Zespół chorego budynku
Objawy

Zespół chorego budynku (SBS) to zespół niespecyficznych objawów, takich jak podrażnienie błon śluzowych oczu, nosa i gardła, zmęczenie psychiczne, bóle głowy, nudności, zawroty głowy oraz dolegliwości skórne, które pojawiają się podczas przebywania w określonym budynku i ustępują po jego opuszczeniu. Diagnoza opiera się na wykluczeniu innych schorzeń oraz obserwacji, że objawy nasilają się w czasie ekspozycji i ustępują po jej zakończeniu. Kluczowym kryterium jest zgłaszanie podobnych dolegliwości przez ponad 20% użytkowników budynku. Objawy obejmują układ oddechowy (np. suchy kaszel, świszczący oddech, nasilenie astmy), skórę (suchość, świąd, wysypki) oraz układ nerwowy i psychiczny (bóle głowy, zaburzenia koncentracji, zmęczenie). SBS może prowadzić do obniżenia wydajności pracy i zwiększonej absencji chorobowej, a długotrwała ekspozycja może skutkować trwałymi problemami zdrowotnymi, w tym chorobami płuc i efektami neurotoksycznymi.

Charakterystyka Zespołu Chorego Budynku

Zespół chorego budynku (Sick Building Syndrome, SBS) to zbiór niespecyficznych objawów, które występują u osób przebywających w określonym budynku, najczęściej biurowym, ale mogą wystąpić w każdym innym typu budynku. Kluczową cechą tego zespołu jest pojawianie się objawów podczas przebywania w konkretnym budynku oraz ich ustępowanie lub zmniejszanie po jego opuszczeniu.12

Według Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia (WHO), zespół chorego budynku został zdefiniowany w 1983 roku jako „zbiór niespecyficznych objawów, w tym podrażnienia oczu, nosa i gardła, zmęczenia psychicznego, bólu głowy, nudności, zawrotów głowy oraz podrażnienia skóry, które wydają się być związane z przebywaniem w określonych miejscach pracy”.34

SBS wpływa na obniżenie wydajności pracy i zwiększenie absencji chorobowej. Skargi mogą dotyczyć konkretnego pomieszczenia, strefy budynku lub mogą być rozpowszechnione w całym budynku. Co ważne, przyczyna objawów często nie jest znana, ale większość osób doświadczających tych dolegliwości zgłasza ulgę wkrótce po opuszczeniu budynku.56

Rozpoznanie zespołu chorego budynku

Diagnoza SBS może być trudna ze względu na szeroki zakres objawów, które mogą przypominać inne schorzenia, takie jak przeziębienie czy grypa. Kluczowym czynnikiem diagnostycznym jest to, że objawy nasilają się podczas przebywania w konkretnym budynku i ustępują po jego opuszczeniu, by powrócić po ponownym wejściu do tego samego miejsca.78

Jednym z ważnych wskaźników przy diagnozowaniu SBS jest odsetek osób w budynku zgłaszających podobne objawy. Jeśli ponad 20% użytkowników budynku zgłasza dolegliwości zdrowotne, a nie można zidentyfikować konkretnej przyczyny, możemy mówić o zespole chorego budynku.910

Nie istnieją specyficzne testy medyczne diagnozujące zespół chorego budynku. Lekarze zazwyczaj diagnozują poprzez wykluczenie innych schorzeń oraz analizę charakteru i występowania objawów w powiązaniu z przebywaniem w konkretnym budynku.11

Objawy zespołu chorego budynku

Objawy zespołu chorego budynku są zróżnicowane i mogą obejmować wiele układów organizmu, w tym układ oddechowy, nerwowy i skórę. Charakterystyczną cechą jest to, że nasilają się wraz z czasem spędzonym w danym budynku i zwykle ustępują po jego opuszczeniu.1213

Objawy ze strony układu oddechowego

Osoby dotknięte zespołem chorego budynku często doświadczają dolegliwości związanych z układem oddechowym, które obejmują:1415

  • Podrażnienie gardła i jego suchość
  • Trudności w oddychaniu
  • Ucisk w klatce piersiowej
  • Katar i objawy podobne do alergii
  • Kichanie
  • Suchy kaszel
  • Zwiększona częstotliwość ataków astmy u osób chorujących na astmę
  • Przekrwienie błon śluzowych lub wodnisty katar

Objawy skórne

Problemy skórne są również powszechne u osób z SBS i mogą obejmować:1617

  • Suchą, swędzącą skórę
  • Wysypki skórne
  • Zaczerwienienie skóry
  • Świąd skóry
  • Podrażnienia

Objawy neurologiczne i psychologiczne

Zespół chorego budynku może powodować również szereg objawów neurologicznych i psychologicznych:181920

