Ból głowy napięciowy
Rokowania, prognozy i postęp choroby

Ból głowy napięciowy (BGN) cechuje się stosunkowo korzystnym rokowaniem, zwłaszcza w porównaniu z migreną, z remisją obserwowaną u 40-53,4% pacjentów w badaniach długoterminowych (12-22 lata). W populacji pediatrycznej poprawa dotyczy aż 82% chorych, a całkowita remisja występuje u 45%, co jest dwukrotnie wyższym wskaźnikiem niż w migrenie (24%). Negatywne czynniki prognostyczne obejmują młody wiek, płeć żeńską, współistniejące dolegliwości mięśniowo-szkieletowe oraz zaburzenia lękowe i depresyjne. Dodatkowo, obciążenie rodzinne, patologie okresu noworodkowego, choroby przebyte po 1. roku życia oraz zaburzenia psychospołeczne u młodzieży zwiększają ryzyko rozwoju BGN. Skala prognostyczna pozwala ocenić ryzyko rozwoju BGN w zakresie od 25,27 do 81,43 punktów, z podziałem na niskie, średnie i wysokie prawdopodobieństwo.

  1. Prognoza bólu głowy napięciowego
    1. Ogólna prognoza bólu głowy napięciowego
    2. Prognoza u dzieci i młodzieży
    3. Czynniki wpływające na prognozę
    4. Znaczenie poczucia samoskuteczności w rokowaniu
    5. Trendy czasowe i zmienność występowania
  2. Podsumowanie rokowania
    1. Kolejne rozdziały

Prognoza bólu głowy napięciowego

Ból głowy napięciowy (BGN) stanowi istotny problem w neurologii, szczególnie ze względu na jego rozpowszechnienie, tendencję do przechodzenia w formę przewlekłą oraz negatywny wpływ na funkcjonowanie pacjentów zarówno w życiu zawodowym, jak i prywatnym. Prognoza tej jednostki chorobowej jest zróżnicowana i zależy od wielu czynników, które zostaną omówione w niniejszym artykule.1

Ogólna prognoza bólu głowy napięciowego

Wyniki badań epidemiologicznych wskazują, że ból głowy napięciowy wykazuje tendencję do remisji w znaczącym odsetku przypadków, szczególnie w porównaniu z migreną. W populacyjnym duńskim badaniu z 12-letnim okresem obserwacji, remisja bólów głowy (w tym BGN) wystąpiła u 40-45% badanych osób.2 W innym długoterminowym badaniu o 22-letnim okresie obserwacji, wśród osób cierpiących na bóle głowy w początkowym badaniu HUNT2, aż 53,4% nie zgłaszało już bólów głowy w badaniu HUNT4, natomiast 27,2% spełniało kryteria bólu głowy napięciowego.3

Prognoza u dzieci i młodzieży

Szczególnie korzystną prognozę obserwuje się u pacjentów pediatrycznych z bólem głowy napięciowym. Długoterminowe badania wykazują, że większość dzieci i młodzieży z BGN doświadcza znaczącej poprawy w perspektywie długoterminowej.4

W 10-letnim badaniu obserwacyjnym pacjentów pediatrycznych z BGN stwierdzono, że:56

  • 82% pacjentów doświadczyło poprawy w średnim okresie obserwacji wynoszącym 9,7 lat
  • 45% pacjentów osiągnęło całkowitą remisję bólów głowy
  • Dzieci z rozpoznaniem BGN miały dwukrotnie większą szansę na całkowite ustąpienie bólów głowy w porównaniu z pacjentami z migreną (45% vs 24%)

78

Czynniki wpływające na prognozę

Zidentyfikowano szereg czynników, które mogą wpływać na przebieg i rokowanie w bólu głowy napięciowego:910

Czynniki demograficzne

Młody wiek i płeć żeńska są istotnymi czynnikami związanymi z gorszym rokowaniem, definiowanym jako utrzymywanie się bólów głowy w długoterminowej obserwacji. W badaniach HUNT wykazano, że te czynniki wiązały się ze zwiększonym ryzykiem raportowania bólów głowy we wszystkich trzech cyklach badań.11

