Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Chordoma: What It Is, Types, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17916-chordoma

  As a chordoma grows, it puts pressure on nearby areas of your spinal cord or brain. This pressure causes the symptoms of chordoma. Symptoms can also vary based on where the tumor is along your spine. […] General chordoma symptoms include pain, weakness and/or numbness in your back, arms or legs. […] Symptoms of a chordoma at the base of your skull may include: Double vision (diplopia). Blurry vision. Headaches. Facial numbness/pain. […] Symptoms of a chordoma in your tailbone may include: A lump that you can feel through your skin. Issues with bladder or bowel function. Low back or tailbone pain. […] Chordomas typically grow slowly, but they can be difficult to treat due to how they invade nearby nervous system tissue. […] They also tend to recur (come back) after treatment usually in the same place. Chordomas spread to other parts of your body (metastasize) in 30% to 40% of cases. […] Yes, chordoma can cause death typically due to tissue destruction in your spinal cord, brain or brainstem after it has recurred (come back).

• #1 Symptom burden and life challenges reported by adult chordoma patients and their caregivers

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5509836/

  This study aims to characterize the symptom burden and life challenges that chordoma patients and their caregivers experience. […] Chronic pain (35%) was the most commonly reported symptom followed by depression or severe anxiety (32%) and chronic fatigue (31%). […] Our study findings suggest a high symptom burden and life challenges among chordoma patients and their caregivers. […] Chordoma progresses slowly but continuously, affecting multiple vital functions, which results in disability and death. As chordoma progresses, it affects patients physical, social, and mental wellbeing and increases the need for caregiver support. […] The most common symptoms that chordoma patients reported include chronic pain (35%), depression or severe anxiety (32%), chronic fatigue (31%), difficulty walking (28%), and balance impairment (26%).

• #1 Chordoma: Rare Cancer in Spine and Skull

  https://www.webmd.com/cancer/what-is-chordoma

  Chordomas can press on nerves in your spine or brain. This can cause pain, numbness, or weakness. Your symptoms depend on where the cancer is and how big it is. […] Chordoma in the skull causes symptoms like: Abnormal eye movements, Changes to your voice or speech, Double vision, Headache, Loss of feeling and movement in your face, Neck pain, Trouble swallowing. […] Chordoma of the spine causes symptoms like: Loss of control over your bowels, Lump in the lower part of your back, Numbness, tingling, or weakness in your arms or legs, Pain in your lower back, Problems controlling your bladder. […] Sometimes, chordomas in the brain can block the flow of fluid there and in the spine. The fluid can build up and put pressure on the brain. This is called hydrocephalus.

• #1 Chordoma: A Rare Bone Cancer of the Skull Base and Spine | Pacific Neuroscience Institute

  https://www.pacificneuroscienceinstitute.org/blog/brain-tumor/chordoma-a-rare-bone-cancer-of-the-skull-base-and-spine/

  Approximately one third of patients have chordomas originating at their skull base. Headaches, double vision, abnormal eye movements, difficulty swallowing and urinary incontinence are common symptoms for skull base chordomas. […] The clinical manifestations of chordomas differ based on tumor location and size. The most common symptoms of skull base chordomas include headaches (resembling sinus headaches), sinus infections, nosebleeds (epistaxis), and hearing difficulties due to eustachian tube blockage or dysfunction. If the tumor enters into the central nervous system (CNS), it can cause symptoms of brainstem compression and nerve dysfunction. The most common nerve affected is the abducens nerve which controls eye movement, resulting in double vision (diplopia). Other nerves which may be involved include the trigeminal nerve (facial sensation), the facial nerve (facial muscle movement), the vestibulocochlear nerve (hearing and balance), the optic nerves (vision loss), and the hypoglossal nerve (tongue movement). In cases of severe brainstem compression, patients can develop difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), hoarse voice (vocal cord dysfunction), weakness in the arms or legs, and balance or coordination difficulties.

• #1 Chordoma: A Rare Bone Cancer of the Skull Base and Spine | Pacific Neuroscience Institute

  https://www.pacificneuroscienceinstitute.org/blog/brain-tumor/chordoma-a-rare-bone-cancer-of-the-skull-base-and-spine/

  The pituitary gland is situated at the top part of the clivus and can sometimes be compressed or displaced by the tumor. The pituitary gland is the master gland of the body and controls other endocrine glands such as the adrenal and thyroid glands. Hence, pituitary dysfunction can result in symptoms of hypothyroidism or hypocortisolism with symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, loss of menstrual cycle and impotence / infertility. […] Chordomas can present with subtle symptoms and have an insidious growth rate. Treatment options are tumor biopsy followed by minimally invasive tumor resection. Some patients may require radiation therapy if there is tumor growth following surgery.

