counselor if needed.

• #20 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes) Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] Nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] The child with diabetes needs a sound nutritional program that provides adequate nutrition for normal growth while it maintains the blood glucose at near normal levels. […] The child’s blood glucose levels must be monitored to maintain it within normal limits; determine the blood glucose level at least twice a day, before breakfast and before the evening meal. […] Provide child and family teaching in the management of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The child/ caregiver: […] Learned about and managing hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, insulin administration, and exercise needs for the child.

• #21 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes) Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] Nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] The child with diabetes needs a sound nutritional program that provides adequate nutrition for normal growth while it maintains the blood glucose at near normal levels. […] The child’s blood glucose levels must be monitored to maintain it within normal limits; determine the blood glucose level at least twice a day, before breakfast and before the evening meal. […] Provide child and family teaching in the management of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The child/ caregiver: […] Learned about and managing hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, insulin administration, and exercise needs for the child.

• #22 Nursing Care Plan For Juvenile Diabetes – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-juvenile-diabetes/

  A comprehensive nursing assessment for juvenile diabetes is essential for developing an individualized care plan that addresses the unique physical and psychosocial needs of each child or adolescent. This assessment serves as the foundation for tailoring diabetes management strategies, promoting self-care skills, and enhancing the overall well-being of young patients living with diabetes. […] Nursing diagnoses for juvenile diabetes are essential for guiding care and promoting the well-being of children and adolescents living with this chronic condition. These diagnoses help healthcare providers address the physical, emotional, and educational needs of young patients and their families, aiming to optimize diabetes management and overall health. […] Nursing interventions for juvenile diabetes are crucial for empowering children and their families to effectively manage this chronic condition. These interventions focus on education, insulin management, emotional support, and collaboration with healthcare providers to ensure optimal diabetes control and improve the childs overall quality of life.

• #23 Nursing care of a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus – a…

  https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/pielxxiw-2020-0029

  Type 1 diabetes is the most common chronic childhood disease. […] The aim of the study is to present the process of nursing a child with DMT1 and its family using the terminology from ICNP. […] Proper nursing care, intensive diabetes education and optimal treatment are essential to ensure the best quality of life while minimizing the risk of acute metabolic disorders and chronic complications. […] Using ICNP terminology enables the creation of a detailed and holistic nursing process for a child with DMT1 and its family. […] Based on the information obtained, nursing diagnoses were formulated: dyspnea, nausea, hyperglycaemia, hypoglycaemia, lack of knowledge of illness, lack of knowledge of treatment regime, lack of knowledge of diet regime, overweight, anxiety, impaired socialization, risk of impaired parenting. […] The nursing interventions will help to achieve an appropriate standard of living as well as reduce the risk of acute metabolic disorders and chronic diabetes complications.

• #24 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes) Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] Nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] The child with diabetes needs a sound nutritional program that provides adequate nutrition for normal growth while it maintains the blood glucose at near normal levels. […] The child’s blood glucose levels must be monitored to maintain it within normal limits; determine the blood glucose level at least twice a day, before breakfast and before the evening meal. […] Provide child and family teaching in the management of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The child/ caregiver: […] Learned about and managing hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, insulin administration, and exercise needs for the child.

• #25 Nursing care of a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus – a…

  https://sciendo.com/article/10.2478/pielxxiw-2020-0029

  Type 1 diabetes is the most common chronic childhood disease. […] The aim of the study is to present the process of nursing a child with DMT1 and its family using the terminology from ICNP. […] Proper nursing care, intensive diabetes education and optimal treatment are essential to ensure the best quality of life while minimizing the risk of acute metabolic disorders and chronic complications. […] Using ICNP terminology enables the creation of a detailed and holistic nursing process for a child with DMT1 and its family. […] Based on the information obtained, nursing diagnoses were formulated: dyspnea, nausea, hyperglycaemia, hypoglycaemia, lack of knowledge of illness, lack of knowledge of treatment regime, lack of knowledge of diet regime, overweight, anxiety, impaired socialization, risk of impaired parenting. […] The nursing interventions will help to achieve an appropriate standard of living as well as reduce the risk of acute metabolic disorders and chronic diabetes complications.

• #26 Nursing Care Plan For Juvenile Diabetes – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-juvenile-diabetes/

  A comprehensive nursing assessment for juvenile diabetes is essential for developing an individualized care plan that addresses the unique physical and psychosocial needs of each child or adolescent. This assessment serves as the foundation for tailoring diabetes management strategies, promoting self-care skills, and enhancing the overall well-being of young patients living with diabetes. […] Nursing diagnoses for juvenile diabetes are essential for guiding care and promoting the well-being of children and adolescents living with this chronic condition. These diagnoses help healthcare providers address the physical, emotional, and educational needs of young patients and their families, aiming to optimize diabetes management and overall health. […] Nursing interventions for juvenile diabetes are crucial for empowering children and their families to effectively manage this chronic condition. These interventions focus on education, insulin management, emotional support, and collaboration with healthcare providers to ensure optimal diabetes control and improve the childs overall quality of life.

• #27 Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Nursing Care Management and Study Guide – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes/

  Most pediatric patients with diabetes have type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and a lifetime dependence on exogenous insulin. […] Type 1 diabetes is typically diagnosed in children, adolescents, and young adults, and it requires lifelong insulin therapy for proper blood sugar management. […] Nursing care for a patient with diabetes mellitus type 1 includes the following: […] Nursing assessment for patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 involves: […] Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] The major nursing care planning goals for diabetes mellitus type 1 include: […] Nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] Documentation in a child with diabetes mellitus type 1 includes:

• #28 Type 1 Diabetes In Children – An Overview | KidsHealth New Zealand’s Trusted Voice On Children’s Health

  https://www.kidshealth.org.nz/diabetes/type-1-diabetes-in-children-an-overview

  Monitoring your blood glucose levels allows you and your diabetes team to adjust the insulin doses. […] A child or young person with type 1 diabetes needs to eat a healthy diet, just like those without diabetes. […] Tamariki and rangatahi with type 1 diabetes can exercise safely and join in PE classes and team sports. […] Education and learning about type 1 diabetes is an ongoing process. […] It’s important to monitor blood glucose levels and try to keep them within target range (4 to 8 mmol/L) even if your child is feeling 'OK’ at the moment. […] You can minimise long-term risks and complications by keeping blood glucose levels in target range as much as possible. […] Help your child maintain long-term health and minimise the risk of diabetes complications.

• #29 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes) Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] Nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] The child with diabetes needs a sound nutritional program that provides adequate nutrition for normal growth while it maintains the blood glucose at near normal levels. […] The child’s blood glucose levels must be monitored to maintain it within normal limits; determine the blood glucose level at least twice a day, before breakfast and before the evening meal. […] Provide child and family teaching in the management of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The child/ caregiver: […] Learned about and managing hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, insulin administration, and exercise needs for the child.

• #30 Treating Type 1 Diabetes (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/treating-type1.html

  In type 1 diabetes, special cells in the pancreas that make insulin (beta cells) are destroyed. The body needs insulin to help glucose (sugar) get from the blood into the cells for energy. Without insulin, a persons blood sugar rises and they get sick. […] If your child or teen is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, the next step is to start treatment. Treating diabetes means keeping blood sugar levels in a healthy range. Your childs diabetes care team will treat your child using a personalized diabetes care plan made for them. […] A diabetes care plan is a set of instructions for you and your child to follow. The goal of the plan is to help keep your childs blood sugars in a healthy range. […] Treating type 1 diabetes also includes checking blood sugar levels every day. […] All kids and teens with type 1 diabetes need to take insulin so that glucose can get from their blood into their cells for energy. The care team will make an insulin schedule specifically for your child.

