Zespół trisomii x

Zespół trisomii x
Objawy

Zespół trisomii X (47,XXX) to genetyczne zaburzenie występujące u około 1 na 1000 dziewcząt, charakteryzujące się obecnością dodatkowego chromosomu X. Klinicznie objawia się przede wszystkim ponadprzeciętnym wzrostem, hipotonią, opóźnieniami rozwoju mowy i motoryki oraz cechami dysmorficznymi, takimi jak hiperteloryzm, fałdy nakątne czy klinodaktylia. Większość pacjentek ma prawidłowy rozwój płciowy i zdolność reprodukcyjną, choć u części obserwuje się przedwczesną niewydolność jajników. W zakresie funkcji poznawczych notuje się średni spadek IQ o 10-20 punktów, z dominującymi trudnościami w sferze werbalnej, dysleksją i zaburzeniami przetwarzania słuchowego. Zaburzenia behawioralne, takie jak ADHD (występujące u około 52% pacjentek), lęk, depresja oraz cechy spektrum autyzmu, są powszechne i mogą wpływać na funkcjonowanie społeczne. Dodatkowo, około 10% pacjentek doświadcza napadów padaczkowych i nieprawidłowości nerek, a w około 0,8% występują wady wrodzone serca.

Objawy Zespołu trisomii X

Cechy fizyczne
Problemy rozwojowe i poznawcze
Problemy behawioralne i emocjonalne
Rzadsze problemy medyczne

Progresja Zespołu trisomii X

Rozwój objawów w różnych okresach życia
Wpływ na jakość życia i funkcjonowanie
Czynniki wpływające na przebieg choroby
Kolejne rozdziały

Objawy Zespołu trisomii X

Zespół trisomii X (znany również jako zespół XXX, trisomia X lub 47,XXX) jest zaburzeniem genetycznym występującym wyłącznie u kobiet, charakteryzującym się obecnością dodatkowego chromosomu X. Dotyka około 1 na 1000 dziewcząt. Nasilenie objawów może znacznie się różnić – od całkowitego braku objawów do widocznych manifestacji klinicznych.¹²³

Warto podkreślić, że wiele dziewcząt i kobiet z zespołem trisomii X nie doświadcza żadnych objawów lub wykazuje jedynie łagodne symptomy. Szacuje się, że tylko około 10% osób z trisomią X zostaje zdiagnozowanych, co sugeruje, że większość przypadków pozostaje niewykryta z powodu braku lub niewielkiego nasilenia objawów.⁴⁵⁶

Cechy fizyczne

Najbardziej charakterystyczną cechą fizyczną zespołu trisomii X jest ponadprzeciętny wzrost. Dziewczęta z tym zespołem często są wyższe niż ich rówieśniczki, zwykle mają bardzo długie nogi.⁷⁸⁹ Przyspieszone tempo wzrostu jest widoczne szczególnie w wieku dziecięcym do okresu dojrzewania.¹⁰

Inne cechy fizyczne, które mogą występować u osób z zespołem trisomii X, obejmują:

Hipotonię (obniżone napięcie mięśniowe), co może skutkować opóźnionym rozwojem umiejętności motorycznych¹¹¹²
Hiperteloryzm (szeroko rozstawione oczy)¹³¹⁴
Fałdy nakątne (pionowe fałdy skóry przykrywające wewnętrzne kąciki oczu)¹⁵¹⁶
Klinodaktylię (zakrzywione palce małe u rąk)¹⁷¹⁸
Płaskostopie¹⁹²⁰
Klatka piersiowa szewska (mostka z wklęsłym kształtem do wewnątrz)²¹²²
Mniejszy obwód głowy (często poniżej 50 percentyla)²³²⁴

Większość kobiet z zespołem trisomii X ma prawidłowy rozwój płciowy i zdolność do zajścia w ciążę.²⁵²⁶ Jednak u niektórych mogą wystąpić nieprawidłowości w rozwoju jajników i macicy, opóźnione lub przedwczesne dojrzewanie oraz problemy z płodnością.²⁷²⁸

Problemy rozwojowe i poznawcze

U dziewcząt z zespołem trisomii X często obserwuje się opóźnienia rozwojowe, szczególnie w zakresie rozwoju mowy i języka oraz umiejętności motorycznych.²⁹³⁰ Opóźnienia te mogą obejmować:

Opóźnione osiąganie kamieni milowych rozwoju, takich jak siadanie i chodzenie³¹³²
Opóźniony rozwój mowy i języka³³³⁴
Problemy z rozumieniem i przetwarzaniem słów mówionych³⁵³⁶
Problemy z koordynacją³⁷³⁸

Badania wykazały, że dziewczęta i kobiety z zespołem trisomii X mogą mieć niższy iloraz inteligencji, średnio o 10-20 punktów w porównaniu do rodzeństwa czy grupy kontrolnej.³⁹⁴⁰ Poziom werbalnego IQ jest zwykle niższy niż wykonawczego.⁴¹⁴²

Trudności w nauce są powszechne i mogą obejmować:

Dysleksję⁴³⁴⁴
Trudności z czytaniem i rozumieniem tekstu⁴⁵⁴⁶
Problemy z matematyką⁴⁷⁴⁸
Zaburzenia przetwarzania słuchowego⁴⁹⁵⁰
Problemy z pamięcią krótkotrwałą i przypominaniem⁵¹⁵²
Trudności z oceną sytuacji i przetwarzaniem informacji⁵³⁵⁴

Warto zaznaczyć, że mimo tych trudności, większość osób z zespołem trisomii X mieści się w granicach normy intelektualnej, a niepełnosprawność intelektualna występuje rzadko (u około 5-10% osób w porównaniu do 1% w populacji ogólnej).⁵⁵⁵⁶

Problemy behawioralne i emocjonalne

Dziewczęta i kobiety z zespołem trisomii X są bardziej narażone na różne problemy behawioralne i emocjonalne.⁵⁷⁵⁸ Do najczęściej występujących należą:

Zaburzenia lękowe⁵⁹⁶⁰
Depresja⁶¹⁶²
ADHD (zespół nadpobudliwości psychoruchowej z deficytem uwagi)⁶³⁶⁴
Objawy spektrum autyzmu⁶⁵⁶⁶
Niska samoocena⁶⁷⁶⁸
Niedojrzałość emocjonalna⁶⁹⁷⁰
Trudności w nawiązywaniu stabilnych relacji międzyludzkich⁷¹⁷²

Badania wykazały, że około 52% dziewcząt z zespołem trisomii X spełnia kryteria diagnostyczne ADHD.⁷³⁷⁴ Obserwuje się również wyższy wskaźnik lęku, gorzej rozwiniętych umiejętności społecznych i wyższe wskaźniki autyzmu w porównaniu do populacji ogólnej.⁷⁵⁷⁶

Kobiety z zespołem trisomii X mogą mieć trudności z rozpoznawaniem emocji, szczególnie smutku, strachu i obrzydzenia, co może przyczyniać się do problemów w funkcjonowaniu społecznym.⁷⁷⁷⁸ Badania sugerują również, że dorosłe kobiety z tym zespołem częściej cierpią na cyklotymię i chwiejne cechy osobowości.⁷⁹⁸⁰

Rzadsze problemy medyczne

U niewielkiego odsetka dziewcząt i kobiet z zespołem trisomii X mogą wystąpić poważniejsze problemy zdrowotne:⁸¹⁸²

Napady padaczkowe (występują u około 10% osób)⁸³⁸⁴
Nieprawidłowości nerek (również u około 10% osób)⁸⁵⁸⁶
Przedwczesna niewydolność jajników⁸⁷⁸⁸
Wady wrodzone serca (występują u około 0,8% osób, co jest zbliżone do częstości w populacji ogólnej)⁸⁹⁹⁰
Częste infekcje dróg moczowych⁹¹⁹²
Bóle brzucha i zaparcia⁹³⁹⁴
Choroby autoimmunologiczne, takie jak niedoczynność tarczycy, toczeń czy reumatoidalne zapalenie stawów⁹⁵⁹⁶

Zaburzenia EEG (elektroencefalogram) wydają się być stosunkowo częste u osób z zespołem trisomii X.⁹⁷⁹⁸ Badania MRI mózgu pokazują zmniejszoną objętość mózgu.⁹⁹¹⁰⁰

Progresja Zespołu trisomii X

Przebieg zespołu trisomii X może się znacznie różnić w zależności od osoby. Ważne jest zrozumienie, jak objawy mogą ewoluować w różnych okresach życia oraz jaka jest długoterminowa prognoza dla osób z tym zaburzeniem.¹⁰¹¹⁰²

Rozwój objawów w różnych okresach życia

Objawy zespołu trisomii X mogą zmieniać się wraz z wiekiem, a niektóre problemy mogą stać się bardziej widoczne w określonych etapach życia:¹⁰³¹⁰⁴

Okres niemowlęcy i wczesne dzieciństwo:

Przy urodzeniu dziewczynki z zespołem trisomii X mogą mieć niższą masę urodzeniową i mniejszy obwód głowy¹⁰⁵¹⁰⁶
Hipotonia (obniżone napięcie mięśniowe) może być widoczna już w okresie niemowlęcym¹⁰⁷¹⁰⁸
Opóźnienia w osiąganiu kamieni milowych rozwoju motorycznego, takich jak siedzenie i chodzenie¹⁰⁹¹¹⁰
Opóźniony rozwój mowy – wczesne interwencje logopedyczne powinny być rozważone około 15. miesiąca życia, jeśli opóźnienie mowy jest widoczne¹¹¹¹¹²

Wiek szkolny:

Przyspieszone tempo wzrostu do około 8. roku życia¹¹³¹¹⁴
Trudności w nauce stają się bardziej widoczne, szczególnie problemy z czytaniem i matematyką¹¹⁵¹¹⁶
Problemy z zachowaniem i emocjami mogą się nasilać¹¹⁷¹¹⁸
Interwencje edukacyjne powinny być wprowadzone w pierwszej klasie szkoły podstawowej dla problemów z czytaniem i nauką¹¹⁹¹²⁰
Lęk i depresja mogą pojawić się około trzeciej klasy szkoły podstawowej¹²¹¹²²

Okres dojrzewania:

W okresie dojrzewania mogą wystąpić skolioza i inne zaburzenia kręgosłupa¹²³¹²⁴
Dziewczęta z trisomią X mają zazwyczaj wcześniejszy skok wzrostu i nieco niższą masę ciała w stosunku do wzrostu¹²⁵
U większości dojrzewanie płciowe przebiega prawidłowo, chociaż u niektórych może być opóźnione lub przedwczesne¹²⁶¹²⁷
Problemy społeczne i behawioralne mogą się utrzymywać lub nasilać¹²⁸

Dorosłość:

Wiele kobiet z zespołem trisomii X doświadcza poprawy jakości życia po zakończeniu edukacji szkolnej¹²⁹¹³⁰
Większość osiąga niezależność, kontynuuje edukację, podejmuje pracę lub zajmuje się prowadzeniem domu¹³¹
Przedwczesna niewydolność jajników wydaje się być częstsza niż w populacji ogólnej¹³²¹³³
Większość kobiet z zespołem trisomii X ma prawidłowy rozwój płciowy i może mieć dzieci¹³⁴¹³⁵
Zaburzenia psychotyczne wydają się występować częściej niż w populacji kontrolnej¹³⁶¹³⁷
Większość zaburzeń psychotycznych dobrze reaguje na leczenie lekami psychotropowymi¹³⁸

Wpływ na jakość życia i funkcjonowanie

Zespół trisomii X może mieć różnorodny wpływ na jakość życia osób dotkniętych tym zaburzeniem:¹³⁹¹⁴⁰

Problemy w szkole, pracy oraz w relacjach społecznych i związkach¹⁴¹¹⁴²
Niska samoocena¹⁴³¹⁴⁴
Potrzeba dodatkowego wsparcia lub pomocy w nauce, codziennych czynnościach, w szkole lub pracy¹⁴⁵¹⁴⁶
Zwiększone ryzyko izolacji społecznej, szczególnie w obliczu stresorów środowiskowych¹⁴⁷

Mimo tych wyzwań, większość dziewcząt i kobiet z zespołem trisomii X prowadzi normalne, zdrowe i produktywne życie, szczególnie przy odpowiedniej opiece medycznej, wczesnej interwencji i ciągłym wsparciu.¹⁴⁸¹⁴⁹ Stan zdrowia fizycznego jest zazwyczaj dobry, a wiele kobiet z zespołem trisomii X dożywa późnej starości.¹⁵⁰¹⁵¹

Czynniki wpływające na przebieg choroby

Istnieje kilka czynników, które mogą wpływać na przebieg i nasilenie objawów zespołu trisomii X:¹⁵²¹⁵³

Mozaicyzm: W mozaikowej formie zespołu trisomii X tylko określona liczba komórek ciała ma dodatkowy chromosom X. Nasilenie objawów zależy częściowo od tego, ile komórek ciała ma dodatkowy chromosom X.¹⁵⁴¹⁵⁵
Wczesna diagnoza i interwencja: Kobiety z zespołem trisomii X, które zostały zdiagnozowane prenatalnie, mają jako grupa lepsze wyniki niż te, które zostały zdiagnozowane po urodzeniu.¹⁵⁶ Wczesne wykrycie i wczesna interwencja mogą znacząco poprawić objawy.¹⁵⁷¹⁵⁸
Wsparcie środowiskowe: Wspierające i stymulujące środowisko zapewniające stymulację psychologiczną, społeczną i motoryczną jest korzystne.¹⁵⁹ Czułość na stresujące sytuacje życiowe może wpływać na adaptację psychospołeczną.¹⁶⁰
Dostęp do terapii i wsparcia: Dostęp do terapii mowy i języka, terapii zajęciowej, fizjoterapii i innych form wsparcia może znacząco wpłynąć na rozwój i funkcjonowanie.¹⁶¹¹⁶²

Okres życia	Typowe objawy	Zalecane interwencje
Niemowlęctwo (0-1 rok)	Hipotonia, opóźniony rozwój motoryczny, niższa masa urodzeniowa	Fizjoterapia, regularne monitorowanie rozwoju
Wczesne dzieciństwo (1-5 lat)	Opóźnienia mowy i języka, przyspieszone tempo wzrostu	Terapia logopedyczna (od ok. 15 miesiąca życia), wsparcie rozwoju motorycznego
Wiek szkolny (6-12 lat)	Trudności w nauce, problemy z czytaniem i matematyką, możliwe problemy behawioralne	Wsparcie edukacyjne, terapia poznawcza, wsparcie psychologiczne (od ok. 3 klasy)
Okres dojrzewania (13-18 lat)	Możliwe problemy społeczne, skolioza, wcześniejszy skok wzrostu	Wsparcie psychologiczne, monitorowanie rozwoju płciowego, terapia behawioralna
Dorosłość (powyżej 18 lat)	Możliwa przedwczesna niewydolność jajników, ryzyko zaburzeń psychicznych	Monitorowanie funkcji hormonalnych, wsparcie w niezależnym funkcjonowaniu

Przebieg zespołu trisomii X jest zasadniczo dobry, z osiągnięciem niezależności w dorosłości, choć czasem z opóźnieniem.¹⁶³ Oczekiwana długość życia nie różni się od populacji ogólnej, a zespół trisomii X nie ma istotnego wpływu na przewidywaną długość życia.¹⁶⁴¹⁶⁵

Warto podkreślić, że badania specjalistów wykazują, że wczesna interwencja i wsparcie mogą znacząco poprawić rokowanie. Dziewczęta, które otrzymują odpowiednią pomoc we wczesnym okresie życia, mogą osiągać takie same wyniki jak dziewczęta bez tego zaburzenia.¹⁶⁶¹⁶⁷

