Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Social Anxiety Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK555890/

  Social anxiety disorder (SAD) includes the essential feature of marked fear or anxiety of one or more social situations during which the individual may or may not be under scrutiny by others. […] This activity describes the evaluation and treatment of social anxiety disorder and reviews the role of the interprofessional team in managing patients with this condition. […] Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is characterized by excessive fear of embarrassment, humiliation, or rejection when exposed to possible negative evaluation by others when engaged in a public performance or social interaction. It is also known as social phobia. […] With the publication of DSM-5, the diagnostic criteria for SAD have been broadened from previous editions to include fear of acting in a way or showing anxiety symptoms that offend others or lead to rejection in addition to fear of humiliation or embarrassment.

• #2 Social phobia vs. social anxiety: Similarities, differences, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/social-phobia-vs-social-anxiety

  Feeling anxious, fearful, or avoidant about situations that might involve the scrutiny of others can be a part of social anxiety and social phobia. […] Pathological anxiety lays the foundation for anxiety disorders such as social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia. […] Social phobia, which is also known as social anxiety disorder in diagnostic manuals such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR), is a diagnosable mental health disorder. Health experts classify it in the DSM-5-TR as an anxiety disorder involving specific diagnostic criteria and symptoms that cause major impairment in important areas of function. […] The diagnostic criteria for social anxiety disorder include: a persistent anxiety or fear about at least one social situation for 6 months or more; the fear involves negative evaluation from others, such as rejection, humiliation, or embarrassment; the same social situations almost always trigger fear or anxiety; the individual actively tries to avoid the situation; the anxiety or fear is out of proportion to the actual situation or threat; the anxiety or fear causes significant distress or impairs occupational or social functioning.

• #3 Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/social-anxiety-disorder/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353567

  Your health care provider will want to determine whether other conditions may be causing your anxiety or if you have social anxiety disorder along with another physical or mental health disorder. […] Your health care provider may determine a diagnosis based on: […] Criteria listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association. […] DSM-5 criteria for social anxiety disorder include: […] Excessive anxiety that’s out of proportion to the situation. […] Anxiety or distress that interferes with your daily living. […] Fear or anxiety that is not better explained by a medical condition, medication or substance abuse. […] Treatment depends on how much social anxiety disorder affects your ability to function in daily life.

• #4 Social Anxiety Disorder: Symptoms, Tests, Causes & Treatments

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22709-social-anxiety

  A person with social anxiety disorder can have a mild, moderate or extreme form of it. […] No matter which type of social anxiety you have, it’s important to seek treatment because this type of anxiety affects your quality of life. […] Many people with social anxiety disorder don’t try to get help or seek treatment because they think social anxiety is just part of their personality. […] A healthcare provider such as a clinician, psychologist, psychiatrist or therapist can diagnose a person with social anxiety disorder based on the criteria for social anxiety disorder listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) published by the American Psychiatric Association. […] The criteria for social anxiety disorder under the DSM-5 includes: Experiencing continuing, intense fear or anxiety about social situations because you believe you may be judged negatively or humiliated by others.

• #5 Table 16, DSM-IV to DSM-5 Social Phobia/Social Anxiety Disorder Comparison – DSM-5 Changes – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519712/table/ch3.t12/

  A. A marked and persistent fear of one or more social or performance situations in which the person is exposed to unfamiliar people or to possible scrutiny by others. The individual fears that he or she will act in a way (or show anxiety symptoms) that will be humiliating or embarrassing. […] A. Marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations in which the individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others. Examples include social interactions (e.g., having a conversation, meeting unfamiliar people), being observed (e.g., eating or drinking), and performing in front of others (e.g., giving a speech). […] B. Exposure to the feared social situation almost invariably provokes anxiety, which may take the form of a situationally bound or situationally predisposed panic attack. […] C. The social situations almost always provoke fear or anxiety.

• #6 Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia) – PsychDB

  https://www.psychdb.com/anxiety/social-anxiety

  Social Anxiety Disorder (also known as social phobia), is an anxiety disorder characterized by a significant amount of fear in one or more social situations, causing significant distress and impaired ability to function in some aspects of daily life. These fears can be triggered by perceived or actual scrutiny, or negative evaluation from others. […] Marked fear or anxiety about 1 or more social situations in which the individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others. Examples include social interactions (e.g. – having a conversation, meeting unfamiliar people), being observed (e.g. – eating or drinking), and performing in front of others (e.g. – giving a speech). […] The individual fears that he or she will act in a way or show anxiety symptoms that will be negatively evaluated (i.e. – will be humiliating or embarrassing: will lead to rejection or offend others).

