Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Children born with cleft lip or palate need ongoing care | Mountain Region Speech & Hearing Center

  https://mrshc.org/children-born-with-cleft-lip-or-palate-need-ongoing-care/

  Children born with cleft lip or palate need ongoing care. […] According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 2,651 babies are born with a cleft palate and approximately 4,437 babies are born with a cleft lip (with or without cleft palate) a year in the United States. […] Early evaluation and treatment for these speech and language delays is recommended. […] The location and severity of a cleft lip will often determine if intervention by a speech pathologist is required. […] Treatment for a submucous cleft is dependent on the severity and the symptoms. […] What contributes to the incomplete closure of lip/palate continues to be researched. […] A family history of orofacial clefts and environmental factors such as medications, lack of key nutrients and exposure to cigarette smoke are thought to increase the risk of orofacial clefts.

• #2 Cleft Lip and Palate: Etiology, Epidemiology, Preventive and Inte

  https://www.longdom.org/open-access/cleft-lip-and-palate-etiology-epidemiology-preventive-and-intervention-strategies-21245.html

  Cleft lip and palate represent a major public health problem due to the possible associated life-long morbidity, complex etiology, and the extensive multidisciplinary commitment required for intervention. […] Optimal and early surgical intervention is necessary and folic acid supplementation proved to be a highly efficient preventive strategy. […] Prevention should be considered the ultimate objective for OFCs. Extensive research on the exact etiology, successful implementation of prenatal vitamins and folic acid preventive strategies, together with improvements in surgical procedures, dental and orthodontic interventions, speech pathology, social and psychological support, pediatric care, and all other fields involved in the care of the child with OFC provides a hope for a better quality of care for those children.

• #3 Pediatric Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/995535-treatment

  Research on the association between orofacial clefts and folic acid consumption strongly suggested that a certain proportion of these serious anomalies can be prevented by periconceptional supplementation with folic acid and multivitamins. The preventive approach is assumed to be especially successful in those situations where environmental factors represent a substantial part of the etiologic background. […] Primary prevention (ie, prevention of a birth defect before it develops in the embryo or fetus) is attempted for prevention of recurrences in at-risk families to which a previous baby with the anomaly has been born; it is also applicable in the general population for prevention of occurrences. […] Nonetheless, prevention of congenital anomalies seemed impossible to realize as the ultimate goal of teratology until a double-blind multicenter randomized controlled trial sponsored by the British Medical Research Council (MRC) showed a 72% decrease in the recurrence of NTDs when women ingested folic acid 4 mg/day from the day of randomization before conception and for 12 weeks thereafter.

• #4 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Prevention-of-cleft-lip-and-palate.aspx

  In most cases cleft lip and palate is an inherited condition. There is really nothing parents can do in such cases to prevent cleft lip and palate from forming in their babies. […] However, there are steps a woman can take to reduce the risk of having a baby with a birth defect like cleft lip and palate. […] Thus all women who may conceive even unplanned are advised to take 400 micrograms of folic acid per day in dietary supplements or foods that are fortified with folic acid. […] The Department of Health recommends all women take a daily supplement of 0.4mg of folic acid before they conceive and for the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. […] A recently reported study of 11,000 babies born in Ireland showed that mothers who did not take folic acid in the first three months of pregnancy were four times more at risk of giving birth to babies with cleft lip and palates compared to mothers who did take the supplements.

• #5 Cleft Lip & Cleft Palate: Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10947-cleft-lip-cleft-palate

  You cant prevent your baby from having cleft lip/cleft palate. However, you may be able to lower the risk by not using cigarettes, alcohol and certain medications during pregnancy. Talk to your healthcare provider to learn more.

• #6 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Prevention-of-cleft-lip-and-palate.aspx

  In most cases cleft lip and palate is an inherited condition. There is really nothing parents can do in such cases to prevent cleft lip and palate from forming in their babies. […] However, there are steps a woman can take to reduce the risk of having a baby with a birth defect like cleft lip and palate. […] Thus all women who may conceive even unplanned are advised to take 400 micrograms of folic acid per day in dietary supplements or foods that are fortified with folic acid. […] The Department of Health recommends all women take a daily supplement of 0.4mg of folic acid before they conceive and for the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. […] A recently reported study of 11,000 babies born in Ireland showed that mothers who did not take folic acid in the first three months of pregnancy were four times more at risk of giving birth to babies with cleft lip and palates compared to mothers who did take the supplements.

• #7 Cleft lip and cleft palate | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/birth/cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate

  Take a multivitamin with folic acid in it each day to help prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. […] You cant always prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. But there are things you can do to help reduce your babys chances of having these birth defects: […] Take folic acid. Before pregnancy, take a multivitamin with 400 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. During pregnancy, take a prenatal vitamin with 600 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. […] Dont smoke or drink alcohol. […] Get a preconception checkup. This is a medical checkup you get before pregnancy to help make sure youre healthy when you get pregnant. […] Get to a healthy weight before pregnancy and talk to your provider about gaining a healthy amount of weight during pregnancy. […] Talk to your provider to make sure any medicine you take is safe during pregnancy. You may need to stop taking a medicine or switch to one thats safer during pregnancy. Dont stop taking any medicine without talking to your provider first. […] When you do get pregnant, get early and regular prenatal care. Prenatal care is medical care you get during pregnancy.

• #8 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Prevention-of-cleft-lip-and-palate.aspx

  In most cases cleft lip and palate is an inherited condition. There is really nothing parents can do in such cases to prevent cleft lip and palate from forming in their babies. […] However, there are steps a woman can take to reduce the risk of having a baby with a birth defect like cleft lip and palate. […] Thus all women who may conceive even unplanned are advised to take 400 micrograms of folic acid per day in dietary supplements or foods that are fortified with folic acid. […] The Department of Health recommends all women take a daily supplement of 0.4mg of folic acid before they conceive and for the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. […] A recently reported study of 11,000 babies born in Ireland showed that mothers who did not take folic acid in the first three months of pregnancy were four times more at risk of giving birth to babies with cleft lip and palates compared to mothers who did take the supplements.

• #9 Cleft lip and cleft palate | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/birth/cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate

  Take a multivitamin with folic acid in it each day to help prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. […] You cant always prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. But there are things you can do to help reduce your babys chances of having these birth defects: […] Take folic acid. Before pregnancy, take a multivitamin with 400 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. During pregnancy, take a prenatal vitamin with 600 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. […] Dont smoke or drink alcohol. […] Get a preconception checkup. This is a medical checkup you get before pregnancy to help make sure youre healthy when you get pregnant. […] Get to a healthy weight before pregnancy and talk to your provider about gaining a healthy amount of weight during pregnancy. […] Talk to your provider to make sure any medicine you take is safe during pregnancy. You may need to stop taking a medicine or switch to one thats safer during pregnancy. Dont stop taking any medicine without talking to your provider first. […] When you do get pregnant, get early and regular prenatal care. Prenatal care is medical care you get during pregnancy.

• #10 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Prevention-of-cleft-lip-and-palate.aspx

  In most cases cleft lip and palate is an inherited condition. There is really nothing parents can do in such cases to prevent cleft lip and palate from forming in their babies. […] However, there are steps a woman can take to reduce the risk of having a baby with a birth defect like cleft lip and palate. […] Thus all women who may conceive even unplanned are advised to take 400 micrograms of folic acid per day in dietary supplements or foods that are fortified with folic acid. […] The Department of Health recommends all women take a daily supplement of 0.4mg of folic acid before they conceive and for the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. […] A recently reported study of 11,000 babies born in Ireland showed that mothers who did not take folic acid in the first three months of pregnancy were four times more at risk of giving birth to babies with cleft lip and palates compared to mothers who did take the supplements.