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Materiały źródłowe

#1 Triple X syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20350977
Many girls and women with triple X syndrome don’t experience symptoms or have only mild symptoms. […] In others, symptoms may be more apparent possibly including developmental delays and learning disabilities. Seizures and kidney problems occur in a small number of girls and women with triple X syndrome. […] Signs and symptoms can vary greatly among girls and women with triple X syndrome. Many experience no noticeable effects or have only mild symptoms. […] Being taller than average height is the most typical physical feature. Most females with triple X syndrome experience normal sexual development and have the ability to become pregnant. Some girls and women with triple X syndrome have intelligence in the normal range, but possibly slightly lower when compared with siblings. Others may have intellectual disabilities and sometimes may have behavioral problems.
#2 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Triple X syndrome is a genetic condition found in females only. About 1 in 1,000 girls have it. […] Girls with triple X syndrome also known as XXX syndrome, trisomy X, and 47,XXX might be taller than other girls. Other symptoms can include problems with spoken language and processing spoken words, coordination problems, and weaker muscles. […] Noticeable signs and symptoms of triple X syndrome can vary greatly. Some girls have no obvious signs, while others have mild ones. Occasionally, the disorder causes significant problems. […] Girls with triple X syndrome can have some or all of these physical signs to some degree: taller than average height (usually, very long legs), low muscle tone, or muscle weakness (called hypotonia), very curved pinky finger (called clinodactyly), widely spaced eyes (called hypertelorism).
#3 Trisomy X: MedlinePlus GeneticsLock
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/trisomy-x/
Trisomy X, also called triple X syndrome or 47,XXX, is characterized by the presence of an additional X chromosome in each of a female’s cells. […] Trisomy X is associated with an increased risk of learning disabilities and delayed development of speech and language skills. Delayed development of motor skills (such as sitting and walking), weak muscle tone (hypotonia), and behavioral and emotional difficulties are also possible, but these characteristics vary widely. Seizures or kidney abnormalities occur in about 10 percent of affected females.
#4 Triple X Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More
https://www.healthline.com/health/triple-x-syndrome
Some girls and women with triple X syndrome show no symptoms at all, causing the disorder to go undiagnosed. In fact, its estimated that only 10 percent of females affected are ever diagnosed. […] If symptoms do occur, they commonly include physical abnormalities like: a smaller-than-average head, being taller than average (with especially long legs), poor muscle tone. […] Without strong and developed muscles, babies with triple X may be slow to walk. As they grow older, they may be clumsier than girls without the syndrome. Although its rare, some females with triple X may have kidney problems, seizures, and heart problems. […] Speech and language delays are other symptoms of triple X. Many with triple X have learning disabilities, involving reading and difficulty with speech and language. A review of studies found some evidence that girls with triple X may have an IQ about 20 points lower than girls without the disorder.
#5 Triple X Syndrome: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17892-triple-x-syndrome
Triple X syndrome is a genetic condition where a person is born with an extra X chromosome. This condition only happens in females. Many people with triple X syndrome may have no symptoms and may not know they have the condition, or their symptoms could include being unusually tall and fertility issues. […] If you have trisomy X, you may not notice any symptoms. Or you might be taller than your peers. You might have difficulty getting pregnant or have early menopause, but many people with this condition dont. […] Theres a lot of variation among people with triple X syndrome. You may not experience any symptoms, or your symptoms might be so mild that you dont notice them. Or you may have certain physical characteristics or neurological (brain-related) or medical conditions associated with triple X syndrome.
#6 Triple X Syndrome Management Market Size & Demand 2023-2033
https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/reports/triple-x-syndrome-management-market
Triple X Syndrome is an uncommon genetic ailment distinguished by chromosomal abnormalities. It affects an estimated one in every 1000 females. An individual who has triple X syndrome has three X chromosomes. These deformities in females cause serious developmental problems in the body and can significantly affect one’s learning abilities. The symptoms and indications of this syndrome differ slightly between girls and women. Broadly spaced eyes, an abnormally shaped breastbone, epilepsy, premature ovarian dysfunction or ovary deformities, disturbances in kidney growth, and other developmental disabilities are the most common signs. […] As some people are only mildly influenced or asymptomatic, it is approximated that only 10% of people with trisomy X are identified. […] Counseling is the most effective treatment for these symptoms, curing them in approximately 47% of cases. The rising prevalence of triple X syndrome-related instances in females is the primary driver of the triple X syndrome management market.
#7 Triple X syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20350977
Many girls and women with triple X syndrome don’t experience symptoms or have only mild symptoms. […] In others, symptoms may be more apparent possibly including developmental delays and learning disabilities. Seizures and kidney problems occur in a small number of girls and women with triple X syndrome. […] Signs and symptoms can vary greatly among girls and women with triple X syndrome. Many experience no noticeable effects or have only mild symptoms. […] Being taller than average height is the most typical physical feature. Most females with triple X syndrome experience normal sexual development and have the ability to become pregnant. Some girls and women with triple X syndrome have intelligence in the normal range, but possibly slightly lower when compared with siblings. Others may have intellectual disabilities and sometimes may have behavioral problems.
#8 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Triple X syndrome is a genetic condition found in females only. About 1 in 1,000 girls have it. […] Girls with triple X syndrome also known as XXX syndrome, trisomy X, and 47,XXX might be taller than other girls. Other symptoms can include problems with spoken language and processing spoken words, coordination problems, and weaker muscles. […] Noticeable signs and symptoms of triple X syndrome can vary greatly. Some girls have no obvious signs, while others have mild ones. Occasionally, the disorder causes significant problems. […] Girls with triple X syndrome can have some or all of these physical signs to some degree: taller than average height (usually, very long legs), low muscle tone, or muscle weakness (called hypotonia), very curved pinky finger (called clinodactyly), widely spaced eyes (called hypertelorism).
#9 Trisomy X – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trisomy_X
Tall stature, skeletal anomalies, minor neurocognitive and behavioural difficulties […] Those who have symptoms can have learning disabilities, mild dysmorphic features such as hypertelorism (wide-spaced eyes) and clinodactyly (incurved little fingers), early menopause, and increased height. […] Symptoms associated with trisomy X include tall stature, mild developmental delay, subtle physical and skeletal anomalies, increased rates of mental health concerns, and earlier age of menopause. […] The physical and physiological impacts of trisomy X tend to be subtle. […] Minor skeletal and craniofacial anomalies are associated with trisomy X. […] Severe internal disease is rare in trisomy X. […] Puberty starts around the expected age and progresses as normal. […] General cognitive functioning is reduced in trisomy X, with an average intelligence quotient of 85-90.
#10 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2987225/
Psychotic illness seems to be more prevalent in triple X adult women than in controls. […] Triple X adults suffer more frequently from cyclothymic and labile personality traits. […] The youngest girls show accelerated growth until puberty. […] After leaving school they seem to feel better. […] The physical phenotype shows earlier growth and longer legs. […] The behavioural phenotype often shows auditory processing disorders, disorders in language development and problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] Psychiatric disorders seem to be more common in triple X syndrome. […] Quality of life seems to increase after leaving school. […] The girls showed short-term memory and recall problems. […] Their behaviour was more masculine and more impulsive in several cases.
#11 Triple X syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20350977
Occasionally, significant symptoms may occur, which vary among individuals. These signs and symptoms may show up as: […] Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking […] Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math […] Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder […] Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression […] Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: […] Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds) […] Widely spaced eyes […] Curved pinky fingers […] Flat feet […] Breastbone with an inward bowed shape […] Weak muscle tone (hypotonia) […] Seizures […] Problems with the kidneys […] Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure).
#12 Triple X Syndrome: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17892-triple-x-syndrome
Many people with triple X are taller than their peers. Theyre also often taller than pediatricians predicted based on their parents heights. Other, more subtle physical attributes include: Wide-spaced eyes (hypertelorism). Vertical skin folds that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds). Curved or bent little fingers (clinodactyly). Poor muscle tone (hypotonia). […] Some people with triple X syndrome have developmental delays or mental health conditions. These may include: Developmental delays. Learning disabilities. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Mood disorders like anxiety and depression. Mild cognitive impairment. […] Rarely, some people with triple X syndrome may develop: Autoimmune conditions. Differences in heart structure. Frequent urinary tract infections. Genito-urinary deformities or malfunctions. Kidney abnormalities. Premature ovarian aging or failure. Seizures.
#13 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Triple X syndrome is a genetic condition found in females only. About 1 in 1,000 girls have it. […] Girls with triple X syndrome also known as XXX syndrome, trisomy X, and 47,XXX might be taller than other girls. Other symptoms can include problems with spoken language and processing spoken words, coordination problems, and weaker muscles. […] Noticeable signs and symptoms of triple X syndrome can vary greatly. Some girls have no obvious signs, while others have mild ones. Occasionally, the disorder causes significant problems. […] Girls with triple X syndrome can have some or all of these physical signs to some degree: taller than average height (usually, very long legs), low muscle tone, or muscle weakness (called hypotonia), very curved pinky finger (called clinodactyly), widely spaced eyes (called hypertelorism).
#14 Trisomy X – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trisomy_X
Tall stature, skeletal anomalies, minor neurocognitive and behavioural difficulties […] Those who have symptoms can have learning disabilities, mild dysmorphic features such as hypertelorism (wide-spaced eyes) and clinodactyly (incurved little fingers), early menopause, and increased height. […] Symptoms associated with trisomy X include tall stature, mild developmental delay, subtle physical and skeletal anomalies, increased rates of mental health concerns, and earlier age of menopause. […] The physical and physiological impacts of trisomy X tend to be subtle. […] Minor skeletal and craniofacial anomalies are associated with trisomy X. […] Severe internal disease is rare in trisomy X. […] Puberty starts around the expected age and progresses as normal. […] General cognitive functioning is reduced in trisomy X, with an average intelligence quotient of 85-90.
#15 Triple X syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20350977
Occasionally, significant symptoms may occur, which vary among individuals. These signs and symptoms may show up as: […] Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking […] Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math […] Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder […] Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression […] Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: […] Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds) […] Widely spaced eyes […] Curved pinky fingers […] Flat feet […] Breastbone with an inward bowed shape […] Weak muscle tone (hypotonia) […] Seizures […] Problems with the kidneys […] Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure).
#16
https://www.amerikanhastanesi.org/mayo-clinic-care-network/mayo-clinic-health-information-library/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome
Occasionally, significant symptoms may occur, which vary among individuals. These signs and symptoms may show up as: […] Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking […] Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math […] Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder […] Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression […] Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: […] Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds) […] Widely spaced eyes […] Curved pinky fingers
#17 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Triple X syndrome is a genetic condition found in females only. About 1 in 1,000 girls have it. […] Girls with triple X syndrome also known as XXX syndrome, trisomy X, and 47,XXX might be taller than other girls. Other symptoms can include problems with spoken language and processing spoken words, coordination problems, and weaker muscles. […] Noticeable signs and symptoms of triple X syndrome can vary greatly. Some girls have no obvious signs, while others have mild ones. Occasionally, the disorder causes significant problems. […] Girls with triple X syndrome can have some or all of these physical signs to some degree: taller than average height (usually, very long legs), low muscle tone, or muscle weakness (called hypotonia), very curved pinky finger (called clinodactyly), widely spaced eyes (called hypertelorism).
#18
https://www.amerikanhastanesi.org/mayo-clinic-care-network/mayo-clinic-health-information-library/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome
Occasionally, significant symptoms may occur, which vary among individuals. These signs and symptoms may show up as: […] Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking […] Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math […] Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder […] Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression […] Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: […] Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds) […] Widely spaced eyes […] Curved pinky fingers
#19 Triple X syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20350977
Occasionally, significant symptoms may occur, which vary among individuals. These signs and symptoms may show up as: […] Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking […] Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math […] Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder […] Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression […] Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: […] Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds) […] Widely spaced eyes […] Curved pinky fingers […] Flat feet […] Breastbone with an inward bowed shape […] Weak muscle tone (hypotonia) […] Seizures […] Problems with the kidneys […] Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure).
#20
https://www.amerikanhastanesi.org/mayo-clinic-care-network/mayo-clinic-health-information-library/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome
Flat feet […] Breastbone with an inward bowed shape […] Weak muscle tone (hypotonia) […] Seizures […] Problems with the kidneys […] Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure). […] Although some females may have mild or no symptoms associated with triple X syndrome, others experience developmental, psychological and behavioral problems that may lead to a variety of other issues, including: […] Work, school, social and relationship problems […] Poor self-esteem […] Need for additional support or assistance with learning, activities of daily living, school or work.
#21 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Girls with triple X syndrome also may have delayed development of their social, language, and learning skills. They also can have problems with reading and understanding math, and may have mild delays with coordination. […] Girls with triple X syndrome may develop anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These problems might ease as they get older and reach adulthood. Otherwise, treatment can help manage them. […] Less often, girls might have abnormal development of the ovaries and/or uterus, a delayed or early onset of puberty, and problems with fertility. Rarely, a girl may develop kidney and heart problems, frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs), stomach pain, constipation, flat feet, and an abnormally shaped chest wall and ribcage (called pectus excavatum).
#22
https://www.amerikanhastanesi.org/mayo-clinic-care-network/mayo-clinic-health-information-library/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome
Flat feet […] Breastbone with an inward bowed shape […] Weak muscle tone (hypotonia) […] Seizures […] Problems with the kidneys […] Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure). […] Although some females may have mild or no symptoms associated with triple X syndrome, others experience developmental, psychological and behavioral problems that may lead to a variety of other issues, including: […] Work, school, social and relationship problems […] Poor self-esteem […] Need for additional support or assistance with learning, activities of daily living, school or work.
#23 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2987225/
The developmental and clinical aspects in the literature on triple X syndrome are reviewed. […] At birth, 47,XXX girls have a lower mean birth weight and a smaller head circumference. […] Toddlers with triple X syndrome show delayed language development. […] EEG abnormalities seem to be rather common. […] Many girls show motor-coordination problems and auditory-processing disorders are not rare. […] Scoliosis is probably more common in adolescent cases. […] The IQ levels are 20 points below that of controls, and verbal IQ is lowest. […] The girls struggle with low self-esteem and they need psychological, behavioural and educational support. […] In adults, premature ovarian failure seems to be more prevalent than in controls. […] MRIs of the brain seem to show decreased brain volumes.
#24 Orphanet: Trisomy X syndrome
https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/3375
A rare sex-chromosome anomaly characterized by a variable phenotype, including various degree of global developmental delay, tall stature, epicanthal folds, hypotonia, and clinodactyly in association with seizures, renal and genitourinary abnormalities, and premature ovarian failure (POF). […] The most common physical features include tall stature (height typically increases in early childhood and often remains above the 75th percentile during adolescence), long legs, short sitting height, average head circumference below the 50th percentile, epicanthal folds, hypotonia, and clinodactyly. Seizures, renal and genitourinary abnormalities (kidney and renal dysplasia, ovarian malformations), and POF are also associated findings. […] Children with triple X syndrome have higher rates of motor and speech delays compared to the general population, with an increased risk of cognitive deficits and learning disabilities emerging during the school-age years. Psychiatric disorders including attention deficit, mood disorders (such as anxiety and depression), and adjustment disorders are also more prevalent than in the general population. […] The prognosis is variable and depends on the severity of the manifestations and as well as the quality and timing of treatment.
#25 Triple X syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20350977