  • Bóle głowy
  • Zawroty głowy
  • Trudności z koncentracją
  • Zapominanie
  • Zmęczenie
  • Drażliwość
  • Ogólne zmęczenie fizyczne i psychiczne
  • Zaburzenia poznawcze („mgła mózgowa”)

Inne objawy

Dodatkowo osoby z SBS mogą doświadczać innych dolegliwości:212223

  • Podrażnienie oczu (suchość, świąd, zaczerwienienie)
  • Nudności
  • Bóle mięśni i stawów
  • Wrażliwość na zapachy
  • Chrypka
  • Bóle gardła
  • Objawy podobne do przeziębienia lub grypy
  • Gorączka i dreszcze
  • Dolegliwości żołądkowo-jelitowe
  • Opuchlizna nóg, tułowia lub kostek
  • Kołatanie serca

Światowa Organizacja Zdrowia sklasyfikowała objawy zespołu chorego budynku w szerokie kategorie, obejmujące podrażnienie błon śluzowych (oczu, nosa i gardła), efekty neurotoksyczne (bóle głowy, zmęczenie i drażliwość), objawy astmy i podobne do astmy (ucisk w klatce piersiowej i świszczący oddech), suchość i podrażnienie skóry oraz dolegliwości żołądkowo-jelitowe.2425

Postęp i nasilenie objawów

Charakterystyczną cechą zespołu chorego budynku jest specyficzny wzorzec występowania i nasilenia objawów, który jest ściśle związany z czasem spędzonym w danym budynku.2627

Wzorzec czasowy objawów

Objawy zespołu chorego budynku zwykle charakteryzują się następującym wzorcem czasowym:282930

  • Objawy nasilają się wraz z czasem spędzonym w budynku
  • Najczęściej pojawiają się w ciągu kilku godzin od przybycia do budynku
  • Ulegają poprawie lub całkowicie ustępują w ciągu minut do godzin po opuszczeniu budynku
  • Powracają po ponownym wejściu do tego samego budynku

Ten wzorzec czasowy jest kluczowym elementem diagnostycznym, pozwalającym odróżnić SBS od innych chorób o podobnych objawach, takich jak przeziębienie, grypa czy alergie sezonowe.3132

Zmienność objawów

Objawy zespołu chorego budynku mogą znacznie różnić się między osobami przebywającymi w tym samym budynku:333435

  • Niektórzy użytkownicy budynku mogą doświadczać wielu objawów, podczas gdy inni tylko kilku
  • Niektóre osoby mogą nie doświadczać żadnych objawów pomimo przebywania w tym samym środowisku
  • Wrażliwość na czynniki wywołujące objawy może się różnić między osobami
  • U osób z istniejącymi schorzeniami (np. astmą, alergiami) objawy mogą być bardziej nasilone

Badania wykazały, że osoby wykonujące prace biurowe są bardziej narażone na objawy SBS niż osoby na stanowiskach kierowniczych, prawdopodobnie ze względu na lepsze warunki pracy kadry zarządzającej. Ponadto objawy częściej występują u kobiet niż u mężczyzn, co może być związane z większą liczbą kobiet na stanowiskach sekretarskich, większą świadomością zdrowotną lub niższą dawką zanieczyszczeń potrzebną do wywołania objawów.3637

Długotrwałe skutki

Chociaż objawy zespołu chorego budynku zwykle ustępują po opuszczeniu budynku, długotrwała ekspozycja może prowadzić do bardziej trwałych problemów zdrowotnych:383940

  • W niektórych przypadkach mogą wystąpić długotrwałe efekty neurotoksyczne, które nie ustępują natychmiast po opuszczeniu budynku
  • U osób wrażliwych mogą rozwinąć się długoterminowe problemy zdrowotne
  • Skutki toksycznego działania niektórych substancji chemicznych mogą się utrzymywać przez pewien czas po zakończeniu ekspozycji
  • Długoterminowa ekspozycja na złą jakość powietrza w pomieszczeniach może prowadzić do chorób płuc, takich jak astma

Istnieją doniesienia o przypadkach, w których osoby z zespołem chorego budynku rozwinęły poważniejsze schorzenia po długotrwałej ekspozycji. Na przykład w jednym przypadku pracowniczka biurowa została ostatecznie zdiagnozowana z chorobą śródmiąższową płuc, którą przypisywała warunkom w swoim miejscu pracy.4142

Czynniki wpływające na nasilenie objawów

Na nasilenie objawów zespołu chorego budynku może wpływać wiele czynników:434445

  • W nowo wybudowanych lub niedawno remontowanych przestrzeniach objawy SBS mogą być ostre i tymczasowe, zazwyczaj zanikające w ciągu 6 miesięcy
  • Objawy mogą zmieniać się wraz z porami roku – niektóre mogą być bardziej widoczne zimą, gdy budynki są szczelnie zamknięte i słabiej wentylowane
  • Inne mogą nasilać się w sezonie pylenia roślin, gdy alergie są wzmożone
  • Osoby z istniejącymi alergiami lub chorobami układu oddechowego mogą doświadczać zwiększonego nasilenia objawów
  • Niektóre zawody są związane z konkretnymi objawami SBS – na przykład pracownicy transportu, komunikacji, opieki zdrowotnej i pracownicy socjalni mają najwyższą częstość występowania objawów ogólnych