• #11 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Prevention-of-cleft-lip-and-palate.aspx

  In most cases cleft lip and palate is an inherited condition. There is really nothing parents can do in such cases to prevent cleft lip and palate from forming in their babies. […] However, there are steps a woman can take to reduce the risk of having a baby with a birth defect like cleft lip and palate. […] Thus all women who may conceive even unplanned are advised to take 400 micrograms of folic acid per day in dietary supplements or foods that are fortified with folic acid. […] The Department of Health recommends all women take a daily supplement of 0.4mg of folic acid before they conceive and for the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. […] A recently reported study of 11,000 babies born in Ireland showed that mothers who did not take folic acid in the first three months of pregnancy were four times more at risk of giving birth to babies with cleft lip and palates compared to mothers who did take the supplements.

• #12 Cleft lip and cleft palate | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/birth/cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate

  Take a multivitamin with folic acid in it each day to help prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. […] You cant always prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. But there are things you can do to help reduce your babys chances of having these birth defects: […] Take folic acid. Before pregnancy, take a multivitamin with 400 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. During pregnancy, take a prenatal vitamin with 600 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. […] Dont smoke or drink alcohol. […] Get a preconception checkup. This is a medical checkup you get before pregnancy to help make sure youre healthy when you get pregnant. […] Get to a healthy weight before pregnancy and talk to your provider about gaining a healthy amount of weight during pregnancy. […] Talk to your provider to make sure any medicine you take is safe during pregnancy. You may need to stop taking a medicine or switch to one thats safer during pregnancy. Dont stop taking any medicine without talking to your provider first. […] When you do get pregnant, get early and regular prenatal care. Prenatal care is medical care you get during pregnancy.

• #13 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Prevention-of-cleft-lip-and-palate.aspx

  In most cases cleft lip and palate is an inherited condition. There is really nothing parents can do in such cases to prevent cleft lip and palate from forming in their babies. […] However, there are steps a woman can take to reduce the risk of having a baby with a birth defect like cleft lip and palate. […] Thus all women who may conceive even unplanned are advised to take 400 micrograms of folic acid per day in dietary supplements or foods that are fortified with folic acid. […] The Department of Health recommends all women take a daily supplement of 0.4mg of folic acid before they conceive and for the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. […] A recently reported study of 11,000 babies born in Ireland showed that mothers who did not take folic acid in the first three months of pregnancy were four times more at risk of giving birth to babies with cleft lip and palates compared to mothers who did take the supplements.

• #14 Can Folic Acid Prevent Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate?

  https://www.pineypointoms.com/blog/can-folic-acid-prevent-cleft-lip-cleft-palate/

  Cleft lip and cleft palate are serious conditions that can interfere with a babys ability to eat adequately and speak properly. While surgery can correct these issues, it is better to prevent them in the first place. […] Research also points to its value as in reducing the risk of cleft lip and cleft palate. […] In fact, a study published in 2007 found that an intake of 0.4 milligrams of folic acid per day could reduce a babys risk of cleft lip by approximately one-third (with or without concurrent cleft palate). […] Clearly, folic acid is a vital nutrient for expecting moms. Here are some steps you can take to make sure you get enough of it: Take a prenatal vitamin. Most prenatal vitamins contain an adequate daily dose of folic acid. […] You should also stay in close contact with your doctor before and during your pregnancy. They may suggest additional steps you can take to prevent birth defects, such as quitting smoking and stopping alcohol consumption. […] Fortunately, folic acid may be able to prevent them and increase your chances of having a happy, healthy baby.

• #15 Cleft Lip and Palate: Etiology, Epidemiology, Preventive and Inte

  https://www.longdom.org/open-access/cleft-lip-and-palate-etiology-epidemiology-preventive-and-intervention-strategies-21245.html

  Several epidemiological and observational reports have indicated a protective effect of prenatal use of multivitamins and folic acid on incidence of clefts. A decrease in CL/P risk with supplements containing folic acid has ranged from 18% to 50% in humans and from 69% to 76% in experimental animals. […] Treatment of CL/P is complex in nature. It requires an extreme multidisciplinary collaboration committed to managing the patient from birth to maturity. […] The available evidence suggests that there is a strong relationship between positive treatment outcome and the availability of centralized care by a high quality dedicated team. […] In developing parts of the world, management of OFC patients exemplifies the health disparities and inequality. […] Cleft lip and cleft palate can have a significant impact on the health economics of countries around the world. […] The Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) debuted by the World Development Report have become the health metric of choice used to measure the mortality and physical impairment associated with an illness. […] In conclusion, OFCs impact a considerable proportion of the global society.

• #16 Oral cleft prevention program (OCPP)

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3532199/

  A number of subsequent studies reviewed by Czeizel and Munger have continued to suggest that folic acid and/or other micronutrients or vitamins, including vitamin A and vitamin B6, may be important in the etiology of clefts as well. […] Several case-control observational studies have reported a protective effect of periconceptional use of multivitamins and folic acid on occurrence of clefts. […] The estimated decrease in CL/P risk with supplements containing folic acid has ranged from 18% to 50%. […] These studies also provide suggestive results for a potential role of folic acid and possibly other micronutrients in oral cleft etiology/prevention. […] A few countries have introduced folic acid fortification of grain and flour given the strong evidence for a preventive effect of folic acid on neural tube defects (NTDs).

• #17 Oral cleft prevention program (OCPP) | BMC Pediatrics | Full Text

  https://bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2431-12-184

  A number of subsequent studies reviewed by Czeizel and Munger have continued to suggest that folic acid and/or other micronutrients or vitamins, including vitamin A and vitamin B6, may be important in the etiology of clefts as well. […] These studies strongly support further investigations of the role of vitamins and other environmental components in clefting and compel the determination as to whether interventional strategies can result in decreases. […] Several case-control observational studies have reported a protective effect of periconceptional use of multivitamins and folic acid on occurrence of clefts. […] The estimated decrease in CL/P risk with supplements containing folic acid has ranged from 18% to 50%. […] Folic acid supplementation was also shown to decrease the frequency of retinoic acid induced cleft palate in mice by up to 92%, with suggested additive effects with methionine.

• #18 Oral cleft prevention program (OCPP)

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3532199/

  In Brazil, fortification of wheat and corn flour with folic acid became mandatory in June 2004. […] The results of these studies are suggestive of potential preventive effects of high dose folic acid on cleft recurrence. […] The studies reviewed above are suggestive of protective effects of folic acid supplementation on cleft risks, but all suffered from data and design limitations. […] The objective of this study is to assess the effect of folic acid supplementation of 4 mg/day taken at preconception and throughout the first three months of pregnancy on reducing the recurrence of CL/P compared to a 0.4 mg/day standard dose among women born with CL/P or mothers of children with CL/P using a double blinded randomized clinical trial design.

• #19 Oral cleft prevention program (OCPP)

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3532199/

  In Brazil, fortification of wheat and corn flour with folic acid became mandatory in June 2004. […] The results of these studies are suggestive of potential preventive effects of high dose folic acid on cleft recurrence. […] The studies reviewed above are suggestive of protective effects of folic acid supplementation on cleft risks, but all suffered from data and design limitations. […] The objective of this study is to assess the effect of folic acid supplementation of 4 mg/day taken at preconception and throughout the first three months of pregnancy on reducing the recurrence of CL/P compared to a 0.4 mg/day standard dose among women born with CL/P or mothers of children with CL/P using a double blinded randomized clinical trial design.

• #20 Pediatric Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/995535-treatment

  However, prophylactic multivitamin therapy, including folic acid, was first used to prevent a CLP anomaly in future offspring of women whose first child had CL/P. […] On the basis of these study results, Burian (of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences in Prague) initiated a study in which women who had given birth to a child with an orofacial cleft began taking the multivitamin supplement preparation Spofavit (vitamins A, B1, B2, B6, C, D3, and E; nicotinamide; and calcium pathothenicum) either immediately after a subsequent pregnancy was confirmed or periconceptionally when pregnancy had been planned. […] In a nonrandomized prospective interventional study from the Czech Republic, including 221 pregnancies in women at risk for a child with CL/P, a dramatic reduction of cleft recurrences was found after periconceptional supplementation with Spofavit and high-dose folic acid (10 mg/day).