Many girls and women with triple X syndrome don’t experience symptoms or have only mild symptoms. […] In others, symptoms may be more apparent possibly including developmental delays and learning disabilities. Seizures and kidney problems occur in a small number of girls and women with triple X syndrome. […] Signs and symptoms can vary greatly among girls and women with triple X syndrome. Many experience no noticeable effects or have only mild symptoms. […] Being taller than average height is the most typical physical feature. Most females with triple X syndrome experience normal sexual development and have the ability to become pregnant. Some girls and women with triple X syndrome have intelligence in the normal range, but possibly slightly lower when compared with siblings. Others may have intellectual disabilities and sometimes may have behavioral problems.
#26 Triple X syndrome: Symptoms, chromosomes, diagnosis, and treatment
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/187322
Most girls and women with the syndrome have normal sexual development and can conceive children. Very rarely, reproductive issues can arise, including menstrual irregularities, early menstruation, and, occasionally, infertility. […] A person with triple X syndrome does not normally look different from people without the syndrome. Many medical professionals do not regard the condition as a disability. […] If the syndrome is caused by a badly formed egg or sperm, every cell in the body has the extra chromosome. In the mosaic form of triple X syndrome, only a certain number of body cells have the extra chromosome. Symptoms will depend partly on how many body cells have the extra X chromosome. […] Complications can lead to undue stress and anxiety, and eventually psychological problems and social isolation.
#27 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Girls with triple X syndrome also may have delayed development of their social, language, and learning skills. They also can have problems with reading and understanding math, and may have mild delays with coordination. […] Girls with triple X syndrome may develop anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These problems might ease as they get older and reach adulthood. Otherwise, treatment can help manage them. […] Less often, girls might have abnormal development of the ovaries and/or uterus, a delayed or early onset of puberty, and problems with fertility. Rarely, a girl may develop kidney and heart problems, frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs), stomach pain, constipation, flat feet, and an abnormally shaped chest wall and ribcage (called pectus excavatum).
#28 XXX Chromosome Disorder: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
https://www.apollohospitals.com/diseases-and-conditions/triple-x-syndrome-causes-symptoms-treatment
Also, in most women with the Super Female Syndrome, sexual development is normal, and they can conceive. In rare cases, reproductive abnormalities such as early menstruation, irregularities in periods and others can arise. Very rarely, it may cause infertility. A person with this chromosome disorder does not look different from people who do not have this condition. […] The triple X syndrome affects women in different ways. They are: Delay in the development of motor skills. Delay in developing language and speech skills. Problems with learning. Dyslexia (problems with understanding things, reading). […] A majority of females with XXX syndrome are quite healthy with no apparent signs and symptoms of the disease. Therefore, this disorder goes unnoticed or undiagnosed in some cases, or it is detected only when you go to your doctor for other health issues. In most cases, this condition comes to light when the parents of such female children notice problems with their child’s growth and development. According to research, early detection followed by early intervention can improve the symptoms.
#29 Triple X syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20350977
Occasionally, significant symptoms may occur, which vary among individuals. These signs and symptoms may show up as: […] Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking […] Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math […] Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder […] Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression […] Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: […] Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds) […] Widely spaced eyes […] Curved pinky fingers […] Flat feet […] Breastbone with an inward bowed shape […] Weak muscle tone (hypotonia) […] Seizures […] Problems with the kidneys […] Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure).
#30 Trisomy X: MedlinePlus GeneticsLock
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/trisomy-x/
Trisomy X, also called triple X syndrome or 47,XXX, is characterized by the presence of an additional X chromosome in each of a female’s cells. […] Trisomy X is associated with an increased risk of learning disabilities and delayed development of speech and language skills. Delayed development of motor skills (such as sitting and walking), weak muscle tone (hypotonia), and behavioral and emotional difficulties are also possible, but these characteristics vary widely. Seizures or kidney abnormalities occur in about 10 percent of affected females.
#31 Triple X syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20350977
Occasionally, significant symptoms may occur, which vary among individuals. These signs and symptoms may show up as: […] Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking […] Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math […] Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder […] Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression […] Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: […] Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds) […] Widely spaced eyes […] Curved pinky fingers […] Flat feet […] Breastbone with an inward bowed shape […] Weak muscle tone (hypotonia) […] Seizures […] Problems with the kidneys […] Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure).
#32
https://www.amerikanhastanesi.org/mayo-clinic-care-network/mayo-clinic-health-information-library/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome
Occasionally, significant symptoms may occur, which vary among individuals. These signs and symptoms may show up as: […] Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking […] Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math […] Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder […] Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression […] Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: […] Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds) […] Widely spaced eyes […] Curved pinky fingers
#33 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2987225/
The developmental and clinical aspects in the literature on triple X syndrome are reviewed. […] At birth, 47,XXX girls have a lower mean birth weight and a smaller head circumference. […] Toddlers with triple X syndrome show delayed language development. […] EEG abnormalities seem to be rather common. […] Many girls show motor-coordination problems and auditory-processing disorders are not rare. […] Scoliosis is probably more common in adolescent cases. […] The IQ levels are 20 points below that of controls, and verbal IQ is lowest. […] The girls struggle with low self-esteem and they need psychological, behavioural and educational support. […] In adults, premature ovarian failure seems to be more prevalent than in controls. […] MRIs of the brain seem to show decreased brain volumes.
#34 XXX Chromosome Disorder: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
https://www.apollohospitals.com/diseases-and-conditions/triple-x-syndrome-causes-symptoms-treatment
The signs and symptoms of triple X syndrome differ from one woman to another. In some, there are no symptoms, while some might show moderate to severe symptoms. […] If symptoms surface, they might include the following: Difficulties in information processing and judgment. Issues with gross and fine motor skills. Delayed language and speech skills. Dyslexia (difficulty reading and understanding). Poor coordination. Clumsiness. Taller than average height. Smaller than average head size. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Psychological problems, such as depression and anxiousness. […] Some lesser-known symptoms of XXX chromosome disorder may also include: Wide space between eyes. Flat feet. An abnormally curved little finger. Hypotonia (weak muscle tone). Epicanthal folds of the skin (a vertical fold of the upper eyelid covering the eyes inner corner). Seizures. Abnormal shape of the breastbone. Abnormalities of ovaries. Untimely ovarian failure. Kidney deformities. Developmental delays.
#35 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Triple X syndrome is a genetic condition found in females only. About 1 in 1,000 girls have it. […] Girls with triple X syndrome also known as XXX syndrome, trisomy X, and 47,XXX might be taller than other girls. Other symptoms can include problems with spoken language and processing spoken words, coordination problems, and weaker muscles. […] Noticeable signs and symptoms of triple X syndrome can vary greatly. Some girls have no obvious signs, while others have mild ones. Occasionally, the disorder causes significant problems. […] Girls with triple X syndrome can have some or all of these physical signs to some degree: taller than average height (usually, very long legs), low muscle tone, or muscle weakness (called hypotonia), very curved pinky finger (called clinodactyly), widely spaced eyes (called hypertelorism).
#36 Triple X Syndrome | Dayton Children’s Hospital
https://www.childrensdayton.org/kidshealth/a/triple-x-syndrome
Girls with triple X syndrome also known as XXX syndrome, trisomy X, and 47,XXX might be taller than other girls. Other symptoms can include problems with spoken language and processing spoken words, coordination problems, and weaker muscles. […] Girls with triple X syndrome can have some or all of these physical signs to some degree: taller than average height (usually, very long legs), low muscle tone, or muscle weakness (called hypotonia), very curved pinky finger (called clinodactyly), widely spaced eyes (called hypertelorism). […] Girls with triple X syndrome also may have delayed development of their social, language, and learning skills. They also can have problems with reading and understanding math, and may have mild delays with coordination. […] Girls with triple X syndrome may develop anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These problems might ease as they get older and reach adulthood. Otherwise, treatment can help manage them.
#37 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Triple X syndrome is a genetic condition found in females only. About 1 in 1,000 girls have it. […] Girls with triple X syndrome also known as XXX syndrome, trisomy X, and 47,XXX might be taller than other girls. Other symptoms can include problems with spoken language and processing spoken words, coordination problems, and weaker muscles. […] Noticeable signs and symptoms of triple X syndrome can vary greatly. Some girls have no obvious signs, while others have mild ones. Occasionally, the disorder causes significant problems. […] Girls with triple X syndrome can have some or all of these physical signs to some degree: taller than average height (usually, very long legs), low muscle tone, or muscle weakness (called hypotonia), very curved pinky finger (called clinodactyly), widely spaced eyes (called hypertelorism).
#38 XXX Chromosome Disorder: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
https://www.apollohospitals.com/diseases-and-conditions/triple-x-syndrome-causes-symptoms-treatment
The signs and symptoms of triple X syndrome differ from one woman to another. In some, there are no symptoms, while some might show moderate to severe symptoms. […] If symptoms surface, they might include the following: Difficulties in information processing and judgment. Issues with gross and fine motor skills. Delayed language and speech skills. Dyslexia (difficulty reading and understanding). Poor coordination. Clumsiness. Taller than average height. Smaller than average head size. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Psychological problems, such as depression and anxiousness. […] Some lesser-known symptoms of XXX chromosome disorder may also include: Wide space between eyes. Flat feet. An abnormally curved little finger. Hypotonia (weak muscle tone). Epicanthal folds of the skin (a vertical fold of the upper eyelid covering the eyes inner corner). Seizures. Abnormal shape of the breastbone. Abnormalities of ovaries. Untimely ovarian failure. Kidney deformities. Developmental delays.
#39 Triple X Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More
https://www.healthline.com/health/triple-x-syndrome
Some girls and women with triple X syndrome show no symptoms at all, causing the disorder to go undiagnosed. In fact, its estimated that only 10 percent of females affected are ever diagnosed. […] If symptoms do occur, they commonly include physical abnormalities like: a smaller-than-average head, being taller than average (with especially long legs), poor muscle tone. […] Without strong and developed muscles, babies with triple X may be slow to walk. As they grow older, they may be clumsier than girls without the syndrome. Although its rare, some females with triple X may have kidney problems, seizures, and heart problems. […] Speech and language delays are other symptoms of triple X. Many with triple X have learning disabilities, involving reading and difficulty with speech and language. A review of studies found some evidence that girls with triple X may have an IQ about 20 points lower than girls without the disorder.
#40 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
Data on intelligence in 35 cases and 29 controls showed lower full-scale IQ’s (cases=90.06 vs controls=108.40), verbal IQ’s (cases=86.63 vs controls=105.64) and performance IQ’s (cases=95.16 vs controls=109.60), with significantly lower verbal IQ’s than performance IQ’s. […] The psychosocial adaptation seemed to be reasonably good, with 25 of 37 showing no behavioural problems. […] Several research groups again reported poor interpersonal relationships and sensitivity to a stressful home life. […] The adult 47,XXX women showed normal female sexual development and 9 out of 37 delivered a chromosomally normal child. […] Intelligence tended to cluster in the lower levels of normal intelligence, being significantly lower than their siblings. […] The verbal IQ levels continued to be lower than the performance IQ levels and expressive language continued to be poor.
#41 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
The developmental and clinical aspects in the literature on triple X syndrome are reviewed. […] At birth, 47,XXX girls have a lower mean birth weight and a smaller head circumference. […] Toddlers with triple X syndrome show delayed language development. […] EEG abnormalities seem to be rather common. Many girls show motor-coordination problems and auditory-processing disorders are not rare. […] The IQ levels are 20 points below that of controls, and verbal IQ is lowest. […] The girls struggle with low self-esteem and they need psychological, behavioural and educational support. […] In adults, premature ovarian failure seems to be more prevalent than in controls. […] MRIs of the brain seem to show decreased brain volumes. […] Psychotic illness seems to be more prevalent in triple X adult women than in controls.
#42 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
Data on intelligence in 35 cases and 29 controls showed lower full-scale IQ’s (cases=90.06 vs controls=108.40), verbal IQ’s (cases=86.63 vs controls=105.64) and performance IQ’s (cases=95.16 vs controls=109.60), with significantly lower verbal IQ’s than performance IQ’s. […] The psychosocial adaptation seemed to be reasonably good, with 25 of 37 showing no behavioural problems. […] Several research groups again reported poor interpersonal relationships and sensitivity to a stressful home life. […] The adult 47,XXX women showed normal female sexual development and 9 out of 37 delivered a chromosomally normal child. […] Intelligence tended to cluster in the lower levels of normal intelligence, being significantly lower than their siblings. […] The verbal IQ levels continued to be lower than the performance IQ levels and expressive language continued to be poor.
#43 XXX Chromosome Disorder: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
https://www.apollohospitals.com/diseases-and-conditions/triple-x-syndrome-causes-symptoms-treatment
The signs and symptoms of triple X syndrome differ from one woman to another. In some, there are no symptoms, while some might show moderate to severe symptoms. […] If symptoms surface, they might include the following: Difficulties in information processing and judgment. Issues with gross and fine motor skills. Delayed language and speech skills. Dyslexia (difficulty reading and understanding). Poor coordination. Clumsiness. Taller than average height. Smaller than average head size. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Psychological problems, such as depression and anxiousness. […] Some lesser-known symptoms of XXX chromosome disorder may also include: Wide space between eyes. Flat feet. An abnormally curved little finger. Hypotonia (weak muscle tone). Epicanthal folds of the skin (a vertical fold of the upper eyelid covering the eyes inner corner). Seizures. Abnormal shape of the breastbone. Abnormalities of ovaries. Untimely ovarian failure. Kidney deformities. Developmental delays.
#44 Triple X syndrome
https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/t/triple-x-syndrome/
Occasionally significant symptoms may occur. If signs and symptoms are present, they are often variable. Signs and symptoms in girls and women with triple X syndrome may include an increased risk of: […] Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking […] Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading (dyslexia), understanding or math […] Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder […] Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression […] Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes triple X syndrome may be associated with these signs and symptoms: […] Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds) […] Widely spaced eyes […] Abnormally curved pinky fingers […] Flat feet […] Abnormally shaped breastbone […] Weak muscle tone (hypotonia) […] Seizures […] Kidney abnormalities […] Premature ovarian failure or ovary abnormalities […] Developmental delays.
#45 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Girls with triple X syndrome also may have delayed development of their social, language, and learning skills. They also can have problems with reading and understanding math, and may have mild delays with coordination. […] Girls with triple X syndrome may develop anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These problems might ease as they get older and reach adulthood. Otherwise, treatment can help manage them. […] Less often, girls might have abnormal development of the ovaries and/or uterus, a delayed or early onset of puberty, and problems with fertility. Rarely, a girl may develop kidney and heart problems, frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs), stomach pain, constipation, flat feet, and an abnormally shaped chest wall and ribcage (called pectus excavatum).
#46 Triple X syndrome | UM Health-Sparrow
https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/triple-x-syndrome
Occasionally, significant symptoms may occur, which vary among individuals. These signs and symptoms may show up as: Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking; Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math; Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder; Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression; Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds); Widely spaced eyes; Curved pinky fingers; Flat feet; Breastbone with an inward bowed shape; Weak muscle tone (hypotonia); Seizures; Problems with the kidneys; Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure).
#47 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Girls with triple X syndrome also may have delayed development of their social, language, and learning skills. They also can have problems with reading and understanding math, and may have mild delays with coordination. […] Girls with triple X syndrome may develop anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These problems might ease as they get older and reach adulthood. Otherwise, treatment can help manage them. […] Less often, girls might have abnormal development of the ovaries and/or uterus, a delayed or early onset of puberty, and problems with fertility. Rarely, a girl may develop kidney and heart problems, frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs), stomach pain, constipation, flat feet, and an abnormally shaped chest wall and ribcage (called pectus excavatum).
#48 Triple X syndrome | UM Health-Sparrow
https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/triple-x-syndrome
Occasionally, significant symptoms may occur, which vary among individuals. These signs and symptoms may show up as: Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking; Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math; Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder; Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression; Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds); Widely spaced eyes; Curved pinky fingers; Flat feet; Breastbone with an inward bowed shape; Weak muscle tone (hypotonia); Seizures; Problems with the kidneys; Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure).
#49 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2987225/