• #7

  https://www.pediatriconcall.com/calculators/dsm-5-social-phobia-social-anxiety-disorder

  Marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations in which the individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others. Examples include social interactions (e.g., having a conversation, meeting unfamiliar people), being observed (e.g., eating or drinking), and performing in front of others (e.g., giving a speech). […] The social situations almost always provoke fear or anxiety. […] The fear or anxiety is out of proportion to the actual threat posed by the social situation and to the sociocultural context. […] The social situations are avoided or endured with intense fear or anxiety. […] The fear, anxiety, or avoidance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. […] The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is persistent, typically lasting for 6 months or more.

• #8 300.23 Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia) Symptoms And Related Diagnosis – Senior Care Psychological Consulting

  https://seniorcarepsychological.com/300-23-social-anxiety-disorder-social-phobia-symptoms-and-related-diagnosis/

  The DSM-5 also included a performance only specifier which needs to be experienced for a minimum of six months. […] Individuals diagnosed with social anxiety disorder often have significant insight into the disproportionate fear and anxiety they experience in social situations. […] Social anxiety disorder has only one diagnostic code: 300.23 (F40.10). However, a performance only specifier may also be included with this disorder if it is specifically related to speaking or performing in public. […] The specific symptoms of social anxiety disorder follow below. […] A. Marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations in which the individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others. Examples include social interactions such as having a conversation, meeting unfamiliar people, being observed eating or drinking, and performing in front of others such as giving a speech. B. Individual fears that he or she will act in a way or show anxiety symptoms that will be negatively evaluated such as feeling humiliated or embarrassed or will lead to rejection or offend others. C. The social situations almost always provoke fear or anxiety.

• #9 Table 16, DSM-IV to DSM-5 Social Phobia/Social Anxiety Disorder Comparison – DSM-5 Changes – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519712/table/ch3.t12/

  D. The feared social or performance situations are avoided or else are endured with intense anxiety or distress. […] E. The avoidance, anxious anticipation, or distress in the feared social or performance situation(s) interferes significantly with the persons normal routine, occupational (academic) functioning, or social activities or relationships, or there is marked distress about having the phobia. […] G. The fear, anxiety, or avoidance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. […] F. In individuals under age 18 years, the duration is at least 6 months. […] G. The fear or avoidance is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or a general medical condition and is not better accounted for by another mental disorder (e.g., panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, separation anxiety disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, a pervasive developmental disorder, or schizoid personality disorder).

• #10 Social Anxiety Disorder: Symptoms, Tests, Causes & Treatments

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22709-social-anxiety

  Your healthcare provider or another clinician will likely see if the DSM-5 criteria match your experience by asking questions about your symptoms and history. […] A person typically has to have had symptoms of social anxiety disorder for at least six months in order to be diagnosed. […] Healthcare professionals and psychologists can use certain tools or tests usually a series of questions to learn more about what you’re experiencing to gauge whether or not you could have social anxiety disorder. […] Social anxiety disorder is highly treatable with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and/or medication such as antidepressants (typically selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors also known as SSRIs or beta-blockers). […] Evidence has shown that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and medications like antidepressants are very successful in treating and managing social anxiety disorder.

• #11 Table 16, DSM-IV to DSM-5 Social Phobia/Social Anxiety Disorder Comparison – DSM-5 Changes – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519712/table/ch3.t12/

  H. The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or another medical condition. […] I. The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder, such as panic disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, or autism spectrum disorder. […] J. If another medical condition (e.g., Parkinsons disease, obesity, disfigurement from burns or injury) is present, the fear, anxiety, or avoidance is clearly unrelated or is excessive.

• #12

  https://www.pediatriconcall.com/calculators/dsm-5-social-phobia-social-anxiety-disorder

  The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or another medical condition. […] The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder, such as panic disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, or autism spectrum disorder. […] If another medical condition (e.g., Parkinsons disease, obesity, disfigurement from burns or injury) is present, the fear, anxiety, or avoidance is clearly unrelated or is excessive. […] If the fear is restricted to speaking or performing in public.

• #13 Diagnosis of social anxiety disorder – Mental Health UK

  https://mentalhealth-uk.org/help-and-information/conditions/social-anxiety-disorder/diagnosis/

  If your experience with anxiety is affecting your everyday life, you should make an appointment to speak with your GP. […] A mental health professional will diagnose social anxiety disorder based on criteria in the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD-11) developed by the World Health Organisation.

