Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Carcinoid Tumor | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/c/carcinoid-tumor.html

  Carcinoid tumors are also called neuroendocrine tumors. It’s a rare type of cancer. Carcinoid tumors tend to grow slowly. Few people with these tumors have symptoms. So you may have a carcinoid tumor for many years and never know it. […] In rare cases, a functional carcinoid tumor can cause a group of symptoms called carcinoid syndrome. This tends to happen after the tumor has spread. The symptoms may be triggered by exercise, stress, or certain foods and drinks, like alcohol (especially red wine), walnuts, pecans, bananas, tofu, and aged cheeses. These are common symptoms: Your face gets red (flushed), Cramps, Diarrhea, Nausea or vomiting, Asthma-like breathing problems, Shortness of breath, Fainting, Fast heart rate (palpitations), Blood pressure changes, Right-sided valvular heart disease in some people.

• #2 Carcinoid syndrome and carcinoid tumours | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/carcinoid-syndrome-and-carcinoid-tumours/

  A carcinoid tumour is a rare cancer of the neuroendocrine system the body system that produces hormones. […] The tumour usually grows in the bowels or appendix, but it can also be found in the stomach, pancreas, lung, breast, kidney, ovaries or testicles. It tends to grow very slowly. […] Carcinoid syndrome is the collection of symptoms some people get when a carcinoid tumour usually one that has spread to the liver releases hormones such as serotonin into the bloodstream. […] In the early stages of having a carcinoid tumour, you may not have any symptoms. You may also not have symptoms if the tumour is just in your digestive system, as any hormones it produces will be broken down by your liver. […] If symptoms do develop, they tend to be fairly general and can be easily mistaken for signs of other illnesses.

• #3 Carcinoid Tumors

  https://www.health.ny.gov/statistics/cancer/registry/abouts/carcinoid.htm

  Carcinoid tumors, or carcinoids, are typically slow-growing tumors of neuroendocrine cells, specialized cells in the body that release hormones into the bloodstream when acted upon by nerve cells. […] Carcinoid tumors can develop in many different organs of the body. They are most often found in the digestive system, particularly the small intestine, appendix, and rectum, or in the lungs. […] Sometimes, particularly when a malignant tumor has spread, the hormone-producing cells that make up the tumor release enough hormone-like substances into the bloodstream to cause symptoms. This is called the carcinoid syndrome. Symptoms of carcinoid syndrome most often include hot, red flushing of the face, diarrhea, and wheezing, as well as others that depend on which hormone-like substances the tumor is releasing.

• #4 Carcinoid tumors – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-tumors/symptoms-causes/syc-20351039

  Carcinoid tumors often don’t cause signs and symptoms until late in the disease. Carcinoid tumors can produce and release hormones into your body that cause signs and symptoms such as diarrhea or skin flushing. […] Some carcinoid tumors don’t cause any signs or symptoms. When they do occur, signs and symptoms are usually vague and depend on the location of the tumor. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid lung tumors include: Chest pain, Wheezing, Shortness of breath, Diarrhea, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing), Weight gain, particularly around the midsection and upper back, Pink or purple marks on the skin that look like stretch marks. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid tumors in the digestive tract include: Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Nausea, vomiting and inability to pass stool due to intestinal blockage (bowel obstruction), Rectal bleeding, Rectal pain, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing). […] If you experience any signs and symptoms that bother you and are persistent, make an appointment with your doctor.

• #5 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Carcinoid-Tumor-Signs-and-Symptoms.aspx

  Carcinoid tumors may sometimes be asymptomatic but may show symptoms in other patients. The signs of the illness are not definite and depend greatly on the location of the tumor. Hormones released into the blood by one out of ten carcinoid tumors are responsible for causing the symptoms of the illness. […] Factors including stress, heavy exercise, and alcohol consumption lead to symptoms in several patients with carcinoid tumor. […] Around 60% of patients suffer from carcinoid syndrome caused by a carcinoid tumor that has grown over a period of time. […] The following are the symptoms that are seen in a patients suffering from carcinoid syndrome. […] Lung carcinoid tumor symptoms can be identified clinically from the symptoms revealed in at least two of three people who have acquired carcinoid tumor. As carcinoids progress at a slow pace, the symptoms often go by unnoticed for many years and are often detected by medical procedures used to diagnose/treat other conditions.

• #6 Signs and Symptoms of Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/gastrointestinal-carcinoid-tumor/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-symptoms.html

  Most gastrointestinal (GI) carcinoids grow slowly. If they do cause symptoms, they tend to be vague. […] The symptoms a person can have from a GI carcinoid tumor often depend on where it is growing. […] If the tumor starts in the small intestine, it can cause the intestines to kink and be blocked for a while. This can cause cramps, belly pain, weight loss, fatigue, bloating, diarrhea, or nausea and vomiting, which might come and go. These symptoms can sometimes go on for years before the carcinoid tumor is found. A tumor usually has to grow fairly large before it completely blocks (obstructs) the intestine and causes severe belly pain, nausea and vomiting, and a potentially life-threatening situation. […] A carcinoid tumor sometimes can cause intestinal bleeding. This can lead to anemia (too few red blood cells) with fatigue and shortness of breath.

• #7 Carcinoid Tumors: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/carcinoid-tumor

  Carcinoid tumors tend to grow very slowly. Many people dont have symptoms until the tumor grows large. […] When tumors occur in the appendix, people tend to experience symptoms resembling appendicitis, such as abdominal pain. […] Tumors in other parts of the digestive tract may cause general symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. […] In the lungs, they may cause symptoms similar to pneumonia, such as difficulty breathing, coughing up blood, wheezing, and chest pain. […] If you develop carcinoid syndrome, you may experience flushed skin in your face and upper trunk, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and purple veins on your nose and lips. […] Carcinoid tumors dont seem to have a link to family history. However, the genetic condition multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 does run in families and increases the risk of developing carcinoid tumors.

• #8 Carcinoid Tumors: MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/carcinoidtumors.html

  Carcinoid tumors are rare, slow-growing cancers. They usually start in the lining of the digestive tract or in the lungs. They grow slowly and don’t produce symptoms in the early stages. As a result, the average age of people diagnosed with digestive or lung carcinoids is about 60. […] In later stages the tumors sometimes produce hormones that can cause carcinoid syndrome. The syndrome causes flushing of the face and upper chest, diarrhea, and trouble breathing. […] Surgery is the main treatment for carcinoid tumors. If they haven’t spread to other parts of the body, surgery can cure the cancer.

• #9 Carcinoid syndrome and carcinoid tumours | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/carcinoid-syndrome-and-carcinoid-tumours/

  Symptoms may result from both the tumour itself and from any hormones it releases into the bloodstream. […] Symptoms will depend on where in the body the tumour develops: a bowel carcinoid tumour may cause tummy pain, a blocked bowel (diarrhoea, constipation, feeling or being sick) and bleeding from the bottom (rectal bleeding) […] a lung carcinoid tumour may cause a cough, which may make you cough up blood, and cause wheezing, breathlessness, chest pain and tiredness […] a stomach carcinoid tumour may cause pain, weight loss, tiredness and weakness. […] Some tumours may not cause any symptoms and are discovered by chance. For example, an appendix carcinoid tumour may only be found when the appendix is being removed for another reason. […] Typical symptoms of carcinoid syndrome include: diarrhoea, tummy pain and loss of appetite

• #10 Carcinoid Tumor | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/c/carcinoid-tumor.html

  Symptoms of tumors that dont cause carcinoid syndrome depend on where the tumor is and may include: Belly (abdominal) pain or pressure, Change in bowel habits, Bloody bowel movements, Chest pain, Cough, Wheezing, Blood-tinged mucus (sputum), Nausea and vomiting, No desire to eat, Feeling tired all the time (fatigue), Weight loss, A lump or tumor you can feel. […] In many cases, carcinoid tumors are nonfunctional and don’t cause symptoms. (These tumors don’t make hormones and other chemicals.) They might be found during a routine exam or when an exam or surgery is being done for another health issue.

• #11 Carcinoid tumors – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-tumors/symptoms-causes/syc-20351039

  Carcinoid tumors often don’t cause signs and symptoms until late in the disease. Carcinoid tumors can produce and release hormones into your body that cause signs and symptoms such as diarrhea or skin flushing. […] Some carcinoid tumors don’t cause any signs or symptoms. When they do occur, signs and symptoms are usually vague and depend on the location of the tumor. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid lung tumors include: Chest pain, Wheezing, Shortness of breath, Diarrhea, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing), Weight gain, particularly around the midsection and upper back, Pink or purple marks on the skin that look like stretch marks. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid tumors in the digestive tract include: Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Nausea, vomiting and inability to pass stool due to intestinal blockage (bowel obstruction), Rectal bleeding, Rectal pain, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing). […] If you experience any signs and symptoms that bother you and are persistent, make an appointment with your doctor.

• #12 Carcinoid syndrome and carcinoid tumours | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/carcinoid-syndrome-and-carcinoid-tumours/

  Symptoms may result from both the tumour itself and from any hormones it releases into the bloodstream. […] Symptoms will depend on where in the body the tumour develops: a bowel carcinoid tumour may cause tummy pain, a blocked bowel (diarrhoea, constipation, feeling or being sick) and bleeding from the bottom (rectal bleeding) […] a lung carcinoid tumour may cause a cough, which may make you cough up blood, and cause wheezing, breathlessness, chest pain and tiredness […] a stomach carcinoid tumour may cause pain, weight loss, tiredness and weakness. […] Some tumours may not cause any symptoms and are discovered by chance. For example, an appendix carcinoid tumour may only be found when the appendix is being removed for another reason. […] Typical symptoms of carcinoid syndrome include: diarrhoea, tummy pain and loss of appetite

• #13 Carcinoid Tumor: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/986050-overview

  Signs and symptoms of carcinoid tumors vary greatly. Carcinoid tumors can be „nonfunctioning” presenting as a tumor mass or „functioning” i.e. producing several biopeptides causing carcinoid syndrome. The sign and symptoms of a „nonfunctioning” tumor depend on the tumor location and size as well as on the presence of metastases. Therefore, findings range from no tumor-related symptoms (most carcinoid tumors) to full symptoms of carcinoid syndrome (primarily in adults). […] At times, the tumor is found as an incidental finding in a histopathologic examination. Due to their vague and intermittent symptoms, diagnosis of carcinoid tumors may be delayed, especially in children, in whom the tumor is rare and the diagnosis is unexpected. […] Signs and symptoms seen in larger tumors may include the following: Periodic abdominal pain: Most common presentation for a small intestinal carcinoid; often associated with malignant carcinoid syndrome. Cutaneous flushing: Early and frequent (94%) symptom; typically affects head and neck; often associated with an unpleasant warm feeling, itching, rash, sweating, palpitation, upper-body erythema and edema, salivation, diaphoresis, lacrimation, and diarrhea. Diarrhea and malabsorption (84%): Watery, frothy, or bulky stools, gastrointestinal (GI) bleed or steatorrhea; may or may not be associated with abdominal pain, flushing, and cramps. Cardiac manifestations (60%): Valvular heart lesions, fibrosis of the endocardium; may lead to heart failure with tachycardia and hypertension. Wheezing or asthmalike syndrome (25%): Due to bronchial constriction; some tremors are relatively indolent and result in chronic symptoms such as cough and dyspnea. Pellagra with scale-like skin lesions, diarrhea and mental disturbances. Carcinoid crisis can be the most serious symptom of carcinoid tumors and can be life-threatening. It can occur suddenly, after stress, or following chemotherapy and anesthesia.

• #14 Signs and Symptoms of Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/gastrointestinal-carcinoid-tumor/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-symptoms.html

  Most gastrointestinal (GI) carcinoids grow slowly. If they do cause symptoms, they tend to be vague. […] The symptoms a person can have from a GI carcinoid tumor often depend on where it is growing. […] If the tumor starts in the small intestine, it can cause the intestines to kink and be blocked for a while. This can cause cramps, belly pain, weight loss, fatigue, bloating, diarrhea, or nausea and vomiting, which might come and go. These symptoms can sometimes go on for years before the carcinoid tumor is found. A tumor usually has to grow fairly large before it completely blocks (obstructs) the intestine and causes severe belly pain, nausea and vomiting, and a potentially life-threatening situation. […] A carcinoid tumor sometimes can cause intestinal bleeding. This can lead to anemia (too few red blood cells) with fatigue and shortness of breath.

• #15 Carcinoid tumors – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-tumors/symptoms-causes/syc-20351039

  Carcinoid tumors often don’t cause signs and symptoms until late in the disease. Carcinoid tumors can produce and release hormones into your body that cause signs and symptoms such as diarrhea or skin flushing. […] Some carcinoid tumors don’t cause any signs or symptoms. When they do occur, signs and symptoms are usually vague and depend on the location of the tumor. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid lung tumors include: Chest pain, Wheezing, Shortness of breath, Diarrhea, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing), Weight gain, particularly around the midsection and upper back, Pink or purple marks on the skin that look like stretch marks. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid tumors in the digestive tract include: Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Nausea, vomiting and inability to pass stool due to intestinal blockage (bowel obstruction), Rectal bleeding, Rectal pain, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing). […] If you experience any signs and symptoms that bother you and are persistent, make an appointment with your doctor.

