Nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych
Objawy

Nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych, syntetycznych pochodnych testosteronu, prowadzi do licznych powikłań somatycznych i psychicznych. Charakterystyczne objawy fizyczne obejmują gwałtowny przyrost masy mięśniowej (~10 kg w ciągu 2-3 miesięcy), nieproporcjonalny rozwój mięśni, ciężki trądzik, rozstępy, nadmierne owłosienie lub łysienie typu męskiego, podwyższone ciśnienie tętnicze oraz uszkodzenia mięśniowo-szkieletowe, takie jak zerwania ścięgien. U mężczyzn obserwuje się ginekomastię, atrofie jąder i zaburzenia płodności, natomiast u kobiet – pogłębienie głosu, hirsutyzm, zmniejszenie piersi i zaburzenia cyklu miesiączkowego. Nadużywanie sterydów wiąże się z poważnymi powikłaniami kardiologicznymi (zawał serca, udar, przerost mięśnia sercowego), uszkodzeniem wątroby (peliosis hepatis, guzy, żółtaczka), zaburzeniami hormonalnymi oraz ryzykiem zakażeń w miejscu iniekcji (HBV, HCV, HIV). Psychopatologia obejmuje agresję, zaburzenia nastroju, psychozy, dysmorfobię mięśniową oraz uzależnienie, które dotyka około 32% użytkowników i charakteryzuje się zarówno fizyczną, jak i psychiczną zależnością.

  1. Nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych – objawy i progresja
    1. Objawy fizyczne nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych
    2. Objawy psychologiczne i behawioralne
    3. Progresja uzależnienia od sterydów anabolicznych
    4. Objawy odstawienia sterydów anabolicznych
  2. Powikłania zdrowotne związane z nadużywaniem sterydów anabolicznych
    1. Powikłania sercowo-naczyniowe
    2. Powikłania wątrobowe
    3. <a href="#powikłania-endokrynologiczne”>Powikłania endokrynologiczne
    4. Powikłania mięśniowo-szkieletowe
    5. Powikłania skórne
    6. Powikłania neurologiczne i psychiatryczne
    7. Powikłania infekcyjne
  3. Specyficzne objawy u różnych grup pacjentów
    1. Objawy u mężczyzn
    2. Objawy u kobiet
    3. Objawy u młodzieży
  4. Uzależnienie od sterydów anabolicznych
    1. Mechanizm uzależnienia
    2. Objawy uzależnienia
    3. Czynniki ryzyka uzależnienia
  5. Zespół odstawienia sterydów anabolicznych
    1. Objawy fizyczne odstawienia
    2. Objawy psychologiczne odstawienia
    3. Depresja jako najpoważniejszy objaw odstawienia
    4. Mechanizm odstawienia
  6. Współwystępowanie innych uzależnień
    1. Jednoczesne stosowanie innych substancji
    2. Współwystępujące zaburzenia psychiczne
    3. Czynniki predysponujące do rozwoju zaburzeń współwystępujących
  7. Wpływ nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych na funkcje poznawcze
    1. Zmiany strukturalne w mózgu
    2. Zaburzenia funkcji poznawczych
    3. Wpływ na układ nagrody w mózgu
  8. Różnice w objawach w zależności od czasu trwania nadużywania
    1. Objawy krótkoterminowe
    2. Objawy długoterminowe
    3. Objawy progresywne
  9. Rehabilitacja i leczenie nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych
    1. Detoksykacja
    2. Leczenie farmakologiczne
    3. Psychoterapia
    4. Leczenie współwystępujących zaburzeń
    5. Wsparcie długoterminowe
    6. Kolejne rozdziały

Nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych – objawy i progresja

Nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych to poważny problem medyczny, który może prowadzić do licznych powikłań zdrowotnych oraz uzależnienia. Sterydy anaboliczne są syntetycznymi pochodnymi testosteronu, które są przepisywane przez lekarzy w celu leczenia określonych stanów medycznych, takich jak niedobór testosteronu, wyniszczenie związane z AIDS czy opóźnione dojrzewanie u chłopców. Niestety, ze względu na ich zdolność do zwiększania masy mięśniowej i poprawy wydolności fizycznej, są one często nadużywane przez sportowców, kulturystów oraz osoby pragnące poprawić swój wygląd fizyczny12.

Objawy fizyczne nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych

Nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych prowadzi do szeregu charakterystycznych objawów fizycznych, które mogą być zauważalne zarówno przez osobę przyjmującą te substancje, jak i przez jej otoczenie. Do najczęstszych objawów fizycznych należą34:

  • Gwałtowny przyrost masy mięśniowej (około 10 kg w ciągu 2-3 miesięcy)5
  • Nieproporcjonalny rozwój mięśni (szczególnie w okolicy klatki piersiowej, szyi i ramion)6
  • Ciężki trądzik (głównie na plecach, ramionach i klatce piersiowej)7
  • Rozstępy (zwykle między bicepsami a mięśniami piersiowymi, czasem na plecach i udach)8
  • Nadmierne owłosienie ciała lub przyspieszone łysienie typu męskiego9
  • Bóle stawów10
  • Nieświeży oddech11
  • Tłusta/oleista skóra i włosy12
  • Podwyższone ciśnienie krwi13
  • Obrzęk, tkliwość lub zaczerwienienie w miejscu wstrzyknięcia14
  • Zerwania ścięgien i mięśni15

Ponadto, objawy różnią się w zależności od płci. U mężczyzn nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych może powodować1617:

U kobiet objawy mogą obejmować2223:

  • Pogłębienie głosu24
  • Zwiększone owłosienie twarzy i ciała25
  • Zmniejszenie rozmiaru piersi26
  • Powiększenie łechtaczki27
  • Problemy z cyklem miesiączkowym28

Objawy psychologiczne i behawioralne

Nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych prowadzi również do znaczących zmian w zachowaniu i stanie psychicznym. Charakterystyczne objawy psychologiczne i behawioralne obejmują2930:

  • Agresywne zachowanie (tzw. „roid rage” – szał steroidowy)31
  • Drażliwość32
  • Wahania nastroju33
  • Paranoja34
  • Zachowania maniakalne35
  • Halucynacje i urojenia36
  • Impulsywność37
  • Zmieniony popęd seksualny (zwiększony lub zmniejszony)38
  • Niepokój39
  • Dysforia40
  • Depresja41
  • Zaburzenia empatii42
  • Zazdrość43
  • Dysmorfobia mięśniowa (zaburzony obraz własnego ciała)44
  • Ataki paniki45
  • Psychoza46
  • Zmniejszona zdolność myślenia (problemy z mentalizacją)47
  • Zaburzenia snu48
  • Myśli samobójcze49
  • Próby samobójcze50
  • Przemoc51
  • Niepokój52

Progresja uzależnienia od sterydów anabolicznych

Nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych może prowadzić do uzależnienia, które różni się od typowego uzależnienia od narkotyków, takich jak opioidy czy stymulanty. Uzależnienie od sterydów anabolicznych ma charakter zarówno fizyczny, jak i psychologiczny5354.

Badania wskazują, że około 32% osób nadużywających sterydów anabolicznych rozwija zespół zależności5556. Progresja uzależnienia zazwyczaj przebiega następująco:

Faza 1: Eksperymentowanie i początek użycia

Na tym etapie osoba zaczyna używać sterydów anabolicznych, często w celu poprawy wyglądu fizycznego lub zwiększenia wydolności sportowej. Użycie jest zazwyczaj sporadyczne i kontrolowane57.

Faza 2: Rozwój tolerancji

Z czasem organizm przyzwyczaja się do obecności sterydów, co prowadzi do rozwoju tolerancji. Osoba musi przyjmować coraz większe dawki, aby osiągnąć ten sam efekt5859.

Faza 3: Zależność fizyczna i psychologiczna

Na tym etapie organizm staje się fizycznie zależny od sterydów. Przerwanie ich stosowania prowadzi do objawów odstawiennych. Jednocześnie rozwija się zależność psychologiczna, często związana z obawą przed utratą masy mięśniowej lub pogorszeniem wydolności fizycznej6061.

Faza 4: Pełne uzależnienie

W tej fazie osoba kontynuuje przyjmowanie sterydów anabolicznych mimo świadomości negatywnych konsekwencji zdrowotnych, społecznych i prawnych. Życie osoby uzależnionej zaczyna koncentrować się wokół zdobywania i przyjmowania sterydów6263.

Charakterystyczne cechy uzależnienia od sterydów anabolicznych obejmują6465:

  • Spędzanie dużej ilości czasu i pieniędzy na zdobywanie sterydów
  • Niepowodzenia w próbach ograniczenia użycia
  • Zaniedbywanie obowiązków w pracy lub w domu
  • Kontynuowanie używania sterydów pomimo występowania skutków ubocznych
  • Ciągłe problemy z rodziną i przyjaciółmi
  • Doświadczanie silnej depresji w wyniku odstawienia

Objawy odstawienia sterydów anabolicznych

Nagłe przerwanie przyjmowania sterydów anabolicznych może prowadzić do zespołu odstawienia, który obejmuje szereg objawów fizycznych i psychologicznych6667. Do najczęstszych objawów odstawienia należą:

  • Depresja i apatia68
  • Uczucie niepokoju69
  • Trudności z koncentracją70
  • Bezsenność71
  • Anoreksja (utrata apetytu)72
  • Zmniejszony popęd seksualny73
  • Skrajne zmęczenie (znużenie)74
  • Bóle głowy75
  • Bóle mięśni i stawów76
  • Niepokój ruchowy77
  • Głód steroidowy (silne pragnienie ponownego przyjęcia sterydów)78

Najpoważniejszym objawem odstawienia jest depresja, która może być intensywna i długotrwała, a w niektórych przypadkach prowadzić do myśli lub prób samobójczych7980. Jest to szczególnie niebezpieczne, gdyż może skłaniać osobę do powrotu do używania sterydów anabolicznych, aby złagodzić objawy odstawienia81.

Powikłania zdrowotne związane z nadużywaniem sterydów anabolicznych

Długotrwałe nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych może prowadzić do szeregu poważnych powikłań zdrowotnych, które mogą być nieodwracalne, a w niektórych przypadkach nawet zagrażające życiu8283.

Powikłania sercowo-naczyniowe

Nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych może prowadzić do poważnych problemów z układem sercowo-naczyniowym, które stanowią główną przyczynę nagłych i przedwczesnych zgonów wśród osób nadużywających tych substancji8485:

  • Podwyższone ciśnienie krwi86
  • Zakrzepy krwi87
  • Problemy z sercem, w tym zawał serca88
  • Udar mózgu89
  • Przerost mięśnia sercowego90
  • Zaburzenia rytmu serca91
  • Niewydolność serca92
  • Zmiany w poziomie cholesterolu (wzrost LDL, spadek HDL)93

Powikłania wątrobowe

Sterydy anaboliczne, szczególnie przyjmowane doustnie, mogą powodować poważne uszkodzenia wątroby94:

  • Uszkodzenie wątroby95
  • Guzy wątroby96
  • Peliosis hepatis (torbiele wypełnione krwią w wątrobie)97
  • Żółtaczka98

endokrynologiczne”>Powikłania endokrynologiczne

Nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych prowadzi do zaburzenia równowagi hormonalnej, co może mieć długotrwałe konsekwencje99100:

  • Zahamowanie produkcji endogennego testosteronu101
  • Hipogonadyzm (zmniejszona aktywność gruczołów płciowych)102
  • Zaburzenia płodności103
  • Zmiany w drugorzędowych cechach płciowych104

Powikłania mięśniowo-szkieletowe

Nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych może również prowadzić do problemów z układem mięśniowo-szkieletowym105:

  • Zerwania ścięgien106
  • Uszkodzenia nerwów wynikające z wstrzykiwania sterydów107
  • U młodzieży – przedwczesne zamknięcie chrząstek wzrostowych, co prowadzi do zahamowania wzrostu108

Powikłania skórne

Zmiany skórne są często jednymi z pierwszych widocznych objawów nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych109:

  • Ciężki trądzik, który może prowadzić do bliznowacenia110
  • Tłusta skóra111
  • Rozstępy112

Powikłania neurologiczne i psychiatryczne

Długotrwałe nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych może prowadzić do poważnych zaburzeń psychicznych113114:

Powikłania infekcyjne

Osoby przyjmujące sterydy anaboliczne drogą iniekcji narażone są na ryzyko zakażeń121:

  • Zakażenia w miejscu wstrzyknięcia122
  • Zwiększone ryzyko zakażenia wirusem zapalenia wątroby typu B i C123
  • HIV124
  • Tężec125
  • Zapalenie wsierdzia (infekcja wyściółki serca)126

Specyficzne objawy u różnych grup pacjentów

Objawy nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych mogą różnić się w zależności od płci, wieku i indywidualnych cech pacjenta127.

Objawy u mężczyzn

U mężczyzn nadużywających sterydów anabolicznych mogą wystąpić następujące objawy128129:

  • Zmniejszenie produkcji plemników130
  • Zmniejszenie rozmiaru jąder131
  • Powiększenie piersi (ginekomastia)132
  • Zwiększone ryzyko raka jąder133
  • Zaburzenia erekcji134
  • Niepłodność135
  • Łysienie typu męskiego136

Objawy u kobiet

U kobiet nadużywających sterydów anabolicznych mogą wystąpić następujące objawy137138:

  • Pogłębienie głosu139
  • Zmniejszenie rozmiaru piersi140
  • Łysienie typu męskiego141
  • Powiększenie łechtaczki142
  • Zwiększone owłosienie twarzy i ciała143
  • Szorstka skóra144
  • Zaburzenia cyklu miesiączkowego lub jego całkowite ustanie145

Objawy u młodzieży

U młodzieży, która nie przeszła jeszcze skoku wzrostowego związanego z pokwitaniem, nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych może prowadzić do146147:

  • Przyspieszonego dojrzewania kości, co powoduje przedwczesne starzenie się kości148
  • Zahamowania wzrostu149
  • Niskiego wzrostu150
  • Przedwczesnego rozwoju płciowego i seksualnego (tylko u chłopców)151
  • Ciężkiego trądziku152

Uzależnienie od sterydów anabolicznych

Sterydy anaboliczne mogą prowadzić do uzależnienia, choć mechanizm tego uzależnienia różni się od klasycznych substancji uzależniających153154.

Mechanizm uzależnienia

Uzależnienie od sterydów anabolicznych ma charakter zarówno fizyczny, jak i psychologiczny155156:

  • Uzależnienie fizyczne rozwija się, gdy organizm przyzwyczaja się do obecności sterydów i wymaga ich, aby funkcjonować prawidłowo157
  • Uzależnienie psychologiczne jest związane z obawą przed utratą masy mięśniowej, siły fizycznej lub poprawy wydolności, a także z zaburzeniami obrazu ciała, takimi jak dysmorfobia mięśniowa158

W przeciwieństwie do typowych substancji uzależniających, sterydy anaboliczne nie wywołują euforii czy haju, ale uzależnienie rozwija się poprzez dążenie do utrzymania lub zwiększenia efektów fizycznych159.

Objawy uzależnienia

Objawy uzależnienia od sterydów anabolicznych obejmują160161:

  • Głód steroidowy (silne pragnienie przyjęcia sterydów)162
  • Tolerancję (potrzeba przyjmowania coraz większych dawek, aby osiągnąć ten sam efekt)163
  • Objawy odstawienia po przerwaniu przyjmowania sterydów164
  • Kontynuowanie przyjmowania sterydów pomimo świadomości negatywnych konsekwencji zdrowotnych165
  • Spędzanie dużej ilości czasu i pieniędzy na zdobywanie sterydów166
  • Zaniedbywanie obowiązków zawodowych, rodzinnych lub społecznych167
  • Obsesję na punkcie obrazu ciała i masy mięśniowej168

Czynniki ryzyka uzależnienia

Nie każda osoba przyjmująca sterydy anaboliczne uzależni się od nich. Czynniki zwiększające ryzyko rozwoju uzależnienia obejmują169170:

  • Problemy ze zdrowiem psychicznym, takie jak depresja, lęk lub zaburzenia obrazu ciała171
  • Dysmorfię mięśniową (bigoreksję) – zaburzenie, w którym osoba postrzega swoje ciało jako za małe lub niewystarczająco umięśnione172
  • Historię nadużywania innych substancji173
  • Intensywne zaangażowanie w kulturystykę lub sporty siłowe174
  • Przeszłość związaną z wykorzystywaniem seksualnym175

Zespół odstawienia sterydów anabolicznych

Nagłe przerwanie przyjmowania sterydów anabolicznych może prowadzić do zespołu odstawienia, który może być trudny do przezwyciężenia i często prowadzi do powrotu do używania sterydów176177.

Objawy fizyczne odstawienia

Fizyczne objawy odstawienia sterydów anabolicznych obejmują178179:

  • Skrajne zmęczenie180
  • Bóle mięśni i stawów181
  • Bóle głowy182
  • Bezsenność183
  • Anoreksja (utrata apetytu)184
  • Nudności i wymioty185
  • Osłabienie186

Objawy psychologiczne odstawienia

Psychologiczne objawy odstawienia sterydów anabolicznych obejmują187188:

  • Depresję i apatię189
  • Niepokój190
  • Trudności z koncentracją191
  • Zmniejszony popęd seksualny192
  • Wahania nastroju193
  • Niepokój ruchowy194
  • Głód steroidowy195
  • Drażliwość196
  • Trudności z koncentracją197

Depresja jako najpoważniejszy objaw odstawienia

Depresja jest uważana za najpoważniejszy objaw odstawienia sterydów anabolicznych, ponieważ może być intensywna i długotrwała, a w niektórych przypadkach prowadzić do myśli lub prób samobójczych198199.

Badania wskazują, że depresja związana z odstawieniem sterydów anabolicznych może utrzymywać się przez rok lub dłużej po zaprzestaniu przyjmowania tych substancji, jeśli nie jest leczona200.

Mechanizm odstawienia

Objawy odstawienia sterydów anabolicznych wynikają z kilku mechanizmów201202:

  • Zahamowanie naturalnej produkcji testosteronu – długotrwałe przyjmowanie sterydów anabolicznych prowadzi do zahamowania produkcji endogennego testosteronu przez organizm. Po przerwaniu przyjmowania sterydów organizm potrzebuje czasu, aby wznowić produkcję własnego testosteronu, co może trwać od kilku tygodni do kilku miesięcy203
  • Hipogonadyzm – objawy takie jak dysfunkcja seksualna, zmęczenie, niepokój i depresja mogą wynikać z hipogonadyzmu (zmniejszonej aktywności gruczołów płciowych) spowodowanego odstawieniem sterydów204
  • Efekt odbicia estrogenu – między cyklami steroidowymi może rozwinąć się tzw. efekt odbicia estrogenu, który polega na produkcji i uwalnianiu żeńskiego hormonu estrogenu na szybkim, podwyższonym poziomie. Skutkami ubocznymi efektu odbicia estrogenu są objawy depresji205

Warto zauważyć, że często trudno jest odróżnić objawy wynikające z neurochemicznego odbicia podczas odstawienia od objawów o podłożu psychologicznym. Obserwowanie, jak traci się masę mięśniową, siłę, wydolność i pewność siebie po zaprzestaniu przyjmowania sterydów, ma silny negatywny wpływ na nastrój, co może prowadzić do silnego pragnienia ponownego przyjęcia sterydów206.

Współwystępowanie innych uzależnień

Nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych często współwystępuje z innymi uzależnieniami i zaburzeniami psychicznymi207208.

Jednoczesne stosowanie innych substancji

Osoby nadużywające sterydów anabolicznych często jednocześnie stosują inne substancje209:

  • Inne leki w celu zminimalizowania niepożądanych efektów sterydów lub zamaskowania ich użycia210
  • Substancje psychoaktywne, takie jak kokaina, narkotyki iniekcyjne i marihuana211
  • Alkohol212

Współwystępujące zaburzenia psychiczne

U osób nadużywających sterydów anabolicznych często występują również zaburzenia psychiczne213:

  • Dysmorfobia mięśniowa (bigoreksja) – zaburzenie, w którym osoba postrzega swoje ciało jako za małe lub niewystarczająco umięśnione214
  • Depresja215
  • Zaburzenia lękowe216
  • Zaburzenia obrazu ciała217

Badania wskazują, że osoby z dysmorfobią mięśniową mają zwiększone ryzyko nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych i rozwoju uzależnienia218.

Czynniki predysponujące do rozwoju zaburzeń współwystępujących

Istnieje kilka czynników, które mogą predysponować osoby nadużywające sterydów anabolicznych do rozwoju innych uzależnień i zaburzeń psychicznych219:

  • Cechy psychopatyczne220
  • Skłonność do zachowań ryzykownych221
  • Problemy z kontrolą gniewu222
  • Impulsywność223

Badania wykazały, że osoby z historią nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych mają ponad dwukrotnie większe szanse na wykazywanie cech psychopatycznych, ponad trzykrotnie większe szanse na angażowanie się w ryzykowne zachowania związane z używaniem substancji i prawie dwukrotnie większe szanse na doświadczanie problemów z gniewem w porównaniu do osób, które nigdy nie używały sterydów224.

Wpływ nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych na funkcje poznawcze

Długotrwałe nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych może prowadzić do zaburzeń funkcji poznawczych i zmian strukturalnych w mózgu225226.

Zmiany strukturalne w mózgu

Badania sugerują, że długotrwałe stosowanie sterydów anabolicznych może prowadzić do zmian strukturalnych w mózgu227228:

  • Zmniejszenie objętości mózgu229
  • Zmniejszenie grubości kory mózgowej230

Te zmiany strukturalne mogą mieć wpływ na funkcjonowanie poznawcze i emocjonalne231.

Zaburzenia funkcji poznawczych

Nadużywanie sterydów anabolicznych może prowadzić do różnych zaburzeń funkcji poznawczych232233:

  • Zaburzenia pamięci234
  • Trudności z koncentracją235
  • Zaburzenia zdolności rozpoznawania emocji u innych, szczególnie strachu, co prowadzi do zmniejszenia empatii236
  • Pogorszenie procesów decyzyjnych237

Badania z 2021 roku wskazują, że stosowanie wysokich dawek sterydów anabolicznych jest związane z nieprawidłowościami mózgowymi i poznawczymi, a długotrwałe stosowanie wysokich dawek może negatywnie wpływać na starzenie się mózgu238.

Wpływ na układ nagrody w mózgu

Sterydy anaboliczne mogą wpływać na układ nagrody w mózgu, co jest charakterystyczne dla innych substancji uzależniających239:

  • Badania sugerują, że sterydy anaboliczne mają właściwości psychologicznie i fizjologicznie uzależniające240
  • Psychologicznie, użytkownicy sterydów mogą uzależnić się od uwagi, którą otrzymują po wygraniu zawodów lub otrzymaniu uznania społecznego za utratę wagi lub masę mięśniową241
  • Fizjologicznie, systemy przyjemności i nagrody w mózgu mogą dostosować się do sterydów, powodując, że użytkownicy odczuwają przyjemność z leku i pragną go242

Zmiany w tych systemach są charakterystyczne dla alkoholu i innych uzależniających leków, w tym kokainy i metamfetaminy243.

Różnice w objawach w zależności od czasu trwania nadużywania

Objawy nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych mogą różnić się w zależności od czasu trwania nadużywania244245.

Objawy krótkoterminowe

Krótkoterminowe objawy nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych obejmują246247:

  • Zatrzymanie wody i obrzęki248
  • Zmęczenie249
  • Problemy ze snem250
  • Uczucie drażliwości251
  • Wahania nastroju lub agresja252
  • Zmiany w popędzie seksualnym253
  • Łysienie typu męskiego (zarówno u mężczyzn, jak i u kobiet)254
  • Trądzik255
  • Zwiększony apetyt256

Objawy długoterminowe

Długoterminowe objawy nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych obejmują257258:

  • Uszkodzenie wątroby259
  • Wysokie ciśnienie krwi260
  • Wysoki poziom cholesterolu261
  • Zawał serca i udar262
  • Rak nerki lub prostaty263
  • Depresja264
  • Zahamowany wzrost265
  • Przedwczesne starzenie się kości i skóry266
  • Uzależnienie i zespół odstawienia267

Większość efektów stosowania sterydów anabolicznych jest odwracalna po zaprzestaniu przyjmowania tych substancji, ale niektóre mogą być trwałe268. Częstość występowania zagrażających życiu efektów nadużywania sterydów wydaje się być bardzo niska na podstawie opisów przypadków, ale poważne skutki uboczne mogą być niedostatecznie zgłaszane i niedostatecznie rozpoznawane, ponieważ czasami pojawiają się dopiero po latach269.

Objawy progresywne

Niektóre objawy nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych mogą się pogłębiać wraz z czasem trwania nadużywania270:

  • Tolerancja na sterydy – potrzeba przyjmowania coraz większych dawek, aby osiągnąć ten sam efekt271
  • Nasilenie objawów odstawienia272
  • Pogłębienie zmian w wyglądzie fizycznym273
  • Nasilenie problemów zdrowotnych274

Według badania Kanayama i współpracowników z 2010 roku, osoby przyjmujące sterydy rozwijają tolerancję na te leki i doświadczają objawów odstawienia, takich jak niski popęd seksualny, utrata apetytu, wahania nastroju, zmęczenie, bezsenność i depresja, gdy przestają je przyjmować. Te efekty pogarszają się z czasem wraz z kontynuacją stosowania sterydów275.

Rehabilitacja i leczenie nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych

Leczenie nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych i uzależnienia od nich wymaga kompleksowego podejścia, które uwzględnia zarówno fizyczne, jak i psychologiczne aspekty problemu276277.

Detoksykacja

Pierwszym krokiem w leczeniu nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych jest detoksykacja, czyli proces usuwania tych substancji z organizmu278. Z uwagi na ryzyko poważnych objawów odstawienia, detoksykacja powinna odbywać się pod nadzorem medycznym279.

Cele leczenia podczas detoksykacji obejmują280:

  • Przywrócenie funkcjonowania osi podwzgórze-przysadka-gonady
  • Złagodzenie objawów odstawienia
  • Zapewnienie komfortu i bezpieczeństwa pacjenta
  • Rozwiązanie wszelkich powikłań
  • Osiągnięcie stabilnego medycznie stanu wolnego od narkotyków

Leczenie farmakologiczne

W leczeniu nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych stosuje się różne leki, które mają na celu złagodzenie objawów odstawienia i przywrócenie równowagi hormonalnej281282:

  • Leki antyandrogenne – mogą być stosowane do przywrócenia naturalnej produkcji testosteronu przez organizm283
  • Antydepresanty, takie jak Zoloft, Lexapro lub Paxil – stosowane w leczeniu depresji i lęku związanych z odstawieniem sterydów284
  • Klonidyna i niesteroidowe leki przeciwzapalne – stosowane objawowo285
  • Terapia hormonem gonadotropiny kosmówkowej (hCG) – może pomóc odwrócić niektóre skutki sterydów, stymulując organizm do produkcji większej ilości testosteronu i poprawiając produkcję plemników286

Psychoterapia

Psychoterapia jest ważnym elementem leczenia nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych, szczególnie w przypadku współwystępujących zaburzeń psychicznych287288:

  • Terapia poznawczo-behawioralna (CBT) – pomaga zidentyfikować i zmienić wzorce myślenia i zachowania, które przyczyniają się do nadużywania sterydów289
  • Terapia motywacyjna – pomaga zwiększyć motywację do zaprzestania używania sterydów290
  • Psychoterapia dla dysmorfii mięśniowej – pomaga w leczeniu zaburzeń obrazu ciała, które często towarzyszą nadużywaniu sterydów291

Leczenie współwystępujących zaburzeń

W przypadku współwystępowania innych uzależnień lub zaburzeń psychicznych, konieczne jest ich jednoczesne leczenie292:

  • Psychoterapie i farmakoterapie dla pacjentów, którzy są również uzależnieni od opioidów, co jest częste wśród użytkowników sterydów anabolicznych293
  • Leczenie depresji, lęku i innych zaburzeń psychicznych294

Wsparcie długoterminowe

Po zakończeniu detoksykacji i początkowego leczenia, ważne jest zapewnienie długoterminowego wsparcia, które pomoże w utrzymaniu abstynencji i zapobiegnie nawrotom295296:

  • Ciągłe monitorowanie i zachęcanie pacjenta297
  • Monitorowanie powikłań psychiatrycznych i fizjologicznych298
  • Grupy wsparcia299
  • Edukacja na temat zdrowego stylu życia i alternatywnych sposobów osiągania celów związanych z kondycją fizyczną300

Należy podkreślić, że leczenie nadużywania sterydów anabolicznych powinno być dostosowane do indywidualnych potrzeb pacjenta i może wymagać współpracy różnych specjalistów, takich jak lekarz rodzinny, specjalista od uzależnień, psychiatra i endokrynolog301.

Kolejne rozdziały

Zapraszamy do dalszego czytania naszego leksykonu.

Wybierz kolejny rozdział z menu poniżej, aby otworzyć nową podstronę kompedium wiedzy i uzyskać szczegółowe informację o leku, substancji lub chorobie.

