Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Balance disorder – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_disorder

  A balance disorder is a disturbance that causes an individual to feel unsteady, for example when standing or walking. It may be accompanied by feelings of giddiness, or wooziness, or having a sensation of movement, spinning, or floating. Balance is the result of several body systems working together: the visual system (eyes), vestibular system (ears) and proprioception (the body’s sense of where it is in space). Degeneration or loss of function in any of these systems can lead to balance deficits. […] Problems with balance can occur when there is a disruption in any of the vestibular, visual, or proprioceptive systems. Abnormalities in balance function may indicate a wide range of pathologies from causes like inner ear disorders, low blood pressure, brain tumors, and brain injury including stroke.

• #1 Balance System Disorders

  https://www.asha.org/practice-portal/clinical-topics/balance-system-disorders/?srsltid=AfmBOopX6Qc0upw6OsKwMmE9fgh9kiLpl1VXY4oVa_0dGrKhZ-Lzlm7n

  A functioning balance system allows a person to move through the environment without falling and to be aware of ones physical position in relation to gravity. The human balance system is complex. It includes input from and coordination of three sensory systems: vestibular, visual, and somatosensory. Disturbances to one or more of these systems may result in a balance system disorder, which can have a negative impact on balance and/or cause symptoms such as dizziness. […] The underlying causes of balance disorders and the resulting symptoms are many and varied. They include causes related to the vestibular system and causes related to other body systems and conditions. Conditions and events resulting in imbalance and/or dizziness may resolve spontaneously or may become chronic. […] Causes of balance system disorders may include, but not be limited to, the following: acute injury to the vestibular system, aging vestibular system, alcohol and/or drug ingestion, anatomic brain changes, autoimmune inner ear disease, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), circulatory or cardiovascular conditions, cochlear implant surgery, enlarged vestibular aqueduct syndrome, genetic disorders, infectious disease (viral or bacterial), inflammatory process of the inner ear, mal de dbarquement syndrome, medication side effects, Mnires disease, metabolic disorders, musculoskeletal conditions, neurological impairment/event/disease, otosclerosis, ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, persistent postural-perceptual dizziness, psychological disorders, space-occupying lesions of the auditory nerve, superior semicircular canal dehiscence, temporal bone fracture, traumatic brain injury, vestibular migraine and other migraine variants. […] A review of current literature indicates that the most common causes of dizziness in children are otitis media, migraine headache, benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood, trauma, and vestibular neuritis.

• #1 In brief: How does our sense of balance work? – InformedHealth.org – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279394/

  The vestibular system is made up of three semicircular canals and two otolith organs, which are found diagonally under the semicircular canals. […] The otolith organs detect changes in speed of linear movements (in a straight line) for instance, when you fall, take an elevator, or accelerate or brake in a car. […] The vestibular system is especially sensitive in children, and reacts more slowly to movements as we grow older. Inner ear infections and other problems may also affect how well our sense of balance works.

• #1 Balance Disorders: An Overview – American Hearing Research Foundation

  https://www.american-hearing.org/disease/balance-disorders-an-overview/

  These crystals are heavier than any of the other surrounding components of the ear. So, when the head tilts, gravity forces the crystals downward, causing a pull on the jelly-like layer and the sensory hair cells that it’s attached to. This pull sets off a signal from the hair cells that travels along the vestibular nerve to the brain for processing.

• #1 Dizziness & Balance Problems Related to Vision | Neuro-Optometric Rehabilitation Association

  https://noravisionrehab.org/patients-caregivers/about-brain-injuries-vision/dizziness-balance-problems-related-to-vision

  Vision plays a significant role in our ability to balance, orient ourselves in space, and process movement of things in our environment. […] If the vestibular system is damaged by disease, aging, head injury, or sometimes for no apparent reason, persons with a vestibular disorder often experience extreme difficulty with balance and movement, as well as with their perception of space. […] Common symptoms associated with vestibular disorders include: Imbalance and Spatial disorientation. […] Following are some common visual dysfunctions that may contribute to dizziness and balance problems: Aniseikonia – A visual condition where there is a significant difference in the perceived size of images, one eye to the other. This can cause disorientation, eyestrain, headache, and dizziness and balance disorders.

• #1 The Inner Ear: Understanding the Balance System

  http://healthlibrary.umcno.org/Library/DiseasesConditions/Adult/3,85837

  Balance is a group effort of your eyes, inner ear, joints, and muscles. They each send signals to the brain about body position and head movement. The brain uses this information to balance the body. When you have an inner ear problem, the brain may get conflicting signals. This can cause symptoms, such as the feeling of spinning (vertigo). […] Inside the inner ear are three semicircular canals. Each canal contains tiny hairs, crystals, and fluid. These structures help the canals sense up-and-down, forward-and-backward, and side-to-side motion. Nerves carry the signals from the canals to the brain. […] Signals from all over your body travel to the brain. Once the signals arrive, the brain decides what they mean. Sometimes signals conflict. Have you ever sat on a stopped train and watched a moving train go by? When that happens, your eyes signal that you’re moving. But your inner ear and body signal that you’re still. The brain weighs conflicting data, such as this, and decides what’s true. The result is balance.

• #1 Balance Disorders — Causes, Types & Treatment | NIDCD

  https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/balance-disorders

  A balance disorder can be caused by certain health conditions, medications, or a problem in the inner ear or the brain. […] Causes of balance problems include medications, ear infection, a head injury, or anything else that affects the inner ear or brain. […] Unfortunately, many balance disorders start suddenly and with no obvious cause. […] When the signals from any of these sensory systems malfunction, you can have problems with your sense of balance, including dizziness or vertigo. […] If you have additional problems with motor control, such as weakness, slowness, tremor, or rigidity, you can lose your ability to recover properly from imbalance. This raises the risk of falling and injury. […] BPPV occurs when loose otoconia tumble into one of the semicircular canals and affect how the cupula works.

• #1 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Balance-Disorder-Pathophysiology.aspx

  Balance disorders are caused by several incidents that may be episodes of infection, injury or blood flow problems to the inner ear or to the brain. […] An acute loss of balance sensation can be either partial or total. It may be caused by viral infections or due to injury to the vital structures of the brain or inner ear. […] Injuries to the central nervous system may be caused by head injury or by disturbances of the blood circulation. This leads to dizziness, vertigo, and disequilibrium. […] With age there is a deterioration of the balance system leading to balance problems. Physical disabilities such as arthritis and joint pain also contribute to the problem.