Czynniki współtowarzyszące

Występowanie dolegliwości mięśniowo-szkieletowych oraz wysoki poziom lęku i/lub depresji wiążą się z istotnie zwiększonym ryzykiem raportowania bólów głowy, co może sugerować ich negatywny wpływ na rokowanie.12

Czynniki ryzyka rozwoju bólu głowy napięciowego

Badania nad czynnikami ryzyka rozwoju BGN wskazują na istotne znaczenie następujących elementów:13

  • Obciążenie rodzinne w kierunku bólów głowy i dysfunkcji autonomicznej
  • Patologia okresu noworodkowego
  • Choroby przebyte po 1. roku życia
  • Zaburzenia psychospołeczne u młodzieży

14

Opracowano skalę prognostyczną, w której ryzyko rozwoju bólu głowy napięciowego waha się od 25,27 do 81,43 wartości współczynnika prognostycznego, z podziałem na trzy poziomy prawdopodobieństwa:15

  • Niskie prawdopodobieństwo (25,27-43,99)
  • Średnie prawdopodobieństwo (43,99-62,71)
  • Wysokie prawdopodobieństwo (62,71-81,43)

16

Znaczenie poczucia samoskuteczności w rokowaniu

Interesującym aspektem rokowniczym jest rola poczucia własnej skuteczności w radzeniu sobie z bólem (pain self-efficacy). Badania nad tym czynnikiem wykazały, że:17

Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) sam w sobie nie jest skutecznym predyktorem wyniku leczenia, jednak krótkoterminowa zmiana w PSEQ może pośredniczyć w poprawie wyników terapeutycznych, choć w minimalnym stopniu.18

W badaniu CHESS (Chronic Headache Education and Self-management Study) interwencja terapeutyczna poprawiła wartości PSEQ o 2,34 jednostki (95% CI, 0,484 do 4,187), co przełożyło się na poprawę wyniku w skali HIT-6 (Headache Impact Test) o 0,21 jednostki (95% CI, 0,03 do 0,45) po 12 miesiącach.19

Największy efekt pośredniczący zaobserwowano w zakresie funkcji emocjonalnej mierzonej kwestionariuszem CH-QLQ (wzrost o 1,12 jednostki; 95% CI, 0,22 do 2,20).20

Standaryzowana średnia różnica wynosząca 0,17 sugeruje, że potrzebna byłaby znacznie bardziej intensywna i/lub dłuższa interwencja, aby uzyskać klinicznie istotny efekt.21

Trendy czasowe i zmienność występowania

Dane z badań populacyjnych wskazują na zmienność w występowaniu bólu głowy napięciowego w czasie. W porównaniu z roczną częstością występowania w badaniu HUNT3, w badaniu HUNT4 zaobserwowano wyższy odsetek uczestników z bólem głowy napięciowym (20,7% vs. 15,9%, p<0.001).22 Ta zmienność epidemiologiczna może mieć implikacje dla prognozowania obciążenia tą chorobą na poziomie populacyjnym.

Podsumowanie rokowania

Ból głowy napięciowy charakteryzuje się stosunkowo korzystnym rokowaniem, szczególnie w porównaniu z migreną. Znaczący odsetek pacjentów, zwłaszcza w populacji pediatrycznej, doświadcza remisji lub znacznego złagodzenia objawów w perspektywie długoterminowej. Czynniki takie jak młody wiek, płeć żeńska, współwystępowanie zaburzeń mięśniowo-szkieletowych oraz problemy psychiczne (lęk, depresja) mogą niekorzystnie wpływać na rokowanie.232425

Interwencje terapeutyczne ukierunkowane na zwiększenie poczucia własnej skuteczności w radzeniu sobie z bólem mogą przynieść pewną poprawę, jednak ich efekt jest zazwyczaj niewielki, co sugeruje potrzebę opracowania bardziej intensywnych i kompleksowych metod leczenia.26

Kolejne rozdziały

Zapraszamy do dalszego czytania naszego leksykonu.

Wybierz kolejny rozdział z menu poniżej, aby otworzyć nową podstronę kompedium wiedzy i uzyskać szczegółowe informację o leku, substancji lub chorobie.

