Materiały źródłowe

• #1

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue

  Dengue is a viral infection transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes. […] There is no specific treatment for dengue/severe dengue, and early detection and access to proper medical care greatly lower fatality rates of severe dengue. […] Dengue is treated with pain medicine as there is no specific treatment currently. […] There is no specific treatment for dengue. The focus is on treating pain symptoms. Most cases of dengue fever can be treated at home with pain medicine. […] Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is often used to control pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and aspirin are avoided as they can increase the risk of bleeding. […] For people with severe dengue, hospitalization is often needed. […] If you get dengue, it’s important to: rest; drink plenty of liquids; use acetaminophen (paracetamol) for pain; avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, like ibuprofen and aspirin; and watch for severe symptoms and contact your doctor as soon as possible if you notice any. […] So far one vaccine (QDenga) has been approved and licensed in some countries. However, it is recommended only for the age group of 6 to 16 years in high transmission settings. Several additional vaccines are under evaluation.

• #2 Dengue fever – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dengue-fever/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353084

  No specific treatment for dengue fever exists. […] The over-the-counter (OTC) drug acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) can help reduce muscle pain and fever. But if you have dengue fever, you should avoid other OTC pain relievers, including aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve). These pain relievers can increase the risk of dengue fever bleeding complications. […] If you have severe dengue fever, you may need: Supportive care in a hospital, Intravenous (IV) fluid and electrolyte replacement, Blood pressure monitoring, Transfusion to replace blood loss.

• #3 Dengue fever – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dengue-fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20353078

  Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne illness that occurs in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. […] Severe dengue fever is a life-threatening medical emergency. Seek immediate medical attention if you’ve recently visited an area in which dengue fever is known to occur, you have had a fever and you develop any of the warning signs. Warning signs include severe stomach pain, vomiting, difficulty breathing, or blood in your nose, gums, vomit or stools. […] Dengue fever vaccines may be available for people ages 6 to 60. Dengue vaccination is a series of two or three doses, depending on the vaccine you get, over the course of months. These vaccines are for use by people who live where the viruses that cause dengue are common, and who have already had dengue fever at least once. […] The World Health Organization stresses that the vaccine is not an effective tool on its own to reduce dengue fever in areas where the illness is common. Preventing mosquito bites and controlling the mosquito population are still the main methods for preventing the spread of dengue fever.

• #4 Dengue fever: Symptoms, treatment, and prevention

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/179471

  Dengue fever, or breakbone fever, results from a viral infection carried by Aedes mosquitoes. […] It can be life-threatening and needs urgent medical treatment. […] There is no cure for dengue fever. However, early recognition and treatment can help manage symptoms and prevent fatalities. […] Treatment for dengue involves managing the symptoms. […] According to 2009 research, treatment for milder forms includes drinking water to help prevent dehydration, getting plenty of rest, and using pain relief, such as Tylenol or paracetamol, which can also help reduce fever. […] In some cases, a doctor may recommend hospitalization and IV fluid supplementation, a blood transfusion, or a platelet transfusion, in some cases. […] Without treatment, 10-20% of severe cases may be fatal. Treatment reduces this figure to 1%.

• #5 Dengue fever – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dengue-fever/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353084

  No specific treatment for dengue fever exists. […] The over-the-counter (OTC) drug acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) can help reduce muscle pain and fever. But if you have dengue fever, you should avoid other OTC pain relievers, including aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve). These pain relievers can increase the risk of dengue fever bleeding complications. […] If you have severe dengue fever, you may need: Supportive care in a hospital, Intravenous (IV) fluid and electrolyte replacement, Blood pressure monitoring, Transfusion to replace blood loss.

• #6 Manage Dengue | Dengue | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/treatment/index.html

  There is no specific medicine to treat dengue. […] See a healthcare provider if you develop a fever or have symptoms of dengue. […] For mild symptoms, care for a sick person at home. […] Take acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol outside of the US) to control fever and relieve pain. […] Do not take aspirin or ibuprofen! […] Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated. Drink water or drinks with added electrolytes. […] Symptoms of dengue can become severe within a few hours. Severe dengue is a medical emergency.

• #7 Dengue Fever: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17753-dengue-fever

  How is dengue fever treated? […] Theres no medicine that treats dengue fever. Your healthcare provider will give you recommendations on how to manage your symptoms and if and when you should go to the ER. […] Managing your symptoms is the only way to treat dengue fever. Follow your healthcare providers recommendations, which may include: […] Keeping yourself hydrated by drinking plenty of water and fluids. […] Getting as much rest as possible. […] Treating pain with acetaminophen (like Tylenol) only. […] Do not take ibuprofen (like Advil) or aspirin. This can increase your risk of life-threatening internal bleeding.

• #8 Manage Dengue | Dengue | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/treatment/index.html

  There is no specific medicine to treat dengue. […] See a healthcare provider if you develop a fever or have symptoms of dengue. […] For mild symptoms, care for a sick person at home. […] Take acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol outside of the US) to control fever and relieve pain. […] Do not take aspirin or ibuprofen! […] Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated. Drink water or drinks with added electrolytes. […] Symptoms of dengue can become severe within a few hours. Severe dengue is a medical emergency.

• #9

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue

  Dengue is a viral infection transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes. […] There is no specific treatment for dengue/severe dengue, and early detection and access to proper medical care greatly lower fatality rates of severe dengue. […] Dengue is treated with pain medicine as there is no specific treatment currently. […] There is no specific treatment for dengue. The focus is on treating pain symptoms. Most cases of dengue fever can be treated at home with pain medicine. […] Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is often used to control pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and aspirin are avoided as they can increase the risk of bleeding. […] For people with severe dengue, hospitalization is often needed. […] If you get dengue, it’s important to: rest; drink plenty of liquids; use acetaminophen (paracetamol) for pain; avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, like ibuprofen and aspirin; and watch for severe symptoms and contact your doctor as soon as possible if you notice any. […] So far one vaccine (QDenga) has been approved and licensed in some countries. However, it is recommended only for the age group of 6 to 16 years in high transmission settings. Several additional vaccines are under evaluation.

• #10 Dengue fever Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/dengue-fever

  There is no specific treatment for dengue fever. Fluids are given if there are signs of dehydration. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is used to treat a high fever. […] Avoid taking aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), and naproxen (Aleve). They may increase bleeding problems. […] Severe dengue is a medical emergency. It must be treated immediately at a hospital. Treatment for severe dengue is supportive and may include: […] Fluids given through a vein (IV) […] Oxygen support […] Blood pressure management […] Blood transfusions.

