Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Voice Box Cancer Survival Rate | Throat Cancer Survival Rate | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/laryngeal-and-hypopharyngeal-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/survival-rates.html

  Survival rates can give you an idea of what percentage of people with the same type and stage of cancer are still alive a certain amount of time (usually 5 years) after they were diagnosed. […] Keep in mind that survival rates are estimates and are often based on previous outcomes of large numbers of people who had a specific cancer, but they cant predict what will happen in any particular persons case. […] A relative survival rate compares people with the same type and stage of cancer to people in the overall population. […] The SEER database tracks 5-year relative survival rates for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer in the United States, based on how far the cancer has spread. […] These numbers apply only to the stage of the cancer when it is first diagnosed. They do not apply later on if the cancer grows, spreads, or comes back after treatment. […] People now being diagnosed with laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer may have a better outlook than these numbers show. Treatments improve over time, and these numbers are based on people who were diagnosed and treated at least 5 years earlier.

• #2 Survival Rates for Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/oral-cavity-and-oropharyngeal-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/survival-rates.html

  Survival rates can give you an idea of what percentage of people with the same type and stage of cancer are still alive a certain amount of time (usually 5 years) after they were diagnosed. […] Keep in mind that survival rates are estimates and are often based on previous outcomes of large numbers of people who had a specific cancer, but they cant predict what will happen in any particular persons case. […] These numbers apply only to the stage of the cancer when it is first diagnosed. They do not apply later on if the cancer grows, spreads, or comes back after treatment. […] People now being diagnosed with oral cavity or oropharyngeal cancer may have a better outlook than these numbers show. Treatments improve over time, and these numbers are based on people who were diagnosed and treated at least 5 years earlier.

• #3 Survival and data-driven phenotypes in head and neck cancer | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-89053-6

  Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide, with a 5-year overall survival of 5060%. […] Despite known survival factors, unexpected deaths underscore the need to refine pre-treatment survival predictions. […] This study aimed to identify novel data-driven HNC patient phenotypes, associated features and predict overall survival using deep survival clustering model VaDeSC. […] Our findings demonstrated that clustering pre-treatment clinical survival data offers intuitively interpretable results with accurate individualised predictions. […] Outcome predictions in HNC aim to deepen the understanding of the disease progression and assist clinicians in individualising treatments. […] This study addresses the lack of pre-treatment, phenotypic based overall survival prediction analysis of HNC patients by applying and rigorously validating a deep survival clustering model, VaDeSC.

• #4 Throat Cancer Stages and Survival Rate

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/throat-cancer/stages

  Designing an individualized treatment plan for throat cancer begins with the stage, or progression, of the disease. […] Identifying the stage of cancer not only helps the care team determine a treatment plan, it also helps predict a potential prognosis. This is achieved by calculating the percentage of people with throat cancer who survive five years after diagnosis compared to people who dont have that type of cancer. […] The overall five-year relative survival rate for laryngeal cancer is 61.6 percent, according to the SEER program. […] The overall five-year relative survival rate for oral cavity and pharynx cancer is 68.5 percent, according to the SEER program.

• #5 Can throat cancer be cured? | Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center – Buffalo, NY

  https://www.roswellpark.org/cancertalk/202205/can-throat-cancer-be-cured

  Throat cancer is a broad term that includes several different cancer types occurring in various parts of the throat. […] These cancers can be cured, but survival rates are different for each type of throat cancer, says Kimberly Wooten, MD, Head Neck and Plastic Reconstructive Surgeon at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center. […] Survival for throat cancers depends on the type of cancer as well as the stage and location of the cancer. Overall, The most successful cure rates are in the earlier stages, Dr. Wooten says. […] In later stages, in which the cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes stage 3 the overall five-year survival is around 50%. […] And if it spread to distant areas of the body like lungs, liver or bone stage 4 this survival rate drops to roughly 30%. […] Cancers with high survival include cancers of the vocal cords, as well as cancers of the tonsils and back of the tongue that are related to the human papillomavirus (HPV).