  1. 15.04.2026
  2. www.leksykon.com.pl

Materiały źródłowe

  • #1 Anabolic Steroids: What They Are, Uses, Side Effects & Risks
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/5521-anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroid misuse is common. Misusing anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health. Anabolic steroid misuse is often associated with a form of body dysmorphic disorder called muscle dysmorphia. The main reason people misuse anabolic steroids is to increase lean muscle mass when using them in conjunction with weight training. Misuse of anabolic steroids can cause a variety of side effects ranging from mild to harmful or even life-threatening. Most side effects are reversible if you stop taking the drugs, but others may be permanent. Nonprescription doses are often 10 to 100 times higher than the doses healthcare providers prescribe to treat medical conditions. This is why the side effects are usually more severe than the side effects of prescribed anabolic steroid use. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse for anyone include: High blood pressure. Blood clots. Heart issues, including heart attack. Stroke. Liver damage. Short stature (if you’re an adolescent). Severe acne and cysts. Male-pattern baldness. Aggression. Mania. Delusions. Major depressive disorder. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in men include: Decreased sperm production. Enlarged breasts. Decrease in testicle size. Increased risk of testicular cancer. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in women include: Voice deepening. Decreased breast size. Excessive body hair growth. Misuse of anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health.
  • #2 Anabolic Steroids and Other Appearance and Performance Enhancing Drugs (APEDs) | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
    https://nida.nih.gov/research-topics/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids can cause severe, long-lasting, and in some cases, irreversible damage. They can lead to early heart attacks, strokes, liver tumors, kidney failure, and psychiatric problems. In addition, stopping steroid use can cause depression, often leading to resumption of use. […] A variety of side effects can occur when anabolic steroids are misused, ranging from mild effects to ones that are harmful or even life-threatening. Most are reversible if the user stops taking the drugs. However, others may be permanent or semi-permanent. […] Steroid use has been associated with high blood pressure; decreased function of the hearts ventricles; and cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks, artery damage, and strokes, even in athletes younger than 30. […] Anabolic steroid users are more likely than nonusers to report anxiety. Moderate to high doses of anabolic steroids are also associated with major mood disorders such as mania, hypomania, and major depression.
  • #3 Anabolic steroids | Better Health Channel
    https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/steroids
    People who misuse anabolic steroids may include athletes, bodybuilders and people who feel they need to look muscular to feel good about themselves. […] The misuse of anabolic steroids can cause long-term side effects. These can include cardiovascular complications, liver disease, reproductive organ damage and severe mood swings. […] The effects of anabolic steroid use can differ from person to person. Some people may experience: fluid retention (also called water retention or oedema), difficulty sleeping, damage to nerves from injecting steroids, irritability, mood swings, aggression or depression, increased sex drive (libido), skin changes acne that results in scarring, more colds. […] Anabolic steroids can produce many unpleasant and often permanent side effects, including: damage to the gonads (testicles or ovaries), liver disease, malfunctions of the kidneys, liver or heart, 'roid rage’, which is characterised by uncontrollable outbursts of psychotic aggression, paranoia and mood swings, including deep depression, severe acne, which can cause scarring, high blood cholesterol levels, high blood pressure (hypertension), injuries to tendons that can’t keep up with the increased muscle strength, delusional feelings of being superhuman or invincible, trembling and muscle tremors, nerve damage from needle use this may lead to conditions such as sciatica, unsafe needle use can increased the risk of contracting infections such as hepatitis B and C, HIV and tetanus. […] Withdrawal symptoms from steroids can include: fatigue, weight loss due to lowered appetite, decreased strength, depression.
  • #4 Anabolic Steroids: MedlinePlus
    https://medlineplus.gov/anabolicsteroids.html
    Misuse of anabolic steroids, especially over a long period of time, has been linked to many health problems, including: […] In men, it can also cause: […] In women, it can also cause: […] Even though they don’t cause a high, anabolic steroids can be addictive. You can have withdrawal symptoms if you stop using them, including:
  • #5 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    Steroid misuse usually involves off-label prescription of pharmaceutical products and use of normal clinical dosing, whereas steroid abuse often involves illicitly sourced products of questionable quality taken at excessively high doses and in combination with other substances. […] There is no evidence that steroid misuse is safe and evidence of limited benefits is only available for men aged over 65 years with health problems. […] Physical signs of steroid abuse in males: Rapid weight gain (approx. 10 kg in two to three months). […] Muscular physique (disproportionate muscle growth around chest, neck and shoulders). […] Severe acne (mainly on the back, shoulders and chest). […] Stretch marks (usually between biceps and pectoral muscles, possibly back and thighs). […] Excess body hair and/or accelerated baldness.
  • #6 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    Steroid misuse usually involves off-label prescription of pharmaceutical products and use of normal clinical dosing, whereas steroid abuse often involves illicitly sourced products of questionable quality taken at excessively high doses and in combination with other substances. […] There is no evidence that steroid misuse is safe and evidence of limited benefits is only available for men aged over 65 years with health problems. […] Physical signs of steroid abuse in males: Rapid weight gain (approx. 10 kg in two to three months). […] Muscular physique (disproportionate muscle growth around chest, neck and shoulders). […] Severe acne (mainly on the back, shoulders and chest). […] Stretch marks (usually between biceps and pectoral muscles, possibly back and thighs). […] Excess body hair and/or accelerated baldness.
  • #7 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    Joint pains […] Bad breath […] Hair loss […] Acne […] Appetite changes […] Greasy/oily skin and hair […] Breast growth […] Cardiac problems […] Liver problems […] Sexual dysfunction […] Low testosterone count […] Low sperm count […] Shrunken testicles […] Period issues […] Swelling of the clitoris. […] Behavioural Symptoms […] Irritable […] Aggressive […] Poor decision making […] Extreme mood swings. […] Continued steroid abuse ultimately results in a dependency for the drug and creates a steroid use disorder. Steroid addicts differ from the typical drug user: a steroid addict is not addicted to the drug itself, instead they are addicted to the physical results the drug can achieve.
  • #8 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    Steroid misuse usually involves off-label prescription of pharmaceutical products and use of normal clinical dosing, whereas steroid abuse often involves illicitly sourced products of questionable quality taken at excessively high doses and in combination with other substances. […] There is no evidence that steroid misuse is safe and evidence of limited benefits is only available for men aged over 65 years with health problems. […] Physical signs of steroid abuse in males: Rapid weight gain (approx. 10 kg in two to three months). […] Muscular physique (disproportionate muscle growth around chest, neck and shoulders). […] Severe acne (mainly on the back, shoulders and chest). […] Stretch marks (usually between biceps and pectoral muscles, possibly back and thighs). […] Excess body hair and/or accelerated baldness.
  • #9 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    Joint pains […] Bad breath […] Hair loss […] Acne […] Appetite changes […] Greasy/oily skin and hair […] Breast growth […] Cardiac problems […] Liver problems […] Sexual dysfunction […] Low testosterone count […] Low sperm count […] Shrunken testicles […] Period issues […] Swelling of the clitoris. […] Behavioural Symptoms […] Irritable […] Aggressive […] Poor decision making […] Extreme mood swings. […] Continued steroid abuse ultimately results in a dependency for the drug and creates a steroid use disorder. Steroid addicts differ from the typical drug user: a steroid addict is not addicted to the drug itself, instead they are addicted to the physical results the drug can achieve.
  • #10 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    Joint pains […] Bad breath […] Hair loss […] Acne […] Appetite changes […] Greasy/oily skin and hair […] Breast growth […] Cardiac problems […] Liver problems […] Sexual dysfunction […] Low testosterone count […] Low sperm count […] Shrunken testicles […] Period issues […] Swelling of the clitoris. […] Behavioural Symptoms […] Irritable […] Aggressive […] Poor decision making […] Extreme mood swings. […] Continued steroid abuse ultimately results in a dependency for the drug and creates a steroid use disorder. Steroid addicts differ from the typical drug user: a steroid addict is not addicted to the drug itself, instead they are addicted to the physical results the drug can achieve.
  • #11 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    Joint pains […] Bad breath […] Hair loss […] Acne […] Appetite changes […] Greasy/oily skin and hair […] Breast growth […] Cardiac problems […] Liver problems […] Sexual dysfunction […] Low testosterone count […] Low sperm count […] Shrunken testicles […] Period issues […] Swelling of the clitoris. […] Behavioural Symptoms […] Irritable […] Aggressive […] Poor decision making […] Extreme mood swings. […] Continued steroid abuse ultimately results in a dependency for the drug and creates a steroid use disorder. Steroid addicts differ from the typical drug user: a steroid addict is not addicted to the drug itself, instead they are addicted to the physical results the drug can achieve.
  • #12 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    Joint pains […] Bad breath […] Hair loss […] Acne […] Appetite changes […] Greasy/oily skin and hair […] Breast growth […] Cardiac problems […] Liver problems […] Sexual dysfunction […] Low testosterone count […] Low sperm count […] Shrunken testicles […] Period issues […] Swelling of the clitoris. […] Behavioural Symptoms […] Irritable […] Aggressive […] Poor decision making […] Extreme mood swings. […] Continued steroid abuse ultimately results in a dependency for the drug and creates a steroid use disorder. Steroid addicts differ from the typical drug user: a steroid addict is not addicted to the drug itself, instead they are addicted to the physical results the drug can achieve.
  • #13 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #14 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #15 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #16 Anabolic Steroids Symptoms and Warning Signs
    https://www.addictioncenter.com/stimulants/steroids/symptoms-signs/
    Steroids cause hormonal imbalances in the body that can lead to physical changes. Men can develop breasts and shrunken testicles. In women, sexual organs can enlarge and their voices often deepen. […] Drastic mood swings and roid rage are common red flags of prolonged steroid misuse. Steroid abuse can also result in dramatic personality changes over time. […] Other common side effects and signs of anabolic steroid abuse include: Acne, Rapid muscle/weight gain, Enlarged breasts (in men), Paranoia, Hyperactivity, Facial hair growth (in women). […] Many who abuse anabolic steroids will use them in cycles. They go on and off anabolic steroids to try to avoid negative side effects from the drugs. Despite these off cycles, there are still long-term risks from taking steroids. […] Possible side effects of anabolic steroids include: Vomiting blood, Yellow eyes and skin, Nausea, Nerve damage, Abdominal pain, Baldness, Increased cancer risk, Insomnia, Blood clots, High cholesterol, Severe acne, Oily skin, Hair loss, Liver disease, tumors, and cysts, Menstrual irregularities in women, Heart disease and attacks, Stroke, Kidney disease, Mood-swings, Irritability and aggression, Depression and suicidal thoughts, Altered cholesterol levels, High blood pressure, Gynecomastia (male breast enlargement), Infertility, Shrinking of testicles, Excess facial or body hair (hirsutism), Deeper voice in women, Stunted growth and height in teenagers, Viral or bacterial infections from injections.
  • #17 Anabolic Steroids: What They Are, Uses, Side Effects & Risks
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/5521-anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroid misuse is common. Misusing anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health. Anabolic steroid misuse is often associated with a form of body dysmorphic disorder called muscle dysmorphia. The main reason people misuse anabolic steroids is to increase lean muscle mass when using them in conjunction with weight training. Misuse of anabolic steroids can cause a variety of side effects ranging from mild to harmful or even life-threatening. Most side effects are reversible if you stop taking the drugs, but others may be permanent. Nonprescription doses are often 10 to 100 times higher than the doses healthcare providers prescribe to treat medical conditions. This is why the side effects are usually more severe than the side effects of prescribed anabolic steroid use. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse for anyone include: High blood pressure. Blood clots. Heart issues, including heart attack. Stroke. Liver damage. Short stature (if you’re an adolescent). Severe acne and cysts. Male-pattern baldness. Aggression. Mania. Delusions. Major depressive disorder. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in men include: Decreased sperm production. Enlarged breasts. Decrease in testicle size. Increased risk of testicular cancer. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in women include: Voice deepening. Decreased breast size. Excessive body hair growth. Misuse of anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health.
  • #18 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    Joint pains […] Bad breath […] Hair loss […] Acne […] Appetite changes […] Greasy/oily skin and hair […] Breast growth […] Cardiac problems […] Liver problems […] Sexual dysfunction […] Low testosterone count […] Low sperm count […] Shrunken testicles […] Period issues […] Swelling of the clitoris. […] Behavioural Symptoms […] Irritable […] Aggressive […] Poor decision making […] Extreme mood swings. […] Continued steroid abuse ultimately results in a dependency for the drug and creates a steroid use disorder. Steroid addicts differ from the typical drug user: a steroid addict is not addicted to the drug itself, instead they are addicted to the physical results the drug can achieve.
  • #19 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #20 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #21 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    Joint pains […] Bad breath […] Hair loss […] Acne […] Appetite changes […] Greasy/oily skin and hair […] Breast growth […] Cardiac problems […] Liver problems […] Sexual dysfunction […] Low testosterone count […] Low sperm count […] Shrunken testicles […] Period issues […] Swelling of the clitoris. […] Behavioural Symptoms […] Irritable […] Aggressive […] Poor decision making […] Extreme mood swings. […] Continued steroid abuse ultimately results in a dependency for the drug and creates a steroid use disorder. Steroid addicts differ from the typical drug user: a steroid addict is not addicted to the drug itself, instead they are addicted to the physical results the drug can achieve.
  • #22 Anabolic Steroids Symptoms and Warning Signs
    https://www.addictioncenter.com/stimulants/steroids/symptoms-signs/
    Steroids cause hormonal imbalances in the body that can lead to physical changes. Men can develop breasts and shrunken testicles. In women, sexual organs can enlarge and their voices often deepen. […] Drastic mood swings and roid rage are common red flags of prolonged steroid misuse. Steroid abuse can also result in dramatic personality changes over time. […] Other common side effects and signs of anabolic steroid abuse include: Acne, Rapid muscle/weight gain, Enlarged breasts (in men), Paranoia, Hyperactivity, Facial hair growth (in women). […] Many who abuse anabolic steroids will use them in cycles. They go on and off anabolic steroids to try to avoid negative side effects from the drugs. Despite these off cycles, there are still long-term risks from taking steroids. […] Possible side effects of anabolic steroids include: Vomiting blood, Yellow eyes and skin, Nausea, Nerve damage, Abdominal pain, Baldness, Increased cancer risk, Insomnia, Blood clots, High cholesterol, Severe acne, Oily skin, Hair loss, Liver disease, tumors, and cysts, Menstrual irregularities in women, Heart disease and attacks, Stroke, Kidney disease, Mood-swings, Irritability and aggression, Depression and suicidal thoughts, Altered cholesterol levels, High blood pressure, Gynecomastia (male breast enlargement), Infertility, Shrinking of testicles, Excess facial or body hair (hirsutism), Deeper voice in women, Stunted growth and height in teenagers, Viral or bacterial infections from injections.
  • #23 Anabolic steroids: Types, uses, and risks
    https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/246373
    Long term, non-medical uses are linked to heart problems, unwanted physical changes, and aggression. […] The adverse effects of AAS use depend on the product, the persons age and sex, how much they use, and for how long. […] Incorrect use of steroids can lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular problems, heart attack and sudden cardiac death, liver problems, including tumors and other types of damage, tendon rupture, due to the degeneration of collagen, osteoporosis and bone loss, as steroid use affects the metabolism of calcium and vitamin D. […] In adolescents, it can result in permanently stunted growth. […] In males, there may be shrinking testicles, sterility, enlarged breasts. […] Females may experience changes to the menstrual cycle, deepening of the voice, lengthening of the clitoris, increased facial and body hair, shrinking breasts, increased sex drive.
  • #24 Steroid Addiction: Signs, Symptoms, Effects and Treatment
    https://hopeharborwellness.com/steroid-addiction-treatment/
    Psychological Effects: Increased aggression and irritability, Manic behaviors, Delusional thoughts, Proneness to violent outbursts, Co-occurring alcohol use disorder, Depression. […] Recognizing these side effects can be crucial for identifying steroid misuse in a loved one. If you notice any of these changes, it may be a sign of anabolic steroid abuse. Early intervention is key to preventing more severe health consequences and addressing any underlying issues, including substance abuse disorders.
  • #25 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    Joint pains […] Bad breath […] Hair loss […] Acne […] Appetite changes […] Greasy/oily skin and hair […] Breast growth […] Cardiac problems […] Liver problems […] Sexual dysfunction […] Low testosterone count […] Low sperm count […] Shrunken testicles […] Period issues […] Swelling of the clitoris. […] Behavioural Symptoms […] Irritable […] Aggressive […] Poor decision making […] Extreme mood swings. […] Continued steroid abuse ultimately results in a dependency for the drug and creates a steroid use disorder. Steroid addicts differ from the typical drug user: a steroid addict is not addicted to the drug itself, instead they are addicted to the physical results the drug can achieve.
  • #26 Anabolic steroids | Better Health Channel
    https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/steroids
    People who misuse anabolic steroids may include athletes, bodybuilders and people who feel they need to look muscular to feel good about themselves. […] The misuse of anabolic steroids can cause long-term side effects. These can include cardiovascular complications, liver disease, reproductive organ damage and severe mood swings. […] The effects of anabolic steroid use can differ from person to person. Some people may experience: fluid retention (also called water retention or oedema), difficulty sleeping, damage to nerves from injecting steroids, irritability, mood swings, aggression or depression, increased sex drive (libido), skin changes acne that results in scarring, more colds. […] Anabolic steroids can produce many unpleasant and often permanent side effects, including: damage to the gonads (testicles or ovaries), liver disease, malfunctions of the kidneys, liver or heart, 'roid rage’, which is characterised by uncontrollable outbursts of psychotic aggression, paranoia and mood swings, including deep depression, severe acne, which can cause scarring, high blood cholesterol levels, high blood pressure (hypertension), injuries to tendons that can’t keep up with the increased muscle strength, delusional feelings of being superhuman or invincible, trembling and muscle tremors, nerve damage from needle use this may lead to conditions such as sciatica, unsafe needle use can increased the risk of contracting infections such as hepatitis B and C, HIV and tetanus. […] Withdrawal symptoms from steroids can include: fatigue, weight loss due to lowered appetite, decreased strength, depression.
  • #27 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    Joint pains […] Bad breath […] Hair loss […] Acne […] Appetite changes […] Greasy/oily skin and hair […] Breast growth […] Cardiac problems […] Liver problems […] Sexual dysfunction […] Low testosterone count […] Low sperm count […] Shrunken testicles […] Period issues […] Swelling of the clitoris. […] Behavioural Symptoms […] Irritable […] Aggressive […] Poor decision making […] Extreme mood swings. […] Continued steroid abuse ultimately results in a dependency for the drug and creates a steroid use disorder. Steroid addicts differ from the typical drug user: a steroid addict is not addicted to the drug itself, instead they are addicted to the physical results the drug can achieve.
  • #28 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #29 Anabolic steroid misuse
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anabolic-steroid-misuse/
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects and addiction. […] Regularly taking anabolic steroids can lead to physical and psychological changes in both men and women, as well as potentially dangerous medical conditions. […] Misusing anabolic steroids can also cause the following psychological or emotional effects: aggressive behaviour, mood swings, paranoia, manic behaviour, hallucinations and delusions. […] Anabolic steroids accelerate bone growth, so if they’re misused by adolescents who haven’t yet had the growth spurt associated with puberty, the drugs can cause premature ageing of the bones and restricted growth. […] Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking it. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #30 Anabolic steroid misuse
    https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/anabolic-steroid-misuse/
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects and addiction. […] Taking anabolic steroids can lead to physical and mental changes in both men and women. […] They can also cause serious medical conditions, such as heart attack, stroke and blood clots. These can be fatal. […] Misusing anabolic steroids can cause mental or emotional effects, including aggressive behaviour, mood swings, paranoia, manic behaviour, hallucinations and delusions. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite having unpleasant side effects. […] Stopping anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include depression and apathy, anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, lower sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #31 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    Joint pains […] Bad breath […] Hair loss […] Acne […] Appetite changes […] Greasy/oily skin and hair […] Breast growth […] Cardiac problems […] Liver problems […] Sexual dysfunction […] Low testosterone count […] Low sperm count […] Shrunken testicles […] Period issues […] Swelling of the clitoris. […] Behavioural Symptoms […] Irritable […] Aggressive […] Poor decision making […] Extreme mood swings. […] Continued steroid abuse ultimately results in a dependency for the drug and creates a steroid use disorder. Steroid addicts differ from the typical drug user: a steroid addict is not addicted to the drug itself, instead they are addicted to the physical results the drug can achieve.
  • #32 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    Joint pains […] Bad breath […] Hair loss […] Acne […] Appetite changes […] Greasy/oily skin and hair […] Breast growth […] Cardiac problems […] Liver problems […] Sexual dysfunction […] Low testosterone count […] Low sperm count […] Shrunken testicles […] Period issues […] Swelling of the clitoris. […] Behavioural Symptoms […] Irritable […] Aggressive […] Poor decision making […] Extreme mood swings. […] Continued steroid abuse ultimately results in a dependency for the drug and creates a steroid use disorder. Steroid addicts differ from the typical drug user: a steroid addict is not addicted to the drug itself, instead they are addicted to the physical results the drug can achieve.
  • #33
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are prescription-only medicines that are sometimes taken without medical advice to increase muscle mass and improve athletic performance. […] If used in this way, they can cause serious side effects and addiction. […] Regularly taking anabolic steroids can lead to physical and psychological changes in both men and women, as well as potentially dangerous medical conditions. […] Misusing anabolic steroids can also cause the following psychological or emotional effects: aggressive behaviour, mood swings, paranoia, manic behaviour, hallucinations and delusions. […] Anabolic steroids accelerate bone growth, so if they’re misused by adolescents who haven’t yet had the growth spurt associated with puberty, the drugs can cause premature ageing of the bones and restricted growth.
  • #34 Anabolic steroid misuse
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anabolic-steroid-misuse/
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects and addiction. […] Regularly taking anabolic steroids can lead to physical and psychological changes in both men and women, as well as potentially dangerous medical conditions. […] Misusing anabolic steroids can also cause the following psychological or emotional effects: aggressive behaviour, mood swings, paranoia, manic behaviour, hallucinations and delusions. […] Anabolic steroids accelerate bone growth, so if they’re misused by adolescents who haven’t yet had the growth spurt associated with puberty, the drugs can cause premature ageing of the bones and restricted growth. […] Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking it. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #35 Anabolic steroid misuse
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anabolic-steroid-misuse/
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects and addiction. […] Regularly taking anabolic steroids can lead to physical and psychological changes in both men and women, as well as potentially dangerous medical conditions. […] Misusing anabolic steroids can also cause the following psychological or emotional effects: aggressive behaviour, mood swings, paranoia, manic behaviour, hallucinations and delusions. […] Anabolic steroids accelerate bone growth, so if they’re misused by adolescents who haven’t yet had the growth spurt associated with puberty, the drugs can cause premature ageing of the bones and restricted growth. […] Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking it. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #36 Anabolic steroid misuse
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anabolic-steroid-misuse/
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects and addiction. […] Regularly taking anabolic steroids can lead to physical and psychological changes in both men and women, as well as potentially dangerous medical conditions. […] Misusing anabolic steroids can also cause the following psychological or emotional effects: aggressive behaviour, mood swings, paranoia, manic behaviour, hallucinations and delusions. […] Anabolic steroids accelerate bone growth, so if they’re misused by adolescents who haven’t yet had the growth spurt associated with puberty, the drugs can cause premature ageing of the bones and restricted growth. […] Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking it. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #37 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #38 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #39 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #40 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #41 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #42 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #43 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #44 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    Anabolic steroids are a manufactured testosterone that is prescribed by doctors to patients to help treat conditions such as muscle loss, cancer and hormone deficiencies. A steroid addiction may occur when a user begins to abuse the drug in order to see performance-based results as the drug is typically used by male bodybuilders seeking to enhance their muscle growth. Typically, those who suffer with a steroid addiction also suffer with muscle/ body dysmorphia, exercise addiction, low self-esteem in addition to depression in some cases. […] A steroid addiction does not function in the same way as an opioid or stimulant addiction but can remain equally as addictive because of the effects the drug can have on a user’s physical appearance and self-esteem. Over time, someone with a steroid addiction can develop a tolerance for the drug meaning a higher dose of the drug is needed each use to achieve the same effect and subsequently letting the addiction grow.
  • #45 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #46 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #47 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #48 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #49 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #50 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #51 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #52 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #53 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    Anabolic steroids are a manufactured testosterone that is prescribed by doctors to patients to help treat conditions such as muscle loss, cancer and hormone deficiencies. A steroid addiction may occur when a user begins to abuse the drug in order to see performance-based results as the drug is typically used by male bodybuilders seeking to enhance their muscle growth. Typically, those who suffer with a steroid addiction also suffer with muscle/ body dysmorphia, exercise addiction, low self-esteem in addition to depression in some cases. […] A steroid addiction does not function in the same way as an opioid or stimulant addiction but can remain equally as addictive because of the effects the drug can have on a user’s physical appearance and self-esteem. Over time, someone with a steroid addiction can develop a tolerance for the drug meaning a higher dose of the drug is needed each use to achieve the same effect and subsequently letting the addiction grow.
  • #54 Anabolic Steroids and Other Appearance and Performance Enhancing Drugs (APEDs) | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
    https://nida.nih.gov/research-topics/anabolic-steroids
    Symptoms of dependence can include tolerance, which is needing to take more steroids to achieve the same effects. Another indicator of dependence is withdrawal once anabolic steroid use stops. Withdrawal symptoms can include fatigue, restlessness, loss of appetite, insomnia, reduced sex drive, and steroid cravings. The most dangerous of the withdrawal symptoms is depression, because it sometimes leads to suicide attempts.
  • #55 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    When users stop taking steroids, their bodies may struggle to produce testosterone naturally, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, depression, and loss of muscle mass. This withdrawal process can make it difficult for users to quit, leading to physical dependence. […] A study from the National Institute of Health shows that around 32% of anabolic steroid users will develop a dependency. This is called a steroid use disorder. A steroid use disorder can develop when users are struggling with underlying psychological issues such as low self-esteem or body dysmorphia. […] Over time, a steroid addiction can lead to the user suffering from both mental and physical side effects and typically, these effects can often be spotted by other people. […] However, the side effects can be severe: […] Physical Symptoms
  • #56 Steroid Addiction: Signs, Causes, Effects And Treatments – Ethan Crossing
    https://ethancrossingspringfield.com/rehab-blog/steroid-addiction/
    Signs of steroid addiction include an obsession with body image and muscle mass, increased irritability and aggression, mood swings, and spending significant time and money on obtaining and using steroids. Physical signs include rapid muscle gain, acne breakouts, and fluctuations in weight. […] The withdrawal symptoms of steroid addiction include fatigue, restlessness, loss of appetite, insomnia, reduced sex drive, and steroid cravings. […] According to Kanayama, G.s 2009 study, Anabolic-androgenic steroid dependence: an emerging disorder, approximately 30% of anabolic steroid users develop a dependence syndrome, with users experiencing prominent withdrawal symptoms, including fatigue, loss of sex drive, and depressed mood. […] According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, anabolic steroids cause severe, long-lasting, and, in some cases, irreversible damage. They lead to early heart attacks, strokes, liver tumors, kidney failure, and psychiatric problems. In addition, stopping steroid use causes depression, leading to resumption of use.
  • #57 Steroid Addiction: Signs, Symptoms & Effects | Sanctuary Lodge
    https://www.sanctuarylodge.com/drug-addiction/steroids/
    Steroid addiction usually refers to a psychological dependency on AAS that causes the compulsive use of steroids despite negative consequences to health, personal life or well-being. […] The development of steroid addiction can be subtle, gradually escalating from experimental use to a perceived necessity to keep taking the drugs. […] Psychological addiction is the primary concern with steroid use, as these drugs do not usually have physically addictive properties like opioids or stimulants. However, users can still experience cravings and withdrawal symptoms, which can contribute to continued use and an ongoing cycle of steroid addiction. […] Common steroid addiction symptoms include: Obsessive behaviour related to body image or exercise, Spending excessive amounts of time and money obtaining steroids, Continuing to use steroids despite experiencing negative health effects, Secretive or deceptive behaviour regarding the use of steroids, Dependency on steroids to maintain self-esteem or confidence, Strained relationships due to behavioural changes or financial strain from purchasing steroids, Legal problems related to obtaining or using steroids, Loss of employment or academic failure due to prioritising steroid use or its effects, Steroid withdrawal symptoms such as fatigue, loss of appetite, insomnia and steroid cravings. […] If you recognise these warning signs in yourself or someone you know, professional help should be sought immediately to address the addiction and its underlying causes.
  • #58 Anabolic Steroids: Uses, Abuse, and Side Effects
    https://www.webmd.com/men/anabolic-steroids
    The misuse of anabolic steroids is common among athletes because it increases lean muscle mass more quickly and dramatically when combined with weight lifting than weight lifting alone. […] Nearly one-third of people who misuse anabolic steroids become dependent on them. That means over time it starts to take higher and more frequent doses to get the same effects. […] People who become dependent on anabolic steroids can also have withdrawal symptoms if they stop taking them. Without the drug in their system, they may feel tired and restless, stop eating and sleeping, lose their sex drive, and crave the drug. In some cases, withdrawal causes depression and thoughts of suicide. […] Your moods and emotions are balanced by the limbic system of your brain. Steroids act on the limbic system and may cause irritability and mild depression. Eventually, steroids can cause mania, delusions, and violent aggression, or „roid rage.”