• #1 Initial Approach to Patients with Balance Disorders | IntechOpen

  https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/87311

  Low blood pressure: Low blood pressure can also cause imbalance, especially when you get up suddenly or go to high altitudes. […] Stress and anxiety: Stress and anxiety can cause symptoms such as dizziness and unsteadiness in some people. […] Pathogenesis: It begins as a result of insufficient absorption of endolymph and accumulation in the scala media of the inner ear (endolymphatic hydrops). […] Characterized by vertigo, hearing loss in one ear, tinnitus and a feeling of fullness in the ear, +/ falling attacks, nystagmus. […] Vertigo (lasting about 20 minutes or 12 hours) disappears over time and the patient remains with only hearing loss. […] With the repetition of attacks, unilateral, low-frequency hearing loss becomes permanent. […] The head thrust test is positive, and there is horizontal nystagmus beating toward the healthy side.

• #1 Visual Guide to Balance Disorders

  https://www.webmd.com/brain/ss/slideshow-balance-disorders

  Vertigo is a symptom — a feeling that either you or the space around you is spinning. Conditions that affect the inner ear cause it most often, but those that have an impact on the brain can also do it. […] A cold or flu virus, or sometimes bacteria, infect the maze of fluid-filled channels deep in your ear. This „labyrinth,” which normally helps you keep your balance, swells up, confuses your brain, and causes vertigo. […] A virus causes sudden swelling of the vestibular nerve that connects your inner ear and the brain. This could make you dizzy, unsteady, and sick to your stomach, but doesn’t normally cause hearing loss or tinnitus. […] Though rare, Meniere’s disease can cause serious vertigo that lasts from 20 minutes to several hours, often with nausea and vomiting. […] A blow to your head can tear a hole in the tissue that divides your air-filled middle ear from your fluid-filled inner ear. This can lead to balance problems.

• #1 Balance problems: What are the causes? | Top Doctors

  https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/medical-articles/what-causes-balance-problems

  When you move your head, the fluid in the inner ear moves. If you have BPPV, the dislodged crystals move along with it, and it turn it causes the sensation of dizziness. […] Vestibular neuritis is when the vestibular nerve, which runs from your inner ear to your brain, is infected. It causes severe dizziness and vertigo and it can take several weeks for these symptoms to resolve. […] Sometimes the infection can spread to the labyrinth structure in the vestibular system, causing labyrinthitis. […] Migrainous vertigo, also known as a vestibular migraine, includes a general feeling of imbalance and disconnectedness. […] Menieres disease affects the pressure levels in the inner ear. It causes severe vertigo, nausea, and vomiting. […] There is currently no cure for Meniere’s disease. However, symptoms may be alleviated by following a low-salt diet and taking medications that help prevent and treat attacks when they occur.

• #1 Balance Disorders: An Overview – American Hearing Research Foundation

  https://www.american-hearing.org/disease/balance-disorders-an-overview/

  Balance disorders frequently take people by surprise. They often seem to appear suddenly and without apparent reason. […] Unfortunately, balance disorders can have a very negative impact on a person’s quality of life. They can interfere with the ability to work and social activities, and they can be tied to anxiety and depression. Appropriate testing, proper diagnosis, and the best possible treatment become extremely important. Of particular concern is the increased risk of falls. […] Problems with balance and dizziness can occur for many different reasons. Sometimes, these issues result from: Damage to the inner ear from infection, The side effects of medicines, Concussion or head injury, A sudden drop in blood pressure brought on by standing or sitting up quickly (orthostatic hypotension or postural hypotension), Cardiovascular disease, Nerve damage in the legs, Vision problems, Muscle weakness, Unstable joints, Neurological conditions, Anxiety, depression, and other mental health disorders, Hyperventilation, Problems with the inner ear.

• #1 Balance Problems: Types, Causes, and Symptoms

  https://www.healthline.com/health/balance-problems

  Balance problems may cause dizziness and make you feel as though you’re spinning or moving when you’re actually standing or sitting still. […] Causes of balance problems include: infections of your ear, inner ear problems, head injury, poor blood circulation, certain medications, chemical imbalance in your brain, low blood pressure, high blood pressure, neurological conditions, arthritis, aging. […] Inner ear infection or inflammation can make you feel dizzy and unsteady. The flu or an upper respiratory infection can cause this condition. […] Menieres disease changes the volume of fluid in your ear, causing balance problems, hearing loss, and ringing in your ears. Its cause is unknown. […] Head injury, strenuous physical activity, ear infections, and atmospheric pressure changes can cause inner ear fluid to leak into your middle ear. This can cause balance problems.

• #1 Vertigo-associated disorders: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001432.htm

  Vertigo is not the same as being lightheaded. People with vertigo feel as though they are actually spinning or moving, or that the world is spinning around them. […] Peripheral vertigo is due to a problem in the part of the inner ear that controls balance. These areas are called the vestibular labyrinth, or semicircular canals. The problem may also involve the vestibular nerve. This is the nerve between the inner ear and the brain stem. […] Central vertigo is due to a problem in the brain, usually in the brain stem or the back part of the brain (cerebellum). […] The main symptom is a sensation that you or the room is moving or spinning. The spinning sensation may cause nausea and vomiting. […] Physical therapy may help improve balance problems. You’ll be taught exercises to restore your sense of balance. Exercises can also strengthen your muscles to help prevent falls. […] Vertigo can interfere with driving, work, and lifestyle. It can also cause falls, which can lead to many injuries, including hip fractures.

• #1 Balance problems: Symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/balance-problems

  Most balance problems occur because of brain or inner ear problems, or physical issues, such as broken bones or muscle injuries. […] Problems with the nervous system, the inner ear, or the circulatory system can make it difficult to coordinate movement. […] Numerous chronic and progressive diseases may affect balance and coordination. […] A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain temporarily stops or slows, often due to a blood clot or bleed. This can damage brain tissue and interfere with the brains ability to communicate with the body. […] Balance problems following a fall or car accident constitute a medical emergency. Seek medical help if a person is experiencing these. […] Balance problems may appear before other symptoms. […] It is common for balance to decline as a person ages.

• #1 3 Root Causes of Poor Balance: Houston Neurological Institute: Neurology Specialists

  https://www.hnineuro.com/blog/3-root-causes-of-poor-balance

  Losing your balance isnt only disorienting, its downright scary, since it can lead to a nasty fall and serious injury. […] Though balance challenges can be caused by many issues, from labyrinthitis (infection-caused inner ear inflammation) and hydrocephalus (when cerebrospinal fluid accumulates deep in the brain) to ataxia (a rare neurological disorder) and circulatory system disorders, we want to highlight three conditions that significantly contribute to poor balance in many. […] MS is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord). Essentially, your immune system treats the cells within your myelin sheath (which protects nerve fibers) as enemies and attacks them. Unfortunately, this leads to problems that reduce your central nervous systems ability to communicate with your body.

