Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Epidemiology and impact of hallux valgus: more than just bunions

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3102914/

  Hallux valgus (HV) is a common deformity characterized by progressive lateral deviation of the great toe at the first metatarsophalangeal joint (1st MTPJ). A recent systematic review estimated the prevalence of HV to be 23% in adults aged 18 to 65 years. It becomes more frequent with increasing age and is more prevalent in women than men. Several potential risk factors for HV have been identified. HV is rare in unshod populations but associates with wearing high-heeled or narrow shoes. The relationship between HV and obesity is less clear. Some studies have found an association between HV and increasing body mass index (BMI) whereas others have found no association. Most recently, it has been suggested that the association between HV and BMI differs between the genders, with a lower prevalence with increasing BMI in women but no association in men.

• #2 The Prevalence of Bunions

  https://www.personalpodiatry.com/blogs/item/223-the-prevalence-of-bunions

  Bunions, characterized by a bony bump that forms at the base of the big toe, affect a significant portion of the population. This deformity arises when the big toe begins to lean toward the second toe, causing the structure of the foot to change and result in a bump at the big toe joint. Factors contributing to bunion development include genetic predisposition, footwear choices, and certain foot structures. More women than men have bunions, due to wearing narrow, tight-fitting shoes and high heels that place undue pressure on the forefoot. However, anyone can develop bunions, and they are increasingly observed across all age groups, from teenagers to the elderly. The widespread nature of this condition shows the importance of recognizing early symptoms and seeking appropriate treatment. […] Doctors often perform two tests blood tests and x-rays when trying to diagnose bunions, especially in the early stages of development. Blood tests help determine if the foot pain is being caused by something else, such as arthritis, while x-rays provide a clear picture of your bone structure to your doctor.

• #3 Global prevalence and incidence of hallux valgus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10510234/

  Though hallux valgus is a common foot deformity, the integrated information on its global prevalence and incidence is relatively lacking. […] A total of 45 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The overall pooled estimated prevalence was 19% (95% CI, 13% to 25%) (n=186,262,669) for hallux valgus. […] The pooled prevalence of hallux valgus by gender was 23.74% (95% CI, 16.21% to 32.21%) for females and 11.43% (95% CI, 6.18% to 18%) for males. […] The prevalence was 11% (95% CI, 2% to 26%) in individuals younger than 20 years old, 12.22% in adults aged 20-60 years (95% CI, 5.86% to 20.46%) and 22.7% in elderly people aged over 60 years (95% CI, 13.1% to 33.98%). […] The global estimated pooled prevalence and incidence of hallux valgus was 19%. […] A higher prevalence of hallux valgus was found in females, Oceania countries, and among people aged over 60 years.

• #4 Global prevalence and incidence of hallux valgus: a systematic review and meta-analysis | Journal of Foot and Ankle Research | Full Text

  https://jfootankleres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13047-023-00661-9

  A total of 45 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The overall pooled estimated prevalence was 19% (95% CI, 13% to 25%) for hallux valgus. […] The pooled prevalence of hallux valgus by gender was 23.74% (95% CI, 16.21% to 32.21%) for females and 11.43% (95% CI, 6.18% to 18%) for males. […] The global estimated pooled prevalence and incidence of hallux valgus was 19%. […] A higher prevalence of hallux valgus was found in females, Oceania countries, and among people aged over 60 years. […] The prevalence was 11% (95% CI, 2% to 26%) in individuals younger than 20 years old, 12.22% in adults aged 20-60 years (95% CI, 5.86% to 20.46%) and 22.7% in elderly people aged over 60 years (95% CI, 13.1% to 33.98%). […] The prevalence of HV was higher in females compared with males, as well as increasing trends in age, the incidence rate of HV was more prevalent in elderly people aged over 60 years. […] The prevalence of HV varied greatly around the world, with high prevalence in Asia and Oceania. […] The global prevalence and incidence of HV was found higher in Oceania countries from the geographical distribution world map.

• #5 Epidemiology and impact of hallux valgus: more than just bunions | mijn-bsl

  https://mijn.bsl.nl/epidemiology-and-impact-of-hallux-valgus-more-than-just-bunions/7110728

  Hallux valgus (HV) is a common deformity characterized by progressive lateral deviation of the great toe at the first metatarsophalangeal joint (1st MTPJ). […] A recent systematic review estimated the prevalence of HV to be 23% in adults aged 18 to 65 years. […] HV poses a significant health problem, and associates with foot pain, poor balance, gait impairment, immobility, and risk of falling. […] Several recent studies have examined the relationship between HV and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Symptomatic HV appears to associate with reduced HRQOL. […] Importantly, the association of both the presence and severity of HV with impaired HRQOL is not limited to pain and physical function but extends to general health, vitality, social function, and mental health. […] Future prospective studies are required to identify risk factors for the development and progression of HV and hence possible targets for prevention and intervention.