• #16 Signs and Symptoms of Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/gastrointestinal-carcinoid-tumor/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-symptoms.html

  Most gastrointestinal (GI) carcinoids grow slowly. If they do cause symptoms, they tend to be vague. […] The symptoms a person can have from a GI carcinoid tumor often depend on where it is growing. […] If the tumor starts in the small intestine, it can cause the intestines to kink and be blocked for a while. This can cause cramps, belly pain, weight loss, fatigue, bloating, diarrhea, or nausea and vomiting, which might come and go. These symptoms can sometimes go on for years before the carcinoid tumor is found. A tumor usually has to grow fairly large before it completely blocks (obstructs) the intestine and causes severe belly pain, nausea and vomiting, and a potentially life-threatening situation. […] A carcinoid tumor sometimes can cause intestinal bleeding. This can lead to anemia (too few red blood cells) with fatigue and shortness of breath.

• #17 Carcinoid tumors – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-tumors/symptoms-causes/syc-20351039

  Carcinoid tumors often don’t cause signs and symptoms until late in the disease. Carcinoid tumors can produce and release hormones into your body that cause signs and symptoms such as diarrhea or skin flushing. […] Some carcinoid tumors don’t cause any signs or symptoms. When they do occur, signs and symptoms are usually vague and depend on the location of the tumor. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid lung tumors include: Chest pain, Wheezing, Shortness of breath, Diarrhea, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing), Weight gain, particularly around the midsection and upper back, Pink or purple marks on the skin that look like stretch marks. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid tumors in the digestive tract include: Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Nausea, vomiting and inability to pass stool due to intestinal blockage (bowel obstruction), Rectal bleeding, Rectal pain, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing). […] If you experience any signs and symptoms that bother you and are persistent, make an appointment with your doctor.

• #18 Carcinoid Tumors: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/cancer/carcinoid-tumors

  If your doctor tells you that you’ve got a carcinoid tumor, there’s a lot to take in. The condition is a type of cancer, but unlike some other kinds, there’s more than one part of the body where it might start. And depending on where you get it, you could have a bunch of different symptoms, from pain in your belly to a bad cough. […] When carcinoid tumors form on cells that make hormones, the tumors can start to make hormone-like substances of their own. This can cause a variety of symptoms, depending on where this is going on. […] For instance, if you’ve got the tumors in your GI tract, you might notice things like this happening to you: Pain in your belly, Diarrhea, Constipation, Feel nauseated or throw up, Can’t breathe right, Get blood in your stool, Lose weight. […] If you have a lung carcinoid tumor, you might get symptoms like a cough, and you sometimes might cough up some bloody mucus. You also might hear a whistling sound while you breathe, called wheezing.

• #19 Carcinoid tumors – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-tumors/symptoms-causes/syc-20351039

  Carcinoid tumors often don’t cause signs and symptoms until late in the disease. Carcinoid tumors can produce and release hormones into your body that cause signs and symptoms such as diarrhea or skin flushing. […] Some carcinoid tumors don’t cause any signs or symptoms. When they do occur, signs and symptoms are usually vague and depend on the location of the tumor. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid lung tumors include: Chest pain, Wheezing, Shortness of breath, Diarrhea, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing), Weight gain, particularly around the midsection and upper back, Pink or purple marks on the skin that look like stretch marks. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid tumors in the digestive tract include: Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Nausea, vomiting and inability to pass stool due to intestinal blockage (bowel obstruction), Rectal bleeding, Rectal pain, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing). […] If you experience any signs and symptoms that bother you and are persistent, make an appointment with your doctor.

• #20 Carcinoid tumors – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-tumors/symptoms-causes/syc-20351039

  Carcinoid tumors often don’t cause signs and symptoms until late in the disease. Carcinoid tumors can produce and release hormones into your body that cause signs and symptoms such as diarrhea or skin flushing. […] Some carcinoid tumors don’t cause any signs or symptoms. When they do occur, signs and symptoms are usually vague and depend on the location of the tumor. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid lung tumors include: Chest pain, Wheezing, Shortness of breath, Diarrhea, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing), Weight gain, particularly around the midsection and upper back, Pink or purple marks on the skin that look like stretch marks. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid tumors in the digestive tract include: Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Nausea, vomiting and inability to pass stool due to intestinal blockage (bowel obstruction), Rectal bleeding, Rectal pain, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing). […] If you experience any signs and symptoms that bother you and are persistent, make an appointment with your doctor.

• #21 Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumors | Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center

  https://vicc.org/cancer-info/adult-gastrointestinal-carcinoid-tumors

  A gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor is cancer that forms in the lining of the gastrointestinal tract. […] Some gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors have no signs or symptoms in the early stages. […] Carcinoid syndrome may occur if the tumor spreads to the liver or other parts of the body. […] Signs and symptoms may be caused by the growth of the tumor and/or the hormones the tumor makes. Some tumors, especially tumors of the stomach or appendix, may not cause signs or symptoms. […] Signs and symptoms of GI carcinoid tumors in the duodenum (first part of the small intestine, that connects to the stomach) may include the following: Abdominal pain, Constipation, Diarrhea, Change in stool color, Nausea, Vomiting, Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes), Heartburn. […] Signs and symptoms of GI carcinoid tumors in the jejunum (middle part of the small intestine) and ileum (last part of the small intestine, that connects to the colon) may include the following: Abdominal pain, Weight loss for no known reason, Feeling very tired, Feeling bloated, Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting.

• #22 Carcinoid tumors – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-tumors/symptoms-causes/syc-20351039

  Carcinoid tumors often don’t cause signs and symptoms until late in the disease. Carcinoid tumors can produce and release hormones into your body that cause signs and symptoms such as diarrhea or skin flushing. […] Some carcinoid tumors don’t cause any signs or symptoms. When they do occur, signs and symptoms are usually vague and depend on the location of the tumor. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid lung tumors include: Chest pain, Wheezing, Shortness of breath, Diarrhea, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing), Weight gain, particularly around the midsection and upper back, Pink or purple marks on the skin that look like stretch marks. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid tumors in the digestive tract include: Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Nausea, vomiting and inability to pass stool due to intestinal blockage (bowel obstruction), Rectal bleeding, Rectal pain, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing). […] If you experience any signs and symptoms that bother you and are persistent, make an appointment with your doctor.

• #23 Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumors | Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center

  https://vicc.org/cancer-info/adult-gastrointestinal-carcinoid-tumors

  A gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor is cancer that forms in the lining of the gastrointestinal tract. […] Some gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors have no signs or symptoms in the early stages. […] Carcinoid syndrome may occur if the tumor spreads to the liver or other parts of the body. […] Signs and symptoms may be caused by the growth of the tumor and/or the hormones the tumor makes. Some tumors, especially tumors of the stomach or appendix, may not cause signs or symptoms. […] Signs and symptoms of GI carcinoid tumors in the duodenum (first part of the small intestine, that connects to the stomach) may include the following: Abdominal pain, Constipation, Diarrhea, Change in stool color, Nausea, Vomiting, Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes), Heartburn. […] Signs and symptoms of GI carcinoid tumors in the jejunum (middle part of the small intestine) and ileum (last part of the small intestine, that connects to the colon) may include the following: Abdominal pain, Weight loss for no known reason, Feeling very tired, Feeling bloated, Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting.

• #24 Signs and Symptoms of Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/gastrointestinal-carcinoid-tumor/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-symptoms.html

  Most gastrointestinal (GI) carcinoids grow slowly. If they do cause symptoms, they tend to be vague. […] The symptoms a person can have from a GI carcinoid tumor often depend on where it is growing. […] If the tumor starts in the small intestine, it can cause the intestines to kink and be blocked for a while. This can cause cramps, belly pain, weight loss, fatigue, bloating, diarrhea, or nausea and vomiting, which might come and go. These symptoms can sometimes go on for years before the carcinoid tumor is found. A tumor usually has to grow fairly large before it completely blocks (obstructs) the intestine and causes severe belly pain, nausea and vomiting, and a potentially life-threatening situation. […] A carcinoid tumor sometimes can cause intestinal bleeding. This can lead to anemia (too few red blood cells) with fatigue and shortness of breath.

• #25 Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumors | Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center

  https://vicc.org/cancer-info/adult-gastrointestinal-carcinoid-tumors

  A gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor is cancer that forms in the lining of the gastrointestinal tract. […] Some gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors have no signs or symptoms in the early stages. […] Carcinoid syndrome may occur if the tumor spreads to the liver or other parts of the body. […] Signs and symptoms may be caused by the growth of the tumor and/or the hormones the tumor makes. Some tumors, especially tumors of the stomach or appendix, may not cause signs or symptoms. […] Signs and symptoms of GI carcinoid tumors in the duodenum (first part of the small intestine, that connects to the stomach) may include the following: Abdominal pain, Constipation, Diarrhea, Change in stool color, Nausea, Vomiting, Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes), Heartburn. […] Signs and symptoms of GI carcinoid tumors in the jejunum (middle part of the small intestine) and ileum (last part of the small intestine, that connects to the colon) may include the following: Abdominal pain, Weight loss for no known reason, Feeling very tired, Feeling bloated, Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting.

• #26 Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumors | Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center

  https://vicc.org/cancer-info/adult-gastrointestinal-carcinoid-tumors

  A gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor is cancer that forms in the lining of the gastrointestinal tract. […] Some gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors have no signs or symptoms in the early stages. […] Carcinoid syndrome may occur if the tumor spreads to the liver or other parts of the body. […] Signs and symptoms may be caused by the growth of the tumor and/or the hormones the tumor makes. Some tumors, especially tumors of the stomach or appendix, may not cause signs or symptoms. […] Signs and symptoms of GI carcinoid tumors in the duodenum (first part of the small intestine, that connects to the stomach) may include the following: Abdominal pain, Constipation, Diarrhea, Change in stool color, Nausea, Vomiting, Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes), Heartburn. […] Signs and symptoms of GI carcinoid tumors in the jejunum (middle part of the small intestine) and ileum (last part of the small intestine, that connects to the colon) may include the following: Abdominal pain, Weight loss for no known reason, Feeling very tired, Feeling bloated, Diarrhea, Nausea, Vomiting.

• #27 Carcinoid Tumors: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/carcinoid-tumor

  Carcinoid tumors tend to grow very slowly. Many people dont have symptoms until the tumor grows large. […] When tumors occur in the appendix, people tend to experience symptoms resembling appendicitis, such as abdominal pain. […] Tumors in other parts of the digestive tract may cause general symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. […] In the lungs, they may cause symptoms similar to pneumonia, such as difficulty breathing, coughing up blood, wheezing, and chest pain. […] If you develop carcinoid syndrome, you may experience flushed skin in your face and upper trunk, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and purple veins on your nose and lips. […] Carcinoid tumors dont seem to have a link to family history. However, the genetic condition multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 does run in families and increases the risk of developing carcinoid tumors.

• #28 Carcinoid tumors – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-tumors/symptoms-causes/syc-20351039

  Carcinoid tumors often don’t cause signs and symptoms until late in the disease. Carcinoid tumors can produce and release hormones into your body that cause signs and symptoms such as diarrhea or skin flushing. […] Some carcinoid tumors don’t cause any signs or symptoms. When they do occur, signs and symptoms are usually vague and depend on the location of the tumor. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid lung tumors include: Chest pain, Wheezing, Shortness of breath, Diarrhea, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing), Weight gain, particularly around the midsection and upper back, Pink or purple marks on the skin that look like stretch marks. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid tumors in the digestive tract include: Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Nausea, vomiting and inability to pass stool due to intestinal blockage (bowel obstruction), Rectal bleeding, Rectal pain, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing). […] If you experience any signs and symptoms that bother you and are persistent, make an appointment with your doctor.

• #29 Lung Carcinoid Tumor: Types, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14783-carcinoid-tumors-of-the-lungs

  Symptoms of lung carcinoid tumors include: Cough, sometimes with blood or mucus. Chest pain. Shortness of breath (dyspnea). Wheezing. […] If the tumor is creating a lot of the hormone serotonin, you might have symptoms of carcinoid syndrome, including: Severe diarrhea. Redness or warmth (flushing) in your face and neck. Unexpected weight gain. Wheezing, shortness of breath or asthma-like symptoms. Many people with lung carcinoid tumors dont have symptoms. […] Complications of lung carcinoid tumors include: Pneumonia. Blockage in your lungs. Carcinoid syndrome. […] Typical lung carcinoid tumors the most common kind grow slowly and rarely spread (metastasize) to other parts of your body. Atypical lung carcinoid tumors tend to grow faster and are more likely to spread to other organs. […] Atypical lung carcinoid tumors are much less common than typical lung carcinoids and tend to grow faster. They have a greater chance of spreading to other organs.