  1. 16.04.2026
  2. www.leksykon.com.pl

Materiały źródłowe

  • #1
    http://zmj.zsmu.edu.ua/article/view/79703
    Tension-type headache is the actual problem of adolescent neurology, which is associated with the prevalence of the disease, the tendency of the disease to the chronic course and a negative impact on performance in education, work capacity and quality of patients life. […] The risk of tension-type headache development ranged from 25,27 to 81,43 values of prognostic coefficient (low probability (25,27-43,99), the average probability (43,99-62,71) and high probability (62,71- 81,43)). […] The study of tension-type headache risk factors, which were obtained by using an assessed and prognostic table, shows the importance of hereditary family history of headache and autonomic dysfunction, neonatal pathology, diseases that children were suffered after 1 year of life and psychosocial disorders in adolescents.
  • #2 Time trends of major headache diagnoses and predictive factors. Data from three Nord-Trøndelag health surveys | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
    https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-020-01095-5
    Compared with the 1-year prevalence in HUNT3, a higher proportion of participants in HUNT4 had tension-type headache (20.7% vs. 15.9%, p0.001) […] Young age, female sex, and occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints and high score of anxiety and/or depression were all associated with substantially increased risk of reporting headache in all three surveys. […] In a population-based 12-year follow-up study from Denmark, remission occurred in 40-45% of individuals with previous headache. […] During the 22-year follow-up, 53.4% of individuals who suffered from headache in HUNT2 were without headache in HUNT4, whereas 12.5% fulfilled the migraine criteria, 27.2% TTH, 0.7% MOH and 6.2% other types of headache. […] In the present study young age and female gender were important factors for poor prognosis defined as reporting headache in all three surveys.
  • #3 Time trends of major headache diagnoses and predictive factors. Data from three Nord-Trøndelag health surveys | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
    https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-020-01095-5
    Compared with the 1-year prevalence in HUNT3, a higher proportion of participants in HUNT4 had tension-type headache (20.7% vs. 15.9%, p0.001) […] Young age, female sex, and occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints and high score of anxiety and/or depression were all associated with substantially increased risk of reporting headache in all three surveys. […] In a population-based 12-year follow-up study from Denmark, remission occurred in 40-45% of individuals with previous headache. […] During the 22-year follow-up, 53.4% of individuals who suffered from headache in HUNT2 were without headache in HUNT4, whereas 12.5% fulfilled the migraine criteria, 27.2% TTH, 0.7% MOH and 6.2% other types of headache. […] In the present study young age and female gender were important factors for poor prognosis defined as reporting headache in all three surveys.
  • #4 Outcomes of Migraine and Tension-Type Headache in Children and Adolescents
    https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/7/684
    Most pediatric patients presenting with migraine or TTH will experience a favorable outcome over 10 years, with TTH patients having twice the chance of complete resolution. […] The long-term prognosis of TTH in the pediatric age group has not yet been studied thoroughly. […] Our findings show that among pediatric-onset migraine patients, 81% improved in regard to the existence and frequency of headache episodes over an average period of 9.3 years, with 24% enjoying complete remission. However, 76% still reported suffering headache episodes, with 60% still meeting migraine criteria and 16% now fulfilling the criteria for TTH. […] Among the TTH patients, our findings indicate that 82% improved during the average time of 9.7 years until follow-up, with 45% experiencing complete remission of headache episodes.
  • #5 Outcomes of Migraine and Tension-Type Headache in Children and Adolescents
    https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/7/684
    Most pediatric patients presenting with migraine or TTH will experience a favorable outcome over 10 years, with TTH patients having twice the chance of complete resolution. […] The long-term prognosis of TTH in the pediatric age group has not yet been studied thoroughly. […] Our findings show that among pediatric-onset migraine patients, 81% improved in regard to the existence and frequency of headache episodes over an average period of 9.3 years, with 24% enjoying complete remission. However, 76% still reported suffering headache episodes, with 60% still meeting migraine criteria and 16% now fulfilling the criteria for TTH. […] Among the TTH patients, our findings indicate that 82% improved during the average time of 9.7 years until follow-up, with 45% experiencing complete remission of headache episodes.