  • #59 Steroid Addiction | Signs, Symptoms & Effects | Linwood House
    https://www.linwoodhouse.co.uk/addiction/drug/steroids/
    Some people take much higher doses of steroids than a doctor would ever prescribe, thinking it will make them stronger or build muscle faster. […] Over time, your body gets used to steroids, so you need more of them to build the same amount of muscle or improve your performance. This is called tolerance, and it is a major stepping stone to steroid addiction. […] Your body then starts to rely on the steroids to function normally because they have been present in your systems for so long. If you then try to stop taking them, you might feel weak, tired, depressed or experience other steroid withdrawal symptoms. […] At this stage, steroids take complete control of your life. You spend a lot of time and money getting and using steroids and cannot stop taking them despite the obvious harm they are doing.
  • #60 Anabolic Steroid Addiction And Abuse
    https://www.addictioncenter.com/stimulants/steroids/
    People taking steroids may also develop a tolerance to the drugs and experience withdrawal symptoms such as low sex drive, loss of appetite, mood swings, fatigue, insomnia, and depression when they stop taking them. […] People who take steroids for a prolonged period of time disrupt natural hormonal balances in their bodies. When someone addicted to steroids suddenly stops taking the drugs, they can become depressed and even suicidal due to these hormonal imbalances. […] The obsessive-compulsive behavior to keep using anabolic steroids often begins when the steroids improve physical appearance and strength in a short amount of time, which may eventually result in an addiction developing. […] Individuals with a history of SUDs are at a higher risk of abusing anabolic steroids. […] Some other signs of an addiction include: Spending large amounts of time and money getting or using steroids, failing to cut back on use despite repeated attempts, ignoring responsibilities at work or at home, continuing to use steroids despite physical side effects like hair loss, having persistent issues with friends and family, experiencing severe depression as a result of withdrawal.
  • #61 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    When you stop steroid misuse or abuse, it takes your body weeks to months to get back to making its own testosterone. […] Steroid abusers show signs of addiction, like withdrawal, cravings and loss of control. […] Psychological dependence on steroids and the effects of withdrawal (headache, tiredness, nausea, muscle pain, restlessness, poor sleep, low mood, low sex drive, body dysmorphia and suicidal thoughts) make it difficult to stop steroid abuse. […] Stopping is necessary if you want to have children or if you develop health problems caused by abuse or misuse.
  • #62 Anabolic Steroid Addiction And Abuse
    https://www.addictioncenter.com/stimulants/steroids/
    People taking steroids may also develop a tolerance to the drugs and experience withdrawal symptoms such as low sex drive, loss of appetite, mood swings, fatigue, insomnia, and depression when they stop taking them. […] People who take steroids for a prolonged period of time disrupt natural hormonal balances in their bodies. When someone addicted to steroids suddenly stops taking the drugs, they can become depressed and even suicidal due to these hormonal imbalances. […] The obsessive-compulsive behavior to keep using anabolic steroids often begins when the steroids improve physical appearance and strength in a short amount of time, which may eventually result in an addiction developing. […] Individuals with a history of SUDs are at a higher risk of abusing anabolic steroids. […] Some other signs of an addiction include: Spending large amounts of time and money getting or using steroids, failing to cut back on use despite repeated attempts, ignoring responsibilities at work or at home, continuing to use steroids despite physical side effects like hair loss, having persistent issues with friends and family, experiencing severe depression as a result of withdrawal.
  • #63 Steroid Drug Addiction Treatment & Rehab Center in Illinois
    https://www.gatewayfoundation.org/what-we-treat/drug-abuse-treatment/steroid-addiction/
    Anabolic steroid addiction is a health issue that affects many people, with 32% of people who misuse steroids becoming dependent. Addiction can cause significant disruptions to ones way of life, from physical and mental health problems to relationship and financial difficulties. […] While identifying addiction early on can sometimes be challenging, checking for signs and symptoms as soon as possible and alerting health professionals can prevent these harmful outcomes. If you believe you or a loved one might have a steroid addiction, watch for specific behavioral, physical and psychological signs: […] Dependence begins when a person develops drug tolerance, characterized by cravings and urges to take more substances. If you suspect a loved one is struggling with steroid use, note how often they take it. Many people who develop drug tolerance will seek constant refills or seek their medication through illegal means.
  • #64 Anabolic Steroid Addiction And Abuse
    https://www.addictioncenter.com/stimulants/steroids/
    People taking steroids may also develop a tolerance to the drugs and experience withdrawal symptoms such as low sex drive, loss of appetite, mood swings, fatigue, insomnia, and depression when they stop taking them. […] People who take steroids for a prolonged period of time disrupt natural hormonal balances in their bodies. When someone addicted to steroids suddenly stops taking the drugs, they can become depressed and even suicidal due to these hormonal imbalances. […] The obsessive-compulsive behavior to keep using anabolic steroids often begins when the steroids improve physical appearance and strength in a short amount of time, which may eventually result in an addiction developing. […] Individuals with a history of SUDs are at a higher risk of abusing anabolic steroids. […] Some other signs of an addiction include: Spending large amounts of time and money getting or using steroids, failing to cut back on use despite repeated attempts, ignoring responsibilities at work or at home, continuing to use steroids despite physical side effects like hair loss, having persistent issues with friends and family, experiencing severe depression as a result of withdrawal.
  • #65 Steroid Addiction: Signs, Symptoms, Effects and Treatment
    https://hopeharborwellness.com/steroid-addiction-treatment/
    Anabolic steroid addiction affects a significant portion of those who use steroids, with approximately 32% of users becoming dependent. This type of addiction can disrupt many aspects of life, including physical and mental health, relationships, and financial stability. […] Individuals often misuse steroids to enhance fitness, build muscle quickly, and boost athletic performance. However, this can lead to a strong addiction, making it difficult for them to stop using steroids on their own. […] Continued use despite adverse effects: Individuals may continue using steroids despite experiencing negative physical or psychological effects such as: Breast growth in men, Sexual dysfunction, High blood pressure, Elevated blood fats, Heart disease, Mood swings, Severe irritability, Aggressiveness.
  • #66 Anabolic steroid misuse
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anabolic-steroid-misuse/
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects and addiction. […] Regularly taking anabolic steroids can lead to physical and psychological changes in both men and women, as well as potentially dangerous medical conditions. […] Misusing anabolic steroids can also cause the following psychological or emotional effects: aggressive behaviour, mood swings, paranoia, manic behaviour, hallucinations and delusions. […] Anabolic steroids accelerate bone growth, so if they’re misused by adolescents who haven’t yet had the growth spurt associated with puberty, the drugs can cause premature ageing of the bones and restricted growth. […] Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking it. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #67
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #68
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #69
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #70
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #71
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #72
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #73
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #74
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #75
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #76
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #77 Anabolic Steroids and Other Appearance and Performance Enhancing Drugs (APEDs) | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
    https://nida.nih.gov/research-topics/anabolic-steroids
    Symptoms of dependence can include tolerance, which is needing to take more steroids to achieve the same effects. Another indicator of dependence is withdrawal once anabolic steroid use stops. Withdrawal symptoms can include fatigue, restlessness, loss of appetite, insomnia, reduced sex drive, and steroid cravings. The most dangerous of the withdrawal symptoms is depression, because it sometimes leads to suicide attempts.
  • #78 Anabolic Steroids and Other Appearance and Performance Enhancing Drugs (APEDs) | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
    https://nida.nih.gov/research-topics/anabolic-steroids
    Symptoms of dependence can include tolerance, which is needing to take more steroids to achieve the same effects. Another indicator of dependence is withdrawal once anabolic steroid use stops. Withdrawal symptoms can include fatigue, restlessness, loss of appetite, insomnia, reduced sex drive, and steroid cravings. The most dangerous of the withdrawal symptoms is depression, because it sometimes leads to suicide attempts.
  • #79 Anabolic Steroids and Other Appearance and Performance Enhancing Drugs (APEDs) | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
    https://nida.nih.gov/research-topics/anabolic-steroids
    Symptoms of dependence can include tolerance, which is needing to take more steroids to achieve the same effects. Another indicator of dependence is withdrawal once anabolic steroid use stops. Withdrawal symptoms can include fatigue, restlessness, loss of appetite, insomnia, reduced sex drive, and steroid cravings. The most dangerous of the withdrawal symptoms is depression, because it sometimes leads to suicide attempts.
  • #80 Anabolic Steroids Symptoms and Warning Signs
    https://www.addictioncenter.com/stimulants/steroids/symptoms-signs/
    Steroid abuse can also lead to significant psychiatric and behavioral issues. One of the most common issues documented in long-term steroid users is violent behavior. […] The most common side-effects of steroid use in women involve a decrease in feminine aspects, including the appearance of male characteristics, due to the increase in testosterone. […] Even those who aren’t addicted to steroids may experience steroid withdrawal symptoms when they stop taking the drugs. After taking steroids for a 6-12 week cycle, the body becomes physically and emotionally dependent on the drugs. […] Coming off steroids causes many users to experience an intense depression that may lead to attempted suicide.
  • #81 Anabolic androgenic steroids: what the psychiatrist needs to know | Advances in Psychiatric Treatment | Cambridge Core
    https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/advances-in-psychiatric-treatment/article/anabolic-androgenic-steroids-what-the-psychiatrist-needs-to-know/38A5531F66EE651A75DFB4EB5FB8962F
    They identified 5 participants (12.2%) who met the criteria for a manic episode during steroid exposure; a further 8 (19.5%) only narrowly missed the diagnosis. […] Significantly more participants developed a full affective syndrome during periods of steroid exposure than non-exposure, and 10 were stacking when they experienced manic symptoms. […] Symptoms of steroid withdrawal include mood disorders (with suicidal depression as the most life-threatening complication), apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty in concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased libido, fatigue, headache, and muscle and joint pain. […] It is often difficult to distinguish symptoms that are due to neuronal rebound in withdrawal from those that can be said to be psychological in origin. […] Observing oneself to lose muscle mass, strength, performance and confidence after cessation of steroid use has a powerful negative effect on mood, and this may lead to a strong desire to take steroids again.
  • #82 Anabolic Steroids and Other Appearance and Performance Enhancing Drugs (APEDs) | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
    https://nida.nih.gov/research-topics/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids can cause severe, long-lasting, and in some cases, irreversible damage. They can lead to early heart attacks, strokes, liver tumors, kidney failure, and psychiatric problems. In addition, stopping steroid use can cause depression, often leading to resumption of use. […] A variety of side effects can occur when anabolic steroids are misused, ranging from mild effects to ones that are harmful or even life-threatening. Most are reversible if the user stops taking the drugs. However, others may be permanent or semi-permanent. […] Steroid use has been associated with high blood pressure; decreased function of the hearts ventricles; and cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks, artery damage, and strokes, even in athletes younger than 30. […] Anabolic steroid users are more likely than nonusers to report anxiety. Moderate to high doses of anabolic steroids are also associated with major mood disorders such as mania, hypomania, and major depression.
  • #83 Steroid Addiction: Signs, Causes, Effects And Treatments – Ethan Crossing
    https://ethancrossingspringfield.com/rehab-blog/steroid-addiction/
    Signs of steroid addiction include an obsession with body image and muscle mass, increased irritability and aggression, mood swings, and spending significant time and money on obtaining and using steroids. Physical signs include rapid muscle gain, acne breakouts, and fluctuations in weight. […] The withdrawal symptoms of steroid addiction include fatigue, restlessness, loss of appetite, insomnia, reduced sex drive, and steroid cravings. […] According to Kanayama, G.s 2009 study, Anabolic-androgenic steroid dependence: an emerging disorder, approximately 30% of anabolic steroid users develop a dependence syndrome, with users experiencing prominent withdrawal symptoms, including fatigue, loss of sex drive, and depressed mood. […] According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, anabolic steroids cause severe, long-lasting, and, in some cases, irreversible damage. They lead to early heart attacks, strokes, liver tumors, kidney failure, and psychiatric problems. In addition, stopping steroid use causes depression, leading to resumption of use.
  • #84 Anabolic steroid use disorder – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice US
    https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/987
    Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS; also known as anabolic steroid) use is the illicit use of testosterone derivatives to improve athletic performance and/or to increase lean body mass and muscle size. […] Users take other drugs to minimize the unwanted effects of AASs, or to mask their use. […] Cardiac complications are the major cause of sudden and premature death. […] Key diagnostic factors include increased weight gain and muscular build, increased appetite, consumption of nutritional supplements, use of other drugs to counteract adverse effects of AAS use, aggression and mood swings, gynecomastia, hirsutism, voice pitch alterations, clitoral hypertrophy, and testicular atrophy. […] Other diagnostic factors include acne and/or oily skin, temporal hairline recession/male pattern baldness, striae or keloids, menstrual irregularities, changes in libido, erectile dysfunction, infertility, premature masculinization/feminization (adolescents), cognitive impairment, short stature (adolescents), and needle marks.
  • #85 Anabolic androgenic steroid abuse in young males in: Endocrine Connections Volume 9 Issue 4 (2020)
    https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/9/4/EC-19-0557.xml
    This review summarizes 10 years experience with male abusers of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS). […] Short-term clinical and biochemical side effects are well established. Long-term side effects are uncertain, but may include heart failure, mood-and anxiety disorders, hypogonadism and subfertility. […] Suppression of gonadotrophins is a very sensitive finding, even with relatively low doses and short exposure. Plasma testosterone and oestradiol levels may be high or low, depending on the type of androgen abused. Spermatogenesis is usually reduced following suppression of gonadotrophins and may take months to recover. Testicular volume decreases during abuse. […] The long-term side effects are less well defined. […] Several reports indicate that anabolic steroid abuse is associated with cardiac disease, ranging from diastolic dysfunction, overt heart failure to sudden cardiac death.
  • #86 Anabolic Steroids: What They Are, Uses, Side Effects & Risks
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/5521-anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroid misuse is common. Misusing anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health. Anabolic steroid misuse is often associated with a form of body dysmorphic disorder called muscle dysmorphia. The main reason people misuse anabolic steroids is to increase lean muscle mass when using them in conjunction with weight training. Misuse of anabolic steroids can cause a variety of side effects ranging from mild to harmful or even life-threatening. Most side effects are reversible if you stop taking the drugs, but others may be permanent. Nonprescription doses are often 10 to 100 times higher than the doses healthcare providers prescribe to treat medical conditions. This is why the side effects are usually more severe than the side effects of prescribed anabolic steroid use. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse for anyone include: High blood pressure. Blood clots. Heart issues, including heart attack. Stroke. Liver damage. Short stature (if you’re an adolescent). Severe acne and cysts. Male-pattern baldness. Aggression. Mania. Delusions. Major depressive disorder. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in men include: Decreased sperm production. Enlarged breasts. Decrease in testicle size. Increased risk of testicular cancer. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in women include: Voice deepening. Decreased breast size. Excessive body hair growth. Misuse of anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health.
  • #87 Anabolic Steroids: What They Are, Uses, Side Effects & Risks
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/5521-anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroid misuse is common. Misusing anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health. Anabolic steroid misuse is often associated with a form of body dysmorphic disorder called muscle dysmorphia. The main reason people misuse anabolic steroids is to increase lean muscle mass when using them in conjunction with weight training. Misuse of anabolic steroids can cause a variety of side effects ranging from mild to harmful or even life-threatening. Most side effects are reversible if you stop taking the drugs, but others may be permanent. Nonprescription doses are often 10 to 100 times higher than the doses healthcare providers prescribe to treat medical conditions. This is why the side effects are usually more severe than the side effects of prescribed anabolic steroid use. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse for anyone include: High blood pressure. Blood clots. Heart issues, including heart attack. Stroke. Liver damage. Short stature (if you’re an adolescent). Severe acne and cysts. Male-pattern baldness. Aggression. Mania. Delusions. Major depressive disorder. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in men include: Decreased sperm production. Enlarged breasts. Decrease in testicle size. Increased risk of testicular cancer. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in women include: Voice deepening. Decreased breast size. Excessive body hair growth. Misuse of anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health.
  • #88 Anabolic Steroids: What They Are, Uses, Side Effects & Risks
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/5521-anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroid misuse is common. Misusing anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health. Anabolic steroid misuse is often associated with a form of body dysmorphic disorder called muscle dysmorphia. The main reason people misuse anabolic steroids is to increase lean muscle mass when using them in conjunction with weight training. Misuse of anabolic steroids can cause a variety of side effects ranging from mild to harmful or even life-threatening. Most side effects are reversible if you stop taking the drugs, but others may be permanent. Nonprescription doses are often 10 to 100 times higher than the doses healthcare providers prescribe to treat medical conditions. This is why the side effects are usually more severe than the side effects of prescribed anabolic steroid use. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse for anyone include: High blood pressure. Blood clots. Heart issues, including heart attack. Stroke. Liver damage. Short stature (if you’re an adolescent). Severe acne and cysts. Male-pattern baldness. Aggression. Mania. Delusions. Major depressive disorder. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in men include: Decreased sperm production. Enlarged breasts. Decrease in testicle size. Increased risk of testicular cancer. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in women include: Voice deepening. Decreased breast size. Excessive body hair growth. Misuse of anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health.
  • #89 Anabolic Steroids: What They Are, Uses, Side Effects & Risks
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/5521-anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroid misuse is common. Misusing anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health. Anabolic steroid misuse is often associated with a form of body dysmorphic disorder called muscle dysmorphia. The main reason people misuse anabolic steroids is to increase lean muscle mass when using them in conjunction with weight training. Misuse of anabolic steroids can cause a variety of side effects ranging from mild to harmful or even life-threatening. Most side effects are reversible if you stop taking the drugs, but others may be permanent. Nonprescription doses are often 10 to 100 times higher than the doses healthcare providers prescribe to treat medical conditions. This is why the side effects are usually more severe than the side effects of prescribed anabolic steroid use. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse for anyone include: High blood pressure. Blood clots. Heart issues, including heart attack. Stroke. Liver damage. Short stature (if you’re an adolescent). Severe acne and cysts. Male-pattern baldness. Aggression. Mania. Delusions. Major depressive disorder. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in men include: Decreased sperm production. Enlarged breasts. Decrease in testicle size. Increased risk of testicular cancer. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in women include: Voice deepening. Decreased breast size. Excessive body hair growth. Misuse of anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health.
  • #90 Anabolic steroid – Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabolic_steroid
    AAS use can cause harmful changes in cholesterol levels: Some steroids cause an increase in LDL cholesterol and a decrease in HDL cholesterol. […] AAS have been shown to alter fasting blood sugar and glucose tolerance tests. […] A number of severe side effects can occur if adolescents use AAS. For example, AAS may prematurely stop the lengthening of bones (premature epiphyseal fusion through increased levels of estrogen metabolites), resulting in stunted growth. […] Other side-effects can include alterations in the structure of the heart, such as enlargement and thickening of the left ventricle, which impairs its contraction and relaxation, and therefore reducing ejected blood volume. […] Possible effects of these alterations in the heart are hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, heart attacks, and sudden cardiac death.
  • #91 Anabolic steroid – Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabolic_steroid
    AAS use can cause harmful changes in cholesterol levels: Some steroids cause an increase in LDL cholesterol and a decrease in HDL cholesterol. […] AAS have been shown to alter fasting blood sugar and glucose tolerance tests. […] A number of severe side effects can occur if adolescents use AAS. For example, AAS may prematurely stop the lengthening of bones (premature epiphyseal fusion through increased levels of estrogen metabolites), resulting in stunted growth. […] Other side-effects can include alterations in the structure of the heart, such as enlargement and thickening of the left ventricle, which impairs its contraction and relaxation, and therefore reducing ejected blood volume. […] Possible effects of these alterations in the heart are hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, heart attacks, and sudden cardiac death.
  • #92 Anabolic steroid – Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabolic_steroid
    AAS use can cause harmful changes in cholesterol levels: Some steroids cause an increase in LDL cholesterol and a decrease in HDL cholesterol. […] AAS have been shown to alter fasting blood sugar and glucose tolerance tests. […] A number of severe side effects can occur if adolescents use AAS. For example, AAS may prematurely stop the lengthening of bones (premature epiphyseal fusion through increased levels of estrogen metabolites), resulting in stunted growth. […] Other side-effects can include alterations in the structure of the heart, such as enlargement and thickening of the left ventricle, which impairs its contraction and relaxation, and therefore reducing ejected blood volume. […] Possible effects of these alterations in the heart are hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, heart attacks, and sudden cardiac death.
  • #93 Anabolic Steroids – Special Subjects – Merck Manual Consumer Version
    https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/special-subjects/illicit-drugs-and-intoxicants/anabolic-steroids
    Long-term use can cause the body to produce too many red blood cells and abnormal levels of fats (lipids) in the blood. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) the bad cholesterol levels increase, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) the good cholesterol levels decrease. Severe cardiovascular complications, including high blood pressure, stroke, heart attack, and blood clots, are reported with the use of anabolic steroids. […] Steroids have several psychologic effects (usually only with high doses): wide and erratic mood swings, irrational behavior, increased aggressiveness (steroid, or „roid” rage), irritability, increased sex drive (libido) in men and sometimes in women, and depression.
  • #94 Anabolic Steroids: What They Are, Uses, Side Effects & Risks
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/5521-anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroid misuse is common. Misusing anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health. Anabolic steroid misuse is often associated with a form of body dysmorphic disorder called muscle dysmorphia. The main reason people misuse anabolic steroids is to increase lean muscle mass when using them in conjunction with weight training. Misuse of anabolic steroids can cause a variety of side effects ranging from mild to harmful or even life-threatening. Most side effects are reversible if you stop taking the drugs, but others may be permanent. Nonprescription doses are often 10 to 100 times higher than the doses healthcare providers prescribe to treat medical conditions. This is why the side effects are usually more severe than the side effects of prescribed anabolic steroid use. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse for anyone include: High blood pressure. Blood clots. Heart issues, including heart attack. Stroke. Liver damage. Short stature (if you’re an adolescent). Severe acne and cysts. Male-pattern baldness. Aggression. Mania. Delusions. Major depressive disorder. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in men include: Decreased sperm production. Enlarged breasts. Decrease in testicle size. Increased risk of testicular cancer. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in women include: Voice deepening. Decreased breast size. Excessive body hair growth. Misuse of anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health.
  • #95 Anabolic Steroids – Special Subjects – Merck Manual Consumer Version
    https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/special-subjects/illicit-drugs-and-intoxicants/anabolic-steroids
    Long-term use can cause the body to produce too many red blood cells and abnormal levels of fats (lipids) in the blood. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) the bad cholesterol levels increase, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) the good cholesterol levels decrease. Severe cardiovascular complications, including high blood pressure, stroke, heart attack, and blood clots, are reported with the use of anabolic steroids. […] Steroids have several psychologic effects (usually only with high doses): wide and erratic mood swings, irrational behavior, increased aggressiveness (steroid, or „roid” rage), irritability, increased sex drive (libido) in men and sometimes in women, and depression.
  • #96 Anabolic Steroids Symptoms and Warning Signs
    https://www.addictioncenter.com/stimulants/steroids/symptoms-signs/
    Steroids cause hormonal imbalances in the body that can lead to physical changes. Men can develop breasts and shrunken testicles. In women, sexual organs can enlarge and their voices often deepen. […] Drastic mood swings and roid rage are common red flags of prolonged steroid misuse. Steroid abuse can also result in dramatic personality changes over time. […] Other common side effects and signs of anabolic steroid abuse include: Acne, Rapid muscle/weight gain, Enlarged breasts (in men), Paranoia, Hyperactivity, Facial hair growth (in women). […] Many who abuse anabolic steroids will use them in cycles. They go on and off anabolic steroids to try to avoid negative side effects from the drugs. Despite these off cycles, there are still long-term risks from taking steroids. […] Possible side effects of anabolic steroids include: Vomiting blood, Yellow eyes and skin, Nausea, Nerve damage, Abdominal pain, Baldness, Increased cancer risk, Insomnia, Blood clots, High cholesterol, Severe acne, Oily skin, Hair loss, Liver disease, tumors, and cysts, Menstrual irregularities in women, Heart disease and attacks, Stroke, Kidney disease, Mood-swings, Irritability and aggression, Depression and suicidal thoughts, Altered cholesterol levels, High blood pressure, Gynecomastia (male breast enlargement), Infertility, Shrinking of testicles, Excess facial or body hair (hirsutism), Deeper voice in women, Stunted growth and height in teenagers, Viral or bacterial infections from injections.
  • #97 Anabolic Steroids Symptoms and Warning Signs
    https://www.addictioncenter.com/stimulants/steroids/symptoms-signs/
    Steroids cause hormonal imbalances in the body that can lead to physical changes. Men can develop breasts and shrunken testicles. In women, sexual organs can enlarge and their voices often deepen. […] Drastic mood swings and roid rage are common red flags of prolonged steroid misuse. Steroid abuse can also result in dramatic personality changes over time. […] Other common side effects and signs of anabolic steroid abuse include: Acne, Rapid muscle/weight gain, Enlarged breasts (in men), Paranoia, Hyperactivity, Facial hair growth (in women). […] Many who abuse anabolic steroids will use them in cycles. They go on and off anabolic steroids to try to avoid negative side effects from the drugs. Despite these off cycles, there are still long-term risks from taking steroids. […] Possible side effects of anabolic steroids include: Vomiting blood, Yellow eyes and skin, Nausea, Nerve damage, Abdominal pain, Baldness, Increased cancer risk, Insomnia, Blood clots, High cholesterol, Severe acne, Oily skin, Hair loss, Liver disease, tumors, and cysts, Menstrual irregularities in women, Heart disease and attacks, Stroke, Kidney disease, Mood-swings, Irritability and aggression, Depression and suicidal thoughts, Altered cholesterol levels, High blood pressure, Gynecomastia (male breast enlargement), Infertility, Shrinking of testicles, Excess facial or body hair (hirsutism), Deeper voice in women, Stunted growth and height in teenagers, Viral or bacterial infections from injections.
  • #98 Anabolic steroids | Better Health Channel
    https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/steroids
    People who misuse anabolic steroids may include athletes, bodybuilders and people who feel they need to look muscular to feel good about themselves. […] The misuse of anabolic steroids can cause long-term side effects. These can include cardiovascular complications, liver disease, reproductive organ damage and severe mood swings. […] The effects of anabolic steroid use can differ from person to person. Some people may experience: fluid retention (also called water retention or oedema), difficulty sleeping, damage to nerves from injecting steroids, irritability, mood swings, aggression or depression, increased sex drive (libido), skin changes acne that results in scarring, more colds. […] Anabolic steroids can produce many unpleasant and often permanent side effects, including: damage to the gonads (testicles or ovaries), liver disease, malfunctions of the kidneys, liver or heart, 'roid rage’, which is characterised by uncontrollable outbursts of psychotic aggression, paranoia and mood swings, including deep depression, severe acne, which can cause scarring, high blood cholesterol levels, high blood pressure (hypertension), injuries to tendons that can’t keep up with the increased muscle strength, delusional feelings of being superhuman or invincible, trembling and muscle tremors, nerve damage from needle use this may lead to conditions such as sciatica, unsafe needle use can increased the risk of contracting infections such as hepatitis B and C, HIV and tetanus. […] Withdrawal symptoms from steroids can include: fatigue, weight loss due to lowered appetite, decreased strength, depression.
  • #99 Former Abusers of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids Exhibit Decreased Testosterone Levels and Hypogonadal Symptoms Years after Cessation: A Case-Control Study | PLOS One
    https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0161208
    Former AAS abusers exhibited significantly lower median total and free testosterone levels than control participants (total testosterone: 14.4 (11.9-17.7) nmol/l vs. 18.8 (16.6-22.0) nmol/l) (P < 0.01). [...] Overall, 27.2% of former AAS abusers exhibited plasma total testosterone levels below the lower reference limit (12.1 nmol/l) whereas no control participants exhibited testosterone below this limit (P < 0.01). [...] The group of former AAS abusers had higher proportions of participants with depressive symptoms (24.2%), erectile dysfunction (27.3%) and decreased libido (40.1%) than the other two groups (trend analyses: P < 0.05). [...] Former AAS abusers exhibited significantly lower plasma testosterone levels and higher frequencies of symptoms suggestive of hypogonadism than healthy control participants years after AAS cessation.
  • #100 Anabolic androgenic steroid abuse in young males in: Endocrine Connections Volume 9 Issue 4 (2020)
    https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/9/4/EC-19-0557.xml
    This review summarizes 10 years experience with male abusers of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS). […] Short-term clinical and biochemical side effects are well established. Long-term side effects are uncertain, but may include heart failure, mood-and anxiety disorders, hypogonadism and subfertility. […] Suppression of gonadotrophins is a very sensitive finding, even with relatively low doses and short exposure. Plasma testosterone and oestradiol levels may be high or low, depending on the type of androgen abused. Spermatogenesis is usually reduced following suppression of gonadotrophins and may take months to recover. Testicular volume decreases during abuse. […] The long-term side effects are less well defined. […] Several reports indicate that anabolic steroid abuse is associated with cardiac disease, ranging from diastolic dysfunction, overt heart failure to sudden cardiac death.
  • #101 Former Abusers of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids Exhibit Decreased Testosterone Levels and Hypogonadal Symptoms Years after Cessation: A Case-Control Study | PLOS One
    https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0161208