• #14 Social Phobia | CRUfAD

  https://crufad.org/for-clinicians/social-phobia/

  Social phobia, the fear of being judged negatively, is often not recognised because patients do not like to talk about their fears. […] Social phobia is not uncommon and should be considered whenever someone says that people make me anxious. […] The key feature of social phobia is the fear of being scrutinised or being evaluated negatively by other people. […] According to the World Health Organizations (WHO) International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10th Edition, social phobia is diagnosed when the individual displays the following features: A marked and persistent fear of being scrutinised by others in one or more social or performance situations. […] Exposure to the feared situation causes anxiety and may lead to a panic attack. […] The fear is recognised to be irrational and excessive.

• #15 Social Anxiety Disorder > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/social-anxiety-disorder

  Social anxiety disorder is a type of anxiety disorder that makes people intensely fearful of participating in social situations. […] The diagnosis of social anxiety disorder requires that the symptoms persist for six months or longer. […] Doctors may diagnose social anxiety disorder after learning about a person’s medical history and performing a physical exam to rule out health conditions that may have similar symptoms. […] If the patient acknowledges a fear of social situations, the doctor will ask about their symptoms, including what situations cause fear and anxiety, how they feel when they’re in those situations, and whether their fear or anxiety prevents them from living their life fully. […] During the assessment, they will ask the patient if they avoid social situations and activities.

• #16 What Is Social Anxiety Disorder or Social Phobia?

  https://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/mental-health-social-anxiety-disorder

  Social anxiety disorder prevents you from living your life. You’ll avoid situations that most people consider normal. You might even have a hard time understanding how others can handle them so easily. […] If your social anxiety keeps you from doing things you want or need to do, or from making or keeping friends, you may need treatment. […] Diagnosing SAD requires several steps. Your doctor will conduct a physical exam and review your health history to find out if another health condition or medication can explain your symptoms. They will ask you to describe your symptoms, how often they occur, and in what circumstances. You’ll also go over a list of situations to see if they trigger your symptoms. […] Additionally, your doctor will find out if you meet the criteria for a SAD diagnosis as laid out in the fifth edition of the American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). These are: You experience ongoing and intense fear or anxiety about being judged or humiliated by others in social situations. You avoid social situations because of that fear or anxiety. Enduring such social situations causes intense fear or anxiety. The anxiety or fear you experience is much greater than the situation warrants. Your fear and anxiety about social situations get in the way of your daily life, including work, relationships, school, and other situations. The fear and anxiety you experience can’t be explained by an underlying medical condition, a medication that you take, or a substance abuse problem. […] In most cases, you need to meet the above criteria for at least six months before you receive a diagnosis of social anxiety disorder.

• #17 Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/social-anxiety-disorder/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353567

  For some people, the symptoms of social anxiety disorder may fade over time, and medication can be discontinued. […] Others may need to take medication for years to prevent a relapse. […] Your health care provider or a mental health professional will likely ask you a number of questions. […] How are your symptoms affecting your life, including work and personal relationships? […] Are effective treatments available for this condition? […] With treatment, could I eventually be comfortable in the situations that make me so anxious now?

• #18 Social Anxiety Disorder | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.social-anxiety-disorder.hw177276

  Social anxiety disorder (also called social phobia) is a condition in which a person is extremely anxious about what they will say or do in front of other people. […] To diagnose social anxiety disorder, your doctor will ask about your symptoms and past health. The doctor may ask other questions to see how you are doing emotionally. Blood or urine tests may also be done. They can rule out other medical conditions that can cause similar symptoms (such as hyperthyroidism). […] Treatment of social anxiety disorder includes counseling and sometimes medicine. Whether you need medicine depends on how much the condition affects your daily life. […] To diagnose social anxiety disorder, your doctor will ask about your symptoms and past health. The doctor may ask other questions to see how you are doing emotionally. Blood or urine tests may also be done. They can rule out other medical conditions that can cause similar symptoms (such as hyperthyroidism).

• #19 Social Phobia Workup: Approach Considerations, Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290854-workup

  A severe form of social phobia and avoidant personality disorder, Hikikomori has been associated with adverse cardiovascular consequences including hypertension thus a physical exam and medical testing is important especially for persons with other risk factors such as physical inactivity and obesity. […] Preliminary findings of one study show possible blood biomarkers that may reflect increased risk for Hikikomorilower serum HDL-C in females and lower serum uric acid in maleswhich may reflect an underlying mechanism of oxidative stress and inflammation increasing risk of social phobia. […] Individuals who scored high on a measure of being concerned with halitosis (the Halitosis Consequences Inventory) appeared to be at a higher risk of social anxiety, underscoring the importance of screening if a person presents to a health care professional with complaints of halitosis.