Badacze zaobserwowali również, że SBS częściej występuje w budynkach z klimatyzacją niż w budynkach wentylowanych naturalnie oraz częściej w budynkach sektora publicznego niż prywatnego.4647

Specjalne grupy ryzyka

Niektóre osoby mogą być bardziej podatne na rozwój objawów zespołu chorego budynku niż inne. Czynniki ryzyka obejmują:484950

  • Płeć żeńska – kobiety częściej zgłaszają objawy SBS niż mężczyźni
  • Osoby z istniejącymi alergiami (np. katar sienny) mają wyższą częstość występowania SBS
  • Osoby z tendencją do somatyzacji i neurotyzmu
  • Osoby z zaburzeniami lękowymi i depresją
  • Osoby pracujące w niekorzystnym psychospołecznym środowisku pracy (wysokie wymagania, brak kontroli, brak wsparcia)
  • Osoby przechodzące stres życiowy
  • Osoby prowadzące niezdrowy tryb życia (palenie tytoniu, zła dieta, brak ćwiczeń)

Badanie przeprowadzone w Somalii wykazało, że kobiety były trzy razy bardziej narażone na rozwój SBS niż mężczyźni. Ponadto osoby mieszkające w budynkach bez funkcjonalnych okien, z widocznym rozwojem grzybów, używające niedawno pestycydów, farb i rozpuszczalników, gotujące wewnątrz budynku, narażone na zanieczyszczenia powietrza zewnętrznego oraz używające węgla drzewnego do gotowania wykazywały znacznie wyższe ryzyko wystąpienia objawów SBS.515253

Wpływ na zdolność do pracy

Zespół chorego budynku może mieć znaczący wpływ na produktywność i zdolność do pracy:545556

  • Obniżona wydajność pracy
  • Zwiększona absencja chorobowa
  • Zmniejszona zdolność koncentracji
  • Zwiększona liczba błędów w pracy
  • Ogólny spadek jakości życia zawodowego

Według szacunków, objawy zespołu chorego budynku kosztują brytyjską gospodarkę około 24,6 miliona funtów rocznie w postaci utraconych dni pracy.57 Badania wykazały również, że osoby pracujące w dobrze wentylowanych biurach z poziomami zanieczyszczeń wewnętrznych i dwutlenku węgla poniżej średniej mają znacznie wyższe wyniki funkcji poznawczych niż osoby pracujące w biurach z typowymi poziomami tych czynników.58

Implikacje prawne

W niektórych krajach zespół chorego budynku może być uznany za stan wymagający dostosowań w miejscu pracy:59

  • W Stanach Zjednoczonych przewlekłe objawy SBS kwalifikują się jako stan wymagający rozsądnych dostosowań w sektorze federalnym zgodnie z Ustawą o Rehabilitacji z 1973 roku i Ustawą o Amerykanach z Niepełnosprawnościami z 1990 roku (ADA)
  • Osoby z wrażliwością chemiczną powodującą nawracające objawy lub istniejącym stanem, który jest zaostrzony przez zespół chorego budynku, mogą kwalifikować się do ochrony i dostosowań
  • Pracodawcy muszą wprowadzić rozsądne dostosowania, które nie powodują nadmiernych trudności

Dodatkowo, w wielu krajach pracodawcy są zobowiązani do zapewnienia bezpiecznego i zdrowego środowiska pracy, co może obejmować rozwiązanie problemów związanych z zespołem chorego budynku.60

Wnioski diagnostyczne

Diagnoza zespołu chorego budynku opiera się głównie na obserwacji wzorców objawów i ich związku z przebywaniem w konkretnym budynku. Kluczowe wskaźniki diagnostyczne obejmują:616263

  • Zwiększona absencja wśród użytkowników budynku
  • Duża liczba osób zgłaszających podobne, choć niespecyficzne objawy
  • Wspólna historia ustępowania objawów po opuszczeniu budynku
  • Brak specyficznej choroby, którą można zdiagnozować standardowymi testami medycznymi
  • Objawy skupiają się w określonych obszarach budynku lub są rozpowszechnione w całym budynku

Lekarze często stosują proces eliminacji, wykluczając inne potencjalne przyczyny objawów, takie jak alergie, przeziębienie czy grypa. Ważnym elementem diagnostycznym jest prowadzenie dziennika objawów, aby śledzić ich związek z przebywaniem w danym budynku.6465

Warto zauważyć, że niektórzy klinicyści kwestionują istnienie zespołu chorego budynku jako odrębnej jednostki chorobowej, wskazując, że objawy mogą być częścią objawów wielu innych rozpoznawalnych stanów medycznych.66