    Former AAS abusers exhibited significantly lower median total and free testosterone levels than control participants (total testosterone: 14.4 (11.9-17.7) nmol/l vs. 18.8 (16.6-22.0) nmol/l) (P < 0.01). [...] Overall, 27.2% of former AAS abusers exhibited plasma total testosterone levels below the lower reference limit (12.1 nmol/l) whereas no control participants exhibited testosterone below this limit (P < 0.01). [...] The group of former AAS abusers had higher proportions of participants with depressive symptoms (24.2%), erectile dysfunction (27.3%) and decreased libido (40.1%) than the other two groups (trend analyses: P < 0.05). [...] Former AAS abusers exhibited significantly lower plasma testosterone levels and higher frequencies of symptoms suggestive of hypogonadism than healthy control participants years after AAS cessation.
  • #102 Former Abusers of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids Exhibit Decreased Testosterone Levels and Hypogonadal Symptoms Years after Cessation: A Case-Control Study | PLOS One
    https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0161208
    Former AAS abusers exhibited significantly lower median total and free testosterone levels than control participants (total testosterone: 14.4 (11.9-17.7) nmol/l vs. 18.8 (16.6-22.0) nmol/l) (P < 0.01). [...] Overall, 27.2% of former AAS abusers exhibited plasma total testosterone levels below the lower reference limit (12.1 nmol/l) whereas no control participants exhibited testosterone below this limit (P < 0.01). [...] The group of former AAS abusers had higher proportions of participants with depressive symptoms (24.2%), erectile dysfunction (27.3%) and decreased libido (40.1%) than the other two groups (trend analyses: P < 0.05). [...] Former AAS abusers exhibited significantly lower plasma testosterone levels and higher frequencies of symptoms suggestive of hypogonadism than healthy control participants years after AAS cessation.
  • #103 What Are the Risks of Steroid Use? (for Teens) | Nemours KidsHealth
    https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/steroids.html
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (manmade) hormones that can boost the body’s ability to make muscle and prevent muscle breakdown. […] Anabolic steroids are dangerous for various reasons: […] They can cause health problems, especially when used in large doses over time. The problems may not appear until years after a person took the steroids. […] Although they might help build muscle, steroids can have very serious side effects. Using them for a long time can harm the reproductive system. In males, steroids can lead to impotence, reduced sperm production in the testicles, and even smaller testicle size. […] Females who use steroids may have problems with their menstrual cycles because steroids can disrupt the maturation and release of eggs from the ovaries. This can cause long-term problems with fertility.
  • #104 What Are the Risks of Steroid Use? (for Teens) | Nemours KidsHealth
    https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/steroids.html
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (manmade) hormones that can boost the body’s ability to make muscle and prevent muscle breakdown. […] Anabolic steroids are dangerous for various reasons: […] They can cause health problems, especially when used in large doses over time. The problems may not appear until years after a person took the steroids. […] Although they might help build muscle, steroids can have very serious side effects. Using them for a long time can harm the reproductive system. In males, steroids can lead to impotence, reduced sperm production in the testicles, and even smaller testicle size. […] Females who use steroids may have problems with their menstrual cycles because steroids can disrupt the maturation and release of eggs from the ovaries. This can cause long-term problems with fertility.
  • #105 Anabolic steroids | Better Health Channel
    https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/steroids
    People who misuse anabolic steroids may include athletes, bodybuilders and people who feel they need to look muscular to feel good about themselves. […] The misuse of anabolic steroids can cause long-term side effects. These can include cardiovascular complications, liver disease, reproductive organ damage and severe mood swings. […] The effects of anabolic steroid use can differ from person to person. Some people may experience: fluid retention (also called water retention or oedema), difficulty sleeping, damage to nerves from injecting steroids, irritability, mood swings, aggression or depression, increased sex drive (libido), skin changes acne that results in scarring, more colds. […] Anabolic steroids can produce many unpleasant and often permanent side effects, including: damage to the gonads (testicles or ovaries), liver disease, malfunctions of the kidneys, liver or heart, 'roid rage’, which is characterised by uncontrollable outbursts of psychotic aggression, paranoia and mood swings, including deep depression, severe acne, which can cause scarring, high blood cholesterol levels, high blood pressure (hypertension), injuries to tendons that can’t keep up with the increased muscle strength, delusional feelings of being superhuman or invincible, trembling and muscle tremors, nerve damage from needle use this may lead to conditions such as sciatica, unsafe needle use can increased the risk of contracting infections such as hepatitis B and C, HIV and tetanus. […] Withdrawal symptoms from steroids can include: fatigue, weight loss due to lowered appetite, decreased strength, depression.
  • #106 Anabolic steroids | Better Health Channel
    https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/steroids
    People who misuse anabolic steroids may include athletes, bodybuilders and people who feel they need to look muscular to feel good about themselves. […] The misuse of anabolic steroids can cause long-term side effects. These can include cardiovascular complications, liver disease, reproductive organ damage and severe mood swings. […] The effects of anabolic steroid use can differ from person to person. Some people may experience: fluid retention (also called water retention or oedema), difficulty sleeping, damage to nerves from injecting steroids, irritability, mood swings, aggression or depression, increased sex drive (libido), skin changes acne that results in scarring, more colds. […] Anabolic steroids can produce many unpleasant and often permanent side effects, including: damage to the gonads (testicles or ovaries), liver disease, malfunctions of the kidneys, liver or heart, 'roid rage’, which is characterised by uncontrollable outbursts of psychotic aggression, paranoia and mood swings, including deep depression, severe acne, which can cause scarring, high blood cholesterol levels, high blood pressure (hypertension), injuries to tendons that can’t keep up with the increased muscle strength, delusional feelings of being superhuman or invincible, trembling and muscle tremors, nerve damage from needle use this may lead to conditions such as sciatica, unsafe needle use can increased the risk of contracting infections such as hepatitis B and C, HIV and tetanus. […] Withdrawal symptoms from steroids can include: fatigue, weight loss due to lowered appetite, decreased strength, depression.
  • #107 Anabolic steroids | Better Health Channel
    https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/steroids
    People who misuse anabolic steroids may include athletes, bodybuilders and people who feel they need to look muscular to feel good about themselves. […] The misuse of anabolic steroids can cause long-term side effects. These can include cardiovascular complications, liver disease, reproductive organ damage and severe mood swings. […] The effects of anabolic steroid use can differ from person to person. Some people may experience: fluid retention (also called water retention or oedema), difficulty sleeping, damage to nerves from injecting steroids, irritability, mood swings, aggression or depression, increased sex drive (libido), skin changes acne that results in scarring, more colds. […] Anabolic steroids can produce many unpleasant and often permanent side effects, including: damage to the gonads (testicles or ovaries), liver disease, malfunctions of the kidneys, liver or heart, 'roid rage’, which is characterised by uncontrollable outbursts of psychotic aggression, paranoia and mood swings, including deep depression, severe acne, which can cause scarring, high blood cholesterol levels, high blood pressure (hypertension), injuries to tendons that can’t keep up with the increased muscle strength, delusional feelings of being superhuman or invincible, trembling and muscle tremors, nerve damage from needle use this may lead to conditions such as sciatica, unsafe needle use can increased the risk of contracting infections such as hepatitis B and C, HIV and tetanus. […] Withdrawal symptoms from steroids can include: fatigue, weight loss due to lowered appetite, decreased strength, depression.
  • #108 Anabolic steroid misuse
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anabolic-steroid-misuse/
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects and addiction. […] Regularly taking anabolic steroids can lead to physical and psychological changes in both men and women, as well as potentially dangerous medical conditions. […] Misusing anabolic steroids can also cause the following psychological or emotional effects: aggressive behaviour, mood swings, paranoia, manic behaviour, hallucinations and delusions. […] Anabolic steroids accelerate bone growth, so if they’re misused by adolescents who haven’t yet had the growth spurt associated with puberty, the drugs can cause premature ageing of the bones and restricted growth. […] Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking it. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #109 Anabolic steroids | Better Health Channel
    https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/steroids
    People who misuse anabolic steroids may include athletes, bodybuilders and people who feel they need to look muscular to feel good about themselves. […] The misuse of anabolic steroids can cause long-term side effects. These can include cardiovascular complications, liver disease, reproductive organ damage and severe mood swings. […] The effects of anabolic steroid use can differ from person to person. Some people may experience: fluid retention (also called water retention or oedema), difficulty sleeping, damage to nerves from injecting steroids, irritability, mood swings, aggression or depression, increased sex drive (libido), skin changes acne that results in scarring, more colds. […] Anabolic steroids can produce many unpleasant and often permanent side effects, including: damage to the gonads (testicles or ovaries), liver disease, malfunctions of the kidneys, liver or heart, 'roid rage’, which is characterised by uncontrollable outbursts of psychotic aggression, paranoia and mood swings, including deep depression, severe acne, which can cause scarring, high blood cholesterol levels, high blood pressure (hypertension), injuries to tendons that can’t keep up with the increased muscle strength, delusional feelings of being superhuman or invincible, trembling and muscle tremors, nerve damage from needle use this may lead to conditions such as sciatica, unsafe needle use can increased the risk of contracting infections such as hepatitis B and C, HIV and tetanus. […] Withdrawal symptoms from steroids can include: fatigue, weight loss due to lowered appetite, decreased strength, depression.
  • #110 Anabolic steroids | Better Health Channel
    https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/steroids
    People who misuse anabolic steroids may include athletes, bodybuilders and people who feel they need to look muscular to feel good about themselves. […] The misuse of anabolic steroids can cause long-term side effects. These can include cardiovascular complications, liver disease, reproductive organ damage and severe mood swings. […] The effects of anabolic steroid use can differ from person to person. Some people may experience: fluid retention (also called water retention or oedema), difficulty sleeping, damage to nerves from injecting steroids, irritability, mood swings, aggression or depression, increased sex drive (libido), skin changes acne that results in scarring, more colds. […] Anabolic steroids can produce many unpleasant and often permanent side effects, including: damage to the gonads (testicles or ovaries), liver disease, malfunctions of the kidneys, liver or heart, 'roid rage’, which is characterised by uncontrollable outbursts of psychotic aggression, paranoia and mood swings, including deep depression, severe acne, which can cause scarring, high blood cholesterol levels, high blood pressure (hypertension), injuries to tendons that can’t keep up with the increased muscle strength, delusional feelings of being superhuman or invincible, trembling and muscle tremors, nerve damage from needle use this may lead to conditions such as sciatica, unsafe needle use can increased the risk of contracting infections such as hepatitis B and C, HIV and tetanus. […] Withdrawal symptoms from steroids can include: fatigue, weight loss due to lowered appetite, decreased strength, depression.
  • #111 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    Joint pains […] Bad breath […] Hair loss […] Acne […] Appetite changes […] Greasy/oily skin and hair […] Breast growth […] Cardiac problems […] Liver problems […] Sexual dysfunction […] Low testosterone count […] Low sperm count […] Shrunken testicles […] Period issues […] Swelling of the clitoris. […] Behavioural Symptoms […] Irritable […] Aggressive […] Poor decision making […] Extreme mood swings. […] Continued steroid abuse ultimately results in a dependency for the drug and creates a steroid use disorder. Steroid addicts differ from the typical drug user: a steroid addict is not addicted to the drug itself, instead they are addicted to the physical results the drug can achieve.
  • #112 Anabolic Steroids Symptoms and Warning Signs
    https://www.addictioncenter.com/stimulants/steroids/symptoms-signs/
    Steroids cause hormonal imbalances in the body that can lead to physical changes. Men can develop breasts and shrunken testicles. In women, sexual organs can enlarge and their voices often deepen. […] Drastic mood swings and roid rage are common red flags of prolonged steroid misuse. Steroid abuse can also result in dramatic personality changes over time. […] Other common side effects and signs of anabolic steroid abuse include: Acne, Rapid muscle/weight gain, Enlarged breasts (in men), Paranoia, Hyperactivity, Facial hair growth (in women). […] Many who abuse anabolic steroids will use them in cycles. They go on and off anabolic steroids to try to avoid negative side effects from the drugs. Despite these off cycles, there are still long-term risks from taking steroids. […] Possible side effects of anabolic steroids include: Vomiting blood, Yellow eyes and skin, Nausea, Nerve damage, Abdominal pain, Baldness, Increased cancer risk, Insomnia, Blood clots, High cholesterol, Severe acne, Oily skin, Hair loss, Liver disease, tumors, and cysts, Menstrual irregularities in women, Heart disease and attacks, Stroke, Kidney disease, Mood-swings, Irritability and aggression, Depression and suicidal thoughts, Altered cholesterol levels, High blood pressure, Gynecomastia (male breast enlargement), Infertility, Shrinking of testicles, Excess facial or body hair (hirsutism), Deeper voice in women, Stunted growth and height in teenagers, Viral or bacterial infections from injections.
  • #113 Behavioural manifestations of anabolic steroid use – PubMed
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15984895/
    The use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) for gains in strength and muscle mass is relatively common among certain subpopulations, including athletes, bodybuilders, adolescents and young adults. […] Significant psychiatric symptoms including aggression and violence, mania, and less frequently psychosis and suicide have been associated with steroid abuse. […] Long-term steroid abusers may develop symptoms of dependence and withdrawal on discontinuation of AAS. […] Treatment of AAS abusers should address both acute physical and behavioural symptoms as well as long-term abstinence and recovery.
  • #114 Anabolic Steroids: Mental Health Effects, Use, and Misuse
    https://www.verywellmind.com/steroids-abuse-faq-69354
    Steroid misuse can increase the risk of health issues, including liver problems, increased blood pressure, bleeding, and fluid retention. […] This misuse can significantly affect physical health, but steroid use can also affect the brain, behavior, and mental health. […] Approximately three to four million people between the ages of 13 and 50 are believed to have used anabolic steroids. Of these individuals, an estimated one million have experienced steroid dependence. […] Some psychological effects of steroid use that have been reported include hallucinations and delusions, manic behavior, and mood swings. […] There have been reports of people who misuse steroids experiencing psychotic and manic reactions. […] A 2021 study noted that high-dose use of anabolic steroids is linked to brain and cognitive abnormalities and that long-term high-dose use can negatively affect brain aging.
  • #115 Anabolic androgenic steroids: what the psychiatrist needs to know | Advances in Psychiatric Treatment | Cambridge Core
    https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/advances-in-psychiatric-treatment/article/anabolic-androgenic-steroids-what-the-psychiatrist-needs-to-know/38A5531F66EE651A75DFB4EB5FB8962F
    There have been several case reports of what users call roid rage, frenzied violent behaviour during the high-dose cycles of steroid use. […] In 88 athletes who were using anabolic steroids, aggressive or violent behaviour often accompanied steroid-associated manic or hypomanic episodes. […] Clinical presentations include grandiose and paranoid delusional states that often occur in the context of a psychotic or manic episode. Symptoms usually resolve in a few weeks if steroid use is discontinued, although may persist for as long as a month even if adequately treated with antipsychotics. […] Affective disorders have long been recognised as a complication of anabolic steroid use. […] Of 53 bodybuilders who used anabolic steroids, 27 (51%) reported unspecified mood disturbance. […] The above-mentioned study involving 41 steroid-using bodybuilders used structured interviews to measure affective symptoms according to DSMIIIR criteria.
  • #116 Anabolic Steroids: Mental Health Effects, Use, and Misuse
    https://www.verywellmind.com/steroids-abuse-faq-69354
    Steroid misuse can increase the risk of health issues, including liver problems, increased blood pressure, bleeding, and fluid retention. […] This misuse can significantly affect physical health, but steroid use can also affect the brain, behavior, and mental health. […] Approximately three to four million people between the ages of 13 and 50 are believed to have used anabolic steroids. Of these individuals, an estimated one million have experienced steroid dependence. […] Some psychological effects of steroid use that have been reported include hallucinations and delusions, manic behavior, and mood swings. […] There have been reports of people who misuse steroids experiencing psychotic and manic reactions. […] A 2021 study noted that high-dose use of anabolic steroids is linked to brain and cognitive abnormalities and that long-term high-dose use can negatively affect brain aging.
  • #117 Behavioural manifestations of anabolic steroid use – PubMed
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15984895/
    The use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) for gains in strength and muscle mass is relatively common among certain subpopulations, including athletes, bodybuilders, adolescents and young adults. […] Significant psychiatric symptoms including aggression and violence, mania, and less frequently psychosis and suicide have been associated with steroid abuse. […] Long-term steroid abusers may develop symptoms of dependence and withdrawal on discontinuation of AAS. […] Treatment of AAS abusers should address both acute physical and behavioural symptoms as well as long-term abstinence and recovery.
  • #118 Anabolic Steroids and Other Appearance and Performance Enhancing Drugs (APEDs) | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
    https://nida.nih.gov/research-topics/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids can cause severe, long-lasting, and in some cases, irreversible damage. They can lead to early heart attacks, strokes, liver tumors, kidney failure, and psychiatric problems. In addition, stopping steroid use can cause depression, often leading to resumption of use. […] A variety of side effects can occur when anabolic steroids are misused, ranging from mild effects to ones that are harmful or even life-threatening. Most are reversible if the user stops taking the drugs. However, others may be permanent or semi-permanent. […] Steroid use has been associated with high blood pressure; decreased function of the hearts ventricles; and cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks, artery damage, and strokes, even in athletes younger than 30. […] Anabolic steroid users are more likely than nonusers to report anxiety. Moderate to high doses of anabolic steroids are also associated with major mood disorders such as mania, hypomania, and major depression.
  • #119 Anabolic androgenic steroids: what the psychiatrist needs to know | Advances in Psychiatric Treatment | Cambridge Core
    https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/advances-in-psychiatric-treatment/article/anabolic-androgenic-steroids-what-the-psychiatrist-needs-to-know/38A5531F66EE651A75DFB4EB5FB8962F
    Anabolic steroids have been associated with a range of psychiatric symptoms, although the limited research literature in this area does not yet prove a causal link. […] Empirical studies in both animals and humans have shown an increase in aggression in both males and females exposed to anabolic steroids, and self-reported aggression may be the only sign of steroid misuse. […] Moderately high doses of testosterone cypionate have been shown to increase aggressive responding in individuals who have not used steroids before, and increasing doses of methyltestosterone have been correlated with increasing irritability, mood swings, violent feelings and hostility. […] Misusers of anabolic steroids subjectively report significantly more fights, verbal aggression and violence towards their significant others during periods of use compared with periods of non-use.
  • #120 Behavioural manifestations of anabolic steroid use – PubMed
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15984895/
    The use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) for gains in strength and muscle mass is relatively common among certain subpopulations, including athletes, bodybuilders, adolescents and young adults. […] Significant psychiatric symptoms including aggression and violence, mania, and less frequently psychosis and suicide have been associated with steroid abuse. […] Long-term steroid abusers may develop symptoms of dependence and withdrawal on discontinuation of AAS. […] Treatment of AAS abusers should address both acute physical and behavioural symptoms as well as long-term abstinence and recovery.
  • #121 Anabolic steroids | Better Health Channel
    https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/steroids
    People who misuse anabolic steroids may include athletes, bodybuilders and people who feel they need to look muscular to feel good about themselves. […] The misuse of anabolic steroids can cause long-term side effects. These can include cardiovascular complications, liver disease, reproductive organ damage and severe mood swings. […] The effects of anabolic steroid use can differ from person to person. Some people may experience: fluid retention (also called water retention or oedema), difficulty sleeping, damage to nerves from injecting steroids, irritability, mood swings, aggression or depression, increased sex drive (libido), skin changes acne that results in scarring, more colds. […] Anabolic steroids can produce many unpleasant and often permanent side effects, including: damage to the gonads (testicles or ovaries), liver disease, malfunctions of the kidneys, liver or heart, 'roid rage’, which is characterised by uncontrollable outbursts of psychotic aggression, paranoia and mood swings, including deep depression, severe acne, which can cause scarring, high blood cholesterol levels, high blood pressure (hypertension), injuries to tendons that can’t keep up with the increased muscle strength, delusional feelings of being superhuman or invincible, trembling and muscle tremors, nerve damage from needle use this may lead to conditions such as sciatica, unsafe needle use can increased the risk of contracting infections such as hepatitis B and C, HIV and tetanus. […] Withdrawal symptoms from steroids can include: fatigue, weight loss due to lowered appetite, decreased strength, depression.
  • #122 Anabolic Steroids Symptoms and Warning Signs
    https://www.addictioncenter.com/stimulants/steroids/symptoms-signs/
    Steroids cause hormonal imbalances in the body that can lead to physical changes. Men can develop breasts and shrunken testicles. In women, sexual organs can enlarge and their voices often deepen. […] Drastic mood swings and roid rage are common red flags of prolonged steroid misuse. Steroid abuse can also result in dramatic personality changes over time. […] Other common side effects and signs of anabolic steroid abuse include: Acne, Rapid muscle/weight gain, Enlarged breasts (in men), Paranoia, Hyperactivity, Facial hair growth (in women). […] Many who abuse anabolic steroids will use them in cycles. They go on and off anabolic steroids to try to avoid negative side effects from the drugs. Despite these off cycles, there are still long-term risks from taking steroids. […] Possible side effects of anabolic steroids include: Vomiting blood, Yellow eyes and skin, Nausea, Nerve damage, Abdominal pain, Baldness, Increased cancer risk, Insomnia, Blood clots, High cholesterol, Severe acne, Oily skin, Hair loss, Liver disease, tumors, and cysts, Menstrual irregularities in women, Heart disease and attacks, Stroke, Kidney disease, Mood-swings, Irritability and aggression, Depression and suicidal thoughts, Altered cholesterol levels, High blood pressure, Gynecomastia (male breast enlargement), Infertility, Shrinking of testicles, Excess facial or body hair (hirsutism), Deeper voice in women, Stunted growth and height in teenagers, Viral or bacterial infections from injections.
  • #123 Anabolic steroids | Better Health Channel
    https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/steroids
    People who misuse anabolic steroids may include athletes, bodybuilders and people who feel they need to look muscular to feel good about themselves. […] The misuse of anabolic steroids can cause long-term side effects. These can include cardiovascular complications, liver disease, reproductive organ damage and severe mood swings. […] The effects of anabolic steroid use can differ from person to person. Some people may experience: fluid retention (also called water retention or oedema), difficulty sleeping, damage to nerves from injecting steroids, irritability, mood swings, aggression or depression, increased sex drive (libido), skin changes acne that results in scarring, more colds. […] Anabolic steroids can produce many unpleasant and often permanent side effects, including: damage to the gonads (testicles or ovaries), liver disease, malfunctions of the kidneys, liver or heart, 'roid rage’, which is characterised by uncontrollable outbursts of psychotic aggression, paranoia and mood swings, including deep depression, severe acne, which can cause scarring, high blood cholesterol levels, high blood pressure (hypertension), injuries to tendons that can’t keep up with the increased muscle strength, delusional feelings of being superhuman or invincible, trembling and muscle tremors, nerve damage from needle use this may lead to conditions such as sciatica, unsafe needle use can increased the risk of contracting infections such as hepatitis B and C, HIV and tetanus. […] Withdrawal symptoms from steroids can include: fatigue, weight loss due to lowered appetite, decreased strength, depression.
  • #124 Anabolic steroids | Better Health Channel
    https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/steroids
    People who misuse anabolic steroids may include athletes, bodybuilders and people who feel they need to look muscular to feel good about themselves. […] The misuse of anabolic steroids can cause long-term side effects. These can include cardiovascular complications, liver disease, reproductive organ damage and severe mood swings. […] The effects of anabolic steroid use can differ from person to person. Some people may experience: fluid retention (also called water retention or oedema), difficulty sleeping, damage to nerves from injecting steroids, irritability, mood swings, aggression or depression, increased sex drive (libido), skin changes acne that results in scarring, more colds. […] Anabolic steroids can produce many unpleasant and often permanent side effects, including: damage to the gonads (testicles or ovaries), liver disease, malfunctions of the kidneys, liver or heart, 'roid rage’, which is characterised by uncontrollable outbursts of psychotic aggression, paranoia and mood swings, including deep depression, severe acne, which can cause scarring, high blood cholesterol levels, high blood pressure (hypertension), injuries to tendons that can’t keep up with the increased muscle strength, delusional feelings of being superhuman or invincible, trembling and muscle tremors, nerve damage from needle use this may lead to conditions such as sciatica, unsafe needle use can increased the risk of contracting infections such as hepatitis B and C, HIV and tetanus. […] Withdrawal symptoms from steroids can include: fatigue, weight loss due to lowered appetite, decreased strength, depression.
  • #125 Anabolic steroids | Better Health Channel
    https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/steroids
    People who misuse anabolic steroids may include athletes, bodybuilders and people who feel they need to look muscular to feel good about themselves. […] The misuse of anabolic steroids can cause long-term side effects. These can include cardiovascular complications, liver disease, reproductive organ damage and severe mood swings. […] The effects of anabolic steroid use can differ from person to person. Some people may experience: fluid retention (also called water retention or oedema), difficulty sleeping, damage to nerves from injecting steroids, irritability, mood swings, aggression or depression, increased sex drive (libido), skin changes acne that results in scarring, more colds. […] Anabolic steroids can produce many unpleasant and often permanent side effects, including: damage to the gonads (testicles or ovaries), liver disease, malfunctions of the kidneys, liver or heart, 'roid rage’, which is characterised by uncontrollable outbursts of psychotic aggression, paranoia and mood swings, including deep depression, severe acne, which can cause scarring, high blood cholesterol levels, high blood pressure (hypertension), injuries to tendons that can’t keep up with the increased muscle strength, delusional feelings of being superhuman or invincible, trembling and muscle tremors, nerve damage from needle use this may lead to conditions such as sciatica, unsafe needle use can increased the risk of contracting infections such as hepatitis B and C, HIV and tetanus. […] Withdrawal symptoms from steroids can include: fatigue, weight loss due to lowered appetite, decreased strength, depression.
  • #126 Anabolic Steroids Symptoms and Warning Signs
    https://www.addictioncenter.com/stimulants/steroids/symptoms-signs/
    Steroids cause hormonal imbalances in the body that can lead to physical changes. Men can develop breasts and shrunken testicles. In women, sexual organs can enlarge and their voices often deepen. […] Drastic mood swings and roid rage are common red flags of prolonged steroid misuse. Steroid abuse can also result in dramatic personality changes over time. […] Other common side effects and signs of anabolic steroid abuse include: Acne, Rapid muscle/weight gain, Enlarged breasts (in men), Paranoia, Hyperactivity, Facial hair growth (in women). […] Many who abuse anabolic steroids will use them in cycles. They go on and off anabolic steroids to try to avoid negative side effects from the drugs. Despite these off cycles, there are still long-term risks from taking steroids. […] Possible side effects of anabolic steroids include: Vomiting blood, Yellow eyes and skin, Nausea, Nerve damage, Abdominal pain, Baldness, Increased cancer risk, Insomnia, Blood clots, High cholesterol, Severe acne, Oily skin, Hair loss, Liver disease, tumors, and cysts, Menstrual irregularities in women, Heart disease and attacks, Stroke, Kidney disease, Mood-swings, Irritability and aggression, Depression and suicidal thoughts, Altered cholesterol levels, High blood pressure, Gynecomastia (male breast enlargement), Infertility, Shrinking of testicles, Excess facial or body hair (hirsutism), Deeper voice in women, Stunted growth and height in teenagers, Viral or bacterial infections from injections.
  • #127 Anabolic Steroid Use Disorder – MD Searchlight
    https://mdsearchlight.com/medications/anabolic-steroid-use-disorder/
    Diagnosing abuse of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS) requires a thorough medical history review and physical examination. Doctors become suspicious of AAS abuse when they see certain symptoms in patients. For different sexes and age groups, these signs vary. […] In children or teenagers, signs may include early development of secondary sexual characteristics, reduction in height, and premature closing of areas of bone growth (known as epiphyses). […] In women, symptoms can include receding hairline, excessive hair growth, acne, irregular periods, shrinking of breasts, voice deepening (which is irreversible), enlarged clitoris, reduction in overall body fat, and an increase in muscle mass. […] In men, signs of AAS abuse may show up as rapid increase in muscle mass and strength, changes like breast enlargement, small testes, low sperm count, impotence, and acne.
  • #128 Anabolic Steroids: What They Are, Uses, Side Effects & Risks
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/5521-anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroid misuse is common. Misusing anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health. Anabolic steroid misuse is often associated with a form of body dysmorphic disorder called muscle dysmorphia. The main reason people misuse anabolic steroids is to increase lean muscle mass when using them in conjunction with weight training. Misuse of anabolic steroids can cause a variety of side effects ranging from mild to harmful or even life-threatening. Most side effects are reversible if you stop taking the drugs, but others may be permanent. Nonprescription doses are often 10 to 100 times higher than the doses healthcare providers prescribe to treat medical conditions. This is why the side effects are usually more severe than the side effects of prescribed anabolic steroid use. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse for anyone include: High blood pressure. Blood clots. Heart issues, including heart attack. Stroke. Liver damage. Short stature (if you’re an adolescent). Severe acne and cysts. Male-pattern baldness. Aggression. Mania. Delusions. Major depressive disorder. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in men include: Decreased sperm production. Enlarged breasts. Decrease in testicle size. Increased risk of testicular cancer. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in women include: Voice deepening. Decreased breast size. Excessive body hair growth. Misuse of anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health.
  • #129 Anabolic Steroids – Women’s Health – Associates for Women’s Medicine – Syracuse NY Gynecologist, Gynecology, Obstetrics, OBGYN, OB Physicians, Syracuse New York, Fayetteville, North Syracuse, LiverpoolAnabolic Steroids
    https://www.afwomensmed.com/health-library/hw-view.php?DOCHWID=za1277
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects. Some of these effects can be permanent. […] In men, anabolic steroids can: Reduce sperm count. Shrink the testicles. Enlarge the breasts. […] In women, anabolic steroids can: Increase body hair. Make skin rough. Decrease breast size. Enlarge the clitoris. Deepen the voice. […] In both men and women, anabolic steroids can cause: High blood pressure, heart attack, or stroke. Higher levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) and lower levels of good cholesterol (HDL). Liver disease and possibly liver cancer. The chance of these problems is higher when steroids are taken as a pill. Oily skin, acne, and male-pattern hair loss. Skin infections that can become severe if the drug was tainted with bacteria. Irritability, rage, aggression, violence, uncontrolled high energy (mania), false beliefs (delusions), and substance use disorder.
  • #130 Anabolic Steroids: What They Are, Uses, Side Effects & Risks