• #31 Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Diet, Activity

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/919999-treatment

  Goals of glycemic control (regardless of age) is HbA1c of less than 7% for most patients. […] Individualization of the HbA1c goal may be appropriate for certain pediatric patients, such as those with limited ability to articulate hypoglycemia or at risk for severe hypoglycemia (younger children or pre-verbal infants), those with a history of severe hypoglycemia, or those with limited life expectancy. […] A well-organized diabetes care team can provide all necessary instruction and support in an outpatient setting. […] Children should wear some form of medical identification, such as a medical alert bracelet or necklace. […] Where a diabetes care team is available, admission is usually required only for children with DKA. […] Regular outpatient review with a specialized diabetes team improves short- and long-term outcomes.

• #32 Nursing Care Plan For Juvenile Diabetes – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-juvenile-diabetes/

  In conclusion, the nursing care plan for juvenile diabetes, also known as Type 1 Diabetes, plays a pivotal role in ensuring that children and adolescents with this chronic condition receive comprehensive care, education, and support to lead healthy and fulfilling lives. […] The care plan outlined above underscores the importance of empowering young patients and their families with the knowledge and skills needed to effectively manage diabetes. Through diabetes education, insulin management, blood glucose monitoring, and psychosocial support, nurses contribute significantly to improving glycemic control and reducing the risk of complications. […] Nursing care plans for juvenile diabetes go beyond the clinical aspect of care; they address the emotional and psychosocial needs of young patients and their families. By offering support, resources, and a compassionate approach, nurses help children and adolescents with diabetes build resilience, confidence, and the skills to manage their health effectively.

• #33 Type 1 Diabetes In Children – An Overview | KidsHealth New Zealand’s Trusted Voice On Children’s Health

  https://www.kidshealth.org.nz/diabetes/type-1-diabetes-in-children-an-overview

  Monitoring your blood glucose levels allows you and your diabetes team to adjust the insulin doses. […] A child or young person with type 1 diabetes needs to eat a healthy diet, just like those without diabetes. […] Tamariki and rangatahi with type 1 diabetes can exercise safely and join in PE classes and team sports. […] Education and learning about type 1 diabetes is an ongoing process. […] It’s important to monitor blood glucose levels and try to keep them within target range (4 to 8 mmol/L) even if your child is feeling 'OK’ at the moment. […] You can minimise long-term risks and complications by keeping blood glucose levels in target range as much as possible. […] Help your child maintain long-term health and minimise the risk of diabetes complications.

• #34 Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Diet, Activity

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/919999-treatment

  Goals of glycemic control (regardless of age) is HbA1c of less than 7% for most patients. […] Individualization of the HbA1c goal may be appropriate for certain pediatric patients, such as those with limited ability to articulate hypoglycemia or at risk for severe hypoglycemia (younger children or pre-verbal infants), those with a history of severe hypoglycemia, or those with limited life expectancy. […] A well-organized diabetes care team can provide all necessary instruction and support in an outpatient setting. […] Children should wear some form of medical identification, such as a medical alert bracelet or necklace. […] Where a diabetes care team is available, admission is usually required only for children with DKA. […] Regular outpatient review with a specialized diabetes team improves short- and long-term outcomes.

• #35 Nursing Care Plan For Juvenile Diabetes – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-juvenile-diabetes/

  A comprehensive nursing assessment for juvenile diabetes is essential for developing an individualized care plan that addresses the unique physical and psychosocial needs of each child or adolescent. This assessment serves as the foundation for tailoring diabetes management strategies, promoting self-care skills, and enhancing the overall well-being of young patients living with diabetes. […] Nursing diagnoses for juvenile diabetes are essential for guiding care and promoting the well-being of children and adolescents living with this chronic condition. These diagnoses help healthcare providers address the physical, emotional, and educational needs of young patients and their families, aiming to optimize diabetes management and overall health. […] Nursing interventions for juvenile diabetes are crucial for empowering children and their families to effectively manage this chronic condition. These interventions focus on education, insulin management, emotional support, and collaboration with healthcare providers to ensure optimal diabetes control and improve the childs overall quality of life.

• #36 Type 1 Diabetes (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568751/

  Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease that leads to the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. People with T1DM require life-long insulin replacement therapy. Without insulin, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) develops and is life-threatening. […] All patients with T1DM require insulin therapy. Multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) using a basal/bolus insulin regimen or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion through an insulin pump are the preferred treatment. […] It is important to note that insulin requirements vary across the lifespan and under specific circumstances. […] Continuous glucose monitors (CGM) are extremely useful tools for people with T1DM. […] In addition to insulin therapy, diet, and physical activity, individuals with T1DM should generally have an annual eye exam by an eye care specialist.

• #37 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes) Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] Nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] The child with diabetes needs a sound nutritional program that provides adequate nutrition for normal growth while it maintains the blood glucose at near normal levels. […] The child’s blood glucose levels must be monitored to maintain it within normal limits; determine the blood glucose level at least twice a day, before breakfast and before the evening meal. […] Provide child and family teaching in the management of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The child/ caregiver: […] Learned about and managing hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, insulin administration, and exercise needs for the child.

• #38 Type 1 diabetes in children – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/type-1-diabetes-in-children/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355312

  There are several blood tests for type 1 diabetes in children. These tests are used to diagnose diabetes and to monitor diabetes management: […] Treatment for type 1 diabetes includes: […] You’ll work closely with your child’s diabetes treatment team health care provider, certified diabetes care and education specialist, and registered dietitian. The goal of treatment is to keep your child’s blood sugar within certain numbers. This target range helps to keep your child’s blood sugar level as close to normal as possible. […] Anyone who has type 1 diabetes needs lifelong treatment with one or more types of insulin to survive. […] You or your child will need to check and record your child’s blood sugar at least four times a day. […] Food is a big part of any diabetes treatment plan, but that doesn’t mean your child has to follow a strict „diabetes diet.”

• #39 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes) Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] Nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] The child with diabetes needs a sound nutritional program that provides adequate nutrition for normal growth while it maintains the blood glucose at near normal levels. […] The child’s blood glucose levels must be monitored to maintain it within normal limits; determine the blood glucose level at least twice a day, before breakfast and before the evening meal. […] Provide child and family teaching in the management of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The child/ caregiver: […] Learned about and managing hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, insulin administration, and exercise needs for the child.

• #40 Type 1 Diabetes (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568751/

  Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease that leads to the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. People with T1DM require life-long insulin replacement therapy. Without insulin, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) develops and is life-threatening. […] All patients with T1DM require insulin therapy. Multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) using a basal/bolus insulin regimen or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion through an insulin pump are the preferred treatment. […] It is important to note that insulin requirements vary across the lifespan and under specific circumstances. […] Continuous glucose monitors (CGM) are extremely useful tools for people with T1DM. […] In addition to insulin therapy, diet, and physical activity, individuals with T1DM should generally have an annual eye exam by an eye care specialist.

• #41 Type 1 diabetes in children – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/type-1-diabetes-in-children/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355312

  There are several blood tests for type 1 diabetes in children. These tests are used to diagnose diabetes and to monitor diabetes management: […] Treatment for type 1 diabetes includes: […] You’ll work closely with your child’s diabetes treatment team health care provider, certified diabetes care and education specialist, and registered dietitian. The goal of treatment is to keep your child’s blood sugar within certain numbers. This target range helps to keep your child’s blood sugar level as close to normal as possible. […] Anyone who has type 1 diabetes needs lifelong treatment with one or more types of insulin to survive. […] You or your child will need to check and record your child’s blood sugar at least four times a day. […] Food is a big part of any diabetes treatment plan, but that doesn’t mean your child has to follow a strict „diabetes diet.”