• #1 3 Root Causes of Poor Balance: Houston Neurological Institute: Neurology Specialists

  https://www.hnineuro.com/blog/3-root-causes-of-poor-balance

  Slowed movements, shakiness, and stiffness conspire to make movement difficult for those living with Parkinsons, and put them at risk for falls. […] Because of the traumatic nature of these injuries, its easy to understand why balance may be affected afterward, in addition to other motor, sensory, and cognitive deficits. […] Your balance problems might be caused by the TBI, or even medications prescribed to help you recover. […] Exercises that help with improving balance include squats, leg lifts, toe raises, and walking, especially working to increase walking distance, walking on different surfaces, and in a crowded environment so you have to navigate around people. […] Depending on what causes poor balance for our patients, our treatment plan may include: […] Balance training exercises […] Canalith repositioning (where particles in the ear causing balance issues are dislodged) […] Anti-nausea or anti-vertigo medications.

• #1 ClinMed International Library | Balance and its Clinical Assessment in Older Adults – A Review | Journal of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology

  https://clinmedjournals.org/articles/jgmg/journal-of-geriatric-medicine-and-gerontology-jgmg-1-003.php?jid=jgmg

  Balance impairment is associated with increased fall risk. […] An impairment in any of these systems can result in a deficit in balance control. Such impairment may be due to specific pathology or the progressive decline of function in the course of normal aging. […] The combination of senescent decline in organ function and the higher prevalence of diseases of the balance control systems in older adults predisposes this population subset to balance impairment. […] Proprioceptive acuity declines with normal aging. […] Muscle strength is typically maintained at peak levels into the 5th or 6th decade. Thereafter, accelerated decline occurs, with as much as 50% lost by age 80. […] Lower extremity muscle weakness is highly correlated with fall risk in older adults. […] The integrity of balance function is essential for activities of daily living efficacy. Its deterioration with aging and disease places older adults at increased risk of falls and dependency. […] Central processing deteriorates with advancing age.

• #1 The balance system | Ménière’s Society

  https://www.menieres.org.uk/information-and-support/the-balance-system

  The balance system works by coordinating information in your brain from the three senses used for balance: your balance organ in your inner ear, your eyes, the internal sense of position/movement in your body. […] If you feel dizzy, it means that your brain has not been able to coordinate the information from all the balance senses properly. This could be due to a problem in the brain or with any of the balance senses. […] In vestibular disorders (e.g. Mnires), the balance organ in the inner ear is affected. As the balance organ is faulty, the brain becomes more dependent on information coming from the eyes and sensors in your body. This makes you much more sensitive to situations which can cause dizziness, such as disorientating environments and times when you are under stress. Therefore, not all the symptoms of dizziness experienced will be due to the balance organ, some will be caused because your balance system cannot cope with the situation you are in.

• #1 Neurology Clinic – Clinical Website – Dr Michael Gross

  http://neurologyclinic.org.uk/articles/balance_disorders.html

  The key message for all people who have suffered BPPV from whatever cause including trauma is that the more one treats the condition with specialised therapists, then the more likely the better outcome with a good prognosis. […] Disorders of the balance mechanism can be investigated by vestibular function tests. Although these tests are objective, they are limited in the way they can test the mechanism. […] The central nervous system is able to adopt a number of adapted mechanisms to cope with disturbances of the balance mechanism. If there is a combination of damage to the balance mechanism together with damage to other parts of the nervous system such as the cerebellum, reticular formation of the brain stem or spinal cord as can occur in head injury, then the disability can be much greater. This is because the compensatory mechanisms are less able to function. […] As indicated above, there is an urgent need for balance rehabilitation soonest after acute vertigo with nausea or vomiting has passed. There will be a natural compensation by the balance mechanism. Equally there will be ongoing natural recovery from any insult or injury.

• #1 The balance system | Ménière’s Society

  https://www.menieres.org.uk/information-and-support/the-balance-system

  Dizziness and imbalance can also be the result of damage to areas of the brain that coordinate balance and are often the cause of dizziness in people who have multiple sclerosis, stroke or Parkinsons disease. […] In Mnires and other inner ear balance disorders, your brain must rely more on your sense of vision to balance more than people who do not have a balance disorder. As a result of this, your balance system can be more sensitive to confusing or disorienting information about your balance coming from your eyes. […] The balance system can also become overloaded when you take in more visual information than you are used to dealing with. Too much visual information can include motion, patterns or flickering lights. This visual information conflicts with information coming from your other balance senses resulting in dizziness and unsteadiness. […] When fewer signals are being sent from your body, your balance system is more reliant on the signals from your eyes and balance organ.

• #1 Balance problems: What are the causes? | Top Doctors

  https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/medical-articles/what-causes-balance-problems

  The ability to balance depends on various factors. This includes on how well the brain, nerves, eyes, muscles and joints, function, as well as the vestibular system, which is the group of structures behind the ear drum. […] Leading consultant adult paediatric ENT surgeon Miss Victoria Alexander looks at the most common causes of balance problems in connection to the vestibular system, their symptoms and treatment. […] Balance disorders happen when your experience of body movement changes. […] Consequently, this can affect the ability to walk and how you interact in your day-to-day life. […] This condition can cause short episodes of dizziness when you move your head. Its caused by small crystals in the inner ear that become dislodged, for example after a head trauma or an inner ear infection.

• #1 Hearing and Balance – Rocky Mountain Ear, Nose & Throat

  https://rockymountainent.com/resources/hearing-and-balance/

  There are more than a dozen different balance disorders. Some of the most common are: […] Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) or positional vertigo: A brief, intense episode of vertigo triggered by a specific change in the position of the head. […] Labyrinthitis: An infection or inflammation of the inner ear that causes dizziness and loss of balance. […] Menieres disease: Episodes of vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. […] Vestibular neuronitis: An inflammation of the vestibular nerve that can be caused by a virus, and primarily causes vertigo. […] Perilymph fistula: A leakage of inner ear fluid into the middle ear. […] Mal de Debarquement syndrome (MdDS): A feeling of continuously rocking or bobbing, typically after an ocean cruise or other sea travel.

• #1 Initial Approach to Patients with Balance Disorders | IntechOpen

  https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/87311

  The central compensation period can leave the patient unstable for months. […] The most common causes of central vertigo include vestibular migraine, transient ischemic attack (TIA) in the central nervous system, cerebellar or brain stem strokes, less commonly cerebellopontine angle tumors, demyelination, or vertigo due to alcohol and drug toxicity.