• #21 Pediatric Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/995535-treatment

  A comparison group, comprising 1901 women at risk for giving birth to a child with CL/P, received no supplementation and gave birth within the same period as the study group. […] In the supplemented group, three of 214 informative pregnancies resulted in neonates with CL/P, a 65.4% decrease from the expected value. […] Similarly, a large population-based case control study of fetuses and live-born infants in the 1987-1989 cohort of births in California reported that periconceptional use of multivitamins, which usually contain 0.4 mg or more of folic acid, reduced the occurrence of CL/P by approximately 27-50%. […] In contrast, a study completed by Hayes et al did not support a protective association between the periconceptional folic acid supplementation and the risk of oral cleft. […] However, the most interesting results supporting high-dose folic acid in the prevention of nonsyndromic clefts were those of Czeizel et al in the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies.

• #22 Oral cleft prevention program (OCPP) | BMC Pediatrics | Full Text

  https://bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2431-12-184

  A few countries have introduced folic acid fortification of grain and flour given the strong evidence for a preventive effect of folic acid on neural tube defects (NTDs). […] Unlike the case for NTDs, there is no converging evidence for significant changes in birth prevalence for oral clefts post folic acid fortification. […] The results of these studies are suggestive of potential preventive effects of high dose folic acid on cleft recurrence. […] The data from the Hungarian trials also support the notion of lack of preventive effects of low doses of folic acid on occurrence of oral clefts. […] The studies reviewed above are suggestive of protective effects of folic acid supplementation on cleft risks, but all suffered from data and design limitations. […] The objective of this study is to assess the effect of folic acid supplementation of 4 mg/day taken at preconception and throughout the first three months of pregnancy on reducing the recurrence of CL/P compared to a 0.4 mg/day standard dose among women born with CL/P or mothers of children with CL/P using a double blinded randomized clinical trial design.

• #23 Oral cleft prevention program (OCPP)

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3532199/

  In Brazil, fortification of wheat and corn flour with folic acid became mandatory in June 2004. […] The results of these studies are suggestive of potential preventive effects of high dose folic acid on cleft recurrence. […] The studies reviewed above are suggestive of protective effects of folic acid supplementation on cleft risks, but all suffered from data and design limitations. […] The objective of this study is to assess the effect of folic acid supplementation of 4 mg/day taken at preconception and throughout the first three months of pregnancy on reducing the recurrence of CL/P compared to a 0.4 mg/day standard dose among women born with CL/P or mothers of children with CL/P using a double blinded randomized clinical trial design.

• #24 Oral cleft prevention program (OCPP) | BMC Pediatrics | Full Text

  https://bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2431-12-184

  A few countries have introduced folic acid fortification of grain and flour given the strong evidence for a preventive effect of folic acid on neural tube defects (NTDs). […] Unlike the case for NTDs, there is no converging evidence for significant changes in birth prevalence for oral clefts post folic acid fortification. […] The results of these studies are suggestive of potential preventive effects of high dose folic acid on cleft recurrence. […] The data from the Hungarian trials also support the notion of lack of preventive effects of low doses of folic acid on occurrence of oral clefts. […] The studies reviewed above are suggestive of protective effects of folic acid supplementation on cleft risks, but all suffered from data and design limitations. […] The objective of this study is to assess the effect of folic acid supplementation of 4 mg/day taken at preconception and throughout the first three months of pregnancy on reducing the recurrence of CL/P compared to a 0.4 mg/day standard dose among women born with CL/P or mothers of children with CL/P using a double blinded randomized clinical trial design.

• #25 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Prevention-of-cleft-lip-and-palate.aspx

  Pregnant mothers are advised to avoid smoking and passive exposure to smoke during pregnancy. They are advised a healthy lifestyle and avoid smoking and drinking alcohol. […] Pregnant mothers with epilepsy need to anti-seizure drugs. These also raise the risk of cleft lips and palates. Combining two or more anticonvulsants increases the risk even more. […] Under medical supervision it may be possible to reduce the number of medicines and the risk.

• #26 Cleft lip and cleft palate | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/birth/cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate

  Take a multivitamin with folic acid in it each day to help prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. […] You cant always prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. But there are things you can do to help reduce your babys chances of having these birth defects: […] Take folic acid. Before pregnancy, take a multivitamin with 400 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. During pregnancy, take a prenatal vitamin with 600 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. […] Dont smoke or drink alcohol. […] Get a preconception checkup. This is a medical checkup you get before pregnancy to help make sure youre healthy when you get pregnant. […] Get to a healthy weight before pregnancy and talk to your provider about gaining a healthy amount of weight during pregnancy. […] Talk to your provider to make sure any medicine you take is safe during pregnancy. You may need to stop taking a medicine or switch to one thats safer during pregnancy. Dont stop taking any medicine without talking to your provider first. […] When you do get pregnant, get early and regular prenatal care. Prenatal care is medical care you get during pregnancy.

• #27 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Prevention-of-cleft-lip-and-palate.aspx

  Pregnant mothers are advised to avoid smoking and passive exposure to smoke during pregnancy. They are advised a healthy lifestyle and avoid smoking and drinking alcohol. […] Pregnant mothers with epilepsy need to anti-seizure drugs. These also raise the risk of cleft lips and palates. Combining two or more anticonvulsants increases the risk even more. […] Under medical supervision it may be possible to reduce the number of medicines and the risk.

• #28 Cleft lip and cleft palate | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/birth/cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate

  Take a multivitamin with folic acid in it each day to help prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. […] You cant always prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. But there are things you can do to help reduce your babys chances of having these birth defects: […] Take folic acid. Before pregnancy, take a multivitamin with 400 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. During pregnancy, take a prenatal vitamin with 600 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. […] Dont smoke or drink alcohol. […] Get a preconception checkup. This is a medical checkup you get before pregnancy to help make sure youre healthy when you get pregnant. […] Get to a healthy weight before pregnancy and talk to your provider about gaining a healthy amount of weight during pregnancy. […] Talk to your provider to make sure any medicine you take is safe during pregnancy. You may need to stop taking a medicine or switch to one thats safer during pregnancy. Dont stop taking any medicine without talking to your provider first. […] When you do get pregnant, get early and regular prenatal care. Prenatal care is medical care you get during pregnancy.

• #29 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Prevention-of-cleft-lip-and-palate.aspx

  Pregnant mothers are advised to avoid smoking and passive exposure to smoke during pregnancy. They are advised a healthy lifestyle and avoid smoking and drinking alcohol. […] Pregnant mothers with epilepsy need to anti-seizure drugs. These also raise the risk of cleft lips and palates. Combining two or more anticonvulsants increases the risk even more. […] Under medical supervision it may be possible to reduce the number of medicines and the risk.

• #30 Cleft lip and cleft palate | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/birth/cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate

  Take a multivitamin with folic acid in it each day to help prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. […] You cant always prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. But there are things you can do to help reduce your babys chances of having these birth defects: […] Take folic acid. Before pregnancy, take a multivitamin with 400 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. During pregnancy, take a prenatal vitamin with 600 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. […] Dont smoke or drink alcohol. […] Get a preconception checkup. This is a medical checkup you get before pregnancy to help make sure youre healthy when you get pregnant. […] Get to a healthy weight before pregnancy and talk to your provider about gaining a healthy amount of weight during pregnancy. […] Talk to your provider to make sure any medicine you take is safe during pregnancy. You may need to stop taking a medicine or switch to one thats safer during pregnancy. Dont stop taking any medicine without talking to your provider first. […] When you do get pregnant, get early and regular prenatal care. Prenatal care is medical care you get during pregnancy.