• #11 Dengue (dengue fever)

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/dengue-fever/

  There’s no cure or single treatment for dengue fever. You can only relieve the symptoms until the infection has gone. […] You can usually look after yourself at home. […] It may help to: take paracetamol for pain and fever, drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration, get plenty of rest. […] Do not take aspirin or ibuprofen. These can cause bleeding problems in people with dengue. […] Get medical advice if your symptoms do not improve. A GP can check if there is another cause for your symptoms. You may need a blood test to confirm that you have dengue. […] A vaccine can help prevent against dengue disease. The vaccine available in Ireland is called Qdenga. […] Adults and children age 4 and older can get the vaccine. But it is usually only given to people who had dengue before. This is to prevent severe dengue.

• #12 Clinical Care of Dengue | Dengue | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/hcp/clinical-care/index.html

  No specific medicines are available for dengue. […] No treatment: no specific antiviral agents exist for dengue. […] Supportive care is advised: patients should be advised to stay well hydrated and to avoid aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), aspirin-containing drugs, and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen) because of their anticoagulant properties. […] Fever should be controlled with acetaminophen and tepid sponge baths. […] For patients who develop severe dengue, close observation and frequent monitoring in an intensive care unit may be required. […] Administration of corticosteroids has no demonstrated benefit and is potentially harmful to patients; corticosteroids should not be used except in the case of autoimmune-related complication (e.g., hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, immune thrombocytopenia purpura).

• #13 Dengue

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dengue/

  Most people with dengue feel better in a few days. There is no treatment for dengue, but you can help ease your symptoms by: resting, drinking plenty of fluids, taking paracetamol to help bring down your temperature and ease any pain. […] Do not take anti-inflammatory painkillers like ibuprofen or aspirin. These can cause bleeding problems if you have dengue. […] If you have severe dengue, you’ll need to stay in hospital until you recover.

• #14

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue

  Dengue is a viral infection transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes. […] There is no specific treatment for dengue/severe dengue, and early detection and access to proper medical care greatly lower fatality rates of severe dengue. […] Dengue is treated with pain medicine as there is no specific treatment currently. […] There is no specific treatment for dengue. The focus is on treating pain symptoms. Most cases of dengue fever can be treated at home with pain medicine. […] Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is often used to control pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and aspirin are avoided as they can increase the risk of bleeding. […] For people with severe dengue, hospitalization is often needed. […] If you get dengue, it’s important to: rest; drink plenty of liquids; use acetaminophen (paracetamol) for pain; avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, like ibuprofen and aspirin; and watch for severe symptoms and contact your doctor as soon as possible if you notice any. […] So far one vaccine (QDenga) has been approved and licensed in some countries. However, it is recommended only for the age group of 6 to 16 years in high transmission settings. Several additional vaccines are under evaluation.

• #15

  https://journals.lww.com/idi/fulltext/2021/10000/guidelines_for_the_diagnosis_and_treatment_of.6.aspx

  Symptomatic treatment includes: […] 1. Reduce fever: Physical cooling is the mainstay, and warm baths can be used; acetaminophen can be administered to patients with high fever if they cannot tolerate it. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), ibuprofen, and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used with caution to avoid aggravating gastritis or bleeding. […] 2. Rehydration: In cases of heavy sweating or diarrhea, rehydration is given according to the patient’s level of dehydration, with oral rehydration as the mainstay. Patients with nausea and anorexia can be rehydrated by administering small amounts of oral rehydration fluid. Oral rehydration salts, soups, and juices can prevent electrolyte imbalance. Carbonated drinks should be used with caution to avoid causing physiological stress-related hyperglycemia. Patients with frequent vomiting, difficulty in eating, or low blood pressure should be promptly administered intravenous fluids, which can be given as isotonic solutions such as 0.9% saline.

• #16

  https://journals.lww.com/idi/fulltext/2021/10000/guidelines_for_the_diagnosis_and_treatment_of.6.aspx

  Symptomatic treatment includes: […] 1. Reduce fever: Physical cooling is the mainstay, and warm baths can be used; acetaminophen can be administered to patients with high fever if they cannot tolerate it. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), ibuprofen, and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used with caution to avoid aggravating gastritis or bleeding. […] 2. Rehydration: In cases of heavy sweating or diarrhea, rehydration is given according to the patient’s level of dehydration, with oral rehydration as the mainstay. Patients with nausea and anorexia can be rehydrated by administering small amounts of oral rehydration fluid. Oral rehydration salts, soups, and juices can prevent electrolyte imbalance. Carbonated drinks should be used with caution to avoid causing physiological stress-related hyperglycemia. Patients with frequent vomiting, difficulty in eating, or low blood pressure should be promptly administered intravenous fluids, which can be given as isotonic solutions such as 0.9% saline.

• #17 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Oral rehydration therapy is recommended for patients with moderate dehydration caused by high fever and vomiting. Patients with known or suspected dengue fever should have their platelet count and hematocrit measured daily from the third day of illness until 1-2 days after defervescence. Patients with clinical signs of dehydration and patients with a rising hematocrit level or falling platelet count should have intravascular volume deficits replaced under close observation. […] Successful management of severe dengue requires careful attention to fluid management and proactive treatment of hemorrhage. Admission to an intensive care unit is indicated for patients with dengue shock syndrome. Patients may need a central intravenous line for volume replacement and an arterial line for accurate blood pressure monitoring and frequent blood tests.

• #18

  https://journals.lww.com/idi/fulltext/2021/10000/guidelines_for_the_diagnosis_and_treatment_of.6.aspx

  Symptomatic treatment includes: […] 1. Reduce fever: Physical cooling is the mainstay, and warm baths can be used; acetaminophen can be administered to patients with high fever if they cannot tolerate it. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), ibuprofen, and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used with caution to avoid aggravating gastritis or bleeding. […] 2. Rehydration: In cases of heavy sweating or diarrhea, rehydration is given according to the patient’s level of dehydration, with oral rehydration as the mainstay. Patients with nausea and anorexia can be rehydrated by administering small amounts of oral rehydration fluid. Oral rehydration salts, soups, and juices can prevent electrolyte imbalance. Carbonated drinks should be used with caution to avoid causing physiological stress-related hyperglycemia. Patients with frequent vomiting, difficulty in eating, or low blood pressure should be promptly administered intravenous fluids, which can be given as isotonic solutions such as 0.9% saline.

• #19 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Oral rehydration therapy is recommended for patients with moderate dehydration caused by high fever and vomiting. Patients with known or suspected dengue fever should have their platelet count and hematocrit measured daily from the third day of illness until 1-2 days after defervescence. Patients with clinical signs of dehydration and patients with a rising hematocrit level or falling platelet count should have intravascular volume deficits replaced under close observation. […] Successful management of severe dengue requires careful attention to fluid management and proactive treatment of hemorrhage. Admission to an intensive care unit is indicated for patients with dengue shock syndrome. Patients may need a central intravenous line for volume replacement and an arterial line for accurate blood pressure monitoring and frequent blood tests.