• #6 Can throat cancer be cured? | Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center – Buffalo, NY

  https://www.roswellpark.org/cancertalk/202205/can-throat-cancer-be-cured

  Cancers at the vocal cords have a five-year survival of 80-90%, in part because symptoms are more noticeable, she says, which means these cancers are often caught early. […] The overall five-year survival rate for cancer of the voice box (larynx) is roughly 60%, she says. […] Fortunately, when its caught earlier, in stages 1 and 2, the survival rate is higher, closer to 80 to 90% for same time frame. […] Unfortunately, cancers of the hypopharynx, an area of the throat next to the voice box, are more challenging. These have a much lower five-year survival rate of about 50%, even when caught in the early stages, she says. […] Whether a throat cancer recurs after treatment depends largely on the cancers stage at diagnosis. […] Those that were diagnosed at later stages are more likely to recur.

• #7 Survival statistics for laryngeal cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/laryngeal/prognosis-and-survival/survival-statistics

  Survival statistics for laryngeal cancer are very general estimates and must be interpreted very carefully. Because these statistics are based on the experience of groups of people, they cannot be used to predict a particular persons chances of survival. […] Survival varies with each stage and with the tumour location of laryngeal cancer. Generally, the earlier laryngeal cancer is diagnosed and treated, the better the outcome. […] The 5-year survival rate is the percentage of people who are alive at least 5 years after their cancer diagnosis. But people with this type of cancer may live much longer than 5 years. […] Talk to your doctor about your prognosis. A prognosis depends on many factors, including: your health history, the location of the tumour, the stage, whether or not you continue to smoke, the treatments chosen, how the cancer responds to treatment. […] Only a doctor familiar with these factors can put all of this information together with survival statistics to arrive at a prognosis.

• #8 Laryngeal Cancer: Your Chances for Recovery (Prognosis) | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/laryngeal-cancer-your-chances-recovery-prognosis

  The 5-year relative survival rates for cancers of the larynx (voicebox) are: 77% for cancer that has not spread beyond where it first started, 41% for cancer that has spread to nearby lymph nodes, 34% for cancer that has spread to distant parts of the body. […] You can ask your healthcare provider about survival rates and what you might expect. But remember that statistics are based on large groups of people. They can’t be used to say what will happen to you. No two people are exactly alike. Treatment and how well people respond to treatment will vary.

• #9 Prognosis and survival for laryngeal cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/laryngeal/prognosis-and-survival

  If you have laryngeal cancer, you may have questions about your prognosis. A prognosis is the doctors best estimate of how cancer will affect someone and how it will respond to treatment. Prognosis and survival depend on many factors. Only a doctor familiar with your medical history, the type, stage and characteristics of your cancer, the treatments chosen and the response to treatment can put all of this information together with survival statistics to arrive at a prognosis. […] The stage of laryngeal cancer includes the size of the tumour and how far it has grown into other tissues around the larynx. An earlier stage cancer has a better prognosis than one that is diagnosed at a later stage. […] Cancer that starts in the glottis has a better prognosis than if the cancer starts elsewhere in the larynx.

• #10 Untreated Head and Neck Cancer: Natural history and associated factors

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8970342/

  The study cohort included 6,477 patients who received no treatment. Overall, untreated patients had a median survival of 12 months, with significant variability by site and stage. […] Survival of HNC without treatment is dismal, yet substantial variation exists by tumor site and stage. […] The median survival for untreated patients across the cohort was 12 months (95% CI: 1113 months) compared to 100 months (95% CI: 98103 months) for treated patients. […] Across subsites, hypopharyngeal cancer demonstrated the worst median overall survival of 4 months (95% CI: 44 months) while laryngeal cancer demonstrated the best median overall survival of 21 months (95% CI: 1727). […] Moreover, stage IVc HNC had the worst median overall survival of 3 months (95% CI: 23) while stage I HNC had the best overall survival with greater than 50% overall survival after 10 years. […] In conclusion, about one in fourteen patients with newly diagnosed head and neck cancer are not undergoing oncologic treatment. These patients face dire outcomes, but the variation by stage and site should be used to inform them of their individual prognosis.