• #42 Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Guidelines: Guidelines Summary

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/919999-guidelines

  All individuals with type 1 diabetes should have access to an uninterrupted supply of insulin; lack of access and insulin omissions are major causes of diabetic ketoacidosis. […] Glucagon should be prescribed for all individuals with type 1 diabetes, and caregivers or family members should be instructed regarding administration. […] Annual screening for albuminuria with a random spot urine sample for albumin-to-creatinine ratio should be performed at puberty or at age 10 years or older, whichever is earlier, once the child has had diabetes for 5 years. […] The majority of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes should be treated with intensive insulin regimens, either via multiple daily injections or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. […] All children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes should self-monitor blood glucose levels multiple times daily, including premeal and prebedtime; as needed for safety in specific clinical situations, such as exercise or driving; and for symptoms of hypoglycemia.

• #43 Treating Type 1 Diabetes (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/treating-type1.html

  In type 1 diabetes, special cells in the pancreas that make insulin (beta cells) are destroyed. The body needs insulin to help glucose (sugar) get from the blood into the cells for energy. Without insulin, a persons blood sugar rises and they get sick. […] If your child or teen is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, the next step is to start treatment. Treating diabetes means keeping blood sugar levels in a healthy range. Your childs diabetes care team will treat your child using a personalized diabetes care plan made for them. […] A diabetes care plan is a set of instructions for you and your child to follow. The goal of the plan is to help keep your childs blood sugars in a healthy range. […] Treating type 1 diabetes also includes checking blood sugar levels every day. […] All kids and teens with type 1 diabetes need to take insulin so that glucose can get from their blood into their cells for energy. The care team will make an insulin schedule specifically for your child.

• #44 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes) Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] Nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] The child with diabetes needs a sound nutritional program that provides adequate nutrition for normal growth while it maintains the blood glucose at near normal levels. […] The child’s blood glucose levels must be monitored to maintain it within normal limits; determine the blood glucose level at least twice a day, before breakfast and before the evening meal. […] Provide child and family teaching in the management of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The child/ caregiver: […] Learned about and managing hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, insulin administration, and exercise needs for the child.

• #45 Type 1 Diabetes: Causes, Symptoms, Complications & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21500-type-1-diabetes

  Type 1 diabetes is a chronic (life-long) autoimmune disease that prevents your pancreas from making insulin. It requires daily management with insulin injections and blood sugar monitoring. Both children and adults can be diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes. […] Symptoms of Type 1 diabetes in children and adults include excessive thirst and unexplained weight loss. […] If you or your child has these symptoms, it’s essential to see your healthcare provider and ask to be tested for Type 1 diabetes as soon as possible. […] If your child has Type 1 diabetes, they’ll need to see a pediatric endocrinologist. […] People with Type 1 diabetes need synthetic insulin every day, multiple times a day in order to live and be healthy. […] A large part of Type 1 diabetes management is counting carbohydrates (carbs) in the food and drinks you consume in order to give yourself proper doses of insulin.

• #46 Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Diet, Activity

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/919999-treatment

  All children with type 1 diabetes mellitus require insulin therapy with either multiple daily dosing of subcutaneous injections (MDI) or continuous insulin infusion/insulin pumps. […] The ADA’s Standards of Care in Diabetes-2024 recommend that if it can be safely used by either the patient or the patients caregivers, youths with type 1 diabetes who are taking multiple daily injections or on insulin pump therapy should be offered, at diagnosis or as soon as possible afterwards, real-time or intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring. […] A hybrid closed-loop system (insulin pump with continuous glucose monitoring) is used to improve glycemic control in type 1 diabetes. […] The aim of dietary management is to balance the child’s food intake with insulin dose and activity and to keep blood glucose concentrations as close as possible to reference ranges, avoiding extremes of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia. […] The dietitian should develop a diet plan for each child to suit individual needs and circumstances. Regularly review and adjust the plan to accommodate the patient’s growth and lifestyle changes.

• #47 Treating Type 1 Diabetes (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/treating-type1.html

  Kids with type 1 diabetes need to find the right balance of food, insulin, and exercise to keep their blood sugars in the healthy range. […] Exercise strengthens your childs muscles and bones, helps them feel good, and controls blood sugar levels. In fact, being active makes insulin work better. Kids with type 1 diabetes can and should exercise. […] Following the plan and staying in touch with the care team is the best way to keep your child healthy.

• #48 Treating Type 1 Diabetes (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/treating-type1.html

  Kids with type 1 diabetes need to find the right balance of food, insulin, and exercise to keep their blood sugars in the healthy range. […] Exercise strengthens your childs muscles and bones, helps them feel good, and controls blood sugar levels. In fact, being active makes insulin work better. Kids with type 1 diabetes can and should exercise. […] Following the plan and staying in touch with the care team is the best way to keep your child healthy.

• #49 Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Guidelines: Guidelines Summary

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/919999-guidelines

  In August 2018, the American Diabetes Association released a position statement on type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents, which included the following guidelines: […] The majority of children with type 1 diabetes should be treated with intensive insulin regimens using multiple daily injections of prandial insulin and basal insulin or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. […] Continuous glucose monitors (CGM) should be considered in all children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes; the benefits of CGM correlate with adherence to ongoing use of the device. […] Individualized medical nutrition therapy is recommended for children and adolescents. […] Exercise is recommended, with a goal of 60 minutes a day of moderate to vigorous aerobic activity, along with vigorous muscle-strengthening and bone-strengthening activities at least 3 days a week.

• #50 Managing Blood Sugars When Your Child Has Type 1 Diabetes (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/diabetes-control.html

  Managing blood sugar means keeping your childs blood sugar in the healthy range not too high and not too low. Your care team may call this „diabetes control.” […] Keeping blood sugars in the healthy range will help your child have more energy and grow well. It will also prevent health problems in the future. […] Lean on your care team for support. Theyll help you boost your skills and confidence in managing your childs diabetes. […] Your care team will talk with you often about them. […] Your care team will teach you about using insulin, and how and when to adjust it. […] Keeping active is terrific for kids with type 1 diabetes. Exercise lowers blood sugars and keeps kids fit. […] At your childs regular diabetes checkups, youll discuss blood sugar results with the care team, and theyll update the care plan as needed.

• #51 Type 1 diabetes in children – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/type-1-diabetes-in-children/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355312

  Everyone needs regular aerobic exercise, and children who have type 1 diabetes are no exception. […] Your child will need regular appointments to ensure good diabetes management. […] Despite your best efforts, sometimes problems will arise. […] Blood sugar can sometimes change unpredictably. […] Your child’s primary care provider will probably make the initial diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. Hospitalization may be needed to stabilize your child’s blood sugar levels. […] Following a diabetes treatment plan requires 24-hour care and significant lifestyle changes. Careful management of type 1 diabetes helps reduce your child’s risk of serious complications. […] You’ll need to work with your child’s day care provider or school nurse and teachers to make sure they know the signs and symptoms of high and low blood sugar levels. […] If managing your child’s diabetes seems overwhelming, take it one day at a time.

• #52 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes) Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] Nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] The child with diabetes needs a sound nutritional program that provides adequate nutrition for normal growth while it maintains the blood glucose at near normal levels. […] The child’s blood glucose levels must be monitored to maintain it within normal limits; determine the blood glucose level at least twice a day, before breakfast and before the evening meal. […] Provide child and family teaching in the management of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The child/ caregiver: […] Learned about and managing hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, insulin administration, and exercise needs for the child.

• #53 Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Guidelines: Guidelines Summary

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/919999-guidelines

  All individuals with type 1 diabetes should have access to an uninterrupted supply of insulin; lack of access and insulin omissions are major causes of diabetic ketoacidosis. […] Glucagon should be prescribed for all individuals with type 1 diabetes, and caregivers or family members should be instructed regarding administration. […] Annual screening for albuminuria with a random spot urine sample for albumin-to-creatinine ratio should be performed at puberty or at age 10 years or older, whichever is earlier, once the child has had diabetes for 5 years. […] The majority of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes should be treated with intensive insulin regimens, either via multiple daily injections or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. […] All children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes should self-monitor blood glucose levels multiple times daily, including premeal and prebedtime; as needed for safety in specific clinical situations, such as exercise or driving; and for symptoms of hypoglycemia.