• #30 Carcinoid tumors – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-tumors/symptoms-causes/syc-20351039

  Carcinoid tumors often don’t cause signs and symptoms until late in the disease. Carcinoid tumors can produce and release hormones into your body that cause signs and symptoms such as diarrhea or skin flushing. […] Some carcinoid tumors don’t cause any signs or symptoms. When they do occur, signs and symptoms are usually vague and depend on the location of the tumor. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid lung tumors include: Chest pain, Wheezing, Shortness of breath, Diarrhea, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing), Weight gain, particularly around the midsection and upper back, Pink or purple marks on the skin that look like stretch marks. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid tumors in the digestive tract include: Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Nausea, vomiting and inability to pass stool due to intestinal blockage (bowel obstruction), Rectal bleeding, Rectal pain, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing). […] If you experience any signs and symptoms that bother you and are persistent, make an appointment with your doctor.

• #31 Lung Carcinoid Tumor: Types, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14783-carcinoid-tumors-of-the-lungs

  Symptoms of lung carcinoid tumors include: Cough, sometimes with blood or mucus. Chest pain. Shortness of breath (dyspnea). Wheezing. […] If the tumor is creating a lot of the hormone serotonin, you might have symptoms of carcinoid syndrome, including: Severe diarrhea. Redness or warmth (flushing) in your face and neck. Unexpected weight gain. Wheezing, shortness of breath or asthma-like symptoms. Many people with lung carcinoid tumors dont have symptoms. […] Complications of lung carcinoid tumors include: Pneumonia. Blockage in your lungs. Carcinoid syndrome. […] Typical lung carcinoid tumors the most common kind grow slowly and rarely spread (metastasize) to other parts of your body. Atypical lung carcinoid tumors tend to grow faster and are more likely to spread to other organs. […] Atypical lung carcinoid tumors are much less common than typical lung carcinoids and tend to grow faster. They have a greater chance of spreading to other organs.

• #32 Carcinoid tumors – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-tumors/symptoms-causes/syc-20351039

  Carcinoid tumors often don’t cause signs and symptoms until late in the disease. Carcinoid tumors can produce and release hormones into your body that cause signs and symptoms such as diarrhea or skin flushing. […] Some carcinoid tumors don’t cause any signs or symptoms. When they do occur, signs and symptoms are usually vague and depend on the location of the tumor. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid lung tumors include: Chest pain, Wheezing, Shortness of breath, Diarrhea, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing), Weight gain, particularly around the midsection and upper back, Pink or purple marks on the skin that look like stretch marks. […] Signs and symptoms of carcinoid tumors in the digestive tract include: Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Nausea, vomiting and inability to pass stool due to intestinal blockage (bowel obstruction), Rectal bleeding, Rectal pain, Redness or a feeling of warmth in your face and neck (skin flushing). […] If you experience any signs and symptoms that bother you and are persistent, make an appointment with your doctor.

• #33 Lung Carcinoid Tumor: Types, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14783-carcinoid-tumors-of-the-lungs

  Symptoms of lung carcinoid tumors include: Cough, sometimes with blood or mucus. Chest pain. Shortness of breath (dyspnea). Wheezing. […] If the tumor is creating a lot of the hormone serotonin, you might have symptoms of carcinoid syndrome, including: Severe diarrhea. Redness or warmth (flushing) in your face and neck. Unexpected weight gain. Wheezing, shortness of breath or asthma-like symptoms. Many people with lung carcinoid tumors dont have symptoms. […] Complications of lung carcinoid tumors include: Pneumonia. Blockage in your lungs. Carcinoid syndrome. […] Typical lung carcinoid tumors the most common kind grow slowly and rarely spread (metastasize) to other parts of your body. Atypical lung carcinoid tumors tend to grow faster and are more likely to spread to other organs. […] Atypical lung carcinoid tumors are much less common than typical lung carcinoids and tend to grow faster. They have a greater chance of spreading to other organs.

• #34 Signs and Symptoms of Lung Carcinoid Tumors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/lung-carcinoid-tumor/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-and-symptoms.html

  About 2 out of 3 people with carcinoid tumors will have signs or symptoms that will lead to the diagnosis of the disease. But because carcinoids tend to grow slowly, they may not cause symptoms for several years in some people, or they may be found when tests are done for other reasons. […] Symptoms can include: Cough, which can sometimes be bloody, Wheezing, Shortness of breath, Chest pain, especially when taking deep breaths. […] Large carcinoids can cause partial or complete blockage of an air passage, which can lead to pneumonia (an infection in the lung). […] Some carcinoid tumors can make hormone-like substances that are released into the bloodstream. Lung carcinoids do this far less often than gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors. […] Rarely, lung carcinoid tumors release enough hormone-like substances into the bloodstream to cause symptoms. This causes carcinoid syndrome. Symptoms can include: Facial flushing (redness and warm feeling), Diarrhea, Wheezing, Fast heartbeat.

• #35 Carcinoid syndrome and carcinoid tumours | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/carcinoid-syndrome-and-carcinoid-tumours/

  Symptoms may result from both the tumour itself and from any hormones it releases into the bloodstream. […] Symptoms will depend on where in the body the tumour develops: a bowel carcinoid tumour may cause tummy pain, a blocked bowel (diarrhoea, constipation, feeling or being sick) and bleeding from the bottom (rectal bleeding) […] a lung carcinoid tumour may cause a cough, which may make you cough up blood, and cause wheezing, breathlessness, chest pain and tiredness […] a stomach carcinoid tumour may cause pain, weight loss, tiredness and weakness. […] Some tumours may not cause any symptoms and are discovered by chance. For example, an appendix carcinoid tumour may only be found when the appendix is being removed for another reason. […] Typical symptoms of carcinoid syndrome include: diarrhoea, tummy pain and loss of appetite

• #36 Signs and Symptoms of Lung Carcinoid Tumors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/lung-carcinoid-tumor/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-and-symptoms.html

  About 2 out of 3 people with carcinoid tumors will have signs or symptoms that will lead to the diagnosis of the disease. But because carcinoids tend to grow slowly, they may not cause symptoms for several years in some people, or they may be found when tests are done for other reasons. […] Symptoms can include: Cough, which can sometimes be bloody, Wheezing, Shortness of breath, Chest pain, especially when taking deep breaths. […] Large carcinoids can cause partial or complete blockage of an air passage, which can lead to pneumonia (an infection in the lung). […] Some carcinoid tumors can make hormone-like substances that are released into the bloodstream. Lung carcinoids do this far less often than gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors. […] Rarely, lung carcinoid tumors release enough hormone-like substances into the bloodstream to cause symptoms. This causes carcinoid syndrome. Symptoms can include: Facial flushing (redness and warm feeling), Diarrhea, Wheezing, Fast heartbeat.

• #37 Carcinoid Tumors

  https://www.health.ny.gov/statistics/cancer/registry/abouts/carcinoid.htm

  Many carcinoid tumors have no symptoms and are found when treating or looking for causes of other problems. When symptoms occur, they can be the same as symptoms of other, more common conditions. Symptoms of carcinoid tumors can include: Abdominal pain, Intestinal bleeding, Coughing up blood, Pneumonia that is not cured by antibiotics, Carcinoid syndrome (flushing of the face, diarrhea, wheezing).

• #38 Carcinoid Tumors | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2006/0801/p429.html

  Carcinoid tumors are rare, slow-growing neuroendocrine neoplasms that often are indolent and may not become clinically apparent until there has been metastatic spread or evidence of carcinoid syndrome. […] Carcinoid syndrome, although rare, is most associated with midgut carcinoid tumors. […] The diagnosis of a carcinoid tumor often is coincidental with surgery performed for another reason. […] Carcinoid tumors pose a diagnostic challenge because they often are asymptomatic. […] The average time from symptom onset to diagnosis is more than nine years. […] A carcinoid tumor often is only considered after the onset of carcinoid syndrome, which typically does not occur until the tumor has metastasized to the lungs or liver. […] The symptoms of carcinoid syndrome include flushing (pale, purplish, or red), diarrhea (watery and explosive), tachycardia or hypotension, bronchospasm, telangiectasia, and right-sided heart disease or failure.

• #39 Carcinoid Tumors: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/carcinoid-tumor

  Diagnosing a carcinoid tumor is often delayed since it doesnt usually cause symptoms in the early stages. It takes about 9.2 years from symptom onset to the diagnosis of a carcinoid tumor. […] According to the ACS, the 5-year relative survival rate for low- and intermediate-grade gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors is as follows: localized 97%, regional 95%, distant 66%, all stages 94%. […] Below are the 5-year relative survival rates for lung carcinoid tumors based on people diagnosed between 2011 and 2017: localized 98%, regional 87%, distant 58%, all stages 90%.

• #40 Signs and Symptoms of Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/gastrointestinal-carcinoid-tumor/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-symptoms.html

  Rectal carcinoid tumors are often found during routine exams, even though they can cause pain and bleeding from the rectum and constipation. […] Carcinoid tumors that develop in the stomach usually grow slowly and often do not cause symptoms. They are sometimes found when the stomach is examined by an endoscopy looking for other things. Some can cause symptoms such as the carcinoid syndrome. […] About 1 out of 10 carcinoid tumors release enough hormone-like substances into the bloodstream to cause carcinoid syndrome symptoms. These include: Facial flushing (redness and warm feeling), Severe diarrhea, Wheezing, Fast heartbeat. […] Most cases of carcinoid syndrome occur only after the cancer has already spread to other parts of the body. Carcinoid tumors in the midgut (appendix, small intestine, cecum and ascending colon) that spread to the liver are most likely to cause carcinoid syndrome.

• #41 Carcinoid – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinoid

  A carcinoid is a slow-growing type of neuroendocrine tumor originating in the cells of the neuroendocrine system. In some cases, metastasis may occur. Carcinoid tumors of the midgut (jejunum, ileum, appendix, and cecum) are associated with carcinoid syndrome. […] About 10% of carcinoids secrete excessive levels of a range of hormones, most notably serotonin, causing: Flushing, diarrhea, wheezing, abdominal cramping, peripheral edema. […] This constellation of symptoms is called carcinoid syndrome or (if acute) carcinoid crisis. Occasionally, hemorrhage or the effects of tumor bulk are the presenting symptoms. […] Metastasis of carcinoid can lead to carcinoid syndrome. This is due to the over-production of many substances, including serotonin, which are released into the systemic circulation, and which can lead to symptoms of cutaneous flushing, diarrhea, bronchoconstriction, and right-sided cardiac valve disease. It is estimated that less than 6% of carcinoid patients will develop carcinoid syndrome, and of these, 50% will have cardiac involvement.

• #42 Carcinoid syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20370666

  Carcinoid syndrome occurs when a rare cancerous tumor called a carcinoid tumor secretes certain chemicals into your bloodstream, causing a variety of signs and symptoms. […] Carcinoid syndrome typically occurs in people who have carcinoid tumors that are advanced. […] The signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome depend on which chemicals the carcinoid tumor secretes into your bloodstream. […] The most common signs and symptoms include: Skin flushing. The skin on your face and upper chest feels hot and changes color ranging from pink to purple. Flushing episodes may last from a few minutes to a few hours or longer. […] Diarrhea. Frequent, watery stools sometimes accompanied by abdominal cramps may occur in people who have carcinoid syndrome. […] Difficulty breathing. Asthma-like signs and symptoms, such as wheezing and shortness of breath, may occur at the same time you experience skin flushing.

• #43 Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/282515-overview

  Malignant carcinoid syndrome is characterized by an array of signs and symptoms in particular, hot, red flushing of the face; severe and debilitating diarrhea; and asthma attacks caused by vasoactive hormones secreted by metastases from carcinoid tumors. […] Carcinoids do not produce the malignant carcinoid syndrome until they are no longer confined to the small bowel or mesentery, perhaps because the liver breaks down the secretory products of tumors restricted to those locations. […] Pathophysiology is closely related to the sites of the primary tumors. When these tumors spread to the liver, patients usually begin to develop malignant carcinoid syndrome. In fact, this syndrome develops when vasoactive substances produced by a carcinoid tumor escape hepatic degradation and gain access to the systemic circulation.

• #44 Carcinoid Syndrome – NETRF

  https://netrf.org/old-for-patients/living-with-nets/carcinoid-syndrome/

  Carcinoid syndrome is a constellation, collection, or group of symptoms experienced by a subset of people who have a neuroendocrine tumor. […] The signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome can be broad but the most common ones include: Flushing, Diarrhea. […] Less common signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome include: Wheezing, Abdominal pain, Visible thread-like blood vessels (also called telangiectasias), Low blood pressure causing dizziness or feeling you may pass out (also called hypotension). […] Flushing is largely due to widening or dilation of blood vessels and can occur at the same time as a lowering of blood pressure and an increase in heart rate. […] Diarrhea occurs at irregular intervals. Can be accompanied by abdominal cramping. […] Pain in the abdomen that can be progressive.

• #45 Carcinoid syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20370666

  Carcinoid syndrome occurs when a rare cancerous tumor called a carcinoid tumor secretes certain chemicals into your bloodstream, causing a variety of signs and symptoms. […] Carcinoid syndrome typically occurs in people who have carcinoid tumors that are advanced. […] The signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome depend on which chemicals the carcinoid tumor secretes into your bloodstream. […] The most common signs and symptoms include: Skin flushing. The skin on your face and upper chest feels hot and changes color ranging from pink to purple. Flushing episodes may last from a few minutes to a few hours or longer. […] Diarrhea. Frequent, watery stools sometimes accompanied by abdominal cramps may occur in people who have carcinoid syndrome. […] Difficulty breathing. Asthma-like signs and symptoms, such as wheezing and shortness of breath, may occur at the same time you experience skin flushing.