Psychotic illness seems to be more prevalent in triple X adult women than in controls. […] Triple X adults suffer more frequently from cyclothymic and labile personality traits. […] The youngest girls show accelerated growth until puberty. […] After leaving school they seem to feel better. […] The physical phenotype shows earlier growth and longer legs. […] The behavioural phenotype often shows auditory processing disorders, disorders in language development and problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] Psychiatric disorders seem to be more common in triple X syndrome. […] Quality of life seems to increase after leaving school. […] The girls showed short-term memory and recall problems. […] Their behaviour was more masculine and more impulsive in several cases.
#50 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
Psychotic disorders respond well to psychotropic drugs. […] Triple X adults suffer more frequently from cyclothymic and labile personality traits. […] The physical phenotype shows earlier growth and longer legs. […] The behavioural phenotype often shows auditory processing disorders, disorders in language development and problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] Psychiatric disorders seem to be more common in triple X syndrome. […] Quality of life seems to increase after leaving school. […] The youngest cases seem to suffer from a delay in language development. […] Auditory-processing disorders may be responsible for this delay. […] This might explain some of the problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] The teenage 47,XXX girls show an earlier growth spurt and a somewhat lower weight than height percentile, significantly smaller head circumferences, shorter hands and feet, and with longer tibiae and underarms than in the controls.
#51 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2987225/
Psychotic illness seems to be more prevalent in triple X adult women than in controls. […] Triple X adults suffer more frequently from cyclothymic and labile personality traits. […] The youngest girls show accelerated growth until puberty. […] After leaving school they seem to feel better. […] The physical phenotype shows earlier growth and longer legs. […] The behavioural phenotype often shows auditory processing disorders, disorders in language development and problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] Psychiatric disorders seem to be more common in triple X syndrome. […] Quality of life seems to increase after leaving school. […] The girls showed short-term memory and recall problems. […] Their behaviour was more masculine and more impulsive in several cases.
#52 Triple X syndrome | UM Health-Sparrow
https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/triple-x-syndrome
Occasionally, significant symptoms may occur, which vary among individuals. These signs and symptoms may show up as: Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking; Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math; Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder; Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression; Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds); Widely spaced eyes; Curved pinky fingers; Flat feet; Breastbone with an inward bowed shape; Weak muscle tone (hypotonia); Seizures; Problems with the kidneys; Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure).
#53 XXX Chromosome Disorder: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
https://www.apollohospitals.com/diseases-and-conditions/triple-x-syndrome-causes-symptoms-treatment
The signs and symptoms of triple X syndrome differ from one woman to another. In some, there are no symptoms, while some might show moderate to severe symptoms. […] If symptoms surface, they might include the following: Difficulties in information processing and judgment. Issues with gross and fine motor skills. Delayed language and speech skills. Dyslexia (difficulty reading and understanding). Poor coordination. Clumsiness. Taller than average height. Smaller than average head size. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Psychological problems, such as depression and anxiousness. […] Some lesser-known symptoms of XXX chromosome disorder may also include: Wide space between eyes. Flat feet. An abnormally curved little finger. Hypotonia (weak muscle tone). Epicanthal folds of the skin (a vertical fold of the upper eyelid covering the eyes inner corner). Seizures. Abnormal shape of the breastbone. Abnormalities of ovaries. Untimely ovarian failure. Kidney deformities. Developmental delays.
#54 Triple X syndrome // Middlesex Health
https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/triple-x-syndrome
These signs and symptoms may show up as: Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking; Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math; Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder; Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression; Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds); Widely spaced eyes; Curved pinky fingers; Flat feet; Breastbone with an inward bowed shape; Weak muscle tone (hypotonia); Seizures; Problems with the kidneys; Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure). […] Although some females may have mild or no symptoms associated with triple X syndrome, others experience developmental, psychological and behavioral problems that may lead to a variety of other issues.
#55 Trisomy X – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trisomy_X
Though intellectual disability is rare, it is more prevalent than in the general population, occurring in about 5-10% of females with trisomy X compared to approximately 1% of the broader population. […] More than 75% experience learning disabilities, frequently related to reading skills, but expressive language skills tend to be more affected than receptive skills. […] Impaired social regulation is more common in trisomy X, and is in part dependent on emotional dysregulation but also dependent on environmental factors. […] Some mental health issues are more frequent in women with trisomy X. […] The prognosis of trisomy X is broadly good, with adult independence most often achieved, if delayed. […] Most adults achieve normal life outcomes, pursuing education, employment, or homemaking. […] Physical health is generally good and many women with trisomy X live into old age. […] Women with trisomy X who were diagnosed prenatally have better outcomes as a group than those diagnosed postnatally.
#56 Triple X Syndrome: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17892-triple-x-syndrome
Many people with triple X are taller than their peers. Theyre also often taller than pediatricians predicted based on their parents heights. Other, more subtle physical attributes include: Wide-spaced eyes (hypertelorism). Vertical skin folds that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds). Curved or bent little fingers (clinodactyly). Poor muscle tone (hypotonia). […] Some people with triple X syndrome have developmental delays or mental health conditions. These may include: Developmental delays. Learning disabilities. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Mood disorders like anxiety and depression. Mild cognitive impairment. […] Rarely, some people with triple X syndrome may develop: Autoimmune conditions. Differences in heart structure. Frequent urinary tract infections. Genito-urinary deformities or malfunctions. Kidney abnormalities. Premature ovarian aging or failure. Seizures.
#57 Triple X syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20350977
Occasionally, significant symptoms may occur, which vary among individuals. These signs and symptoms may show up as: […] Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking […] Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math […] Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder […] Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression […] Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: […] Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds) […] Widely spaced eyes […] Curved pinky fingers […] Flat feet […] Breastbone with an inward bowed shape […] Weak muscle tone (hypotonia) […] Seizures […] Problems with the kidneys […] Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure).
#58 Triple X syndrome – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350981
Because many girls and women with triple X syndrome are healthy and show no outward signs of the condition, they may remain undiagnosed all their lives, or the diagnosis may be discovered while checking other issues. […] If triple X syndrome is suspected after birth based on signs and symptoms, it can be confirmed by genetic testing. […] The chromosome error that causes triple X syndrome can’t be repaired, so the syndrome itself has no cure. Treatment is based on symptoms and needs. Options that may be helpful include: […] Girls and women with triple X syndrome may be more prone to anxiety, as well as behavioral and emotional problems. […] It’s quite possible for girls and women with triple X syndrome to lead full and happy lives. However, sometimes help and support are needed. […] Any signs or symptoms you’ve noticed in your child, including any that may seem unrelated to the reason for the appointment […] Any problems your child may be having with learning, emotions or behavior.
#59 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Girls with triple X syndrome also may have delayed development of their social, language, and learning skills. They also can have problems with reading and understanding math, and may have mild delays with coordination. […] Girls with triple X syndrome may develop anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These problems might ease as they get older and reach adulthood. Otherwise, treatment can help manage them. […] Less often, girls might have abnormal development of the ovaries and/or uterus, a delayed or early onset of puberty, and problems with fertility. Rarely, a girl may develop kidney and heart problems, frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs), stomach pain, constipation, flat feet, and an abnormally shaped chest wall and ribcage (called pectus excavatum).
#60 Triple X Syndrome: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17892-triple-x-syndrome
Many people with triple X are taller than their peers. Theyre also often taller than pediatricians predicted based on their parents heights. Other, more subtle physical attributes include: Wide-spaced eyes (hypertelorism). Vertical skin folds that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds). Curved or bent little fingers (clinodactyly). Poor muscle tone (hypotonia). […] Some people with triple X syndrome have developmental delays or mental health conditions. These may include: Developmental delays. Learning disabilities. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Mood disorders like anxiety and depression. Mild cognitive impairment. […] Rarely, some people with triple X syndrome may develop: Autoimmune conditions. Differences in heart structure. Frequent urinary tract infections. Genito-urinary deformities or malfunctions. Kidney abnormalities. Premature ovarian aging or failure. Seizures.
#61 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Girls with triple X syndrome also may have delayed development of their social, language, and learning skills. They also can have problems with reading and understanding math, and may have mild delays with coordination. […] Girls with triple X syndrome may develop anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These problems might ease as they get older and reach adulthood. Otherwise, treatment can help manage them. […] Less often, girls might have abnormal development of the ovaries and/or uterus, a delayed or early onset of puberty, and problems with fertility. Rarely, a girl may develop kidney and heart problems, frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs), stomach pain, constipation, flat feet, and an abnormally shaped chest wall and ribcage (called pectus excavatum).
#62 What Is Triple X Syndrome?
https://www.webmd.com/children/what-is-triple-x-syndrome
Many girls and women with triple X syndrome have mild symptoms or dont experience any symptoms at all. People with triple X syndrome that affects all of their cells or a higher percentage of their cells are more likely to have more severe or obvious symptoms. […] Triple X syndrome symptoms can include: Very long legs and above average height, Widened space between the eyes, Epicanthal folds (skin folds that cover the inner corners of the eyes), Flat feet, Curved or bent pinky fingers, Abnormal breastbone shape, Seizures, Malformed kidneys and ovaries, Heart irregularities, Fertility problems and early ovarian failure, Hypothyroidism or other autoimmune conditions. […] Women and girls with a triple X chromosome also might have a greater risk of developmental, learning, and psychological problems such as: Anxiety, Depression, Low self-esteem, Attention-deficit disorder, Learning difficulties and lower IQ compared to siblings, Difficulty communicating and interacting socially.
#63 Triple X Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More
https://www.healthline.com/health/triple-x-syndrome
Having an extra X chromosome may affect areas of the brain that control what experts call executive functioning. People who dont have strong executive functioning may find it hard to focus, manage time, and get along with others. […] Research suggests that girls with triple X have more anxiety, less-developed social skills, and higher rates of autism. In a study published in the Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 52 percent of girls who had been diagnosed with triple X met the criteria for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Because of all these factors, girls with the condition can experience low self-esteem and low self-confidence, and have problems with interpersonal relationships. […] Most women and girls with triple X syndrome dont exhibit any outward signs. They live healthy lives, which is why so many cases go undetected. A diagnosis can be made through genetic testing.
#64 Triple X Syndrome | Dayton Children’s Hospital
https://www.childrensdayton.org/kidshealth/a/triple-x-syndrome
Girls with triple X syndrome also known as XXX syndrome, trisomy X, and 47,XXX might be taller than other girls. Other symptoms can include problems with spoken language and processing spoken words, coordination problems, and weaker muscles. […] Girls with triple X syndrome can have some or all of these physical signs to some degree: taller than average height (usually, very long legs), low muscle tone, or muscle weakness (called hypotonia), very curved pinky finger (called clinodactyly), widely spaced eyes (called hypertelorism). […] Girls with triple X syndrome also may have delayed development of their social, language, and learning skills. They also can have problems with reading and understanding math, and may have mild delays with coordination. […] Girls with triple X syndrome may develop anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These problems might ease as they get older and reach adulthood. Otherwise, treatment can help manage them.
#65 Triple X syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20350977
Occasionally, significant symptoms may occur, which vary among individuals. These signs and symptoms may show up as: […] Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking […] Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math […] Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder […] Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression […] Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: […] Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds) […] Widely spaced eyes […] Curved pinky fingers […] Flat feet […] Breastbone with an inward bowed shape […] Weak muscle tone (hypotonia) […] Seizures […] Problems with the kidneys […] Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure).
#66 Social functioning and emotion recognition in adults with triple X syndrome | BJPsych Open | Cambridge Core
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bjpsych-open/article/social-functioning-and-emotion-recognition-in-adults-with-triple-x-syndrome/6F6D47FAB84EFD9E9771FDA8E06FFA1B
The social impairments associated with TXS may be, in part, attributable to a delay in the development of speech and/or language, as well as impaired cognitive processes such as attention and executive functioning. […] However, little is currently known regarding social cognition in adults with TXS. […] Although impaired emotion recognition has been reported in other sex chromosome disorders, including Klinefelter and Turner syndrome, to date no studies have examined emotion recognition in adults with TXS. […] We found that the women in the TXS group performed significantly worse than the control group with respect to recognising emotions, particularly sadness, fear and disgust. […] Thus, these findings suggest that TXS could be a risk factor for developing autism and/or autism-related conditions with impaired social functioning. […] Our results indicate that adults with TXS have impaired social functioning and emotion recognition.
#67 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2987225/
The psychosocial adaptation seemed to be reasonably good, with 25 of 37 showing no behavioural problems. […] The 47,XXX women depended longer on parental support than did their siblings. […] Most of the published triple X patients with psychotic disorders show paranoid symptoms. […] Low self-esteem has been reported in almost all the young adult women in the Edinburgh newborn-screening study.
#68
https://www.amerikanhastanesi.org/mayo-clinic-care-network/mayo-clinic-health-information-library/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome
Flat feet […] Breastbone with an inward bowed shape […] Weak muscle tone (hypotonia) […] Seizures […] Problems with the kidneys […] Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure). […] Although some females may have mild or no symptoms associated with triple X syndrome, others experience developmental, psychological and behavioral problems that may lead to a variety of other issues, including: […] Work, school, social and relationship problems […] Poor self-esteem […] Need for additional support or assistance with learning, activities of daily living, school or work.
#69 Triple-X syndrome | Information & Support | Contact
https://contact.org.uk/conditions/triple-x-syndrome/
Triple-X syndrome is a chromosomal condition which occurs only in females. A female affected by triple-X syndrome has an XX pair of chromosomes, as well as additional X chromosome, resulting in the formation of XXX. The effect of having an extra X chromosome can be very varied. Some females with triple-X syndrome show no, or very few, symptoms and are entirely ânormalâ, whilst others have a lot of typical features. At birth, girls with triple-X syndrome are usually normally developed, although babies may be floppy (hypotonic) and weight may be slightly lower than average. Many girls have a âgrowth spurtâ up until the age of eight years and women tend to be a little taller than average. With the âfull blownâ condition, girls with triple-X syndrome are at risk of delays in neuromotor development, which can lead to coordination problems including both gross motor skills and/or fine motor skills. Learning ability and/or impaired social relationship skills may also be present. Behavioural problems including tantrums, shyness and emotional immaturity are rather more frequent than in girls with XX chromosomes. Delays in speech and language development are frequent. Sexual development is normal and triple-X women are fertile though there is a slight increased risk of sex chromosome changes in their children. Individuals with triple-X syndrome have no increased risk of any diseases during childhood or in adult life.
#70 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2987225/
Psychotic illness seems to be more prevalent in triple X adult women than in controls. […] Triple X adults suffer more frequently from cyclothymic and labile personality traits. […] The youngest girls show accelerated growth until puberty. […] After leaving school they seem to feel better. […] The physical phenotype shows earlier growth and longer legs. […] The behavioural phenotype often shows auditory processing disorders, disorders in language development and problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] Psychiatric disorders seem to be more common in triple X syndrome. […] Quality of life seems to increase after leaving school. […] The girls showed short-term memory and recall problems. […] Their behaviour was more masculine and more impulsive in several cases.
#71 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
Psychotic disorders respond well to psychotropic drugs. […] Triple X adults suffer more frequently from cyclothymic and labile personality traits. […] The physical phenotype shows earlier growth and longer legs. […] The behavioural phenotype often shows auditory processing disorders, disorders in language development and problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] Psychiatric disorders seem to be more common in triple X syndrome. […] Quality of life seems to increase after leaving school. […] The youngest cases seem to suffer from a delay in language development. […] Auditory-processing disorders may be responsible for this delay. […] This might explain some of the problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] The teenage 47,XXX girls show an earlier growth spurt and a somewhat lower weight than height percentile, significantly smaller head circumferences, shorter hands and feet, and with longer tibiae and underarms than in the controls.