Zalecenia dla pacjentów i lekarzy

Osoby podejrzewające u siebie zespół chorego budynku powinny:676869

  • Obserwować i dokumentować swoje objawy, zwracając szczególną uwagę na to, kiedy się pojawiają i ustępują
  • Zwrócić uwagę, czy objawy są gorsze w określonych porach dnia lub roku
  • Zanotować, czy objawy pojawiły się po niedawnym remoncie, malowaniu lub innych zmianach w budynku
  • Skonsultować się z lekarzem w celu wykluczenia innych potencjalnych przyczyn objawów
  • Zgłosić swoje obserwacje zarządcy budynku lub pracodawcy

Lekarze diagnozujący pacjentów z podejrzeniem zespołu chorego budynku powinni:7071

  • Przeprowadzić dokładny wywiad medyczny, zwracając szczególną uwagę na związek objawów z przebywaniem w określonych budynkach
  • Wykluczyć inne potencjalne przyczyny objawów, takie jak astma, alergie lub inne choroby
  • Zalecić prowadzenie dziennika objawów
  • Rozważyć skierowanie do specjalisty medycyny pracy lub alergologa w przypadku utrzymujących się objawów

W przypadku potwierdzenia zespołu chorego budynku, leczenie zazwyczaj koncentruje się na złagodzeniu objawów i zmniejszeniu ekspozycji na przyczynę objawów. Mogą być pomocne leki przeciwalergiczne, takie jak Zyrtec i Benadryl, w łagodzeniu swędzącego nosa, skóry i oczu. W przypadku trudności z oddychaniem, takich jak świszczący oddech, można rozważyć leki na astmę.72

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  1. 09.04.2026
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Materiały źródłowe