• #20

  https://journals.lww.com/idi/fulltext/2021/10000/guidelines_for_the_diagnosis_and_treatment_of.6.aspx

  3. Sedation and pain relief: Symptomatic treatment such as Valium may be given. […] 4. The elderly, pregnant women and those with underlying illnesses should be hospitalized promptly and given close observation and rehydration treatment. […] 5. Traditional Chinese medicine dialectical treatment according to the patient’s wishes. […] Patients with severe dengue need to be hospitalized, with close monitoring for consciousness, urine output, vital signs, and blood lactate levels when available. Critically ill patients need to be transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) for treatment. Patients with severe plasma leakage, shock, ARDS, severe bleeding, or other critical organ dysfunction should be treated actively. […] Rehydration therapy is vital in people at high risk of severe dengue. Early intravenous rehydration may reduce the severity of the disease if the patient has early warning signs of severe dengue or shows signs of plasma leakage, and reasonable rehydration may reduce the incidence of shock.

• #21 Dengue fever | Communicable Diseases Agency

  https://www.cda.gov.sg/professionals/diseases/dengue-fever

  Supportive. […] Paracetamol for fever (avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) […] Intravenous fluids for hypotension and dehydration (avoid over-hydration precipitating pulmonary oedema in DHF) […] Daily platelet and haematocrit measurement when platelets drop below 100,000/mm3 […] Complete bed rest for platelet count less than 50,000/mm3 […] There is no evidence that prophylactic platelet transfusion (in the absence of bleeding) is beneficial.

• #22

  https://journals.lww.com/idi/fulltext/2021/10000/guidelines_for_the_diagnosis_and_treatment_of.6.aspx

  This guideline is intended to help clinicians make rational decisions in the diagnosis and treatment of dengue fever; however, this is not a mandatory standard and cannot encompass or address all issues in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of dengue fever. Therefore, clinicians should develop reasonable treatment plans based on their professional knowledge, clinical experience, and available medical resources and treat each patient on a case-by-case basis. […] The principles of treatment are early detection, early diagnosis, early mosquito prevention and isolation, and early treatment. There is no specific antiviral treatment for dengue fever, and the main measures are symptomatic support treatment, general management, and preventive treatment. […] General management includes (1) bed rest and light semi-liquid diet; (2) anti-mosquito isolation until the fever subsides and symptoms resolve; (3) monitoring of consciousness, vital signs, fluid intake and output, urine volume, blood count, liver and kidney function, cardiac enzymes, and warning signs of severe dengue.

• #23 Dengue | Georgia Department of Public Health

  https://dph.georgia.gov/mosquito-borne-diseases/dengue

  Dengue is a potentially serious viral infection transmitted through mosquito bites. It causes symptoms ranging from fever and headaches to severe complications, and there is currently no specific antiviral treatment for the disease. If you believe you have dengue, it is important to seek supportive medical care. […] Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment for dengue. Most people sick with dengue can get better on their own within 2-7 days of first feeling the symptoms. During this time, it is essential to rest as much as possible, take acetaminophen (like Tylenol) for fever, and drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated. […] Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is the preferred treatment for fevers, aches, and pains associated with the dengue virus. […] It is important to note that taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB), Asprin, and naproxen sodium (Aleve) can be dangerous for people with dengue. This is because these drugs, combined with the dengue virus, can increase the risk of bleeding and issues with the liver.

• #24 Dengue hemorrhagic fever

  https://www.thaitravelclinic.com/Knowledge/dengue-hemorrhagic-fever.html

  The causative agent of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is dengue virus, of which there are 4 serotypes. […] There is no specific antiviral treatment. Symptomatic and supportive measures are most important. To lower the temperature during the febrile phase, acetaminophen should be given. Aspirin must not be used since it is known to cause bleeding. An antiemetic can also be given to prevent nausea and vomiting. Juice or oral rehydration solution in small amounts given frequently are helpful. Close observation for early signs of shock is necessary. The critical period is at the transition from the febrile to the afebrile phase. Parents should be advised about the warning signs of shock, such as, reduced urination, restlessness or drowsiness, coldness of extremities, or fainting. If these symptoms occur, the patient should be hospitalized immediately.

• #25 Dengue fever – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dengue-fever/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353084

  No specific treatment for dengue fever exists. […] The over-the-counter (OTC) drug acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) can help reduce muscle pain and fever. But if you have dengue fever, you should avoid other OTC pain relievers, including aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve). These pain relievers can increase the risk of dengue fever bleeding complications. […] If you have severe dengue fever, you may need: Supportive care in a hospital, Intravenous (IV) fluid and electrolyte replacement, Blood pressure monitoring, Transfusion to replace blood loss.

• #26 Dengue Fever Information & Treatment

  https://www.columbiadoctors.org/health-library/condition/dengue-fever/

  There is no medicine for treating dengue fever. Mild cases may be treated at home with rest and plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration. You may take acetaminophen (Tylenol) for pain. But don’t take anti-inflammatory medicines like aspirin, ibuprofen (such as Advil or Motrin), or naproxen (such as Aleve). They may increase the risk of bleeding. Be safe with medicines. Read and follow all instructions on the label. People with mild cases of dengue fever usually feel better within 2 weeks. […] Dengue hemorrhagic fever, the more serious form of dengue fever, usually requires treatment in a hospital. You may need intravenous (I.V.) fluids to treat dehydration. You also may need a blood transfusion to replace lost blood. You will be closely watched for signs of shock.

• #27 Dengue: Moving from Current Standard of Care to State-of-the-Art Treatment

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4431705/

  Treatment of dengue remains supportive in the absence of targeted antiviral therapy or approved vaccines. […] Responsive fluid management is key to preventing progression to shock or other severe manifestations. […] The failure of recent randomized controlled trials to show utility for antiviral and immunomodulatory agents in dengue is disappointing. […] Dengue management algorithms have been developed by the WHO South East Asia Regional Organization (SEARO) and the WHO Pan American Health Organization, which have been further adapted in national guidelines. […] The primary modality for therapeutic intervention in dengue is fluid management. […] Treatment of mild dehydration is the mainstay of hospitalized dengue. […] Those in the second category may be identified by rapidly rising hematocrit, rapid drop in serum protein or albumin levels, or clinical fluid accumulation such as pulmonary edema and ascites.

• #28 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #29 Dengue fever | Communicable Diseases Agency

  https://www.cda.gov.sg/professionals/diseases/dengue-fever

  Supportive. […] Paracetamol for fever (avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) […] Intravenous fluids for hypotension and dehydration (avoid over-hydration precipitating pulmonary oedema in DHF) […] Daily platelet and haematocrit measurement when platelets drop below 100,000/mm3 […] Complete bed rest for platelet count less than 50,000/mm3 […] There is no evidence that prophylactic platelet transfusion (in the absence of bleeding) is beneficial.