• #1 Balance Disorders – National Dizzy & Balance Center

  https://www.nationaldizzyandbalancecenter.com/resources/balance-disorders/

  A balance disorder is a disturbance that causes an individual to feel unsteady, giddy, woozy, or have a sensation of movement, spinning, or floating. An organ in our inner ear, the labyrinth, is an important part of our vestibular (balance) system. The labyrinth interacts with other systems in the body, such as the visual (eyes) and skeletal (bones and joints) systems, to maintain the body’s position. These systems, along with the brain and the nervous system, can be the source of balance problems. […] Infections (viral or bacterial), head injury, disorders of blood circulation affecting the inner ear or brain, certain medications, and aging may change our balance system and result in a balance problem. Individuals who have illnesses, brain disorders, or injuries of the visual or skeletal systems, such as eye muscle imbalance and arthritis, may also experience balance difficulties. A conflict of signals to the brain about the sensation of movement can cause motion sickness (for instance, when an individual tries to read while riding in a car). Some symptoms of motion sickness are dizziness, sweating, nausea, vomiting, and generalized discomfort.

• #1 FAQ | Columbus Speech & Hearing Center | Columbus Georgia..

  https://www.columbusspeechandhearingcenter.com/balance/faq

  This disease involves the excessive buildup of fluid in your inner ear. […] An acoustic neuroma (vestibular schwannoma) is a noncancerous (benign) growth on the vestibular nerve, which connects the inner ear to your brain. Symptoms of an acoustic neuroma generally include progressive hearing loss and tinnitus on one side accompanied by dizziness or imbalance. […] Rarely, vertigo can be a symptom of a more serious neurological problem such as a stroke, brain hemorrhage or multiple sclerosis. In such cases, other neurological symptoms are usually present, such as double vision, slurred speech, facial weakness or numbness, limb coordination, or severe balance problems.

• #1 Balance Problems: Types, Causes, and Symptoms

  https://www.healthline.com/health/balance-problems

  A tumor, such as an acoustic neuroma, can also cause balance problems. […] Balance problems are sometimes corrected by addressing the underlying health condition. […] If you have Menieres disease, your doctor may recommend surgery on your vestibular system, which makes up your inner ear and affects your balance. […] Balance problems can be temporary or a long-term issue, depending on what causes them. […] If the cause is unknown or the issues are a result of chronic conditions or aging, the symptoms may continue indefinitely.

• #1 Falling Direction can Predict the Mechanism of Recurrent Falls in Advanced Parkinson’s Disease | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-04302-7

  Falls are a common and disabling symptom in patients with Parkinsons disease (PD). For prevention, it is important to understand the pathophysiology of falls in PD patients, but the predictors for the possible mechanisms underlying such falls have not been clearly elucidated. […] Our results indicate that FOG and balance impairment are two major mechanisms for recurrent falling in PD patients, and falling direction is an important predictor for these mechanisms. […] In this study, we identified two major mechanisms underlying recurrent falls in PD patients; FOG and balance impairment. Similarly, FOG and balance impairment were also suggested as major factors related to falls in previous studies, but none of them investigated the relationship between the aforementioned mechanisms and falling direction.

• #1 Falling Direction can Predict the Mechanism of Recurrent Falls in Advanced Parkinson’s Disease | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-04302-7

  We demonstrated FOG was predictor for falling forward. […] Therefore, to initiate walking, PD patients with FOG require wider posterior-to-anterior movements than those without FOG, and this wider movement in the forward direction can result in a forward fall. […] Based on these results, we suggest that the severity of FOG is important, and more severe FOG can cause more forward falls in PD patients. […] Therefore, balance function is crucial to avoiding falls, and prevention strategies focusing on postural instability, such as balance rehabilitation, could reduce falls in PD patients. […] Considering that balance ability is more needed when changing posture, PD patients with postural instability tend to fall during sitting/standing or turning. On the other hand, FOG is common when patients try to start walking or turn, so PD patients with FOG tend to fall forward during walking or turning. […] In conclusion, we demonstrated that FOG and balance impairment are two major mechanisms of recurrent falls in PD patients and suggest falling direction as an important and convenient predictor to identify the falling mechanism.

• #1 Balance and Walking – MS Australia

  https://www.msaustralia.org.au/symptom/balance-and-walking/

  Problems with balance and walking may be the direct result of MS causing damage to parts of the nervous system responsible for mobility or may be caused indirectly by other MS symptoms. […] Its important to note that balance and walking are separate issues but may have a direct influence on each other. For instance, lesions in a certain part of the brain responsible for balance (the cerebellum) can lead specifically to a loss of balance, which can then lead to unsteadiness when walking. […] Walking problems can be caused by slowed or altered nerve conduction resulting in muscle weakness, spasm or spasticity (muscle stiffness) or extreme fatigue. […] Other MS symptoms that can impact on walking and balance and increase the risk of falling include pain, tremor, dizziness and vertigo and visual problems. […] There are several different approaches that may improve balance, including exercise, yoga, tai chi and Pilates. […] Treatment of walking problems varies depending on the cause.

• #1 Balance problems after stroke | Stroke Association

  https://www.stroke.org.uk/stroke/effects/physical/balance-problems-after-stroke

  A stroke can change the way your brain controls balance and you could feel unsteady or uncoordinated. […] There are some other causes of balance problems, and treating an underlying condition can help improve your balance. […] A stroke often causes weakness on one side of your body, which can make it difficult to balance. […] The second main factor affecting balance is loss of sensation in your affected side, particularly your legs. […] After a stroke, moving around and keeping your balance may require more concentration, which is hard work. […] Vision is an important part of balance. Vision problems are common after stroke. […] Spatial neglect, or inattention, means that your brain is not processing sensory information from one side. […] Some people experience the sensation that they are upright even when they are leaning heavily to their weak side, sometimes to the extent that they cannot sit up safely. This is called pusher syndrome.

• #1 Balance problems after stroke | Stroke Association

  https://www.stroke.org.uk/stroke/effects/physical/balance-problems-after-stroke

  People with ataxia have difficulty with controlling smooth movements. […] You may be left with vertigo if a stroke happens in your cerebellum or brainstem, the areas that control balance in the brain. […] Some medicines commonly prescribed after stroke can cause dizziness or weakness, including some high blood pressure medication. […] A range of other conditions not directly related to stroke can also cause dizziness and loss of balance. […] Improvement tends to be fastest in the first few days or weeks after stroke, but can continue slowly for months or even years. […] A physiotherapist can assess you. They can recommend therapy or exercises that may help you improve your balance. […] A physiotherapist might give balance re-training exercises. […] Gaze stabilisation exercises can help people with ongoing dizziness and vertigo.