  • #1 Sick building syndrome
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sick-building-syndrome/
    Sick building syndrome is the name for symptoms you get while you’re in a particular building. It usually happens in an office, but you can get it in any building. […] Symptoms of sick building syndrome get worse the longer you’re in a particular building and get better after you leave. […] Possible symptoms include: headaches, blocked or runny nose, dry, itchy skin, dry, sore eyes or throat, cough or wheezing, skin rashes, tiredness and difficulty concentrating. […] These symptoms are common and can be caused by lots of things. They’re unlikely to be a sign of sick building syndrome if you have them all the time, or when you’re in lots of different places. […] There are some things you can do that may help ease symptoms of sick building syndrome.
  • #2 Sick building syndrome: Symptoms and causes
    https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/sick-building-syndrome
    Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a collection of symptoms people can experience inside certain buildings, such as headaches, fatigue, or skin irritation. […] However, SBS has become a common concern. Its symptoms can include headaches, fatigue, and throat, eye, or skin irritation. […] SBS can cause a wide range of symptoms. However, one distinctive feature is that in SBS, symptoms worsen when a person spends time in a particular building and get better when they leave. […] Some of the potential effects include: headaches, fatigue, skin irritation, itchiness, or dryness, itchy eyes, throat irritation, coughing, wheezing, and other asthma symptoms, congestion or a runny nose, nausea or dizziness, difficulty concentrating, or brain fog, muscle and joint pain. […] These symptoms can vary in severity and may affect individuals differently.
  • #3 Building-related symptoms and issues | Linking building to health
    https://www.swegonairacademy.com/health-well-being-and-productivity/impact-on-health-and-well-being/building-related-symptoms-and-issues/
    A person may experience acute symptoms upon entering a building. However, the symptoms may disappear when the person leaves the building. The symptoms don’t turn into other conditions or cause distress when you’re not in the building. These short-term symptoms are related to sick building syndrome (SBS). […] The concept of SBS was defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1983 as: 'a collection of nonspecific symptoms including eyes, nose and throat irritation, mental fatigue, headaches, nausea, dizziness and skin irritation, that seem to be associated with occupancy of certain workplaces’. […] Indicators of SBS include: Building occupants complain of symptoms associated with acute discomfort, such as; headache, eye, nose, or throat irritation, dry cough, dry or itchy skin, dizziness and nausea, difficulty in concentrating, fatigue, and sensitivity to odors.
  • #4 The sick building syndrome
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2796751/
    The sick building syndrome comprises of various nonspecific symptoms that occur in the occupants of a building. This feeling of ill health increases sickness absenteeism and causes a decrease in productivity of the workers. […] The complainants may be localized in a particular room or zone or may be widespread throughout the building. […] Signs and symptoms of the sick building syndrome are as follows: Headache, dizziness, nausea, eye, nose or throat irritation, dry cough, dry or itching skin, difficulty in concentration, fatigue, sensitivity to odours, hoarseness of voice, allergies, cold, flu-like symptoms, increased incidence of asthma attacks and personality changes. […] The cause of the symptoms is not known. It reduces work efficiency and increases absenteeism. Most of the complainants report relief soon after leaving the building, although lingering effects of neurotoxins can occur.
  • #5 The sick building syndrome
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2796751/
    The sick building syndrome comprises of various nonspecific symptoms that occur in the occupants of a building. This feeling of ill health increases sickness absenteeism and causes a decrease in productivity of the workers. […] The complainants may be localized in a particular room or zone or may be widespread throughout the building. […] Signs and symptoms of the sick building syndrome are as follows: Headache, dizziness, nausea, eye, nose or throat irritation, dry cough, dry or itching skin, difficulty in concentration, fatigue, sensitivity to odours, hoarseness of voice, allergies, cold, flu-like symptoms, increased incidence of asthma attacks and personality changes. […] The cause of the symptoms is not known. It reduces work efficiency and increases absenteeism. Most of the complainants report relief soon after leaving the building, although lingering effects of neurotoxins can occur.
  • #6 Sick building syndrome – Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sick_building_syndrome
    Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a condition in which people develop symptoms of illness or become infected with chronic disease from the building in which they work or reside. […] The main identifying observation is an increased incidence of complaints of such symptoms as headache, eye, nose, and throat irritation, fatigue, dizziness, and nausea. […] Some symptoms tend to increase in severity with the time people spend in the building, often improving or even disappearing when people are away from the building. […] Human exposure to aerosols has a variety of adverse health effects. Building occupants complain of symptoms such as sensory irritation of the eyes, nose, or throat; neurotoxic or general health problems; skin irritation; nonspecific hypersensitivity reactions; infectious diseases; and odor and taste sensations.
  • #7 Sick Building Syndrome: Testing, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://www.healthline.com/health/sick-building-syndrome
    Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a name for a condition thats thought to be caused by being in a building or other type of enclosed space. Its attributed to poor indoor air quality. However, the precise cause is unknown. […] Sometimes diagnosing SBS can be difficult because of the wide range of symptoms. These can also mimic other conditions, such as the common cold. The key to SBS is that your symptoms improve after leaving the building in question, only to come back when you return to the same location. If you notice recurring symptoms that seem to appear whenever youre in a particular building, you may consider investigating sick building syndrome as the cause. […] SBS symptoms can affect your skin, respiratory, and neurological systems. You may mistakenly self-diagnose yourself with a cold or flu.
  • #8 Sick Building Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Tests & Prevention