• #31 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Prevention-of-cleft-lip-and-palate.aspx

  Pregnant mothers are advised to avoid smoking and passive exposure to smoke during pregnancy. They are advised a healthy lifestyle and avoid smoking and drinking alcohol. […] Pregnant mothers with epilepsy need to anti-seizure drugs. These also raise the risk of cleft lips and palates. Combining two or more anticonvulsants increases the risk even more. […] Under medical supervision it may be possible to reduce the number of medicines and the risk.

• #32 Cleft lip and cleft palate | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/birth/cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate

  Take a multivitamin with folic acid in it each day to help prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. […] You cant always prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. But there are things you can do to help reduce your babys chances of having these birth defects: […] Take folic acid. Before pregnancy, take a multivitamin with 400 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. During pregnancy, take a prenatal vitamin with 600 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. […] Dont smoke or drink alcohol. […] Get a preconception checkup. This is a medical checkup you get before pregnancy to help make sure youre healthy when you get pregnant. […] Get to a healthy weight before pregnancy and talk to your provider about gaining a healthy amount of weight during pregnancy. […] Talk to your provider to make sure any medicine you take is safe during pregnancy. You may need to stop taking a medicine or switch to one thats safer during pregnancy. Dont stop taking any medicine without talking to your provider first. […] When you do get pregnant, get early and regular prenatal care. Prenatal care is medical care you get during pregnancy.

• #33 Cleft Lip and Palate: What it Is and How to Prevent It –

  https://www.carnegieimaging.com/blog/cleft-lip-and-palate-what-it-is-and-how-to-prevent-it/

  How can I prevent oral clefts? Although oral clefts are typically not preventable, it makes sense to take folic acid starting prior to conception (at least 400 micrograms per day) and try to avoid alcohol and smoking in pregnancy. Achieving a healthy weight prior to pregnancy can have numerous benefits. […] To partner with our expert team and begin taking the right steps for prevention and management of oral clefts, contact our New York City office by calling or filling out our online form.

• #34 Cleft Palate and Cleft Lip Difference, Causes, Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/cleft_palate_and_cleft_lip/article.htm

  Is it possible to prevent a cleft lip or cleft palate? […] The large majority of infants experiencing cleft lip or cleft palate do not have a genetic predisposition or obvious risk factors. During pregnancy, some issues may increase the likelihood of producing a newborn with cleft lip and/or cleft palate. These may include the following: […] Certain medications to help prevent maternal seizures or migraine headaches (for example, topiramate [Topamax]) […] Certain medications that are used as cancer chemotherapy (including methotrexate [Rheumatrex, Trexall]) […] Smoking cigarettes (no information yet regarding e-cigarettes) […] Alcohol consumption […] Lack of folic acid supplementation before conception and throughout the pregnancy.

• #35 Cleft Palate and Cleft Lip Difference, Causes, Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/cleft_palate_and_cleft_lip/article.htm

  Is it possible to prevent a cleft lip or cleft palate? […] The large majority of infants experiencing cleft lip or cleft palate do not have a genetic predisposition or obvious risk factors. During pregnancy, some issues may increase the likelihood of producing a newborn with cleft lip and/or cleft palate. These may include the following: […] Certain medications to help prevent maternal seizures or migraine headaches (for example, topiramate [Topamax]) […] Certain medications that are used as cancer chemotherapy (including methotrexate [Rheumatrex, Trexall]) […] Smoking cigarettes (no information yet regarding e-cigarettes) […] Alcohol consumption […] Lack of folic acid supplementation before conception and throughout the pregnancy.

• #36 Cleft lip and cleft palate | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/birth/cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate

  Take a multivitamin with folic acid in it each day to help prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. […] You cant always prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. But there are things you can do to help reduce your babys chances of having these birth defects: […] Take folic acid. Before pregnancy, take a multivitamin with 400 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. During pregnancy, take a prenatal vitamin with 600 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. […] Dont smoke or drink alcohol. […] Get a preconception checkup. This is a medical checkup you get before pregnancy to help make sure youre healthy when you get pregnant. […] Get to a healthy weight before pregnancy and talk to your provider about gaining a healthy amount of weight during pregnancy. […] Talk to your provider to make sure any medicine you take is safe during pregnancy. You may need to stop taking a medicine or switch to one thats safer during pregnancy. Dont stop taking any medicine without talking to your provider first. […] When you do get pregnant, get early and regular prenatal care. Prenatal care is medical care you get during pregnancy.

• #37 Cleft lip and cleft palate awareness and prevention month | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/blog/cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate-awareness-and-prevention-month

  Cleft lip and cleft palate happen when a babys lip or mouth doesnt form completely during pregnancy. Cleft lip and cleft palate are birth defects. […] Cleft lip and palate happen very early in pregnancy. […] How can you reduce your babys risk for cleft lip and palate? Heres what you can do to reduce your babys risk: Take folic acid. Folic acid is a B vitamin that can help prevent certain birth defects in your baby. Before pregnancy, take a vitamin supplement with 400 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. During pregnancy, take a prenatal vitamin with 600 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. […] Get a preconception checkup. This is a checkup you get before pregnancy to help make sure you’re healthy when you get pregnant. […] Get to a healthy weight before pregnancy and talk to your provider about gaining the right amount of weight during pregnancy.

• #38 Cleft lip and cleft palate | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/birth/cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate

  Take a multivitamin with folic acid in it each day to help prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. […] You cant always prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. But there are things you can do to help reduce your babys chances of having these birth defects: […] Take folic acid. Before pregnancy, take a multivitamin with 400 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. During pregnancy, take a prenatal vitamin with 600 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. […] Dont smoke or drink alcohol. […] Get a preconception checkup. This is a medical checkup you get before pregnancy to help make sure youre healthy when you get pregnant. […] Get to a healthy weight before pregnancy and talk to your provider about gaining a healthy amount of weight during pregnancy. […] Talk to your provider to make sure any medicine you take is safe during pregnancy. You may need to stop taking a medicine or switch to one thats safer during pregnancy. Dont stop taking any medicine without talking to your provider first. […] When you do get pregnant, get early and regular prenatal care. Prenatal care is medical care you get during pregnancy.

• #39 Cleft lip and cleft palate | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/birth/cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate

  Take a multivitamin with folic acid in it each day to help prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. […] You cant always prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. But there are things you can do to help reduce your babys chances of having these birth defects: […] Take folic acid. Before pregnancy, take a multivitamin with 400 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. During pregnancy, take a prenatal vitamin with 600 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. […] Dont smoke or drink alcohol. […] Get a preconception checkup. This is a medical checkup you get before pregnancy to help make sure youre healthy when you get pregnant. […] Get to a healthy weight before pregnancy and talk to your provider about gaining a healthy amount of weight during pregnancy. […] Talk to your provider to make sure any medicine you take is safe during pregnancy. You may need to stop taking a medicine or switch to one thats safer during pregnancy. Dont stop taking any medicine without talking to your provider first. […] When you do get pregnant, get early and regular prenatal care. Prenatal care is medical care you get during pregnancy.

• #40 Cleft lip and cleft palate awareness and prevention month | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/blog/cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate-awareness-and-prevention-month

  Cleft lip and cleft palate happen when a babys lip or mouth doesnt form completely during pregnancy. Cleft lip and cleft palate are birth defects. […] Cleft lip and palate happen very early in pregnancy. […] How can you reduce your babys risk for cleft lip and palate? Heres what you can do to reduce your babys risk: Take folic acid. Folic acid is a B vitamin that can help prevent certain birth defects in your baby. Before pregnancy, take a vitamin supplement with 400 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. During pregnancy, take a prenatal vitamin with 600 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. […] Get a preconception checkup. This is a checkup you get before pregnancy to help make sure you’re healthy when you get pregnant. […] Get to a healthy weight before pregnancy and talk to your provider about gaining the right amount of weight during pregnancy.