• #6 Bunions: Symptoms, Causes, & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14386-bunions-hallux-valgus

  Bunions are very common. Experts estimate that around one-third of Americans have bunions. […] Anyone can develop a bunion. Certain groups of people who are more likely to have bunions include: Females. People whose biological parents have bunions or issues with their foot mechanics. More than 70% of people with bunions have a biological parent whos had them. […] Bunions need treatment if they cause pain. Even if its a simple solution like changing the kinds of shoes youre wearing, you still need to see a healthcare provider or podiatrist to diagnose a bunion.

• #7 Bunions (Hallux Valgus) – Common Foot Condition Myths & Facts | Podiatrists located in Chicago, Wheeling and Arlington Heights, IL | Global Podiatry

  https://www.globalpodiatry.com/post/bunions-hallux-valgus-common-foot-condition-myths-facts

  Bunions (Hallux Valgus) commonly misunderstood, this foot condition affects the lives of millions one of the most common foot problems in the world. Studies show that up one-third of adult Americans have bunion deformities or have had them. […] Bunions are Largely Hereditary. […] Gender Plays a Role. […] Bunions Will Only Get Worse. […] Bunions Involve More than Just the Big Toe.

• #8 Bunion Market Report 2032: Epidemiology Data, Pipeline Therapies, Latest FDA, EMA, PDMA Approvals by DelveInsight

  https://www.einpresswire.com/article/698366408/bunion-market-report-2032-epidemiology-data-pipeline-therapies-latest-fda-ema-pdma-approvals-by-delveinsight?ref=rss&code=YZavm_mRwsDMBxk3

  The Bunion market report gives an understanding of the Bunion market, epidemiology, pipeline therapies and companies working in the market. […] The Bunion market size is anticipated to grow with a significant CAGR during the study period (2019-2032). […] As per a study titled Epidemiology and impact of hallux valgus: more than just bunions, the estimated prevalence of Bunion was found to be 23% in adults aged 18 to 65 years. […] As per a study by Nix et al. (2010), National health surveys in the United States have reported a prevalence of 0.9% across all age groups, while another survey in the UK reported a prevalence of 28.4% in adults. […] Research conducted in elderly populations has indicated prevalence rates as high as 74%. […] According to the analysis, women are more frequently diagnosed with bunion compared to men.

• #9 How Common are bunions and what causes them? – Orthopaedics 360

  https://orthopaedics360.com.au/blog/how-common-are-bunions/

  Bunions are common. Very common. If you were to take a look at all of your friends and family members feet, the odds are that you will notice many bunions. […] A recent survey in the UK suggests that 28.4% of the total adult population have bunions. With around 75% of Australias population over the age of 18, this means that there are likely over 5 million people around Australia affected by bunions. […] Bunions are more common in females (At least twice as common and many estimates are much higher), and there is a progressive increase in prevalence as ones age increases. […] As you can see, bunions are a common issue in our community. They are more often seen in women and often have a hereditary origin.

• #10 Bunions 101—What You Need to Know – Welia Health

  https://www.weliahealth.org/2024/02/bunions-101-what-you-need-to-know/

  According to a National Foot Health Assessment, about 18 million American women and 4 million men report having bunions every year. They are also twice as common among people sixty years of age and older. […] Bunions can develop due to a combination of factors, including: […] Bunions have a strong hereditary component. Certain foot shapes and inherited structural defects can predispose individuals to developing bunions. […] Wearing high-heeled shoes or shoes that are too tight or narrow can increase the risk of bunions or exacerbate existing ones. […] Inflammatory arthritis conditions like rheumatoid arthritis can weaken the joints, increasing the risk of bunions. […] Bunions can be challenging and uncomfortable conditions to deal with. However, with proper knowledge, proactive measures, and timely intervention, you can find relief and manage the symptoms effectively. Remember, early detection and treatment are key to preventing the progression of bunions.

• #11 Bunion: Practice Essentials, Anatomy, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1235796-overview

  In the United States, the number of forefoot operations for the three most common forefoot ailments (HV, hammertoe, and intermetatarsal perineural fibrosis) is markedly higher in females than in males. The prevalence of HV is markedly higher in females, with studies reporting a female-to-male ratio of 8-9:1 and even as high as 15:1. […] This discrepancy is attributed to differences in footwear. […] With regard to age, the peak onset of HV is between the ages of 30 and 60 years, though it is likely that the initial changes occur during adolescence or even earlier in the case of juvenile HV.