#72 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
Data on intelligence in 35 cases and 29 controls showed lower full-scale IQ’s (cases=90.06 vs controls=108.40), verbal IQ’s (cases=86.63 vs controls=105.64) and performance IQ’s (cases=95.16 vs controls=109.60), with significantly lower verbal IQ’s than performance IQ’s. […] The psychosocial adaptation seemed to be reasonably good, with 25 of 37 showing no behavioural problems. […] Several research groups again reported poor interpersonal relationships and sensitivity to a stressful home life. […] The adult 47,XXX women showed normal female sexual development and 9 out of 37 delivered a chromosomally normal child. […] Intelligence tended to cluster in the lower levels of normal intelligence, being significantly lower than their siblings. […] The verbal IQ levels continued to be lower than the performance IQ levels and expressive language continued to be poor.
#73 Triple X Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More
https://www.healthline.com/health/triple-x-syndrome
Having an extra X chromosome may affect areas of the brain that control what experts call executive functioning. People who dont have strong executive functioning may find it hard to focus, manage time, and get along with others. […] Research suggests that girls with triple X have more anxiety, less-developed social skills, and higher rates of autism. In a study published in the Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 52 percent of girls who had been diagnosed with triple X met the criteria for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Because of all these factors, girls with the condition can experience low self-esteem and low self-confidence, and have problems with interpersonal relationships. […] Most women and girls with triple X syndrome dont exhibit any outward signs. They live healthy lives, which is why so many cases go undetected. A diagnosis can be made through genetic testing.
#74 What Is Triple X Syndrome? Causes, Symptoms, And Treatment Measures | OnlyMyHealth
https://www.onlymyhealth.com/what-is-triple-x-syndrome-causes-symptoms-diagnosis-treatment-1727423084
Epicanthal folds (skin folds of the upper eyelid covering the inner corner of the eye) […] Curved pinky fingers […] Social anxiety or shyness […] Poor coordination and motor skills […] Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). A study published in the Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics found that 52% of girls diagnosed with triple X met the criteria for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). […] Difficulty in understanding social cues […] Most women with Triple X syndrome have normal sexual development and fertility. However, some may experience early puberty or menstrual irregularities. It is important to note that the severity of symptoms can differ significantly. Some females may exhibit mild symptoms, while others may experience more pronounced developmental and learning difficulties.
#75 Triple X Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More
https://www.healthline.com/health/triple-x-syndrome
Having an extra X chromosome may affect areas of the brain that control what experts call executive functioning. People who dont have strong executive functioning may find it hard to focus, manage time, and get along with others. […] Research suggests that girls with triple X have more anxiety, less-developed social skills, and higher rates of autism. In a study published in the Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 52 percent of girls who had been diagnosed with triple X met the criteria for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Because of all these factors, girls with the condition can experience low self-esteem and low self-confidence, and have problems with interpersonal relationships. […] Most women and girls with triple X syndrome dont exhibit any outward signs. They live healthy lives, which is why so many cases go undetected. A diagnosis can be made through genetic testing.
#76 Social functioning and emotion recognition in adults with triple X syndrome | BJPsych Open | Cambridge Core
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bjpsych-open/article/social-functioning-and-emotion-recognition-in-adults-with-triple-x-syndrome/6F6D47FAB84EFD9E9771FDA8E06FFA1B
Triple X syndrome (TXS) is caused by aneuploidy of the X chromosome and is associated with impaired social functioning in children; however, its effect on social functioning and emotion recognition in adults is poorly understood. […] Compared with controls, women with TXS scored higher on the Adult Behavior Checklist, including the Withdrawn scale and Thought Problems scale; and higher on the Social Responsiveness Scale for Adults, indicating impaired social functioning. […] In addition, women with TXS performed worse on the Emotion Recognition Task, particularly with respect to recognising sadness, fear and disgust. […] Our findings indicate that adults with TXS have a higher prevalence of impaired social functioning and emotion recognition. […] The behavioural phenotype (increased anxiety, depressive disorder, attention deficits, and delayed speech and language development) and cognitive phenotype (poorer performance on verbal tasks and executive function deficits) are described primarily in children, adolescents and young adults.
#77 Social functioning and emotion recognition in adults with triple X syndrome | BJPsych Open | Cambridge Core
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bjpsych-open/article/social-functioning-and-emotion-recognition-in-adults-with-triple-x-syndrome/6F6D47FAB84EFD9E9771FDA8E06FFA1B
Triple X syndrome (TXS) is caused by aneuploidy of the X chromosome and is associated with impaired social functioning in children; however, its effect on social functioning and emotion recognition in adults is poorly understood. […] Compared with controls, women with TXS scored higher on the Adult Behavior Checklist, including the Withdrawn scale and Thought Problems scale; and higher on the Social Responsiveness Scale for Adults, indicating impaired social functioning. […] In addition, women with TXS performed worse on the Emotion Recognition Task, particularly with respect to recognising sadness, fear and disgust. […] Our findings indicate that adults with TXS have a higher prevalence of impaired social functioning and emotion recognition. […] The behavioural phenotype (increased anxiety, depressive disorder, attention deficits, and delayed speech and language development) and cognitive phenotype (poorer performance on verbal tasks and executive function deficits) are described primarily in children, adolescents and young adults.
#78 Social functioning and emotion recognition in adults with triple X syndrome | BJPsych Open | Cambridge Core
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bjpsych-open/article/social-functioning-and-emotion-recognition-in-adults-with-triple-x-syndrome/6F6D47FAB84EFD9E9771FDA8E06FFA1B
The social impairments associated with TXS may be, in part, attributable to a delay in the development of speech and/or language, as well as impaired cognitive processes such as attention and executive functioning. […] However, little is currently known regarding social cognition in adults with TXS. […] Although impaired emotion recognition has been reported in other sex chromosome disorders, including Klinefelter and Turner syndrome, to date no studies have examined emotion recognition in adults with TXS. […] We found that the women in the TXS group performed significantly worse than the control group with respect to recognising emotions, particularly sadness, fear and disgust. […] Thus, these findings suggest that TXS could be a risk factor for developing autism and/or autism-related conditions with impaired social functioning. […] Our results indicate that adults with TXS have impaired social functioning and emotion recognition.
#79 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2987225/
Psychotic illness seems to be more prevalent in triple X adult women than in controls. […] Triple X adults suffer more frequently from cyclothymic and labile personality traits. […] The youngest girls show accelerated growth until puberty. […] After leaving school they seem to feel better. […] The physical phenotype shows earlier growth and longer legs. […] The behavioural phenotype often shows auditory processing disorders, disorders in language development and problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] Psychiatric disorders seem to be more common in triple X syndrome. […] Quality of life seems to increase after leaving school. […] The girls showed short-term memory and recall problems. […] Their behaviour was more masculine and more impulsive in several cases.
#80 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
Psychotic disorders respond well to psychotropic drugs. […] Triple X adults suffer more frequently from cyclothymic and labile personality traits. […] The physical phenotype shows earlier growth and longer legs. […] The behavioural phenotype often shows auditory processing disorders, disorders in language development and problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] Psychiatric disorders seem to be more common in triple X syndrome. […] Quality of life seems to increase after leaving school. […] The youngest cases seem to suffer from a delay in language development. […] Auditory-processing disorders may be responsible for this delay. […] This might explain some of the problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] The teenage 47,XXX girls show an earlier growth spurt and a somewhat lower weight than height percentile, significantly smaller head circumferences, shorter hands and feet, and with longer tibiae and underarms than in the controls.
#81 Triple X syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20350977
Many girls and women with triple X syndrome don’t experience symptoms or have only mild symptoms. […] In others, symptoms may be more apparent possibly including developmental delays and learning disabilities. Seizures and kidney problems occur in a small number of girls and women with triple X syndrome. […] Signs and symptoms can vary greatly among girls and women with triple X syndrome. Many experience no noticeable effects or have only mild symptoms. […] Being taller than average height is the most typical physical feature. Most females with triple X syndrome experience normal sexual development and have the ability to become pregnant. Some girls and women with triple X syndrome have intelligence in the normal range, but possibly slightly lower when compared with siblings. Others may have intellectual disabilities and sometimes may have behavioral problems.
#82 Trisomy X: MedlinePlus GeneticsLock
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/trisomy-x/
Trisomy X, also called triple X syndrome or 47,XXX, is characterized by the presence of an additional X chromosome in each of a female’s cells. […] Trisomy X is associated with an increased risk of learning disabilities and delayed development of speech and language skills. Delayed development of motor skills (such as sitting and walking), weak muscle tone (hypotonia), and behavioral and emotional difficulties are also possible, but these characteristics vary widely. Seizures or kidney abnormalities occur in about 10 percent of affected females.
#83 Triple X syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20350977
Occasionally, significant symptoms may occur, which vary among individuals. These signs and symptoms may show up as: […] Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking […] Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math […] Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder […] Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression […] Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: […] Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds) […] Widely spaced eyes […] Curved pinky fingers […] Flat feet […] Breastbone with an inward bowed shape […] Weak muscle tone (hypotonia) […] Seizures […] Problems with the kidneys […] Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure).
#84 Trisomy X: MedlinePlus GeneticsLock
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/trisomy-x/
Trisomy X, also called triple X syndrome or 47,XXX, is characterized by the presence of an additional X chromosome in each of a female’s cells. […] Trisomy X is associated with an increased risk of learning disabilities and delayed development of speech and language skills. Delayed development of motor skills (such as sitting and walking), weak muscle tone (hypotonia), and behavioral and emotional difficulties are also possible, but these characteristics vary widely. Seizures or kidney abnormalities occur in about 10 percent of affected females.
#85 Triple X syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20350977
Occasionally, significant symptoms may occur, which vary among individuals. These signs and symptoms may show up as: […] Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking […] Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math […] Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder […] Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression […] Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: […] Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds) […] Widely spaced eyes […] Curved pinky fingers […] Flat feet […] Breastbone with an inward bowed shape […] Weak muscle tone (hypotonia) […] Seizures […] Problems with the kidneys […] Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure).
#86 Trisomy X: MedlinePlus GeneticsLock
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/trisomy-x/
Trisomy X, also called triple X syndrome or 47,XXX, is characterized by the presence of an additional X chromosome in each of a female’s cells. […] Trisomy X is associated with an increased risk of learning disabilities and delayed development of speech and language skills. Delayed development of motor skills (such as sitting and walking), weak muscle tone (hypotonia), and behavioral and emotional difficulties are also possible, but these characteristics vary widely. Seizures or kidney abnormalities occur in about 10 percent of affected females.
#87 Triple X syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20350977
Occasionally, significant symptoms may occur, which vary among individuals. These signs and symptoms may show up as: […] Delayed development of speech and language skills, as well as motor skills, such as sitting up and walking […] Learning disabilities, such as difficulty with reading, understanding or math […] Behavioral problems, such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or symptoms of autism spectrum disorder […] Psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression […] Problems with fine and gross motor skills, memory, judgment and information processing. […] Sometimes females with triple X syndrome have these signs and symptoms: […] Vertical folds of skin that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds) […] Widely spaced eyes […] Curved pinky fingers […] Flat feet […] Breastbone with an inward bowed shape […] Weak muscle tone (hypotonia) […] Seizures […] Problems with the kidneys […] Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure).
#88 What Is Triple X Syndrome?
https://www.webmd.com/children/what-is-triple-x-syndrome
Many girls and women with triple X syndrome have mild symptoms or dont experience any symptoms at all. People with triple X syndrome that affects all of their cells or a higher percentage of their cells are more likely to have more severe or obvious symptoms. […] Triple X syndrome symptoms can include: Very long legs and above average height, Widened space between the eyes, Epicanthal folds (skin folds that cover the inner corners of the eyes), Flat feet, Curved or bent pinky fingers, Abnormal breastbone shape, Seizures, Malformed kidneys and ovaries, Heart irregularities, Fertility problems and early ovarian failure, Hypothyroidism or other autoimmune conditions. […] Women and girls with a triple X chromosome also might have a greater risk of developmental, learning, and psychological problems such as: Anxiety, Depression, Low self-esteem, Attention-deficit disorder, Learning difficulties and lower IQ compared to siblings, Difficulty communicating and interacting socially.
#89
https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/triple-x-syndrome
Triple X syndrome is a chromosomal condition caused by the presence of an additional X chromosome in females. The symptoms vary, although many girls and women do not show any symptoms or experience mild symptoms. […] The features of triple X syndrome can vary widely and it is important to note that not all the features described will be seen in your child. Some girls and women with triple X syndrome have minimal or no symptoms. […] Other medical problems may include: Cardiovascular (heart and blood vessels). Congenital heart disease (occurs in 0.8% similar to population prevalence numbers). Endocrine. Delayed or early puberty. However, most girls and women with triple X syndrome have normal pubertal development and can conceive children. […] It is important to note that although there may be certain differences between girls with triple X syndrome and girls with two X chromosomes, most of these differences are what is often found as normal variation among individuals. […] Most girls and women with triple X syndrome lead normal lives. They go to mainstream schools, have jobs and children and live to an old age.
#90
https://www.nni.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/triple-x-syndrome
Triple X syndrome is a chromosomal condition caused by the presence of an additional X chromosome in females. The symptoms vary, although many girls and women do not show any symptoms or experience mild symptoms. […] The features of triple X syndrome can vary widely and it is important to note that not all the features described will be seen in your child. Some girls and women with triple X syndrome have minimal or no symptoms. […] Other medical problems may include: Cardiovascular (heart and blood vessels). Congenital heart disease (occurs in 0.8% similar to population prevalence numbers). Endocrine. Delayed or early puberty. However, most girls and women with triple X syndrome have normal pubertal development and can conceive children. Kidney. Structural abnormalities of the kidney can occur, although it is rare. […] Most girls and women with triple X syndrome lead normal lives. They go to mainstream schools, have jobs and children and live to an old age.
#91 Triple X Syndrome: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17892-triple-x-syndrome
Many people with triple X are taller than their peers. Theyre also often taller than pediatricians predicted based on their parents heights. Other, more subtle physical attributes include: Wide-spaced eyes (hypertelorism). Vertical skin folds that cover the inner corners of the eyes (epicanthal folds). Curved or bent little fingers (clinodactyly). Poor muscle tone (hypotonia). […] Some people with triple X syndrome have developmental delays or mental health conditions. These may include: Developmental delays. Learning disabilities. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Mood disorders like anxiety and depression. Mild cognitive impairment. […] Rarely, some people with triple X syndrome may develop: Autoimmune conditions. Differences in heart structure. Frequent urinary tract infections. Genito-urinary deformities or malfunctions. Kidney abnormalities. Premature ovarian aging or failure. Seizures.
#92 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Girls with triple X syndrome also may have delayed development of their social, language, and learning skills. They also can have problems with reading and understanding math, and may have mild delays with coordination. […] Girls with triple X syndrome may develop anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These problems might ease as they get older and reach adulthood. Otherwise, treatment can help manage them. […] Less often, girls might have abnormal development of the ovaries and/or uterus, a delayed or early onset of puberty, and problems with fertility. Rarely, a girl may develop kidney and heart problems, frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs), stomach pain, constipation, flat feet, and an abnormally shaped chest wall and ribcage (called pectus excavatum).
#93 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Girls with triple X syndrome also may have delayed development of their social, language, and learning skills. They also can have problems with reading and understanding math, and may have mild delays with coordination. […] Girls with triple X syndrome may develop anxiety, depression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These problems might ease as they get older and reach adulthood. Otherwise, treatment can help manage them. […] Less often, girls might have abnormal development of the ovaries and/or uterus, a delayed or early onset of puberty, and problems with fertility. Rarely, a girl may develop kidney and heart problems, frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs), stomach pain, constipation, flat feet, and an abnormally shaped chest wall and ribcage (called pectus excavatum).
#94 Triple X syndrome: Symptoms, chromosomes, diagnosis, and treatment
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/187322