• #41 Cleft lip and cleft palate | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/topics/birth/cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate

  Take a multivitamin with folic acid in it each day to help prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. […] You cant always prevent cleft lip and cleft palate in your baby. But there are things you can do to help reduce your babys chances of having these birth defects: […] Take folic acid. Before pregnancy, take a multivitamin with 400 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. During pregnancy, take a prenatal vitamin with 600 micrograms of folic acid in it every day. […] Dont smoke or drink alcohol. […] Get a preconception checkup. This is a medical checkup you get before pregnancy to help make sure youre healthy when you get pregnant. […] Get to a healthy weight before pregnancy and talk to your provider about gaining a healthy amount of weight during pregnancy. […] Talk to your provider to make sure any medicine you take is safe during pregnancy. You may need to stop taking a medicine or switch to one thats safer during pregnancy. Dont stop taking any medicine without talking to your provider first. […] When you do get pregnant, get early and regular prenatal care. Prenatal care is medical care you get during pregnancy.

• #42 Cleft lip and cleft palate awareness and prevention month | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/blog/cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate-awareness-and-prevention-month

  Talk to your provider to make sure any medicine you take is safe during pregnancy. Dont stop taking any medicine without talking to your provider first. […] Get early and regular prenatal care. This is medical care you get during pregnancy to make sure you and your baby are doing well. […] Protect yourself from infections. Make sure all your vaccinations are up to date, especially for rubella (also called German measles). Wash your hands often.

• #43 Cleft lip and cleft palate awareness and prevention month | March of Dimes

  https://www.marchofdimes.org/find-support/blog/cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate-awareness-and-prevention-month

  Talk to your provider to make sure any medicine you take is safe during pregnancy. Dont stop taking any medicine without talking to your provider first. […] Get early and regular prenatal care. This is medical care you get during pregnancy to make sure you and your baby are doing well. […] Protect yourself from infections. Make sure all your vaccinations are up to date, especially for rubella (also called German measles). Wash your hands often.

• #44 What Causes Cleft Lip & Palate | Children’s Medical Centers of Fresno

  https://cmcfresno.com/blog/what-causes-cleft-lip-palate/

  If you have a family history of cleft palate, please talk with your doctor about ways to prevent it. Although theres no known way to prevent oral clefts, there are ways to reduce the risk. These include: […] Women who take prenatal supplements such as folic acid before becoming pregnant have been shown to have a 60% decrease in the risk of having a child with any neural tube defect, including cleft lip and palate. And if you take folic acid during the first trimester, your chance of preventing neural tube defects increases even more! […] The best way to prevent cleft and lip palate is to avoid alcohol, drugs, and smoking during pregnancy. These substances can contribute to serious congenital disabilities. Smoking reduces oxygen flow to the fetus, which can cause birth defects. […] Controlling diabetes during pregnancy by managing blood sugar levels carefully especially in the first trimester because high blood sugar levels increase the risk for babies born with facial problems like cleft lip or palate.

• #45 Cleft Lip and Palate: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/pediatrics/craniofacial-centers/cleft-lip-palate

  There are currently no known ways to prevent a cleft lip and/or cleft palate. People with a family history of the condition and people with diabetes may want to discuss their risk with a genetic counselor and a doctor before getting pregnant. […] Avoiding smoking during pregnancy can reduce the risk of having a baby with the condition. […] Genetic counseling may help people with a family history of the condition understand the risk of the condition to their child and treatment options. […] People with diabetes who consider getting pregnant can discuss the risk to the child with their doctor. […] People who are pregnant or considering getting pregnant and are taking certain medicines that can increase the risk for the condition should consider discussing alternative medicines with their doctor. […] Maintaining a healthy weight.

• #46 Cleft Lip and Palate in Children

  https://phoenixchildrens.staywellsolutionsonline.com/Search/90,P01847

  Cleft lip and cleft palate can’t always be prevented. But there are things you can do to reduce the risk. They include: […] Get a pre-pregnancy exam to make sure you are healthy before you get pregnant. […] Get regular and complete prenatal care during pregnancy. […] Take folic acid if you are trying to get pregnant. […] Take daily prenatal vitamins that include folic acid during pregnancy. […] Don’t smoke. Ask your healthcare provider for help quitting if needed. […] Don’t drink alcohol during pregnancy. […] Think about getting genetic counseling if other members of your family have had cleft lip and palate.

• #47 Cleft lip and cleft palate – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cleft-palate/symptoms-causes/syc-20370985

  After a baby is born with a cleft, parents could be concerned about whether they’ll have another child with the same condition. While many cases of cleft lip and cleft palate can’t be prevented, think about these steps to lower your risk: […] Consider genetic counseling. If you have a family history of cleft lip and cleft palate, tell your healthcare professional before you become pregnant. Your healthcare professional may refer you to a genetic counselor who can help figure out your risk of having children with cleft lip and cleft palate. […] Take prenatal vitamins. If you’re planning to get pregnant soon, ask your healthcare professional if you should take prenatal vitamins. These contain important vitamins and minerals that you and your unborn baby need. […] Don’t use tobacco or alcohol. Use of alcohol or tobacco during pregnancy raises the risk of having a baby with health problems at birth.

• #48 Cleft lip and cleft palate – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cleft-palate/symptoms-causes/syc-20370985

  After a baby is born with a cleft, parents could be concerned about whether they’ll have another child with the same condition. While many cases of cleft lip and cleft palate can’t be prevented, think about these steps to lower your risk: […] Consider genetic counseling. If you have a family history of cleft lip and cleft palate, tell your healthcare professional before you become pregnant. Your healthcare professional may refer you to a genetic counselor who can help figure out your risk of having children with cleft lip and cleft palate. […] Take prenatal vitamins. If you’re planning to get pregnant soon, ask your healthcare professional if you should take prenatal vitamins. These contain important vitamins and minerals that you and your unborn baby need. […] Don’t use tobacco or alcohol. Use of alcohol or tobacco during pregnancy raises the risk of having a baby with health problems at birth.

• #49 Cleft lip and cleft palate – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cleft-palate/symptoms-causes/syc-20370985

  After a baby is born with a cleft, parents could be concerned about whether they’ll have another child with the same condition. While many cases of cleft lip and cleft palate can’t be prevented, think about these steps to lower your risk: […] Consider genetic counseling. If you have a family history of cleft lip and cleft palate, tell your healthcare professional before you become pregnant. Your healthcare professional may refer you to a genetic counselor who can help figure out your risk of having children with cleft lip and cleft palate. […] Take prenatal vitamins. If you’re planning to get pregnant soon, ask your healthcare professional if you should take prenatal vitamins. These contain important vitamins and minerals that you and your unborn baby need. […] Don’t use tobacco or alcohol. Use of alcohol or tobacco during pregnancy raises the risk of having a baby with health problems at birth.

• #50 Cleft lip and cleft palate: Causes, treatment, and speech

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/164660

  There is no way to prevent a cleft palate, but avoiding alcohol and tobacco during pregnancy may help reduce the chance of a cleft and other health problems. A person should check with a physician before taking any medications during pregnancy. […] If one or more close relatives were born with a cleft, parents may wish to seek genetic counseling before pregnancy to help them to understand the likelihood of it affecting the baby. The parents of a child with a cleft may be interested in receiving genetic counseling before trying for another child.

• #51 Prevention of Cleft Lip & Cleft Palate | Erufu Care

  https://www.erufucare.com/diseases-conditions/cleft-lip-cleft-palate/prevention

  Cleft lip and cleft palate (a.k.a. orofacial cleft) is a birth defect characterized by openings of the upper lip and the roof of the mouth. This page discusses how to prevent having a child with cleft lip and cleft palate. […] Below are some suggestions on how to prevent getting a child with a cleft lip and cleft palate. […] If you have a family history of cleft lip and cleft palate, you may want to consult a genetic counselor before getting a child. […] If you are planning on getting pregnant soon, ask your doctor if you need any prenatal vitamins. […] Avoid tobacco smoking and alcohol intake. These can increase the risk of having a child with cleft lip and cleft palate. […] Avoid being obese during pregnancy. If necessary, consider losing weigh before getting pregnant. Consult your doctor for healthy ways to loss weigh.