• #1 Balance Problems after Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) | MSKTC

  https://msktc.org/tbi/factsheets/balance-problems-after-traumatic-brain-injury

  People with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often have problems with balance. About half of people with TBI have dizziness and loss of balance at some point in their recovery. Many factors determine how bad your balance problem is, including: […] When standing, your base of support is your feet. When sitting, your base of support is your butt, thighs, and feet. Many factors affect your ability to keep your balance. These factors include your physical strength and coordination, your senses, and your ability to think. […] TBI may affect this process. […] Falls are one of the main causes of TBI. […] If you have poor balance after a TBI, you have a high risk of falling. […] Balance problems have many different causes. […] Your inner ear has tiny organs that help you keep your balance. This is called the vestibular system.

• #1 Balance Problems after Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) | MSKTC

  https://msktc.org/tbi/factsheets/balance-problems-after-traumatic-brain-injury

  If your TBI damages your vestibular system, you may have balance problems, dizziness, or a sudden feeling that you’re spinning or that your head is spinning. […] A traumatic injury to the brain stem and cerebellum (the parts of the brain that control movement) can make it hard for you to walk and keep your balance. […] With hard work, people with TBI can continue to improve their balance for many years after injury. But balance problems are more common in people with TBI than in people without TBI.

• #1 8 Health Conditions That Can Affect Your Balance

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/symptoms-and-conditions/8-health-conditions-that-can-affect-your-balance

  5. You may wonder what your heart has to do with balance. Blood flow is the link. To keep your systems working properly, they need adequate blood flow. Anything that interferes with normal blood flow throughout your body and brain can result in balance and dizziness problems. This includes low blood pressure, heart arrhythmias, atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), heart failure, and heart valve disease. Low blood pressure can have various causes, including dehydration, anemia, and endocrine problems. […] […] 6. Emotional stress and anxiety can cause changes in your body that affect balance. First, stress changes the way your brain responds to and processes stimuli. It’s possible to lose some automatic balance reflexes during periods of heightened stress. Stress and anxiety can also bring on hyperventilation, which decreases the amount of oxygen reaching the brain. This leads to lightheadedness and dizziness. […]

• #1 8 Health Conditions That Can Affect Your Balance

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/symptoms-and-conditions/8-health-conditions-that-can-affect-your-balance

  7. Diabetes can cause dizziness and balance problems by its effects on other systems. When diabetes is poorly controlled, vision problems and peripheral neuropathies are more likely. And diabetes can contribute to low blood pressure. But diabetes’ effect on blood sugar can also contribute dizziness and balance problems. High or low blood sugar can cause blurred vision, confusion, dizziness, weakness, and lack of motor coordination. […] […] 8. Both prescription and over-the-counter medicines can cause dizziness or problems with balance. Common examples include antihistamines, sleep aids, sedatives, blood pressure medicines, antidepressants, narcotics, and antiseizure medicines. Combining these medicines with alcohol can make dizziness and balance problems worse. If you experience balance issues and you take medications, talk with your doctor or pharmacist. Find out if your medicine could be contributing to your problems.

• #1 I Feel Off-Balance Often: Can You Help? | Neurologists and Headache Specialists & Neurologists located in New York, NY, Telemedicine-New Jersey, Toms River, NJ and North Miami, Aventura, FL | Modern Migraine MD

  https://www.modernmigrainemd.com/post/i-feel-off-balance-often-can-you-help

  The second most common cause is vestibular neuritis, an inflammatory disorder. With vestibular neuritis, the nerves that help with balance in your inner ear dont function normally because of inflammation. […] The third most common cause of dizziness is a condition called persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD). This disorder causes you to feel like youre floating or rocking and tends to be worse when you stand or are in a visually complex environment, like a crowded shopping center. […] PPPD develops after your brain undergoes a stressful or alarming event, like a migraine, panic attack, depressive episode, or passing out. Your stress hormones activate your flight or fight response, which can change how your brain perceives motion and space. […] Other common causes of balance disorders include: Vestibular migraine (migraine with dizziness), Acoustic neuroma (a benign tumor), Stroke or heart disease, Circulatory issues (e.g., low blood pressure; hypertension), Mnires disease, Spinal cord or brain injuries, Swelling in the inner ear (labyrinthitis), Low blood sugar, Dehydration, Pregnancy, Parkinsons disease, Multiple sclerosis, Peripheral neuropathy, Dementia and Alzheimers disease. […] You can also develop balance issues and dizziness from certain medications or because of different viral and bacterial infections. Because its nearly impossible to tell on your own whats causing you to feel off balance, its always a good idea to see a medical provider if symptoms persist.

• #1 Balance Disorders (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/balance-disorders.html

  Our brain, ears, eyes, joints, and muscles work together to help us stay steady and upright. If any of them dont work properly, it can cause a problem with balance. […] Balance disorders can happen in people of all ages, and symptoms may be missed or blamed on other causes. […] Balance disorders that can affect kids and teens include: benign paroxysmal torticollis of infancy, benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood (BPVC), benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), vestibular neuritis, labyrinthitis, post-concussion syndrome, vestibular migraine. […] Doctors can’t always find the exact cause of a balance problem. But symptoms may be brought on by things such as ear injuries, head or neck injuries, ototoxicity (medicines that harm the ear), migraines, hearing loss, middle ear infections (otitis media) or cholesteatoma, other infections (like herpesvirus, chickenpox, colds, the flu, meningitis, measles, mumps, or rubella), motion sickness, seizures. […] Some types of balance disorders get better on their own. For others, symptoms may come and go or continue for weeks, months, or longer. Depending on the cause, medicine or surgery may help some children. Physical therapy and balance training may also help kids manage their symptoms.

• #1 Balance Problems: Causes, Diagnosis & Improvement Tips – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/topics/balance

  Balance problems often begin to appear in a person’s later years. […] Because so many parts of the body are involved in maintaining balance, balance disorders may arise from a wide range of conditions. […] A key area implicated in balance problems is the inner ear’s vestibular system. […] When these structures are damaged, or when vestibular nerve cells decrease with age, we are more likely to experience dizziness and vertigo. […] While aging can affect any of the above systems, so might prescription medications. […] Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), labyrinthitis, and Meniere’s disease are considered vestibular disorders because they are problems stemming directly from dysfunction within the vestibular system, a series of miniscule structures and nerves within the inner ear that send signals to the brain regarding the body’s orientation. […] But many other conditions can lead to a balance disorder. […] Diseases of the central nervous system, such as Parkinson’s, dementia, and multiple sclerosis, can all disrupt balance thanks to their effects on nerves and on the parts of the brain associated with body movements.