• #46 Carcinoid syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20370666

  Carcinoid syndrome occurs when a rare cancerous tumor called a carcinoid tumor secretes certain chemicals into your bloodstream, causing a variety of signs and symptoms. […] Carcinoid syndrome typically occurs in people who have carcinoid tumors that are advanced. […] The signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome depend on which chemicals the carcinoid tumor secretes into your bloodstream. […] The most common signs and symptoms include: Skin flushing. The skin on your face and upper chest feels hot and changes color ranging from pink to purple. Flushing episodes may last from a few minutes to a few hours or longer. […] Diarrhea. Frequent, watery stools sometimes accompanied by abdominal cramps may occur in people who have carcinoid syndrome. […] Difficulty breathing. Asthma-like signs and symptoms, such as wheezing and shortness of breath, may occur at the same time you experience skin flushing.

• #47 Carcinoid Syndrome – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448096/

  Flushing is the most prevalent symptom, reported in approximately 85% of patients. […] Diarrhea, affecting about 80% of patients, is another hallmark symptom. […] Cardiac involvement occurs in 60% to 70% of patients and is caused by fibrotic plaque-like deposits on the endocardium, valves, and other cardiac structures, eg, the pulmonary and aortic arteries. […] Although less common, bronchospasm affects 10% to 20% of patients and typically manifests as wheezing and difficulty breathing, often during flushing episodes. […] Additional, less common manifestations of carcinoid syndrome include pellagra, which is caused by niacin deficiency due to excessive tryptophan being used for serotonin synthesis. […] The prognosis of carcinoid syndrome is dependent on the underlying tumor characteristics, stage, and extent of metastasis, as well as the presence of associated complications, eg, carcinoid heart disease or carcinoid crisis. […] One of the most significant complications is carcinoid heart disease, characterized by fibrotic plaque deposition on the endocardium of right-sided heart valves, leading to tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonic stenosis, and eventually right-sided heart failure.

• #48 Carcinoid syndrome – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinoid_syndrome

  Carcinoid syndrome is a paraneoplastic syndrome comprising the signs and symptoms that occur secondary to neuroendocrine tumors (formerly known as carcinoid tumors). The syndrome is caused by neuroendocrine tumors most often found in the gut releasing biologically active substances into the blood causing symptoms such as flushing and diarrhea, and less frequently, heart failure, vomiting and bronchoconstriction. […] The carcinoid syndrome occurs in approximately 10% of all neuroendocrine tumors or about 30-40% of more advanced/well developed neuroendocrine tumors. The biologically active substances that are released by the tumors cause the symptoms of the carcinoid syndrome. […] Flushing: The most common finding is flushing of the skin, usually of the head and the upper part of thorax in about 85% of people. The flushing may come and go and may also be triggered by various factors such as diet (i.e. alcohol intake), activity, and stress.

• #49 Carcinoid syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20370666

  Carcinoid syndrome occurs when a rare cancerous tumor called a carcinoid tumor secretes certain chemicals into your bloodstream, causing a variety of signs and symptoms. […] Carcinoid syndrome typically occurs in people who have carcinoid tumors that are advanced. […] The signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome depend on which chemicals the carcinoid tumor secretes into your bloodstream. […] The most common signs and symptoms include: Skin flushing. The skin on your face and upper chest feels hot and changes color ranging from pink to purple. Flushing episodes may last from a few minutes to a few hours or longer. […] Diarrhea. Frequent, watery stools sometimes accompanied by abdominal cramps may occur in people who have carcinoid syndrome. […] Difficulty breathing. Asthma-like signs and symptoms, such as wheezing and shortness of breath, may occur at the same time you experience skin flushing.

• #50 Carcinoid Syndrome – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448096/

  Flushing is the most prevalent symptom, reported in approximately 85% of patients. […] Diarrhea, affecting about 80% of patients, is another hallmark symptom. […] Cardiac involvement occurs in 60% to 70% of patients and is caused by fibrotic plaque-like deposits on the endocardium, valves, and other cardiac structures, eg, the pulmonary and aortic arteries. […] Although less common, bronchospasm affects 10% to 20% of patients and typically manifests as wheezing and difficulty breathing, often during flushing episodes. […] Additional, less common manifestations of carcinoid syndrome include pellagra, which is caused by niacin deficiency due to excessive tryptophan being used for serotonin synthesis. […] The prognosis of carcinoid syndrome is dependent on the underlying tumor characteristics, stage, and extent of metastasis, as well as the presence of associated complications, eg, carcinoid heart disease or carcinoid crisis. […] One of the most significant complications is carcinoid heart disease, characterized by fibrotic plaque deposition on the endocardium of right-sided heart valves, leading to tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonic stenosis, and eventually right-sided heart failure.

• #51 Carcinoid syndrome in neuroendocrine tumours (NETs)| Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/neuroendocrine-tumours-nets/about-carcinoid-syndrome

  Diarrhoea means you have changes to: the consistency of your poo (stool) – for example it is more watery than usual; how often you are going – for example over 24 hours you might have 2 or more loose bowel movements than usual; how much you are passing (the volume) when you have your bowels open. Diarrhoea can be severe. Some people with carcinoid syndrome have diarrhoea more than 30 times a day. 80 out of every 100 people (80%) with carcinoid syndrome have diarrhoea. […] Other symptoms of carcinoid syndrome include: tummy (abdominal) pain; red spidery marks on your skin caused by small broken blood vessels – this is called telangiectasia; a whistling sound when breathing – this is called wheezing; fast heartbeat and palpitations; a build up of fluid in your legs and ankles. […] Carcinoid crisis is a more serious version of carcinoid syndrome. It happens when NETs make large amounts of hormones and proteins. A carcinoid crisis can happen for no reason. In some people, an anaesthetic or treatment such as surgery or chemotherapy can set it off. Symptoms of carcinoid crisis are severe and might include: sudden, severe changes to your blood pressure – this might cause you to feel dizzy and pass out; palpitations; difficulties with breathing and a whistling sound when breathing – this is called wheezing; sudden severe redness of the skin – this is called flushing; very severe (profuse) diarrhoea.

• #52 Carcinoid syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20370666

  Carcinoid syndrome occurs when a rare cancerous tumor called a carcinoid tumor secretes certain chemicals into your bloodstream, causing a variety of signs and symptoms. […] Carcinoid syndrome typically occurs in people who have carcinoid tumors that are advanced. […] The signs and symptoms of carcinoid syndrome depend on which chemicals the carcinoid tumor secretes into your bloodstream. […] The most common signs and symptoms include: Skin flushing. The skin on your face and upper chest feels hot and changes color ranging from pink to purple. Flushing episodes may last from a few minutes to a few hours or longer. […] Diarrhea. Frequent, watery stools sometimes accompanied by abdominal cramps may occur in people who have carcinoid syndrome. […] Difficulty breathing. Asthma-like signs and symptoms, such as wheezing and shortness of breath, may occur at the same time you experience skin flushing.

• #53 Carcinoid Syndrome – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448096/

  Flushing is the most prevalent symptom, reported in approximately 85% of patients. […] Diarrhea, affecting about 80% of patients, is another hallmark symptom. […] Cardiac involvement occurs in 60% to 70% of patients and is caused by fibrotic plaque-like deposits on the endocardium, valves, and other cardiac structures, eg, the pulmonary and aortic arteries. […] Although less common, bronchospasm affects 10% to 20% of patients and typically manifests as wheezing and difficulty breathing, often during flushing episodes. […] Additional, less common manifestations of carcinoid syndrome include pellagra, which is caused by niacin deficiency due to excessive tryptophan being used for serotonin synthesis. […] The prognosis of carcinoid syndrome is dependent on the underlying tumor characteristics, stage, and extent of metastasis, as well as the presence of associated complications, eg, carcinoid heart disease or carcinoid crisis. […] One of the most significant complications is carcinoid heart disease, characterized by fibrotic plaque deposition on the endocardium of right-sided heart valves, leading to tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonic stenosis, and eventually right-sided heart failure.

• #54 Carcinoid syndrome – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinoid_syndrome

  Diarrhea: The second most common finding occurring in about 80% of people. It may also be associated with abdominal cramping and pain. […] Bronchoconstriction: A relatively rare symptom affects about 15% of those having carcinoid syndrome and often accompanies flushing, sneezing, and shortness of breath. […] Heart Disease: About 60-70% of those affected by carcinoid syndrome develop cardiac complications. This mainly affects the right side of the heart causing fibrosis of the tricuspid and pulmonic valves. […] Less common symptoms include malabsorption (leading to pellagra), fatigue, muscle loss, and cognitive impairment. Late complications may include mesenteric and retroperitoneal fibroses as well. […] Carcinoid crisis is an extreme exacerbation of the carcinoid syndrome. This results from excessive release of amines by the neuroendocrine tumors. It is largely a result of stressful procedures such as anesthesia, surgery, or radiation treatment. Symptoms of carcinoid crisis include flushing, hypotension, arrhythmia and bronchospasm. […] Disease progression is difficult to ascertain because the disease can metastasize anywhere in the body and can be too small to identify with any current technology. Markers of the condition such as chromogranin-A are imperfect indicators of disease progression.

• #55 Carcinoid Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22103-carcinoid-syndrome

  Carcinoid syndrome symptoms include diarrhea, flushing and wheezing. […] Carcinoid syndrome symptoms caused by NET of GI. […] Sometimes, a carcinoid syndrome diagnosis is the first indication you have a neuroendocrine tumor. […] Very rarely, people with carcinoid syndrome have carcinoid crises, a potentially life-threatening condition that can happen if your carcinoid syndrome goes undiagnosed or untreated. […] Studies suggest the most common symptoms include: Uncomfortable flushing of your head and neck. Wheezing and shortness of breath (dyspnea). Abdominal cramping and explosive, frequent diarrhea. Fatty poops that smell bad. Edema or swelling of your feet and legs. This can be a symptom of heart failure. Some people might lose interest in sex or have erectile dysfunction. Jaundice, which is when your skin and the whites of your eyes turn yellow. Dizziness or feeling faint. This can be a sign of low blood pressure. Feeling like your heart is racing.

• #56 Carcinoid syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20370666

  Rapid heartbeat. Periods of a fast heart rate could be a sign of carcinoid syndrome. […] Most people who experience carcinoid syndrome have an advanced cancer that has spread to the liver. […] Some carcinoid tumors don’t have to be advanced to cause carcinoid syndrome. […] Having carcinoid syndrome can cause the following complications: Carcinoid heart disease. Some people with carcinoid syndrome develop carcinoid heart disease. […] Carcinoid crisis causes a severe episode of flushing, low blood pressure, confusion and breathing difficulty.

• #57 Carcinoid Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22103-carcinoid-syndrome

  Carcinoid syndrome symptoms include diarrhea, flushing and wheezing. […] Carcinoid syndrome symptoms caused by NET of GI. […] Sometimes, a carcinoid syndrome diagnosis is the first indication you have a neuroendocrine tumor. […] Very rarely, people with carcinoid syndrome have carcinoid crises, a potentially life-threatening condition that can happen if your carcinoid syndrome goes undiagnosed or untreated. […] Studies suggest the most common symptoms include: Uncomfortable flushing of your head and neck. Wheezing and shortness of breath (dyspnea). Abdominal cramping and explosive, frequent diarrhea. Fatty poops that smell bad. Edema or swelling of your feet and legs. This can be a symptom of heart failure. Some people might lose interest in sex or have erectile dysfunction. Jaundice, which is when your skin and the whites of your eyes turn yellow. Dizziness or feeling faint. This can be a sign of low blood pressure. Feeling like your heart is racing.

• #58 Carcinoid Syndrome – NETRF

  https://netrf.org/old-for-patients/living-with-nets/carcinoid-syndrome/

  Low blood pressure (or hypotension) occurs when blood pressure is lower than 90/60 mm Hg. […] Collections of tiny blood vessels that appear close to the surface of the skin on the faces of people with NETs, which are a consequence of repeated severe flushing episodes. […] A high-pitched whistling sound while breathing, which can be associated with difficulty breathing. […] Carcinoid syndrome can develop when a neuroendocrine tumor produces sufficient quantities of substances that cause the symptoms associated with the condition. […] Carcinoid syndrome is most commonly caused by NETs that occur in the midgut and spread (metastasize) to the liver; however, in rare instances, carcinoid syndrome may be caused by NETs originating in the foregut and hindgut.