• #30 Fluid Management in Dengue Critical Phase: Which, When, How Much?

  https://clinmedjournals.org/articles/iamm/international-archives-of-medical-microbiology-iamm-4-015.php?jid=iamm

  The objective of fluid therapy during this phase is to guarantee an adequate intravascular volume until the vasculopathy is reversed, preventing progression to shock without causing volume overload. […] Rapidly correcting hypovolemia without causing volume overload should be the goal of therapy during the critical phase. […] IVF are usually needed during the critical phase for no more than 24 to 36 hours after resuscitation. […] Patients with severe dengue can deteriorate quickly during defervescence, with rapid onset of shock due to increase in vascular permeability during the critical phase. The severity of plasma leakage dictates a dynamic nature of the level of management. Supportive care, appropriate fluid therapy guided by vital signs, hematocrit, and urine output keep being the mainstay management.

• #31 Fluid Management in Dengue Critical Phase: Which, When, How Much?

  https://clinmedjournals.org/articles/iamm/international-archives-of-medical-microbiology-iamm-4-015.php?jid=iamm

  Dengue is a very common viral infection in tropical zones, it is transmitted by vectors to humans by mosquito bites of the genre: Aedes. The treatment of severe dengue is based on the administration of intravenous fluids (IVF) and the management of complications. The mainstay of the management is the meticulous administration of fluids to ensure adequate intravascular volume to restore vasculopathy, watching carefully for overload risk. […] Since there is no specific antiviral treatment that modifies the natural history of the disease, the meticulous IVF administration has become the most effective strategy. […] Current management of dengue infection does not have any specific treatment except cautious monitoring and appropriate fluid replacement therapy. […] Dengue patients respond differently to fluid therapy when compared to sepsis patients because fluid loss is roughly equivalent to plasma loss. IVF management in this patients’ should be based on the principle of adequate replacement of fluid loss oriented to achieve euvolemia state, minimizing the risk of fluid overload.

• #32 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #33 What is the best treatment for dengue fever – Patiala Heart Institute

  https://patialaheart.com/blog/best-treatment-for-dengue-fever/

  Once you are diagnosed with dengue fever, you must start looking for the best possible treatment. […] Therefore, the best treatment for dengue fever usually depends on the severity of your symptoms. […] Considering these symptoms, your doctor may prescribe fever reducers and pain killers to control the symptoms of muscle aches and pain. Supportive care is generally needed to treat the mild symptoms of dengue fever. […] Fever reducers and pain killers are usually given to reduce the symptoms of dengue fever. These medications can help lower fever and ease your pain. […] A patient with dengue fever may require platelet transfusion if his platelet count is less than 10,000. […] Moreover, the treatment can also include fluid therapy as dehydration commonly occurs in dengue patients.

• #34 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #35 Dengue Treatment (Classic & Hemorrhagic) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-treatment/

  Patients who lose copious amounts of blood will require a blood transfusion to replenish red blood cell or platelet levels that are low. […] Hemorrhages that are not controlled may lead to cardiac failure and shock, and may require admission to the intensive care unit for more rigorous treatment. […] Dengue treatment should be provided in the hospital for pregnant women, babies, children, and patients with a history of high blood pressure, cardiac failure, renal failure, asthma, or diabetes, even if the patient is not bleeding. […] Hospital treatment is also advised for people with chronic blood problems, like anemia falciforme, and autoimmune diseases. […] Admission to a hospital ensures a more thorough approach to treatment to prevent possible life-threatening complications. […] Natural remedies may help to complement the medical treatment of dengue.

• #36 Dengue fever | Communicable Diseases Agency

  https://www.cda.gov.sg/professionals/diseases/dengue-fever

  Supportive. […] Paracetamol for fever (avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) […] Intravenous fluids for hypotension and dehydration (avoid over-hydration precipitating pulmonary oedema in DHF) […] Daily platelet and haematocrit measurement when platelets drop below 100,000/mm3 […] Complete bed rest for platelet count less than 50,000/mm3 […] There is no evidence that prophylactic platelet transfusion (in the absence of bleeding) is beneficial.

• #37 Clinical Care of Dengue | Dengue | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/hcp/clinical-care/index.html

  No specific medicines are available for dengue. […] No treatment: no specific antiviral agents exist for dengue. […] Supportive care is advised: patients should be advised to stay well hydrated and to avoid aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), aspirin-containing drugs, and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen) because of their anticoagulant properties. […] Fever should be controlled with acetaminophen and tepid sponge baths. […] For patients who develop severe dengue, close observation and frequent monitoring in an intensive care unit may be required. […] Administration of corticosteroids has no demonstrated benefit and is potentially harmful to patients; corticosteroids should not be used except in the case of autoimmune-related complication (e.g., hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, immune thrombocytopenia purpura).

• #38 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Oral rehydration therapy is recommended for patients with moderate dehydration caused by high fever and vomiting. Patients with known or suspected dengue fever should have their platelet count and hematocrit measured daily from the third day of illness until 1-2 days after defervescence. Patients with clinical signs of dehydration and patients with a rising hematocrit level or falling platelet count should have intravascular volume deficits replaced under close observation. […] Successful management of severe dengue requires careful attention to fluid management and proactive treatment of hemorrhage. Admission to an intensive care unit is indicated for patients with dengue shock syndrome. Patients may need a central intravenous line for volume replacement and an arterial line for accurate blood pressure monitoring and frequent blood tests.

• #39 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Oral rehydration therapy is recommended for patients with moderate dehydration caused by high fever and vomiting. Patients with known or suspected dengue fever should have their platelet count and hematocrit measured daily from the third day of illness until 1-2 days after defervescence. Patients with clinical signs of dehydration and patients with a rising hematocrit level or falling platelet count should have intravascular volume deficits replaced under close observation. […] Successful management of severe dengue requires careful attention to fluid management and proactive treatment of hemorrhage. Admission to an intensive care unit is indicated for patients with dengue shock syndrome. Patients may need a central intravenous line for volume replacement and an arterial line for accurate blood pressure monitoring and frequent blood tests.

• #40 Dengue (Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/dengue-2

  Dengue fever treatment and management: There is no specific treatment for dengue fever. Patients should rest, stay hydrated and seek medical advice. Depending on the clinical manifestations and other circumstances, patients may be sent home, be referred for in-hospital management, or require emergency treatment and urgent referral. Supportive care such as fever reducers and painkillers can be taken to control the symptoms of muscle aches and pains, and fever. The best option to treat these symptoms is paracetamol. NSAIDs should be avoided in view of the risk of haemorrhage. […] Therefore management principles include: Fever control with paracetamol, tepid sponging and fans. Intravenous fluid resuscitation with close monitoring, observing for increased capillary permeability. Monitor CVP and urine output, electrolytes, packed cell volume, platelets and LFTs. High-volume and aggressive colloid/crystalloid infusion under expert guidance may be needed. Inotropes and renal support may be necessary. Secondary bacterial infections may occur and require treatment. Haemorrhage and shock require FFP and platelets. Effective management of severe dengue requires early detection with urgent and often intensive care in hospital, where available.