• #11 Prognosis and survival for laryngeal cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/laryngeal/prognosis-and-survival

  Cancer that hasnt spread to the lymph nodes in the neck has a better prognosis than cancer that has spread to the lymph nodes. The prognosis is better if the lymph nodes with the cancer are small and if the cancer has spread to lymph nodes on only one side of the neck. […] Tumours that grow inward and deeper into the tissues of the larynx have a poorer prognosis than tumours that grow along the surface of the larynx. […] In general, higher grade tumours tend to spread (metastasize) more readily than lower grade tumours and have a poorer prognosis.

• #12 Tumor Volumes and Prognosis in Laryngeal Cancer

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/7/4/888

  The study found that tumor volume assessment after induction chemotherapy is not of prognostic significance. […] The prognosis of laryngeal cancer depends largely on the stage of presentation, with the single most important factor being the presence of neck node metastases, which reduces long-term survival by 50%. […] Researchers have demonstrated the prognostic value of the TNM staging system in laryngeal cancer. […] The laryngeal staging system has also been used to prognosticate quality of life. […] While the Laryngeal TNM system has been shown to have prognostic information, some have expressed concerns about the weakness of the T-classification, as the cure rates reported in the literature vary. […] Several studies have demonstrated that the current TNM staging systems fails to define the true three-dimensional bulk of head and neck tumors.

• #13 Tumor Volumes and Prognosis in Laryngeal Cancer

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/7/4/888

  Tumor staging systems for laryngeal cancer (LC) have been developed to assist in estimating prognosis after treatment and comparing treatment results across institutions. […] While the laryngeal TNM system has been shown to have prognostic information, varying cure rates in the literature have suggested concern about the accuracy and effectiveness of the T-classification in particular. […] Using multivariable analysis, we demonstrate the significant prognostic value of anatomic volumes in patients with previously untreated laryngeal cancer. […] Interestingly, when anatomic volumes were measured from CT scans after a single cycle of induction chemotherapy, all significant prognosticating value for measured anatomic volumes was lost. […] Given the literature findings and the results of this study, the authors advocate the use of tumor anatomic volumes calculated from pretreatment scans to supplement the TNM staging system in subjects with untreated laryngeal cancer.

• #14 Survival and data-driven phenotypes in head and neck cancer | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-89053-6

  We identified six novel, clinically meaningful HNC patient subgroups with distinct survival patterns, aligning with existing literature while exhibiting improved refinement. […] Younger age, higher BMI and prevalence of sleep apnoea distinguished the phenotypes with improved overall survival outcomes. […] While RSF achieved slightly higher predictive accuracy, VaDeSC offered enhanced interpretability and allowed individualized survival predictions at the time of diagnosis. […] Our results suggest that other features, such as cN stage N0, had a stronger association with overall survival in this patient cohort. […] BMI emerged as an important feature distinguishing clusters with the most favourable survival outcomes, consistent with the literature. […] In this study, sleep apnoea was associated with improved overall survival. […] We observed gender differences in survival outcomes. […] This further emphasizes the relevance of the phenotypes identified in this study.

• #15 Prognosis Prediction in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Radiomics and Clinical Information

  https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/8/1646

  Prognosis prediction in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is affected by its heterogeneous nature. […] The 5-year survival rate in patients with HNSCC is still less than 50% due to late diagnosis and the high risk of disease recurrence. […] Radiomics has been suggested for the further development of personalized treatment of HNSCC. […] Radiomics can potentially identify previously unknown tumor markers to improve prognosis prediction in large datasets. […] The ensemble technique may be combined with radiomic and clinical information for further enhancing the predictive outcome. […] The addition of HPV status information could be important for a prognosis prediction of HNSCC. […] Our radiomic–clinical combined model revealed superior performance when compared to radiomic and clinical factor models alone. […] Further prospective research with a larger sample size is warranted to implement the model for clinical use. […] T stage, age, and disease site were the most important prognostic factors in the clinical factor model.