  • #6 Outcomes of Migraine and Tension-Type Headache in Children and Adolescents
    https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/7/684
    In a ten-year follow-up study of pediatric patients diagnosed with either migraine or TTH, most patients had a favorable outcome, with improvement of their headache episodes. Children diagnosed with TTH had a better prognosis for being headache-free at follow-up than those diagnosed initially with migraine.
  • #7 Outcomes of Migraine and Tension-Type Headache in Children and Adolescents
    https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/7/684
    Most pediatric patients presenting with migraine or TTH will experience a favorable outcome over 10 years, with TTH patients having twice the chance of complete resolution. […] The long-term prognosis of TTH in the pediatric age group has not yet been studied thoroughly. […] Our findings show that among pediatric-onset migraine patients, 81% improved in regard to the existence and frequency of headache episodes over an average period of 9.3 years, with 24% enjoying complete remission. However, 76% still reported suffering headache episodes, with 60% still meeting migraine criteria and 16% now fulfilling the criteria for TTH. […] Among the TTH patients, our findings indicate that 82% improved during the average time of 9.7 years until follow-up, with 45% experiencing complete remission of headache episodes.
  • #8 Outcomes of Migraine and Tension-Type Headache in Children and Adolescents
    https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/7/684
    In a ten-year follow-up study of pediatric patients diagnosed with either migraine or TTH, most patients had a favorable outcome, with improvement of their headache episodes. Children diagnosed with TTH had a better prognosis for being headache-free at follow-up than those diagnosed initially with migraine.
  • #9 Time trends of major headache diagnoses and predictive factors. Data from three Nord-Trøndelag health surveys | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
    https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-020-01095-5
    Compared with the 1-year prevalence in HUNT3, a higher proportion of participants in HUNT4 had tension-type headache (20.7% vs. 15.9%, p0.001) […] Young age, female sex, and occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints and high score of anxiety and/or depression were all associated with substantially increased risk of reporting headache in all three surveys. […] In a population-based 12-year follow-up study from Denmark, remission occurred in 40-45% of individuals with previous headache. […] During the 22-year follow-up, 53.4% of individuals who suffered from headache in HUNT2 were without headache in HUNT4, whereas 12.5% fulfilled the migraine criteria, 27.2% TTH, 0.7% MOH and 6.2% other types of headache. […] In the present study young age and female gender were important factors for poor prognosis defined as reporting headache in all three surveys.
  • #10
    http://zmj.zsmu.edu.ua/article/view/79703
    Tension-type headache is the actual problem of adolescent neurology, which is associated with the prevalence of the disease, the tendency of the disease to the chronic course and a negative impact on performance in education, work capacity and quality of patients life. […] The risk of tension-type headache development ranged from 25,27 to 81,43 values of prognostic coefficient (low probability (25,27-43,99), the average probability (43,99-62,71) and high probability (62,71- 81,43)). […] The study of tension-type headache risk factors, which were obtained by using an assessed and prognostic table, shows the importance of hereditary family history of headache and autonomic dysfunction, neonatal pathology, diseases that children were suffered after 1 year of life and psychosocial disorders in adolescents.
  • #11 Time trends of major headache diagnoses and predictive factors. Data from three Nord-Trøndelag health surveys | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
    https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-020-01095-5
    Compared with the 1-year prevalence in HUNT3, a higher proportion of participants in HUNT4 had tension-type headache (20.7% vs. 15.9%, p0.001) […] Young age, female sex, and occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints and high score of anxiety and/or depression were all associated with substantially increased risk of reporting headache in all three surveys. […] In a population-based 12-year follow-up study from Denmark, remission occurred in 40-45% of individuals with previous headache. […] During the 22-year follow-up, 53.4% of individuals who suffered from headache in HUNT2 were without headache in HUNT4, whereas 12.5% fulfilled the migraine criteria, 27.2% TTH, 0.7% MOH and 6.2% other types of headache. […] In the present study young age and female gender were important factors for poor prognosis defined as reporting headache in all three surveys.