Triple X syndrome occurs in girls when they have three X chromosomes, instead of two. […] Some people have no symptoms at all, but some may have mild or severe symptoms. Symptoms vary from one person to another. […] If signs or symptoms do occur, they may include: Slightly taller stature. Slightly smaller head. A vertical fold of skin that comes down across the inner angle of the eye. Abnormally curved pinky fingers. Developmental issues such as delayed language skills and delayed motor skills, which can result in poor coordination, awkwardness, and clumsiness. Behavioral and emotional difficulties. […] More rare symptoms include: seizures, kidney problems, abnormalities of the ovaries, late or early puberty, flat feet, abnormal breast bone, abdominal pains, constipation, heart abnormalities, susceptibility to urinary tract infections.
#95 What Is Triple X Syndrome?
https://www.webmd.com/children/what-is-triple-x-syndrome
Many girls and women with triple X syndrome have mild symptoms or dont experience any symptoms at all. People with triple X syndrome that affects all of their cells or a higher percentage of their cells are more likely to have more severe or obvious symptoms. […] Triple X syndrome symptoms can include: Very long legs and above average height, Widened space between the eyes, Epicanthal folds (skin folds that cover the inner corners of the eyes), Flat feet, Curved or bent pinky fingers, Abnormal breastbone shape, Seizures, Malformed kidneys and ovaries, Heart irregularities, Fertility problems and early ovarian failure, Hypothyroidism or other autoimmune conditions. […] Women and girls with a triple X chromosome also might have a greater risk of developmental, learning, and psychological problems such as: Anxiety, Depression, Low self-esteem, Attention-deficit disorder, Learning difficulties and lower IQ compared to siblings, Difficulty communicating and interacting socially.
#96 What Is Triple X Syndrome? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
https://www.everydayhealth.com/triple-x-syndrome/guide/
Seizures or kidney abnormalities such as having a single kidney, or a malformed one are possible, but occur less often. There have also been cases of heart abnormalities in women with triple X syndrome. […] Women who have the mosaic form of triple X syndrome they have 46,XX chromosomes in some of their cells are thought to have milder signs and symptoms of the disorder, per past research. […] Women with triple X syndrome can be a little more likely to experience health problems than women without the condition, but these issues vary greatly from person to person. […] Theres some evidence that autoimmune disorders, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, are associated with trisomy X. […] Girls and women with triple X syndrome tend to be more prone to mood disorders like anxiety or depression, and can benefit from counseling and support groups.
#97 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2987225/
The developmental and clinical aspects in the literature on triple X syndrome are reviewed. […] At birth, 47,XXX girls have a lower mean birth weight and a smaller head circumference. […] Toddlers with triple X syndrome show delayed language development. […] EEG abnormalities seem to be rather common. […] Many girls show motor-coordination problems and auditory-processing disorders are not rare. […] Scoliosis is probably more common in adolescent cases. […] The IQ levels are 20 points below that of controls, and verbal IQ is lowest. […] The girls struggle with low self-esteem and they need psychological, behavioural and educational support. […] In adults, premature ovarian failure seems to be more prevalent than in controls. […] MRIs of the brain seem to show decreased brain volumes.
#98 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
The developmental and clinical aspects in the literature on triple X syndrome are reviewed. […] At birth, 47,XXX girls have a lower mean birth weight and a smaller head circumference. […] Toddlers with triple X syndrome show delayed language development. […] EEG abnormalities seem to be rather common. Many girls show motor-coordination problems and auditory-processing disorders are not rare. […] The IQ levels are 20 points below that of controls, and verbal IQ is lowest. […] The girls struggle with low self-esteem and they need psychological, behavioural and educational support. […] In adults, premature ovarian failure seems to be more prevalent than in controls. […] MRIs of the brain seem to show decreased brain volumes. […] Psychotic illness seems to be more prevalent in triple X adult women than in controls.
#99 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2987225/
The developmental and clinical aspects in the literature on triple X syndrome are reviewed. […] At birth, 47,XXX girls have a lower mean birth weight and a smaller head circumference. […] Toddlers with triple X syndrome show delayed language development. […] EEG abnormalities seem to be rather common. […] Many girls show motor-coordination problems and auditory-processing disorders are not rare. […] Scoliosis is probably more common in adolescent cases. […] The IQ levels are 20 points below that of controls, and verbal IQ is lowest. […] The girls struggle with low self-esteem and they need psychological, behavioural and educational support. […] In adults, premature ovarian failure seems to be more prevalent than in controls. […] MRIs of the brain seem to show decreased brain volumes.
#100 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
The developmental and clinical aspects in the literature on triple X syndrome are reviewed. […] At birth, 47,XXX girls have a lower mean birth weight and a smaller head circumference. […] Toddlers with triple X syndrome show delayed language development. […] EEG abnormalities seem to be rather common. Many girls show motor-coordination problems and auditory-processing disorders are not rare. […] The IQ levels are 20 points below that of controls, and verbal IQ is lowest. […] The girls struggle with low self-esteem and they need psychological, behavioural and educational support. […] In adults, premature ovarian failure seems to be more prevalent than in controls. […] MRIs of the brain seem to show decreased brain volumes. […] Psychotic illness seems to be more prevalent in triple X adult women than in controls.
#101 Triple X Syndrome: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17892-triple-x-syndrome
For many people, triple X syndrome doesnt have a huge impact on their lives. In general, early diagnosis and intervention can help to reduce the impact of developmental delays. Children should have regular medical checkups and their growth and progress should be monitored. Since symptoms can vary widely, you should get a comprehensive evaluation to determine your specific needs. […] Triple X syndrome doesnt really impact life expectancy, but some of the related conditions may. For the most part, people with triple X syndrome live as long as those with two X chromosomes.
#102 What Is Triple X Syndrome? Causes, Symptoms, And Treatment Measures | OnlyMyHealth
https://www.onlymyhealth.com/what-is-triple-x-syndrome-causes-symptoms-diagnosis-treatment-1727423084
Periodic assessments by a healthcare provider can ensure that any physical, emotional, or developmental issues are addressed promptly. Since many girls with Triple X syndrome experience learning disabilities or speech delays, ongoing support from educators, speech therapists, and occupational therapists may be required. […] With appropriate support and treatment, most girls and women with Triple X syndrome lead healthy and fulfilling lives. Early diagnosis and intervention can help manage developmental delays and behavioural challenges, allowing individuals to reach their full potential. Although the condition can present some challenges, many women with Triple X syndrome have normal lifespans and are capable of building careers, families, and relationships.
#103 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
There is no cure for triple X syndrome, but treatments can help with specific symptoms. […] Finding services early is important and can greatly increase how well they help girls live a healthier, more productive life. Options vary greatly depending on how old a girl was when she was diagnosed, whether she has noticeable symptoms, and the severity of those symptoms. […] Early inventions should be considered at infancy for physical therapy, at 15 months for speech delay, at 1st grade for reading and learning issues, and at 3rd grade for anxiety or depression. […] Despite physical differences and other problems, with the right medical care, early intervention, and ongoing support, a girl with triple X syndrome can lead a normal, healthy, and productive life.
#104 Triple X Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More
https://www.healthline.com/health/triple-x-syndrome
There is no cure for triple X syndrome. A girl born with the disorder will always have a third X chromosome. Treatment involves providing support for girls and women to manage their symptoms. […] Experts agree that girls who receive early intervention can perform just as well as girls without the condition. Those diagnosed with triple X syndrome should also be monitored by their healthcare provider. Some females with the disorder can have heart and kidney problems. […] Triple X isnt uncommon, but its symptoms can be so mild and subtle that its often undiagnosed. When a girl isnt meeting developmental milestones, triple X syndrome should be investigated. A team of specialists is best equipped to handle the condition. Starting treatments like speech and physical therapy and counseling early can head off problems later. Most girls with triple X can lead normal, healthy lives, especially when theyre diagnosed and treated early.
#105 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2987225/
The developmental and clinical aspects in the literature on triple X syndrome are reviewed. […] At birth, 47,XXX girls have a lower mean birth weight and a smaller head circumference. […] Toddlers with triple X syndrome show delayed language development. […] EEG abnormalities seem to be rather common. […] Many girls show motor-coordination problems and auditory-processing disorders are not rare. […] Scoliosis is probably more common in adolescent cases. […] The IQ levels are 20 points below that of controls, and verbal IQ is lowest. […] The girls struggle with low self-esteem and they need psychological, behavioural and educational support. […] In adults, premature ovarian failure seems to be more prevalent than in controls. […] MRIs of the brain seem to show decreased brain volumes.
#106 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
The developmental and clinical aspects in the literature on triple X syndrome are reviewed. […] At birth, 47,XXX girls have a lower mean birth weight and a smaller head circumference. […] Toddlers with triple X syndrome show delayed language development. […] EEG abnormalities seem to be rather common. Many girls show motor-coordination problems and auditory-processing disorders are not rare. […] The IQ levels are 20 points below that of controls, and verbal IQ is lowest. […] The girls struggle with low self-esteem and they need psychological, behavioural and educational support. […] In adults, premature ovarian failure seems to be more prevalent than in controls. […] MRIs of the brain seem to show decreased brain volumes. […] Psychotic illness seems to be more prevalent in triple X adult women than in controls.
#107 What Is Triple X Syndrome? Causes, Symptoms, And Treatment Measures | OnlyMyHealth
https://www.onlymyhealth.com/what-is-triple-x-syndrome-causes-symptoms-diagnosis-treatment-1727423084
The symptoms of Triple X syndrome can vary greatly, and some individuals may not experience any noticeable symptoms at all. Many girls and women with Triple X syndrome may be unaware of the condition unless they undergo genetic testing for unrelated reasons. According to the Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases (OJRD), it is estimated that only 10% of females with the condition are ever diagnosed. […] Here are some common signs and symptoms as listed by Dr Balakrishna: […] Delays in speech and language development […] Learning disabilities, particularly in reading and maths […] Mild cognitive impairments (though many have normal intelligence) […] Tall stature, with long legs […] Delayed motor skill development, such as sitting or walking […] Weak muscle tone (hypotonia) during infancy
#108 Triple X syndrome – VALINTERMED treatment in Valencia
https://valintermed.com/en/medlibrary/triple-h-chromosomal-syndrome/
Monitoring of patients with triple X syndrome includes regular follow-up examinations aimed at identifying and managing potential complications. The prognosis for most women with this syndrome is generally good, especially with early recognition and implementation of appropriate therapeutic interventions. Complications may include learning difficulties and reproductive problems, which require ongoing monitoring and support. […] Triple X syndrome can present differently depending on age. Infants and young children may have delays in psychomotor development and learning difficulties. Reproductive problems may occur during adolescence. As adults, women often lead normal lives, although they may experience mental health or reproductive health problems.
#109 What Is Triple X Syndrome? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
https://www.everydayhealth.com/triple-x-syndrome/guide/
Triple X syndrome is a lifelong condition, but some of its symptoms such as motor skill delays appear earlier in childhood. Early intervention strategies, like speech therapy, physical therapy, and occupational therapy, can help some girls with trisomy X catch up to their peers or reach their full potential. […] Some females dont have any symptoms of trisomy X, or only experience minor symptoms. Others will develop physical, behavioral, or emotional complications during adulthood or adolescence. […] Some women with triple X syndrome can have premature ovarian failure, which can cause infertility issues or lead to early menopause.
#110 Triple X Syndrome | Rady Children’s Hospital
https://www.rchsd.org/health-article/triple-x-syndrome/
There is no cure for triple X syndrome, but treatments can help with specific symptoms. […] Finding services early is important and can greatly increase how well they help girls live a healthier, more productive life. Options vary greatly depending on how old a girl was when she was diagnosed, whether she has noticeable symptoms, and the severity of those symptoms. […] Early inventions should be considered at infancy for physical therapy, at 15 months for speech delay, at 1st grade for reading and learning issues, and at 3rd grade for anxiety or depression. […] Girls with triple X syndrome can develop speech, learning, or social challenges at a young age. This can make them more likely to have low self-esteem and lead to school or social problems. […] Despite physical differences and other problems, with the right medical care, early intervention, and ongoing support, a girl with triple X syndrome can lead a normal, healthy, and productive life.
#111 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
There is no cure for triple X syndrome, but treatments can help with specific symptoms. […] Finding services early is important and can greatly increase how well they help girls live a healthier, more productive life. Options vary greatly depending on how old a girl was when she was diagnosed, whether she has noticeable symptoms, and the severity of those symptoms. […] Early inventions should be considered at infancy for physical therapy, at 15 months for speech delay, at 1st grade for reading and learning issues, and at 3rd grade for anxiety or depression. […] Despite physical differences and other problems, with the right medical care, early intervention, and ongoing support, a girl with triple X syndrome can lead a normal, healthy, and productive life.
#112 Triple X Syndrome | Rady Children’s Hospital
https://www.rchsd.org/health-article/triple-x-syndrome/
There is no cure for triple X syndrome, but treatments can help with specific symptoms. […] Finding services early is important and can greatly increase how well they help girls live a healthier, more productive life. Options vary greatly depending on how old a girl was when she was diagnosed, whether she has noticeable symptoms, and the severity of those symptoms. […] Early inventions should be considered at infancy for physical therapy, at 15 months for speech delay, at 1st grade for reading and learning issues, and at 3rd grade for anxiety or depression. […] Girls with triple X syndrome can develop speech, learning, or social challenges at a young age. This can make them more likely to have low self-esteem and lead to school or social problems. […] Despite physical differences and other problems, with the right medical care, early intervention, and ongoing support, a girl with triple X syndrome can lead a normal, healthy, and productive life.
#113 Triple-X syndrome | Information & Support | Contact
https://contact.org.uk/conditions/triple-x-syndrome/
Triple-X syndrome is a chromosomal condition which occurs only in females. A female affected by triple-X syndrome has an XX pair of chromosomes, as well as additional X chromosome, resulting in the formation of XXX. The effect of having an extra X chromosome can be very varied. Some females with triple-X syndrome show no, or very few, symptoms and are entirely ânormalâ, whilst others have a lot of typical features. At birth, girls with triple-X syndrome are usually normally developed, although babies may be floppy (hypotonic) and weight may be slightly lower than average. Many girls have a âgrowth spurtâ up until the age of eight years and women tend to be a little taller than average. With the âfull blownâ condition, girls with triple-X syndrome are at risk of delays in neuromotor development, which can lead to coordination problems including both gross motor skills and/or fine motor skills. Learning ability and/or impaired social relationship skills may also be present. Behavioural problems including tantrums, shyness and emotional immaturity are rather more frequent than in girls with XX chromosomes. Delays in speech and language development are frequent. Sexual development is normal and triple-X women are fertile though there is a slight increased risk of sex chromosome changes in their children. Individuals with triple-X syndrome have no increased risk of any diseases during childhood or in adult life.
#114 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2987225/
Psychotic illness seems to be more prevalent in triple X adult women than in controls. […] Triple X adults suffer more frequently from cyclothymic and labile personality traits. […] The youngest girls show accelerated growth until puberty. […] After leaving school they seem to feel better. […] The physical phenotype shows earlier growth and longer legs. […] The behavioural phenotype often shows auditory processing disorders, disorders in language development and problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] Psychiatric disorders seem to be more common in triple X syndrome. […] Quality of life seems to increase after leaving school. […] The girls showed short-term memory and recall problems. […] Their behaviour was more masculine and more impulsive in several cases.
#115 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
There is no cure for triple X syndrome, but treatments can help with specific symptoms. […] Finding services early is important and can greatly increase how well they help girls live a healthier, more productive life. Options vary greatly depending on how old a girl was when she was diagnosed, whether she has noticeable symptoms, and the severity of those symptoms. […] Early inventions should be considered at infancy for physical therapy, at 15 months for speech delay, at 1st grade for reading and learning issues, and at 3rd grade for anxiety or depression. […] Despite physical differences and other problems, with the right medical care, early intervention, and ongoing support, a girl with triple X syndrome can lead a normal, healthy, and productive life.
#116 Triple X Syndrome | Rady Children’s Hospital
https://www.rchsd.org/health-article/triple-x-syndrome/
There is no cure for triple X syndrome, but treatments can help with specific symptoms. […] Finding services early is important and can greatly increase how well they help girls live a healthier, more productive life. Options vary greatly depending on how old a girl was when she was diagnosed, whether she has noticeable symptoms, and the severity of those symptoms. […] Early inventions should be considered at infancy for physical therapy, at 15 months for speech delay, at 1st grade for reading and learning issues, and at 3rd grade for anxiety or depression. […] Girls with triple X syndrome can develop speech, learning, or social challenges at a young age. This can make them more likely to have low self-esteem and lead to school or social problems. […] Despite physical differences and other problems, with the right medical care, early intervention, and ongoing support, a girl with triple X syndrome can lead a normal, healthy, and productive life.
#117 Triple X Syndrome â Kidshealth | Akron Children’s
https://www.akronchildrens.org/kidshealth/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Girls with triple X syndrome can develop speech, learning, or social challenges at a young age. This can make them more likely to have low self-esteem and lead to school or social problems. […] Despite physical differences and other problems, with the right medical care, early intervention, and ongoing support, a girl with triple X syndrome can lead a normal, healthy, and productive life.