• #54 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes) Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] Nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] The child with diabetes needs a sound nutritional program that provides adequate nutrition for normal growth while it maintains the blood glucose at near normal levels. […] The child’s blood glucose levels must be monitored to maintain it within normal limits; determine the blood glucose level at least twice a day, before breakfast and before the evening meal. […] Provide child and family teaching in the management of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The child/ caregiver: […] Learned about and managing hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, insulin administration, and exercise needs for the child.

• #55 Type 1 Diabetes: What Every Caregiver Should Know | AdventHealth for Children

  https://www.adventhealth.com/hospital/adventhealth-children/blog/type-1-diabetes-what-every-caregiver-should-know

  Across the country, an estimated 244,000 American kids and adolescents live with Type 1 diabetes, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. […] As a parent or guardian, teacher, family member, babysitter or caregiver, knowing what to do for low blood sugar can help prevent serious complications and keep a child safe and well. […] If your child or teen is diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes, an endocrinologist can work with your family to develop a treatment plan, including determining the right insulin dosage and other ways to manage your child’s blood sugar. […] Monitoring your child’s blood sugar helps you know when their blood sugar is high (a hyperglycemic episode) and when insulin is needed to bring it back down. […] Keeping a stock of necessary items readily available in a waterproof bag or tote can help ensure you or another caregiver always have what you need if your little one’s blood sugar drops too low.

• #56 3 Ways to Help Manage Your Child’s Type 1 Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/caring/3-ways-help-manage-childs-type-1.html

  Keep the lines of conversation open. Let your child know that you understand diabetes is a lot to handle. Remind them that small choices now can lead to better results later. […] People of any age with diabetes are more likely to have mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety. And sometimes the demands of managing a long-term condition like diabetes can seem like too much. This state is known as diabetes distress or burnout. […] Keep an eye out for any changes in your child’s behavior or trouble sticking to their treatment plan. Those can signal distress or another emotional problem. Get in touch with your child’s health care team, who can connect you with a mental health counselor if needed.

• #57 Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Children

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/health-library/type-1-diabetes-mellitus-in-children

  Parents can help their child by treating them as a normal child, with diabetes management as just one aspect of their daily life. […] If your child is school-age, the principal and school nurse can assist in the development of an appropriate school care plan. […] Many areas have diabetes camps, support groups, and other organizations for children with type 1 diabetes and their families.

• #58 Diabetes – issues for children and teenagers | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/diabetes-issues-for-children-and-teenagers

  A child or teenager newly diagnosed with diabetes may worry about a range of issues. […] Follow the advice of your doctor or other healthcare professional about your child’s diabetes. […] Children with diabetes will need help from parents and loved ones to establish a routine to manage their diabetes. This includes: blood glucose monitoring, injecting insulin, learning how to count carbohydrates, seeing diabetes health professionals regularly, cope with fluctuating blood glucose levels. […] A child or teenager newly diagnosed with diabetes will have a range of reactions and emotions. Common reactions experienced by children and their parents include shock, denial, anger, sadness, fear and guilt. […] Emotional support offered by friends, family and a diabetes healthcare team can be very helpful during this time and can improve the way children or teenagers cope with their diabetes.

• #59 3 Ways to Help Manage Your Child’s Type 1 Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/caring/3-ways-help-manage-childs-type-1.html

  Keep the lines of conversation open. Let your child know that you understand diabetes is a lot to handle. Remind them that small choices now can lead to better results later. […] People of any age with diabetes are more likely to have mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety. And sometimes the demands of managing a long-term condition like diabetes can seem like too much. This state is known as diabetes distress or burnout. […] Keep an eye out for any changes in your child’s behavior or trouble sticking to their treatment plan. Those can signal distress or another emotional problem. Get in touch with your child’s health care team, who can connect you with a mental health counselor if needed.

• #60

  https://drmohans.com/care-of-children-and-adolescents-with-type-1-diabetes/

  Type 1 diabetes is a chronic medical condition that occurs when the pancreas, an organ in the abdomen, produces very little or no insulin. […] Type 1 diabetes requires regular blood sugar monitoring and treatment with insulin. Insulin is vital for the survival of people with Type 1 diabetes. Treatment, lifestyle adjustments, and self-care can control blood sugar levels and minimize the risk of disease-related complications. […] Diabetes education is mandatory in the management of type 1 diabetes in children/ adolescents. […] The management of diabetes in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes must take into account the age and developmental maturity of the child. […] Diabetes management in children and adolescents becomes more effective when the entire family gets involved. […] Thus, the education about how to care for a child and adolescent with diabetes must be provided to the entire family unit, emphasizing age and developmentally appropriate self-care and integrating this into the child’s diabetes management.

• #61

  https://drmohans.com/care-of-children-and-adolescents-with-type-1-diabetes/

  Type 1 diabetes is a chronic medical condition that occurs when the pancreas, an organ in the abdomen, produces very little or no insulin. […] Type 1 diabetes requires regular blood sugar monitoring and treatment with insulin. Insulin is vital for the survival of people with Type 1 diabetes. Treatment, lifestyle adjustments, and self-care can control blood sugar levels and minimize the risk of disease-related complications. […] Diabetes education is mandatory in the management of type 1 diabetes in children/ adolescents. […] The management of diabetes in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes must take into account the age and developmental maturity of the child. […] Diabetes management in children and adolescents becomes more effective when the entire family gets involved. […] Thus, the education about how to care for a child and adolescent with diabetes must be provided to the entire family unit, emphasizing age and developmentally appropriate self-care and integrating this into the child’s diabetes management.

• #62 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes) Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] Nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] The child with diabetes needs a sound nutritional program that provides adequate nutrition for normal growth while it maintains the blood glucose at near normal levels. […] The child’s blood glucose levels must be monitored to maintain it within normal limits; determine the blood glucose level at least twice a day, before breakfast and before the evening meal. […] Provide child and family teaching in the management of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The child/ caregiver: […] Learned about and managing hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, insulin administration, and exercise needs for the child.

• #63

  https://drmohans.com/care-of-children-and-adolescents-with-type-1-diabetes/

  Educating the child with diabetes and his/her about healthy eating habits, exercise, and dosage management of insulin is the most important part of the initial management of the disease. […] Infants and toddlers present unique challenges for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes. […] Most children in this age-group can participate in their self-management by testing blood glucose, helping to keep records, and in some cases counting carbohydrates. […] Children with diabetes can take care of their daily diabetes management tasks, such as insulin injections and blood glucose testing with supervision and support from caring and knowledgeable parents. […] Adolescents can perform the tasks of diabetes management, however, they still need help with decision-making about insulin adjustments. […] Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) using glucose meters has been shown to be associated with improved glycemic control.

• #64 Type 1 Diabetes: Your Child’s Role in Care | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.type-1-diabetes-your-child’s-role-in-care.aa127532

  Children with type 1 diabetes can and should take part in their treatment. As children get older and more experienced with the disease, they can participate more in their treatment. […] Toddlers and preschool-aged children usually can’t do tasks for diabetes care, such as giving insulin or checking blood sugar. But as they get older, they typically can help with these tasks. […] Children in elementary school can help with all tasks required for their care. With supervision, many children can test their blood sugar level. […] Children in middle school should be able to test their own blood sugar level. Some children can give insulin shots as long as this happens with supervision. […] Teens should be able to handle their own care with appropriate supervision. Teens may choose to use an insulin pump instead of shots. If they use a pump, they still need supervision from adults.