• #12 Bunion: Practice Essentials, Anatomy, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1236005-overview

  In the United States, the number of forefoot operations for the three most common forefoot ailments (HV, hammertoe, and intermetatarsal perineural fibrosis) is markedly higher in females than in males. The prevalence of HV is markedly higher in females, with studies reporting a female-to-male ratio of 8-9:1 and even as high as 15:1. […] With regard to age, the peak onset of HV is between the ages of 30 and 60 years, though it is likely that the initial changes occur during adolescence or even earlier in the case of juvenile HV.

• #13 Bunion: MedlinePlus GeneticsLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/bunion/

  Bunions are a very common foot disorder, affecting about a third of adults in the United States. The prevalence of bunions increases with age. They are more common in women than in men, likely because of differences in foot anatomy, footwear, and genetic influences. […] The causes of bunions are unclear, although scientists suspect that both inherited and lifestyle factors contribute to their development. Studies suggest that congenital and juvenile hallux valgus tend to be related to joint deformities with a genetic cause. Little is known about the genetic contribution to bunions that occur later in life, and no specific genes involved in the development of bunions have been identified. […] Bunions are a complex condition without a clear pattern of inheritance. Many affected individuals have multiple family members who are also affected. The risk of developing bunions is greater for first-degree relatives of affected individuals (such as siblings or children) as compared to the general public.

• #14 Bunions | informedhealth.org

  https://www.informedhealth.org/bunions.html

  Bunions are far more common in women than in men probably because women often have weaker tendons and ligaments in their feet and are more likely to wear tight shoes with high heels. […] Although it’s not possible to say for sure how many people have a bunion, it’s estimated that about 1 in 5 have one to some degree. […] In many people, bunions never cause any real problems. In others, the foot continues to change, the pain gets worse and they have trouble walking.

• #15 Global prevalence and incidence of hallux valgus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10510234/

  The prevalence of HV was higher in females compared with males, as well as increasing trends in age, the incidence rate of HV was more prevalent in elderly people aged over 60 years. […] The prevalence of HV varied greatly around the world, with high prevalence in Asia and Oceania. […] The results of the present study clearly showed an increase in the prevalence of HV with age: 11% in individuals younger than 20 years old, 12.22% in adults aged 20 to 60 years and 22.7% in elderly people aged over 60 years.

• #16 What You Need to Know About Bunions

  https://www.slhn.org/blog/2023/what-you-need-to-know-about-bunions

  Bunions are more common in women, according to Dr. Mishko. This might be because womens shoes tend to be tighter in the front which constricts the foot, he says. […] Bunions tend to develop in older adults. According to NIH its thought one out of three people over the age of 65 has a bunion to some degree. […] Often, bunion development is due to family history, Dr. Mishko says, noting that 70 percent of the time that may be the reason. […] Bunions can occur in children, but when that happens, theres a 94 percent chance that its related to family history, says the podiatrist. […] People who have laxity in their jointsthose who might be double-jointed, have Down syndrome, or Ehlers-Danlos syndromemight be more prone to bunions. […] The prognosis for bunion treatments is generally very good, says Dr. Mishko. He sees success rates in pain score, lifestyle scoring, as well as low complication rates.

• #17 Small Deformity, Big Problem: Bunions Image a Large Number of People

  https://www.bunionpain.com/blog/small-deformity-big-problem-bunions-impact-a-large-number-of-people

  Bunions are caused by a deformity, called hallux valgus, which occurs when the first joint in your big toe rotates out of alignment. This causes your big toe to lean inward, crowd your other toes, and push out on the other sidewhere the characteristic bump forms. […] In fact, research estimates that between one-third and one-half of adults will get a bunion at some point in their lives. […] For example, one study that looked at the adults aged 65 and over in a diverse Massachusetts community found that 37% had bunions at the time research was conducted. […] Women are far more likely to develop bunions than men, no matter their age. […] The American Podiatric Medical Association says that parents who suffer from poor foot mechanics can pass their problematic foot type on to their children, who in turn are prone to developing bunions.

• #18 Bunions – OrthoInfo – American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons

  https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases–conditions/bunions/

  Bunions are more common in women than men. Seventy percent of people who develop bunions have a family history, which suggests there is a large genetic component to developing bunions. […] Most bunions develop in adulthood and may be the result of repetitive micro-trauma, possibly from wearing shoes with a heel lift and narrow toe box. […] Bunions may be caused by wearing poorly fitting shoes in particular, shoes with a narrow, pointed toe box that forces the toes into an unnatural position. […] Heredity some people inherit feet that are more likely to develop bunions due to their shape and structure. […] In most cases, bunions are treatable without surgery. […] Although nonsurgical treatment cannot actually reverse a bunion, it can help reduce pain and keep the bunion from worsening. […] Your doctor may recommend surgery for a bunion or bunionette if, after a period of time, you have pain and difficulty walking despite changes in footwear and other nonsurgical treatments.