    https://www.emedicinehealth.com/sick_building_syndrome/article_em.htm
    Sick building syndrome is a condition that occurs when a number of a building’s occupants have a constellation of nonspecific symptoms without a specific identifiable cause, including nausea; irritation of the eyes, nose and throat; mental fatigue; headaches; skin irritation; and dizziness. […] These symptoms should be temporally related to being in the building, resolve when the person is not in the building, and be found in a number of individuals within the building. […] Commonly reported symptoms include: headache, dizziness, nausea, skin irritation, mental fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat. […] For these symptoms to be from sick building syndrome, they should resolve soon after leaving the building and should be found in a number of individuals in the building. […] The symptoms and signs associated with sick building syndrome should resolve soon after leaving the building.
  • #9 Sick-Building Syndrome
    https://www.webmd.com/men/features/sick-building-syndrome
    If 20% of the work force has symptoms — including watering eyes; hoarseness; headaches; dry, itchy skin; dizziness; nausea; heart palpitations; miscarriages; shortness of breath; nosebleeds; chronic fatigue; mental fogginess; tremors; swelling of legs or ankles; and cancer — the building may be labeled a „sick building.” The telling factor is if the symptoms ease when workers are at home or on vacation. […] The causes are many. […] According to the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, some polluting factors include indoor combustion (heaters, ranges, smoking) and buildup of carbon monoxide and inhalable particles; volatile organic compounds such as benzene, styrene, and other solvents; and airborne-allergens and pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, spores, and protozoans.
  • #10 Sick Building Syndrome Symptoms Outcomes
    https://greenductors.com/blog/air-quality/sick-building-syndrome-symptoms/
    Sick building syndrome symptoms By Dmytro Malymonenko | December 19, 2023 5 min read 2,059 0 0 If you work in the office or study day and night at the library, you should be familiar with the fatigue and headache symptoms, which disappear when changing the environment for the weekends. These have a name SBS or Sick Building Syndrome. SBS is diagnosed when more than 20% of a buildings occupants complain of discomforting health effects for no apparent reason. […] What are the SBS symptoms? Headaches, dizziness, nausea, pain, fatigue, shortness of breath, coughing, throat irritation, nose, skin, and eyes, runny nose, allergy-like symptoms, such as sneezing, difficulty concentrating, forgetfulness, body aches, etc. […] It reduces work efficiency and increases absenteeism.
  • #11 Sick Building Syndrome: What It Is and Tips for Prevention — Occupational Health & Safety
    https://ohsonline.com/articles/2016/10/01/sick-building-syndrome.aspx
    Telltale clues include increased absenteeism, a large number of occupants complaining about vague but similar symptoms, and a common history of symptom resolution when people are not in the building. […] „Sick building syndrome” is the name given to a collection of illnesses and symptoms that afflict multiple occupants of particular buildings. The symptoms include sniffles; stuffy noses; itchy eyes; sinus infections; scratchy throats; dry, irritated skin; upset stomachs; headaches; difficulty concentrating; and fatigue or lethargy. The key factors in diagnosing sick building syndrome are a rapid recovery and the disappearance of symptoms after an affected individual leaves the building. […] There is no specific medical test to diagnose sick building syndrome. Physicians usually treat the symptoms individually, but the real identification of a „sick building” is subjective. Telltale clues include increased absenteeism among the building occupants, a large number of occupants complaining about vague but similar symptoms, and a common history of symptom resolution when people are not in the building.
  • #12 Sick building syndrome: Symptoms and causes
    https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/sick-building-syndrome
    Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a collection of symptoms people can experience inside certain buildings, such as headaches, fatigue, or skin irritation. […] However, SBS has become a common concern. Its symptoms can include headaches, fatigue, and throat, eye, or skin irritation. […] SBS can cause a wide range of symptoms. However, one distinctive feature is that in SBS, symptoms worsen when a person spends time in a particular building and get better when they leave. […] Some of the potential effects include: headaches, fatigue, skin irritation, itchiness, or dryness, itchy eyes, throat irritation, coughing, wheezing, and other asthma symptoms, congestion or a runny nose, nausea or dizziness, difficulty concentrating, or brain fog, muscle and joint pain. […] These symptoms can vary in severity and may affect individuals differently.
  • #13 Sick Building Syndrome: Testing, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://www.healthline.com/health/sick-building-syndrome
    Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a name for a condition thats thought to be caused by being in a building or other type of enclosed space. Its attributed to poor indoor air quality. However, the precise cause is unknown. […] Sometimes diagnosing SBS can be difficult because of the wide range of symptoms. These can also mimic other conditions, such as the common cold. The key to SBS is that your symptoms improve after leaving the building in question, only to come back when you return to the same location. If you notice recurring symptoms that seem to appear whenever youre in a particular building, you may consider investigating sick building syndrome as the cause. […] SBS symptoms can affect your skin, respiratory, and neurological systems. You may mistakenly self-diagnose yourself with a cold or flu.
  • #14 Sick Building Syndrome: Testing, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://www.healthline.com/health/sick-building-syndrome
    Among the possible symptoms are: throat irritation, breathing difficulties, tightness in the chest, runny nose, allergy-like symptoms, such as sneezing, burning sensations in the nose, dry, itchy skin rashes, headaches, dizziness, difficulty concentrating, forgetfulness, fatigue, irritability, nausea, body aches, fever, chills. […] If you have allergies or a current respiratory illness, you may notice an increased severity in your symptoms. For example, people with asthma might be at a higher risk for asthma attacks due to SBS. […] Its also important to note that SBS affects everyone differently. While everyone who spends time in a particular space might go through some of the above symptoms, these can vary. Some people may not experience any symptoms at all. Others may experience symptoms after leaving the building in question this may be due to repeated or long-term exposure.