• #52 Cleft lip and palate primary prevention – wikidoc

  https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Cleft_lip_and_palate_primary_prevention

  While many cases of cleft lip and cleft palate are unpredictable, you can take steps to understand or lower your risk: […] Genetic counseling: A genetic testing can tell you how much a history of clefting in both your families increases your risk, as well as how blood or DNA samples can test for chromosomal syndromes. […] Taking prenatal vitamins: Some researches demonstrate that lack of folic acid or certain other vitamins may be related to some cases of cleft lip and cleft palate. Taking a prenatal multivitamin may decrease the risk of having a cleft lip and palate baby.

• #53 Prophylactic Antibiotics After Cleft Lip and Palate Reconstruction: A Review From a Global Health Perspective

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10113116/

  Orofacial clefts are common congenital deformities. Global initiatives have increased access to cleft care and reconstruction surgeries for cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P), but there is no consensus on the use of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics. […] Based on limited available data, we cannot make any strong evidence-based recommendations on prescribing postoperative antibiotics; however, we recommend that each cleft surgeon performing these procedures in lower-income countries without access to tertiary care centers consider the cost-benefit analysis of prescribing antimicrobials postoperatively, without antimicrobial screening, which showed no benefit. […] There are no formal guidelines regarding the use of postoperative prophylactic antibiotics in cleft lip or palate surgery.

• #54 Prophylactic Antibiotics After Cleft Lip and Palate Reconstruction: A Review From a Global Health Perspective

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10113116/

  We argue that prophylactic antibiotics are similarly justified for patients receiving cleft surgery in lower-income countries due to the lack of access to routine follow-up or tertiary care centers equipped to identify and correct SSI or palatal fistulas. […] Based on the data in the reviewed studies, we cannot make any strong data-driven recommendations on antimicrobials after cleft surgery. […] However, we advise that cleft surgeons practicing in resource-poor areas of the world with challenges as previously discussed consider the cost-benefit analysis of implementing a prophylactic antibiotic regimen without microbiological screening, which was not shown to provide any benefit. […] Our review of 15 studies concluded some evidence that postoperative prophylactic antibiotics reduce postoperative complications such as palatal fistula.

• #55 Prophylactic Antibiotics After Cleft Lip and Palate Reconstruction: A Review From a Global Health Perspective

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10113116/

  We argue that prophylactic antibiotics are similarly justified for patients receiving cleft surgery in lower-income countries due to the lack of access to routine follow-up or tertiary care centers equipped to identify and correct SSI or palatal fistulas. […] Based on the data in the reviewed studies, we cannot make any strong data-driven recommendations on antimicrobials after cleft surgery. […] However, we advise that cleft surgeons practicing in resource-poor areas of the world with challenges as previously discussed consider the cost-benefit analysis of implementing a prophylactic antibiotic regimen without microbiological screening, which was not shown to provide any benefit. […] Our review of 15 studies concluded some evidence that postoperative prophylactic antibiotics reduce postoperative complications such as palatal fistula.

• #56 Prophylactic Antibiotics After Cleft Lip and Palate Reconstruction: A Review From a Global Health Perspective

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10113116/

  We argue that prophylactic antibiotics are similarly justified for patients receiving cleft surgery in lower-income countries due to the lack of access to routine follow-up or tertiary care centers equipped to identify and correct SSI or palatal fistulas. […] Based on the data in the reviewed studies, we cannot make any strong data-driven recommendations on antimicrobials after cleft surgery. […] However, we advise that cleft surgeons practicing in resource-poor areas of the world with challenges as previously discussed consider the cost-benefit analysis of implementing a prophylactic antibiotic regimen without microbiological screening, which was not shown to provide any benefit. […] Our review of 15 studies concluded some evidence that postoperative prophylactic antibiotics reduce postoperative complications such as palatal fistula.

• #57 Cleft Lip and Palate: Etiology, Epidemiology, Preventive and Inte

  https://www.longdom.org/open-access/cleft-lip-and-palate-etiology-epidemiology-preventive-and-intervention-strategies-21245.html

  Several epidemiological and observational reports have indicated a protective effect of prenatal use of multivitamins and folic acid on incidence of clefts. A decrease in CL/P risk with supplements containing folic acid has ranged from 18% to 50% in humans and from 69% to 76% in experimental animals. […] Treatment of CL/P is complex in nature. It requires an extreme multidisciplinary collaboration committed to managing the patient from birth to maturity. […] The available evidence suggests that there is a strong relationship between positive treatment outcome and the availability of centralized care by a high quality dedicated team. […] In developing parts of the world, management of OFC patients exemplifies the health disparities and inequality. […] Cleft lip and cleft palate can have a significant impact on the health economics of countries around the world. […] The Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) debuted by the World Development Report have become the health metric of choice used to measure the mortality and physical impairment associated with an illness. […] In conclusion, OFCs impact a considerable proportion of the global society.

• #58 Cleft Lip and Palate: Etiology, Epidemiology, Preventive and Inte

  https://www.longdom.org/open-access/cleft-lip-and-palate-etiology-epidemiology-preventive-and-intervention-strategies-21245.html

  Several epidemiological and observational reports have indicated a protective effect of prenatal use of multivitamins and folic acid on incidence of clefts. A decrease in CL/P risk with supplements containing folic acid has ranged from 18% to 50% in humans and from 69% to 76% in experimental animals. […] Treatment of CL/P is complex in nature. It requires an extreme multidisciplinary collaboration committed to managing the patient from birth to maturity. […] The available evidence suggests that there is a strong relationship between positive treatment outcome and the availability of centralized care by a high quality dedicated team. […] In developing parts of the world, management of OFC patients exemplifies the health disparities and inequality. […] Cleft lip and cleft palate can have a significant impact on the health economics of countries around the world. […] The Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) debuted by the World Development Report have become the health metric of choice used to measure the mortality and physical impairment associated with an illness. […] In conclusion, OFCs impact a considerable proportion of the global society.

• #59 Cleft Lip and Palate: Etiology, Epidemiology, Preventive and Inte

  https://www.longdom.org/open-access/cleft-lip-and-palate-etiology-epidemiology-preventive-and-intervention-strategies-21245.html

  Several epidemiological and observational reports have indicated a protective effect of prenatal use of multivitamins and folic acid on incidence of clefts. A decrease in CL/P risk with supplements containing folic acid has ranged from 18% to 50% in humans and from 69% to 76% in experimental animals. […] Treatment of CL/P is complex in nature. It requires an extreme multidisciplinary collaboration committed to managing the patient from birth to maturity. […] The available evidence suggests that there is a strong relationship between positive treatment outcome and the availability of centralized care by a high quality dedicated team. […] In developing parts of the world, management of OFC patients exemplifies the health disparities and inequality. […] Cleft lip and cleft palate can have a significant impact on the health economics of countries around the world. […] The Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) debuted by the World Development Report have become the health metric of choice used to measure the mortality and physical impairment associated with an illness. […] In conclusion, OFCs impact a considerable proportion of the global society.

• #60 Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate

  https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/prevention-wellness/oral-health/fast-facts-oral-health/cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate.html

  Regular prenatal care can help reduce the risks of birth defects. […] Parents often want to learn more about the chance of having another child with a cleft. Specialized medical providers, called genetic counselors, can help give you this information. […] Children with cleft lip or cleft palate require early evaluation by a dentist familiar with their special needs. These children may have problems with poorly positioned, malformed, or missing teeth. With early detection and intervention, children with cleft lips or cleft palates can lead normal, healthy lives.