• #20 Social Phobia Workup: Approach Considerations, Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290854-workup

  Basic laboratory studies are prudent to detect contraindications to medication treatment, as well as to screen for comorbid conditions such as anemia, low ferritin levels (especially in the presence of a sleep disorder), and hypothyroidism. […] Neither single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) nor functional MRI (fMRI) is clinically helpful in the diagnosis or treatment response in individuals with social phobia. […] These techniques are also being used investigationally in research protocols; it has been shown that social anxiety is a different disorder from generalized anxiety disorder in terms of symptomology and brain structure. […] In general, social phobia is not associated with mitral valve prolapse, so echocardiography is unnecessary unless clinically indicated because of other symptoms or history.

• #21 Free Social Anxiety Test & Social Phobia Screening | Talkspace

  https://www.talkspace.com/assessments/social-anxiety-test

  Social anxiety disorder is a type of anxiety disorder and is commonly referred to as social phobia. Some common signs of social anxiety disorder include fear of judgment, excessive worries about embarrassment, irrational anxiety, and self-consciousness. Other common symptoms of social anxiety include: […] Although there is no specific medical test to diagnose social anxiety disorder, Talkspaces licensed mental health professionals can make a diagnosis for social phobia by talking with you about your symptoms and behaviors. […] Only a skilled clinician can provide an official diagnosis for social anxiety. […] People commonly confuse social anxiety with shyness. Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a mental health condition characterized by a persistent, intense fear of social situations. […] With effective treatment, people with social anxiety disorder can learn to identify their triggers, find coping strategies, and improve their symptoms.

• #22 Social Anxiety Disorder Diagnosis: Tests, Screening, and Criteria

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/social-anxiety-disorder-diagnosis-5111865

  In the DSM-5, the term „social phobia” was updated to „social anxiety” since phobia does not clearly articulate the degree of impairment caused by this condition. […] To make a diagnosis, a mental health professional (psychiatrist, psychologist, or clinical social worker) will administer a social anxiety assessment, such as LSAS, BSPS, or Severity Measure for Social Anxiety Disorder. […] Social anxiety disorder causes persistent fear and worry during social situations. Previously known as social phobia, it is diagnosed based on criteria in the DSM-5. This includes a marked fear of social situations lasting longer than six months and not related to another medical or mental health condition.

• #23 Comprehensive Social Phobia Test and Anxiety Assessment Tools – The Kingsley Clinic

  https://thekingsleyclinic.com/resources/comprehensive-social-phobia-test-and-anxiety-assessment-tools/

  Social phobia, also known as social anxiety disorder, is a common mental health condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Proper diagnosis of social anxiety disorder is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies, and social phobia inventories play a vital role in this process. […] Social phobia inventories are diagnostic tools used by healthcare professionals to assess the severity of social anxiety symptoms. These tools provide a structured way to evaluate how social anxiety impacts an individual’s life, helping clinicians create targeted treatment plans. […] This article explores the purpose of social phobia inventories, their role in diagnosing social anxiety disorder, and their significance in patient care. […] A social phobia inventory is a standardized questionnaire designed to evaluate the presence and severity of symptoms associated with social anxiety disorder.

• #24 Comprehensive Social Phobia Test and Anxiety Assessment Tools – The Kingsley Clinic

  https://thekingsleyclinic.com/resources/comprehensive-social-phobia-test-and-anxiety-assessment-tools/

  Social phobia inventories are not limited to professional use. Many individuals use them as self-assessment tools to better understand their experiences. […] By using a social anxiety inventory, healthcare providers can identify patterns of fear, avoidance, or distress that may indicate social anxiety disorder. This structured approach ensures patients receive accurate diagnoses and appropriate treatment, enabling them to regain control over their lives. […] Social phobia inventories are essential for several reasons, beginning with their ability to facilitate early detection of social anxiety disorder. Early diagnosis is critical for effective treatment, as it allows healthcare providers to address symptoms before they become more severe. […] These inventories also provide a standardized method for measuring the severity of social anxiety symptoms.

• #25 Comprehensive Social Phobia Test and Anxiety Assessment Tools – The Kingsley Clinic

  https://thekingsleyclinic.com/resources/comprehensive-social-phobia-test-and-anxiety-assessment-tools/

  In addition to aiding diagnosis, social phobia inventories are valuable tools for tracking progress over time. […] Social phobia inventories, such as the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) or the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), are specialized tools designed to assess and diagnose mental health conditions related to social anxiety. […] Social phobia inventories are highly effective in diagnosing SAD. […] The SPIN has a PPV of approximately 88% and an NPV of 90%, making it a reliable tool for identifying individuals with SAD. […] The Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) is a standardized self-assessment tool designed to measure symptoms of social anxiety disorder. […] The SPIN is a screening tool rather than a diagnostic test. It cannot independently confirm a diagnosis of social anxiety disorder.