• #41 Dengue encephalitis | Encephalitis International

  https://www.encephalitis.info/types-of-encephalitis/infectious-encephalitis/dengue-encephalitis/

  Dengue encephalitis is a rare and severe complication of dengue fever, a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by the dengue virus. […] There is no specific treatment for dengue encephalitis. […] Supportive care is provided to manage symptoms and complications. […] Medications are prescribed to control fever, seizures, and brain swelling. […] In severe cases, respiratory support (oxygen or mechanical ventilation) may be required. […] The prognosis of dengue encephalitis varies depending on severity and time to diagnosis and treatment. […] Some patients may recover completely, while others may experience long-term neurological complications or even death. […] Potential long-term effects include cognitive impairment, movement disorders or permanent brain damage.

• #42 Dengue (Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/dengue-2

  Dengue fever treatment and management: There is no specific treatment for dengue fever. Patients should rest, stay hydrated and seek medical advice. Depending on the clinical manifestations and other circumstances, patients may be sent home, be referred for in-hospital management, or require emergency treatment and urgent referral. Supportive care such as fever reducers and painkillers can be taken to control the symptoms of muscle aches and pains, and fever. The best option to treat these symptoms is paracetamol. NSAIDs should be avoided in view of the risk of haemorrhage. […] Therefore management principles include: Fever control with paracetamol, tepid sponging and fans. Intravenous fluid resuscitation with close monitoring, observing for increased capillary permeability. Monitor CVP and urine output, electrolytes, packed cell volume, platelets and LFTs. High-volume and aggressive colloid/crystalloid infusion under expert guidance may be needed. Inotropes and renal support may be necessary. Secondary bacterial infections may occur and require treatment. Haemorrhage and shock require FFP and platelets. Effective management of severe dengue requires early detection with urgent and often intensive care in hospital, where available.

• #43

  https://journals.lww.com/idi/fulltext/2021/10000/guidelines_for_the_diagnosis_and_treatment_of.6.aspx

  3. Sedation and pain relief: Symptomatic treatment such as Valium may be given. […] 4. The elderly, pregnant women and those with underlying illnesses should be hospitalized promptly and given close observation and rehydration treatment. […] 5. Traditional Chinese medicine dialectical treatment according to the patient’s wishes. […] Patients with severe dengue need to be hospitalized, with close monitoring for consciousness, urine output, vital signs, and blood lactate levels when available. Critically ill patients need to be transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) for treatment. Patients with severe plasma leakage, shock, ARDS, severe bleeding, or other critical organ dysfunction should be treated actively. […] Rehydration therapy is vital in people at high risk of severe dengue. Early intravenous rehydration may reduce the severity of the disease if the patient has early warning signs of severe dengue or shows signs of plasma leakage, and reasonable rehydration may reduce the incidence of shock.

• #44

  https://journals.lww.com/idi/fulltext/2021/10000/guidelines_for_the_diagnosis_and_treatment_of.6.aspx

  3. Sedation and pain relief: Symptomatic treatment such as Valium may be given. […] 4. The elderly, pregnant women and those with underlying illnesses should be hospitalized promptly and given close observation and rehydration treatment. […] 5. Traditional Chinese medicine dialectical treatment according to the patient’s wishes. […] Patients with severe dengue need to be hospitalized, with close monitoring for consciousness, urine output, vital signs, and blood lactate levels when available. Critically ill patients need to be transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) for treatment. Patients with severe plasma leakage, shock, ARDS, severe bleeding, or other critical organ dysfunction should be treated actively. […] Rehydration therapy is vital in people at high risk of severe dengue. Early intravenous rehydration may reduce the severity of the disease if the patient has early warning signs of severe dengue or shows signs of plasma leakage, and reasonable rehydration may reduce the incidence of shock.

• #45 Dengue Treatment (Classic & Hemorrhagic) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-treatment/

  Patients who lose copious amounts of blood will require a blood transfusion to replenish red blood cell or platelet levels that are low. […] Hemorrhages that are not controlled may lead to cardiac failure and shock, and may require admission to the intensive care unit for more rigorous treatment. […] Dengue treatment should be provided in the hospital for pregnant women, babies, children, and patients with a history of high blood pressure, cardiac failure, renal failure, asthma, or diabetes, even if the patient is not bleeding. […] Hospital treatment is also advised for people with chronic blood problems, like anemia falciforme, and autoimmune diseases. […] Admission to a hospital ensures a more thorough approach to treatment to prevent possible life-threatening complications. […] Natural remedies may help to complement the medical treatment of dengue.

• #46 Dengue Treatment (Classic & Hemorrhagic) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-treatment/

  Patients who lose copious amounts of blood will require a blood transfusion to replenish red blood cell or platelet levels that are low. […] Hemorrhages that are not controlled may lead to cardiac failure and shock, and may require admission to the intensive care unit for more rigorous treatment. […] Dengue treatment should be provided in the hospital for pregnant women, babies, children, and patients with a history of high blood pressure, cardiac failure, renal failure, asthma, or diabetes, even if the patient is not bleeding. […] Hospital treatment is also advised for people with chronic blood problems, like anemia falciforme, and autoimmune diseases. […] Admission to a hospital ensures a more thorough approach to treatment to prevent possible life-threatening complications. […] Natural remedies may help to complement the medical treatment of dengue.

• #47 Dengue Treatment (Classic & Hemorrhagic) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-treatment/

  Patients who lose copious amounts of blood will require a blood transfusion to replenish red blood cell or platelet levels that are low. […] Hemorrhages that are not controlled may lead to cardiac failure and shock, and may require admission to the intensive care unit for more rigorous treatment. […] Dengue treatment should be provided in the hospital for pregnant women, babies, children, and patients with a history of high blood pressure, cardiac failure, renal failure, asthma, or diabetes, even if the patient is not bleeding. […] Hospital treatment is also advised for people with chronic blood problems, like anemia falciforme, and autoimmune diseases. […] Admission to a hospital ensures a more thorough approach to treatment to prevent possible life-threatening complications. […] Natural remedies may help to complement the medical treatment of dengue.

• #48 Dengue-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Narrative Review of Its Identification and Treatment

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/4/332

  Dengue’s lack of specific treatments beyond supportive care prompts a focus on uncovering additional pathophysiological factors. […] To mitigate high mortality, early identification and familiarity with dengue-associated HLH are imperative for prompt treatment by clinicians. […] Treatment predominantly involves short courses (3–4 days) of high-dose steroids (e.g., dexamethasone 10 mg/m²), with additional therapies considered in more severe presentations. Notably, outcomes can be favorable with steroid therapy alone. […] Treatment of dengue-associated HLH was usually with short courses (about 3–4 days) of high-dose intravenous steroids, e.g., dexamethasone 10 mg/m² daily, with some patients tapering steroids over 2–8 weeks. […] With steroids alone, no study reported an increased risk of secondary bacterial or fungal infection.