• #1 Chordoma Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.upmc.com/services/orthopaedics/conditions/chordoma

  Tailbone pain is one of the most common symptoms of chordoma. In addition to tailbone pain, symptoms of cancer include headaches, vision problems, and numbness in arms and legs. […] Because chordomas grow slowly, many people dont notice them for years. The tumor may grow large before they have any symptoms. […] Chordomas tend to come back, even after treatment. […] As a tumor grows, it can press on nerves in the brain and spine, causing pain, numbness, and vision changes. Some chordomas can spread to other organs most commonly the lungs leading to disability and eventually death. […] The symptoms of chordoma vary depending on where the tumor is located on the spine. Tailbone pain cancer symptoms are different from bone cancer skull pain. […] A chordoma in the spine may cause: Clumsiness. Numbness or tingling in the back, arms, or legs. Pain at the location of the tumor. The tumor can press on nearby nerves and cause symptoms similar to a slipped disk. Weakness or pain in the arms or legs.

• #1 Chordoma | Bone Cancer Research Trust

  https://www.bcrt.org.uk/information/information-by-type/chordoma/

  Tumours in the main part of the spine (known as the vertebral column): Pain, Swelling. […] Tumours in the neck (known as the cervical region): Breathing obstruction, Neck pain, Hoarseness, Difficulty swallowing. […] Tumours in the base of the skull (known as the spheno-occipital region): Headaches, Facial pain, Disturbances to vision – such as double vision, difficulty focusing the eyes or rapid eye movements, Paralysis of facial nerves – causing swallowing, speech and eye movement abnormalities, Nausea – which is the feeling of being sick, Fatigue – which is the feeling of extreme tiredness.

• #1 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Chordoma.aspx

  Chordoma is most usually diagnosed between the ages of 50 and 60, and it affects men more than women. It is uncommon in children. […] Patients with clival chordomas may experience headaches, diplopia, or other cranial nerve dysfunction, whereas patients with sacral chordomas may experience low back or buttocks pain, neuropathy, and/or gait disturbance. Due to the slow-growing nature of the disease, a non-specific symptom profile, and a reasonably vast space for tumors to occupy before generating substantially focused symptoms, patients may be diagnosed with massive tumor masses in the sacrum. Patients with sacral chordoma have lower back discomfort that is worse when they sit and is pathological. Urinary tract infections are found in up to a third of the patients. […] Unfortunately, due to chordoma’s slow growth and the insidious, non-specific symptoms it causes, identification might take months or even years. The median overall survival (OS) following diagnosis has been estimated to be around 6 to 7 years, however, the range of outcomes is quite large and may be connected to prognostic factors, such as therapeutic options at the time of diagnosis.

• #1 Understanding chordoma | Chordoma Foundation

  https://www.chordomafoundation.org/understanding-chordoma/

  Chordoma is a rare type of cancer that occurs in the bones of the skull base and spine. It is diagnosed in just 1 in 1 million people every year. Chordomas account for about 3 percent of all bone tumors and about 20 percent of primary spinal tumors. They are the most common tumor of the sacrum and cervical spine. A chordoma tumor usually grows slowly, often without symptoms at first, and then might cause symptoms for years before doctors find it. […] In about 30 to 40 percent of patients, the tumor eventually spreads, or metastasizes, to other parts of the body.

• #1 Chordoma spinal cancer diagnosis and treatment | Chordoma UK

  https://chordoma-uk.org/diagnosis-and-treatment

  People experience different symptoms depending on where their tumour arises. The most common signs however are variable pain and neurological changes. At the base of the skull, it can cause headaches, neck pain, and blurred or double vision. Occasionally it may affect facial sensation or movement, speech and throat functions. If it occurs in the vertebral bodies or the bones of the sacrum or coccyx (tail bone), it generally causes persistent back ache and may cause numbness or weakness of the arms and legs and impact on bowel or bladder function. […] Chordoma is slow-growing and, those tumours arising in the sacrum and lower back, in particular are often significant by the time they are diagnosed. Furthermore, as the symptoms can mimic other common problems, such as back ache, and given chordoma is so rare, it is often takes a long time for a definitive diagnosis to be made, as most GPs, general physicians and surgeons during their career will never meet a patient with chordoma.