• #59 Carcinoid syndrome in neuroendocrine tumours (NETs)| Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/neuroendocrine-tumours-nets/about-carcinoid-syndrome

  Diarrhoea means you have changes to: the consistency of your poo (stool) – for example it is more watery than usual; how often you are going – for example over 24 hours you might have 2 or more loose bowel movements than usual; how much you are passing (the volume) when you have your bowels open. Diarrhoea can be severe. Some people with carcinoid syndrome have diarrhoea more than 30 times a day. 80 out of every 100 people (80%) with carcinoid syndrome have diarrhoea. […] Other symptoms of carcinoid syndrome include: tummy (abdominal) pain; red spidery marks on your skin caused by small broken blood vessels – this is called telangiectasia; a whistling sound when breathing – this is called wheezing; fast heartbeat and palpitations; a build up of fluid in your legs and ankles. […] Carcinoid crisis is a more serious version of carcinoid syndrome. It happens when NETs make large amounts of hormones and proteins. A carcinoid crisis can happen for no reason. In some people, an anaesthetic or treatment such as surgery or chemotherapy can set it off. Symptoms of carcinoid crisis are severe and might include: sudden, severe changes to your blood pressure – this might cause you to feel dizzy and pass out; palpitations; difficulties with breathing and a whistling sound when breathing – this is called wheezing; sudden severe redness of the skin – this is called flushing; very severe (profuse) diarrhoea.

• #60 Carcinoid syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000347.htm

  Carcinoid syndrome is a group of symptoms associated with carcinoid tumors. These are tumors most often of the small intestine, colon, appendix, pancreas, or bronchial tubes in the lungs. […] Carcinoid syndrome occurs in very few people with carcinoid tumors, typically after the tumor has spread to the liver or lung. […] The carcinoid syndrome is made up of four main symptoms including: Flushing (face, neck, or upper chest), or widened blood vessels seen on the skin (telangiectasias), Difficulty breathing, such as wheezing, Diarrhea, Heart problems, such as leaking heart valves, blood pressure changes, and heart palpitations. […] Symptoms are sometimes brought on by physical exertion, or eating or drinking things such as blue cheese, chocolate, or red wine. […] In people with carcinoid syndrome, the tumor has usually spread to the liver. This lowers the survival rate. Overall, the prognosis is usually poor.

• #61 Carcinoid Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22103-carcinoid-syndrome

  Carcinoid syndrome symptoms include diarrhea, flushing and wheezing. […] Carcinoid syndrome symptoms caused by NET of GI. […] Sometimes, a carcinoid syndrome diagnosis is the first indication you have a neuroendocrine tumor. […] Very rarely, people with carcinoid syndrome have carcinoid crises, a potentially life-threatening condition that can happen if your carcinoid syndrome goes undiagnosed or untreated. […] Studies suggest the most common symptoms include: Uncomfortable flushing of your head and neck. Wheezing and shortness of breath (dyspnea). Abdominal cramping and explosive, frequent diarrhea. Fatty poops that smell bad. Edema or swelling of your feet and legs. This can be a symptom of heart failure. Some people might lose interest in sex or have erectile dysfunction. Jaundice, which is when your skin and the whites of your eyes turn yellow. Dizziness or feeling faint. This can be a sign of low blood pressure. Feeling like your heart is racing.

• #62 Carcinoid syndrome in neuroendocrine tumours (NETs)| Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/neuroendocrine-tumours-nets/about-carcinoid-syndrome

  Diarrhoea means you have changes to: the consistency of your poo (stool) – for example it is more watery than usual; how often you are going – for example over 24 hours you might have 2 or more loose bowel movements than usual; how much you are passing (the volume) when you have your bowels open. Diarrhoea can be severe. Some people with carcinoid syndrome have diarrhoea more than 30 times a day. 80 out of every 100 people (80%) with carcinoid syndrome have diarrhoea. […] Other symptoms of carcinoid syndrome include: tummy (abdominal) pain; red spidery marks on your skin caused by small broken blood vessels – this is called telangiectasia; a whistling sound when breathing – this is called wheezing; fast heartbeat and palpitations; a build up of fluid in your legs and ankles. […] Carcinoid crisis is a more serious version of carcinoid syndrome. It happens when NETs make large amounts of hormones and proteins. A carcinoid crisis can happen for no reason. In some people, an anaesthetic or treatment such as surgery or chemotherapy can set it off. Symptoms of carcinoid crisis are severe and might include: sudden, severe changes to your blood pressure – this might cause you to feel dizzy and pass out; palpitations; difficulties with breathing and a whistling sound when breathing – this is called wheezing; sudden severe redness of the skin – this is called flushing; very severe (profuse) diarrhoea.

• #63 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Carcinoid-Tumor-Signs-and-Symptoms.aspx

  Carcinoid tumors may sometimes be asymptomatic but may show symptoms in other patients. The signs of the illness are not definite and depend greatly on the location of the tumor. Hormones released into the blood by one out of ten carcinoid tumors are responsible for causing the symptoms of the illness. […] Factors including stress, heavy exercise, and alcohol consumption lead to symptoms in several patients with carcinoid tumor. […] Around 60% of patients suffer from carcinoid syndrome caused by a carcinoid tumor that has grown over a period of time. […] The following are the symptoms that are seen in a patients suffering from carcinoid syndrome. […] Lung carcinoid tumor symptoms can be identified clinically from the symptoms revealed in at least two of three people who have acquired carcinoid tumor. As carcinoids progress at a slow pace, the symptoms often go by unnoticed for many years and are often detected by medical procedures used to diagnose/treat other conditions.

• #64 Carcinoid Tumor | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/c/carcinoid-tumor.html

  Carcinoid tumors are also called neuroendocrine tumors. It’s a rare type of cancer. Carcinoid tumors tend to grow slowly. Few people with these tumors have symptoms. So you may have a carcinoid tumor for many years and never know it. […] In rare cases, a functional carcinoid tumor can cause a group of symptoms called carcinoid syndrome. This tends to happen after the tumor has spread. The symptoms may be triggered by exercise, stress, or certain foods and drinks, like alcohol (especially red wine), walnuts, pecans, bananas, tofu, and aged cheeses. These are common symptoms: Your face gets red (flushed), Cramps, Diarrhea, Nausea or vomiting, Asthma-like breathing problems, Shortness of breath, Fainting, Fast heart rate (palpitations), Blood pressure changes, Right-sided valvular heart disease in some people.

• #65 Carcinoid syndrome: Causes and Management – DermNet

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/carcinoid-syndrome

  Carcinoid syndrome is characterised by episodic cutaneous flushing, diarrhoea, and wheezing. […] Carcinoid symptoms are more common in those with bowel tumours, particularly when they have spread to the liver. […] The main cutaneous feature of carcinoid syndrome is flushing, which occurs in 75% of cases. This is caused by transient dilation of blood vessels. […] Flushing could be spontaneous or triggered by psychological stress, physical stress, infection, alcohol, food items which are either spicy or rich in amines, and medications. […] Carcinoid syndrome may also cause other symptoms such as weight loss, low blood pressure, and abdominal pain. […] Carcinoid syndrome can cause carcinoid crisis, which involves cutaneous flushing, hypotension, tachycardia/arrhythmias, bronchospasm, and/or sometimes hyperthermia.

• #66 Carcinoid Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22103-carcinoid-syndrome

  Carcinoid syndrome may cause several kinds of complications, including carcinoid crises, which can be life-threatening. […] Carcinoid crisis is an extremely rare but life-threatening condition. […] Carcinoid syndrome symptoms get worse over time if untreated and can become a life-threatening condition called carcinoid crisis.

• #67 Carcinoid syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carcinoid-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20370666

  Rapid heartbeat. Periods of a fast heart rate could be a sign of carcinoid syndrome. […] Most people who experience carcinoid syndrome have an advanced cancer that has spread to the liver. […] Some carcinoid tumors don’t have to be advanced to cause carcinoid syndrome. […] Having carcinoid syndrome can cause the following complications: Carcinoid heart disease. Some people with carcinoid syndrome develop carcinoid heart disease. […] Carcinoid crisis causes a severe episode of flushing, low blood pressure, confusion and breathing difficulty.

• #68 Carcinoid Syndrome – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448096/

  Flushing is the most prevalent symptom, reported in approximately 85% of patients. […] Diarrhea, affecting about 80% of patients, is another hallmark symptom. […] Cardiac involvement occurs in 60% to 70% of patients and is caused by fibrotic plaque-like deposits on the endocardium, valves, and other cardiac structures, eg, the pulmonary and aortic arteries. […] Although less common, bronchospasm affects 10% to 20% of patients and typically manifests as wheezing and difficulty breathing, often during flushing episodes. […] Additional, less common manifestations of carcinoid syndrome include pellagra, which is caused by niacin deficiency due to excessive tryptophan being used for serotonin synthesis. […] The prognosis of carcinoid syndrome is dependent on the underlying tumor characteristics, stage, and extent of metastasis, as well as the presence of associated complications, eg, carcinoid heart disease or carcinoid crisis. […] One of the most significant complications is carcinoid heart disease, characterized by fibrotic plaque deposition on the endocardium of right-sided heart valves, leading to tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonic stenosis, and eventually right-sided heart failure.

• #69 Carcinoid Tumor: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/986050-overview

  Signs and symptoms of carcinoid tumors vary greatly. Carcinoid tumors can be „nonfunctioning” presenting as a tumor mass or „functioning” i.e. producing several biopeptides causing carcinoid syndrome. The sign and symptoms of a „nonfunctioning” tumor depend on the tumor location and size as well as on the presence of metastases. Therefore, findings range from no tumor-related symptoms (most carcinoid tumors) to full symptoms of carcinoid syndrome (primarily in adults). […] At times, the tumor is found as an incidental finding in a histopathologic examination. Due to their vague and intermittent symptoms, diagnosis of carcinoid tumors may be delayed, especially in children, in whom the tumor is rare and the diagnosis is unexpected. […] Signs and symptoms seen in larger tumors may include the following: Periodic abdominal pain: Most common presentation for a small intestinal carcinoid; often associated with malignant carcinoid syndrome. Cutaneous flushing: Early and frequent (94%) symptom; typically affects head and neck; often associated with an unpleasant warm feeling, itching, rash, sweating, palpitation, upper-body erythema and edema, salivation, diaphoresis, lacrimation, and diarrhea. Diarrhea and malabsorption (84%): Watery, frothy, or bulky stools, gastrointestinal (GI) bleed or steatorrhea; may or may not be associated with abdominal pain, flushing, and cramps. Cardiac manifestations (60%): Valvular heart lesions, fibrosis of the endocardium; may lead to heart failure with tachycardia and hypertension. Wheezing or asthmalike syndrome (25%): Due to bronchial constriction; some tremors are relatively indolent and result in chronic symptoms such as cough and dyspnea. Pellagra with scale-like skin lesions, diarrhea and mental disturbances. Carcinoid crisis can be the most serious symptom of carcinoid tumors and can be life-threatening. It can occur suddenly, after stress, or following chemotherapy and anesthesia.

• #70 Carcinoid Syndrome – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448096/

  Flushing is the most prevalent symptom, reported in approximately 85% of patients. […] Diarrhea, affecting about 80% of patients, is another hallmark symptom. […] Cardiac involvement occurs in 60% to 70% of patients and is caused by fibrotic plaque-like deposits on the endocardium, valves, and other cardiac structures, eg, the pulmonary and aortic arteries. […] Although less common, bronchospasm affects 10% to 20% of patients and typically manifests as wheezing and difficulty breathing, often during flushing episodes. […] Additional, less common manifestations of carcinoid syndrome include pellagra, which is caused by niacin deficiency due to excessive tryptophan being used for serotonin synthesis. […] The prognosis of carcinoid syndrome is dependent on the underlying tumor characteristics, stage, and extent of metastasis, as well as the presence of associated complications, eg, carcinoid heart disease or carcinoid crisis. […] One of the most significant complications is carcinoid heart disease, characterized by fibrotic plaque deposition on the endocardium of right-sided heart valves, leading to tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonic stenosis, and eventually right-sided heart failure.

• #71 Signs and Symptoms of Lung Carcinoid Tumors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/lung-carcinoid-tumor/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-and-symptoms.html

  Over a long time, these hormone-like substances can damage heart valves, causing: Shortness of breath, Weakness, Heart murmur (an abnormal heart sound). […] In rare cases, lung carcinoid tumors may make a hormone called ACTH. This causes the adrenal glands to make too much cortisol (a steroid hormone) and other hormones. This can lead to: Weight gain, Easy bruising, Weakness, Drowsiness, High blood sugar (or even diabetes), High blood pressure, Increased body and facial hair. […] The symptoms and signs above may be caused by lung carcinoid tumors, but they can also be caused by other conditions. Still, if you have any of these problems, it’s important to see your doctor so the cause can be found and treated, if needed.

• #72 Carcinoid syndrome in neuroendocrine tumours (NETs)| Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/neuroendocrine-tumours-nets/about-carcinoid-syndrome

  Carcinoid heart disease happens when there is a build up of plaque or scar tissue in the heart valves and the heart muscle. Over time, the valves become thicker and this can affect how the heart works. Carcinoid heart disease happens in up to 50 out of every 100 people with carcinoid syndrome (up to 50%). Symptoms of carcinoid heart disease are usually vague. Most people don’t have any symptoms until it is severe. Symptoms include: feeling breathless; tiredness (fatigue); a build up of fluid in your body causing swelling; weight loss. […] Carcinoid crisis is a medical emergency. Contact your doctor and go to your local AE if you think you have this.