• #49 Dengue-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Narrative Review of Its Identification and Treatment

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/4/332

  Dengue’s lack of specific treatments beyond supportive care prompts a focus on uncovering additional pathophysiological factors. […] To mitigate high mortality, early identification and familiarity with dengue-associated HLH are imperative for prompt treatment by clinicians. […] Treatment predominantly involves short courses (3–4 days) of high-dose steroids (e.g., dexamethasone 10 mg/m²), with additional therapies considered in more severe presentations. Notably, outcomes can be favorable with steroid therapy alone. […] Treatment of dengue-associated HLH was usually with short courses (about 3–4 days) of high-dose intravenous steroids, e.g., dexamethasone 10 mg/m² daily, with some patients tapering steroids over 2–8 weeks. […] With steroids alone, no study reported an increased risk of secondary bacterial or fungal infection.

• #50 Dengue-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Narrative Review of Its Identification and Treatment

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/4/332

  For the treatment of dengue-associated HLH, no randomized trials are available, which makes treatment selection both challenging and uncertain. Nonetheless, published experience from contemporary cases mainly relies on supportive care with or without the use of short courses (3–4 days) of high-dose steroids. […] Specific steroid treatment could be IV methylprednisolone or dexamethasone alone, without the need for IV immunoglobulin or chemotherapy. […] Dexamethasone may even be initiated orally, given its good bioavailability of 81%. […] Some authors have suggested combined therapy of steroids with immunoglobulin, an example being methylprednisolone 1 g/day for 3–5 days and immunoglobulin 1 g/kg/day for 2 days. […] The clinical management of dengue-associated HLH is summarized in Table 3. When treatment is effective, gradual recovery with complete resolution of clinical and laboratory abnormalities within 2–8 weeks is expected.

• #51 Clinical Care of Dengue | Dengue | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/hcp/clinical-care/index.html

  No specific medicines are available for dengue. […] No treatment: no specific antiviral agents exist for dengue. […] Supportive care is advised: patients should be advised to stay well hydrated and to avoid aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), aspirin-containing drugs, and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen) because of their anticoagulant properties. […] Fever should be controlled with acetaminophen and tepid sponge baths. […] For patients who develop severe dengue, close observation and frequent monitoring in an intensive care unit may be required. […] Administration of corticosteroids has no demonstrated benefit and is potentially harmful to patients; corticosteroids should not be used except in the case of autoimmune-related complication (e.g., hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, immune thrombocytopenia purpura).

• #52

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue

  Dengue is a viral infection transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes. […] There is no specific treatment for dengue/severe dengue, and early detection and access to proper medical care greatly lower fatality rates of severe dengue. […] Dengue is treated with pain medicine as there is no specific treatment currently. […] There is no specific treatment for dengue. The focus is on treating pain symptoms. Most cases of dengue fever can be treated at home with pain medicine. […] Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is often used to control pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and aspirin are avoided as they can increase the risk of bleeding. […] For people with severe dengue, hospitalization is often needed. […] If you get dengue, it’s important to: rest; drink plenty of liquids; use acetaminophen (paracetamol) for pain; avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, like ibuprofen and aspirin; and watch for severe symptoms and contact your doctor as soon as possible if you notice any. […] So far one vaccine (QDenga) has been approved and licensed in some countries. However, it is recommended only for the age group of 6 to 16 years in high transmission settings. Several additional vaccines are under evaluation.

• #53 Dengue (dengue fever)

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/dengue-fever/

  There’s no cure or single treatment for dengue fever. You can only relieve the symptoms until the infection has gone. […] You can usually look after yourself at home. […] It may help to: take paracetamol for pain and fever, drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration, get plenty of rest. […] Do not take aspirin or ibuprofen. These can cause bleeding problems in people with dengue. […] Get medical advice if your symptoms do not improve. A GP can check if there is another cause for your symptoms. You may need a blood test to confirm that you have dengue. […] A vaccine can help prevent against dengue disease. The vaccine available in Ireland is called Qdenga. […] Adults and children age 4 and older can get the vaccine. But it is usually only given to people who had dengue before. This is to prevent severe dengue.

• #54 Dengue: Symptoms, Duration and Treatment of This Global Epidemic – Blog – ISGLOBAL

  https://www.isglobal.org/en/healthisglobal/-/custom-blog-portlet/dengue-fever-a-global-epidemic-explained

  There is still no specific treatment for dengue, although promising results have recently been announced for an antiviral pill tested in a very small human trial. […] Currently, two dengue vaccines are authorized. The first one (Dengvaxia, by Sanofi) is only recommended for people living in endemic areas who have already had a previous infection. The second one, by Takeda, was approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for use in people over 4 years old in endemic areas and travelers, regardless of prior infection. […] Recently, very promising phase 3 results were published for another tetravalent vaccine developed by Brazil’s Butantan Institute. The vaccine, based on live-attenuated virus, was shown to be safe and highly effective in preventing symptomatic dengue in both children and adults, regardless of prior infection.

• #55 Dengue fever – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dengue-fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20353078

  Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne illness that occurs in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. […] Severe dengue fever is a life-threatening medical emergency. Seek immediate medical attention if you’ve recently visited an area in which dengue fever is known to occur, you have had a fever and you develop any of the warning signs. Warning signs include severe stomach pain, vomiting, difficulty breathing, or blood in your nose, gums, vomit or stools. […] Dengue fever vaccines may be available for people ages 6 to 60. Dengue vaccination is a series of two or three doses, depending on the vaccine you get, over the course of months. These vaccines are for use by people who live where the viruses that cause dengue are common, and who have already had dengue fever at least once. […] The World Health Organization stresses that the vaccine is not an effective tool on its own to reduce dengue fever in areas where the illness is common. Preventing mosquito bites and controlling the mosquito population are still the main methods for preventing the spread of dengue fever.

• #56 NIH-funded clinical trial will evaluate new dengue therapeutic | National Institutes of Health (NIH)

  https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-funded-clinical-trial-will-evaluate-new-dengue-therapeutic

  A clinical trial supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is testing an experimental treatment designed to help people suffering the effects of dengue, a mosquito-borne viral disease. […] There is currently no Food and Drug Administration-approved treatment for dengue. […] When caring for a patient who is critically ill with dengue, healthcare providers have few options other than providing supportive care, said NIAID Director Jeanne Marrazzo, M.D., M.P.H. We must find safe and effective therapeutics to provide much-needed relief to people suffering from dengue. […] The new clinical trial will test the ability of AV-1, an investigational human monoclonal antibody therapeutic developed by AbViro (Bethesda, Maryland), to mitigate clinical symptoms when administered before and after dengue virus infection. […] If AV-1 shows promising results in this clinical trial, researchers may pursue further clinical evaluations of its safety and efficacy against dengue virus.