• #1 Chordoma Symptoms | Expert Surgeon | Aaron Cohen-Gadol, MD | Aaron Cohen-Gadol, MD

  https://www.aaroncohen-gadol.com/en/patients/chordoma/types/symptoms

  When a chordoma has reached an advanced stage, the initial symptoms such as pain may intensify. The pain can be constant and difficult to manage with over-the-counter pain medications. In such cases, your healthcare team will provide you with prescription medications to effectively manage and control your pain. However, as the tumor continues to grow and spread, everyday activities such as walking, standing, or sitting for long periods can become increasingly challenging. […] Compression of structures around the tumor may lead to difficulties breathing, swallowing, and controlling bowel or bladder movements. Fatigue and general weakness from both the tumor and its treatments can make it difficult to enjoy activities and even the company of family and friends. […] End-stage chordoma symptoms are mainly managed with palliative care, though clinical trials may also be explored.

• #1 Chordoma: Practice Essentials, History of the Disease, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/250902-overview

  Due to high local recurrence of chordomas, most physicians recommend lifelong surveillance with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with and without gadolinium contrast. […] Researchers who completed a population-based multivariate analysis to evaluate prognostic factors for patients with chordoma reported that older age, greater tumor size, and distant metastasis were correlated with decreased survival, whereas surgical resection was correlated with increased survival.

• #1 What You Need to Know About Chordoma Cancer

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/chordoma-cancer

  Chordoma symptoms vary based on the size and location of the tumor. […] Chordoma tumors usually grow slowly but can become large. As they grow, chordoma tumors may push on the brain or parts of the spine. You may be able to feel a large chordoma from outside your skin, especially if the tumor is in your lower spine. […] The range of possible symptoms may include: pain in the face, neck, head, and lower back, numbness and tingling, vision problems, including double vision, paralysis of facial nerves, headaches, vomiting, trouble swallowing, problems with bowel or bladder control, sexual (erectile) dysfunction, leg pain. […] Chordoma cancer may also metastasize to other parts of the body, such as lymph nodes, lungs, liver, other bones. […] When it metastasizes elsewhere in the body, other symptoms you may experience can include: widespread pain, fatigue, loss of energy, weakness. […] Around 30%40% of chordoma tumors eventually metastasize to other parts of the body, but this doesn’t mean that they’re not treatable.

• #1 What Is the Survival Rate of Chordoma? Symptoms, 3 Types, Causes

  https://www.medicinenet.com/what_is_the_survival_rate_of_chordoma/article.htm

  Most studies revealed that full excision of skull chordomas improves both five-year progression-free and overall survival rates. […] Knowledge of the extent of chordoma tumor resection helps predict patient outcomes concerning the time the patient would be free from tumor recurrence and determine the necessity for radiation. […] Chordomas may recur after: 3.8 years if extensively resected, 2.1 years with subtotal resection followed by radiation therapy, 8 months with a subtotal excision and without radiation therapy. […] Many patients with chordoma may live for a decade or more with good therapy, and some will be cured. […] Chordomas are cancerous tumors that can be fatal. They can spread or metastasize to other parts of the body in some situations. This can happen to up to 30 percent of patients. […] Chordomas that metastasize (spread) to other areas of the body or become large and begin to press on key portions of the brain, can be fatal. Even if chordomas have not spread, they can become very large and harm nerves in the spine and brain, causing lasting impairment.

• #1 Chordoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430846/

  Despite the low-grade status of chordomas, they have a high recurrence rate and significant mortality. […] Five-year survival is approximately 50% overall but improved with complete resection with negative margins to a 65% 5-year survival rate. […] Surgical resection with positive margins is approximately 50% 5-year survival, and if the chordoma is inoperable 5-year survival is approximately 40%. […] Chordomas have been reported to dedifferentiate into high-grade spindle cell tumors, which portend a worse prognosis.

• #1 Chordoma: Symptoms & Treatment | Massachusetts General Hospital

  https://www.massgeneral.org/cancer-center/treatments-and-services/sarcoma/chordoma/about

  Pain and changes in sensation or function are the most common symptoms of chordoma. Tumors located at the base of the skull may cause headache, neck pain, difficulty swallowing, or double vision. Chordoma in other areas of the spine may cause pain, numbness or weakness in the arms or legs. Changes in bowel or bladder function may occur. […] The symptoms are similar to those caused by other disorders and chordoma grows very slowly, so patients may have symptoms for more than a year before seeking treatment.