• #73 Carcinoid Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22103-carcinoid-syndrome

  Carcinoid syndrome may cause several kinds of complications, including carcinoid crises, which can be life-threatening. […] Carcinoid crisis is an extremely rare but life-threatening condition. […] Carcinoid syndrome symptoms get worse over time if untreated and can become a life-threatening condition called carcinoid crisis.

• #74 Carcinoid syndrome in neuroendocrine tumours (NETs)| Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/neuroendocrine-tumours-nets/about-carcinoid-syndrome

  Diarrhoea means you have changes to: the consistency of your poo (stool) – for example it is more watery than usual; how often you are going – for example over 24 hours you might have 2 or more loose bowel movements than usual; how much you are passing (the volume) when you have your bowels open. Diarrhoea can be severe. Some people with carcinoid syndrome have diarrhoea more than 30 times a day. 80 out of every 100 people (80%) with carcinoid syndrome have diarrhoea. […] Other symptoms of carcinoid syndrome include: tummy (abdominal) pain; red spidery marks on your skin caused by small broken blood vessels – this is called telangiectasia; a whistling sound when breathing – this is called wheezing; fast heartbeat and palpitations; a build up of fluid in your legs and ankles. […] Carcinoid crisis is a more serious version of carcinoid syndrome. It happens when NETs make large amounts of hormones and proteins. A carcinoid crisis can happen for no reason. In some people, an anaesthetic or treatment such as surgery or chemotherapy can set it off. Symptoms of carcinoid crisis are severe and might include: sudden, severe changes to your blood pressure – this might cause you to feel dizzy and pass out; palpitations; difficulties with breathing and a whistling sound when breathing – this is called wheezing; sudden severe redness of the skin – this is called flushing; very severe (profuse) diarrhoea.

• #75 Carcinoid Tumor: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/986050-overview

  Signs and symptoms of carcinoid tumors vary greatly. Carcinoid tumors can be „nonfunctioning” presenting as a tumor mass or „functioning” i.e. producing several biopeptides causing carcinoid syndrome. The sign and symptoms of a „nonfunctioning” tumor depend on the tumor location and size as well as on the presence of metastases. Therefore, findings range from no tumor-related symptoms (most carcinoid tumors) to full symptoms of carcinoid syndrome (primarily in adults). […] At times, the tumor is found as an incidental finding in a histopathologic examination. Due to their vague and intermittent symptoms, diagnosis of carcinoid tumors may be delayed, especially in children, in whom the tumor is rare and the diagnosis is unexpected. […] Signs and symptoms seen in larger tumors may include the following: Periodic abdominal pain: Most common presentation for a small intestinal carcinoid; often associated with malignant carcinoid syndrome. Cutaneous flushing: Early and frequent (94%) symptom; typically affects head and neck; often associated with an unpleasant warm feeling, itching, rash, sweating, palpitation, upper-body erythema and edema, salivation, diaphoresis, lacrimation, and diarrhea. Diarrhea and malabsorption (84%): Watery, frothy, or bulky stools, gastrointestinal (GI) bleed or steatorrhea; may or may not be associated with abdominal pain, flushing, and cramps. Cardiac manifestations (60%): Valvular heart lesions, fibrosis of the endocardium; may lead to heart failure with tachycardia and hypertension. Wheezing or asthmalike syndrome (25%): Due to bronchial constriction; some tremors are relatively indolent and result in chronic symptoms such as cough and dyspnea. Pellagra with scale-like skin lesions, diarrhea and mental disturbances. Carcinoid crisis can be the most serious symptom of carcinoid tumors and can be life-threatening. It can occur suddenly, after stress, or following chemotherapy and anesthesia.

• #76 Carcinoid Tumor: Treatment, Symptoms, Meaning

  https://www.medicinenet.com/carcinoid_syndrome/article.htm

  Heart disease occurs in an estimated 50% of patients with carcinoid syndrome. Carcinoid syndrome typically causes scarring and stiffness of the tricuspid and pulmonic valves of the right side of the heart. […] Carcinoid crisis is a dangerous condition that can occur at the time of surgery. It is characterized by a sudden and profound drop in blood pressure causing shock, sometimes accompanied by an abnormally fast heart rate, high blood glucose, and severe bronchospasm. […] Wheezing occurs in approximately 10% of patients with carcinoid syndrome. It is the result of bronchospasm (constriction of the bronchial airways) caused by hormones released by carcinoid tumors. […] Abdominal pain is common in patients with carcinoid syndrome. The pain may be due to tumor metastases in the liver, tumor invading neighboring tissues and organs, or tumor-causing bowel obstruction.

• #77 Carcinoid syndrome – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinoid_syndrome

  Diarrhea: The second most common finding occurring in about 80% of people. It may also be associated with abdominal cramping and pain. […] Bronchoconstriction: A relatively rare symptom affects about 15% of those having carcinoid syndrome and often accompanies flushing, sneezing, and shortness of breath. […] Heart Disease: About 60-70% of those affected by carcinoid syndrome develop cardiac complications. This mainly affects the right side of the heart causing fibrosis of the tricuspid and pulmonic valves. […] Less common symptoms include malabsorption (leading to pellagra), fatigue, muscle loss, and cognitive impairment. Late complications may include mesenteric and retroperitoneal fibroses as well. […] Carcinoid crisis is an extreme exacerbation of the carcinoid syndrome. This results from excessive release of amines by the neuroendocrine tumors. It is largely a result of stressful procedures such as anesthesia, surgery, or radiation treatment. Symptoms of carcinoid crisis include flushing, hypotension, arrhythmia and bronchospasm. […] Disease progression is difficult to ascertain because the disease can metastasize anywhere in the body and can be too small to identify with any current technology. Markers of the condition such as chromogranin-A are imperfect indicators of disease progression.

• #78 Carcinoid syndrome in neuroendocrine tumours (NETs)| Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/neuroendocrine-tumours-nets/about-carcinoid-syndrome

  Diarrhoea means you have changes to: the consistency of your poo (stool) – for example it is more watery than usual; how often you are going – for example over 24 hours you might have 2 or more loose bowel movements than usual; how much you are passing (the volume) when you have your bowels open. Diarrhoea can be severe. Some people with carcinoid syndrome have diarrhoea more than 30 times a day. 80 out of every 100 people (80%) with carcinoid syndrome have diarrhoea. […] Other symptoms of carcinoid syndrome include: tummy (abdominal) pain; red spidery marks on your skin caused by small broken blood vessels – this is called telangiectasia; a whistling sound when breathing – this is called wheezing; fast heartbeat and palpitations; a build up of fluid in your legs and ankles. […] Carcinoid crisis is a more serious version of carcinoid syndrome. It happens when NETs make large amounts of hormones and proteins. A carcinoid crisis can happen for no reason. In some people, an anaesthetic or treatment such as surgery or chemotherapy can set it off. Symptoms of carcinoid crisis are severe and might include: sudden, severe changes to your blood pressure – this might cause you to feel dizzy and pass out; palpitations; difficulties with breathing and a whistling sound when breathing – this is called wheezing; sudden severe redness of the skin – this is called flushing; very severe (profuse) diarrhoea.

• #79 Carcinoid syndrome in neuroendocrine tumours (NETs)| Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/neuroendocrine-tumours-nets/about-carcinoid-syndrome

  Carcinoid heart disease happens when there is a build up of plaque or scar tissue in the heart valves and the heart muscle. Over time, the valves become thicker and this can affect how the heart works. Carcinoid heart disease happens in up to 50 out of every 100 people with carcinoid syndrome (up to 50%). Symptoms of carcinoid heart disease are usually vague. Most people don’t have any symptoms until it is severe. Symptoms include: feeling breathless; tiredness (fatigue); a build up of fluid in your body causing swelling; weight loss. […] Carcinoid crisis is a medical emergency. Contact your doctor and go to your local AE if you think you have this.

• #80 Carcinoid Tumor: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/986050-overview

  Signs and symptoms of carcinoid tumors vary greatly. Carcinoid tumors can be „nonfunctioning” presenting as a tumor mass or „functioning” i.e. producing several biopeptides causing carcinoid syndrome. The sign and symptoms of a „nonfunctioning” tumor depend on the tumor location and size as well as on the presence of metastases. Therefore, findings range from no tumor-related symptoms (most carcinoid tumors) to full symptoms of carcinoid syndrome (primarily in adults). […] At times, the tumor is found as an incidental finding in a histopathologic examination. Due to their vague and intermittent symptoms, diagnosis of carcinoid tumors may be delayed, especially in children, in whom the tumor is rare and the diagnosis is unexpected. […] Signs and symptoms seen in larger tumors may include the following: Periodic abdominal pain: Most common presentation for a small intestinal carcinoid; often associated with malignant carcinoid syndrome. Cutaneous flushing: Early and frequent (94%) symptom; typically affects head and neck; often associated with an unpleasant warm feeling, itching, rash, sweating, palpitation, upper-body erythema and edema, salivation, diaphoresis, lacrimation, and diarrhea. Diarrhea and malabsorption (84%): Watery, frothy, or bulky stools, gastrointestinal (GI) bleed or steatorrhea; may or may not be associated with abdominal pain, flushing, and cramps. Cardiac manifestations (60%): Valvular heart lesions, fibrosis of the endocardium; may lead to heart failure with tachycardia and hypertension. Wheezing or asthmalike syndrome (25%): Due to bronchial constriction; some tremors are relatively indolent and result in chronic symptoms such as cough and dyspnea. Pellagra with scale-like skin lesions, diarrhea and mental disturbances. Carcinoid crisis can be the most serious symptom of carcinoid tumors and can be life-threatening. It can occur suddenly, after stress, or following chemotherapy and anesthesia.

• #81 Carcinoid Syndrome – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448096/

  Flushing is the most prevalent symptom, reported in approximately 85% of patients. […] Diarrhea, affecting about 80% of patients, is another hallmark symptom. […] Cardiac involvement occurs in 60% to 70% of patients and is caused by fibrotic plaque-like deposits on the endocardium, valves, and other cardiac structures, eg, the pulmonary and aortic arteries. […] Although less common, bronchospasm affects 10% to 20% of patients and typically manifests as wheezing and difficulty breathing, often during flushing episodes. […] Additional, less common manifestations of carcinoid syndrome include pellagra, which is caused by niacin deficiency due to excessive tryptophan being used for serotonin synthesis. […] The prognosis of carcinoid syndrome is dependent on the underlying tumor characteristics, stage, and extent of metastasis, as well as the presence of associated complications, eg, carcinoid heart disease or carcinoid crisis. […] One of the most significant complications is carcinoid heart disease, characterized by fibrotic plaque deposition on the endocardium of right-sided heart valves, leading to tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonic stenosis, and eventually right-sided heart failure.

• #82 Carcinoid syndrome – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carcinoid_syndrome

  Diarrhea: The second most common finding occurring in about 80% of people. It may also be associated with abdominal cramping and pain. […] Bronchoconstriction: A relatively rare symptom affects about 15% of those having carcinoid syndrome and often accompanies flushing, sneezing, and shortness of breath. […] Heart Disease: About 60-70% of those affected by carcinoid syndrome develop cardiac complications. This mainly affects the right side of the heart causing fibrosis of the tricuspid and pulmonic valves. […] Less common symptoms include malabsorption (leading to pellagra), fatigue, muscle loss, and cognitive impairment. Late complications may include mesenteric and retroperitoneal fibroses as well. […] Carcinoid crisis is an extreme exacerbation of the carcinoid syndrome. This results from excessive release of amines by the neuroendocrine tumors. It is largely a result of stressful procedures such as anesthesia, surgery, or radiation treatment. Symptoms of carcinoid crisis include flushing, hypotension, arrhythmia and bronchospasm. […] Disease progression is difficult to ascertain because the disease can metastasize anywhere in the body and can be too small to identify with any current technology. Markers of the condition such as chromogranin-A are imperfect indicators of disease progression.

• #83 Carcinoid syndrome: update on the pathophysiology and treatment | Clinics

  https://www.elsevier.es/en-revista-clinics-22-articulo-carcinoid-syndrome-update-on-pathophysiology-S1807593222011310

  Approximately 30-40% of patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors present with carcinoid syndrome, which is a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with the secretion of several humoral factors. […] Carcinoid syndrome significantly and negatively affects patients’ quality of life; increases costs compared with the costs of nonfunctioning neuroendocrine tumors; and results in changes in patients’ lifestyle, such as diet, work, physical activity and social life. […] The main symptoms of CS are episodic facial flushing that may be accompanied by hypotension and tachycardia, diarrhea, bronchoconstriction, venous telangiectasia, dyspnea and ultimately fibrotic complications such as mesenteric and retroperitoneal fibroses and carcinoid heart disease. […] CS also significantly and negatively affects patients’ quality of life; increases costs compared with the costs of nonfunctioning NETs; and results in changes in the patients’ lifestyle, such as diet, work, physical activity and social life.

• #84 Signs and Symptoms of Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/gastrointestinal-carcinoid-tumor/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-symptoms.html

  Some carcinoid tumors produce ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), a substance that causes the adrenal glands to make too much cortisol (a steroid). This can cause Cushing syndrome, with symptoms of: Weight gain, Muscle weakness, High blood sugar (even diabetes), High blood pressure, Increased body and facial hair, A bulge of fat on the back of the neck, Skin changes like stretch marks (called striae). […] Carcinoid tumors can make a hormone called gastrin that signals the stomach to make acid. Too much gastrin can cause Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, in which the stomach makes too much acid. High acid levels can lead to irritation of the lining of the stomach and even stomach ulcers, which can cause pain, nausea, and loss of appetite.