• #61

• #62 Children born with cleft lip or palate need ongoing care | Mountain Region Speech & Hearing Center

  https://mrshc.org/children-born-with-cleft-lip-or-palate-need-ongoing-care/

  Children born with cleft lip or palate need ongoing care. […] According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, approximately 2,651 babies are born with a cleft palate and approximately 4,437 babies are born with a cleft lip (with or without cleft palate) a year in the United States. […] Early evaluation and treatment for these speech and language delays is recommended. […] The location and severity of a cleft lip will often determine if intervention by a speech pathologist is required. […] Treatment for a submucous cleft is dependent on the severity and the symptoms. […] What contributes to the incomplete closure of lip/palate continues to be researched. […] A family history of orofacial clefts and environmental factors such as medications, lack of key nutrients and exposure to cigarette smoke are thought to increase the risk of orofacial clefts.

• #63

  https://www.shrinerschildrens.org/en/news-and-media/patient-stories/2022/07/charlie-gail-cleft-story

  July marks Cleft and Craniofacial Awareness and Prevention Month, which is dedicated to educating families about cleft lip and palate, and other common craniofacial conditions that can occur within the first three months of pregnancy. […] Start assembling your team and meet with them so you know what to expect. […] Make sure your primary care doctor or pediatrician is familiar with CLP, and then look for specialists for plastic surgery, feeding, speech therapy, dentistry and orthodontics. […] Also, make your mental health a priority! Taking care of you as mom, dad or caregiver is just as important. […] Multiple Shriners Children’s locations offer treatment for cleft lip and/or cleft palate. Please refer to the the location lists on the care detail pages for more information. […] Shriners Childrens provides world-class craniofacial care. We are proud that multiple Shriners Childrens locations are American Cleft Palate Craniofacial Association approved teams and our plastic surgeons have undergone additional training to specifically care for children.

• #64

  https://www.shrinerschildrens.org/en/news-and-media/patient-stories/2022/07/charlie-gail-cleft-story

  July marks Cleft and Craniofacial Awareness and Prevention Month, which is dedicated to educating families about cleft lip and palate, and other common craniofacial conditions that can occur within the first three months of pregnancy. […] Start assembling your team and meet with them so you know what to expect. […] Make sure your primary care doctor or pediatrician is familiar with CLP, and then look for specialists for plastic surgery, feeding, speech therapy, dentistry and orthodontics. […] Also, make your mental health a priority! Taking care of you as mom, dad or caregiver is just as important. […] Multiple Shriners Children’s locations offer treatment for cleft lip and/or cleft palate. Please refer to the the location lists on the care detail pages for more information. […] Shriners Childrens provides world-class craniofacial care. We are proud that multiple Shriners Childrens locations are American Cleft Palate Craniofacial Association approved teams and our plastic surgeons have undergone additional training to specifically care for children.

• #65 Cleft Lip & Palate Services At MUSC | MUSC Health | Charleston SC

  https://muschealth.org/medical-services/ent/fprs/cleft-lip

  Before and after cleft lip repair 1 […] If a prenatal ultrasound detects a possible cleft, we offer prenatal counseling to the parents to help them prepare for the birth of their child and to answer questions they may have about the impact of a cleft lip or palate. […] Prenatal counseling is very valuable because it enables the parents to deliver the child at their local hospital, and allow them to feel ready for how to feed their child after birth. […] A special cleft bottle is provided to the family that allows the baby to feed with ease, and without the baby having to generate suction. […] After the baby is feeding well, the cleft lip surgery and the cleft palate surgeries are planned and usually occur within the first year of life (see above chart). […] Early in life, one of the main goals is to ensure clear speech development and becomes the emphasis of treatment as the child starts talking.

• #66 Cleft Lip & Palate Services At MUSC | MUSC Health | Charleston SC

  https://muschealth.org/medical-services/ent/fprs/cleft-lip

  Before and after cleft lip repair 1 […] If a prenatal ultrasound detects a possible cleft, we offer prenatal counseling to the parents to help them prepare for the birth of their child and to answer questions they may have about the impact of a cleft lip or palate. […] Prenatal counseling is very valuable because it enables the parents to deliver the child at their local hospital, and allow them to feel ready for how to feed their child after birth. […] A special cleft bottle is provided to the family that allows the baby to feed with ease, and without the baby having to generate suction. […] After the baby is feeding well, the cleft lip surgery and the cleft palate surgeries are planned and usually occur within the first year of life (see above chart). […] Early in life, one of the main goals is to ensure clear speech development and becomes the emphasis of treatment as the child starts talking.

• #67 You Can Help Prevent Cleft Lip and Palate!

  https://www.cleftprevention.org/

  There is enough scientific evidence strongly suggesting that many cleft lip and palate anomalies can be prevented! […] Together, we can help prevent cleft lip and palate. […] Cleft Prevention International Foundation is an international organization with a mission of preventing cleft lip and palate worldwide through education and research. […] Learn more about cleft lip and palate and prevention from leading scientists in the field. […] There are many ways you can support our mission toward prevention of cleft lip and palate.

• #68 Oral cleft prevention program (OCPP)

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3532199/

  Oral clefts are one of the most common birth defects with significant medical, psychosocial, and economic ramifications. […] There are suggestive results for decreased risks of cleft occurrence and recurrence with folic acid supplements taken at preconception and during pregnancy with a stronger evidence for higher than lower doses in preventing recurrence. […] Given the substantial burden of clefting on the individual and the family and the supportive data for the effectiveness of folic acid supplementation as well as its low cost, a randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of high versus low dose folic acid for prevention of cleft recurrence is warranted. […] This study provides an opportunity for huge savings in not only money but the overall quality of life. This may help establish more specific clinical guidelines for oral cleft prevention so that the intervention can be better tailored for at-risk women.

• #69 Oral cleft prevention program (OCPP) | BMC Pediatrics | Full Text

  https://bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2431-12-184

  Oral clefts are one of the most common birth defects with significant medical, psychosocial, and economic ramifications. […] There are suggestive results for decreased risks of cleft occurrence and recurrence with folic acid supplements taken at preconception and during pregnancy with a stronger evidence for higher than lower doses in preventing recurrence. […] Given the substantial burden of clefting on the individual and the family and the supportive data for the effectiveness of folic acid supplementation as well as its low cost, a randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of high versus low dose folic acid for prevention of cleft recurrence is warranted. […] This study provides an opportunity for huge savings in not only money but the overall quality of life. This may help establish more specific clinical guidelines for oral cleft prevention so that the intervention can be better tailored for at-risk women.

• #70

  https://www.shrinerschildrens.org/en/news-and-media/patient-stories/2022/07/charlie-gail-cleft-story

  July marks Cleft and Craniofacial Awareness and Prevention Month, which is dedicated to educating families about cleft lip and palate, and other common craniofacial conditions that can occur within the first three months of pregnancy. […] Start assembling your team and meet with them so you know what to expect. […] Make sure your primary care doctor or pediatrician is familiar with CLP, and then look for specialists for plastic surgery, feeding, speech therapy, dentistry and orthodontics. […] Also, make your mental health a priority! Taking care of you as mom, dad or caregiver is just as important. […] Multiple Shriners Children’s locations offer treatment for cleft lip and/or cleft palate. Please refer to the the location lists on the care detail pages for more information. […] Shriners Childrens provides world-class craniofacial care. We are proud that multiple Shriners Childrens locations are American Cleft Palate Craniofacial Association approved teams and our plastic surgeons have undergone additional training to specifically care for children.

• #71 National Cleft and Craniofacial Awareness and Prevention Month

  https://crispregional.org/national-cleft-and-craniofacial-awareness-and-prevention-month/

  July is National Cleft and Craniofacial Awareness and Prevention Month. This month focuses on raising awareness about and prevention for a congenital condition known as cleft lip and palate. […] This month is a great opportunity to learn more about a very treatable condition that affects many children worldwide and find ways of making treatment more available to those who need it.