• #1 Chordoma Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.upmc.com/services/orthopaedics/conditions/chordoma

  A chordoma in the tailbone may cause: A lump large enough to be felt through the skin. Bowel and bladder problems. Numbness in the groin. Pain running down the legs. Tingling or weakness in the legs. […] Because chordoma is usually a slow-growing cancer, you may not notice any signs at first. But it’s important to call your doctor if you have any of the symptoms above. The sooner treatment for chordoma begins, the more likely youll have a good outcome.

• #1 Chordoma – Macmillan Cancer Support | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/bone-cancer/chordoma

  Chordoma is usually slow-growing, so symptoms often take a while to show. Symptoms depend on where the tumour is. […] If the chordoma starts in the spine, symptoms may include: pain, numbness, changes in bowel habits, such as constipation, problems peeing (passing urine) or controlling the bladder (incontinence), problems walking, feeling weak or unsteady, problems getting an erection. […] If the chordoma starts in the bottom of the skull (base of the skull), symptoms may include: headaches, double vision, facial pain or numbness, changes in hearing, problems swallowing, feeling dizzy or unsteady. […] Most of the time, these symptoms are caused by other conditions that are more common than a chordoma. But if you have any of these symptoms get them checked by your GP. […] Chordoma is usually low-grade or slow-growing. There are a small number of chordomas that are high-grade and grow more quickly.

• #1 Chordomas | Duke Health

  https://www.dukehealth.org/treatments/chordoma

  Chordoma Symptoms Fortunately, these tumors grow quite slowly, but as they become large enough to press on nerves, they can cause pain and neurological problems. Common symptoms of sacral chordomas include loss of bowel, bladder, and sexual function. Skull base chordomas can cause headaches, facial and neck pain, double vision, swallowing and speech problems, and numbness. […] Chordomas have about a 30% to 50% chance of recurrence. And, because the cancer is so slow-growing, it can metastasize years after successful treatment. We follow a strict surveillance schedule to catch any regrowth as soon as possible. For the first two years, you’ll be asked to return regularly for follow-up appointments and imaging scans. After that, appointments will space out incrementally over the next eight years.

• #2 Understanding chordoma | Chordoma Foundation

  https://www.chordomafoundation.org/understanding-chordoma/

  Chordoma is a rare type of cancer that occurs in the bones of the skull base and spine. It is diagnosed in just 1 in 1 million people every year. Chordomas account for about 3 percent of all bone tumors and about 20 percent of primary spinal tumors. They are the most common tumor of the sacrum and cervical spine. A chordoma tumor usually grows slowly, often without symptoms at first, and then might cause symptoms for years before doctors find it. […] In about 30 to 40 percent of patients, the tumor eventually spreads, or metastasizes, to other parts of the body.

• #2 Chordoma: Symptoms & Treatment | Massachusetts General Hospital

  https://www.massgeneral.org/cancer-center/treatments-and-services/sarcoma/chordoma/about

  Pain and changes in sensation or function are the most common symptoms of chordoma. Tumors located at the base of the skull may cause headache, neck pain, difficulty swallowing, or double vision. Chordoma in other areas of the spine may cause pain, numbness or weakness in the arms or legs. Changes in bowel or bladder function may occur. […] The symptoms are similar to those caused by other disorders and chordoma grows very slowly, so patients may have symptoms for more than a year before seeking treatment.

• #2 Symptom burden and life challenges reported by adult chordoma patients and their caregivers

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5509836/

  This study aims to characterize the symptom burden and life challenges that chordoma patients and their caregivers experience. […] Chronic pain (35%) was the most commonly reported symptom followed by depression or severe anxiety (32%) and chronic fatigue (31%). […] Our study findings suggest a high symptom burden and life challenges among chordoma patients and their caregivers. […] Chordoma progresses slowly but continuously, affecting multiple vital functions, which results in disability and death. As chordoma progresses, it affects patients physical, social, and mental wellbeing and increases the need for caregiver support. […] The most common symptoms that chordoma patients reported include chronic pain (35%), depression or severe anxiety (32%), chronic fatigue (31%), difficulty walking (28%), and balance impairment (26%).