• #65 Type 1 Diabetes: Your Child’s Role in Care | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.type-1-diabetes-your-child’s-role-in-care.aa127532

  Children with type 1 diabetes can and should take part in their treatment. As children get older and more experienced with the disease, they can participate more in their treatment. […] Toddlers and preschool-aged children usually can’t do tasks for diabetes care, such as giving insulin or checking blood sugar. But as they get older, they typically can help with these tasks. […] Children in elementary school can help with all tasks required for their care. With supervision, many children can test their blood sugar level. […] Children in middle school should be able to test their own blood sugar level. Some children can give insulin shots as long as this happens with supervision. […] Teens should be able to handle their own care with appropriate supervision. Teens may choose to use an insulin pump instead of shots. If they use a pump, they still need supervision from adults.

• #66

  https://drmohans.com/care-of-children-and-adolescents-with-type-1-diabetes/

  Educating the child with diabetes and his/her about healthy eating habits, exercise, and dosage management of insulin is the most important part of the initial management of the disease. […] Infants and toddlers present unique challenges for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes. […] Most children in this age-group can participate in their self-management by testing blood glucose, helping to keep records, and in some cases counting carbohydrates. […] Children with diabetes can take care of their daily diabetes management tasks, such as insulin injections and blood glucose testing with supervision and support from caring and knowledgeable parents. […] Adolescents can perform the tasks of diabetes management, however, they still need help with decision-making about insulin adjustments. […] Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) using glucose meters has been shown to be associated with improved glycemic control.

• #67 Type 1 Diabetes: Your Child’s Role in Care | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.type-1-diabetes-your-child’s-role-in-care.aa127532

  Children with type 1 diabetes can and should take part in their treatment. As children get older and more experienced with the disease, they can participate more in their treatment. […] Toddlers and preschool-aged children usually can’t do tasks for diabetes care, such as giving insulin or checking blood sugar. But as they get older, they typically can help with these tasks. […] Children in elementary school can help with all tasks required for their care. With supervision, many children can test their blood sugar level. […] Children in middle school should be able to test their own blood sugar level. Some children can give insulin shots as long as this happens with supervision. […] Teens should be able to handle their own care with appropriate supervision. Teens may choose to use an insulin pump instead of shots. If they use a pump, they still need supervision from adults.

• #68

  https://drmohans.com/care-of-children-and-adolescents-with-type-1-diabetes/

  Educating the child with diabetes and his/her about healthy eating habits, exercise, and dosage management of insulin is the most important part of the initial management of the disease. […] Infants and toddlers present unique challenges for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes. […] Most children in this age-group can participate in their self-management by testing blood glucose, helping to keep records, and in some cases counting carbohydrates. […] Children with diabetes can take care of their daily diabetes management tasks, such as insulin injections and blood glucose testing with supervision and support from caring and knowledgeable parents. […] Adolescents can perform the tasks of diabetes management, however, they still need help with decision-making about insulin adjustments. […] Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) using glucose meters has been shown to be associated with improved glycemic control.

• #69 Type 1 Diabetes: Your Child’s Role in Care | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.type-1-diabetes-your-child’s-role-in-care.aa127532

  Children with type 1 diabetes can and should take part in their treatment. As children get older and more experienced with the disease, they can participate more in their treatment. […] Toddlers and preschool-aged children usually can’t do tasks for diabetes care, such as giving insulin or checking blood sugar. But as they get older, they typically can help with these tasks. […] Children in elementary school can help with all tasks required for their care. With supervision, many children can test their blood sugar level. […] Children in middle school should be able to test their own blood sugar level. Some children can give insulin shots as long as this happens with supervision. […] Teens should be able to handle their own care with appropriate supervision. Teens may choose to use an insulin pump instead of shots. If they use a pump, they still need supervision from adults.

• #70

  https://drmohans.com/care-of-children-and-adolescents-with-type-1-diabetes/

  Educating the child with diabetes and his/her about healthy eating habits, exercise, and dosage management of insulin is the most important part of the initial management of the disease. […] Infants and toddlers present unique challenges for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes. […] Most children in this age-group can participate in their self-management by testing blood glucose, helping to keep records, and in some cases counting carbohydrates. […] Children with diabetes can take care of their daily diabetes management tasks, such as insulin injections and blood glucose testing with supervision and support from caring and knowledgeable parents. […] Adolescents can perform the tasks of diabetes management, however, they still need help with decision-making about insulin adjustments. […] Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) using glucose meters has been shown to be associated with improved glycemic control.

• #71 Diabetes at School | Managing type 1 diabetes: What can children do?

  https://diabetesatschool.ca/preparing/managing

  Type 1 diabetes is a lifelong disease that involves a great deal of day-to-day effort. When children with type 1 diabetes are young, their parents will do most of the work for them. As children get older, they can become more involved in their own care. […] When it comes to diabetes care, it is up to parents and children to decide who does what. […] Schools should be prepared to provide support and supervision that matches each child’s needs and abilities. […] All children and youth with type 1 diabetes even those who manage a lot of their own care may: Need help when their blood sugar is too high or too low. […] Its helpful if the students individual care plan is clear about who does each task, and exactly how much support a child needs. […] Children this age need supervision to ensure meals and snacks are eaten. […] Children this age need supervision to ensure meals and snacks are eaten. […] Need reminders and supervision. […] Usually able to do injections or pump boluses, but still need some supervision and review.

• #72 Care and Safety of Schoolchildren with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Parental Perceptions of the School Nurse Role

  https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/7/1228

  Schoolchildren with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) need supervision in the management of their disorder by the school nurse, securing proper care and safety in the school environment. […] The majority (58.8%) noted that their children received some care from a school nurse, less than half (44.6%) declared feeling very safe concerning diabetes care, and 42.5% reported high levels of diabetes management satisfaction. […] The presence of a school nurse was associated with higher academic performance (p < 0.001), significantly fewer absences due to the disorder (p < 0.001) and better diabetes management (p < 0.043). [...] The daily presence of a school nurse in school decreases absenteeism, greatly improves school performance and enhances diabetic management of schoolchildren with T1DM. [...] The school nurse’s presence guarantees the proper management of metabolic control, as well as the safety and also the academic development of students who face special health problems such as T1DM.

• #73 Individual healthcare plan for Type 1 diabetes | HSC Public Health Agency

  https://www.publichealth.hscni.net/publications/individual-healthcare-plan-type-1-diabetes

  This individual healthcare plan is intended to be completed by the Diabetes Specialist Nurse for any child or young person with Type 1 diabetes in a school or Early Years setting. It is recommended that the plan should be discussed and agreed annually between the Specialist Nurse, parent/carer and the school. It provides a summary of day-to-day care, including regular times for blood glucose monitoring and insulin administration, the level of supervision required, special dietary needs and adaptations required when exercising. It also includes action plans for hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia. […] Target group Diabetes Specialist Nurses working with children and young people with Type 1 diabetes.

• #74 Childcare, Camps, and Recreational Programs | American Diabetes Association

  https://diabetes.org/advocacy/know-your-rights/daycare-camps-and-recreational-programs

  Children with diabetes sometimes face problems participating in childcare, camps, and recreational programs such as sports leagues. […] It’s important to understand the legal protections available so you can be an effective advocate for your child. […] A written plan helps everyone involved with your child’s care understand diabetes and their responsibilities. […] The ADA has developed training resources for the school setting that can also be used in the childcare, camp, or recreational program setting. […] Childcare centers, camps, and other recreational programs covered by the ADA and/or Section 504 cannot refuse to admit a child because they have diabetes and may be required to provide services, called accommodations, to a child with diabetes to enable the child to participate in the program.