• #26 Social anxiety disorder – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_anxiety_disorder

  Standardized rating scales such as the Social Phobia Inventory, the SPAI-B, Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale, and the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale can be used to screen for social anxiety disorder and measure the severity of anxiety. […] Although the DSM defines social anxiety disorder as an intense fear or anxiety of social situations, it makes clear a distinction to separate social anxiety disorder from simply social anxiety or social fear. […] The DSM-5 notes that for social anxiety disorder, the fear must be attributed or correlated to social situations and not another condition. […] The DSM-5 notes that performance only type of social anxiety disorder (a subset specific version of this disorder) often affects individuals professional lives of those involved with public speaking or public performing.

• #27 Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia) – PsychDB

  https://www.psychdb.com/anxiety/social-anxiety

  Though not specifically part of the diagnostic criteria, common physical symptoms of social anxiety disorder include: blushing, stammering, sweating, gastrointestinal symptoms, dry mouth, palpitations, trembling, urgency of micturition, and panic attacks. […] The Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) demonstrates solid psychometric properties and shows promise as a measurement for the screening of, and treatment response to, social phobia. […] The Mini-Social Phobia Inventory (Mini-SPIN) is a 3-question screening tool that has a 90% screening accuracy for diagnosing generalized social anxiety. […] The neural mechanisms behind social anxiety disorder is thought to be an interplay between non-specific genetic (neurotic temperament) factors and the environment (e.g. – fear of negative evaluation) interactions. […] Cognitive behavioural therapy with exposure is a first-line, gold-standard treatment for social anxiety disorder. Importantly, the gains from CBT are longer lasting and more enduring than those achieved through medication treatment.

• #28 Social Phobia Differential Diagnoses

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290854-differential

  Social phobia can occur comorbid with other disorders such as major depression and posttraumatic stress disorder. […] The use of diagnostic scales such as the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED) can assist with confirming diagnosis.

• #29 Social Anxiety Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK555890/

  Evaluation of SAD must include its diagnostic criteria as classified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). […] The fear must not be attributable to the effects of a substance or medical condition or the symptoms of a different mental disorder. […] A core feature of SAD is the fear of negative evaluation. […] There is evidence that the items on SPIN capture multiple symptoms of SAD, including fear of negative evaluation, distress as a result of physical symptoms of anxiety, and the fear of uncertainty when in social situations. […] There is a large amount of evidence supporting the efficacy of medications and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in SAD. […] Evidence shows that SAD is highly treatable with either cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or pharmacotherapy in the form of SSRIs and SNRIs or beta-blockers.

• #30 Comprehensive Social Phobia Test and Anxiety Assessment Tools – The Kingsley Clinic

  https://thekingsleyclinic.com/resources/comprehensive-social-phobia-test-and-anxiety-assessment-tools/

  When used as part of a comprehensive diagnostic process, the SPIN is a safe and effective tool. […] The Social Phobia Inventory is a valuable tool for identifying and evaluating symptoms of social anxiety. […] Although the Social Phobia Inventory is a helpful social anxiety screening tool, it does have its limitations. […] For a more thorough understanding of your condition, it is best to use this inventory alongside other social anxiety disorder tests for adults and clinical assessments conducted by a qualified healthcare professional. […] Tools like the Social Phobia Inventory can empower you to better understand your symptoms and take meaningful steps toward improvement.

• #31 Social Anxiety Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK555890/

  SAD must be differentiated from other disorders, including neurodevelopment disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, panic disorder and agoraphobia, depressive disorders, substance-related and addictive disorders, body dysmorphic disorder, and personality disorders such as schizoid personality disorder and avoidant personality disorder. […] Other diagnoses to rule out include hikikomori, an extreme form of social withdrawal lasting more than 6 months, occurring among 1.2% of adults in Japan, and schizophrenia. […] Left untreated, SAD is recognized as a debilitating and highly prevalent disorder that may result in lower educational attainment, worse occupational performance, hampered social interaction, lower-quality relationships, and decreased quality of life. […] Many individuals with SAD are not aware of their mental health problems and, therefore, do not seek treatment. […] Many patients with SAD do not realize they have a treatable illness and, therefore, do not seek treatment. […] Recognition of SAD is poor and requires more effort from healthcare professionals to recognize it, as individuals with the disorder are unlikely to self-report it due to their symptoms.