• #1 Feeling Off Balance Lately? Here’s What That Could Mean | BASS Medical Group

  https://www.bassmedicalgroup.com/blog-post/feeling-off-balance-lately-heres-what-that-could-mean

  Past trauma, including concussions, may lead to long-term balance issues. […] Aging can increase the risk of balance problems. Over time, the inner ear, vision, and muscle strength naturally decline, affecting stability. […] Doctors treat balance issues by addressing the underlying cause. Common treatments include medication adjustments, physical therapy, diet hydration, and surgical treatments. […] Your physician will perform tests to determine the cause of your imbalance. Common assessments include balance tests, hearing tests, and imaging tests (CT/MRI scans). […] Since balance problems can be linked to heart disease, neurological disorders, or ear conditions, its best to consult a doctor.

• #1 Balance | Condition | UT Southwestern Medical Center

  https://utswmed.org/conditions-treatments/balance/

  Balance disorders are disturbances that make us feel unsteady on our feet or dizzy, as though were moving, spinning, or floating. The dizziness can happen when were standing, sitting down, or lying down. […] Our balance is maintained by our eyes, ears, and proprioception, the bodys sense of where it is. Disturbances to any of those senses can affect our balance. […] Certain medical conditions can cause balance disorders. Other causes include medications, problems in the inner ear or eyes, brain injuries including strokes, or low blood pressure. […] Balance (vestibular) disorders encompass such things as dizziness, vertigo, disequilibrium, or a general sense of being unsteady on your feet. More than 25 million Americans are affected by balance disturbances. […] With the general decrease in balance that accompanies the aging process, it is essential that your dizziness or balance problems are not solely attributed to the normal consequences of aging until you undergo a thorough evaluation.

• #1 The Human Balance System – Vestibular Disorders Association

  https://vestibular.org/article/what-is-vestibular/the-human-balance-system/the-human-balance-system-how-do-we-maintain-our-balance/

  Maintaining balance depends on information received by the brain from the eyes, muscles and joints, and vestibular organs in the inner ear. When this system is disrupted by damage to one or more components through injury, disease, or the aging process you may experience impaired balance accompanied by other symptoms such as dizziness, vertigo, vision problems, nausea, fatigue, and concentration difficulties. […] Impaired balance can be accompanied by other symptoms such as dizziness, vertigo, vision problems, nausea, fatigue, and concentration difficulties. […] The complexity of the human balance system creates challenges in diagnosing and treating the underlying cause of imbalance. The crucial integration of information obtained through the vestibular, visual, and proprioceptive systems means that disorders affecting an individual system can markedly disrupt a persons normal sense of balance. Vestibular dysfunction as a cause of imbalance offers a particularly intricate challenge because of the vestibular systems interaction with cognitive functioning, and the degree of influence it has on the control of eye movements and posture.

• #1 Balance Disorders — Causes, Types & Treatment | NIDCD

  https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/balance-disorders

  This keeps the cupula from flexing properly, sending incorrect information about your head’s position to your brain, and causing vertigo. […] For more information, read the NIDCD fact sheet Meniere’s Disease. […] The vestibular system is complex, so multiple tests may be needed to best evaluate the cause of your balance problem. […] If you are diagnosed with Meniere’s disease, your otolaryngologist may recommend that you make some changes to your diet and, if you are a smoker, that you stop smoking. […] Anti-vertigo or anti-nausea medications may relieve your symptoms, but they can also make you drowsy. […] NIDCD-funded scientists are also working to develop much-needed tests to appropriately diagnose balance disorders.

• #1 Vestibular System: Function & Anatomy

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/vestibular-system

  The vestibular system includes sensory organs in your inner ear that help you maintain your sense of balance. […] Problems with your vestibular system cause symptoms like dizziness and vertigo. […] The most common symptoms of a balance issue are dizziness and vertigo. […] Most vestibular system conditions require a combination of treatments, including: […] Vestibular rehabilitation therapy can help you better coordinate the parts of your vestibular system.

• #2 Balance problems – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/balance-problems/symptoms-causes/syc-20350474

  Balance problems can make you feel dizzy, as if the room is spinning, unsteady, or lightheaded. […] Many body systems including your muscles, bones, joints, eyes, the balance organ in the inner ear, nerves, heart and blood vessels must work normally for you to have normal balance. When these systems aren’t functioning well, you can experience balance problems. […] However, most balance problems result from issues in your balance organ in the inner ear (vestibular system). […] Balance problems can be caused by several different conditions. The cause of balance problems is usually related to the specific sign or symptom. […] Vestibular problems. Abnormalities in your inner ear can cause a sensation of a floating or heavy head and unsteadiness in the dark. […] Inner ear problems. Abnormalities of the vestibular system can lead to a sensation of floating or other false sensation of motion.

• #2 The Human Balance System – Vestibular Disorders Association

  https://vestibular.org/article/what-is-vestibular/the-human-balance-system/the-human-balance-system-how-do-we-maintain-our-balance/

  Maintaining balance depends on information received by the brain from the eyes, muscles and joints, and vestibular organs in the inner ear. When this system is disrupted by damage to one or more components through injury, disease, or the aging process you may experience impaired balance accompanied by other symptoms such as dizziness, vertigo, vision problems, nausea, fatigue, and concentration difficulties. […] Impaired balance can be accompanied by other symptoms such as dizziness, vertigo, vision problems, nausea, fatigue, and concentration difficulties. […] The complexity of the human balance system creates challenges in diagnosing and treating the underlying cause of imbalance. The crucial integration of information obtained through the vestibular, visual, and proprioceptive systems means that disorders affecting an individual system can markedly disrupt a persons normal sense of balance. Vestibular dysfunction as a cause of imbalance offers a particularly intricate challenge because of the vestibular systems interaction with cognitive functioning, and the degree of influence it has on the control of eye movements and posture.