• #85 Signs and Symptoms of Lung Carcinoid Tumors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/lung-carcinoid-tumor/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-and-symptoms.html

  Over a long time, these hormone-like substances can damage heart valves, causing: Shortness of breath, Weakness, Heart murmur (an abnormal heart sound). […] In rare cases, lung carcinoid tumors may make a hormone called ACTH. This causes the adrenal glands to make too much cortisol (a steroid hormone) and other hormones. This can lead to: Weight gain, Easy bruising, Weakness, Drowsiness, High blood sugar (or even diabetes), High blood pressure, Increased body and facial hair. […] The symptoms and signs above may be caused by lung carcinoid tumors, but they can also be caused by other conditions. Still, if you have any of these problems, it’s important to see your doctor so the cause can be found and treated, if needed.

• #86 Signs and Symptoms of Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/gastrointestinal-carcinoid-tumor/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-symptoms.html

  Some carcinoid tumors produce ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), a substance that causes the adrenal glands to make too much cortisol (a steroid). This can cause Cushing syndrome, with symptoms of: Weight gain, Muscle weakness, High blood sugar (even diabetes), High blood pressure, Increased body and facial hair, A bulge of fat on the back of the neck, Skin changes like stretch marks (called striae). […] Carcinoid tumors can make a hormone called gastrin that signals the stomach to make acid. Too much gastrin can cause Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, in which the stomach makes too much acid. High acid levels can lead to irritation of the lining of the stomach and even stomach ulcers, which can cause pain, nausea, and loss of appetite.

• #87 Symptoms of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/neuroendocrine-tumours/signs-and-symptoms

  Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is a condition caused by too much gastrin in the body. This increases the amount of stomach acid made, which can eventually lead to ulcers of the stomach or small intestine. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome may happen in people with gastrin-producing NETs of the pancreas or small intestine (gastrinoma). The signs or symptoms of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome include: pain in the abdomen, severe diarrhea, heartburn, nausea and vomiting, sometimes vomiting blood, weight loss.

• #88 Carcinoid tumor presenting as central nervous system symptoms. Case report and review of the literature – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2189289/

  Carcinoid tumors are relatively uncommon. They are known for their slow growing behavior and unique symptoms. Patients with carcinoid tumors usually present with signs and symptoms due either to local disease or to the carcinoid syndrome. […] During the course of these tumors, they tend to metastasize to different sites, including regional lymph nodes, lungs, liver, and bone. They rarely metastasize to the central nervous system (CNS) and very rarely present with signs and symptoms related to CNS metastasis. […] We report a patient who presented with CNS symptoms and was found to have a pulmonary carcinoid tumor involving the liver and the dura mater.

• #89 Carcinoid Tumor: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/986050-overview

  Most carcinoid tumors are slow growing and indolent without symptoms. Nevertheless, aggressive and metastatic disease (eg, to the brain) does occur. Even tumors in the appendix can metastasize. Depending on the size and location, carcinoid tumors can cause various symptoms, including carcinoid syndrome. Carcinoid tumors of the ileum and jejunum, especially those larger than 1 cm, especially in adults, are most prone to produce this syndrome. […] The prognosis for patients with completely resected localized disease is excellent. Tumors larger than 2 cm, positive lymph nodes, and atypical histologic features are often associated with a poor prognosis. In patients with carcinoid tumors located in the appendix, age, primary tumor size, histologic features, lymph node involvement, and distant metastasis are significant factors in predicting survival. Overall, localized carcinoid tumor which is completely resected has an excellent prognosis; the outcome for patients with metastasis, however, remains poor. […] The most serious complications of carcinoid tumors are carcinoid syndrome/crisis and metastasis, which is often observed in patients who have foregut tumors and high levels of 5-HIAA.

• #90 Carcinoid tumor presenting as central nervous system symptoms. Case report and review of the literature – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2189289/

  Carcinoid tumors are relatively uncommon. They are known for their slow growing behavior and unique symptoms. Patients with carcinoid tumors usually present with signs and symptoms due either to local disease or to the carcinoid syndrome. […] During the course of these tumors, they tend to metastasize to different sites, including regional lymph nodes, lungs, liver, and bone. They rarely metastasize to the central nervous system (CNS) and very rarely present with signs and symptoms related to CNS metastasis. […] We report a patient who presented with CNS symptoms and was found to have a pulmonary carcinoid tumor involving the liver and the dura mater.

• #91 Lung Carcinoid Tumor: Types, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14783-carcinoid-tumors-of-the-lungs

  Typical lung carcinoid tumors are very treatable. The likelihood of a typical carcinoid tumor recurring is very low less than 4%. Atypical lung carcinoid tumors are harder to treat. Your provider may recommend a few different types of treatments. About 1 in 3 people with atypical carcinoid lung tumors experience recurrence within four years of treatment. […] The overall five-year relative survival rate for all types of carcinoid lung tumors (including those that have spread outside of your lungs) is 89%. The prognosis (outlook) for typical lung carcinoid tumors is better than for atypical tumors.

• #92 Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/282515-overview

  The prognosis for patients with malignant carcinoid syndrome is relatively good compared with the prognosis for patients with other malignancies, but the prognosis for any treated patient with progressing, recurring, or relapsing disease is poor. The median 5-year survival rate is 30-67%. Survival for as long as 23 years has been reported.

• #93 Childhood Carcinoid Tumors | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute

  https://www.dana-farber.org/cancer-care/types/childhood-carcinoid-tumors

  Carcinoid tumors are neuroendocrine tumors that can develop in the appendix, gastrointestinal tract, or lungs. […] The majority of carcinoid tumors in children are small, slow-growing, and benign (noncancerous). In rare cases, these tumors can grow more quickly and spread to other sites in the body. […] A carcinoid tumor’s symptoms may vary from child to child. They will depend on the tumor location and type. The most common symptoms include: […] In rare cases, children may develop carcinoid syndrome, with symptoms such as redness in the face and neck, rapid heartbeat, difficulty breathing, a sudden drop in blood pressure, and diarrhea. These symptoms come from hormones produced by the tumor and rarely occur except in advanced cases. […] Your child’s outlook will likely depend on where the tumor is and whether it has spread. For tumors growing in the appendix, an appendectomy is often the only thing needed to remove the tumor altogether. In this situation, a child’s prognosis is excellent. Larger tumors in other locations or those that have spread throughout the body are more difficult to treat and may require surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or other therapies or interventions.

• #94 Carcinoid Tumor: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/986050-overview

  Most carcinoid tumors are slow growing and indolent without symptoms. Nevertheless, aggressive and metastatic disease (eg, to the brain) does occur. Even tumors in the appendix can metastasize. Depending on the size and location, carcinoid tumors can cause various symptoms, including carcinoid syndrome. Carcinoid tumors of the ileum and jejunum, especially those larger than 1 cm, especially in adults, are most prone to produce this syndrome. […] The prognosis for patients with completely resected localized disease is excellent. Tumors larger than 2 cm, positive lymph nodes, and atypical histologic features are often associated with a poor prognosis. In patients with carcinoid tumors located in the appendix, age, primary tumor size, histologic features, lymph node involvement, and distant metastasis are significant factors in predicting survival. Overall, localized carcinoid tumor which is completely resected has an excellent prognosis; the outcome for patients with metastasis, however, remains poor. […] The most serious complications of carcinoid tumors are carcinoid syndrome/crisis and metastasis, which is often observed in patients who have foregut tumors and high levels of 5-HIAA.

• #95 Carcinoid Tumours: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment | Doctor

  https://patient.info/doctor/carcinoid-tumours

  Features of carcinoid tumours are caused by the release of pharmacologically active mediators 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), prostaglandins, kinins, substance P, gastrin, somatostatin, corticotropin and neuron-specific enolase into the peripheral circulation. […] Presentation: Flushing (especially after alcohol, coffee, various foods or drugs). […] Other features include diarrhoea, abdominal pain, palpitations, hypotension and wheezing. […] The tendency for metastatic spread increases with tumour size and is substantially higher in lesions larger than 2.0 cm. […] Carcinoid crisis may dramatically worsen symptoms and be life-threatening.

• #96 Carcinoid syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000347.htm

  Carcinoid syndrome is a group of symptoms associated with carcinoid tumors. These are tumors most often of the small intestine, colon, appendix, pancreas, or bronchial tubes in the lungs. […] Carcinoid syndrome occurs in very few people with carcinoid tumors, typically after the tumor has spread to the liver or lung. […] The carcinoid syndrome is made up of four main symptoms including: Flushing (face, neck, or upper chest), or widened blood vessels seen on the skin (telangiectasias), Difficulty breathing, such as wheezing, Diarrhea, Heart problems, such as leaking heart valves, blood pressure changes, and heart palpitations. […] Symptoms are sometimes brought on by physical exertion, or eating or drinking things such as blue cheese, chocolate, or red wine. […] In people with carcinoid syndrome, the tumor has usually spread to the liver. This lowers the survival rate. Overall, the prognosis is usually poor.

• #97 Carcinoid Tumors | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2006/0801/p429.html

  Carcinoid syndrome occurs in only 10 percent of all patients with carcinoid tumors, and it is most often associated with midgut tumors. […] The prognosis for patients with these tumors is variable and related to the site of the primary tumor, the presence of metastatic disease, and time of diagnosis. […] Importantly, the most common cause of carcinoid syndrome is metastatic liver disease arising from a small bowel carcinoid tumor. For these patients, the prognosis is uniformly poor.

• #98 Carcinoid Cancer: Definition, Symptoms, Prognosis, and More

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-carcinoid-cancer-5092725

  Carcinoid tumors typically grow slowly and may not show symptoms for many years. […] People with carcinoid cancer may or may not experience symptoms. If symptoms are present, they depend on where in the body the tumor(s) is located and can vary. […] Symptoms of carcinoid syndrome include: Facial flushing (warmth and redness of the face, head, and upper chest), Nausea/vomiting, Diarrhea, Heart palpitations, Fainting, Wheezing, Change in blood pressure (usually a decrease or low blood pressure), Change in weight (gain or loss), Malnutrition, Dehydration, Weakness, Aching in muscles and joints, Peptic ulcer. […] The prognosis for carcinoid cancer depends on factors like: The location and size of the tumor, Whether the cancer has spread, If carcinoid syndrome and/or carcinoid heart disease is present, Whether the tumor can be completely removed during surgery.

• #99 Carcinoid syndrome and carcinoid tumours | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/carcinoid-syndrome-and-carcinoid-tumours/

  flushing of the skin, particularly the face […] fast heart rate […] breathlessness and wheezing. […] These symptoms may come on unexpectedly, as the hormones can be produced by the tumour at any time. […] Some people may also develop carcinoid heart disease, where the heart valves thicken and stop working properly. There is also a risk of developing a rare but serious reaction called a carcinoid crisis, which involves severe flushing, breathlessness and a drop in blood pressure. […] If the whole tumour can be removed, this may cure the cancer and symptoms altogether. But even if surgeons cannot remove the entire tumour, it usually grows slowly and can be controlled with medication. […] Overall, people with carcinoid tumours have a good life expectancy compared to many other cancers. Many people remain relatively well and lead active lives, with only occasional symptoms.

• #100 Carcinoid Tumors: MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/carcinoidtumors.html

  Carcinoid tumors are rare, slow-growing cancers. They usually start in the lining of the digestive tract or in the lungs. They grow slowly and don’t produce symptoms in the early stages. As a result, the average age of people diagnosed with digestive or lung carcinoids is about 60. […] In later stages the tumors sometimes produce hormones that can cause carcinoid syndrome. The syndrome causes flushing of the face and upper chest, diarrhea, and trouble breathing. […] Surgery is the main treatment for carcinoid tumors. If they haven’t spread to other parts of the body, surgery can cure the cancer.

• #101 Carcinoid Tumors: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/carcinoid-tumor

  Diagnosing a carcinoid tumor is often delayed since it doesnt usually cause symptoms in the early stages. It takes about 9.2 years from symptom onset to the diagnosis of a carcinoid tumor. […] According to the ACS, the 5-year relative survival rate for low- and intermediate-grade gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors is as follows: localized 97%, regional 95%, distant 66%, all stages 94%. […] Below are the 5-year relative survival rates for lung carcinoid tumors based on people diagnosed between 2011 and 2017: localized 98%, regional 87%, distant 58%, all stages 90%.

• #102 Carcinoid Tumor: Treatment, Symptoms, Meaning

  https://www.medicinenet.com/carcinoid_syndrome/article.htm

  Carcinoid tumors may be cancerous or benign and form largely in the lungs and gut. The clinical course of these cancers is often indolent with 5-year survival approaching 75%. […] Carcinoid syndrome is a combination of symptoms caused by the hormones and other chemical substances released by the tumors into the bloodstream. The symptoms of carcinoid syndrome vary depending on which hormones are released by the tumors. […] 6 typical carcinoid symptoms include: flushing, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and wheezing due to bronchospasm (airway narrowing), valvular heart disease, surgery can provoke a complication known as a carcinoid crisis. […] Flushing is the most common symptom of carcinoid syndrome. An estimated 90% of the patients have flushing sometime during their illness. […] Diarrhea is the second most common symptom of carcinoid syndrome. An estimated 75% of patients with carcinoid syndrome have diarrhea.