  • #15 Sick building syndrome – Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sick_building_syndrome
    The WHO has classified the reported symptoms into broad categories, including mucous-membrane irritation (eye, nose, and throat irritation), neurotoxic effects (headaches, fatigue, and irritability), asthma and asthma-like symptoms (chest tightness and wheezing), skin dryness and irritation, and gastrointestinal complaints. […] Several sick occupants may report individual symptoms that do not seem connected. The key to discovery is the increased incidence of illnesses in general with onset or exacerbation in a short period, usually weeks. In most cases, SBS symptoms are relieved soon after the occupants leave the particular room or zone. […] However, there can be lingering effects of various neurotoxins, which may not clear up when the occupant leaves the building. In some cases, including those of sensitive people, there are long-term health effects.
  • #16 Sick building syndrome
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sick-building-syndrome/
    Sick building syndrome is the name for symptoms you get while you’re in a particular building. It usually happens in an office, but you can get it in any building. […] Symptoms of sick building syndrome get worse the longer you’re in a particular building and get better after you leave. […] Possible symptoms include: headaches, blocked or runny nose, dry, itchy skin, dry, sore eyes or throat, cough or wheezing, skin rashes, tiredness and difficulty concentrating. […] These symptoms are common and can be caused by lots of things. They’re unlikely to be a sign of sick building syndrome if you have them all the time, or when you’re in lots of different places. […] There are some things you can do that may help ease symptoms of sick building syndrome.
  • #17 Sick Building Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, and Fixes
    https://www.verywellhealth.com/building-related-symptoms-7561949
    Sick building syndrome (SBS) happens when people feel unwell in a specific building, usually due to factors like poor air quality or inadequate ventilation. Common symptoms include headaches, fatigue, muscle and joint pain, and difficulty concentrating. The symptoms often improve when the person leaves the building, but the exact trigger cant always be pinpointed. […] The symptoms usually improve when the person leaves the building, indicating a connection to the environment. […] Building-related symptoms can include: Headaches, Runny or congested nose, Dry and itchy skin, Dry and sore eyes, Dry and sore throat, Cough or wheezing, Skin rashes, Physical and mental fatigue, Nausea, Sensitivity to odors, Chest tightness, Shortness of breath, Muscle and joint pain, Difficulty concentrating, Dizziness or lightheadedness, Malaise (a general feeling of discomfort or lack of well-being).
  • #18 Sick Building Syndrome: Testing, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://www.healthline.com/health/sick-building-syndrome
    Among the possible symptoms are: throat irritation, breathing difficulties, tightness in the chest, runny nose, allergy-like symptoms, such as sneezing, burning sensations in the nose, dry, itchy skin rashes, headaches, dizziness, difficulty concentrating, forgetfulness, fatigue, irritability, nausea, body aches, fever, chills. […] If you have allergies or a current respiratory illness, you may notice an increased severity in your symptoms. For example, people with asthma might be at a higher risk for asthma attacks due to SBS. […] Its also important to note that SBS affects everyone differently. While everyone who spends time in a particular space might go through some of the above symptoms, these can vary. Some people may not experience any symptoms at all. Others may experience symptoms after leaving the building in question this may be due to repeated or long-term exposure.
  • #19 Sick Building Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, and Fixes
    https://www.verywellhealth.com/building-related-symptoms-7561949
    Sick building syndrome (SBS) happens when people feel unwell in a specific building, usually due to factors like poor air quality or inadequate ventilation. Common symptoms include headaches, fatigue, muscle and joint pain, and difficulty concentrating. The symptoms often improve when the person leaves the building, but the exact trigger cant always be pinpointed. […] The symptoms usually improve when the person leaves the building, indicating a connection to the environment. […] Building-related symptoms can include: Headaches, Runny or congested nose, Dry and itchy skin, Dry and sore eyes, Dry and sore throat, Cough or wheezing, Skin rashes, Physical and mental fatigue, Nausea, Sensitivity to odors, Chest tightness, Shortness of breath, Muscle and joint pain, Difficulty concentrating, Dizziness or lightheadedness, Malaise (a general feeling of discomfort or lack of well-being).
  • #20 How Federal Employees Can Navigate Sick Building Syndromecalendar
    https://www.pinesfederal.com/legal-blog/how-can-federal-employees-navigate-sick-building/
    There is nothing worse than knowing you will experience adverse symptoms when at your place of employment. Many offices and worksites can induce a phenomenon known as “sick building syndrome,” or SBS, in which one or more elements of a facility’s condition habitually triggers unpleasant and harmful bodily responses from the employees that work there. […] SBS can trigger a wide range of symptoms, including: Runny nose, Shortness of breath, Dizziness, Forgetfulness, Fever, Chills, Nausea, Body and limb aches, Skin rashes, Chronic sneezing, Tightness in the chest, Throat pain. […] Because SBS symptoms can range from the neurological to the respiratory, the condition is often misdiagnosed. Many assume they merely have the cold, flu, or some type of bug, especially if multiple employees in an office simultaneously exhibit symptoms.
  • #21 Sick Building Syndrome: Testing, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://www.healthline.com/health/sick-building-syndrome
    Among the possible symptoms are: throat irritation, breathing difficulties, tightness in the chest, runny nose, allergy-like symptoms, such as sneezing, burning sensations in the nose, dry, itchy skin rashes, headaches, dizziness, difficulty concentrating, forgetfulness, fatigue, irritability, nausea, body aches, fever, chills. […] If you have allergies or a current respiratory illness, you may notice an increased severity in your symptoms. For example, people with asthma might be at a higher risk for asthma attacks due to SBS. […] Its also important to note that SBS affects everyone differently. While everyone who spends time in a particular space might go through some of the above symptoms, these can vary. Some people may not experience any symptoms at all. Others may experience symptoms after leaving the building in question this may be due to repeated or long-term exposure.