• #19 Small Deformity, Big Problem: Bunions Image a Large Number of People

  https://www.bunionpain.com/blog/small-deformity-big-problem-bunions-impact-a-large-number-of-people

  Some people, such as those who self-identified as Black, were more likely to develop bunions than others. […] Tight, narrow, and high-heeled shoes have often been accused of being the cause of many womens bunions. […] Some medical conditions can also mean a higher likelihood of developing bunions.

• #20 Women, Blacks at Greater Risk for Bunions | MedPage Today

  https://www.medpagetoday.com/rheumatology/arthritis/48939

  A large cohort study has confirmed several risk factors associated with hallux valgus: female sex, African-American race, older age, pes planus and knee/hip osteoarthritis (OA). […] The prevalence of hallux valgus in the total sample was high at 64%. Prevalence in race-gender subgroups was as follows: African-American men, 69%; African-American women, 70%; Caucasian men, 54%; Caucasian women, 65%. […] The authors noted that the association between hallux valgus and knee-hip OA may signify lower-extremity OA, as reported in the Clearwater Osteoarthritis Study.

• #21 Bunions 101 | Advanced Foot & Ankle Care Specialists

  https://afcdallas.com/bunions-101/

  Bunions can be caused by one or more of the following: […] Generally speaking, people with flatter feet tend to develop bunions while people with higher arches tend not to. […] Bunions are a progressive deformity, meaning they get worse over time. […] Because they are progressive, they dont go away and usually get worse over time. […] The surgical box is much more complex. […] Because the bunion is severe, it needs to be addressed at the apex of the deformity.

• #22 Epidemiology and impact of hallux valgus: more than just bunions

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3102914/

  HV poses a significant health problem, and associates with foot pain, poor balance, gait impairment, immobility, and risk of falling. The likelihood of 1st MTPJ osteoarthritis (OA) increases with HV severity but nodal OA and pain at the low back, hip and knee are also associated with HV, suggesting that it is a component of generalised OA. Several recent studies have examined the relationship between HV and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Symptomatic HV appears to associate with reduced HRQOL. However, both general and foot-specific HRQOL are progressively lower with increasing severity of HV deformity, regardless of foot pain. Importantly, the association of both the presence and severity of HV with impaired HRQOL is not limited to pain and physical function but extends to general health, vitality, social function, and mental health. In summary, the impact of HV extends beyond local influence on foot OA, balance, gait and falls, to impair HRQOL. Future prospective studies are required to identify risk factors for the development and progression of HV and hence possible targets for prevention and intervention.

• #23 Bunions and Other Health Issues | Austin Podiatrists | Austin Foot and Ankle Specialists

  https://www.austinfootandankle.com/faqs/bunions-lead-to-other-foot-problems.cfm

  Bunions are a progressive condition, meaning they tend to worsen over time without proper intervention. […] Given the potential complications that can arise from untreated bunions, it’s crucial to seek professional care from a skilled podiatrist as soon as possible. Early intervention can help slow the progression of the deformity and prevent additional foot problems from developing. […] Untreated bunions can also increase your risk of falls and injuries, especially as you age. The altered foot mechanics and potential pain can affect your balance and stability, making it more difficult to maintain proper footing on uneven surfaces. […] In the early stages of bunion development, your podiatrist may recommend various conservative treatments to help manage symptoms and slow the progression of the deformity.

• #24 Prevalence of bunions increases with age; more common in women | ScienceDaily

  https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/02/110223092217.htm

  Bunion deformity was found in 36% of the study population and occurred more frequently in women and older individuals. […] The prevalence of bunion deformity was greater in women and increased with age. […] The study authors found that the impact of increasing hallux valgus severity on HRQOL is independent of age, sex, education, BMI, and pain in other regions.

• #25 What to Do About Your Bunions | TIME

  https://time.com/6970347/bunions-treatment-stigma/

  More than 25% of people worldwide have bunions and the deformity, which is particularly prevalent among older people, is more likely to affect women than men. […] It’s not talked about a lot but it is an insecurity that patients have, says Dr. Dana Brems, a podiatric foot and ankle surgery specialist in Los Angeles. […] Once people have a symptomatic bunion, Phillips says, there’s a fairly high frequency of other problems involving the foot. […] Podiatrists don’t tend to operate on bunions just for cosmetic reasons, but bunion correction surgery is the go-to treatment for people who experience continuous pain and find it difficult to walk.