• #32 Social Anxiety Disorder – Mental Health Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/mental-health-disorders/anxiety-and-stressor-related-disorders/social-anxiety-disorder

  Social anxiety disorder is characterized by fear or anxiety about certain social or performance situations. These situations are often avoided or endured with much distress. […] Doctors diagnose social anxiety disorder when people have fear or anxiety that involves all of the following: Is intense and has been present for 6 months or longer, Concerns one or more social situations, Nearly always occurs in the same situation or situations, Involves fear of a negative evaluation by others, Leads the person to avoid the situation or uncomfortably endure it, Is out of proportion to the actual danger, Causes significant distress or significantly impairs functioning. […] Also, doctors rule out other mental health disorders that can cause similar symptoms, such as agoraphobia, panic disorder, or body dysmorphic disorder.

• #33 Social Anxiety Disorder: Diagnosis and Treatment | CARLAT PUBLISHING

  https://www.thecarlatreport.com/articles/5080-social-anxiety-disorder-diagnosis-and-treatment

  It can be very difficult to distinguish those with severe, chronic, generalized social phobia from those with avoidant personality disorder. […] Finally, it’s important to consider whether social anxiety is better explained by another anxiety or a mood disorder. […] The treatment of SAD can be broadly categorized into two primary approaches: pharmacological treatments and psychotherapy. […] Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT): This is currently the most effective therapeutic approach for treating SAD. […] SAD represents a significant challenge for those who experience it, affecting their daily life, relationships, and performance in various spheres.

• #34 Treatment of social phobia | Advances in Psychiatric Treatment | Cambridge Core

  https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/advances-in-psychiatric-treatment/article/treatment-of-social-phobia/C14381FCAF92BA6E5BD08A820AB33484

  There tend to be two sub-types of social phobia generalised and non-generalised. […] A person afraid of speaking in public would not receive a diagnosis of social phobia if public speaking was not routinely encountered and the person was not particularly distressed about it. […] It is usually the degree of distress or impairment that warrants a diagnosis of social phobia, and the possible indicators need to be considered in the appropriate context. […] Social phobia might be confused with agoraphobia. […] Typical beliefs in an individual with social phobia focus on the perceived negative evaluation by others of revealing a flaw or unacceptable behaviour (for example, the person believes that her hands will shake or she will sound stupid or boring). […] The emotions in social phobia are predominantly those of anxiety and shame, and sometimes self-disgust or anger (which will depend on beliefs and safety behaviours).

• #35 Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/social-anxiety-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20353561

  It’s normal to feel nervous in some social situations. […] But in social anxiety disorder, also called social phobia, everyday interactions cause significant anxiety, self-consciousness and embarrassment because you fear being scrutinized or judged negatively by others. […] In social anxiety disorder, fear and anxiety lead to avoidance that can disrupt your life. […] Social anxiety disorder typically begins in the early to mid-teens, though it can sometimes start in younger children or in adults. […] In contrast to everyday nervousness, social anxiety disorder includes fear, anxiety and avoidance that interfere with relationships, daily routines, work, school or other activities. […] See your doctor or a mental health professional if you fear and avoid normal social situations because they cause embarrassment, worry or panic.

• #36 Social Phobia | CRUfAD

  https://crufad.org/for-clinicians/social-phobia/

  The fear leads to marked distress during exposure to the social situation, or may lead to avoidance of that situation. […] Normal social anxiety or avoidance as experienced by most of the population, such as the fear associated with public speaking, does not necessarily justify a diagnosis of social phobia if the fear does not interfere with the individuals social or occupational functioning. […] Social phobia is as common as panic disorder and agoraphobia. […] If untreated, the disorder typically causes marked impairment in social or occupational functioning. […] Individuals are to be encouraged to avoid using alcohol and sedative medication to control anxiety. […] Considerable expertise is required for effective treatment, particularly in dealing with the individuals beliefs regarding scrutiny by others and negative evaluation. […] Management strategies will depend on an individuals particular problems.

• #37 Social Anxiety – Social Phobia – Causes and Treatment

  https://altacenters.com/addiction-resources/social-anxiety/

  Being shy should never be confused with social anxiety disorder. Comfort level in different situations is often dependent on personality and life experiences. […] Social anxiety, unlike shyness, includes overwhelming fear and avoidance that interfere with your routine, relationships, and other activities. […] If your physical or emotional well-being is compromised by the symptoms of social anxiety, it is time to speak with your doctor. […] Treatment for social anxiety includes talk therapies such as psychoanalysis and cognitive behavior therapies. […] Social anxiety treatment options include psychotherapy, medication, and support groups. Often, all three therapies are used to help in varying ways. […] Psychotherapy can occur individually or within a group. Group psychotherapy, for social anxiety, is an established treatment supported by evidence.