• #16 Throat or larynx cancer Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/throat-or-larynx-cancer

  Throat cancers may be cured when detected early. If the cancer has not spread (metastasized) to surrounding tissues or lymph nodes in the neck, about one half of patients can be cured. If the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes and parts of the body outside the head and neck, the cancer is not curable. Treatment is aimed at prolonging and improving quality of life. […] It is possible but not fully proven that cancers which test positive for HPV may have better outlooks. Also, people who smoked for less than 10 years may do better. […] The recurrence risk in people with throat cancer is highest during the first 2 to 3 years of diagnosis. […] Regular follow-up after the diagnosis and treatment is very important to increase the chances of survival.

• #17 Creation of a machine learning-based prognostic prediction model for various subtypes of laryngeal cancer | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-56687-x

  RSF is used to evaluate both glottic and non-glottic cancer, and it has a considerable impact on patient prognosis and risk factor prediction. […] Different stages, forms, and treatments of laryngeal cancer have varying chances of survival, and the overall patient’s 5-year relative survival rate is 64%. […] The CoxPH model, which can handle censored and censored data as well as continuous and sub-type variables, is suggested as a solution to the problem of covariable fitting. […] Machine learning-based survival analysis has been increasingly used in recent years to forecast the survival of tumor patients. […] The C-index of two separate subtypes of laryngeal carcinoma RSF reached 0.687 and 0.657, respectively, in the final test set. […] The integrated Brier score (IBS) of their 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year time points is, respectively, 0.116, 0.182, 0.195 (glottic type), and 0.130, 0.215, 0.220 (non-glottic type). […] This demonstrates the RSF model’s high degree of reliability and strengthens our conclusion.

• #18 Creation of a machine learning-based prognostic prediction model for various subtypes of laryngeal cancer | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-56687-x

  Depending on the source of the blastophore, there are various subtypes of laryngeal cancer, each with a unique metastatic risk and prognosis. […] The forecasting of their prognosis is a pressing issue that needs to be resolved. […] We discovered that RSF (Random survival forest) was a superior model for both glottic and non-glottic carcinoma, with a projected concordance index (C-index) of 0.687 for glottic and 0.657 for non-glottic, respectively. […] The integrated Brier score (IBS) of their 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year time points is, respectively, 0.116, 0.182, 0.195 (glottic), and 0.130, 0.215, 0.220 (non-glottic), demonstrating the model’s effective correction. […] For our investigation, we established separate models for glottic carcinoma and non-glottic carcinoma that were most effective at predicting survival.

• #19 Outcome prediction of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by MRI radiomic signatures

  https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/items/af325140-7966-474a-8a3f-f1005da705af

  MRI radiomics can predict overall survival and relapse-free survival in oral and HPV-negative oropharyngeal cancer. […] MRI radiomics provides additional prognostic information to known clinical variables, with the best performance of the combined models. […] Variation in MRI vendors and acquisition protocols did not influence performance of radiomic prognostic models.

• #20 Outcome prediction of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by MRI radiomic signatures

  https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/items/af325140-7966-474a-8a3f-f1005da705af

  Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) shows a remarkable heterogeneity between tumors, which may be captured by a variety of quantitative features extracted from diagnostic images, termed radiomics. […] The aim of this study was to develop and validate MRI-based radiomic prognostic models in oral and oropharyngeal cancer. […] In oral cancer, the radiomic model showed an iAUC of 0.69 (OS) and 0.70 (RFS) in the validation cohort, whereas the iAUC in the oropharyngeal cancer validation cohort was 0.71 (OS) and 0.74 (RFS). […] By integration of radiomic and clinical variables, the most accurate models were defined (iAUC oral cavity, 0.72 (OS) and 0.74 (RFS); iAUC oropharynx, 0.81 (OS) and 0.78 (RFS)), and these combined models outperformed prognostic models based on standard clinical variables only (p 0.001).

• #21 Can throat cancer be cured? | Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center – Buffalo, NY

  https://www.roswellpark.org/cancertalk/202205/can-throat-cancer-be-cured

  For patients diagnosed later stages, the recurrence can be as high has 50% within the first five years. […] Due to the complexities of throat cancer, and the variation in diagnosis and treatment options, it’s important to go to a multidisciplinary cancer center like Roswell Park that provides patients with personalized treatment for their particular cancer, Dr. Wooten concludes.

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