• #2 Chordoma: Symptoms, Treatment & Diagnosis | Pacific Brain Tumor Center

  https://www.pacificneuroscienceinstitute.org/brain-tumor/conditions/chordoma/

  The most common presenting symptom of a clival chordoma is double vision. […] Less common symptoms may include: Facial numbness or tingling, Loss of vision, Hearing loss, Difficulty swallowing, Coordination, Motor weakness, Nasal congestion, Pituitary gland dysfunction, Headache. […] Chordomas can behave quite aggressively and are often extensively invasive into surrounding skull base structures. A small subset of patients (~10%) may develop metastases to distant sites beyond their site of origin.

• #2 Chordoma: New Updates and Breakthroughs 2024

  https://oncodaily.com/oncolibrary/cancer-types/76224

  Chordoma is a rare, slow-growing malignant tumor that arises from remnants of the notochord, a structure present during early fetal development. […] Despite their slow growth, these tumors are locally invasive and can cause significant destruction to surrounding tissues, often leading to neurological symptoms. […] The symptoms depend on the tumors location and size. Common symptoms include: […] Skull Base Chordoma […] Double Vision: The most common presenting symptom. […] Headache: Due to pressure on surrounding structures. […] Facial Numbness or Tingling: Resulting from nerve compression. […] Loss of Vision: If the optic nerves are affected. […] Hearing Loss: Due to involvement of auditory pathways. […] Difficulty Swallowing: If the tumor compresses the esophagus. […] Pituitary Gland Dysfunction: Leading to hormonal imbalances.

• #2 Chordoma | Bone Cancer Research Trust

  https://www.bcrt.org.uk/information/information-by-type/chordoma/

  Tumours in the main part of the spine (known as the vertebral column): Pain, Swelling. […] Tumours in the neck (known as the cervical region): Breathing obstruction, Neck pain, Hoarseness, Difficulty swallowing. […] Tumours in the base of the skull (known as the spheno-occipital region): Headaches, Facial pain, Disturbances to vision – such as double vision, difficulty focusing the eyes or rapid eye movements, Paralysis of facial nerves – causing swallowing, speech and eye movement abnormalities, Nausea – which is the feeling of being sick, Fatigue – which is the feeling of extreme tiredness.

• #2 Chordoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430846/

  A chordoma is a low-grade, slow-growing but locally invasive and locally aggressive tumor that is a type of sarcoma. […] Chordomas present with slow-growing, locally invasive tumors with distant metastases are rarely occurring and only late in the disease. […] Although they are considered indolent tumors, there is a significant risk for multiple recurrences locally. […] The patient history and physical findings are dependent on the specific location of the chordoma. […] Cervical chordomas typically present with non-specific neck, shoulder or arm pain, and occasionally dysphagia due to mass effect. […] Thoracic and lumbar chordomas also present with non-specific localized pain and, also, may be the cause of a pathologic fracture or radiculopathy or myelopathy. […] Sacral chordomas share a similar presentation as thoracic and lumbar chordomas with localized pain and possible radiculopathy as well as possible dysfunction of the bladder, bowel, or autonomic nervous system if the tumor involves the lumbosacral plexus.

• #2 Chordoma Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.upmc.com/services/orthopaedics/conditions/chordoma

  Tailbone pain is one of the most common symptoms of chordoma. In addition to tailbone pain, symptoms of cancer include headaches, vision problems, and numbness in arms and legs. […] Because chordomas grow slowly, many people dont notice them for years. The tumor may grow large before they have any symptoms. […] Chordomas tend to come back, even after treatment. […] As a tumor grows, it can press on nerves in the brain and spine, causing pain, numbness, and vision changes. Some chordomas can spread to other organs most commonly the lungs leading to disability and eventually death. […] The symptoms of chordoma vary depending on where the tumor is located on the spine. Tailbone pain cancer symptoms are different from bone cancer skull pain. […] A chordoma in the spine may cause: Clumsiness. Numbness or tingling in the back, arms, or legs. Pain at the location of the tumor. The tumor can press on nearby nerves and cause symptoms similar to a slipped disk. Weakness or pain in the arms or legs.