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/5521-anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroid misuse is common. Misusing anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health. Anabolic steroid misuse is often associated with a form of body dysmorphic disorder called muscle dysmorphia. The main reason people misuse anabolic steroids is to increase lean muscle mass when using them in conjunction with weight training. Misuse of anabolic steroids can cause a variety of side effects ranging from mild to harmful or even life-threatening. Most side effects are reversible if you stop taking the drugs, but others may be permanent. Nonprescription doses are often 10 to 100 times higher than the doses healthcare providers prescribe to treat medical conditions. This is why the side effects are usually more severe than the side effects of prescribed anabolic steroid use. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse for anyone include: High blood pressure. Blood clots. Heart issues, including heart attack. Stroke. Liver damage. Short stature (if you’re an adolescent). Severe acne and cysts. Male-pattern baldness. Aggression. Mania. Delusions. Major depressive disorder. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in men include: Decreased sperm production. Enlarged breasts. Decrease in testicle size. Increased risk of testicular cancer. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in women include: Voice deepening. Decreased breast size. Excessive body hair growth. Misuse of anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health.
  • #131 Anabolic Steroids – Women’s Health – Associates for Women’s Medicine – Syracuse NY Gynecologist, Gynecology, Obstetrics, OBGYN, OB Physicians, Syracuse New York, Fayetteville, North Syracuse, LiverpoolAnabolic Steroids
    https://www.afwomensmed.com/health-library/hw-view.php?DOCHWID=za1277
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects. Some of these effects can be permanent. […] In men, anabolic steroids can: Reduce sperm count. Shrink the testicles. Enlarge the breasts. […] In women, anabolic steroids can: Increase body hair. Make skin rough. Decrease breast size. Enlarge the clitoris. Deepen the voice. […] In both men and women, anabolic steroids can cause: High blood pressure, heart attack, or stroke. Higher levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) and lower levels of good cholesterol (HDL). Liver disease and possibly liver cancer. The chance of these problems is higher when steroids are taken as a pill. Oily skin, acne, and male-pattern hair loss. Skin infections that can become severe if the drug was tainted with bacteria. Irritability, rage, aggression, violence, uncontrolled high energy (mania), false beliefs (delusions), and substance use disorder.
  • #132 Anabolic Steroids – Women’s Health – Associates for Women’s Medicine – Syracuse NY Gynecologist, Gynecology, Obstetrics, OBGYN, OB Physicians, Syracuse New York, Fayetteville, North Syracuse, LiverpoolAnabolic Steroids
    https://www.afwomensmed.com/health-library/hw-view.php?DOCHWID=za1277
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects. Some of these effects can be permanent. […] In men, anabolic steroids can: Reduce sperm count. Shrink the testicles. Enlarge the breasts. […] In women, anabolic steroids can: Increase body hair. Make skin rough. Decrease breast size. Enlarge the clitoris. Deepen the voice. […] In both men and women, anabolic steroids can cause: High blood pressure, heart attack, or stroke. Higher levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) and lower levels of good cholesterol (HDL). Liver disease and possibly liver cancer. The chance of these problems is higher when steroids are taken as a pill. Oily skin, acne, and male-pattern hair loss. Skin infections that can become severe if the drug was tainted with bacteria. Irritability, rage, aggression, violence, uncontrolled high energy (mania), false beliefs (delusions), and substance use disorder.
  • #133 Anabolic Steroids: What They Are, Uses, Side Effects & Risks
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/5521-anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroid misuse is common. Misusing anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health. Anabolic steroid misuse is often associated with a form of body dysmorphic disorder called muscle dysmorphia. The main reason people misuse anabolic steroids is to increase lean muscle mass when using them in conjunction with weight training. Misuse of anabolic steroids can cause a variety of side effects ranging from mild to harmful or even life-threatening. Most side effects are reversible if you stop taking the drugs, but others may be permanent. Nonprescription doses are often 10 to 100 times higher than the doses healthcare providers prescribe to treat medical conditions. This is why the side effects are usually more severe than the side effects of prescribed anabolic steroid use. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse for anyone include: High blood pressure. Blood clots. Heart issues, including heart attack. Stroke. Liver damage. Short stature (if you’re an adolescent). Severe acne and cysts. Male-pattern baldness. Aggression. Mania. Delusions. Major depressive disorder. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in men include: Decreased sperm production. Enlarged breasts. Decrease in testicle size. Increased risk of testicular cancer. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in women include: Voice deepening. Decreased breast size. Excessive body hair growth. Misuse of anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health.
  • #134 Anabolic steroid use disorder – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice US
    https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/987
    Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS; also known as anabolic steroid) use is the illicit use of testosterone derivatives to improve athletic performance and/or to increase lean body mass and muscle size. […] Users take other drugs to minimize the unwanted effects of AASs, or to mask their use. […] Cardiac complications are the major cause of sudden and premature death. […] Key diagnostic factors include increased weight gain and muscular build, increased appetite, consumption of nutritional supplements, use of other drugs to counteract adverse effects of AAS use, aggression and mood swings, gynecomastia, hirsutism, voice pitch alterations, clitoral hypertrophy, and testicular atrophy. […] Other diagnostic factors include acne and/or oily skin, temporal hairline recession/male pattern baldness, striae or keloids, menstrual irregularities, changes in libido, erectile dysfunction, infertility, premature masculinization/feminization (adolescents), cognitive impairment, short stature (adolescents), and needle marks.
  • #135 Anabolic steroid use disorder – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice US
    https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/987
    Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS; also known as anabolic steroid) use is the illicit use of testosterone derivatives to improve athletic performance and/or to increase lean body mass and muscle size. […] Users take other drugs to minimize the unwanted effects of AASs, or to mask their use. […] Cardiac complications are the major cause of sudden and premature death. […] Key diagnostic factors include increased weight gain and muscular build, increased appetite, consumption of nutritional supplements, use of other drugs to counteract adverse effects of AAS use, aggression and mood swings, gynecomastia, hirsutism, voice pitch alterations, clitoral hypertrophy, and testicular atrophy. […] Other diagnostic factors include acne and/or oily skin, temporal hairline recession/male pattern baldness, striae or keloids, menstrual irregularities, changes in libido, erectile dysfunction, infertility, premature masculinization/feminization (adolescents), cognitive impairment, short stature (adolescents), and needle marks.
  • #136 Anabolic Steroids – Women’s Health – Associates for Women’s Medicine – Syracuse NY Gynecologist, Gynecology, Obstetrics, OBGYN, OB Physicians, Syracuse New York, Fayetteville, North Syracuse, LiverpoolAnabolic Steroids
    https://www.afwomensmed.com/health-library/hw-view.php?DOCHWID=za1277
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects. Some of these effects can be permanent. […] In men, anabolic steroids can: Reduce sperm count. Shrink the testicles. Enlarge the breasts. […] In women, anabolic steroids can: Increase body hair. Make skin rough. Decrease breast size. Enlarge the clitoris. Deepen the voice. […] In both men and women, anabolic steroids can cause: High blood pressure, heart attack, or stroke. Higher levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) and lower levels of good cholesterol (HDL). Liver disease and possibly liver cancer. The chance of these problems is higher when steroids are taken as a pill. Oily skin, acne, and male-pattern hair loss. Skin infections that can become severe if the drug was tainted with bacteria. Irritability, rage, aggression, violence, uncontrolled high energy (mania), false beliefs (delusions), and substance use disorder.
  • #137 Anabolic Steroids: What They Are, Uses, Side Effects & Risks
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/5521-anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroid misuse is common. Misusing anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health. Anabolic steroid misuse is often associated with a form of body dysmorphic disorder called muscle dysmorphia. The main reason people misuse anabolic steroids is to increase lean muscle mass when using them in conjunction with weight training. Misuse of anabolic steroids can cause a variety of side effects ranging from mild to harmful or even life-threatening. Most side effects are reversible if you stop taking the drugs, but others may be permanent. Nonprescription doses are often 10 to 100 times higher than the doses healthcare providers prescribe to treat medical conditions. This is why the side effects are usually more severe than the side effects of prescribed anabolic steroid use. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse for anyone include: High blood pressure. Blood clots. Heart issues, including heart attack. Stroke. Liver damage. Short stature (if you’re an adolescent). Severe acne and cysts. Male-pattern baldness. Aggression. Mania. Delusions. Major depressive disorder. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in men include: Decreased sperm production. Enlarged breasts. Decrease in testicle size. Increased risk of testicular cancer. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in women include: Voice deepening. Decreased breast size. Excessive body hair growth. Misuse of anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health.
  • #138 Anabolic Steroids – Women’s Health – Associates for Women’s Medicine – Syracuse NY Gynecologist, Gynecology, Obstetrics, OBGYN, OB Physicians, Syracuse New York, Fayetteville, North Syracuse, LiverpoolAnabolic Steroids
    https://www.afwomensmed.com/health-library/hw-view.php?DOCHWID=za1277
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects. Some of these effects can be permanent. […] In men, anabolic steroids can: Reduce sperm count. Shrink the testicles. Enlarge the breasts. […] In women, anabolic steroids can: Increase body hair. Make skin rough. Decrease breast size. Enlarge the clitoris. Deepen the voice. […] In both men and women, anabolic steroids can cause: High blood pressure, heart attack, or stroke. Higher levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) and lower levels of good cholesterol (HDL). Liver disease and possibly liver cancer. The chance of these problems is higher when steroids are taken as a pill. Oily skin, acne, and male-pattern hair loss. Skin infections that can become severe if the drug was tainted with bacteria. Irritability, rage, aggression, violence, uncontrolled high energy (mania), false beliefs (delusions), and substance use disorder.
  • #139 Anabolic Steroids – Women’s Health – Associates for Women’s Medicine – Syracuse NY Gynecologist, Gynecology, Obstetrics, OBGYN, OB Physicians, Syracuse New York, Fayetteville, North Syracuse, LiverpoolAnabolic Steroids
    https://www.afwomensmed.com/health-library/hw-view.php?DOCHWID=za1277
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects. Some of these effects can be permanent. […] In men, anabolic steroids can: Reduce sperm count. Shrink the testicles. Enlarge the breasts. […] In women, anabolic steroids can: Increase body hair. Make skin rough. Decrease breast size. Enlarge the clitoris. Deepen the voice. […] In both men and women, anabolic steroids can cause: High blood pressure, heart attack, or stroke. Higher levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) and lower levels of good cholesterol (HDL). Liver disease and possibly liver cancer. The chance of these problems is higher when steroids are taken as a pill. Oily skin, acne, and male-pattern hair loss. Skin infections that can become severe if the drug was tainted with bacteria. Irritability, rage, aggression, violence, uncontrolled high energy (mania), false beliefs (delusions), and substance use disorder.
  • #140 Anabolic Steroids – Women’s Health – Associates for Women’s Medicine – Syracuse NY Gynecologist, Gynecology, Obstetrics, OBGYN, OB Physicians, Syracuse New York, Fayetteville, North Syracuse, LiverpoolAnabolic Steroids
    https://www.afwomensmed.com/health-library/hw-view.php?DOCHWID=za1277
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects. Some of these effects can be permanent. […] In men, anabolic steroids can: Reduce sperm count. Shrink the testicles. Enlarge the breasts. […] In women, anabolic steroids can: Increase body hair. Make skin rough. Decrease breast size. Enlarge the clitoris. Deepen the voice. […] In both men and women, anabolic steroids can cause: High blood pressure, heart attack, or stroke. Higher levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) and lower levels of good cholesterol (HDL). Liver disease and possibly liver cancer. The chance of these problems is higher when steroids are taken as a pill. Oily skin, acne, and male-pattern hair loss. Skin infections that can become severe if the drug was tainted with bacteria. Irritability, rage, aggression, violence, uncontrolled high energy (mania), false beliefs (delusions), and substance use disorder.
  • #141 Anabolic Steroids – Women’s Health – Associates for Women’s Medicine – Syracuse NY Gynecologist, Gynecology, Obstetrics, OBGYN, OB Physicians, Syracuse New York, Fayetteville, North Syracuse, LiverpoolAnabolic Steroids
    https://www.afwomensmed.com/health-library/hw-view.php?DOCHWID=za1277
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects. Some of these effects can be permanent. […] In men, anabolic steroids can: Reduce sperm count. Shrink the testicles. Enlarge the breasts. […] In women, anabolic steroids can: Increase body hair. Make skin rough. Decrease breast size. Enlarge the clitoris. Deepen the voice. […] In both men and women, anabolic steroids can cause: High blood pressure, heart attack, or stroke. Higher levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) and lower levels of good cholesterol (HDL). Liver disease and possibly liver cancer. The chance of these problems is higher when steroids are taken as a pill. Oily skin, acne, and male-pattern hair loss. Skin infections that can become severe if the drug was tainted with bacteria. Irritability, rage, aggression, violence, uncontrolled high energy (mania), false beliefs (delusions), and substance use disorder.
  • #142 Anabolic Steroids – Women’s Health – Associates for Women’s Medicine – Syracuse NY Gynecologist, Gynecology, Obstetrics, OBGYN, OB Physicians, Syracuse New York, Fayetteville, North Syracuse, LiverpoolAnabolic Steroids
    https://www.afwomensmed.com/health-library/hw-view.php?DOCHWID=za1277
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects. Some of these effects can be permanent. […] In men, anabolic steroids can: Reduce sperm count. Shrink the testicles. Enlarge the breasts. […] In women, anabolic steroids can: Increase body hair. Make skin rough. Decrease breast size. Enlarge the clitoris. Deepen the voice. […] In both men and women, anabolic steroids can cause: High blood pressure, heart attack, or stroke. Higher levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) and lower levels of good cholesterol (HDL). Liver disease and possibly liver cancer. The chance of these problems is higher when steroids are taken as a pill. Oily skin, acne, and male-pattern hair loss. Skin infections that can become severe if the drug was tainted with bacteria. Irritability, rage, aggression, violence, uncontrolled high energy (mania), false beliefs (delusions), and substance use disorder.
  • #143 Anabolic Steroids – Women’s Health – Associates for Women’s Medicine – Syracuse NY Gynecologist, Gynecology, Obstetrics, OBGYN, OB Physicians, Syracuse New York, Fayetteville, North Syracuse, LiverpoolAnabolic Steroids
    https://www.afwomensmed.com/health-library/hw-view.php?DOCHWID=za1277
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects. Some of these effects can be permanent. […] In men, anabolic steroids can: Reduce sperm count. Shrink the testicles. Enlarge the breasts. […] In women, anabolic steroids can: Increase body hair. Make skin rough. Decrease breast size. Enlarge the clitoris. Deepen the voice. […] In both men and women, anabolic steroids can cause: High blood pressure, heart attack, or stroke. Higher levels of bad cholesterol (LDL) and lower levels of good cholesterol (HDL). Liver disease and possibly liver cancer. The chance of these problems is higher when steroids are taken as a pill. Oily skin, acne, and male-pattern hair loss. Skin infections that can become severe if the drug was tainted with bacteria. Irritability, rage, aggression, violence, uncontrolled high energy (mania), false beliefs (delusions), and substance use disorder.
  • #144 Anabolic steroids | Better Health Channel
    https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/healthyliving/steroids
    People who misuse anabolic steroids may include athletes, bodybuilders and people who feel they need to look muscular to feel good about themselves. […] The misuse of anabolic steroids can cause long-term side effects. These can include cardiovascular complications, liver disease, reproductive organ damage and severe mood swings. […] The effects of anabolic steroid use can differ from person to person. Some people may experience: fluid retention (also called water retention or oedema), difficulty sleeping, damage to nerves from injecting steroids, irritability, mood swings, aggression or depression, increased sex drive (libido), skin changes acne that results in scarring, more colds. […] Anabolic steroids can produce many unpleasant and often permanent side effects, including: damage to the gonads (testicles or ovaries), liver disease, malfunctions of the kidneys, liver or heart, 'roid rage’, which is characterised by uncontrollable outbursts of psychotic aggression, paranoia and mood swings, including deep depression, severe acne, which can cause scarring, high blood cholesterol levels, high blood pressure (hypertension), injuries to tendons that can’t keep up with the increased muscle strength, delusional feelings of being superhuman or invincible, trembling and muscle tremors, nerve damage from needle use this may lead to conditions such as sciatica, unsafe needle use can increased the risk of contracting infections such as hepatitis B and C, HIV and tetanus. […] Withdrawal symptoms from steroids can include: fatigue, weight loss due to lowered appetite, decreased strength, depression.
  • #145 Anabolic steroid use disorder – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice US
    https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/987
    Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS; also known as anabolic steroid) use is the illicit use of testosterone derivatives to improve athletic performance and/or to increase lean body mass and muscle size. […] Users take other drugs to minimize the unwanted effects of AASs, or to mask their use. […] Cardiac complications are the major cause of sudden and premature death. […] Key diagnostic factors include increased weight gain and muscular build, increased appetite, consumption of nutritional supplements, use of other drugs to counteract adverse effects of AAS use, aggression and mood swings, gynecomastia, hirsutism, voice pitch alterations, clitoral hypertrophy, and testicular atrophy. […] Other diagnostic factors include acne and/or oily skin, temporal hairline recession/male pattern baldness, striae or keloids, menstrual irregularities, changes in libido, erectile dysfunction, infertility, premature masculinization/feminization (adolescents), cognitive impairment, short stature (adolescents), and needle marks.
  • #146 Anabolic steroid misuse
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anabolic-steroid-misuse/
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects and addiction. […] Regularly taking anabolic steroids can lead to physical and psychological changes in both men and women, as well as potentially dangerous medical conditions. […] Misusing anabolic steroids can also cause the following psychological or emotional effects: aggressive behaviour, mood swings, paranoia, manic behaviour, hallucinations and delusions. […] Anabolic steroids accelerate bone growth, so if they’re misused by adolescents who haven’t yet had the growth spurt associated with puberty, the drugs can cause premature ageing of the bones and restricted growth. […] Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking it. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #147 Fitness
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/performance-enhancing-drugs/art-20046134
    Anabolic steroids are drugs that athletes take to boost their strength and add muscle. These drugs also are called anabolic-androgenic steroids. They are made to work like a hormone that the body makes called testosterone. […] Many athletes take anabolic steroids at doses that are too high. These doses are much higher than those that health care providers use for medical reasons. Anabolic steroids have serious side effects too. […] All people who use anabolic steroids might start to get: Severe acne. A higher risk of swollen or torn cords in the body called tendons, which attach muscle to bone. Liver tumors, or other changes to the liver. Higher levels of the „bad” cholesterol, called low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Lower levels of the „good” cholesterol, called high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. High blood pressure. Problems with the heart and blood flow. Issues with anger or violence. Mental health conditions, such as depression. A need for anabolic steroids that can’t be controlled. Diseases, such as HIV or hepatitis, if using needles to give shots of the drugs. […] Teens who take anabolic steroids might grow less than usual too. They also might raise their risk of health problems later in life.
  • #148 Anabolic steroid misuse
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anabolic-steroid-misuse/
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects and addiction. […] Regularly taking anabolic steroids can lead to physical and psychological changes in both men and women, as well as potentially dangerous medical conditions. […] Misusing anabolic steroids can also cause the following psychological or emotional effects: aggressive behaviour, mood swings, paranoia, manic behaviour, hallucinations and delusions. […] Anabolic steroids accelerate bone growth, so if they’re misused by adolescents who haven’t yet had the growth spurt associated with puberty, the drugs can cause premature ageing of the bones and restricted growth. […] Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking it. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #149 Anabolic steroid misuse
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anabolic-steroid-misuse/
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects and addiction. […] Regularly taking anabolic steroids can lead to physical and psychological changes in both men and women, as well as potentially dangerous medical conditions. […] Misusing anabolic steroids can also cause the following psychological or emotional effects: aggressive behaviour, mood swings, paranoia, manic behaviour, hallucinations and delusions. […] Anabolic steroids accelerate bone growth, so if they’re misused by adolescents who haven’t yet had the growth spurt associated with puberty, the drugs can cause premature ageing of the bones and restricted growth. […] Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking it. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #150 Anabolic Steroids: What They Are, Uses, Side Effects & Risks
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/5521-anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroid misuse is common. Misusing anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health. Anabolic steroid misuse is often associated with a form of body dysmorphic disorder called muscle dysmorphia. The main reason people misuse anabolic steroids is to increase lean muscle mass when using them in conjunction with weight training. Misuse of anabolic steroids can cause a variety of side effects ranging from mild to harmful or even life-threatening. Most side effects are reversible if you stop taking the drugs, but others may be permanent. Nonprescription doses are often 10 to 100 times higher than the doses healthcare providers prescribe to treat medical conditions. This is why the side effects are usually more severe than the side effects of prescribed anabolic steroid use. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse for anyone include: High blood pressure. Blood clots. Heart issues, including heart attack. Stroke. Liver damage. Short stature (if you’re an adolescent). Severe acne and cysts. Male-pattern baldness. Aggression. Mania. Delusions. Major depressive disorder. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in men include: Decreased sperm production. Enlarged breasts. Decrease in testicle size. Increased risk of testicular cancer. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in women include: Voice deepening. Decreased breast size. Excessive body hair growth. Misuse of anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health.
  • #151 Harmful Effects of Anabolic Steroids | Laguna Treatment Center
    https://lagunatreatment.com/drug-abuse/anabolic-steroids/
    Use of anabolic steroids may have a wide range of adverse health effects depending on the age and sex of the user, type, amount and dose, as well as the length of time used. […] Men may experience: Shrinking testicles. Lower sperm count/infertility. Enlargement of breast tissue. […] Women may experience: Deepening of the voice. Decrease in breast size. Male-pattern baldness. Enlarged clitoris. Increased facial and body hair. […] In teens: Stunted growth. Acne. Early onset of puberty and sexual development (males only). […] Mental health effects of steroid use in both men and women may include dramatic mood swings, impaired judgement, and increased levels of aggression and hostility (commonly referred to as roid rage). […] Longer-term adverse health effects of anabolic steroid use include liver abnormalities and disease, kidney damage, and an increased risk of heart disease. […] When they stop, people who use steroids may experience withdrawal symptoms, including: Mood swings. Fatigue. Restlessness. Loss of appetite. Insomnia. Reduced sex drive. Cravings or a strong desire for continued, compulsive use.
  • #152 What Are the Risks of Steroid Use? (for Teens) | Nemours KidsHealth
    https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/steroids.html
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (manmade) hormones that can boost the body’s ability to make muscle and prevent muscle breakdown. […] Anabolic steroids are dangerous for various reasons: […] They can cause health problems, especially when used in large doses over time. The problems may not appear until years after a person took the steroids. […] Although they might help build muscle, steroids can have very serious side effects. Using them for a long time can harm the reproductive system. In males, steroids can lead to impotence, reduced sperm production in the testicles, and even smaller testicle size. […] Females who use steroids may have problems with their menstrual cycles because steroids can disrupt the maturation and release of eggs from the ovaries. This can cause long-term problems with fertility.
  • #153 Anabolic steroid misuse
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anabolic-steroid-misuse/
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects and addiction. […] Regularly taking anabolic steroids can lead to physical and psychological changes in both men and women, as well as potentially dangerous medical conditions. […] Misusing anabolic steroids can also cause the following psychological or emotional effects: aggressive behaviour, mood swings, paranoia, manic behaviour, hallucinations and delusions. […] Anabolic steroids accelerate bone growth, so if they’re misused by adolescents who haven’t yet had the growth spurt associated with puberty, the drugs can cause premature ageing of the bones and restricted growth. […] Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking it. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #154
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #155 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    Anabolic steroids are a manufactured testosterone that is prescribed by doctors to patients to help treat conditions such as muscle loss, cancer and hormone deficiencies. A steroid addiction may occur when a user begins to abuse the drug in order to see performance-based results as the drug is typically used by male bodybuilders seeking to enhance their muscle growth. Typically, those who suffer with a steroid addiction also suffer with muscle/ body dysmorphia, exercise addiction, low self-esteem in addition to depression in some cases. […] A steroid addiction does not function in the same way as an opioid or stimulant addiction but can remain equally as addictive because of the effects the drug can have on a user’s physical appearance and self-esteem. Over time, someone with a steroid addiction can develop a tolerance for the drug meaning a higher dose of the drug is needed each use to achieve the same effect and subsequently letting the addiction grow.
  • #156 Steroid Addiction: Signs, Symptoms & Effects | Sanctuary Lodge
    https://www.sanctuarylodge.com/drug-addiction/steroids/
    Steroid addiction usually refers to a psychological dependency on AAS that causes the compulsive use of steroids despite negative consequences to health, personal life or well-being. […] The development of steroid addiction can be subtle, gradually escalating from experimental use to a perceived necessity to keep taking the drugs. […] Psychological addiction is the primary concern with steroid use, as these drugs do not usually have physically addictive properties like opioids or stimulants. However, users can still experience cravings and withdrawal symptoms, which can contribute to continued use and an ongoing cycle of steroid addiction. […] Common steroid addiction symptoms include: Obsessive behaviour related to body image or exercise, Spending excessive amounts of time and money obtaining steroids, Continuing to use steroids despite experiencing negative health effects, Secretive or deceptive behaviour regarding the use of steroids, Dependency on steroids to maintain self-esteem or confidence, Strained relationships due to behavioural changes or financial strain from purchasing steroids, Legal problems related to obtaining or using steroids, Loss of employment or academic failure due to prioritising steroid use or its effects, Steroid withdrawal symptoms such as fatigue, loss of appetite, insomnia and steroid cravings. […] If you recognise these warning signs in yourself or someone you know, professional help should be sought immediately to address the addiction and its underlying causes.
  • #157 Steroid Addiction | Signs, Symptoms & Effects | Linwood House
    https://www.linwoodhouse.co.uk/addiction/drug/steroids/
    Some people take much higher doses of steroids than a doctor would ever prescribe, thinking it will make them stronger or build muscle faster. […] Over time, your body gets used to steroids, so you need more of them to build the same amount of muscle or improve your performance. This is called tolerance, and it is a major stepping stone to steroid addiction. […] Your body then starts to rely on the steroids to function normally because they have been present in your systems for so long. If you then try to stop taking them, you might feel weak, tired, depressed or experience other steroid withdrawal symptoms. […] At this stage, steroids take complete control of your life. You spend a lot of time and money getting and using steroids and cannot stop taking them despite the obvious harm they are doing.
  • #158 Steroid Addiction | Signs & Symptoms | Rehabs UK
    https://rehabsuk.com/addictions/drug/steroid-addiction/
    Anabolic steroids are a manufactured testosterone that is prescribed by doctors to patients to help treat conditions such as muscle loss, cancer and hormone deficiencies. A steroid addiction may occur when a user begins to abuse the drug in order to see performance-based results as the drug is typically used by male bodybuilders seeking to enhance their muscle growth. Typically, those who suffer with a steroid addiction also suffer with muscle/ body dysmorphia, exercise addiction, low self-esteem in addition to depression in some cases. […] A steroid addiction does not function in the same way as an opioid or stimulant addiction but can remain equally as addictive because of the effects the drug can have on a user’s physical appearance and self-esteem. Over time, someone with a steroid addiction can develop a tolerance for the drug meaning a higher dose of the drug is needed each use to achieve the same effect and subsequently letting the addiction grow.
  • #159 What are Steroids? | Caron – Caron Treatment Centers
    https://www.caron.org/addiction-101/drug-use/what-are-steroids
    Abuse of anabolic steroids differs from the abuse of other illicit substances: initial abuse of anabolic steroids is not driven by the immediate pleasure or euphoria that motivates cocaine, heroin or marijuana use. Instead, users take steroids in order to change their physical appearances or athletic performances. […] Steroid abuse is dangerous. It can cause addiction and withdrawal upon cessation. Withdrawal symptoms include mood swings, insomnia and, most notably, severe depression (which occasionally leads to suicide attempts.) […] In the short term, abuse of anabolic steroids can lead to aggression, extreme mood swings and manic-like symptoms that may lead to violence. Additionally, users may experience extreme irritability, delusions, intense anger (roid rage), paranoid jealously and feelings of invincibility that may impair judgment.
  • #160 Anabolic Steroid Abuse Types, Use Disorder, Pills, Side Effects
    https://www.medicinenet.com/anabolic_steroid_abuse/article.htm
    Like alcohol or street drugs, the common signs of addiction may develop with the use of steroids. These include drug cravings, requiring more drugs to get the same effect, and withdrawal symptoms if someone stops the drug. The following is a statement from the National Institute of Drug Abuse concerning anabolic steroids: „An undetermined percentage of steroid abusers may become addicted to the drugs, as evidenced by their continued abuse despite physical problems and negative effects on social relations. Also, steroid abusers typically spend large amounts of time and money obtaining the drugs, which is another indication that they may be addicted. […] Individuals who abuse steroids can experience withdrawal symptoms when they stop taking steroids, such as: Mood swings, Fatigue, Restlessness, Loss of appetite, Insomnia, Reduced sex drive, Steroid cravings. The most dangerous of the withdrawal symptoms is depression because it sometimes leads to suicide attempts. If left untreated, some depressive symptoms associated with anabolic steroid withdrawal have been known to persist for a year or more after the abuser stops taking the drugs.”
  • #161 Steroid Addiction: Signs, Symptoms, Effects and Treatment
    https://hopeharborwellness.com/steroid-addiction-treatment/
    Anabolic steroid addiction affects a significant portion of those who use steroids, with approximately 32% of users becoming dependent. This type of addiction can disrupt many aspects of life, including physical and mental health, relationships, and financial stability. […] Individuals often misuse steroids to enhance fitness, build muscle quickly, and boost athletic performance. However, this can lead to a strong addiction, making it difficult for them to stop using steroids on their own. […] Continued use despite adverse effects: Individuals may continue using steroids despite experiencing negative physical or psychological effects such as: Breast growth in men, Sexual dysfunction, High blood pressure, Elevated blood fats, Heart disease, Mood swings, Severe irritability, Aggressiveness.
  • #162 Anabolic Steroid Abuse Types, Use Disorder, Pills, Side Effects
    https://www.medicinenet.com/anabolic_steroid_abuse/article.htm