• #103 Lung Carcinoid Tumor: Types, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14783-carcinoid-tumors-of-the-lungs

  Typical lung carcinoid tumors are very treatable. The likelihood of a typical carcinoid tumor recurring is very low less than 4%. Atypical lung carcinoid tumors are harder to treat. Your provider may recommend a few different types of treatments. About 1 in 3 people with atypical carcinoid lung tumors experience recurrence within four years of treatment. […] The overall five-year relative survival rate for all types of carcinoid lung tumors (including those that have spread outside of your lungs) is 89%. The prognosis (outlook) for typical lung carcinoid tumors is better than for atypical tumors.

• #104 Carcinoid Tumors: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/carcinoid-tumor

  Diagnosing a carcinoid tumor is often delayed since it doesnt usually cause symptoms in the early stages. It takes about 9.2 years from symptom onset to the diagnosis of a carcinoid tumor. […] According to the ACS, the 5-year relative survival rate for low- and intermediate-grade gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors is as follows: localized 97%, regional 95%, distant 66%, all stages 94%. […] Below are the 5-year relative survival rates for lung carcinoid tumors based on people diagnosed between 2011 and 2017: localized 98%, regional 87%, distant 58%, all stages 90%.

• #105 What are Carcinoid Tumors and Should I be Concerned? – OHC

  https://ohcare.com/what-are-carcinoid-tumors-and-should-i-be-concerned/

  Carcinoid tumors (also called neuroendocrine tumors) are rare, slow-growing cancers that usually start in the lining of the digestive tract and lungs. […] Depending on the location of the tumor, you might experience: Stomach pain, Nausea or vomiting, Difficulty breathing, Coughing bloody mucus, Wheezing, Blood in your stool, Diarrhea, Constipation, Weight loss. […] The 5-year survival rate for people with a GI tract carcinoid tumor that has not spread to other parts of the body ranges from 65% to 90%, depending on the stage and location of the tumor. […] If the tumor has spread (malignant) to nearby tissue or the regional lymph nodes, the 5-year survival ranges from 46% to 78%. If the tumor has spread to distant areas of the body, survival rates range from 14% to 54%.

• #106 Carcinoid Tumors: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/carcinoid-tumor

  Diagnosing a carcinoid tumor is often delayed since it doesnt usually cause symptoms in the early stages. It takes about 9.2 years from symptom onset to the diagnosis of a carcinoid tumor. […] According to the ACS, the 5-year relative survival rate for low- and intermediate-grade gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors is as follows: localized 97%, regional 95%, distant 66%, all stages 94%. […] Below are the 5-year relative survival rates for lung carcinoid tumors based on people diagnosed between 2011 and 2017: localized 98%, regional 87%, distant 58%, all stages 90%.

• #107 What are Carcinoid Tumors and Should I be Concerned? – OHC

  https://ohcare.com/what-are-carcinoid-tumors-and-should-i-be-concerned/

  Carcinoid tumors (also called neuroendocrine tumors) are rare, slow-growing cancers that usually start in the lining of the digestive tract and lungs. […] Depending on the location of the tumor, you might experience: Stomach pain, Nausea or vomiting, Difficulty breathing, Coughing bloody mucus, Wheezing, Blood in your stool, Diarrhea, Constipation, Weight loss. […] The 5-year survival rate for people with a GI tract carcinoid tumor that has not spread to other parts of the body ranges from 65% to 90%, depending on the stage and location of the tumor. […] If the tumor has spread (malignant) to nearby tissue or the regional lymph nodes, the 5-year survival ranges from 46% to 78%. If the tumor has spread to distant areas of the body, survival rates range from 14% to 54%.

• #108 Carcinoid Syndrome due to Neuroendocrine Tumors – Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/gastrointestinal-and-pancreatic-neuroendocrine-tumors/carcinoid-syndrome-due-to-neuroendocrine-tumors

  Wheezing and shortness of breath may result from blockage of airflow in the lungs. […] Some people with carcinoid syndrome lose interest in sex, and some men have erectile dysfunction. […] Neuroendocrine tumors grow so slowly that even people whose tumors have spread often survive for 10 to 15 years.

• #109 Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors and Carcinoid Syndrome – Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/endocrine-and-metabolic-disorders/gastrointestinal-and-pancreatic-neuroendocrine-tumors-nets/gastrointestinal-neuroendocrine-tumors-and-carcinoid-syndrome

  Surgical resection may be curative in the absence of metastases. […] Surgical debulking, image-guided ablation, bland embolization, chemoembolization, or radioembolization may help relieve symptoms and possibly prolong survival in patients with hepatic metastases. […] Prognosis of neuroendocrine tumors depends on primary site, grade, and stage. Despite metastatic disease and the carcinoid syndrome that can accompany it, NETs are slow growing, and survival of 10 to 15 years is not unusual.

• #110 Lung Carcinoid Tumor: Types, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14783-carcinoid-tumors-of-the-lungs

  Symptoms of lung carcinoid tumors include: Cough, sometimes with blood or mucus. Chest pain. Shortness of breath (dyspnea). Wheezing. […] If the tumor is creating a lot of the hormone serotonin, you might have symptoms of carcinoid syndrome, including: Severe diarrhea. Redness or warmth (flushing) in your face and neck. Unexpected weight gain. Wheezing, shortness of breath or asthma-like symptoms. Many people with lung carcinoid tumors dont have symptoms. […] Complications of lung carcinoid tumors include: Pneumonia. Blockage in your lungs. Carcinoid syndrome. […] Typical lung carcinoid tumors the most common kind grow slowly and rarely spread (metastasize) to other parts of your body. Atypical lung carcinoid tumors tend to grow faster and are more likely to spread to other organs. […] Atypical lung carcinoid tumors are much less common than typical lung carcinoids and tend to grow faster. They have a greater chance of spreading to other organs.

• #111 Carcinoid Tumor | Boston Medical Center

  https://www.bmc.org/patient-care/conditions-we-treat/db/carcinoid-tumor

  Carcinoid tumors often do not cause any symptoms at all, or not until very late in the disease. When symptoms do appear, they may include: […] A group of symptoms including upper body obesity, round face, high blood pressure, hair growth, and irregular menses in women, stemming from increased production of steroids (hormones) by the adrenal and pituitary glands […] Lasting cough […] Coughing up blood […] Wheezing […] Difficulty breathing […] Skin flushing, where the skin on the face and upper chest turns pinkish, red, or purple, and feels hot. […] Typical carcinoid tumors tend to be slow growing and rarely spread to other parts of the body. Atypical tumors can be more aggressive and spread more quickly than the typical carcinoids.

• #112 Lung Carcinoid Tumor: Types, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14783-carcinoid-tumors-of-the-lungs

  Typical lung carcinoid tumors are very treatable. The likelihood of a typical carcinoid tumor recurring is very low less than 4%. Atypical lung carcinoid tumors are harder to treat. Your provider may recommend a few different types of treatments. About 1 in 3 people with atypical carcinoid lung tumors experience recurrence within four years of treatment. […] The overall five-year relative survival rate for all types of carcinoid lung tumors (including those that have spread outside of your lungs) is 89%. The prognosis (outlook) for typical lung carcinoid tumors is better than for atypical tumors.

• #113 Lung Carcinoid Tumor: Types, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14783-carcinoid-tumors-of-the-lungs

  Symptoms of lung carcinoid tumors include: Cough, sometimes with blood or mucus. Chest pain. Shortness of breath (dyspnea). Wheezing. […] If the tumor is creating a lot of the hormone serotonin, you might have symptoms of carcinoid syndrome, including: Severe diarrhea. Redness or warmth (flushing) in your face and neck. Unexpected weight gain. Wheezing, shortness of breath or asthma-like symptoms. Many people with lung carcinoid tumors dont have symptoms. […] Complications of lung carcinoid tumors include: Pneumonia. Blockage in your lungs. Carcinoid syndrome. […] Typical lung carcinoid tumors the most common kind grow slowly and rarely spread (metastasize) to other parts of your body. Atypical lung carcinoid tumors tend to grow faster and are more likely to spread to other organs. […] Atypical lung carcinoid tumors are much less common than typical lung carcinoids and tend to grow faster. They have a greater chance of spreading to other organs.

• #114 Lung Carcinoid Tumor: Types, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14783-carcinoid-tumors-of-the-lungs

  Typical lung carcinoid tumors are very treatable. The likelihood of a typical carcinoid tumor recurring is very low less than 4%. Atypical lung carcinoid tumors are harder to treat. Your provider may recommend a few different types of treatments. About 1 in 3 people with atypical carcinoid lung tumors experience recurrence within four years of treatment. […] The overall five-year relative survival rate for all types of carcinoid lung tumors (including those that have spread outside of your lungs) is 89%. The prognosis (outlook) for typical lung carcinoid tumors is better than for atypical tumors.

• #115 Carcinoid syndrome: update on the pathophysiology and treatment | Clinics

  https://www.elsevier.es/en-revista-clinics-22-articulo-carcinoid-syndrome-update-on-pathophysiology-S1807593222011310

  Approximately 30-40% of patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors present with carcinoid syndrome, which is a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with the secretion of several humoral factors. […] Carcinoid syndrome significantly and negatively affects patients’ quality of life; increases costs compared with the costs of nonfunctioning neuroendocrine tumors; and results in changes in patients’ lifestyle, such as diet, work, physical activity and social life. […] The main symptoms of CS are episodic facial flushing that may be accompanied by hypotension and tachycardia, diarrhea, bronchoconstriction, venous telangiectasia, dyspnea and ultimately fibrotic complications such as mesenteric and retroperitoneal fibroses and carcinoid heart disease. […] CS also significantly and negatively affects patients’ quality of life; increases costs compared with the costs of nonfunctioning NETs; and results in changes in the patients’ lifestyle, such as diet, work, physical activity and social life.

• #116 What is your neuroendocrine tumor story? Let’s share! | Neuroendocrine tumor Forum

  https://www.carenity.us/forum/neuroendocrine-tumor/living-with-neuroendocrine-tumour/what-is-your-neuroendocrine-tumour-story-lets-share-2245

  SYMPTOMS OF NEUROENDOCRINE TUMOR […] I was repeatedly having diarrhea, vomiting and pains in my stomach and I was losing a lot of weight, so I went in and after all the tests they found my tumors. […] I had been having really horrible stomach pain and diarrhea and I was losing weight like crazy. […] I was having issues with diarrhea for awhile, I thought it was stress induced, on a routine colonoscopy they found an NET. in the distal ileum. […] I still suffer stomach pain, cramps, gas, diarrhea with episodes of incontinence two years later. It has definitely impacted my quality of life. […] I started having bouts of significant gut pain and docs weren’t sure why. […] I had gained a ridiculous amount of weight and kept turning bright red in my face and chest which would last for several hours and then subside. […] I started monthly injections of octreotide and it helped some with my symptoms but the fatigue and depression is awful. […] They say it actually shrank between the CT scan where it was found and when they did the endoscopic procedure and biopsied it.

• #117 Carcinoid syndrome: update on the pathophysiology and treatment | Clinics

  https://www.elsevier.es/en-revista-clinics-22-articulo-carcinoid-syndrome-update-on-pathophysiology-S1807593222011310

  Approximately 30-40% of patients with well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors present with carcinoid syndrome, which is a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with the secretion of several humoral factors. […] Carcinoid syndrome significantly and negatively affects patients’ quality of life; increases costs compared with the costs of nonfunctioning neuroendocrine tumors; and results in changes in patients’ lifestyle, such as diet, work, physical activity and social life. […] The main symptoms of CS are episodic facial flushing that may be accompanied by hypotension and tachycardia, diarrhea, bronchoconstriction, venous telangiectasia, dyspnea and ultimately fibrotic complications such as mesenteric and retroperitoneal fibroses and carcinoid heart disease. […] CS also significantly and negatively affects patients’ quality of life; increases costs compared with the costs of nonfunctioning NETs; and results in changes in the patients’ lifestyle, such as diet, work, physical activity and social life.

• #118 Symptoms – Neuroendocrine Cancer UK

  https://www.neuroendocrinecancer.org.uk/neuroendocrine-cancer/symptoms/

  Explore the critical condition known as Carcinoid Crisis Disease, a rare but serious complication of Carcinoid Syndrome, characterised by sudden and severe symptoms, and discover the importance of prompt medical intervention and emergency preparedness. […] Carcinoid heart disease is a rare condition occurring in individuals with carcinoid syndrome. Its caused by hormones released by carcinoid tumours, leading to structural changes in the heart valves, impairing heart function. Regular cardiac monitoring is crucial for early detection and management. […] It’s important to remember that these symptoms are not exclusive to neuroendocrine tumours and can be caused by other conditions as well. However, if you experience persistent or unexplained symptoms, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for a thorough evaluation.

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