• #2 Chordoma | Bone Cancer Research Trust

  https://www.bcrt.org.uk/information/information-by-type/chordoma/

  Chordomas can develop at the base of the spine, the main part of the spine, the neck or the skull. Due to the various locations, these tumours present with different symptoms and signs depending on the location. As these symptoms are often non-specific and could often mimic those of more common conditions, it can take a long time for a chordoma diagnosis to be made. […] Tumours in the base of the spine (known as the sacrococcygeal region): Lower back pain – which is often dull and becomes worse when sitting, Tenderness of the lower back, A lump on the lower back, Pain in the legs, Weakness or numbness in the lower back or the legs, Constipation – this is because the tumour may press on the bowel, Loss of bladder control – this is because the tumour may press on the bladder or affect the nerves connected to the bladder.

• #2 Chordoma Survival | Expert Surgeon | Aaron Cohen-Gadol, MD | Aaron Cohen-Gadol, MD

  https://www.aaroncohen-gadol.com/en/patients/chordoma/survival/overview

  Chordomas are very slow-growing tumors. The rate of growth of the chordomas depends on the specific type of chordoma. Although some chordomas grow rapidly and cause symptoms much sooner, most take years to grow large enough to cause symptoms. […] If a chordoma is left untreated, it will continue to grow and cause damage to surrounding tissues and organs. This can lead to pain, weakness, and difficulty moving arms and legs. The chordoma can grow to put pressure on the brain or spinal cord, causing difficulties in breathing, swallowing, and weakness of limbs. The chordoma may also metastasize, which means spread to other parts of the body such as the lungs and bones. At this point, chordoma can become life threatening and is usually considered end-stage chordoma. […] End-stage chordoma is the advanced phase of the disease, when the tumor has grown considerably and metastasized to other parts of the body. This makes it challenging to manage and treat. During this stage, the main objective of treatment is to alleviate symptoms, enhance quality of life, and extend survival time. Some individuals may choose to prioritize quality of life over prolonging survival. […] Signs of end-stage chordoma will depend on the location of the tumor but can include pain at the tumor site, neurological problems, and difficulty with movement due to weakness.

• #2 Chordoma – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/chordoma/cdc-20355401

  Signs and symptoms of chordoma may include: […] Chordoma usually grows slowly. It can be difficult to treat because a chordoma can grow very close to the spinal cord and other important structures, such as arteries, nerves or the brain. This cancer often comes back after treatment.

• #2 Chordoma – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/pediatric-adult-rare-tumor/rare-tumors/rare-bone-tumors/chordoma

  Chordoma is a slow growing cancer of tissue found inside the spine. Chordomas grow very slowly. Many people dont notice any change in their bodies for years. When they do start to have symptoms, it can take a while for the chordoma to be discovered and diagnosed. […] Symptoms of chordoma can be very different depending on where in your spine the chordoma starts. When chordoma starts at the base of the skull you may have headaches or double vision. Chordoma near the tailbone can cause pain down your legs and trouble controlling your bladder or bowels. […] Doctors estimate chordoma survival rates by how groups of people with chordoma have done in the past. Because there are so few people with chordoma, these rates may not be very accurate. They also dont consider newer treatments being developed. Even so, we know that the average survival is around 10 years after diagnosis. Your chances of survival depend on where the tumor is and how much can be removed by surgery. In some cases, complete cures are possible.

• #2 Chordoma | MedLink Neurology

  https://www.medlink.com/articles/chordoma

  Symptoms from sacral nerve root compression are variable and include perianal numbness, urinary hesitancy or retention, urinary incontinence, impotence, and rectal incontinence. […] In the majority of cases (more than 90%), the initial symptom is localized pain in and around the involved vertebral body. […] Patients with these tumors often have a shorter duration of symptoms before diagnosis than patients with tumors of the sacrum, due to the smaller volume of bone in proximity to sensitive neural structures. […] The most common complications of sacral chordomas are persistent pain (low back or radicular), urinary retention, and rectal incontinence. […] A series of 37 patients with spinal chordomas had a 19% rate of metastasis, involving the lungs, liver and lungs, or remote spine. […] The overall 5- and 10-year relative survival rates for all types of chordoma are 67.65% and 39.9%, respectively. […] The median overall survival for all types of chordoma, including all races and genders, is 6.29 years.