#118 Triple X Syndrome | Rady Children’s Hospital
https://www.rchsd.org/health-article/triple-x-syndrome/
There is no cure for triple X syndrome, but treatments can help with specific symptoms. […] Finding services early is important and can greatly increase how well they help girls live a healthier, more productive life. Options vary greatly depending on how old a girl was when she was diagnosed, whether she has noticeable symptoms, and the severity of those symptoms. […] Early inventions should be considered at infancy for physical therapy, at 15 months for speech delay, at 1st grade for reading and learning issues, and at 3rd grade for anxiety or depression. […] Girls with triple X syndrome can develop speech, learning, or social challenges at a young age. This can make them more likely to have low self-esteem and lead to school or social problems. […] Despite physical differences and other problems, with the right medical care, early intervention, and ongoing support, a girl with triple X syndrome can lead a normal, healthy, and productive life.
#119 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
There is no cure for triple X syndrome, but treatments can help with specific symptoms. […] Finding services early is important and can greatly increase how well they help girls live a healthier, more productive life. Options vary greatly depending on how old a girl was when she was diagnosed, whether she has noticeable symptoms, and the severity of those symptoms. […] Early inventions should be considered at infancy for physical therapy, at 15 months for speech delay, at 1st grade for reading and learning issues, and at 3rd grade for anxiety or depression. […] Despite physical differences and other problems, with the right medical care, early intervention, and ongoing support, a girl with triple X syndrome can lead a normal, healthy, and productive life.
#120 Triple X Syndrome | Rady Children’s Hospital
https://www.rchsd.org/health-article/triple-x-syndrome/
There is no cure for triple X syndrome, but treatments can help with specific symptoms. […] Finding services early is important and can greatly increase how well they help girls live a healthier, more productive life. Options vary greatly depending on how old a girl was when she was diagnosed, whether she has noticeable symptoms, and the severity of those symptoms. […] Early inventions should be considered at infancy for physical therapy, at 15 months for speech delay, at 1st grade for reading and learning issues, and at 3rd grade for anxiety or depression. […] Girls with triple X syndrome can develop speech, learning, or social challenges at a young age. This can make them more likely to have low self-esteem and lead to school or social problems. […] Despite physical differences and other problems, with the right medical care, early intervention, and ongoing support, a girl with triple X syndrome can lead a normal, healthy, and productive life.
#121 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
There is no cure for triple X syndrome, but treatments can help with specific symptoms. […] Finding services early is important and can greatly increase how well they help girls live a healthier, more productive life. Options vary greatly depending on how old a girl was when she was diagnosed, whether she has noticeable symptoms, and the severity of those symptoms. […] Early inventions should be considered at infancy for physical therapy, at 15 months for speech delay, at 1st grade for reading and learning issues, and at 3rd grade for anxiety or depression. […] Despite physical differences and other problems, with the right medical care, early intervention, and ongoing support, a girl with triple X syndrome can lead a normal, healthy, and productive life.
#122 Triple X Syndrome | Rady Children’s Hospital
https://www.rchsd.org/health-article/triple-x-syndrome/
There is no cure for triple X syndrome, but treatments can help with specific symptoms. […] Finding services early is important and can greatly increase how well they help girls live a healthier, more productive life. Options vary greatly depending on how old a girl was when she was diagnosed, whether she has noticeable symptoms, and the severity of those symptoms. […] Early inventions should be considered at infancy for physical therapy, at 15 months for speech delay, at 1st grade for reading and learning issues, and at 3rd grade for anxiety or depression. […] Girls with triple X syndrome can develop speech, learning, or social challenges at a young age. This can make them more likely to have low self-esteem and lead to school or social problems. […] Despite physical differences and other problems, with the right medical care, early intervention, and ongoing support, a girl with triple X syndrome can lead a normal, healthy, and productive life.
#123 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2987225/
The developmental and clinical aspects in the literature on triple X syndrome are reviewed. […] At birth, 47,XXX girls have a lower mean birth weight and a smaller head circumference. […] Toddlers with triple X syndrome show delayed language development. […] EEG abnormalities seem to be rather common. […] Many girls show motor-coordination problems and auditory-processing disorders are not rare. […] Scoliosis is probably more common in adolescent cases. […] The IQ levels are 20 points below that of controls, and verbal IQ is lowest. […] The girls struggle with low self-esteem and they need psychological, behavioural and educational support. […] In adults, premature ovarian failure seems to be more prevalent than in controls. […] MRIs of the brain seem to show decreased brain volumes.
#124 Triple X syndrome – VALINTERMED treatment in Valencia
https://valintermed.com/en/medlibrary/triple-h-chromosomal-syndrome/
Monitoring of patients with triple X syndrome includes regular follow-up examinations aimed at identifying and managing potential complications. The prognosis for most women with this syndrome is generally good, especially with early recognition and implementation of appropriate therapeutic interventions. Complications may include learning difficulties and reproductive problems, which require ongoing monitoring and support. […] Triple X syndrome can present differently depending on age. Infants and young children may have delays in psychomotor development and learning difficulties. Reproductive problems may occur during adolescence. As adults, women often lead normal lives, although they may experience mental health or reproductive health problems.
#125 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
Psychotic disorders respond well to psychotropic drugs. […] Triple X adults suffer more frequently from cyclothymic and labile personality traits. […] The physical phenotype shows earlier growth and longer legs. […] The behavioural phenotype often shows auditory processing disorders, disorders in language development and problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] Psychiatric disorders seem to be more common in triple X syndrome. […] Quality of life seems to increase after leaving school. […] The youngest cases seem to suffer from a delay in language development. […] Auditory-processing disorders may be responsible for this delay. […] This might explain some of the problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] The teenage 47,XXX girls show an earlier growth spurt and a somewhat lower weight than height percentile, significantly smaller head circumferences, shorter hands and feet, and with longer tibiae and underarms than in the controls.
#126 Trisomy X – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trisomy_X
Tall stature, skeletal anomalies, minor neurocognitive and behavioural difficulties […] Those who have symptoms can have learning disabilities, mild dysmorphic features such as hypertelorism (wide-spaced eyes) and clinodactyly (incurved little fingers), early menopause, and increased height. […] Symptoms associated with trisomy X include tall stature, mild developmental delay, subtle physical and skeletal anomalies, increased rates of mental health concerns, and earlier age of menopause. […] The physical and physiological impacts of trisomy X tend to be subtle. […] Minor skeletal and craniofacial anomalies are associated with trisomy X. […] Severe internal disease is rare in trisomy X. […] Puberty starts around the expected age and progresses as normal. […] General cognitive functioning is reduced in trisomy X, with an average intelligence quotient of 85-90.
#127
https://www.nni.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/triple-x-syndrome
Triple X syndrome is a chromosomal condition caused by the presence of an additional X chromosome in females. The symptoms vary, although many girls and women do not show any symptoms or experience mild symptoms. […] The features of triple X syndrome can vary widely and it is important to note that not all the features described will be seen in your child. Some girls and women with triple X syndrome have minimal or no symptoms. […] Other medical problems may include: Cardiovascular (heart and blood vessels). Congenital heart disease (occurs in 0.8% similar to population prevalence numbers). Endocrine. Delayed or early puberty. However, most girls and women with triple X syndrome have normal pubertal development and can conceive children. Kidney. Structural abnormalities of the kidney can occur, although it is rare. […] Most girls and women with triple X syndrome lead normal lives. They go to mainstream schools, have jobs and children and live to an old age.
#128 Triple X Syndrome â Kidshealth | Akron Children’s
https://www.akronchildrens.org/kidshealth/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Girls with triple X syndrome can develop speech, learning, or social challenges at a young age. This can make them more likely to have low self-esteem and lead to school or social problems. […] Despite physical differences and other problems, with the right medical care, early intervention, and ongoing support, a girl with triple X syndrome can lead a normal, healthy, and productive life.
#129 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2987225/
Psychotic illness seems to be more prevalent in triple X adult women than in controls. […] Triple X adults suffer more frequently from cyclothymic and labile personality traits. […] The youngest girls show accelerated growth until puberty. […] After leaving school they seem to feel better. […] The physical phenotype shows earlier growth and longer legs. […] The behavioural phenotype often shows auditory processing disorders, disorders in language development and problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] Psychiatric disorders seem to be more common in triple X syndrome. […] Quality of life seems to increase after leaving school. […] The girls showed short-term memory and recall problems. […] Their behaviour was more masculine and more impulsive in several cases.
#130 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
Psychotic disorders respond well to psychotropic drugs. […] Triple X adults suffer more frequently from cyclothymic and labile personality traits. […] The physical phenotype shows earlier growth and longer legs. […] The behavioural phenotype often shows auditory processing disorders, disorders in language development and problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] Psychiatric disorders seem to be more common in triple X syndrome. […] Quality of life seems to increase after leaving school. […] The youngest cases seem to suffer from a delay in language development. […] Auditory-processing disorders may be responsible for this delay. […] This might explain some of the problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] The teenage 47,XXX girls show an earlier growth spurt and a somewhat lower weight than height percentile, significantly smaller head circumferences, shorter hands and feet, and with longer tibiae and underarms than in the controls.
#131 Trisomy X – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trisomy_X
Though intellectual disability is rare, it is more prevalent than in the general population, occurring in about 5-10% of females with trisomy X compared to approximately 1% of the broader population. […] More than 75% experience learning disabilities, frequently related to reading skills, but expressive language skills tend to be more affected than receptive skills. […] Impaired social regulation is more common in trisomy X, and is in part dependent on emotional dysregulation but also dependent on environmental factors. […] Some mental health issues are more frequent in women with trisomy X. […] The prognosis of trisomy X is broadly good, with adult independence most often achieved, if delayed. […] Most adults achieve normal life outcomes, pursuing education, employment, or homemaking. […] Physical health is generally good and many women with trisomy X live into old age. […] Women with trisomy X who were diagnosed prenatally have better outcomes as a group than those diagnosed postnatally.
#132 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2987225/
The developmental and clinical aspects in the literature on triple X syndrome are reviewed. […] At birth, 47,XXX girls have a lower mean birth weight and a smaller head circumference. […] Toddlers with triple X syndrome show delayed language development. […] EEG abnormalities seem to be rather common. […] Many girls show motor-coordination problems and auditory-processing disorders are not rare. […] Scoliosis is probably more common in adolescent cases. […] The IQ levels are 20 points below that of controls, and verbal IQ is lowest. […] The girls struggle with low self-esteem and they need psychological, behavioural and educational support. […] In adults, premature ovarian failure seems to be more prevalent than in controls. […] MRIs of the brain seem to show decreased brain volumes.
#133 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
The developmental and clinical aspects in the literature on triple X syndrome are reviewed. […] At birth, 47,XXX girls have a lower mean birth weight and a smaller head circumference. […] Toddlers with triple X syndrome show delayed language development. […] EEG abnormalities seem to be rather common. Many girls show motor-coordination problems and auditory-processing disorders are not rare. […] The IQ levels are 20 points below that of controls, and verbal IQ is lowest. […] The girls struggle with low self-esteem and they need psychological, behavioural and educational support. […] In adults, premature ovarian failure seems to be more prevalent than in controls. […] MRIs of the brain seem to show decreased brain volumes. […] Psychotic illness seems to be more prevalent in triple X adult women than in controls.
#134 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
Data on intelligence in 35 cases and 29 controls showed lower full-scale IQ’s (cases=90.06 vs controls=108.40), verbal IQ’s (cases=86.63 vs controls=105.64) and performance IQ’s (cases=95.16 vs controls=109.60), with significantly lower verbal IQ’s than performance IQ’s. […] The psychosocial adaptation seemed to be reasonably good, with 25 of 37 showing no behavioural problems. […] Several research groups again reported poor interpersonal relationships and sensitivity to a stressful home life. […] The adult 47,XXX women showed normal female sexual development and 9 out of 37 delivered a chromosomally normal child. […] Intelligence tended to cluster in the lower levels of normal intelligence, being significantly lower than their siblings. […] The verbal IQ levels continued to be lower than the performance IQ levels and expressive language continued to be poor.
#135 TRIPLE X SYNDROME (TRISOMY X)
https://medicover-genetics.com/product/triple-x-syndrome/
Triple X syndrome is characterized by a trisomy of the X chromosome. Apart from an above-average height, patients may not show any significant physical symptoms. […] The main symptom is above-average height. Approximately 70% of women are fertile, but some have menstrual irregularities and premature menopause. Intelligence may be 10-15 points below the family average. There may be a delay in speech development. No increased risk of gonosomal aneuploidies has been described for offspring of triple X women. […] The prevalence of triple X syndrome is reported to be approximately 1:1,000 in female newborns. […] Most women with triple X syndrome are fertile and can have children. […] The main symptom is above-average height. Other symptoms can include menstrual irregularities, premature menopause and speech development delay.
#136 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2987225/
Psychotic illness seems to be more prevalent in triple X adult women than in controls. […] Triple X adults suffer more frequently from cyclothymic and labile personality traits. […] The youngest girls show accelerated growth until puberty. […] After leaving school they seem to feel better. […] The physical phenotype shows earlier growth and longer legs. […] The behavioural phenotype often shows auditory processing disorders, disorders in language development and problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] Psychiatric disorders seem to be more common in triple X syndrome. […] Quality of life seems to increase after leaving school. […] The girls showed short-term memory and recall problems. […] Their behaviour was more masculine and more impulsive in several cases.
#137 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
The developmental and clinical aspects in the literature on triple X syndrome are reviewed. […] At birth, 47,XXX girls have a lower mean birth weight and a smaller head circumference. […] Toddlers with triple X syndrome show delayed language development. […] EEG abnormalities seem to be rather common. Many girls show motor-coordination problems and auditory-processing disorders are not rare. […] The IQ levels are 20 points below that of controls, and verbal IQ is lowest. […] The girls struggle with low self-esteem and they need psychological, behavioural and educational support. […] In adults, premature ovarian failure seems to be more prevalent than in controls. […] MRIs of the brain seem to show decreased brain volumes. […] Psychotic illness seems to be more prevalent in triple X adult women than in controls.
#138 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
Psychotic disorders respond well to psychotropic drugs. […] Triple X adults suffer more frequently from cyclothymic and labile personality traits. […] The physical phenotype shows earlier growth and longer legs. […] The behavioural phenotype often shows auditory processing disorders, disorders in language development and problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] Psychiatric disorders seem to be more common in triple X syndrome. […] Quality of life seems to increase after leaving school. […] The youngest cases seem to suffer from a delay in language development. […] Auditory-processing disorders may be responsible for this delay. […] This might explain some of the problems in forming stable interpersonal relationships. […] The teenage 47,XXX girls show an earlier growth spurt and a somewhat lower weight than height percentile, significantly smaller head circumferences, shorter hands and feet, and with longer tibiae and underarms than in the controls.
#139 Triple X syndrome | Beacon Health System
https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/triple-x-syndrome?content_id=CON-20155325
Although some females may have mild or no symptoms associated with triple X syndrome, others experience developmental, psychological and behavioral problems that may lead to a variety of other issues, including: Work, school, social and relationship problems; Poor self-esteem; Need for additional support or assistance with learning, activities of daily living, school or work.
#140
https://www.amerikanhastanesi.org/mayo-clinic-care-network/mayo-clinic-health-information-library/diseases-conditions/triple-x-syndrome
Flat feet […] Breastbone with an inward bowed shape […] Weak muscle tone (hypotonia) […] Seizures […] Problems with the kidneys […] Ovaries that don’t work properly at a young age (premature ovarian failure). […] Although some females may have mild or no symptoms associated with triple X syndrome, others experience developmental, psychological and behavioral problems that may lead to a variety of other issues, including: […] Work, school, social and relationship problems […] Poor self-esteem […] Need for additional support or assistance with learning, activities of daily living, school or work.
#141 Triple X syndrome | Beacon Health System
https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/triple-x-syndrome?content_id=CON-20155325
Although some females may have mild or no symptoms associated with triple X syndrome, others experience developmental, psychological and behavioral problems that may lead to a variety of other issues, including: Work, school, social and relationship problems; Poor self-esteem; Need for additional support or assistance with learning, activities of daily living, school or work.
#142 Triple X syndrome
https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/t/triple-x-syndrome/
Although some females may have mild or no symptoms associated with triple X syndrome, other girls and women experience developmental, psychological and behavioral problems that may lead to a variety of other issues, including: […] Work, school, social and relationship problems […] Poor self-esteem […] Need for additional support or assistance with learning, activities of daily living, school or work.