  • #12 Time trends of major headache diagnoses and predictive factors. Data from three Nord-Trøndelag health surveys | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
    https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-020-01095-5
    Compared with the 1-year prevalence in HUNT3, a higher proportion of participants in HUNT4 had tension-type headache (20.7% vs. 15.9%, p0.001) […] Young age, female sex, and occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints and high score of anxiety and/or depression were all associated with substantially increased risk of reporting headache in all three surveys. […] In a population-based 12-year follow-up study from Denmark, remission occurred in 40-45% of individuals with previous headache. […] During the 22-year follow-up, 53.4% of individuals who suffered from headache in HUNT2 were without headache in HUNT4, whereas 12.5% fulfilled the migraine criteria, 27.2% TTH, 0.7% MOH and 6.2% other types of headache. […] In the present study young age and female gender were important factors for poor prognosis defined as reporting headache in all three surveys.
  • #13
    http://zmj.zsmu.edu.ua/article/view/79703
    Tension-type headache is the actual problem of adolescent neurology, which is associated with the prevalence of the disease, the tendency of the disease to the chronic course and a negative impact on performance in education, work capacity and quality of patients life. […] The risk of tension-type headache development ranged from 25,27 to 81,43 values of prognostic coefficient (low probability (25,27-43,99), the average probability (43,99-62,71) and high probability (62,71- 81,43)). […] The study of tension-type headache risk factors, which were obtained by using an assessed and prognostic table, shows the importance of hereditary family history of headache and autonomic dysfunction, neonatal pathology, diseases that children were suffered after 1 year of life and psychosocial disorders in adolescents.
  • #14
    http://zmj.zsmu.edu.ua/article/view/79703
    Tension-type headache is the actual problem of adolescent neurology, which is associated with the prevalence of the disease, the tendency of the disease to the chronic course and a negative impact on performance in education, work capacity and quality of patients life. […] The risk of tension-type headache development ranged from 25,27 to 81,43 values of prognostic coefficient (low probability (25,27-43,99), the average probability (43,99-62,71) and high probability (62,71- 81,43)). […] The study of tension-type headache risk factors, which were obtained by using an assessed and prognostic table, shows the importance of hereditary family history of headache and autonomic dysfunction, neonatal pathology, diseases that children were suffered after 1 year of life and psychosocial disorders in adolescents.
  • #15
    http://zmj.zsmu.edu.ua/article/view/79703
    Tension-type headache is the actual problem of adolescent neurology, which is associated with the prevalence of the disease, the tendency of the disease to the chronic course and a negative impact on performance in education, work capacity and quality of patients life. […] The risk of tension-type headache development ranged from 25,27 to 81,43 values of prognostic coefficient (low probability (25,27-43,99), the average probability (43,99-62,71) and high probability (62,71- 81,43)). […] The study of tension-type headache risk factors, which were obtained by using an assessed and prognostic table, shows the importance of hereditary family history of headache and autonomic dysfunction, neonatal pathology, diseases that children were suffered after 1 year of life and psychosocial disorders in adolescents.
  • #16
    http://zmj.zsmu.edu.ua/article/view/79703
    Tension-type headache is the actual problem of adolescent neurology, which is associated with the prevalence of the disease, the tendency of the disease to the chronic course and a negative impact on performance in education, work capacity and quality of patients life. […] The risk of tension-type headache development ranged from 25,27 to 81,43 values of prognostic coefficient (low probability (25,27-43,99), the average probability (43,99-62,71) and high probability (62,71- 81,43)). […] The study of tension-type headache risk factors, which were obtained by using an assessed and prognostic table, shows the importance of hereditary family history of headache and autonomic dysfunction, neonatal pathology, diseases that children were suffered after 1 year of life and psychosocial disorders in adolescents.
  • #17 Does pain self-efficacy predict, moderate or mediate outcomes in people with chronic headache; an exploratory analysis of the CHESS trial | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
    https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-024-01768-5