• #57

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40506-023-00263-w

  Judicious fluid administration to ensure adequate tissue perfusion during the critical phase of illness is the other arm of mainstay dengue management. […] A recent phase II open-labeled RCT evaluating the efficacy of eltrombopag to correct thrombocytopenia in moderate to severe dengue patients with platelet counts below 100109/L shows potential. […] Considering that a higher viral burden could promote severe dengue disease, identification of DENV-specific antivirals has been an important focus of research for dengue therapeutics. […] A direct-acting dengue therapeutic with promising preclinical data is the JNJ-A07, NS4B inhibitor developed by Janssen Pharmaceuticals. […] Doxycycline, a broad-spectrum tetracycline-class antibiotic and antimalarial, has shown some efficacy as an antiviral against DENV1-4 in vitro by inhibiting NS2B-NS3 protease activity, resulting in reduced viral entry and replication.

• #58

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40506-023-00263-w

  Judicious fluid administration to ensure adequate tissue perfusion during the critical phase of illness is the other arm of mainstay dengue management. […] A recent phase II open-labeled RCT evaluating the efficacy of eltrombopag to correct thrombocytopenia in moderate to severe dengue patients with platelet counts below 100109/L shows potential. […] Considering that a higher viral burden could promote severe dengue disease, identification of DENV-specific antivirals has been an important focus of research for dengue therapeutics. […] A direct-acting dengue therapeutic with promising preclinical data is the JNJ-A07, NS4B inhibitor developed by Janssen Pharmaceuticals. […] Doxycycline, a broad-spectrum tetracycline-class antibiotic and antimalarial, has shown some efficacy as an antiviral against DENV1-4 in vitro by inhibiting NS2B-NS3 protease activity, resulting in reduced viral entry and replication.

• #59

  https://www.healthxchange.sg/medicine-first-aid/medicine/dengue-fever-new-drug-safe

  Dengue fever, which is carried and spread by the Aedes mosquito, currently does not have a cure or a vaccine. […] There is currently no vaccine for dengue and no approved medicine for treating dengue fever. However, supportive care with intravenous fluids and frequent blood tests can help to reduce complications. In severe cases, blood transfusions may be required. […] Patients need plenty of bed rest. They should drink a lot of fluids and take medicine to reduce the fever. […] An antiviral drug named Celgosivir may be effective for treating dengue fever. […] Celgosivir is a safe medicine that was tested in the United States, Canada and Europe against other viral infections. […] About 600 patients took Celgosivir in those studies. […] The side effects can also be mitigated by changes in dietary habits and the types of food eaten.

• #60 NIH-funded clinical trial will evaluate new dengue therapeutic | National Institutes of Health (NIH)

  https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-funded-clinical-trial-will-evaluate-new-dengue-therapeutic

  A clinical trial supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is testing an experimental treatment designed to help people suffering the effects of dengue, a mosquito-borne viral disease. […] There is currently no Food and Drug Administration-approved treatment for dengue. […] When caring for a patient who is critically ill with dengue, healthcare providers have few options other than providing supportive care, said NIAID Director Jeanne Marrazzo, M.D., M.P.H. We must find safe and effective therapeutics to provide much-needed relief to people suffering from dengue. […] The new clinical trial will test the ability of AV-1, an investigational human monoclonal antibody therapeutic developed by AbViro (Bethesda, Maryland), to mitigate clinical symptoms when administered before and after dengue virus infection. […] If AV-1 shows promising results in this clinical trial, researchers may pursue further clinical evaluations of its safety and efficacy against dengue virus.

• #61 Hyundai Bio (HDB) and DNDi sign MOU for joint development of Xafty-based dengue treatment |

  https://dndi.org/press-releases/2025/hyundai-bio-and-dndi-sign-mou-for-potential-dengue-treatment/

  Hyundai Bioscience (HYUNDAI BIOSCIENCE CO., LTD.) and the Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi), an international non-profit organization that discovers, develops and delivers treatments for neglected patients, jointly announced today the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to develop Xafty, a niclosamide-based broad-spectrum antiviral candidate, into a potential affordable, accessible, and safe antiviral treatment for dengue. […] Both parties will jointly promote a project for the research, development, and global deployment of a Xafty-based dengue antiviral treatment. […] Notably, as there are currently no FDA- (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) or EMA- (European Medicines Agency) approved specific dengue treatments, developing Xafty as an economical and effective treatment option is of great importance, making this collaboration highly meaningful.

• #62 DENGUE: LATEST ADVANCES IN TREATMENT AND PREVENTION | Mya Care

  https://myacare.com/blog/dengue-latest-advances-in-treatment-and-prevention

  In recent years, advancements in the treatment of dengue, including antiviral medications, immunomodulatory therapies, and the addition of plasmapheresis, have improved the prognosis for those affected. […] Antiviral medications are drugs that specifically target and inhibit the replication of viruses. […] While no specific antiviral medication for dengue exists, some drugs under development have shown promise in treating the disease. […] These drugs modulate the immune system’s response to an infection. […] One promising monoclonal antibody includes 3G9, which targets a specific region on the dengue virus protein envelope. […] Plasmapheresis is a procedure that concerns filtering blood plasma before returning it to the patient. […] Due to recent advances, dengue treatment looks promising, with several innovations and new technologies under development to combat the disease. […] Vaccination is a critical preventive measure against dengue. […] Dengue is a significant public health concern. However, it can be controlled through the latest treatments, innovations, and management strategies.

• #63 DENGUE: LATEST ADVANCES IN TREATMENT AND PREVENTION | Mya Care

  https://myacare.com/blog/dengue-latest-advances-in-treatment-and-prevention

  In recent years, advancements in the treatment of dengue, including antiviral medications, immunomodulatory therapies, and the addition of plasmapheresis, have improved the prognosis for those affected. […] Antiviral medications are drugs that specifically target and inhibit the replication of viruses. […] While no specific antiviral medication for dengue exists, some drugs under development have shown promise in treating the disease. […] These drugs modulate the immune system’s response to an infection. […] One promising monoclonal antibody includes 3G9, which targets a specific region on the dengue virus protein envelope. […] Plasmapheresis is a procedure that concerns filtering blood plasma before returning it to the patient. […] Due to recent advances, dengue treatment looks promising, with several innovations and new technologies under development to combat the disease. […] Vaccination is a critical preventive measure against dengue. […] Dengue is a significant public health concern. However, it can be controlled through the latest treatments, innovations, and management strategies.