#143 Triple X syndrome | Beacon Health System
https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/triple-x-syndrome?content_id=CON-20155325
Although some females may have mild or no symptoms associated with triple X syndrome, others experience developmental, psychological and behavioral problems that may lead to a variety of other issues, including: Work, school, social and relationship problems; Poor self-esteem; Need for additional support or assistance with learning, activities of daily living, school or work.
#144 Triple X syndrome
https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/t/triple-x-syndrome/
Although some females may have mild or no symptoms associated with triple X syndrome, other girls and women experience developmental, psychological and behavioral problems that may lead to a variety of other issues, including: […] Work, school, social and relationship problems […] Poor self-esteem […] Need for additional support or assistance with learning, activities of daily living, school or work.
#145 Triple X syndrome | Beacon Health System
https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/triple-x-syndrome?content_id=CON-20155325
Although some females may have mild or no symptoms associated with triple X syndrome, others experience developmental, psychological and behavioral problems that may lead to a variety of other issues, including: Work, school, social and relationship problems; Poor self-esteem; Need for additional support or assistance with learning, activities of daily living, school or work.
#146 Triple X syndrome
https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/t/triple-x-syndrome/
Although some females may have mild or no symptoms associated with triple X syndrome, other girls and women experience developmental, psychological and behavioral problems that may lead to a variety of other issues, including: […] Work, school, social and relationship problems […] Poor self-esteem […] Need for additional support or assistance with learning, activities of daily living, school or work.
#147 Triple-X syndrome | Information & Support | Contact
https://contact.org.uk/conditions/triple-x-syndrome/
Because many girls with triple X syndrome are healthy and have a normal appearance, they may remain undiagnosed all their lives, or the diagnosis may be discovered while investigating for other reasons. After birth, triple X syndrome can be diagnosed by performing a chromosome analysis on a blood sample. […] Management of the condition involves offering girls and women with appropriate support so they can develop to their full potential. There is no cure for the condition. Girls with triple-X syndrome are at risk of becoming socially isolated, particularly in the face of environmental stressors. A supportive and encouraging environment providing psychological, social and motor stimulation is, therefore, beneficial. Speech and language therapy may be beneficial.
#148 Triple X Syndrome (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
There is no cure for triple X syndrome, but treatments can help with specific symptoms. […] Finding services early is important and can greatly increase how well they help girls live a healthier, more productive life. Options vary greatly depending on how old a girl was when she was diagnosed, whether she has noticeable symptoms, and the severity of those symptoms. […] Early inventions should be considered at infancy for physical therapy, at 15 months for speech delay, at 1st grade for reading and learning issues, and at 3rd grade for anxiety or depression. […] Despite physical differences and other problems, with the right medical care, early intervention, and ongoing support, a girl with triple X syndrome can lead a normal, healthy, and productive life.
#149 Triple X Syndrome â Kidshealth | Akron Children’s
https://www.akronchildrens.org/kidshealth/en/parents/triple-x-syndrome.html
Girls with triple X syndrome can develop speech, learning, or social challenges at a young age. This can make them more likely to have low self-esteem and lead to school or social problems. […] Despite physical differences and other problems, with the right medical care, early intervention, and ongoing support, a girl with triple X syndrome can lead a normal, healthy, and productive life.
#150 Trisomy X – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trisomy_X
Though intellectual disability is rare, it is more prevalent than in the general population, occurring in about 5-10% of females with trisomy X compared to approximately 1% of the broader population. […] More than 75% experience learning disabilities, frequently related to reading skills, but expressive language skills tend to be more affected than receptive skills. […] Impaired social regulation is more common in trisomy X, and is in part dependent on emotional dysregulation but also dependent on environmental factors. […] Some mental health issues are more frequent in women with trisomy X. […] The prognosis of trisomy X is broadly good, with adult independence most often achieved, if delayed. […] Most adults achieve normal life outcomes, pursuing education, employment, or homemaking. […] Physical health is generally good and many women with trisomy X live into old age. […] Women with trisomy X who were diagnosed prenatally have better outcomes as a group than those diagnosed postnatally.
#151
https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/triple-x-syndrome
Triple X syndrome is a chromosomal condition caused by the presence of an additional X chromosome in females. The symptoms vary, although many girls and women do not show any symptoms or experience mild symptoms. […] The features of triple X syndrome can vary widely and it is important to note that not all the features described will be seen in your child. Some girls and women with triple X syndrome have minimal or no symptoms. […] Other medical problems may include: Cardiovascular (heart and blood vessels). Congenital heart disease (occurs in 0.8% similar to population prevalence numbers). Endocrine. Delayed or early puberty. However, most girls and women with triple X syndrome have normal pubertal development and can conceive children. […] It is important to note that although there may be certain differences between girls with triple X syndrome and girls with two X chromosomes, most of these differences are what is often found as normal variation among individuals. […] Most girls and women with triple X syndrome lead normal lives. They go to mainstream schools, have jobs and children and live to an old age.
#152 Triple X Syndrome: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17892-triple-x-syndrome
For many people, triple X syndrome doesnt have a huge impact on their lives. In general, early diagnosis and intervention can help to reduce the impact of developmental delays. Children should have regular medical checkups and their growth and progress should be monitored. Since symptoms can vary widely, you should get a comprehensive evaluation to determine your specific needs. […] Triple X syndrome doesnt really impact life expectancy, but some of the related conditions may. For the most part, people with triple X syndrome live as long as those with two X chromosomes.
#153 What Is Triple X Syndrome? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
https://www.everydayhealth.com/triple-x-syndrome/guide/
Triple X syndrome is a lifelong condition, but some of its symptoms such as motor skill delays appear earlier in childhood. Early intervention strategies, like speech therapy, physical therapy, and occupational therapy, can help some girls with trisomy X catch up to their peers or reach their full potential. […] Some females dont have any symptoms of trisomy X, or only experience minor symptoms. Others will develop physical, behavioral, or emotional complications during adulthood or adolescence. […] Some women with triple X syndrome can have premature ovarian failure, which can cause infertility issues or lead to early menopause.
#154 Triple X syndrome: Symptoms, chromosomes, diagnosis, and treatment
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/187322
Most girls and women with the syndrome have normal sexual development and can conceive children. Very rarely, reproductive issues can arise, including menstrual irregularities, early menstruation, and, occasionally, infertility. […] A person with triple X syndrome does not normally look different from people without the syndrome. Many medical professionals do not regard the condition as a disability. […] If the syndrome is caused by a badly formed egg or sperm, every cell in the body has the extra chromosome. In the mosaic form of triple X syndrome, only a certain number of body cells have the extra chromosome. Symptoms will depend partly on how many body cells have the extra X chromosome. […] Complications can lead to undue stress and anxiety, and eventually psychological problems and social isolation.
#155 Triple X Syndrome – DoveMed
https://www.dovemed.com/trisomy-x-syndrome
Low self-esteem (into womanhood) may be observed […] Premature ovarian failure (POF) […] Epileptic seizures may be noted in some cases […] The severity of Triple X Syndrome is based on this proportion of abnormal to normal cells (or mosaicism). The greater the proportion of abnormal cells to normal cells in the individual, the more severe is the signs and symptoms […] In a majority of Triple X Syndrome cases, the girl child can have a normal quality of life at school, home, and at play […] In most cases, it may be hard to differentiate between females with XX and XXX chromosomes due to the presence of very mild signs and symptoms […] Girls and women who are severely affected may require suitable help and support in order to lead normal lives.
#156 Trisomy X – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trisomy_X
Though intellectual disability is rare, it is more prevalent than in the general population, occurring in about 5-10% of females with trisomy X compared to approximately 1% of the broader population. […] More than 75% experience learning disabilities, frequently related to reading skills, but expressive language skills tend to be more affected than receptive skills. […] Impaired social regulation is more common in trisomy X, and is in part dependent on emotional dysregulation but also dependent on environmental factors. […] Some mental health issues are more frequent in women with trisomy X. […] The prognosis of trisomy X is broadly good, with adult independence most often achieved, if delayed. […] Most adults achieve normal life outcomes, pursuing education, employment, or homemaking. […] Physical health is generally good and many women with trisomy X live into old age. […] Women with trisomy X who were diagnosed prenatally have better outcomes as a group than those diagnosed postnatally.
#157 XXX Chromosome Disorder: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
https://www.apollohospitals.com/diseases-and-conditions/triple-x-syndrome-causes-symptoms-treatment
Also, in most women with the Super Female Syndrome, sexual development is normal, and they can conceive. In rare cases, reproductive abnormalities such as early menstruation, irregularities in periods and others can arise. Very rarely, it may cause infertility. A person with this chromosome disorder does not look different from people who do not have this condition. […] The triple X syndrome affects women in different ways. They are: Delay in the development of motor skills. Delay in developing language and speech skills. Problems with learning. Dyslexia (problems with understanding things, reading). […] A majority of females with XXX syndrome are quite healthy with no apparent signs and symptoms of the disease. Therefore, this disorder goes unnoticed or undiagnosed in some cases, or it is detected only when you go to your doctor for other health issues. In most cases, this condition comes to light when the parents of such female children notice problems with their child’s growth and development. According to research, early detection followed by early intervention can improve the symptoms.
#158 Triple X Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More
https://www.healthline.com/health/triple-x-syndrome
There is no cure for triple X syndrome. A girl born with the disorder will always have a third X chromosome. Treatment involves providing support for girls and women to manage their symptoms. […] Experts agree that girls who receive early intervention can perform just as well as girls without the condition. Those diagnosed with triple X syndrome should also be monitored by their healthcare provider. Some females with the disorder can have heart and kidney problems. […] Triple X isnt uncommon, but its symptoms can be so mild and subtle that its often undiagnosed. When a girl isnt meeting developmental milestones, triple X syndrome should be investigated. A team of specialists is best equipped to handle the condition. Starting treatments like speech and physical therapy and counseling early can head off problems later. Most girls with triple X can lead normal, healthy lives, especially when theyre diagnosed and treated early.
#159 Triple-X syndrome | Information & Support | Contact
https://contact.org.uk/conditions/triple-x-syndrome/
Because many girls with triple X syndrome are healthy and have a normal appearance, they may remain undiagnosed all their lives, or the diagnosis may be discovered while investigating for other reasons. After birth, triple X syndrome can be diagnosed by performing a chromosome analysis on a blood sample. […] Management of the condition involves offering girls and women with appropriate support so they can develop to their full potential. There is no cure for the condition. Girls with triple-X syndrome are at risk of becoming socially isolated, particularly in the face of environmental stressors. A supportive and encouraging environment providing psychological, social and motor stimulation is, therefore, beneficial. Speech and language therapy may be beneficial.
#160 Triple X syndrome: a review of the literature | European Journal of Human Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2009109
Data on intelligence in 35 cases and 29 controls showed lower full-scale IQ’s (cases=90.06 vs controls=108.40), verbal IQ’s (cases=86.63 vs controls=105.64) and performance IQ’s (cases=95.16 vs controls=109.60), with significantly lower verbal IQ’s than performance IQ’s. […] The psychosocial adaptation seemed to be reasonably good, with 25 of 37 showing no behavioural problems. […] Several research groups again reported poor interpersonal relationships and sensitivity to a stressful home life. […] The adult 47,XXX women showed normal female sexual development and 9 out of 37 delivered a chromosomally normal child. […] Intelligence tended to cluster in the lower levels of normal intelligence, being significantly lower than their siblings. […] The verbal IQ levels continued to be lower than the performance IQ levels and expressive language continued to be poor.
#161 Triple X syndrome
http://ask-ahd.ahdubai.com/con-20155325
Poor self-esteem […] Need for additional support or assistance with learning, activities of daily living, school or work. […] If triple X syndrome is suspected based on signs and symptoms, it can be confirmed by genetic testing chromosome analysis using a blood sample. […] The chromosome error that causes triple X syndrome can’t be repaired, so the syndrome itself has no cure. Treatment is based on symptoms and needs. Options that may be helpful include: […] Early intervention services. These services may include speech, occupational, physical or developmental therapy, starting in the early months of life or as soon as needs are identified. […] Educational assistance. If your child has a learning disability, educational help to learn techniques and strategies to be successful in school and daily life can be provided.
#162 Triple X syndrome
http://ask-ahd.ahdubai.com/con-20155325
Supportive environment and counseling. Girls and women with triple X syndrome may be more prone to anxiety, as well as behavioral and emotional problems. […] It’s quite possible for girls and women with triple X syndrome to lead full and happy lives. However, sometimes help and support are needed.
#163 Trisomy X – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trisomy_X
Though intellectual disability is rare, it is more prevalent than in the general population, occurring in about 5-10% of females with trisomy X compared to approximately 1% of the broader population. […] More than 75% experience learning disabilities, frequently related to reading skills, but expressive language skills tend to be more affected than receptive skills. […] Impaired social regulation is more common in trisomy X, and is in part dependent on emotional dysregulation but also dependent on environmental factors. […] Some mental health issues are more frequent in women with trisomy X. […] The prognosis of trisomy X is broadly good, with adult independence most often achieved, if delayed. […] Most adults achieve normal life outcomes, pursuing education, employment, or homemaking. […] Physical health is generally good and many women with trisomy X live into old age. […] Women with trisomy X who were diagnosed prenatally have better outcomes as a group than those diagnosed postnatally.
#164 Triple X Syndrome: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17892-triple-x-syndrome
For many people, triple X syndrome doesnt have a huge impact on their lives. In general, early diagnosis and intervention can help to reduce the impact of developmental delays. Children should have regular medical checkups and their growth and progress should be monitored. Since symptoms can vary widely, you should get a comprehensive evaluation to determine your specific needs. […] Triple X syndrome doesnt really impact life expectancy, but some of the related conditions may. For the most part, people with triple X syndrome live as long as those with two X chromosomes.
#165
https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/triple-x-syndrome
Triple X syndrome is a chromosomal condition caused by the presence of an additional X chromosome in females. The symptoms vary, although many girls and women do not show any symptoms or experience mild symptoms. […] The features of triple X syndrome can vary widely and it is important to note that not all the features described will be seen in your child. Some girls and women with triple X syndrome have minimal or no symptoms. […] Other medical problems may include: Cardiovascular (heart and blood vessels). Congenital heart disease (occurs in 0.8% similar to population prevalence numbers). Endocrine. Delayed or early puberty. However, most girls and women with triple X syndrome have normal pubertal development and can conceive children. […] It is important to note that although there may be certain differences between girls with triple X syndrome and girls with two X chromosomes, most of these differences are what is often found as normal variation among individuals. […] Most girls and women with triple X syndrome lead normal lives. They go to mainstream schools, have jobs and children and live to an old age.
#166 Triple X Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More
https://www.healthline.com/health/triple-x-syndrome
There is no cure for triple X syndrome. A girl born with the disorder will always have a third X chromosome. Treatment involves providing support for girls and women to manage their symptoms. […] Experts agree that girls who receive early intervention can perform just as well as girls without the condition. Those diagnosed with triple X syndrome should also be monitored by their healthcare provider. Some females with the disorder can have heart and kidney problems. […] Triple X isnt uncommon, but its symptoms can be so mild and subtle that its often undiagnosed. When a girl isnt meeting developmental milestones, triple X syndrome should be investigated. A team of specialists is best equipped to handle the condition. Starting treatments like speech and physical therapy and counseling early can head off problems later. Most girls with triple X can lead normal, healthy lives, especially when theyre diagnosed and treated early.
#167 Triple X Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment | Qwark
https://qwarkhealth.com/conditions/triple-x-syndrome
Symptoms that may prompt a doctor to test for Triple X Syndrome include developmental delays or intellectual disability, speech and language delays, tall stature, and delayed or absent puberty. Some individuals with Triple X Syndrome may also have behavioral or emotional difficulties, although these symptoms can be highly variable and not everyone with the condition experiences them. […] The prognosis for Triple X Syndrome can vary based on individual symptoms. Some individuals with Triple X Syndrome may have no noticeable symptoms, while others may experience developmental delays, learning difficulties, or behavioral problems. However, according to the same review article mentioned above, the long-term prognosis for individuals with Triple X Syndrome is generally good, particularly if they receive early intervention and support for any developmental or learning difficulties. […] Early intervention and support for developmental and learning difficulties can improve the prognosis for affected individuals. For example, speech therapy, occupational therapy, and educational support can help children with Triple X Syndrome overcome communication and learning challenges.