• #75 Type 1 diabetes in children – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/type-1-diabetes-in-children/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355312

  Everyone needs regular aerobic exercise, and children who have type 1 diabetes are no exception. […] Your child will need regular appointments to ensure good diabetes management. […] Despite your best efforts, sometimes problems will arise. […] Blood sugar can sometimes change unpredictably. […] Your child’s primary care provider will probably make the initial diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. Hospitalization may be needed to stabilize your child’s blood sugar levels. […] Following a diabetes treatment plan requires 24-hour care and significant lifestyle changes. Careful management of type 1 diabetes helps reduce your child’s risk of serious complications. […] You’ll need to work with your child’s day care provider or school nurse and teachers to make sure they know the signs and symptoms of high and low blood sugar levels. […] If managing your child’s diabetes seems overwhelming, take it one day at a time.

• #76 Tips for Managing Diabetes in the Child Care Setting | American Diabetes Association

  https://diabetes.org/advocacy/safe-at-school-state-laws/tips-child-care-setting

  The needs of very young children with diabetes infants, toddlers and pre-schoolers need to be safely met in the child care setting. […] Child care center staff should provide the care prescribed for your child by his or her health care provider including blood sugar monitoring, insulin and glucagon administration, recognition and treatment of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) and meeting nutritional needs outlined in the care plan. […] All child care staff should receive basic diabetes information including training on diabetes emergencies and know who to contact for help. […] At least one staff member should be identified and trained to give your child insulin, glucagon and do blood sugar monitoring. […] Your child should be allowed to participate in their own care as they are able to do so. […] You should be familiar with federal and state laws that protect your child’s right to safely participate in a child care program.

• #77 Tips for Managing Diabetes in the Child Care Setting | American Diabetes Association

  https://diabetes.org/advocacy/safe-at-school-state-laws/tips-child-care-setting

  The needs of very young children with diabetes infants, toddlers and pre-schoolers need to be safely met in the child care setting. […] Child care center staff should provide the care prescribed for your child by his or her health care provider including blood sugar monitoring, insulin and glucagon administration, recognition and treatment of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) and meeting nutritional needs outlined in the care plan. […] All child care staff should receive basic diabetes information including training on diabetes emergencies and know who to contact for help. […] At least one staff member should be identified and trained to give your child insulin, glucagon and do blood sugar monitoring. […] Your child should be allowed to participate in their own care as they are able to do so. […] You should be familiar with federal and state laws that protect your child’s right to safely participate in a child care program.

• #78

  https://www.nasn.org/nasn-resources/resources-by-topic/diabetes

  NASNs Children with Diabetes page contains resources to assist school nurses provide evidence-based quality care to students with type 1 diabetes (T1D). […] School Nursing Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline Students with Type 1 Diabetes […] School Nursing Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guideline: Students with Type 1 Diabetes Toolkit […] Training and support materials that can prepare and educate school staff to provide needed care to students with diabetes.

• #79 Coping with caring for a child with type 1 diabetes | Diabetes UK

  https://www.diabetes.org.uk/living-with-diabetes/life-with-diabetes/children-and-diabetes/caring-for-a-child

  If you’re struggling to keep a balance between your job and looking after your child, speak to your employer as soon as possible. […] Schools have a duty of care to look after any child with a medical condition, and we’ve got loads of practical tools to help you make sure your child is getting the best care possible at school. […] Looking after someone is hard, and it affects everyone differently so make sure you ask for help if you need it. […] If you’ve been feeling stressed or anxious for quite a long time, go and see your GP. They’ll be able to help you figure out what could help.

• #80 Children with Type 1 Diabetes | Health and Human Services North Dakota

  https://www.hhs.nd.gov/public-health-information/diseases-conditions-and-immunization/north-dakota-diabetes-prevention-4-5

  Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults, and was previously known as juvenile diabetes. Only 5% of people with diabetes have this form of the disease. In type 1 diabetes, the body does not produce insulin. Insulin is a hormone that is needed to convert sugar, starches and other food into energy needed for daily life. With the help of insulin therapy and other treatments, even young children can learn to manage their condition and live long, healthy lives. […] Families, health care providers and school nurses, administrators, teachers and other school staff are all committed to ensuring that students with diabetes can learn in a safe environment with the same educational opportunities as students without diabetes. The development of a written accommodations and care plan developed under federal disability laws such as a Section 504 Plan or Individualized Education Program (IEP) is the best way to ensure that your child’s diabetes needs are met.

• #81 Type 1 diabetes in children – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/type-1-diabetes-in-children/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355312

  Everyone needs regular aerobic exercise, and children who have type 1 diabetes are no exception. […] Your child will need regular appointments to ensure good diabetes management. […] Despite your best efforts, sometimes problems will arise. […] Blood sugar can sometimes change unpredictably. […] Your child’s primary care provider will probably make the initial diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. Hospitalization may be needed to stabilize your child’s blood sugar levels. […] Following a diabetes treatment plan requires 24-hour care and significant lifestyle changes. Careful management of type 1 diabetes helps reduce your child’s risk of serious complications. […] You’ll need to work with your child’s day care provider or school nurse and teachers to make sure they know the signs and symptoms of high and low blood sugar levels. […] If managing your child’s diabetes seems overwhelming, take it one day at a time.

• #82 Coping with caring for a child with type 1 diabetes | Diabetes UK

  https://www.diabetes.org.uk/living-with-diabetes/life-with-diabetes/children-and-diabetes/caring-for-a-child

  Caring for your child with type 1 diabetes can have a positive and worthwhile impact on your life, but this doesn’t mean you don’t need support sometimes too. […] You shouldn’t feel guilty admitting that caring for a child with diabetes can put a lot of pressure on you, your relationships and your finances. […] If you’re new to diabetes, there is lots of practical information and support available for free on our Learning Zone. And you can order or download a copy of our guide to type 1 for parents for free to get more advice about caring for a child with type 1 and hear from other parents about their experiences. […] Most people who look after a child with diabetes don’t know anything about it before diagnosis. But your healthcare team is there to help you. Don’t be afraid to ask them questions and ask for support, you need to understand what diabetes is and how to look after it too.

• #83 Diabetes – issues for children and teenagers | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/diabetes-issues-for-children-and-teenagers

  A child or teenager newly diagnosed with diabetes may worry about a range of issues. […] Follow the advice of your doctor or other healthcare professional about your child’s diabetes. […] Children with diabetes will need help from parents and loved ones to establish a routine to manage their diabetes. This includes: blood glucose monitoring, injecting insulin, learning how to count carbohydrates, seeing diabetes health professionals regularly, cope with fluctuating blood glucose levels. […] A child or teenager newly diagnosed with diabetes will have a range of reactions and emotions. Common reactions experienced by children and their parents include shock, denial, anger, sadness, fear and guilt. […] Emotional support offered by friends, family and a diabetes healthcare team can be very helpful during this time and can improve the way children or teenagers cope with their diabetes.

• #84 Coping with caring for a child with type 1 diabetes | Diabetes UK

  https://www.diabetes.org.uk/living-with-diabetes/life-with-diabetes/children-and-diabetes/caring-for-a-child

  Caring for your child with type 1 diabetes can have a positive and worthwhile impact on your life, but this doesn’t mean you don’t need support sometimes too. […] You shouldn’t feel guilty admitting that caring for a child with diabetes can put a lot of pressure on you, your relationships and your finances. […] If you’re new to diabetes, there is lots of practical information and support available for free on our Learning Zone. And you can order or download a copy of our guide to type 1 for parents for free to get more advice about caring for a child with type 1 and hear from other parents about their experiences. […] Most people who look after a child with diabetes don’t know anything about it before diagnosis. But your healthcare team is there to help you. Don’t be afraid to ask them questions and ask for support, you need to understand what diabetes is and how to look after it too.