• #2 Balance Disorders: An Overview – American Hearing Research Foundation

  https://www.american-hearing.org/disease/balance-disorders-an-overview/

  The research that AHRF funds pertains to balance disorders related to the inner ear. […] Most balance disorders are linked to the vestibular system, which is contained within the labyrinth of the inner ear. […] The semi-circular canals and the otolith organs (the utricle and saccule) are the specific organs of the inner ear that must function properly for people to be able to maintain their sense of balance. […] A fluid called endolymph fills each of these canals and shifts when the head changes position. When the endolymph moves, it triggers receptors in the semi-circular canals to send signals to the brain, via the vestibular nerve, about the change in the head’s position. […] The otolith organs help with balance by responding to gravity. They sense linear acceleration vertically, as in an elevator, and horizontally, as in a car. Sensory hair cells—receptors—are inside the utricle and saccule.

• #2 Balance disorders – The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital

  https://eyeandear.org.au/patients-visitors/essential-patient-and-visitor-information/coming-for-a-specialist-appointment/specialist-clinics/balance-disorders/

  A balance disorder can be caused by conditions affecting one or more parts of this system. […] The vestibular system in each inner ear is made up of three semi-circular canals and two pockets, called the otolith organs, which together provide constant feedback to the cerebellum about head movement. […] The two otolith organs (called the saccule and utricle) send messages to the brain about body movement in a straight line (backwards and forwards or upwards and downwards) and also about where the head is in relation to gravity, such as tilting, leaning or lying down. These organs contain small crystals (otoconia) that are displaced during these movements to stimulate tiny hairs, which transmit the message via the vestibular, or balance nerve to the cerebellum.

• #2 Hearing and Balance – Rocky Mountain Ear, Nose & Throat

  https://rockymountainent.com/resources/hearing-and-balance/

  There are many causes of balance problems, such as medications, ear infections, a head injury, or anything else that affects the inner ear or brain. […] Your sense of balance relies on a series of signals to the brain from several organs and structures in the body, which together are known as the vestibular system. […] The inner ear balance mechanism has two main parts: the three semicircular canals and the vestibule. Together they are called the vestibular labyrinth and are filled with fluid. […] When one inner ear is not functioning correctly the brain receives nerve impulses that are no longer equal, causing it to perceive this information as distorted or off balance. […] When the signals from any of these sensory systems malfunction, you can have problems with your sense of balance.

• #2 Balance problems: What are the causes? | Top Doctors

  https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/medical-articles/what-causes-balance-problems

  When you move your head, the fluid in the inner ear moves. If you have BPPV, the dislodged crystals move along with it, and it turn it causes the sensation of dizziness. […] Vestibular neuritis is when the vestibular nerve, which runs from your inner ear to your brain, is infected. It causes severe dizziness and vertigo and it can take several weeks for these symptoms to resolve. […] Sometimes the infection can spread to the labyrinth structure in the vestibular system, causing labyrinthitis. […] Migrainous vertigo, also known as a vestibular migraine, includes a general feeling of imbalance and disconnectedness. […] Menieres disease affects the pressure levels in the inner ear. It causes severe vertigo, nausea, and vomiting. […] There is currently no cure for Meniere’s disease. However, symptoms may be alleviated by following a low-salt diet and taking medications that help prevent and treat attacks when they occur.

• #2 8 Health Conditions That Can Affect Your Balance

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/symptoms-and-conditions/8-health-conditions-that-can-affect-your-balance

  1. Problems with the inner ear—or vestibular system—are the most common cause of balance disorders. Your vestibular system senses when you move your head, your body movements, and your position in space. It sends this information to your brain. When your vestibular system doesn’t work right, you can end up feeling unsteady, dizzy or lightheaded. You may also feel the sensation of movement when you are sitting still. Inner ear problems include labyrinthitis and Meniere’s disease, among others. […] […] 4. Your nervous system relays sensory input from your vestibular system, eyes, and body to your brain. Your brain integrates and interprets this input to give you a sense of balance and equilibrium. Balance problems can result if any part of your nervous system isn’t working right. This includes your brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Stroke, head injury, spinal cord injury, and peripheral neuropathies are examples of nervous system problems that can cause balance problems. […]

• #2 Initial Approach to Patients with Balance Disorders | IntechOpen

  https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/87311

  The central compensation period can leave the patient unstable for months. […] The most common causes of central vertigo include vestibular migraine, transient ischemic attack (TIA) in the central nervous system, cerebellar or brain stem strokes, less commonly cerebellopontine angle tumors, demyelination, or vertigo due to alcohol and drug toxicity.

• #2 Visual Guide to Balance Disorders

  https://www.webmd.com/brain/ss/slideshow-balance-disorders

  Illnesses like multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and cervical spondylosis slowly damage the way your nervous system talks to your brain, which can affect your balance. […] You get Ramsay Hunt Syndrome from the shingles virus that affects a face nerve. It causes a painful rash with fluid-filled blisters around one ear. […] Sudden balance problems may sometimes be a sign of serious problems, like a clot in your blood or a burst blood vessel from a stroke, aneurysm, or embolism.

• #2 Neurological Disorders That Can Cause Balance Problems

  https://www.fyzical.com/marietta-ga/blog/neurological-disorders-that-can-cause-balance-problems

  Stability and coordination might be affected by age or neurological disorders affecting balance. […] Vestibular imbalance or disturbance can be caused by complications in the inner ear, brain, nerves, or muscles, and it can cause standing, walking, or even moving challenges. […] Damage to the vestibular system can lead to vertigo, dizziness and movement disorders and balance problems. […] Many neurological conditions that affect the brain, spinal cord or nerves can impair balance and coordination. […] A stroke damages brain cells, potentially impacting motor control and balance. […] Multiple sclerosis (MS) damages the myelin sheath around nerves, interfering with signaling. […] Parkinson’s disease affects dopamine production, leading to tremors and rigidity. […] Dementia impacts memory, thinking, and motor skills.

• #2 Balance Problems: Causes, Diagnosis & Improvement Tips – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/topics/balance

  Balance problems often begin to appear in a person’s later years. […] Because so many parts of the body are involved in maintaining balance, balance disorders may arise from a wide range of conditions. […] A key area implicated in balance problems is the inner ear’s vestibular system. […] When these structures are damaged, or when vestibular nerve cells decrease with age, we are more likely to experience dizziness and vertigo. […] While aging can affect any of the above systems, so might prescription medications. […] Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), labyrinthitis, and Meniere’s disease are considered vestibular disorders because they are problems stemming directly from dysfunction within the vestibular system, a series of miniscule structures and nerves within the inner ear that send signals to the brain regarding the body’s orientation. […] But many other conditions can lead to a balance disorder. […] Diseases of the central nervous system, such as Parkinson’s, dementia, and multiple sclerosis, can all disrupt balance thanks to their effects on nerves and on the parts of the brain associated with body movements.