• #64

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40506-023-00263-w

  Judicious fluid administration to ensure adequate tissue perfusion during the critical phase of illness is the other arm of mainstay dengue management. […] A recent phase II open-labeled RCT evaluating the efficacy of eltrombopag to correct thrombocytopenia in moderate to severe dengue patients with platelet counts below 100109/L shows potential. […] Considering that a higher viral burden could promote severe dengue disease, identification of DENV-specific antivirals has been an important focus of research for dengue therapeutics. […] A direct-acting dengue therapeutic with promising preclinical data is the JNJ-A07, NS4B inhibitor developed by Janssen Pharmaceuticals. […] Doxycycline, a broad-spectrum tetracycline-class antibiotic and antimalarial, has shown some efficacy as an antiviral against DENV1-4 in vitro by inhibiting NS2B-NS3 protease activity, resulting in reduced viral entry and replication.

• #65 mRNA and Gene Editing Tools Offer New Hope for Dengue Virus Treatment | News Center

  https://news.gatech.edu/news/2024/09/05/mrna-and-gene-editing-tools-offer-new-hope-dengue-virus-treatment

  Phil Santangelo has developed a treatment for dengue virus using mRNA and CRISPR technology. […] A team of researchers led by biomedical engineer Phil Santangelo has developed a breakthrough therapy to target and kill the virus using the gene editing tool CRISPR-Cas13. […] There are several challenges with trying to treat dengue, so we wondered, is it possible for us to produce an mRNA-based, CRISPR-based antiviral where one shot can clear the virus, said Santangelo, professor in the Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Tech and Emory University. And thats basically what weve shown. […] This is the first time an mRNA-based CRISPR treatment has worked against systemic viral infections in animal models. […] For the dengue virus study, the team used lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), which are like tiny fat bubbles that transport drugs through the bloodstream and into cells.

• #66 mRNA and Gene Editing Tools Offer New Hope for Dengue Virus Treatment | News Center

  https://news.gatech.edu/news/2024/09/05/mrna-and-gene-editing-tools-offer-new-hope-dengue-virus-treatment

  Phil Santangelo has developed a treatment for dengue virus using mRNA and CRISPR technology. […] A team of researchers led by biomedical engineer Phil Santangelo has developed a breakthrough therapy to target and kill the virus using the gene editing tool CRISPR-Cas13. […] There are several challenges with trying to treat dengue, so we wondered, is it possible for us to produce an mRNA-based, CRISPR-based antiviral where one shot can clear the virus, said Santangelo, professor in the Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Tech and Emory University. And thats basically what weve shown. […] This is the first time an mRNA-based CRISPR treatment has worked against systemic viral infections in animal models. […] For the dengue virus study, the team used lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), which are like tiny fat bubbles that transport drugs through the bloodstream and into cells.

• #67

  https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/Infectious/factsheets/Pages/dengue.aspx

  There is no specific treatment for dengue fever. […] Patients should seek medical advice, rest and drink plenty of fluids. […] Paracetamol can be taken to bring down fever and reduce joint pains. However, aspirin or ibuprofen should not be taken since they can increase the risk of bleeding. […] For severe dengue, emergency medical care is required for close monitoring and treatment in hospital.

• #68

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue

  Dengue is a viral infection transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes. […] There is no specific treatment for dengue/severe dengue, and early detection and access to proper medical care greatly lower fatality rates of severe dengue. […] Dengue is treated with pain medicine as there is no specific treatment currently. […] There is no specific treatment for dengue. The focus is on treating pain symptoms. Most cases of dengue fever can be treated at home with pain medicine. […] Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is often used to control pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and aspirin are avoided as they can increase the risk of bleeding. […] For people with severe dengue, hospitalization is often needed. […] If you get dengue, it’s important to: rest; drink plenty of liquids; use acetaminophen (paracetamol) for pain; avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, like ibuprofen and aspirin; and watch for severe symptoms and contact your doctor as soon as possible if you notice any. […] So far one vaccine (QDenga) has been approved and licensed in some countries. However, it is recommended only for the age group of 6 to 16 years in high transmission settings. Several additional vaccines are under evaluation.

• #69 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Oral rehydration therapy is recommended for patients with moderate dehydration caused by high fever and vomiting. Patients with known or suspected dengue fever should have their platelet count and hematocrit measured daily from the third day of illness until 1-2 days after defervescence. Patients with clinical signs of dehydration and patients with a rising hematocrit level or falling platelet count should have intravascular volume deficits replaced under close observation. […] Successful management of severe dengue requires careful attention to fluid management and proactive treatment of hemorrhage. Admission to an intensive care unit is indicated for patients with dengue shock syndrome. Patients may need a central intravenous line for volume replacement and an arterial line for accurate blood pressure monitoring and frequent blood tests.

• #70 Dengue: Symptoms, Prevention and Treatments – PAHO/WHO

  https://www.paho.org/en/topics/dengue

  There is no specific medicine to treat dengue. […] Medical evaluation through an appropriate medical history and physical examination by a health care professional is key to proper management of the disease. Recognition of the warning signs of dengue is essential to avoid progression to severe forms of dengue. […] Consult your physician. […] Watch for warning signs. If any of them appear, go immediately to the nearest health facility. […] Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration, preferably oral rehydration salts. […] Do not self-medicate, do not use aspirin, because its effect can cause bleeding. […] Do not use antibiotics because dengue is caused by a virus and antibiotics only attack bacteria.

• #71 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Oral rehydration therapy is recommended for patients with moderate dehydration caused by high fever and vomiting. Patients with known or suspected dengue fever should have their platelet count and hematocrit measured daily from the third day of illness until 1-2 days after defervescence. Patients with clinical signs of dehydration and patients with a rising hematocrit level or falling platelet count should have intravascular volume deficits replaced under close observation. […] Successful management of severe dengue requires careful attention to fluid management and proactive treatment of hemorrhage. Admission to an intensive care unit is indicated for patients with dengue shock syndrome. Patients may need a central intravenous line for volume replacement and an arterial line for accurate blood pressure monitoring and frequent blood tests.

• #72 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #73 Dengue : symptoms, treatment, prevention – Institut Pasteur

  https://www.pasteur.fr/en/medical-center/disease-sheets/dengue

  There is no specific treatment for dengue. Symptoms associated with the disease are treated with analgesics. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be avoided, as they may increase the risk of bleeding. […] Prevention relies mainly on vector control, i.e. fighting the mosquitoes that spread the virus, and personal protection measures: removing stagnant water, using repellents, wearing full-body clothing and using mosquito nets. Insecticides can also be used, but their widespread use can induce resistance in mosquito populations, making them less effective. […] There is also a preventive vaccine, Dengvaxia, administered in three doses six months apart, which is only available to certain individuals: those aged 9 to 45 years, previously infected with the virus and living in endemic areas.

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