    Like alcohol or street drugs, the common signs of addiction may develop with the use of steroids. These include drug cravings, requiring more drugs to get the same effect, and withdrawal symptoms if someone stops the drug. The following is a statement from the National Institute of Drug Abuse concerning anabolic steroids: „An undetermined percentage of steroid abusers may become addicted to the drugs, as evidenced by their continued abuse despite physical problems and negative effects on social relations. Also, steroid abusers typically spend large amounts of time and money obtaining the drugs, which is another indication that they may be addicted. […] Individuals who abuse steroids can experience withdrawal symptoms when they stop taking steroids, such as: Mood swings, Fatigue, Restlessness, Loss of appetite, Insomnia, Reduced sex drive, Steroid cravings. The most dangerous of the withdrawal symptoms is depression because it sometimes leads to suicide attempts. If left untreated, some depressive symptoms associated with anabolic steroid withdrawal have been known to persist for a year or more after the abuser stops taking the drugs.”
  • #163 Anabolic Steroid Abuse Types, Use Disorder, Pills, Side Effects
    https://www.medicinenet.com/anabolic_steroid_abuse/article.htm
    Like alcohol or street drugs, the common signs of addiction may develop with the use of steroids. These include drug cravings, requiring more drugs to get the same effect, and withdrawal symptoms if someone stops the drug. The following is a statement from the National Institute of Drug Abuse concerning anabolic steroids: „An undetermined percentage of steroid abusers may become addicted to the drugs, as evidenced by their continued abuse despite physical problems and negative effects on social relations. Also, steroid abusers typically spend large amounts of time and money obtaining the drugs, which is another indication that they may be addicted. […] Individuals who abuse steroids can experience withdrawal symptoms when they stop taking steroids, such as: Mood swings, Fatigue, Restlessness, Loss of appetite, Insomnia, Reduced sex drive, Steroid cravings. The most dangerous of the withdrawal symptoms is depression because it sometimes leads to suicide attempts. If left untreated, some depressive symptoms associated with anabolic steroid withdrawal have been known to persist for a year or more after the abuser stops taking the drugs.”
  • #164 Anabolic Steroid Abuse Types, Use Disorder, Pills, Side Effects
    https://www.medicinenet.com/anabolic_steroid_abuse/article.htm
    Like alcohol or street drugs, the common signs of addiction may develop with the use of steroids. These include drug cravings, requiring more drugs to get the same effect, and withdrawal symptoms if someone stops the drug. The following is a statement from the National Institute of Drug Abuse concerning anabolic steroids: „An undetermined percentage of steroid abusers may become addicted to the drugs, as evidenced by their continued abuse despite physical problems and negative effects on social relations. Also, steroid abusers typically spend large amounts of time and money obtaining the drugs, which is another indication that they may be addicted. […] Individuals who abuse steroids can experience withdrawal symptoms when they stop taking steroids, such as: Mood swings, Fatigue, Restlessness, Loss of appetite, Insomnia, Reduced sex drive, Steroid cravings. The most dangerous of the withdrawal symptoms is depression because it sometimes leads to suicide attempts. If left untreated, some depressive symptoms associated with anabolic steroid withdrawal have been known to persist for a year or more after the abuser stops taking the drugs.”
  • #165 Steroid Addiction: Signs, Symptoms, Effects and Treatment
    https://hopeharborwellness.com/steroid-addiction-treatment/
    Anabolic steroid addiction affects a significant portion of those who use steroids, with approximately 32% of users becoming dependent. This type of addiction can disrupt many aspects of life, including physical and mental health, relationships, and financial stability. […] Individuals often misuse steroids to enhance fitness, build muscle quickly, and boost athletic performance. However, this can lead to a strong addiction, making it difficult for them to stop using steroids on their own. […] Continued use despite adverse effects: Individuals may continue using steroids despite experiencing negative physical or psychological effects such as: Breast growth in men, Sexual dysfunction, High blood pressure, Elevated blood fats, Heart disease, Mood swings, Severe irritability, Aggressiveness.
  • #166 Anabolic Steroid Abuse Types, Use Disorder, Pills, Side Effects
    https://www.medicinenet.com/anabolic_steroid_abuse/article.htm
    Like alcohol or street drugs, the common signs of addiction may develop with the use of steroids. These include drug cravings, requiring more drugs to get the same effect, and withdrawal symptoms if someone stops the drug. The following is a statement from the National Institute of Drug Abuse concerning anabolic steroids: „An undetermined percentage of steroid abusers may become addicted to the drugs, as evidenced by their continued abuse despite physical problems and negative effects on social relations. Also, steroid abusers typically spend large amounts of time and money obtaining the drugs, which is another indication that they may be addicted. […] Individuals who abuse steroids can experience withdrawal symptoms when they stop taking steroids, such as: Mood swings, Fatigue, Restlessness, Loss of appetite, Insomnia, Reduced sex drive, Steroid cravings. The most dangerous of the withdrawal symptoms is depression because it sometimes leads to suicide attempts. If left untreated, some depressive symptoms associated with anabolic steroid withdrawal have been known to persist for a year or more after the abuser stops taking the drugs.”
  • #167 Are Steroids Addictive? Signs, Symptoms & Treatment
    https://www.columbusrecoverycenter.com/resources/ohio-residents-ask-are-anabolic-steroids-addictive/
    In terms of psychological addiction to steroids, users can actually mistakenly believe that their bodies look deformed when steroid use stops. They may feel as though they are fat, weak, and muscularly inferior, even if they are not. […] The following are signs of an addiction to steroids: Consistently requiring more and more steroids to achieve the desired effects, Withdrawal symptoms such as those listed above, Taking steroids in an effort to alleviate withdrawal symptoms, Foregoing other activities in favor of using steroids and working out to continuously build more muscle. […] If you or any of your loved one are exhibiting any one of the above signs, steroid addiction might be a problem.
  • #168 Steroid Addiction: Signs, Symptoms, Effects and Treatment
    https://hopeharborwellness.com/steroid-addiction-treatment/
    Anabolic steroid addiction affects a significant portion of those who use steroids, with approximately 32% of users becoming dependent. This type of addiction can disrupt many aspects of life, including physical and mental health, relationships, and financial stability. […] Individuals often misuse steroids to enhance fitness, build muscle quickly, and boost athletic performance. However, this can lead to a strong addiction, making it difficult for them to stop using steroids on their own. […] Continued use despite adverse effects: Individuals may continue using steroids despite experiencing negative physical or psychological effects such as: Breast growth in men, Sexual dysfunction, High blood pressure, Elevated blood fats, Heart disease, Mood swings, Severe irritability, Aggressiveness.
  • #169 Steroid Addiction | Signs, Symptoms & Effects | Linwood House
    https://www.linwoodhouse.co.uk/addiction/drug/steroids/
    Recognising steroid addiction can be tough, particularly if you are pleased with the results so dont want to accept that you are being harmed. However, here are some signs that can help you know if you’ve crossed the line into addiction: You are finding it really hard or impossible to stop using steroids even if you want to quit. […] You have developed a tolerance, so you are taking more steroids now than when you started. […] You are still using steroids even though you know they are causing health issues, arguments with family or friends or other problems in your life. […] Steroid addiction can cause major relationship problems, poor school or job performance and big financial and legal problems. […] Not everyone who uses steroids develops a steroid addiction, but here are some factors which can increase the chances: People with mental health issues, like depression or anxiety, might use steroids to feel better, which can quickly lead to steroid addiction. […] Steroid addiction is treated in three main steps: drug detox, rehab and aftercare. Detox is the first step where you stop using steroids under a doctors care to help manage the resulting withdrawal symptoms.
  • #170 Anabolic Steroid Addiction , Abuse Symptoms, Side Effects, Treatment
    https://balancerehabclinic.com/anabolic-steroid-addiction/
    It is observed that addiction to steroids is prevalent in individuals who are struggling with body dysmorphia also called bigorexia that is a condition in which an individual loses self-esteem and finds their body size small and inadequate. […] Individuals who are fitness enthusiasts, gym freaks which may include physical trainers and pro athletes, and people who have undergone sexual abuse are all at an increased risk of developing an addiction to steroids. […] The symptoms of anabolic steroid abuse include: A sudden increase in lean mass in individuals hints towards steroid use, Track marks due to the administration of steroids through injection, Bottles of pills lying in their gym bag, Sudden breakout of acne, Having oily skin and hair, A peculiar odor from the use of steroid creams, Forgetful about events, Long hours in the gym, Sudden urge to work out, Experience cravings for steroid, Being irritable and aggressive, Being secretive and attending private phone calls, Facing hair loss, Poor decision making, Frequent mood swings.
  • #171 Steroid Addiction | Signs, Symptoms & Effects | Linwood House
    https://www.linwoodhouse.co.uk/addiction/drug/steroids/
    Recognising steroid addiction can be tough, particularly if you are pleased with the results so dont want to accept that you are being harmed. However, here are some signs that can help you know if you’ve crossed the line into addiction: You are finding it really hard or impossible to stop using steroids even if you want to quit. […] You have developed a tolerance, so you are taking more steroids now than when you started. […] You are still using steroids even though you know they are causing health issues, arguments with family or friends or other problems in your life. […] Steroid addiction can cause major relationship problems, poor school or job performance and big financial and legal problems. […] Not everyone who uses steroids develops a steroid addiction, but here are some factors which can increase the chances: People with mental health issues, like depression or anxiety, might use steroids to feel better, which can quickly lead to steroid addiction. […] Steroid addiction is treated in three main steps: drug detox, rehab and aftercare. Detox is the first step where you stop using steroids under a doctors care to help manage the resulting withdrawal symptoms.
  • #172 Anabolic Steroid Addiction , Abuse Symptoms, Side Effects, Treatment
    https://balancerehabclinic.com/anabolic-steroid-addiction/
    It is observed that addiction to steroids is prevalent in individuals who are struggling with body dysmorphia also called bigorexia that is a condition in which an individual loses self-esteem and finds their body size small and inadequate. […] Individuals who are fitness enthusiasts, gym freaks which may include physical trainers and pro athletes, and people who have undergone sexual abuse are all at an increased risk of developing an addiction to steroids. […] The symptoms of anabolic steroid abuse include: A sudden increase in lean mass in individuals hints towards steroid use, Track marks due to the administration of steroids through injection, Bottles of pills lying in their gym bag, Sudden breakout of acne, Having oily skin and hair, A peculiar odor from the use of steroid creams, Forgetful about events, Long hours in the gym, Sudden urge to work out, Experience cravings for steroid, Being irritable and aggressive, Being secretive and attending private phone calls, Facing hair loss, Poor decision making, Frequent mood swings.
  • #173 Anabolic Steroid Addiction And Abuse
    https://www.addictioncenter.com/stimulants/steroids/
    People taking steroids may also develop a tolerance to the drugs and experience withdrawal symptoms such as low sex drive, loss of appetite, mood swings, fatigue, insomnia, and depression when they stop taking them. […] People who take steroids for a prolonged period of time disrupt natural hormonal balances in their bodies. When someone addicted to steroids suddenly stops taking the drugs, they can become depressed and even suicidal due to these hormonal imbalances. […] The obsessive-compulsive behavior to keep using anabolic steroids often begins when the steroids improve physical appearance and strength in a short amount of time, which may eventually result in an addiction developing. […] Individuals with a history of SUDs are at a higher risk of abusing anabolic steroids. […] Some other signs of an addiction include: Spending large amounts of time and money getting or using steroids, failing to cut back on use despite repeated attempts, ignoring responsibilities at work or at home, continuing to use steroids despite physical side effects like hair loss, having persistent issues with friends and family, experiencing severe depression as a result of withdrawal.
  • #174 Anabolic Steroid Addiction , Abuse Symptoms, Side Effects, Treatment
    https://balancerehabclinic.com/anabolic-steroid-addiction/
    It is observed that addiction to steroids is prevalent in individuals who are struggling with body dysmorphia also called bigorexia that is a condition in which an individual loses self-esteem and finds their body size small and inadequate. […] Individuals who are fitness enthusiasts, gym freaks which may include physical trainers and pro athletes, and people who have undergone sexual abuse are all at an increased risk of developing an addiction to steroids. […] The symptoms of anabolic steroid abuse include: A sudden increase in lean mass in individuals hints towards steroid use, Track marks due to the administration of steroids through injection, Bottles of pills lying in their gym bag, Sudden breakout of acne, Having oily skin and hair, A peculiar odor from the use of steroid creams, Forgetful about events, Long hours in the gym, Sudden urge to work out, Experience cravings for steroid, Being irritable and aggressive, Being secretive and attending private phone calls, Facing hair loss, Poor decision making, Frequent mood swings.
  • #175 Anabolic Steroid Addiction , Abuse Symptoms, Side Effects, Treatment
    https://balancerehabclinic.com/anabolic-steroid-addiction/
    It is observed that addiction to steroids is prevalent in individuals who are struggling with body dysmorphia also called bigorexia that is a condition in which an individual loses self-esteem and finds their body size small and inadequate. […] Individuals who are fitness enthusiasts, gym freaks which may include physical trainers and pro athletes, and people who have undergone sexual abuse are all at an increased risk of developing an addiction to steroids. […] The symptoms of anabolic steroid abuse include: A sudden increase in lean mass in individuals hints towards steroid use, Track marks due to the administration of steroids through injection, Bottles of pills lying in their gym bag, Sudden breakout of acne, Having oily skin and hair, A peculiar odor from the use of steroid creams, Forgetful about events, Long hours in the gym, Sudden urge to work out, Experience cravings for steroid, Being irritable and aggressive, Being secretive and attending private phone calls, Facing hair loss, Poor decision making, Frequent mood swings.
  • #176 Anabolic Steroids and Other Appearance and Performance Enhancing Drugs (APEDs) | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
    https://nida.nih.gov/research-topics/anabolic-steroids
    Symptoms of dependence can include tolerance, which is needing to take more steroids to achieve the same effects. Another indicator of dependence is withdrawal once anabolic steroid use stops. Withdrawal symptoms can include fatigue, restlessness, loss of appetite, insomnia, reduced sex drive, and steroid cravings. The most dangerous of the withdrawal symptoms is depression, because it sometimes leads to suicide attempts.
  • #177 Treatments for people who use anabolic androgenic steroids: a scoping review | Harm Reduction Journal | Full Text
    https://harmreductionjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12954-019-0343-1
    A growing body of evidence suggests that anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are used globally by a diverse population with varying motivations. […] Studies predominantly focussed on treatments for harms associated with AAS use, with scant evidence on interventions to support cessation of AAS use or responding to dependence. […] A body of research has discussed the risk of developing AAS dependence and it is estimated that up to 30% of AAS users may develop dependence, characterised by the simultaneous use of multiple AAS in large doses over long periods of time. […] Long-term use of AAS at high doses may lead to the development of a range of withdrawal symptoms following cessation, including depression, insomnia, suicidal ideation and fatigue, which may persist for many months. […] Withdrawal is characterised by psychiatric and neuroendocrine symptoms, with the user ultimately re-initiating AAS to alleviate or avoid their onset.
  • #178 Anabolic steroid misuse
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anabolic-steroid-misuse/
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects and addiction. […] Regularly taking anabolic steroids can lead to physical and psychological changes in both men and women, as well as potentially dangerous medical conditions. […] Misusing anabolic steroids can also cause the following psychological or emotional effects: aggressive behaviour, mood swings, paranoia, manic behaviour, hallucinations and delusions. […] Anabolic steroids accelerate bone growth, so if they’re misused by adolescents who haven’t yet had the growth spurt associated with puberty, the drugs can cause premature ageing of the bones and restricted growth. […] Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking it. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #179
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #180
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #181
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #182
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #183
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #184
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #185 Steroid Addiction: Symptoms, Causes, Risk, Treatment and Prevention – Better Life Recovery
    https://www.betterliferecovery.com/addiction/physical/steroid-abuse/
    The withdrawal symptoms of steroid addiction is challenging and comprises severe fatigue, loss of appetite, insomnia, muscle and joint pain, decreased sex drive, headaches, nausea and vomiting, and weakness. […] The psychological symptoms include depression, anxiety, mood swings, restlessness, cravings for steroids, irritability, and difficulty concentrating.
  • #186 Steroid Addiction: Symptoms, Causes, Risk, Treatment and Prevention – Better Life Recovery
    https://www.betterliferecovery.com/addiction/physical/steroid-abuse/
    The withdrawal symptoms of steroid addiction is challenging and comprises severe fatigue, loss of appetite, insomnia, muscle and joint pain, decreased sex drive, headaches, nausea and vomiting, and weakness. […] The psychological symptoms include depression, anxiety, mood swings, restlessness, cravings for steroids, irritability, and difficulty concentrating.
  • #187 Anabolic steroid misuse
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/anabolic-steroid-misuse/
    Anabolic steroids can cause serious side effects and addiction. […] Regularly taking anabolic steroids can lead to physical and psychological changes in both men and women, as well as potentially dangerous medical conditions. […] Misusing anabolic steroids can also cause the following psychological or emotional effects: aggressive behaviour, mood swings, paranoia, manic behaviour, hallucinations and delusions. […] Anabolic steroids accelerate bone growth, so if they’re misused by adolescents who haven’t yet had the growth spurt associated with puberty, the drugs can cause premature ageing of the bones and restricted growth. […] Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking it. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #188
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #189
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #190
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #191
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #192
    https://111.wales.nhs.uk/anabolicsteroidabuse/
    Anabolic steroids are addictive. This means you can crave the drug, require more to get the same effect, and have withdrawal symptoms if you suddenly stop taking them. […] A person who is addicted to anabolic steroids will want to keep using them despite experiencing unpleasant physical side effects. […] Coming off anabolic steroids suddenly can result in withdrawal symptoms that include: depression and apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased sex drive, extreme tiredness (fatigue), headaches, muscle and joint pain.
  • #193 Steroid Addiction: Symptoms, Causes, Risk, Treatment and Prevention – Better Life Recovery
    https://www.betterliferecovery.com/addiction/physical/steroid-abuse/
    The withdrawal symptoms of steroid addiction is challenging and comprises severe fatigue, loss of appetite, insomnia, muscle and joint pain, decreased sex drive, headaches, nausea and vomiting, and weakness. […] The psychological symptoms include depression, anxiety, mood swings, restlessness, cravings for steroids, irritability, and difficulty concentrating.
  • #194 Steroid Addiction: Symptoms, Causes, Risk, Treatment and Prevention – Better Life Recovery
    https://www.betterliferecovery.com/addiction/physical/steroid-abuse/
    The withdrawal symptoms of steroid addiction is challenging and comprises severe fatigue, loss of appetite, insomnia, muscle and joint pain, decreased sex drive, headaches, nausea and vomiting, and weakness. […] The psychological symptoms include depression, anxiety, mood swings, restlessness, cravings for steroids, irritability, and difficulty concentrating.
  • #195 Steroid Addiction: Symptoms, Causes, Risk, Treatment and Prevention – Better Life Recovery
    https://www.betterliferecovery.com/addiction/physical/steroid-abuse/
    The withdrawal symptoms of steroid addiction is challenging and comprises severe fatigue, loss of appetite, insomnia, muscle and joint pain, decreased sex drive, headaches, nausea and vomiting, and weakness. […] The psychological symptoms include depression, anxiety, mood swings, restlessness, cravings for steroids, irritability, and difficulty concentrating.
  • #196 Steroid Addiction: Symptoms, Causes, Risk, Treatment and Prevention – Better Life Recovery
    https://www.betterliferecovery.com/addiction/physical/steroid-abuse/
    The withdrawal symptoms of steroid addiction is challenging and comprises severe fatigue, loss of appetite, insomnia, muscle and joint pain, decreased sex drive, headaches, nausea and vomiting, and weakness. […] The psychological symptoms include depression, anxiety, mood swings, restlessness, cravings for steroids, irritability, and difficulty concentrating.
  • #197 Steroid Addiction: Symptoms, Causes, Risk, Treatment and Prevention – Better Life Recovery
    https://www.betterliferecovery.com/addiction/physical/steroid-abuse/
    The withdrawal symptoms of steroid addiction is challenging and comprises severe fatigue, loss of appetite, insomnia, muscle and joint pain, decreased sex drive, headaches, nausea and vomiting, and weakness. […] The psychological symptoms include depression, anxiety, mood swings, restlessness, cravings for steroids, irritability, and difficulty concentrating.
  • #198 Anabolic Steroids and Other Appearance and Performance Enhancing Drugs (APEDs) | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
    https://nida.nih.gov/research-topics/anabolic-steroids
    Symptoms of dependence can include tolerance, which is needing to take more steroids to achieve the same effects. Another indicator of dependence is withdrawal once anabolic steroid use stops. Withdrawal symptoms can include fatigue, restlessness, loss of appetite, insomnia, reduced sex drive, and steroid cravings. The most dangerous of the withdrawal symptoms is depression, because it sometimes leads to suicide attempts.
  • #199 Anabolic Steroids: Mental Health Effects, Use, and Misuse
    https://www.verywellmind.com/steroids-abuse-faq-69354
    One of the most serious withdrawal symptoms associated with stopping steroid use is depression because it can sometimes lead to a suicide attempt. […] Research reveals that if untreated, depression associated with anabolic steroid withdrawal can persist for a year or longer after the use of the drug stops. […] The negative effects linked to anabolic steroid misuse can range from those that are mildly annoying to those that can be life-threatening. […] Most of the effects of using anabolic steroids are reversible when the person stops using the drugs, but some can be permanent. […] The prevalence of life-threatening effects of steroid misuse seems to be very low from case studies, but serious adverse effects may be underreported and underrecognized because they sometimes do not appear until years later.
  • #200 Anabolic Steroids: Mental Health Effects, Use, and Misuse
    https://www.verywellmind.com/steroids-abuse-faq-69354
    One of the most serious withdrawal symptoms associated with stopping steroid use is depression because it can sometimes lead to a suicide attempt. […] Research reveals that if untreated, depression associated with anabolic steroid withdrawal can persist for a year or longer after the use of the drug stops. […] The negative effects linked to anabolic steroid misuse can range from those that are mildly annoying to those that can be life-threatening. […] Most of the effects of using anabolic steroids are reversible when the person stops using the drugs, but some can be permanent. […] The prevalence of life-threatening effects of steroid misuse seems to be very low from case studies, but serious adverse effects may be underreported and underrecognized because they sometimes do not appear until years later.
  • #201 Anabolic androgenic steroids: what the psychiatrist needs to know | Advances in Psychiatric Treatment | Cambridge Core
    https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/advances-in-psychiatric-treatment/article/anabolic-androgenic-steroids-what-the-psychiatrist-needs-to-know/38A5531F66EE651A75DFB4EB5FB8962F
    They identified 5 participants (12.2%) who met the criteria for a manic episode during steroid exposure; a further 8 (19.5%) only narrowly missed the diagnosis. […] Significantly more participants developed a full affective syndrome during periods of steroid exposure than non-exposure, and 10 were stacking when they experienced manic symptoms. […] Symptoms of steroid withdrawal include mood disorders (with suicidal depression as the most life-threatening complication), apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty in concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased libido, fatigue, headache, and muscle and joint pain. […] It is often difficult to distinguish symptoms that are due to neuronal rebound in withdrawal from those that can be said to be psychological in origin. […] Observing oneself to lose muscle mass, strength, performance and confidence after cessation of steroid use has a powerful negative effect on mood, and this may lead to a strong desire to take steroids again.
  • #202 Treatments for people who use anabolic androgenic steroids: a scoping review | Harm Reduction Journal | Full Text
    https://harmreductionjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12954-019-0343-1
    Supporting discontinuation may require a multidisciplinary approach with input from health professionals such as a GP, addiction specialist, psychiatrist and endocrinologist. […] Symptoms of hypogonadism may be behind the withdrawal experiences of people with a dependence on AAS. […] The limited evidence here shows that positive outcomes are consistently reported in the treatment of men suffering with neuroendocrine disorders following AAS cessation. […] There was, however, limited evidence of engagement with users regarding their AAS use as part of their more general treatment. […] No form of harm reduction interventions were initiated alongside or following any treatments provided. […] Continued encouragement and monitoring of psychiatric and physiological complications is recommended for those who are not prepared to consider discontinuation. […] Despite the large number of articles identified, the evidence base consists of case reports of predominantly treatment of physiological harms and there is scarce evidence on treating dependence, managing withdrawal, or initiating behaviour change in users in any settings.
  • #203 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    When you stop steroid misuse or abuse, it takes your body weeks to months to get back to making its own testosterone. […] Steroid abusers show signs of addiction, like withdrawal, cravings and loss of control. […] Psychological dependence on steroids and the effects of withdrawal (headache, tiredness, nausea, muscle pain, restlessness, poor sleep, low mood, low sex drive, body dysmorphia and suicidal thoughts) make it difficult to stop steroid abuse. […] Stopping is necessary if you want to have children or if you develop health problems caused by abuse or misuse.
  • #204 Treatments for people who use anabolic androgenic steroids: a scoping review | Harm Reduction Journal | Full Text
    https://harmreductionjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12954-019-0343-1
    Supporting discontinuation may require a multidisciplinary approach with input from health professionals such as a GP, addiction specialist, psychiatrist and endocrinologist. […] Symptoms of hypogonadism may be behind the withdrawal experiences of people with a dependence on AAS. […] The limited evidence here shows that positive outcomes are consistently reported in the treatment of men suffering with neuroendocrine disorders following AAS cessation. […] There was, however, limited evidence of engagement with users regarding their AAS use as part of their more general treatment. […] No form of harm reduction interventions were initiated alongside or following any treatments provided. […] Continued encouragement and monitoring of psychiatric and physiological complications is recommended for those who are not prepared to consider discontinuation. […] Despite the large number of articles identified, the evidence base consists of case reports of predominantly treatment of physiological harms and there is scarce evidence on treating dependence, managing withdrawal, or initiating behaviour change in users in any settings.
  • #205 Anabolic Steroid Addiction And Abuse
    https://www.addictioncenter.com/stimulants/steroids/
    Once a person, especially a man, stops a steroid cycle, a condition called estrogen rebound may develop. It results in the production and release of the female hormone estrogen at rapid, elevated levels. Side effects of estrogen rebound include symptoms of depression. The larger the dosage of anabolic steroids and the longer the duration of their abuse, the more severe the symptoms of estrogen rebound will be.
  • #206 Anabolic androgenic steroids: what the psychiatrist needs to know | Advances in Psychiatric Treatment | Cambridge Core
    https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/advances-in-psychiatric-treatment/article/anabolic-androgenic-steroids-what-the-psychiatrist-needs-to-know/38A5531F66EE651A75DFB4EB5FB8962F
    They identified 5 participants (12.2%) who met the criteria for a manic episode during steroid exposure; a further 8 (19.5%) only narrowly missed the diagnosis. […] Significantly more participants developed a full affective syndrome during periods of steroid exposure than non-exposure, and 10 were stacking when they experienced manic symptoms. […] Symptoms of steroid withdrawal include mood disorders (with suicidal depression as the most life-threatening complication), apathy, feelings of anxiety, difficulty in concentrating, insomnia, anorexia, decreased libido, fatigue, headache, and muscle and joint pain. […] It is often difficult to distinguish symptoms that are due to neuronal rebound in withdrawal from those that can be said to be psychological in origin. […] Observing oneself to lose muscle mass, strength, performance and confidence after cessation of steroid use has a powerful negative effect on mood, and this may lead to a strong desire to take steroids again.
  • #207 Anabolic Steroids: Effects, Risks, and Long-Term Impact
    https://recovered.org/stimulants/anabolic-steroids
    Long-term steroid use is also strongly associated with other substance abuse, including cocaine, injectable drugs, and marijuana. […] Long-term steroid use can lead to impulsive and aggressive behavior, which may put them at increased risk of accidental or violent death. […] The effects of long-term AAS use are considerably more negative, which is one reason why many steroid users will alternate between periods of use and abstinence, recognizing the need to reduce the strain on their bodies. […] Anabolic steroids are harmful to the cardiovascular system, leading to high blood pressure and increased risk of blood clots, stroke, and a 2.9 times increased risk of non-ischemic heart disease. […] Because steroids are frequently injected, many steroid users also risk adverse consequences from sharing needles, such as hepatitis or HIV.
  • #208 Steroid Drug Addiction Treatment & Rehab Center in Illinois
    https://www.gatewayfoundation.org/what-we-treat/drug-abuse-treatment/steroid-addiction/
    Physical changes from steroid misuse might be the easiest to spot since theyre often difficult to conceal. The physical changes can manifest after just a short period of use, including: […] Many people struggling with addiction continue taking steroids despite the changes to their physical appearance or energy levels. […] Individuals might lie to access more medication or become secretive about their whereabouts while trying to conceal their addiction. […] People who take steroids for a prolonged time can experience disruptions in their bodys natural hormonal balances. When they stop taking the drugs, they may become depressed or suicidal due to these hormonal imbalances. […] Anabolic steroid misuse is also associated with major mood disorders like hypomania, mania and depression. Take note of any extreme mood changes like paranoia, hallucinations or illogical thinking that affect their daily functioning.
  • #209 Anabolic Steroids: Effects, Risks, and Long-Term Impact
    https://recovered.org/stimulants/anabolic-steroids
    Long-term steroid use is also strongly associated with other substance abuse, including cocaine, injectable drugs, and marijuana. […] Long-term steroid use can lead to impulsive and aggressive behavior, which may put them at increased risk of accidental or violent death. […] The effects of long-term AAS use are considerably more negative, which is one reason why many steroid users will alternate between periods of use and abstinence, recognizing the need to reduce the strain on their bodies. […] Anabolic steroids are harmful to the cardiovascular system, leading to high blood pressure and increased risk of blood clots, stroke, and a 2.9 times increased risk of non-ischemic heart disease. […] Because steroids are frequently injected, many steroid users also risk adverse consequences from sharing needles, such as hepatitis or HIV.
  • #210 Anabolic steroid use disorder – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice US
    https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/987
    Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS; also known as anabolic steroid) use is the illicit use of testosterone derivatives to improve athletic performance and/or to increase lean body mass and muscle size. […] Users take other drugs to minimize the unwanted effects of AASs, or to mask their use. […] Cardiac complications are the major cause of sudden and premature death. […] Key diagnostic factors include increased weight gain and muscular build, increased appetite, consumption of nutritional supplements, use of other drugs to counteract adverse effects of AAS use, aggression and mood swings, gynecomastia, hirsutism, voice pitch alterations, clitoral hypertrophy, and testicular atrophy. […] Other diagnostic factors include acne and/or oily skin, temporal hairline recession/male pattern baldness, striae or keloids, menstrual irregularities, changes in libido, erectile dysfunction, infertility, premature masculinization/feminization (adolescents), cognitive impairment, short stature (adolescents), and needle marks.
  • #211 Anabolic Steroids: Effects, Risks, and Long-Term Impact
    https://recovered.org/stimulants/anabolic-steroids