    PSEQ was not an effective predictor of outcome. […] However, change of short-term PSEQ mediated all outcomes, albeit minimally. […] The CHESS intervention improved the mediated variable, PSEQ, by 2.34 (95% CI, 0.484 to 4.187) units and this corresponds to an increase of 0.21 (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.45) units in HIT-6 at 12-months. […] The largest mediated effect was observed on the CH-QLQ Emotional Function, an increase of 1.12 (95% CI, 0.22 to 2.20). […] Our observed standardised mean difference of 0.17 is even smaller indicating that a much more intense and/or lengthier intervention would be needed to have a clinically worthwhile effect. […] The CHESS intervention has positive effect on self-efficacy at four months. This change in self-efficacy mediates an improvement in HIT-6 scores at 12 months, but is very minimal.
  • #18 Does pain self-efficacy predict, moderate or mediate outcomes in people with chronic headache; an exploratory analysis of the CHESS trial | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
    https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-024-01768-5
    PSEQ was not an effective predictor of outcome. […] However, change of short-term PSEQ mediated all outcomes, albeit minimally. […] The CHESS intervention improved the mediated variable, PSEQ, by 2.34 (95% CI, 0.484 to 4.187) units and this corresponds to an increase of 0.21 (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.45) units in HIT-6 at 12-months. […] The largest mediated effect was observed on the CH-QLQ Emotional Function, an increase of 1.12 (95% CI, 0.22 to 2.20). […] Our observed standardised mean difference of 0.17 is even smaller indicating that a much more intense and/or lengthier intervention would be needed to have a clinically worthwhile effect. […] The CHESS intervention has positive effect on self-efficacy at four months. This change in self-efficacy mediates an improvement in HIT-6 scores at 12 months, but is very minimal.
  • #19 Does pain self-efficacy predict, moderate or mediate outcomes in people with chronic headache; an exploratory analysis of the CHESS trial | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
    https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-024-01768-5
    PSEQ was not an effective predictor of outcome. […] However, change of short-term PSEQ mediated all outcomes, albeit minimally. […] The CHESS intervention improved the mediated variable, PSEQ, by 2.34 (95% CI, 0.484 to 4.187) units and this corresponds to an increase of 0.21 (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.45) units in HIT-6 at 12-months. […] The largest mediated effect was observed on the CH-QLQ Emotional Function, an increase of 1.12 (95% CI, 0.22 to 2.20). […] Our observed standardised mean difference of 0.17 is even smaller indicating that a much more intense and/or lengthier intervention would be needed to have a clinically worthwhile effect. […] The CHESS intervention has positive effect on self-efficacy at four months. This change in self-efficacy mediates an improvement in HIT-6 scores at 12 months, but is very minimal.
  • #20 Does pain self-efficacy predict, moderate or mediate outcomes in people with chronic headache; an exploratory analysis of the CHESS trial | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
    https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-024-01768-5
    PSEQ was not an effective predictor of outcome. […] However, change of short-term PSEQ mediated all outcomes, albeit minimally. […] The CHESS intervention improved the mediated variable, PSEQ, by 2.34 (95% CI, 0.484 to 4.187) units and this corresponds to an increase of 0.21 (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.45) units in HIT-6 at 12-months. […] The largest mediated effect was observed on the CH-QLQ Emotional Function, an increase of 1.12 (95% CI, 0.22 to 2.20). […] Our observed standardised mean difference of 0.17 is even smaller indicating that a much more intense and/or lengthier intervention would be needed to have a clinically worthwhile effect. […] The CHESS intervention has positive effect on self-efficacy at four months. This change in self-efficacy mediates an improvement in HIT-6 scores at 12 months, but is very minimal.
  • #21 Does pain self-efficacy predict, moderate or mediate outcomes in people with chronic headache; an exploratory analysis of the CHESS trial | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
    https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-024-01768-5
    PSEQ was not an effective predictor of outcome. […] However, change of short-term PSEQ mediated all outcomes, albeit minimally. […] The CHESS intervention improved the mediated variable, PSEQ, by 2.34 (95% CI, 0.484 to 4.187) units and this corresponds to an increase of 0.21 (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.45) units in HIT-6 at 12-months. […] The largest mediated effect was observed on the CH-QLQ Emotional Function, an increase of 1.12 (95% CI, 0.22 to 2.20). […] Our observed standardised mean difference of 0.17 is even smaller indicating that a much more intense and/or lengthier intervention would be needed to have a clinically worthwhile effect. […] The CHESS intervention has positive effect on self-efficacy at four months. This change in self-efficacy mediates an improvement in HIT-6 scores at 12 months, but is very minimal.