• #2 Chordoma: Practice Essentials, History of the Disease, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/250902-overview

  Chordoma is a low-grade, slow-growing, but locally invasive and locally aggressive tumor. […] Although a chordoma is usually a slow-growing tumor, it is locally aggressive and has a tendency to infiltrate into adjacent tissues and organs. Local recurrence results in tissue destruction and generally is the cause of death. […] Chordomas often present late in the disease course and tend to encapsulate adjacent neurovascular anatomy, seed resection cavities, recur locally, and respond poorly to radiotherapy and conventional chemotherapy—all of which make them challenging to treat. […] Chordoma is a low-grade notochordal tumor of the skull base, mobile spine, and sacrum that behaves malignantly and confers a poor prognosis despite indolent growth patterns. […] Despite the low-grade status of chordomas, they have a high recurrence rate and involve significant mortality. Five-year survival is approximately 50% overall but is improved to 65% with complete resection with negative margins.

• #2 Chordoma: New Updates and Breakthroughs 2024

  https://oncodaily.com/oncolibrary/cancer-types/76224

  Spinal Chordoma […] Back Pain: The most common symptom, often severe and persistent. […] Numbness or Weakness: In the arms or legs, depending on the tumors location. […] Loss of Bladder or Bowel Control: If the sacral nerves are involved. […] Sexual Dysfunction: Due to nerve damage. […] The prognosis for chordoma patients varies significantly based on several factors, including the tumors location, size, histological subtype, and the extent of surgical resection. […] The overall 5-year survival rate is approximately 50%. […] Factors associated with a poorer prognosis include older age, female sex, larger tumor size, incomplete surgical resection, presence of metastasis, local recurrence, and dedifferentiated histological subtype. Complete surgical resection combined with high-dose radiation therapy offers the best chance for long-term survival.

• #2 Chordoma – Hancock Health

  https://www.hancockhealth.org/mayo-health-library/chordoma/

  Signs and symptoms of chordoma may include: […] Chordoma usually grows slowly. It can be difficult to treat because a chordoma can grow very close to the spinal cord and other important structures, such as arteries, nerves or the brain. This cancer often comes back after treatment. […] Make an appointment with a doctor or other healthcare professional if you have any symptoms that worry you.

• #3 Chordoma: A Rare Bone Cancer of the Skull Base and Spine | Pacific Neuroscience Institute

  https://www.pacificneuroscienceinstitute.org/blog/brain-tumor/chordoma-a-rare-bone-cancer-of-the-skull-base-and-spine/

  Approximately one third of patients have chordomas originating at their skull base. Headaches, double vision, abnormal eye movements, difficulty swallowing and urinary incontinence are common symptoms for skull base chordomas. […] The clinical manifestations of chordomas differ based on tumor location and size. The most common symptoms of skull base chordomas include headaches (resembling sinus headaches), sinus infections, nosebleeds (epistaxis), and hearing difficulties due to eustachian tube blockage or dysfunction. If the tumor enters into the central nervous system (CNS), it can cause symptoms of brainstem compression and nerve dysfunction. The most common nerve affected is the abducens nerve which controls eye movement, resulting in double vision (diplopia). Other nerves which may be involved include the trigeminal nerve (facial sensation), the facial nerve (facial muscle movement), the vestibulocochlear nerve (hearing and balance), the optic nerves (vision loss), and the hypoglossal nerve (tongue movement). In cases of severe brainstem compression, patients can develop difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), hoarse voice (vocal cord dysfunction), weakness in the arms or legs, and balance or coordination difficulties.

• #3 Chordoma Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.upmc.com/services/orthopaedics/conditions/chordoma

  A chordoma in the tailbone may cause: A lump large enough to be felt through the skin. Bowel and bladder problems. Numbness in the groin. Pain running down the legs. Tingling or weakness in the legs. […] Because chordoma is usually a slow-growing cancer, you may not notice any signs at first. But it’s important to call your doctor if you have any of the symptoms above. The sooner treatment for chordoma begins, the more likely youll have a good outcome.

• #3 Chordoma: Rare Cancer in Spine and Skull

  https://www.webmd.com/cancer/what-is-chordoma

  Chordomas can press on nerves in your spine or brain. This can cause pain, numbness, or weakness. Your symptoms depend on where the cancer is and how big it is. […] Chordoma in the skull causes symptoms like: Abnormal eye movements, Changes to your voice or speech, Double vision, Headache, Loss of feeling and movement in your face, Neck pain, Trouble swallowing. […] Chordoma of the spine causes symptoms like: Loss of control over your bowels, Lump in the lower part of your back, Numbness, tingling, or weakness in your arms or legs, Pain in your lower back, Problems controlling your bladder. […] Sometimes, chordomas in the brain can block the flow of fluid there and in the spine. The fluid can build up and put pressure on the brain. This is called hydrocephalus.

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