• #85 3 Ways to Help Manage Your Child’s Type 1 Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/caring/3-ways-help-manage-childs-type-1.html

  Keep the lines of conversation open. Let your child know that you understand diabetes is a lot to handle. Remind them that small choices now can lead to better results later. […] People of any age with diabetes are more likely to have mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety. And sometimes the demands of managing a long-term condition like diabetes can seem like too much. This state is known as diabetes distress or burnout. […] Keep an eye out for any changes in your child’s behavior or trouble sticking to their treatment plan. Those can signal distress or another emotional problem. Get in touch with your child’s health care team, who can connect you with a mental health counselor if needed.

• #86 Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Children

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/health-library/type-1-diabetes-mellitus-in-children

  Parents can help their child by treating them as a normal child, with diabetes management as just one aspect of their daily life. […] If your child is school-age, the principal and school nurse can assist in the development of an appropriate school care plan. […] Many areas have diabetes camps, support groups, and other organizations for children with type 1 diabetes and their families.

• #87 Kids & type 1 – Diabetes Canada

  https://www.diabetes.ca/about-diabetes/kids,-teens-diabetes/kids-type-1

  Programs like D-camps, Diabetes Canada camps for kids with type 1 diabetes, can help your child learn and manage their own diabetes, helping them gain independence. […] The way you talk to your child about diabetes will have a big impact on how they perceive their diabetes and themselves. […] It’s important that other caregivers understand your child’s diabetes and know how to care for them. […] Diabetes Canada is here to help provide information and support so that your child can live a healthy life. […] Your health-care team is there to help you too. […] Learn the essentials on how to live with and manage your child’s diabetes. […] A supportive school environment is important for keeping students with diabetes safe and healthy.

• #88 Coping with caring for a child with type 1 diabetes | Diabetes UK

  https://www.diabetes.org.uk/living-with-diabetes/life-with-diabetes/children-and-diabetes/caring-for-a-child

  It’s okay to feel sad, angry and overwhelmed at the start because you might have to make a lot of lifestyle changes too. […] If your child is having a lot of night-time highs and lows, make sure you speak to your child’s healthcare team about what you can do. They might suggest changing your child’s insulin dose. […] It’s important to still feel like an individual while you’re caring for your child. This can be difficult, especially if you’re having to make big lifestyle changes to manage diabetes. […] Finding people who are also looking after a child with diabetes can really help you cope. They’ll understand, and be able to offer you support when you need it the most. […] Having quality time with your other children is important so you can make sure they feel supported too. […] If you have someone that can look after your child with diabetes, making some time for you and your other children is a really good way of making them feel important.

• #89 Diabetes – issues for children and teenagers | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/diabetes-issues-for-children-and-teenagers

  Many parents and carers are understandably concerned when their child starts or returns to school after being diagnosed with diabetes. However, schools are responsible for your child’s safety, and will ensure that teachers understand diabetes and any potential risks. […] Parents must make sure that the school is given the information and resources they need to support your child’s management of diabetes during school hours. […] Parents of young children with diabetes are usually highly involved in their child’s diabetes management. As children get older, it is important that they develop the skills and confidence to manage their diabetes independently. […] Diabetes Camps Victoria runs camps especially for children and adolescents aged between 4 and 17 years who have been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The goal of the program is to teach young people to manage their diabetes in a fun, safe and supportive environment, and to promote a culture of independence through adventure.

• #90 Managing Blood Sugars When Your Child Has Type 1 Diabetes (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/diabetes-control.html

  Here are some tips: Learn as much as you can about diabetes and your childs care plan. […] Check blood sugar levels often. Make sure your child takes insulin or other diabetes medicines as prescribed. […] Creating healthy habits and routines with your child will help keep their diabetes in check. The effort you put in will help keep your child healthy.

• #91 Type 1 Diabetes: Causes, Symptoms, Complications & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21500-type-1-diabetes

  When your child is first diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes, it can be overwhelming. There’s a lot to learn, and you’ll need to get up to speed quickly on how to manage Type 1 diabetes and incorporate lifestyle changes at home. Caregivers often manage Type 1 diabetes for their children, especially if they’re young. […] Educate friends, family, school administrators and others about Type 1 diabetes and your child’s management needs and what they can do to help. It’s important to reach out for help because while you can (and will) do a lot for your child, you can’t do it all.

• #92 Managing Blood Sugars When Your Child Has Type 1 Diabetes (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/diabetes-control.html

  Here are some tips: Learn as much as you can about diabetes and your childs care plan. […] Check blood sugar levels often. Make sure your child takes insulin or other diabetes medicines as prescribed. […] Creating healthy habits and routines with your child will help keep their diabetes in check. The effort you put in will help keep your child healthy.

• #93 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes) Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] Nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] The child with diabetes needs a sound nutritional program that provides adequate nutrition for normal growth while it maintains the blood glucose at near normal levels. […] The child’s blood glucose levels must be monitored to maintain it within normal limits; determine the blood glucose level at least twice a day, before breakfast and before the evening meal. […] Provide child and family teaching in the management of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The child/ caregiver: […] Learned about and managing hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, insulin administration, and exercise needs for the child.

• #94 Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Diet, Activity

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/919999-treatment

  Goals of glycemic control (regardless of age) is HbA1c of less than 7% for most patients. […] Individualization of the HbA1c goal may be appropriate for certain pediatric patients, such as those with limited ability to articulate hypoglycemia or at risk for severe hypoglycemia (younger children or pre-verbal infants), those with a history of severe hypoglycemia, or those with limited life expectancy. […] A well-organized diabetes care team can provide all necessary instruction and support in an outpatient setting. […] Children should wear some form of medical identification, such as a medical alert bracelet or necklace. […] Where a diabetes care team is available, admission is usually required only for children with DKA. […] Regular outpatient review with a specialized diabetes team improves short- and long-term outcomes.

• #95 Managing Blood Sugars When Your Child Has Type 1 Diabetes (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/diabetes-control.html

  Managing blood sugar means keeping your childs blood sugar in the healthy range not too high and not too low. Your care team may call this „diabetes control.” […] Keeping blood sugars in the healthy range will help your child have more energy and grow well. It will also prevent health problems in the future. […] Lean on your care team for support. Theyll help you boost your skills and confidence in managing your childs diabetes. […] Your care team will talk with you often about them. […] Your care team will teach you about using insulin, and how and when to adjust it. […] Keeping active is terrific for kids with type 1 diabetes. Exercise lowers blood sugars and keeps kids fit. […] At your childs regular diabetes checkups, youll discuss blood sugar results with the care team, and theyll update the care plan as needed.

• #96 Type 1 Diabetes in Children | Juvenile Diabetes | Duke Health

  https://www.dukehealth.org/pediatric-treatments/pediatric-endocrinology/type-1-diabetes-children

  Diabetes educators will explain how to monitor your childs blood sugar, how to give injections, and how to identify symptoms of low and high blood sugar. […] Eating right to maintain healthy blood sugar levels and maintaining a healthy weight are crucial for managing Type 1 diabetes. Duke Childrens diabetes educators and dietitians can teach you and your family about nutrition, exercise, menu planning, and more. […] Regular checkups ensure your child is managing the physical and psychological aspects of living with diabetes. We monitor blood sugar control through a blood test (A1C or glycated hemoglobin test) that measures blood sugar levels over the previous three months. […] Our care team will help you and your child understand and follow treatment guidelines, and incorporate good eating, drinking, and exercise habits into your familys lifestyle. Our care team’s one-on-one support and comprehensive diabetes classes empower your child and you to take control of your childs health.

• #97 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes) Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] Nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] The child with diabetes needs a sound nutritional program that provides adequate nutrition for normal growth while it maintains the blood glucose at near normal levels. […] The child’s blood glucose levels must be monitored to maintain it within normal limits; determine the blood glucose level at least twice a day, before breakfast and before the evening meal. […] Provide child and family teaching in the management of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The child/ caregiver: […] Learned about and managing hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, insulin administration, and exercise needs for the child.