    Long-term steroid use is also strongly associated with other substance abuse, including cocaine, injectable drugs, and marijuana. […] Long-term steroid use can lead to impulsive and aggressive behavior, which may put them at increased risk of accidental or violent death. […] The effects of long-term AAS use are considerably more negative, which is one reason why many steroid users will alternate between periods of use and abstinence, recognizing the need to reduce the strain on their bodies. […] Anabolic steroids are harmful to the cardiovascular system, leading to high blood pressure and increased risk of blood clots, stroke, and a 2.9 times increased risk of non-ischemic heart disease. […] Because steroids are frequently injected, many steroid users also risk adverse consequences from sharing needles, such as hepatitis or HIV.
  • #212 Steroid Addiction: Signs, Symptoms, Effects and Treatment
    https://hopeharborwellness.com/steroid-addiction-treatment/
    Psychological Effects: Increased aggression and irritability, Manic behaviors, Delusional thoughts, Proneness to violent outbursts, Co-occurring alcohol use disorder, Depression. […] Recognizing these side effects can be crucial for identifying steroid misuse in a loved one. If you notice any of these changes, it may be a sign of anabolic steroid abuse. Early intervention is key to preventing more severe health consequences and addressing any underlying issues, including substance abuse disorders.
  • #213 Anabolic androgenic steroid abuse in young males in: Endocrine Connections Volume 9 Issue 4 (2020)
    https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/9/4/EC-19-0557.xml
    Some studies indicate that AAS abuse may have detrimental effects that persist long after AAS abuse has ended or may even be permanent. […] A considerable number of (former) AAS abusers seeking help have mental problems. […] If symptoms persist for more than 3 months after the last injection, testing for plasma testosterone and gonadotrophins is warranted. […] If testosterone levels are not very low and symptoms are well tolerated, waiting for spontaneous recovery of the HPG axis is advised.
  • #214 Anabolic Steroids: What They Are, Uses, Side Effects & Risks
    https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/5521-anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroid misuse is common. Misusing anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health. Anabolic steroid misuse is often associated with a form of body dysmorphic disorder called muscle dysmorphia. The main reason people misuse anabolic steroids is to increase lean muscle mass when using them in conjunction with weight training. Misuse of anabolic steroids can cause a variety of side effects ranging from mild to harmful or even life-threatening. Most side effects are reversible if you stop taking the drugs, but others may be permanent. Nonprescription doses are often 10 to 100 times higher than the doses healthcare providers prescribe to treat medical conditions. This is why the side effects are usually more severe than the side effects of prescribed anabolic steroid use. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse for anyone include: High blood pressure. Blood clots. Heart issues, including heart attack. Stroke. Liver damage. Short stature (if you’re an adolescent). Severe acne and cysts. Male-pattern baldness. Aggression. Mania. Delusions. Major depressive disorder. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in men include: Decreased sperm production. Enlarged breasts. Decrease in testicle size. Increased risk of testicular cancer. Side effects and complications of anabolic steroid misuse in women include: Voice deepening. Decreased breast size. Excessive body hair growth. Misuse of anabolic steroids can be harmful to your health.
  • #215 Steroid Addiction: Signs, Symptoms, Effects and Treatment
    https://hopeharborwellness.com/steroid-addiction-treatment/
    Psychological Effects: Increased aggression and irritability, Manic behaviors, Delusional thoughts, Proneness to violent outbursts, Co-occurring alcohol use disorder, Depression. […] Recognizing these side effects can be crucial for identifying steroid misuse in a loved one. If you notice any of these changes, it may be a sign of anabolic steroid abuse. Early intervention is key to preventing more severe health consequences and addressing any underlying issues, including substance abuse disorders.
  • #216 The Endocrine Society
    https://www.healio.com/news/endocrinology/20240603/mental-health-sexual-function-worsen-for-men-in-first-year-of-quitting-steroids
    Quitting steroids exacerbated existing poor mental health. Depression scores were tripled for recent quitters with vs. without a psychiatric diagnosis (OR = 3.04; 95% CI, 1.72-5.38; P .001), whereas a psychiatric diagnosis was associated with doubled depression scores for current steroid users (OR = 2.04; 95% CI, 1.34-3.09; P = .001). […] Men who quit steroids in the past year also had higher anxiety scores (GAD-7 = 2; 95% CI, 1-3) compared with those who had never used steroids (GAD-7 = 1; 95% CI, 0-2; P = .035). […] We dont actually know how long [men who stop using steroids] experience symptoms of depression and sexual function, Grant told Healio. More studies need to be done, but ultimately support [for men quitting steroids] is going to look like something that addresses the hormone loss, but a big part is going to be whats addressed in the psychiatric aspects, so its probably going to be a joint treatment between physicians and psychiatrists.
  • #217 Anabolic Steroid Addiction: Signs, Symptoms & Treatments
    https://healthyliferecovery.com/understanding-anabolic-steroid-addiction/
    Anabolic steroid addiction is more common among men, but women can still be affected. Furthermore, anabolic steroid abuse is increasingly common among young people, with 375,000 young men and 175,000 young women having used anabolic steroids at least once in their lives. […] Because anabolic steroid addiction develops gradually over time, it is not an easy condition to identify. However, there are certain signs and symptoms that may indicate an individual is struggling with an addiction to steroids. […] Physical signs of steroid addiction include: acne, bloating of the face or body, changes in appearance such as rapid weight gain or loss, swollen breasts (in men), thinning hair, insomnia, joint pain, high blood pressure, liver damage, kidney failure, increased aggression. […] Not all symptoms of anabolic steroid addiction are physical. Some are psychological. However, psychological signs of steroid addiction can be more difficult to diagnose as they often manifest internally in the form of mood swings and mental health complications like depression and anxiety.
  • #218 Anabolic–androgenic steroid use is associated with psychopathy, risk-taking, anger, and physical problems | Scientific Reports
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-13048-w
    Bodybuilders with a prior history of AAS use exhibited heightened odds of psychopathic traits, sexual and substance use risk-taking behaviors, anger problems, and physical problems compared to those with no prior history of AAS use. […] As dosage increases, AAS users may become impulsive, moody, aggressive, or even violent. […] AAS users had over twice the odds of exhibiting psychopathic traits, over three times the odds of engaging in substance use risk-taking behaviors, nearly twice the odds of engaging in sexual risk-taking behaviors, nearly twice the odds of experiencing anger problems, and over twice the odds of exhibiting physical problems compared to AAS nonusers. […] AAS nonusers who considered AAS use had higher odds of psychopathic traits, substance use risk-taking, sexual risk-taking, anger problems, emotional stability problems, depressive symptoms, and impulsivity symptoms compared to AAS nonusers who never considered using. […] Increased psychopathic traits in AAS users may serve as the underlying mechanism to predict increased anger problems.
  • #219 Anabolic–androgenic steroid use is associated with psychopathy, risk-taking, anger, and physical problems | Scientific Reports
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-13048-w
    Bodybuilders with a prior history of AAS use exhibited heightened odds of psychopathic traits, sexual and substance use risk-taking behaviors, anger problems, and physical problems compared to those with no prior history of AAS use. […] As dosage increases, AAS users may become impulsive, moody, aggressive, or even violent. […] AAS users had over twice the odds of exhibiting psychopathic traits, over three times the odds of engaging in substance use risk-taking behaviors, nearly twice the odds of engaging in sexual risk-taking behaviors, nearly twice the odds of experiencing anger problems, and over twice the odds of exhibiting physical problems compared to AAS nonusers. […] AAS nonusers who considered AAS use had higher odds of psychopathic traits, substance use risk-taking, sexual risk-taking, anger problems, emotional stability problems, depressive symptoms, and impulsivity symptoms compared to AAS nonusers who never considered using. […] Increased psychopathic traits in AAS users may serve as the underlying mechanism to predict increased anger problems.
  • #220 Anabolic–androgenic steroid use is associated with psychopathy, risk-taking, anger, and physical problems | Scientific Reports
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-13048-w
    Bodybuilders with a prior history of AAS use exhibited heightened odds of psychopathic traits, sexual and substance use risk-taking behaviors, anger problems, and physical problems compared to those with no prior history of AAS use. […] As dosage increases, AAS users may become impulsive, moody, aggressive, or even violent. […] AAS users had over twice the odds of exhibiting psychopathic traits, over three times the odds of engaging in substance use risk-taking behaviors, nearly twice the odds of engaging in sexual risk-taking behaviors, nearly twice the odds of experiencing anger problems, and over twice the odds of exhibiting physical problems compared to AAS nonusers. […] AAS nonusers who considered AAS use had higher odds of psychopathic traits, substance use risk-taking, sexual risk-taking, anger problems, emotional stability problems, depressive symptoms, and impulsivity symptoms compared to AAS nonusers who never considered using. […] Increased psychopathic traits in AAS users may serve as the underlying mechanism to predict increased anger problems.
  • #221 Anabolic–androgenic steroid use is associated with psychopathy, risk-taking, anger, and physical problems | Scientific Reports
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-13048-w
    Bodybuilders with a prior history of AAS use exhibited heightened odds of psychopathic traits, sexual and substance use risk-taking behaviors, anger problems, and physical problems compared to those with no prior history of AAS use. […] As dosage increases, AAS users may become impulsive, moody, aggressive, or even violent. […] AAS users had over twice the odds of exhibiting psychopathic traits, over three times the odds of engaging in substance use risk-taking behaviors, nearly twice the odds of engaging in sexual risk-taking behaviors, nearly twice the odds of experiencing anger problems, and over twice the odds of exhibiting physical problems compared to AAS nonusers. […] AAS nonusers who considered AAS use had higher odds of psychopathic traits, substance use risk-taking, sexual risk-taking, anger problems, emotional stability problems, depressive symptoms, and impulsivity symptoms compared to AAS nonusers who never considered using. […] Increased psychopathic traits in AAS users may serve as the underlying mechanism to predict increased anger problems.
  • #222 Anabolic–androgenic steroid use is associated with psychopathy, risk-taking, anger, and physical problems | Scientific Reports
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-13048-w
    Bodybuilders with a prior history of AAS use exhibited heightened odds of psychopathic traits, sexual and substance use risk-taking behaviors, anger problems, and physical problems compared to those with no prior history of AAS use. […] As dosage increases, AAS users may become impulsive, moody, aggressive, or even violent. […] AAS users had over twice the odds of exhibiting psychopathic traits, over three times the odds of engaging in substance use risk-taking behaviors, nearly twice the odds of engaging in sexual risk-taking behaviors, nearly twice the odds of experiencing anger problems, and over twice the odds of exhibiting physical problems compared to AAS nonusers. […] AAS nonusers who considered AAS use had higher odds of psychopathic traits, substance use risk-taking, sexual risk-taking, anger problems, emotional stability problems, depressive symptoms, and impulsivity symptoms compared to AAS nonusers who never considered using. […] Increased psychopathic traits in AAS users may serve as the underlying mechanism to predict increased anger problems.
  • #223 Anabolic–androgenic steroid use is associated with psychopathy, risk-taking, anger, and physical problems | Scientific Reports
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-13048-w
    Bodybuilders with a prior history of AAS use exhibited heightened odds of psychopathic traits, sexual and substance use risk-taking behaviors, anger problems, and physical problems compared to those with no prior history of AAS use. […] As dosage increases, AAS users may become impulsive, moody, aggressive, or even violent. […] AAS users had over twice the odds of exhibiting psychopathic traits, over three times the odds of engaging in substance use risk-taking behaviors, nearly twice the odds of engaging in sexual risk-taking behaviors, nearly twice the odds of experiencing anger problems, and over twice the odds of exhibiting physical problems compared to AAS nonusers. […] AAS nonusers who considered AAS use had higher odds of psychopathic traits, substance use risk-taking, sexual risk-taking, anger problems, emotional stability problems, depressive symptoms, and impulsivity symptoms compared to AAS nonusers who never considered using. […] Increased psychopathic traits in AAS users may serve as the underlying mechanism to predict increased anger problems.
  • #224 Anabolic–androgenic steroid use is associated with psychopathy, risk-taking, anger, and physical problems | Scientific Reports
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-13048-w
    Bodybuilders with a prior history of AAS use exhibited heightened odds of psychopathic traits, sexual and substance use risk-taking behaviors, anger problems, and physical problems compared to those with no prior history of AAS use. […] As dosage increases, AAS users may become impulsive, moody, aggressive, or even violent. […] AAS users had over twice the odds of exhibiting psychopathic traits, over three times the odds of engaging in substance use risk-taking behaviors, nearly twice the odds of engaging in sexual risk-taking behaviors, nearly twice the odds of experiencing anger problems, and over twice the odds of exhibiting physical problems compared to AAS nonusers. […] AAS nonusers who considered AAS use had higher odds of psychopathic traits, substance use risk-taking, sexual risk-taking, anger problems, emotional stability problems, depressive symptoms, and impulsivity symptoms compared to AAS nonusers who never considered using. […] Increased psychopathic traits in AAS users may serve as the underlying mechanism to predict increased anger problems.
  • #225 Brain Effects of Anabolic Steroids | Findlay Recovery Center
    https://findlayrecoverycenter.com/the-impacts-on-the-brain-when-you-use-anabolic-steroids/
    Anabolic steroids are harmful because they can lead to long-term problems with the brain’s structure and function. […] A new study has found that long-term use of anabolic steroids can lead to significant brain structural changes and cognitive impairment. […] The use of anabolic steroids can have long-term psychological impacts on the brain. […] Some people who stop using anabolic steroids after long-term use may experience withdrawal symptoms, such as fatigue, loss of appetite, depressed mood, and trouble sleeping.
  • #226 Anabolic Steroids: Mental Health Effects, Use, and Misuse
    https://www.verywellmind.com/steroids-abuse-faq-69354
    Steroid misuse can increase the risk of health issues, including liver problems, increased blood pressure, bleeding, and fluid retention. […] This misuse can significantly affect physical health, but steroid use can also affect the brain, behavior, and mental health. […] Approximately three to four million people between the ages of 13 and 50 are believed to have used anabolic steroids. Of these individuals, an estimated one million have experienced steroid dependence. […] Some psychological effects of steroid use that have been reported include hallucinations and delusions, manic behavior, and mood swings. […] There have been reports of people who misuse steroids experiencing psychotic and manic reactions. […] A 2021 study noted that high-dose use of anabolic steroids is linked to brain and cognitive abnormalities and that long-term high-dose use can negatively affect brain aging.
  • #227 Brain Effects of Anabolic Steroids | Findlay Recovery Center
    https://findlayrecoverycenter.com/the-impacts-on-the-brain-when-you-use-anabolic-steroids/
    Anabolic steroids are harmful because they can lead to long-term problems with the brain’s structure and function. […] A new study has found that long-term use of anabolic steroids can lead to significant brain structural changes and cognitive impairment. […] The use of anabolic steroids can have long-term psychological impacts on the brain. […] Some people who stop using anabolic steroids after long-term use may experience withdrawal symptoms, such as fatigue, loss of appetite, depressed mood, and trouble sleeping.
  • #228 Anabolic Steroids: Effects, Risks, and Long-Term Impact
    https://recovered.org/stimulants/anabolic-steroids
    Long-term steroid use is also strongly associated with other substance abuse, including cocaine, injectable drugs, and marijuana. […] Long-term steroid use can lead to impulsive and aggressive behavior, which may put them at increased risk of accidental or violent death. […] The effects of long-term AAS use are considerably more negative, which is one reason why many steroid users will alternate between periods of use and abstinence, recognizing the need to reduce the strain on their bodies. […] Anabolic steroids are harmful to the cardiovascular system, leading to high blood pressure and increased risk of blood clots, stroke, and a 2.9 times increased risk of non-ischemic heart disease. […] Because steroids are frequently injected, many steroid users also risk adverse consequences from sharing needles, such as hepatitis or HIV.
  • #229 Anabolic Steroids: Effects, Risks, and Long-Term Impact
    https://recovered.org/stimulants/anabolic-steroids
    Long-term steroid use is also strongly associated with other substance abuse, including cocaine, injectable drugs, and marijuana. […] Long-term steroid use can lead to impulsive and aggressive behavior, which may put them at increased risk of accidental or violent death. […] The effects of long-term AAS use are considerably more negative, which is one reason why many steroid users will alternate between periods of use and abstinence, recognizing the need to reduce the strain on their bodies. […] Anabolic steroids are harmful to the cardiovascular system, leading to high blood pressure and increased risk of blood clots, stroke, and a 2.9 times increased risk of non-ischemic heart disease. […] Because steroids are frequently injected, many steroid users also risk adverse consequences from sharing needles, such as hepatitis or HIV.
  • #230 Anabolic Steroids: Effects, Risks, and Long-Term Impact
    https://recovered.org/stimulants/anabolic-steroids
    Long-term steroid use is also strongly associated with other substance abuse, including cocaine, injectable drugs, and marijuana. […] Long-term steroid use can lead to impulsive and aggressive behavior, which may put them at increased risk of accidental or violent death. […] The effects of long-term AAS use are considerably more negative, which is one reason why many steroid users will alternate between periods of use and abstinence, recognizing the need to reduce the strain on their bodies. […] Anabolic steroids are harmful to the cardiovascular system, leading to high blood pressure and increased risk of blood clots, stroke, and a 2.9 times increased risk of non-ischemic heart disease. […] Because steroids are frequently injected, many steroid users also risk adverse consequences from sharing needles, such as hepatitis or HIV.
  • #231 Brain Effects of Anabolic Steroids | Findlay Recovery Center
    https://findlayrecoverycenter.com/the-impacts-on-the-brain-when-you-use-anabolic-steroids/
    Anabolic steroids are harmful because they can lead to long-term problems with the brain’s structure and function. […] A new study has found that long-term use of anabolic steroids can lead to significant brain structural changes and cognitive impairment. […] The use of anabolic steroids can have long-term psychological impacts on the brain. […] Some people who stop using anabolic steroids after long-term use may experience withdrawal symptoms, such as fatigue, loss of appetite, depressed mood, and trouble sleeping.
  • #232 Anabolic steroid use disorder – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice US
    https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/987
    Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS; also known as anabolic steroid) use is the illicit use of testosterone derivatives to improve athletic performance and/or to increase lean body mass and muscle size. […] Users take other drugs to minimize the unwanted effects of AASs, or to mask their use. […] Cardiac complications are the major cause of sudden and premature death. […] Key diagnostic factors include increased weight gain and muscular build, increased appetite, consumption of nutritional supplements, use of other drugs to counteract adverse effects of AAS use, aggression and mood swings, gynecomastia, hirsutism, voice pitch alterations, clitoral hypertrophy, and testicular atrophy. […] Other diagnostic factors include acne and/or oily skin, temporal hairline recession/male pattern baldness, striae or keloids, menstrual irregularities, changes in libido, erectile dysfunction, infertility, premature masculinization/feminization (adolescents), cognitive impairment, short stature (adolescents), and needle marks.
  • #233 Anabolic Steroids: Mental Health Effects, Use, and Misuse
    https://www.verywellmind.com/steroids-abuse-faq-69354
    Steroid misuse can increase the risk of health issues, including liver problems, increased blood pressure, bleeding, and fluid retention. […] This misuse can significantly affect physical health, but steroid use can also affect the brain, behavior, and mental health. […] Approximately three to four million people between the ages of 13 and 50 are believed to have used anabolic steroids. Of these individuals, an estimated one million have experienced steroid dependence. […] Some psychological effects of steroid use that have been reported include hallucinations and delusions, manic behavior, and mood swings. […] There have been reports of people who misuse steroids experiencing psychotic and manic reactions. […] A 2021 study noted that high-dose use of anabolic steroids is linked to brain and cognitive abnormalities and that long-term high-dose use can negatively affect brain aging.
  • #234 Anabolic steroid use disorder – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice US
    https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/987
    Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS; also known as anabolic steroid) use is the illicit use of testosterone derivatives to improve athletic performance and/or to increase lean body mass and muscle size. […] Users take other drugs to minimize the unwanted effects of AASs, or to mask their use. […] Cardiac complications are the major cause of sudden and premature death. […] Key diagnostic factors include increased weight gain and muscular build, increased appetite, consumption of nutritional supplements, use of other drugs to counteract adverse effects of AAS use, aggression and mood swings, gynecomastia, hirsutism, voice pitch alterations, clitoral hypertrophy, and testicular atrophy. […] Other diagnostic factors include acne and/or oily skin, temporal hairline recession/male pattern baldness, striae or keloids, menstrual irregularities, changes in libido, erectile dysfunction, infertility, premature masculinization/feminization (adolescents), cognitive impairment, short stature (adolescents), and needle marks.
  • #235 Anabolic steroid use disorder – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice US
    https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/987
    Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS; also known as anabolic steroid) use is the illicit use of testosterone derivatives to improve athletic performance and/or to increase lean body mass and muscle size. […] Users take other drugs to minimize the unwanted effects of AASs, or to mask their use. […] Cardiac complications are the major cause of sudden and premature death. […] Key diagnostic factors include increased weight gain and muscular build, increased appetite, consumption of nutritional supplements, use of other drugs to counteract adverse effects of AAS use, aggression and mood swings, gynecomastia, hirsutism, voice pitch alterations, clitoral hypertrophy, and testicular atrophy. […] Other diagnostic factors include acne and/or oily skin, temporal hairline recession/male pattern baldness, striae or keloids, menstrual irregularities, changes in libido, erectile dysfunction, infertility, premature masculinization/feminization (adolescents), cognitive impairment, short stature (adolescents), and needle marks.
  • #236 Anabolic Steroids: Effects, Risks, and Long-Term Impact
    https://recovered.org/stimulants/anabolic-steroids
    Steroid abuse is profoundly harmful and increases the risk of premature death from a number of causes. […] Some of the most worrying consequences of steroid use are the effects it has on behavior and mental health. […] Some steroid users experience sudden, extreme bouts of aggression, commonly known as roid rage. […] Users who cycle their steroid use may also experience depression as a withdrawal effect during their off periods. […] Adverse effects are very common in steroid users, with some affecting over 10% of users. Examples in male users include acne, breast growth (gynaecomastia), and erectile dysfunction. […] Long-term steroid use is associated with difficulty recognizing other people’s emotions, especially fear. This leads to reductions in empathy and may account for some of the increased aggression and violence.
  • #237 Steroid misuse or abuse| Healthy Male
    https://healthymale.org.au/mens-health/steroid-misuse-or-abuse
    High blood pressure. […] Injection site swelling, tenderness and/or redness. […] Tendon and muscle tears. […] Abnormal blood lipids. […] Abnormal liver function. […] Gynaecomastia. […] Erectile dysfunction. […] Male infertility. […] Testicular atrophy (shrinkage of the testes). […] Psychological signs of steroid abuse: Aggression. […] Impulsivity. […] Altered sex drive. […] Anxiety. […] Dysphoria. […] Depression. […] Empathy disorder. […] Jealousy. […] Muscle dysmorphia. […] Mood instability. […] Panic attack. […] Psychosis. […] Reduced mentalising capacity (problems with thinking). […] Sleep disorders. […] Suicidal ideation. […] Suicide attempt. […] Violence. […] Worry. […] Misuse or abuse of steroids reduces the bodys own production of testosterone due to its negative feedback system.
  • #238 Anabolic Steroids: Mental Health Effects, Use, and Misuse
    https://www.verywellmind.com/steroids-abuse-faq-69354
    Steroid misuse can increase the risk of health issues, including liver problems, increased blood pressure, bleeding, and fluid retention. […] This misuse can significantly affect physical health, but steroid use can also affect the brain, behavior, and mental health. […] Approximately three to four million people between the ages of 13 and 50 are believed to have used anabolic steroids. Of these individuals, an estimated one million have experienced steroid dependence. […] Some psychological effects of steroid use that have been reported include hallucinations and delusions, manic behavior, and mood swings. […] There have been reports of people who misuse steroids experiencing psychotic and manic reactions. […] A 2021 study noted that high-dose use of anabolic steroids is linked to brain and cognitive abnormalities and that long-term high-dose use can negatively affect brain aging.
  • #239
    https://www.drugrehab.com/guides/steroids/
    People who use steroids can develop tolerance and dependence on the drugs. That means they have to take higher doses of the drugs to feel the same effects, and they experience withdrawal symptoms when they stop taking the drugs. Many people take steroids despite the risk of negative consequences. Tolerance, dependence and using drugs despite negative side effects are all characteristics of addiction. […] Research suggests that steroids have psychologically addictive properties and physiologically addictive properties. Psychologically, steroid users may become addicted to the attention they receive after winning a competition or receiving social recognition for weight loss or muscle mass. […] Physiologically, the pleasure and reward systems in the brain may adapt to steroids, causing users to feel pleasure from the drug and crave it. Changes in these systems are characteristic of alcohol and other addictive drugs, including cocaine and methamphetamine. […] Abruptly quitting steroid use can also cause withdrawal symptoms such as depression and suicidal thoughts. Counseling and therapy can help patients manage some psychological symptoms of withdrawal, and antidepressant medications may also be beneficial.
  • #240
    https://www.drugrehab.com/guides/steroids/
    People who use steroids can develop tolerance and dependence on the drugs. That means they have to take higher doses of the drugs to feel the same effects, and they experience withdrawal symptoms when they stop taking the drugs. Many people take steroids despite the risk of negative consequences. Tolerance, dependence and using drugs despite negative side effects are all characteristics of addiction. […] Research suggests that steroids have psychologically addictive properties and physiologically addictive properties. Psychologically, steroid users may become addicted to the attention they receive after winning a competition or receiving social recognition for weight loss or muscle mass. […] Physiologically, the pleasure and reward systems in the brain may adapt to steroids, causing users to feel pleasure from the drug and crave it. Changes in these systems are characteristic of alcohol and other addictive drugs, including cocaine and methamphetamine. […] Abruptly quitting steroid use can also cause withdrawal symptoms such as depression and suicidal thoughts. Counseling and therapy can help patients manage some psychological symptoms of withdrawal, and antidepressant medications may also be beneficial.
  • #241
    https://www.drugrehab.com/guides/steroids/
    People who use steroids can develop tolerance and dependence on the drugs. That means they have to take higher doses of the drugs to feel the same effects, and they experience withdrawal symptoms when they stop taking the drugs. Many people take steroids despite the risk of negative consequences. Tolerance, dependence and using drugs despite negative side effects are all characteristics of addiction. […] Research suggests that steroids have psychologically addictive properties and physiologically addictive properties. Psychologically, steroid users may become addicted to the attention they receive after winning a competition or receiving social recognition for weight loss or muscle mass. […] Physiologically, the pleasure and reward systems in the brain may adapt to steroids, causing users to feel pleasure from the drug and crave it. Changes in these systems are characteristic of alcohol and other addictive drugs, including cocaine and methamphetamine. […] Abruptly quitting steroid use can also cause withdrawal symptoms such as depression and suicidal thoughts. Counseling and therapy can help patients manage some psychological symptoms of withdrawal, and antidepressant medications may also be beneficial.
  • #242
    https://www.drugrehab.com/guides/steroids/
    People who use steroids can develop tolerance and dependence on the drugs. That means they have to take higher doses of the drugs to feel the same effects, and they experience withdrawal symptoms when they stop taking the drugs. Many people take steroids despite the risk of negative consequences. Tolerance, dependence and using drugs despite negative side effects are all characteristics of addiction. […] Research suggests that steroids have psychologically addictive properties and physiologically addictive properties. Psychologically, steroid users may become addicted to the attention they receive after winning a competition or receiving social recognition for weight loss or muscle mass. […] Physiologically, the pleasure and reward systems in the brain may adapt to steroids, causing users to feel pleasure from the drug and crave it. Changes in these systems are characteristic of alcohol and other addictive drugs, including cocaine and methamphetamine. […] Abruptly quitting steroid use can also cause withdrawal symptoms such as depression and suicidal thoughts. Counseling and therapy can help patients manage some psychological symptoms of withdrawal, and antidepressant medications may also be beneficial.
  • #243
    https://www.drugrehab.com/guides/steroids/
    People who use steroids can develop tolerance and dependence on the drugs. That means they have to take higher doses of the drugs to feel the same effects, and they experience withdrawal symptoms when they stop taking the drugs. Many people take steroids despite the risk of negative consequences. Tolerance, dependence and using drugs despite negative side effects are all characteristics of addiction. […] Research suggests that steroids have psychologically addictive properties and physiologically addictive properties. Psychologically, steroid users may become addicted to the attention they receive after winning a competition or receiving social recognition for weight loss or muscle mass. […] Physiologically, the pleasure and reward systems in the brain may adapt to steroids, causing users to feel pleasure from the drug and crave it. Changes in these systems are characteristic of alcohol and other addictive drugs, including cocaine and methamphetamine. […] Abruptly quitting steroid use can also cause withdrawal symptoms such as depression and suicidal thoughts. Counseling and therapy can help patients manage some psychological symptoms of withdrawal, and antidepressant medications may also be beneficial.
  • #244 Anabolic Steroid Addiction: Signs, Symptoms & Treatments
    https://healthyliferecovery.com/understanding-anabolic-steroid-addiction/
    Psychological symptoms of steroid addiction include: impaired judgment, compulsive behaviors (such as using steroids despite negative consequences), a feeling of invincibility that leads users to engage in risky activities while under the influence of steroids. […] When taken in excess and abused, anabolic steroid addiction can lead to a host of unwanted secondary effects. […] The physiological effects of anabolic steroid addiction vary based on how long the individual has been abusing the drugs. In the short-term, users may experience decreased libido, acne breakouts and elevated blood pressure or cholesterol levels. Long-term abuse of steroids can lead to more serious consequences such as damage to internal organs (liver and kidneys), infertility in both genders, hair loss, increased risk of stroke or heart attack, and changes to physical appearance such as drastic weight gain or thinning hair.
  • #245 Anabolic Steroids: Mental Health Effects, Use, and Misuse
    https://www.verywellmind.com/steroids-abuse-faq-69354
    One of the most serious withdrawal symptoms associated with stopping steroid use is depression because it can sometimes lead to a suicide attempt. […] Research reveals that if untreated, depression associated with anabolic steroid withdrawal can persist for a year or longer after the use of the drug stops. […] The negative effects linked to anabolic steroid misuse can range from those that are mildly annoying to those that can be life-threatening. […] Most of the effects of using anabolic steroids are reversible when the person stops using the drugs, but some can be permanent. […] The prevalence of life-threatening effects of steroid misuse seems to be very low from case studies, but serious adverse effects may be underreported and underrecognized because they sometimes do not appear until years later.
  • #246 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #247 Anabolic Steroids – Special Subjects – Merck Manual Consumer Version
    https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/special-subjects/illicit-drugs-and-intoxicants/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids have physical and psychologic effects. The more drug is taken, the greater the effect. […] The main physical effect of anabolic steroids is increased muscle size. […] Other physical effects include gynecomastia (breast enlargement) and shrunken testicles with decreased sperm count in men. […] Virilization (masculinizing effects) in women, such as baldness, excess body hair (hirsutism), an enlarged clitoris, a deepened voice, shrunken breasts, and thinning of the lining (atrophy) of the vagina. […] Gynecomastia in men and masculinizing effects in women may be irreversible. […] Increased acne is common in both sexes. Libido may increase or, less commonly, decrease. Aggressiveness and appetite may increase. In younger adolescents, steroids can interfere with the development of arm and leg bones.