• #2 Balance Disorders — Causes, Types & Treatment | NIDCD

  https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/balance-disorders

  This keeps the cupula from flexing properly, sending incorrect information about your head’s position to your brain, and causing vertigo. […] For more information, read the NIDCD fact sheet Meniere’s Disease. […] The vestibular system is complex, so multiple tests may be needed to best evaluate the cause of your balance problem. […] If you are diagnosed with Meniere’s disease, your otolaryngologist may recommend that you make some changes to your diet and, if you are a smoker, that you stop smoking. […] Anti-vertigo or anti-nausea medications may relieve your symptoms, but they can also make you drowsy. […] NIDCD-funded scientists are also working to develop much-needed tests to appropriately diagnose balance disorders.

• #2 Inner Ear Balance Tests

  https://www.froedtert.com/ent/ear-care/diagnostics/balance-tests

  Electroneuronography (ENoG) measures the function of the facial nerve (NVII), which controls the movements of the face. […] Since the facial nerve passes through the middle ear space and other structures related to hearing, facial nerve problems can cause hearing loss, pain and balance problems. […] The VEMP is a computerized test used to measure part of the vestibular (balance) system that may be related to dizziness. […] When dizziness is the concern, electrocochleography (ECOG) testing is typically ordered to assess for or monitor Mnire’s disease, also known as endolymphatic hydrops. This is an inner ear disorder that affects balance and hearing. […] VNG provides diagnostic information about the function of the inner ear and central vestibular (balance) systems. […] Also used to evaluate dizziness/balance problems, the Rotary Chair test supplements the VNG results and helps determine how the inner ear balance system is working.

• #2 Visual Guide to Balance Disorders

  https://www.webmd.com/brain/ss/slideshow-balance-disorders

  Vertigo is a symptom — a feeling that either you or the space around you is spinning. Conditions that affect the inner ear cause it most often, but those that have an impact on the brain can also do it. […] A cold or flu virus, or sometimes bacteria, infect the maze of fluid-filled channels deep in your ear. This „labyrinth,” which normally helps you keep your balance, swells up, confuses your brain, and causes vertigo. […] A virus causes sudden swelling of the vestibular nerve that connects your inner ear and the brain. This could make you dizzy, unsteady, and sick to your stomach, but doesn’t normally cause hearing loss or tinnitus. […] Though rare, Meniere’s disease can cause serious vertigo that lasts from 20 minutes to several hours, often with nausea and vomiting. […] A blow to your head can tear a hole in the tissue that divides your air-filled middle ear from your fluid-filled inner ear. This can lead to balance problems.

• #2 Balance Problems: Types, Causes, and Symptoms

  https://www.healthline.com/health/balance-problems

  A tumor, such as an acoustic neuroma, can also cause balance problems. […] Balance problems are sometimes corrected by addressing the underlying health condition. […] If you have Menieres disease, your doctor may recommend surgery on your vestibular system, which makes up your inner ear and affects your balance. […] Balance problems can be temporary or a long-term issue, depending on what causes them. […] If the cause is unknown or the issues are a result of chronic conditions or aging, the symptoms may continue indefinitely.

• #2 Balance problems after stroke | Stroke Association

  https://www.stroke.org.uk/stroke/effects/physical/balance-problems-after-stroke

  People with ataxia have difficulty with controlling smooth movements. […] You may be left with vertigo if a stroke happens in your cerebellum or brainstem, the areas that control balance in the brain. […] Some medicines commonly prescribed after stroke can cause dizziness or weakness, including some high blood pressure medication. […] A range of other conditions not directly related to stroke can also cause dizziness and loss of balance. […] Improvement tends to be fastest in the first few days or weeks after stroke, but can continue slowly for months or even years. […] A physiotherapist can assess you. They can recommend therapy or exercises that may help you improve your balance. […] A physiotherapist might give balance re-training exercises. […] Gaze stabilisation exercises can help people with ongoing dizziness and vertigo.

• #2 Feeling Off Balance Lately? Here’s What That Could Mean | BASS Medical Group

  https://www.bassmedicalgroup.com/blog-post/feeling-off-balance-lately-heres-what-that-could-mean

  Experiencing balance issues can be unsettling. If you struggle to stand upright or move with confidence, you may have an underlying balance disorder. These issues can occur when you’re moving or even while sitting still. Furthermore, balance problems can range from mild unsteadiness to severe disorientation. […] Balance issues may result from problems within the inner ear, circulatory system, or nervous system. While older adults are more prone to balance problems due to natural aging, these issues can affect people of all ages. […] The inner ear plays a vital role in balance. Issues like infections, fluid buildup, or Menieres disease can cause imbalance. […] High or low blood pressure can affect blood flow to the brain, leading to unsteadiness. […] Disorders like Parkinsons disease, multiple sclerosis (MS), and Alzheimers can impact coordination.

• #2 Balance problems: Symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/balance-problems

  Any medication that changes the way the brain functions can affect balance. […] A sedentary lifestyle on its own will not cause severe balance issues. However, people who are generally inactive may find they have trouble with balance. […] Any physical injury can potentially affect balance, especially when it makes it more difficult to coordinate movement.

• #2 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Balance-Disorder-Pathophysiology.aspx

  Balance disorders are caused by several incidents that may be episodes of infection, injury or blood flow problems to the inner ear or to the brain. […] An acute loss of balance sensation can be either partial or total. It may be caused by viral infections or due to injury to the vital structures of the brain or inner ear. […] Injuries to the central nervous system may be caused by head injury or by disturbances of the blood circulation. This leads to dizziness, vertigo, and disequilibrium. […] With age there is a deterioration of the balance system leading to balance problems. Physical disabilities such as arthritis and joint pain also contribute to the problem.

• #3 Causes Of Dizziness & Balance Problems | OneWelbeck

  https://onewelbeck.com/news/causes-of-dizziness-and-balance-problems/

  Having low blood pressure can cause you to feel dizzy and even faint. […] An abnormal heart rhythm or arrhythmia can make you feel dizzy. […] This medical condition can cause dizziness among other symptoms. […] Certain medications, such as antidepressants and anticonvulsants, can cause dizziness. […] Panic disorders and anxiety can also be behind your dizziness. […] Not drinking enough water can cause dizziness or lead you to experience vertigo. […] As well as cardiovascular causes of dizziness and balance problems, there are neurological causes too. […] Some people experience vertigo during a migraine, causing dizziness and potential balance problems. […] Multiple sclerosis causes a wide range of symptoms that mostly affect your coordination and balance. […] A stroke can cause weakness in one side of your body which makes it very difficult to balance.

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