• #98 Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes) Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] Nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] The child with diabetes needs a sound nutritional program that provides adequate nutrition for normal growth while it maintains the blood glucose at near normal levels. […] The child’s blood glucose levels must be monitored to maintain it within normal limits; determine the blood glucose level at least twice a day, before breakfast and before the evening meal. […] Provide child and family teaching in the management of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The child/ caregiver: […] Learned about and managing hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, insulin administration, and exercise needs for the child.

• #99 Treating Type 1 Diabetes (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/treating-type1.html

  Kids with type 1 diabetes need to find the right balance of food, insulin, and exercise to keep their blood sugars in the healthy range. […] Exercise strengthens your childs muscles and bones, helps them feel good, and controls blood sugar levels. In fact, being active makes insulin work better. Kids with type 1 diabetes can and should exercise. […] Following the plan and staying in touch with the care team is the best way to keep your child healthy.

• #100 Help for families newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/diabetes-center-children/help-families-newly-diagnosed-diabetes

  For three days, the Diabetes Center team will provide you with the information and skills you need to safely take care of your child at home. The aim of the DCC is to help you continue doing all the things you used to do before your child was diagnosed. Your child will be able to play sports, go trick-or-treating and attend birthday parties, just like any other child. All you need is a plan. […] This learning resource, created by the Diabetes Center, will guide you through the first year of your childs type 1 diabetes diagnosis. It will help you understand what type 1 diabetes is, how it affects your child, and how you and your child can manage type 1 diabetes with confidence in the hospital and after you go home. […] From help at school to telling friends to knowing when your child needs help, we’ve put together a list of strategies to help you and your family live well with type 1 diabetes. Some people may require additional support to help cope with diabetes. This is normal. If you or your child is struggling, let your team know. […] When a child is diagnosed with diabetes, the entire family is affected. Here are some tips that are helpful as everyone adjusts to a new normal of life with diabetes.

• #101 Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Children

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/health-library/type-1-diabetes-mellitus-in-children

  Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a long-term (chronic) condition in which blood glucose levels are abnormally high. It may start at any age. […] Children with type 1 diabetes must have daily insulin shots to keep blood glucose levels within normal ranges. […] With daily insulin injections and other management activities, children with type 1 diabetes can lead active, healthy lives. […] Treatment will also include: Eating the right foods to manage blood glucose levels. This includes timing meals and counting carbohydrates. […] Regular blood testing to check blood-glucose levels. Your child may use a continuous glucose monitor. […] Your child’s healthcare provider will tell you how to prevent these problems. […] A type 1 diabetes diagnosis can be stressful for a child and their family.

• #102 Treating Type 1 Diabetes (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/treating-type1.html

  Kids with type 1 diabetes need to find the right balance of food, insulin, and exercise to keep their blood sugars in the healthy range. […] Exercise strengthens your childs muscles and bones, helps them feel good, and controls blood sugar levels. In fact, being active makes insulin work better. Kids with type 1 diabetes can and should exercise. […] Following the plan and staying in touch with the care team is the best way to keep your child healthy.

• #103 Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Nursing Care Management and Study Guide – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/diabetes-mellitus-type-1-juvenile-diabetes/

  Most pediatric patients with diabetes have type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and a lifetime dependence on exogenous insulin. […] Type 1 diabetes is typically diagnosed in children, adolescents, and young adults, and it requires lifelong insulin therapy for proper blood sugar management. […] Nursing care for a patient with diabetes mellitus type 1 includes the following: […] Nursing assessment for patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 involves: […] Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] The major nursing care planning goals for diabetes mellitus type 1 include: […] Nursing interventions for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] Documentation in a child with diabetes mellitus type 1 includes:

• #104 Diabetes

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Diabetes_/

  While your child is in hospital, they will begin to have diabetes education, which can then be finished as an outpatient after they are discharged from hospital. […] The goal of diabetes education is to provide the information and support you and your child need to be comfortable and confident with managing the diabetes in day-to-day life. […] You will be given a Diabetes Action Plan (for what to do in an emergency) and a Diabetes Management Plan (for daily management and what to do when there is a problem) for your child. […] Your child will have an appointment with an endocrinologist, diabetes nurse educator and diabetes dietitian a few weeks after their diagnosis. Following this appointment, diabetes care involves an outpatient appointment every three to four months with the endocrinologist.

• #105 Individual healthcare plan for Type 1 diabetes | HSC Public Health Agency

  https://www.publichealth.hscni.net/publications/individual-healthcare-plan-type-1-diabetes

  This individual healthcare plan is intended to be completed by the Diabetes Specialist Nurse for any child or young person with Type 1 diabetes in a school or Early Years setting. It is recommended that the plan should be discussed and agreed annually between the Specialist Nurse, parent/carer and the school. It provides a summary of day-to-day care, including regular times for blood glucose monitoring and insulin administration, the level of supervision required, special dietary needs and adaptations required when exercising. It also includes action plans for hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia. […] Target group Diabetes Specialist Nurses working with children and young people with Type 1 diabetes.

• #106 Nursing Care Plan For Juvenile Diabetes – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-juvenile-diabetes/

  In conclusion, the nursing care plan for juvenile diabetes, also known as Type 1 Diabetes, plays a pivotal role in ensuring that children and adolescents with this chronic condition receive comprehensive care, education, and support to lead healthy and fulfilling lives. […] The care plan outlined above underscores the importance of empowering young patients and their families with the knowledge and skills needed to effectively manage diabetes. Through diabetes education, insulin management, blood glucose monitoring, and psychosocial support, nurses contribute significantly to improving glycemic control and reducing the risk of complications. […] Nursing care plans for juvenile diabetes go beyond the clinical aspect of care; they address the emotional and psychosocial needs of young patients and their families. By offering support, resources, and a compassionate approach, nurses help children and adolescents with diabetes build resilience, confidence, and the skills to manage their health effectively.

• #107 Nursing Care Plan For Juvenile Diabetes – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-juvenile-diabetes/

  In conclusion, the nursing care plan for juvenile diabetes, also known as Type 1 Diabetes, plays a pivotal role in ensuring that children and adolescents with this chronic condition receive comprehensive care, education, and support to lead healthy and fulfilling lives. […] The care plan outlined above underscores the importance of empowering young patients and their families with the knowledge and skills needed to effectively manage diabetes. Through diabetes education, insulin management, blood glucose monitoring, and psychosocial support, nurses contribute significantly to improving glycemic control and reducing the risk of complications. […] Nursing care plans for juvenile diabetes go beyond the clinical aspect of care; they address the emotional and psychosocial needs of young patients and their families. By offering support, resources, and a compassionate approach, nurses help children and adolescents with diabetes build resilience, confidence, and the skills to manage their health effectively.

• #108 Nursing Care Plan For Juvenile Diabetes – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-juvenile-diabetes/

  In conclusion, the nursing care plan for juvenile diabetes, also known as Type 1 Diabetes, plays a pivotal role in ensuring that children and adolescents with this chronic condition receive comprehensive care, education, and support to lead healthy and fulfilling lives. […] The care plan outlined above underscores the importance of empowering young patients and their families with the knowledge and skills needed to effectively manage diabetes. Through diabetes education, insulin management, blood glucose monitoring, and psychosocial support, nurses contribute significantly to improving glycemic control and reducing the risk of complications. […] Nursing care plans for juvenile diabetes go beyond the clinical aspect of care; they address the emotional and psychosocial needs of young patients and their families. By offering support, resources, and a compassionate approach, nurses help children and adolescents with diabetes build resilience, confidence, and the skills to manage their health effectively.

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