• #26 Bunion Market Report 2032: Epidemiology Data, Pipeline Therapies, Latest FDA, EMA, PDMA Approvals by DelveInsight

  https://www.einpresswire.com/article/698366408/bunion-market-report-2032-epidemiology-data-pipeline-therapies-latest-fda-ema-pdma-approvals-by-delveinsight?ref=rss&code=YZavm_mRwsDMBxk3

  The Bunion market is expected to surge due to the disease’s increasing prevalence and awareness during the forecast period. […] The epidemiology section provides insights into the historical, current, and forecasted epidemiology trends in the seven major countries (7MM) from 2019 to 2032. […] The Bunion market report proffers epidemiological analysis for the study period 2019-2032 in the 7MM segmented into: Total Prevalence of Bunion, Prevalent Cases of Bunion by severity, Gender-specific Prevalence of Bunion, Diagnosed Cases of Episodic and Chronic Bunion.

• #27 Bunion – Market Insight, Epidemiology and Market Forecast – 2030

  https://marketpublishers.com/report/life_sciences/pharmaceuticals/bunion-market-insight-epidemiology-n-market-forecast-2030.html

  This report can be delivered to the clients within 7-10 Business Days. DelveInsight’s 'Bunion – Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast-2030′ report delivers an in-depth understanding of the Bunion, historical and forecasted epidemiology as well as the Bunion market trends in the United States, EU5 (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and United Kingdom) and Japan. […] The Bunion epidemiology division provide insights about historical and current Bunion patient pool and forecasted trend for every seven major countries. It helps to recognize the causes of current and forecasted trends by exploring numerous studies and views of key opinion leaders. This part of the DelveInsight report also provides the diagnosed patient pool and their trends along with assumptions undertaken. […] The disease epidemiology covered in the report provides historical as well as forecasted Bunion epidemiology scenario in the 7MM covering the United States, EU5 countries (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and the United Kingdom), and Japan from 2017 to 2030.

• #28 Bunions: A review of management

  https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2020/november/bunions

  Bunions are a common complaint, particularly among older female patients. […] Increased prevalence is seen in women and older patients. In the Australian population, 82.3% of patients who present to their GP with bunions as their chief complaint are female, and 80.5% of patients are aged 45 years. […] The overall prevalence in the adult population is 23%. […] The natural history of bunions is generally progression of deformity over time, rather than stable symptoms or improvement. […] Referral to an orthopaedic specialist is recommended if the patient has a painful prominence, has exhausted non-operative management and is a suitable operative candidate. […] Once non-operative management has been exhausted, referral to an orthopaedic specialist is recommended. […] Delayed surgical intervention may be appropriate in cases of juvenile bunion as surgery should be avoided until the patient reaches skeletal maturity, if possible. […] The goal of surgery is pain relief, and cosmetic concerns and footwear difficulties may persist despite a successful operation.

• #29 Bunions

  https://www.foothealthfacts.org/conditions/bunions

  Bunions are a progressive disorder. They begin with a leaning of the big toe, gradually changing the angle of the bones over the years and slowly producing the characteristic bump, which becomes increasingly prominent. […] Because bunions are progressive, they do not go away and will usually get worse over time. But not all cases are alike—some bunions progress more rapidly than others.

• #30 Epidemiology and impact of hallux valgus: more than just bunions | Journal of Foot and Ankle Research | Full Text

  https://jfootankleres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1757-1146-4-S1-A8

  Hallux valgus (HV) is a common deformity characterized by progressive lateral deviation of the great toe at the first metatarsophalangeal joint (1st MTPJ). A recent systematic review estimated the prevalence of HV to be 23% in adults aged 18 to 65 years. It becomes more frequent with increasing age and is more prevalent in women than men. Several potential risk factors for HV have been identified. HV poses a significant health problem, and associates with foot pain, poor balance, gait impairment, immobility, and risk of falling. The likelihood of 1st MTPJ osteoarthritis (OA) increases with HV severity but nodal OA and pain at the low back, hip and knee are also associated with HV, suggesting that it is a component of generalised OA. Several recent studies have examined the relationship between HV and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Symptomatic HV appears to associate with reduced HRQOL. Importantly, the association of both the presence and severity of HV with impaired HRQOL is not limited to pain and physical function but extends to general health, vitality, social function, and mental health. Future prospective studies are required to identify risk factors for the development and progression of HV and hence possible targets for prevention and intervention.

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