• #38 Social anxiety disorder ICD 10

  https://www.theraplatform.com/blog/1055/social-anxiety-disorder-icd-10

  Further adding to the social anxiety disorder ICD 10 confusion is that certain disorders can present with similar symptoms to social anxiety. […] Comorbidity presents a particular problem for accurate diagnosis and treatment and proper use of social anxiety disorder ICD 10. […] Social anxiety disorder has one of the highest rates of comorbidity of any mental health problem. It is estimated that up to 90 percent of people with the disorder have a co-occurring diagnosis. […] What is disheartening for professionals in the mental health field is that fewer than five percent of people with social anxiety disorder have sought treatment after a year of experiencing symptoms. And that is despite there being many effective treatments: CBT is the most well-researched treatment for social anxiety disorder. […] Social anxiety is a serious, yet treatable, disorder that causes significant impairment for people in social situations. With the right diagnosis and treatment, clients can overcome this sometimes confusing condition.

• #39 Psychiatry.org – What are Anxiety Disorders?

  https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/anxiety-disorders/what-are-anxiety-disorders

  A person with social anxiety disorder has significant anxiety and discomfort about being embarrassed, humiliated, rejected or looked down on in social interactions. People with this disorder will try to avoid the situation or endure it with great anxiety. Common examples are extreme fear of public speaking, meeting new people or eating/drinking in public. The fear or anxiety causes problems with daily functioning and lasts at least six months. […] The first step is to see your doctor to make sure there is no physical problem causing the symptoms. If an anxiety disorder is diagnosed, a mental health professional can work with you on finding the best treatment. Unfortunately, many people with anxiety disorders don’t seek help. They don’t realize that they have a condition for which there are effective treatments.

• #40 Social Anxiety Disorder > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/social-anxiety-disorder

  If a patient is too fearful to discuss their condition with the doctor, a family member may share information on their behalf. […] There are no diagnostic tests for social anxiety disorder. […] The fear, anxiety, or avoidance is persistent, typically lasting for six months or more. […] The most common treatment for social anxiety disorder is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), also known as talk therapy. […] Psychotherapists often rely on CBT to treat patients with social anxiety disorder. […] The therapy involves teaching patients new ways to think about social situations, how to behave in social settings, and how to react to social events, thereby reducing their fears and anxieties. […] Patients with social anxiety disorder who seek treatment can often overcome their feelings of fear and anxiety related to social situations, enabling them to participate more fully and confidently in social events without overwhelming feelings of fear or anxiety.

• #41 Social Anxiety Disorder: A Common, Underrecognized Mental Disorder | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/1999/1115/p2311.html

  Social phobia is a highly prevalent yet often overlooked psychiatric disorder that can cause severe disability but fortunately has shown responsiveness to specific pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. […] Recognition of its essential clinical features and the use of brief, targeted screening questions can improve detection within family practice settings. […] The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. (DSM-IV), describes social phobia as an intense, irrational and persistent fear of being scrutinized or negatively evaluated by others. […] To meet the diagnostic criteria for this disorder, the symptoms must be severe enough to cause significant distress or disability. […] Approximately one half of patients with social phobia have comorbid mental, drug or alcohol problems.

• #42 Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia) DSM-5 300.23 (F40.10)

  https://www.theravive.com/therapedia/social-anxiety-disorder-(social-phobia)-dsm–5-300.23-(f40.10)

  Comorbidity occurs with other anxiety disorders, depression and substance abuse disorders according to the DSM- 5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). […] The DSM-5 notes that overall quality of life can be affected due to social withdrawal and isolation (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). […] There are a number of rule-outs that the clinician must consider to arrive at an accurate diagnosis.

• #43 Social anxiety disorder – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_anxiety_disorder

  Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by sentiments of fear and anxiety in social situations, causing considerable distress and impairing ability to function in at least some aspects of daily life. These fears can be triggered by perceived or actual scrutiny from others. Individuals with social anxiety disorder fear negative evaluations from other people. […] According to ICD-10 guidelines, the main diagnostic criteria of social phobia are fear of being the focus of attention, or fear of behaving in a way that will be embarrassing or humiliating, avoidance and anxiety symptoms. Standardized rating scales can be used to screen for social anxiety disorder and measure the severity of anxiety. […] ICD-10 defines social phobia as fear of scrutiny by other people leading to avoidance of social situations. The anxiety symptoms may present as a complaint of blushing, hand tremor, nausea, or urgency of urination. Symptoms may progress to panic attacks.