  • #22 Time trends of major headache diagnoses and predictive factors. Data from three Nord-Trøndelag health surveys | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
    https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-020-01095-5
    Compared with the 1-year prevalence in HUNT3, a higher proportion of participants in HUNT4 had tension-type headache (20.7% vs. 15.9%, p0.001) […] Young age, female sex, and occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints and high score of anxiety and/or depression were all associated with substantially increased risk of reporting headache in all three surveys. […] In a population-based 12-year follow-up study from Denmark, remission occurred in 40-45% of individuals with previous headache. […] During the 22-year follow-up, 53.4% of individuals who suffered from headache in HUNT2 were without headache in HUNT4, whereas 12.5% fulfilled the migraine criteria, 27.2% TTH, 0.7% MOH and 6.2% other types of headache. […] In the present study young age and female gender were important factors for poor prognosis defined as reporting headache in all three surveys.
  • #23 Time trends of major headache diagnoses and predictive factors. Data from three Nord-Trøndelag health surveys | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
    https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-020-01095-5
    Compared with the 1-year prevalence in HUNT3, a higher proportion of participants in HUNT4 had tension-type headache (20.7% vs. 15.9%, p0.001) […] Young age, female sex, and occurrence of musculoskeletal complaints and high score of anxiety and/or depression were all associated with substantially increased risk of reporting headache in all three surveys. […] In a population-based 12-year follow-up study from Denmark, remission occurred in 40-45% of individuals with previous headache. […] During the 22-year follow-up, 53.4% of individuals who suffered from headache in HUNT2 were without headache in HUNT4, whereas 12.5% fulfilled the migraine criteria, 27.2% TTH, 0.7% MOH and 6.2% other types of headache. […] In the present study young age and female gender were important factors for poor prognosis defined as reporting headache in all three surveys.
  • #24 Outcomes of Migraine and Tension-Type Headache in Children and Adolescents
    https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/7/684
    Most pediatric patients presenting with migraine or TTH will experience a favorable outcome over 10 years, with TTH patients having twice the chance of complete resolution. […] The long-term prognosis of TTH in the pediatric age group has not yet been studied thoroughly. […] Our findings show that among pediatric-onset migraine patients, 81% improved in regard to the existence and frequency of headache episodes over an average period of 9.3 years, with 24% enjoying complete remission. However, 76% still reported suffering headache episodes, with 60% still meeting migraine criteria and 16% now fulfilling the criteria for TTH. […] Among the TTH patients, our findings indicate that 82% improved during the average time of 9.7 years until follow-up, with 45% experiencing complete remission of headache episodes.
  • #25 Outcomes of Migraine and Tension-Type Headache in Children and Adolescents
    https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/7/684
    In a ten-year follow-up study of pediatric patients diagnosed with either migraine or TTH, most patients had a favorable outcome, with improvement of their headache episodes. Children diagnosed with TTH had a better prognosis for being headache-free at follow-up than those diagnosed initially with migraine.
  • #26 Does pain self-efficacy predict, moderate or mediate outcomes in people with chronic headache; an exploratory analysis of the CHESS trial | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text
    https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-024-01768-5
    PSEQ was not an effective predictor of outcome. […] However, change of short-term PSEQ mediated all outcomes, albeit minimally. […] The CHESS intervention improved the mediated variable, PSEQ, by 2.34 (95% CI, 0.484 to 4.187) units and this corresponds to an increase of 0.21 (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.45) units in HIT-6 at 12-months. […] The largest mediated effect was observed on the CH-QLQ Emotional Function, an increase of 1.12 (95% CI, 0.22 to 2.20). […] Our observed standardised mean difference of 0.17 is even smaller indicating that a much more intense and/or lengthier intervention would be needed to have a clinically worthwhile effect. […] The CHESS intervention has positive effect on self-efficacy at four months. This change in self-efficacy mediates an improvement in HIT-6 scores at 12 months, but is very minimal.

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