• #72 Researchers are finding more genes directly associated with cleft lip and palate | Iowa Now – The University of Iowa

  https://now.uiowa.edu/news/2023/01/researchers-are-finding-more-genes-directly-associated-cleft-lip-and-palate

  The families who generously enrolled in this study were hopeful that this work would someday lead to improved prevention or treatment of cleft lip/palate, Murray says, and this work is a landmark step in that direction. […] Eventually, if you know the genetics behind cleft lip and palate, and the step-by-step process of how you build a face, then you might figure out how to intervene to prevent the defect. […] There are multiple pathways and genes and interactions between many different cell types, so we need to identify all these components in order to understand how a face gets put together.

• #73 Researchers are finding more genes directly associated with cleft lip and palate | Iowa Now – The University of Iowa

  https://now.uiowa.edu/news/2023/01/researchers-are-finding-more-genes-directly-associated-cleft-lip-and-palate

  The families who generously enrolled in this study were hopeful that this work would someday lead to improved prevention or treatment of cleft lip/palate, Murray says, and this work is a landmark step in that direction. […] Eventually, if you know the genetics behind cleft lip and palate, and the step-by-step process of how you build a face, then you might figure out how to intervene to prevent the defect. […] There are multiple pathways and genes and interactions between many different cell types, so we need to identify all these components in order to understand how a face gets put together.

• #74 Researchers are finding more genes directly associated with cleft lip and palate | Iowa Now – The University of Iowa

  https://now.uiowa.edu/news/2023/01/researchers-are-finding-more-genes-directly-associated-cleft-lip-and-palate

  The families who generously enrolled in this study were hopeful that this work would someday lead to improved prevention or treatment of cleft lip/palate, Murray says, and this work is a landmark step in that direction. […] Eventually, if you know the genetics behind cleft lip and palate, and the step-by-step process of how you build a face, then you might figure out how to intervene to prevent the defect. […] There are multiple pathways and genes and interactions between many different cell types, so we need to identify all these components in order to understand how a face gets put together.

• #75 Incidence of cleft lip and palate, and epidemiology of perinatal deaths related to cleft lip and palate in Hunan Province, China, 2016–2020 | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-37436-y

  This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and CL/P-related perinatal deaths, provide some information for intervention programs to reduce the incidence of CL/P and provide clues for future researchers. […] Therefore, studies on the epidemiological characteristics of CL/P are essential for providing evidence for future intervention. […] In conclusion, we found that CP was more common in urban areas and females, CL and CLP were more common in males, and CL/P was more common in mothers20 or 35 years old. In addition, most CL/P-related perinatal deaths were terminations of pregnancy. CL/P-related perinatal deaths were more common in rural areas, and the proportion of CL/P-related perinatal deaths decreased with the increase in maternal age, parity, and per-capita annual income. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain these phenomena. Our study is the first systematic research on CL/P and CL/P-related perinatal deaths based on birth defects surveillance. It is significant for intervention programs to prevent CL/P and CL/P-related perinatal deaths. […] Therefore, the proportion of CL/P-related perinatal deaths was higher in the B-Ultrasound diagnosis group.

• #76 Research on Cleft Lip and Palate – Seattle Children’s

  https://www.seattlechildrens.org/clinics/craniofacial/research-and-clinical-trials/cleft-lip-and-palate/

  Drs. Collett and Gallagher want to know what might cause these problems and what can be done to prevent them. […] They are studying ways parents can use reading to improve their childrens speech and language skills.

• #77

  https://www.cleftprevention.org/learn/research/

  Similarly, in a large population-based case control study in the California population, we showed that periconceptional use of at least 0.4 mg folic acid reduced the occurrence risk for cleft lip and palate by 27-50% (Shaw, Lammer, Wasserman, OMalley, and Tolarova 1995). […] A number of nutritional studies also identified other components of mothers diet that are important during her pregnancy: vitamins B12 and B6, Zinc. […] Other studies were done in countries around the world. It was found that prevention programs need to be developed specifically for a location and ethnicity of the population.

• #78 Oral cleft prevention program (OCPP)

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3532199/

  Oral clefts are one of the most common birth defects with significant medical, psychosocial, and economic ramifications. […] There are suggestive results for decreased risks of cleft occurrence and recurrence with folic acid supplements taken at preconception and during pregnancy with a stronger evidence for higher than lower doses in preventing recurrence. […] Given the substantial burden of clefting on the individual and the family and the supportive data for the effectiveness of folic acid supplementation as well as its low cost, a randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of high versus low dose folic acid for prevention of cleft recurrence is warranted. […] This study provides an opportunity for huge savings in not only money but the overall quality of life. This may help establish more specific clinical guidelines for oral cleft prevention so that the intervention can be better tailored for at-risk women.

• #79 Cleft Lip and Palate: Etiology, Epidemiology, Preventive and Inte

  https://www.longdom.org/open-access/cleft-lip-and-palate-etiology-epidemiology-preventive-and-intervention-strategies-21245.html

  Cleft lip and palate represent a major public health problem due to the possible associated life-long morbidity, complex etiology, and the extensive multidisciplinary commitment required for intervention. […] Optimal and early surgical intervention is necessary and folic acid supplementation proved to be a highly efficient preventive strategy. […] Prevention should be considered the ultimate objective for OFCs. Extensive research on the exact etiology, successful implementation of prenatal vitamins and folic acid preventive strategies, together with improvements in surgical procedures, dental and orthodontic interventions, speech pathology, social and psychological support, pediatric care, and all other fields involved in the care of the child with OFC provides a hope for a better quality of care for those children.

• #80 Oral cleft prevention program (OCPP)

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3532199/

  Oral clefts are one of the most common birth defects with significant medical, psychosocial, and economic ramifications. […] There are suggestive results for decreased risks of cleft occurrence and recurrence with folic acid supplements taken at preconception and during pregnancy with a stronger evidence for higher than lower doses in preventing recurrence. […] Given the substantial burden of clefting on the individual and the family and the supportive data for the effectiveness of folic acid supplementation as well as its low cost, a randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of high versus low dose folic acid for prevention of cleft recurrence is warranted. […] This study provides an opportunity for huge savings in not only money but the overall quality of life. This may help establish more specific clinical guidelines for oral cleft prevention so that the intervention can be better tailored for at-risk women.

• #81 Oral cleft prevention program (OCPP) | BMC Pediatrics | Full Text

  https://bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2431-12-184

  Oral clefts are one of the most common birth defects with significant medical, psychosocial, and economic ramifications. […] There are suggestive results for decreased risks of cleft occurrence and recurrence with folic acid supplements taken at preconception and during pregnancy with a stronger evidence for higher than lower doses in preventing recurrence. […] Given the substantial burden of clefting on the individual and the family and the supportive data for the effectiveness of folic acid supplementation as well as its low cost, a randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of high versus low dose folic acid for prevention of cleft recurrence is warranted. […] This study provides an opportunity for huge savings in not only money but the overall quality of life. This may help establish more specific clinical guidelines for oral cleft prevention so that the intervention can be better tailored for at-risk women.

• #82 Cleft Lip and Palate: Etiology, Epidemiology, Preventive and Inte

  https://www.longdom.org/open-access/cleft-lip-and-palate-etiology-epidemiology-preventive-and-intervention-strategies-21245.html

  Cleft lip and palate represent a major public health problem due to the possible associated life-long morbidity, complex etiology, and the extensive multidisciplinary commitment required for intervention. […] Optimal and early surgical intervention is necessary and folic acid supplementation proved to be a highly efficient preventive strategy. […] Prevention should be considered the ultimate objective for OFCs. Extensive research on the exact etiology, successful implementation of prenatal vitamins and folic acid preventive strategies, together with improvements in surgical procedures, dental and orthodontic interventions, speech pathology, social and psychological support, pediatric care, and all other fields involved in the care of the child with OFC provides a hope for a better quality of care for those children.

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