• #44 Social anxiety disorder (social phobia) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/social-anxiety-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20353561

  Social anxiety disorder likely arises from a complex interaction of biological and environmental factors. […] Anxiety disorders tend to run in families. […] However, it isn’t entirely clear how much of this may be due to genetics and how much is due to learned behavior. […] Social anxiety disorder symptoms typically start in the teenage years, but meeting new people, giving a speech in public or making an important work presentation may trigger symptoms for the first time. […] Left untreated, social anxiety disorder can control your life. […] Anxieties can interfere with work, school, relationships or enjoyment of life. […] This disorder can cause low self-esteem, trouble being assertive, negative self-talk, hypersensitivity to criticism, poor social skills, isolation and difficult social relationships, low academic and employment achievement, substance abuse, such as drinking too much alcohol, and suicide or suicide attempts. […] There’s no way to predict what will cause someone to develop an anxiety disorder, but you can take steps to reduce the impact of symptoms if you’re anxious. […] Anxiety, like many other mental health conditions, can be harder to treat if you wait.

• #45 Social anxiety disorder: Treatments and tips for managing this challenging condition – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/social-anxiety-disorder-treatments-and-tips-for-managing-this-challenging-condition

  Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also called social phobia, is a common mental health disorder that is estimated to affect up to 7% of adults in the US every year. […] Your doctor can help distinguish social phobia from other anxiety disorders. He or she uses certain criteria to make the diagnosis. You may be diagnosed with social anxiety disorder if you: […] These symptoms must be present for at least six months in order to be diagnosed with the condition. […] If you are concerned you may have SAD, talk with your doctor. Because people who suffer from SAD are at increased risk of developing depression and other mental health problems, proper diagnosis and treatment are important.

• #46 Social Anxiety Disorder: Symptoms, Tests, Causes & Treatments

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22709-social-anxiety

  If left untreated, social anxiety disorder can be debilitating and can result in poor education outcomes, declining job performance, lower-quality relationships and an overall decreased quality of life. […] It’s very important to contact your healthcare provider and seek treatment if you have symptoms of social anxiety.

• #47 Social anxiety disorder: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000957.htm

  The goal of treatment is to help you function effectively. The success of the treatment usually depends on the severity of your fears. […] The outcome is often good with treatment. Antidepressant medicines can also be effective. […] Contact your provider if fear is affecting your work and relationships with others.

• #48 Social Anxiety Disorder Diagnosis: Tests, Screening, and Criteria

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/social-anxiety-disorder-diagnosis-5111865

  Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is a type of anxiety disorder characterized by intense emotional distress around social interactions in which you may be scrutinized by others. […] Mental health professionals diagnose social anxiety disorder by using specific criteria from the „Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition” (DSM-5). The diagnosis can be made by a psychiatrist, psychologist, or clinical social worker. […] Your healthcare provider will use the DSM-5 criteria to determine whether you have social anxiety disorder. The DSM-5 criteria for social anxiety disorder include the following: Marked fear of social situations where the person may be scrutinized by others; examples include conversations with unfamiliar people, eating in front of others, or giving a presentation.

• #49 Social anxiety (social phobia) – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/social-anxiety/

  Social anxiety disorder, also called social phobia, is a long-term and overwhelming fear of social situations. […] It’s important to get help if you are having symptoms. There are treatments that can help you manage it. […] It’s a good idea to see a GP if you think you have social anxiety, especially if it’s having a big impact on your life. […] If they think you could have social anxiety, you’ll be referred to a mental health specialist to have a full assessment and talk about treatments. […] A number of treatments are available for social anxiety. […] CBT is generally considered the best treatment, but other treatments may help if it does not work or you do not want to try it. […] Treatments for social anxiety in children are similar to those for teenagers and adults, although medicines are not normally used.

• #50 Social anxiety disorder – Signs, symptoms and treatment | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/social-anxiety-disorder

  Social anxiety disorder, or social phobia, is an excessive fear of social situations. […] Social anxiety disorder can disrupt your daily life and prevent you from doing things you want to do. […] If you think you have social anxiety disorder, talk to your doctor they can give you advice and refer you to further help. […] A mental health professional can diagnose social anxiety disorder. […] You can be diagnosed with social anxiety disorder if you have had typical symptoms that have caused significant distress for at least 6 months. […] Social anxiety disorder can be treated with psychological therapies (talking therapies). […] Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is a type of psychological therapy. […] While psychological therapies are the most effective treatment, medicines may also be given for severe social anxiety.

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