  • #248 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #249 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #250 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #251 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #252 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #253 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #254 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #255 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #256 Anabolic steroid use disorder – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice US
    https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/987
    Anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS; also known as anabolic steroid) use is the illicit use of testosterone derivatives to improve athletic performance and/or to increase lean body mass and muscle size. […] Users take other drugs to minimize the unwanted effects of AASs, or to mask their use. […] Cardiac complications are the major cause of sudden and premature death. […] Key diagnostic factors include increased weight gain and muscular build, increased appetite, consumption of nutritional supplements, use of other drugs to counteract adverse effects of AAS use, aggression and mood swings, gynecomastia, hirsutism, voice pitch alterations, clitoral hypertrophy, and testicular atrophy. […] Other diagnostic factors include acne and/or oily skin, temporal hairline recession/male pattern baldness, striae or keloids, menstrual irregularities, changes in libido, erectile dysfunction, infertility, premature masculinization/feminization (adolescents), cognitive impairment, short stature (adolescents), and needle marks.
  • #257 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #258 Anabolic Steroids: Mental Health Effects, Use, and Misuse
    https://www.verywellmind.com/steroids-abuse-faq-69354
    One of the most serious withdrawal symptoms associated with stopping steroid use is depression because it can sometimes lead to a suicide attempt. […] Research reveals that if untreated, depression associated with anabolic steroid withdrawal can persist for a year or longer after the use of the drug stops. […] The negative effects linked to anabolic steroid misuse can range from those that are mildly annoying to those that can be life-threatening. […] Most of the effects of using anabolic steroids are reversible when the person stops using the drugs, but some can be permanent. […] The prevalence of life-threatening effects of steroid misuse seems to be very low from case studies, but serious adverse effects may be underreported and underrecognized because they sometimes do not appear until years later.
  • #259 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #260 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #261 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #262 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #263 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #264 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #265 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #266 Anabolic Steroids | healthdirect
    https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anabolic-steroids
    Anabolic steroids are synthetic (human-made) medicines that copy the effects of testosterone. […] Short-term side effects include mood changes and long-term effects can include heart problems or cancer. […] The short-term side effects of anabolic steroid use include: water retention and bloating, fatigue, sleep problems, feeling irritated, mood swings or aggression, changes in sex drive, male pattern baldness (in both males and females), acne. […] The long-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: liver damage, high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart attack and stroke, kidney or prostate cancer, depression, stunted growth, premature bone and skin ageing. […] People who misuse anabolic steroids for performance or weight loss purposes may also cause accidental nerve damage while injecting their muscles. […] Using anabolic steroids can lead to addiction, because people rely on the drugs for confidence and self-esteem.
  • #267 Anabolic Steroids: Mental Health Effects, Use, and Misuse
    https://www.verywellmind.com/steroids-abuse-faq-69354
    One of the most serious withdrawal symptoms associated with stopping steroid use is depression because it can sometimes lead to a suicide attempt. […] Research reveals that if untreated, depression associated with anabolic steroid withdrawal can persist for a year or longer after the use of the drug stops. […] The negative effects linked to anabolic steroid misuse can range from those that are mildly annoying to those that can be life-threatening. […] Most of the effects of using anabolic steroids are reversible when the person stops using the drugs, but some can be permanent. […] The prevalence of life-threatening effects of steroid misuse seems to be very low from case studies, but serious adverse effects may be underreported and underrecognized because they sometimes do not appear until years later.
  • #268 Anabolic Steroids: Mental Health Effects, Use, and Misuse
    https://www.verywellmind.com/steroids-abuse-faq-69354
    One of the most serious withdrawal symptoms associated with stopping steroid use is depression because it can sometimes lead to a suicide attempt. […] Research reveals that if untreated, depression associated with anabolic steroid withdrawal can persist for a year or longer after the use of the drug stops. […] The negative effects linked to anabolic steroid misuse can range from those that are mildly annoying to those that can be life-threatening. […] Most of the effects of using anabolic steroids are reversible when the person stops using the drugs, but some can be permanent. […] The prevalence of life-threatening effects of steroid misuse seems to be very low from case studies, but serious adverse effects may be underreported and underrecognized because they sometimes do not appear until years later.
  • #269 Anabolic Steroids: Mental Health Effects, Use, and Misuse
    https://www.verywellmind.com/steroids-abuse-faq-69354
    One of the most serious withdrawal symptoms associated with stopping steroid use is depression because it can sometimes lead to a suicide attempt. […] Research reveals that if untreated, depression associated with anabolic steroid withdrawal can persist for a year or longer after the use of the drug stops. […] The negative effects linked to anabolic steroid misuse can range from those that are mildly annoying to those that can be life-threatening. […] Most of the effects of using anabolic steroids are reversible when the person stops using the drugs, but some can be permanent. […] The prevalence of life-threatening effects of steroid misuse seems to be very low from case studies, but serious adverse effects may be underreported and underrecognized because they sometimes do not appear until years later.
  • #270 Steroid Addiction: Symptoms, Causes, Risk, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://grovetreatment.com/addiction/steroid-addiction/
    The effects of steroid addiction include numerous short-term and long-term health issues, both physical and psychological. According to Kanayama et al. 2010 study titled Treatment of anabolicandrogenic steroid dependence: Emerging evidence and its implications published in the Journal of Drug Alcohol Dependence, found that people taking steroids develop a tolerance to the drugs and experience withdrawal symptoms such as low sex drive, loss of appetite, mood swings, fatigue, insomnia, and depression when they stop taking them. These effects worsen over time with continued steroid use. […] Steroid withdrawal symptoms include depression, fatigue, loss of appetite, and muscle pain. These symptoms persist for weeks or months after stopping steroid use, making it difficult for individuals to quit without professional help.
  • #271 Steroid Addiction: Symptoms, Causes, Risk, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://grovetreatment.com/addiction/steroid-addiction/
    The effects of steroid addiction include numerous short-term and long-term health issues, both physical and psychological. According to Kanayama et al. 2010 study titled Treatment of anabolicandrogenic steroid dependence: Emerging evidence and its implications published in the Journal of Drug Alcohol Dependence, found that people taking steroids develop a tolerance to the drugs and experience withdrawal symptoms such as low sex drive, loss of appetite, mood swings, fatigue, insomnia, and depression when they stop taking them. These effects worsen over time with continued steroid use. […] Steroid withdrawal symptoms include depression, fatigue, loss of appetite, and muscle pain. These symptoms persist for weeks or months after stopping steroid use, making it difficult for individuals to quit without professional help.
  • #272 Steroid Addiction: Symptoms, Causes, Risk, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://grovetreatment.com/addiction/steroid-addiction/
    The effects of steroid addiction include numerous short-term and long-term health issues, both physical and psychological. According to Kanayama et al. 2010 study titled Treatment of anabolicandrogenic steroid dependence: Emerging evidence and its implications published in the Journal of Drug Alcohol Dependence, found that people taking steroids develop a tolerance to the drugs and experience withdrawal symptoms such as low sex drive, loss of appetite, mood swings, fatigue, insomnia, and depression when they stop taking them. These effects worsen over time with continued steroid use. […] Steroid withdrawal symptoms include depression, fatigue, loss of appetite, and muscle pain. These symptoms persist for weeks or months after stopping steroid use, making it difficult for individuals to quit without professional help.
  • #273 Steroid Addiction: Symptoms, Causes, Risk, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://grovetreatment.com/addiction/steroid-addiction/
    The effects of steroid addiction include numerous short-term and long-term health issues, both physical and psychological. According to Kanayama et al. 2010 study titled Treatment of anabolicandrogenic steroid dependence: Emerging evidence and its implications published in the Journal of Drug Alcohol Dependence, found that people taking steroids develop a tolerance to the drugs and experience withdrawal symptoms such as low sex drive, loss of appetite, mood swings, fatigue, insomnia, and depression when they stop taking them. These effects worsen over time with continued steroid use. […] Steroid withdrawal symptoms include depression, fatigue, loss of appetite, and muscle pain. These symptoms persist for weeks or months after stopping steroid use, making it difficult for individuals to quit without professional help.
  • #274 Steroid Addiction: Symptoms, Causes, Risk, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://grovetreatment.com/addiction/steroid-addiction/
    The effects of steroid addiction include numerous short-term and long-term health issues, both physical and psychological. According to Kanayama et al. 2010 study titled Treatment of anabolicandrogenic steroid dependence: Emerging evidence and its implications published in the Journal of Drug Alcohol Dependence, found that people taking steroids develop a tolerance to the drugs and experience withdrawal symptoms such as low sex drive, loss of appetite, mood swings, fatigue, insomnia, and depression when they stop taking them. These effects worsen over time with continued steroid use. […] Steroid withdrawal symptoms include depression, fatigue, loss of appetite, and muscle pain. These symptoms persist for weeks or months after stopping steroid use, making it difficult for individuals to quit without professional help.
  • #275 Steroid Addiction: Symptoms, Causes, Risk, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://grovetreatment.com/addiction/steroid-addiction/
    The effects of steroid addiction include numerous short-term and long-term health issues, both physical and psychological. According to Kanayama et al. 2010 study titled Treatment of anabolicandrogenic steroid dependence: Emerging evidence and its implications published in the Journal of Drug Alcohol Dependence, found that people taking steroids develop a tolerance to the drugs and experience withdrawal symptoms such as low sex drive, loss of appetite, mood swings, fatigue, insomnia, and depression when they stop taking them. These effects worsen over time with continued steroid use. […] Steroid withdrawal symptoms include depression, fatigue, loss of appetite, and muscle pain. These symptoms persist for weeks or months after stopping steroid use, making it difficult for individuals to quit without professional help.
  • #276 Treatments for people who use anabolic androgenic steroids: a scoping review | Harm Reduction Journal | Full Text
    https://harmreductionjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12954-019-0343-1
    Supporting discontinuation may require a multidisciplinary approach with input from health professionals such as a GP, addiction specialist, psychiatrist and endocrinologist. […] Symptoms of hypogonadism may be behind the withdrawal experiences of people with a dependence on AAS. […] The limited evidence here shows that positive outcomes are consistently reported in the treatment of men suffering with neuroendocrine disorders following AAS cessation. […] There was, however, limited evidence of engagement with users regarding their AAS use as part of their more general treatment. […] No form of harm reduction interventions were initiated alongside or following any treatments provided. […] Continued encouragement and monitoring of psychiatric and physiological complications is recommended for those who are not prepared to consider discontinuation. […] Despite the large number of articles identified, the evidence base consists of case reports of predominantly treatment of physiological harms and there is scarce evidence on treating dependence, managing withdrawal, or initiating behaviour change in users in any settings.
  • #277 Anabolic Steroids: Uses, Abuse, and Side Effects
    https://www.webmd.com/men/anabolic-steroids
    If you take anabolic steroids outside of a doctor’s care, you may have serious side effects that can have a negative impact on your health. You’re at risk of: High blood pressure, Blood clots, Heart issues, including heart attack, Stroke, Liver damage, Short stature (if you’re an adolescent), Male-pattern baldness, Aggression, Mania, Delusions, Major depressive disorder. […] To treat steroid use, the most effective methods involve uncovering the underlying causes of the misuse.
  • #278 Steroid Addiction | Signs, Symptoms & Effects | Linwood House
    https://www.linwoodhouse.co.uk/addiction/drug/steroids/
    Recognising steroid addiction can be tough, particularly if you are pleased with the results so dont want to accept that you are being harmed. However, here are some signs that can help you know if you’ve crossed the line into addiction: You are finding it really hard or impossible to stop using steroids even if you want to quit. […] You have developed a tolerance, so you are taking more steroids now than when you started. […] You are still using steroids even though you know they are causing health issues, arguments with family or friends or other problems in your life. […] Steroid addiction can cause major relationship problems, poor school or job performance and big financial and legal problems. […] Not everyone who uses steroids develops a steroid addiction, but here are some factors which can increase the chances: People with mental health issues, like depression or anxiety, might use steroids to feel better, which can quickly lead to steroid addiction. […] Steroid addiction is treated in three main steps: drug detox, rehab and aftercare. Detox is the first step where you stop using steroids under a doctors care to help manage the resulting withdrawal symptoms.
  • #279 Anabolic Steroid Withdrawal Symptoms & Detox
    https://bocarecoverycenter.com/anabolic-steroids/withdrawal/
    Anabolic steroid withdrawal, which is estimated to occur in about 32 percent of people who misuse steroids, is when the body begins to experience physical symptoms as a result of stopping anabolic steroid use. This occurs because the body becomes physically dependent on the substance and must then readjust to the absence of steroids. […] Typically, steroid withdrawal is less severe than withdrawal associated with more addictive substances, but it can still make quitting steroids difficult. In some cases, withdrawal from anabolic steroids can cause serious mental health symptoms and side effects that may be life-threatening. […] A person going through steroid withdrawal may feel some or all of the following symptoms to varying levels of severity: Fatigue, Restlessness, Reduced appetite, Insomnia, Reduced sex drive, Weight loss because of reduced appetite, Decreased strength, Depression, Steroid cravings, Headache, Muscle and joint pain. […] Depression is typically considered the most severe steroid withdrawal symptom, as many people who misuse steroids already struggle with mental health issues, such as depression and low self-esteem. And some people going through withdrawal from anabolic steroids have reported suicide attempts, so it’s important to seek emergency psychiatric care if you are experiencing suicidality or depression.
  • #280 Anabolic Steroid Withdrawal Symptoms & Detox
    https://bocarecoverycenter.com/anabolic-steroids/withdrawal/
    One of the biggest risks of anabolic steroid withdrawal is severe depression and suicidal ideation. […] Some anabolic steroid withdrawal symptoms may last longer than others. Research indicates that hypogonadism symptoms, such as sexual dysfunction, fatigue, anxiety, and depression, may linger for several months. These symptoms may contribute to continued anabolic steroid use to alleviate them, leading to a cycle of compulsive use. […] Because withdrawal from anabolic steroids can be distressing and difficult to manage alone, professional treatment is often needed in the form of detox. […] Regardless of the detox setting, management of anabolic steroid withdrawal includes medications and supportive therapy. The goals of treatment include: Restore hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal functioning, Alleviate withdrawal symptoms, Ensure patient comfort and safety, Address any complications, Achieve a medically stable, drug-free state.
  • #281 Anabolic Steroid Withdrawal Symptoms & Detox
    https://bocarecoverycenter.com/anabolic-steroids/withdrawal/
    One of the biggest risks of anabolic steroid withdrawal is severe depression and suicidal ideation. […] Some anabolic steroid withdrawal symptoms may last longer than others. Research indicates that hypogonadism symptoms, such as sexual dysfunction, fatigue, anxiety, and depression, may linger for several months. These symptoms may contribute to continued anabolic steroid use to alleviate them, leading to a cycle of compulsive use. […] Because withdrawal from anabolic steroids can be distressing and difficult to manage alone, professional treatment is often needed in the form of detox. […] Regardless of the detox setting, management of anabolic steroid withdrawal includes medications and supportive therapy. The goals of treatment include: Restore hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal functioning, Alleviate withdrawal symptoms, Ensure patient comfort and safety, Address any complications, Achieve a medically stable, drug-free state.
  • #282 Steroid Addiction Rehab In Colorado | Award-Winning Facility
    https://mountainspringsrecovery.com/drug/anabolic-steroid/
    Some common signs of anabolic steroid addiction include: Quick shifts in moods, Anxiety and restlessness, Steroid cravings and evidence of drug use, Increased secrecy. […] Anabolic steroid addiction may be treated like other types of drug problem. […] Drug detox (detoxification) is a medically-assisted program that aims to remove the remnants of anabolic steroids from the body. […] Behavioral therapy is another component of anabolic steroid addiction recovery. […] Psychiatrists and other doctors may prescribe medications such as antidepressants, anti-inflammatory drugs, and other substances that counter the effects of anabolic steroids.
  • #283 Anabolic Steroids: Effects, Risks, and Long-Term Impact
    https://recovered.org/stimulants/anabolic-steroids
    Testosterone itself is not harmful to the liver, but many synthetic steroids are and can lead to liver damage and tumors. […] There is also some concern that steroid use can cause structural changes to the brain, including decreasing brain volume and reducing the thickness of the cortex, although further research will be needed to confirm this. […] Some people will stop taking steroids without taking any additional medications. They may rely on social support or work with a therapist. Most people who have used steroids for less than a year will find that their bodies will recover from most of the adverse effects within 12 months. […] Medicinal treatment of steroid abuse, especially if that use lasts longer than a year, can include clomiphene. This helps to increase blood levels of important hormones, including testosterone, and can help to normalize hormone levels and reduce withdrawal effects.
  • #284 Anabolic Steroid Withdrawal Symptoms & Detox
    https://bocarecoverycenter.com/anabolic-steroids/withdrawal/
    The detox team may also prescribe antidepressants like Zoloft, Lexapro, or Paxil to relieve depression and anxiety associated with steroid withdrawal. Clonidine and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may also be used symptomatically. […] Treatment for anabolic steroid addiction may include: Psychological therapies for muscle dysmorphia, Antidepressant medications, Continued endocrine therapies after detox, Psychotherapies and pharmacological therapies for patients who are also dependent on opioids, which is common among anabolic steroid users.
  • #285 Anabolic Steroid Withdrawal Symptoms & Detox
    https://bocarecoverycenter.com/anabolic-steroids/withdrawal/
    The detox team may also prescribe antidepressants like Zoloft, Lexapro, or Paxil to relieve depression and anxiety associated with steroid withdrawal. Clonidine and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may also be used symptomatically. […] Treatment for anabolic steroid addiction may include: Psychological therapies for muscle dysmorphia, Antidepressant medications, Continued endocrine therapies after detox, Psychotherapies and pharmacological therapies for patients who are also dependent on opioids, which is common among anabolic steroid users.
  • #286 Anabolic Steroids: Effects, Risks, and Long-Term Impact
    https://recovered.org/stimulants/anabolic-steroids
    Alternatively, subcutaneous (under the skin) hCG therapy can also help to reverse some of the effects of steroids. This can stimulate the body to produce more testosterone and help improve sperm production. […] For people unwilling to stop taking steroids, it is possible to use prescription testosterone to replace illegal drugs in the short term. Usage can then be reduced to safer levels.
  • #287 Anabolic Steroid Withdrawal Symptoms & Detox
    https://bocarecoverycenter.com/anabolic-steroids/withdrawal/
    The detox team may also prescribe antidepressants like Zoloft, Lexapro, or Paxil to relieve depression and anxiety associated with steroid withdrawal. Clonidine and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may also be used symptomatically. […] Treatment for anabolic steroid addiction may include: Psychological therapies for muscle dysmorphia, Antidepressant medications, Continued endocrine therapies after detox, Psychotherapies and pharmacological therapies for patients who are also dependent on opioids, which is common among anabolic steroid users.
  • #288 Steroid Addiction Rehab In Colorado | Award-Winning Facility
    https://mountainspringsrecovery.com/drug/anabolic-steroid/
    Some common signs of anabolic steroid addiction include: Quick shifts in moods, Anxiety and restlessness, Steroid cravings and evidence of drug use, Increased secrecy. […] Anabolic steroid addiction may be treated like other types of drug problem. […] Drug detox (detoxification) is a medically-assisted program that aims to remove the remnants of anabolic steroids from the body. […] Behavioral therapy is another component of anabolic steroid addiction recovery. […] Psychiatrists and other doctors may prescribe medications such as antidepressants, anti-inflammatory drugs, and other substances that counter the effects of anabolic steroids.
  • #289 Steroid Addiction Rehab In Colorado | Award-Winning Facility
    https://mountainspringsrecovery.com/drug/anabolic-steroid/
    Some common signs of anabolic steroid addiction include: Quick shifts in moods, Anxiety and restlessness, Steroid cravings and evidence of drug use, Increased secrecy. […] Anabolic steroid addiction may be treated like other types of drug problem. […] Drug detox (detoxification) is a medically-assisted program that aims to remove the remnants of anabolic steroids from the body. […] Behavioral therapy is another component of anabolic steroid addiction recovery. […] Psychiatrists and other doctors may prescribe medications such as antidepressants, anti-inflammatory drugs, and other substances that counter the effects of anabolic steroids.
  • #290 Anabolic Steroids Symptoms and Warning Signs – Roots RecoveryAccessibility ToolsIncrease TextDecrease TextGrayscaleHigh ContrastNegative ContrastLight BackgroundLinks UnderlineReadable FontReset
    https://roots-recovery.com/anabolic-steroids-symptoms-and-warning-signs/
    Common tell-tale signs of a steroid addiction include: […] People who abuse steroids might experience withdrawal symptoms when they stop use, including: […] Even users who aren’t addicted to steroids may experience withdrawal symptoms when they stop taking steroids because the body quickly becomes dependent on the drugs. The hormonal imbalances caused by steroids make quitting “cold turkey” dangerous for a user. […] Ongoing therapy can also help people recover from their desire to use and come to terms with underlying issues contributing to steroid use.
  • #291 Anabolic Steroid Withdrawal Symptoms & Detox
    https://bocarecoverycenter.com/anabolic-steroids/withdrawal/
    The detox team may also prescribe antidepressants like Zoloft, Lexapro, or Paxil to relieve depression and anxiety associated with steroid withdrawal. Clonidine and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may also be used symptomatically. […] Treatment for anabolic steroid addiction may include: Psychological therapies for muscle dysmorphia, Antidepressant medications, Continued endocrine therapies after detox, Psychotherapies and pharmacological therapies for patients who are also dependent on opioids, which is common among anabolic steroid users.
  • #292 Anabolic Steroid Withdrawal Symptoms & Detox
    https://bocarecoverycenter.com/anabolic-steroids/withdrawal/
    The detox team may also prescribe antidepressants like Zoloft, Lexapro, or Paxil to relieve depression and anxiety associated with steroid withdrawal. Clonidine and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may also be used symptomatically. […] Treatment for anabolic steroid addiction may include: Psychological therapies for muscle dysmorphia, Antidepressant medications, Continued endocrine therapies after detox, Psychotherapies and pharmacological therapies for patients who are also dependent on opioids, which is common among anabolic steroid users.
  • #293 Anabolic Steroid Withdrawal Symptoms & Detox
    https://bocarecoverycenter.com/anabolic-steroids/withdrawal/
    The detox team may also prescribe antidepressants like Zoloft, Lexapro, or Paxil to relieve depression and anxiety associated with steroid withdrawal. Clonidine and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may also be used symptomatically. […] Treatment for anabolic steroid addiction may include: Psychological therapies for muscle dysmorphia, Antidepressant medications, Continued endocrine therapies after detox, Psychotherapies and pharmacological therapies for patients who are also dependent on opioids, which is common among anabolic steroid users.
  • #294 Treatments for people who use anabolic androgenic steroids: a scoping review | Harm Reduction Journal | Full Text
    https://harmreductionjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12954-019-0343-1
    Supporting discontinuation may require a multidisciplinary approach with input from health professionals such as a GP, addiction specialist, psychiatrist and endocrinologist. […] Symptoms of hypogonadism may be behind the withdrawal experiences of people with a dependence on AAS. […] The limited evidence here shows that positive outcomes are consistently reported in the treatment of men suffering with neuroendocrine disorders following AAS cessation. […] There was, however, limited evidence of engagement with users regarding their AAS use as part of their more general treatment. […] No form of harm reduction interventions were initiated alongside or following any treatments provided. […] Continued encouragement and monitoring of psychiatric and physiological complications is recommended for those who are not prepared to consider discontinuation. […] Despite the large number of articles identified, the evidence base consists of case reports of predominantly treatment of physiological harms and there is scarce evidence on treating dependence, managing withdrawal, or initiating behaviour change in users in any settings.
  • #295 Treatments for people who use anabolic androgenic steroids: a scoping review | Harm Reduction Journal | Full Text
    https://harmreductionjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12954-019-0343-1
    Supporting discontinuation may require a multidisciplinary approach with input from health professionals such as a GP, addiction specialist, psychiatrist and endocrinologist. […] Symptoms of hypogonadism may be behind the withdrawal experiences of people with a dependence on AAS. […] The limited evidence here shows that positive outcomes are consistently reported in the treatment of men suffering with neuroendocrine disorders following AAS cessation. […] There was, however, limited evidence of engagement with users regarding their AAS use as part of their more general treatment. […] No form of harm reduction interventions were initiated alongside or following any treatments provided. […] Continued encouragement and monitoring of psychiatric and physiological complications is recommended for those who are not prepared to consider discontinuation. […] Despite the large number of articles identified, the evidence base consists of case reports of predominantly treatment of physiological harms and there is scarce evidence on treating dependence, managing withdrawal, or initiating behaviour change in users in any settings.
  • #296 Anabolic Steroids Addiction: Signs, Risks, & Treatment
    https://www.addictiongroup.org/drugs/other/steroids/
    Recovery from steroid addiction isn’t just about quitting the drug. It’s a multi-pronged battle plan to address the physical and psychological causes of steroid misuse. […] Successful treatment includes support for muscle dysmorphia and other psychological issues, endocrine therapy to restore the body’s natural function, medication to alleviate depression, medication and support for co-occurring conditions, behavioral therapy and medications to manage withdrawal symptoms. […] Steroids are not a shortcut to a better body. They come with serious risks both physical and mental that can mess up your life long-term. If you’re addicted to steroids, it’s time to get help.
  • #297 Treatments for people who use anabolic androgenic steroids: a scoping review | Harm Reduction Journal | Full Text
    https://harmreductionjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12954-019-0343-1
    Supporting discontinuation may require a multidisciplinary approach with input from health professionals such as a GP, addiction specialist, psychiatrist and endocrinologist. […] Symptoms of hypogonadism may be behind the withdrawal experiences of people with a dependence on AAS. […] The limited evidence here shows that positive outcomes are consistently reported in the treatment of men suffering with neuroendocrine disorders following AAS cessation. […] There was, however, limited evidence of engagement with users regarding their AAS use as part of their more general treatment. […] No form of harm reduction interventions were initiated alongside or following any treatments provided. […] Continued encouragement and monitoring of psychiatric and physiological complications is recommended for those who are not prepared to consider discontinuation. […] Despite the large number of articles identified, the evidence base consists of case reports of predominantly treatment of physiological harms and there is scarce evidence on treating dependence, managing withdrawal, or initiating behaviour change in users in any settings.
  • #298 Treatments for people who use anabolic androgenic steroids: a scoping review | Harm Reduction Journal | Full Text
    https://harmreductionjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12954-019-0343-1
    Supporting discontinuation may require a multidisciplinary approach with input from health professionals such as a GP, addiction specialist, psychiatrist and endocrinologist. […] Symptoms of hypogonadism may be behind the withdrawal experiences of people with a dependence on AAS. […] The limited evidence here shows that positive outcomes are consistently reported in the treatment of men suffering with neuroendocrine disorders following AAS cessation. […] There was, however, limited evidence of engagement with users regarding their AAS use as part of their more general treatment. […] No form of harm reduction interventions were initiated alongside or following any treatments provided. […] Continued encouragement and monitoring of psychiatric and physiological complications is recommended for those who are not prepared to consider discontinuation. […] Despite the large number of articles identified, the evidence base consists of case reports of predominantly treatment of physiological harms and there is scarce evidence on treating dependence, managing withdrawal, or initiating behaviour change in users in any settings.
  • #299 Anabolic Steroids Addiction: Signs, Risks, & Treatment
    https://www.addictiongroup.org/drugs/other/steroids/
    Recovery from steroid addiction isn’t just about quitting the drug. It’s a multi-pronged battle plan to address the physical and psychological causes of steroid misuse. […] Successful treatment includes support for muscle dysmorphia and other psychological issues, endocrine therapy to restore the body’s natural function, medication to alleviate depression, medication and support for co-occurring conditions, behavioral therapy and medications to manage withdrawal symptoms. […] Steroids are not a shortcut to a better body. They come with serious risks both physical and mental that can mess up your life long-term. If you’re addicted to steroids, it’s time to get help.
  • #300 Anabolic Steroids Addiction: Signs, Risks, & Treatment
    https://www.addictiongroup.org/drugs/other/steroids/
    Recovery from steroid addiction isn’t just about quitting the drug. It’s a multi-pronged battle plan to address the physical and psychological causes of steroid misuse. […] Successful treatment includes support for muscle dysmorphia and other psychological issues, endocrine therapy to restore the body’s natural function, medication to alleviate depression, medication and support for co-occurring conditions, behavioral therapy and medications to manage withdrawal symptoms. […] Steroids are not a shortcut to a better body. They come with serious risks both physical and mental that can mess up your life long-term. If you’re addicted to steroids, it’s time to get help.
  • #301 Treatments for people who use anabolic androgenic steroids: a scoping review | Harm Reduction Journal | Full Text
    https://harmreductionjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12954-019-0343-1
    Supporting discontinuation may require a multidisciplinary approach with input from health professionals such as a GP, addiction specialist, psychiatrist and endocrinologist. […] Symptoms of hypogonadism may be behind the withdrawal experiences of people with a dependence on AAS. […] The limited evidence here shows that positive outcomes are consistently reported in the treatment of men suffering with neuroendocrine disorders following AAS cessation. […] There was, however, limited evidence of engagement with users regarding their AAS use as part of their more general treatment. […] No form of harm reduction interventions were initiated alongside or following any treatments provided. […] Continued encouragement and monitoring of psychiatric and physiological complications is recommended for those who are not prepared to consider discontinuation. […] Despite the large number of articles identified, the evidence base consists of case reports of predominantly treatment of physiological harms and there is scarce evidence on treating dependence, managing withdrawal, or initiating behaviour change in users in any settings.