  • #22 Sick Building Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, Risks, Treatment and More
    https://www.medicinenet.com/sick_building_syndrome/article.htm
    Sick building syndrome (SBS) is considered by some clinicians to be an illness in some people after they are exposed to as yet undefined chemical, biological, or physical agents thought to be found in building(s). […] Proponents of sick building syndrome agree that people considered to have the syndrome may exhibit any number of nonspecific symptoms that may be increased when the person is associated with certain buildings. SBS symptoms include: Headache, Nausea, Diarrhea, Hoarseness or cough, Bloating, Gas, Dizziness, Fatigue, Muscle discomfort (stiffness, pain, cramps, aches), Congestion, Sneezing, Nosebleeds, Itching, Skin rash, Eye irritation, Sore throat, Swelling of legs, trunk, and/or ankles, Shortness of breath, Chest pains, Cardiac arrhythmias, Mental changes (problems with concentration, memory, moods).
  • #23 Sick Building Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, and Fixes
    https://www.verywellhealth.com/building-related-symptoms-7561949
    Sick building syndrome (SBS) happens when people feel unwell in a specific building, usually due to factors like poor air quality or inadequate ventilation. Common symptoms include headaches, fatigue, muscle and joint pain, and difficulty concentrating. The symptoms often improve when the person leaves the building, but the exact trigger cant always be pinpointed. […] The symptoms usually improve when the person leaves the building, indicating a connection to the environment. […] Building-related symptoms can include: Headaches, Runny or congested nose, Dry and itchy skin, Dry and sore eyes, Dry and sore throat, Cough or wheezing, Skin rashes, Physical and mental fatigue, Nausea, Sensitivity to odors, Chest tightness, Shortness of breath, Muscle and joint pain, Difficulty concentrating, Dizziness or lightheadedness, Malaise (a general feeling of discomfort or lack of well-being).
  • #24 Sick building syndrome – Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sick_building_syndrome
    The WHO has classified the reported symptoms into broad categories, including mucous-membrane irritation (eye, nose, and throat irritation), neurotoxic effects (headaches, fatigue, and irritability), asthma and asthma-like symptoms (chest tightness and wheezing), skin dryness and irritation, and gastrointestinal complaints. […] Several sick occupants may report individual symptoms that do not seem connected. The key to discovery is the increased incidence of illnesses in general with onset or exacerbation in a short period, usually weeks. In most cases, SBS symptoms are relieved soon after the occupants leave the particular room or zone. […] However, there can be lingering effects of various neurotoxins, which may not clear up when the occupant leaves the building. In some cases, including those of sensitive people, there are long-term health effects.
  • #25 Sick building syndrome and the OH clinician
    https://www.som.org.uk/occupational-health-learning/Physical%20Hazard/__Sick-building-syndrome.html
    Sick building syndrome (SBS) is not well understood but the OH clinician will be likely to encounter a complaint of this illness during their career. Employees can complain about irritating symptoms such as headaches, runny nose, sore throat lethargy and itching, more sick leave, performing badly and general work dissatisfaction. The main symptoms associated with Sick Building Syndrome are: headaches, lethargy, irritability, or poor concentration. […] Certain symptoms tend to increase in severity with the time people spend in the building; often improving over time or even disappearing when people are away from the building. […] The WHO has classified the reported symptoms into broad categories, including: eye, nose, and throat irritation, headaches, fatigue, and irritability, chest tightness and wheezing, skin dryness and irritation, gastrointestinal complaints and more.
  • #26 Sick building syndrome
    https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sick-building-syndrome/
    Sick building syndrome is the name for symptoms you get while you’re in a particular building. It usually happens in an office, but you can get it in any building. […] Symptoms of sick building syndrome get worse the longer you’re in a particular building and get better after you leave. […] Possible symptoms include: headaches, blocked or runny nose, dry, itchy skin, dry, sore eyes or throat, cough or wheezing, skin rashes, tiredness and difficulty concentrating. […] These symptoms are common and can be caused by lots of things. They’re unlikely to be a sign of sick building syndrome if you have them all the time, or when you’re in lots of different places. […] There are some things you can do that may help ease symptoms of sick building syndrome.
  • #27 Sick building syndrome: Symptoms and causes
    https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/sick-building-syndrome
    Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a collection of symptoms people can experience inside certain buildings, such as headaches, fatigue, or skin irritation. […] However, SBS has become a common concern. Its symptoms can include headaches, fatigue, and throat, eye, or skin irritation. […] SBS can cause a wide range of symptoms. However, one distinctive feature is that in SBS, symptoms worsen when a person spends time in a particular building and get better when they leave. […] Some of the potential effects include: headaches, fatigue, skin irritation, itchiness, or dryness, itchy eyes, throat irritation, coughing, wheezing, and other asthma symptoms, congestion or a runny nose, nausea or dizziness, difficulty concentrating, or brain fog, muscle and joint pain. […] These symptoms can vary in severity and may affect individuals differently.
  • #28 Sick Building Syndrome: Testing, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://www.healthline.com/health/sick-building-syndrome
    The symptoms of sick building syndrome most often get better once you leave the hazardous building in question. Persistent symptoms improve once youve either eliminated your exposure, or when hazards inside the building are removed. In some cases, long-term exposure to poor indoor air quality can lead to lung diseases, such as asthma.
  • #29 Sick building syndrome – Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sick_building_syndrome
    Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a condition in which people develop symptoms of illness or become infected with chronic disease from the building in which they work or reside. […] The main identifying observation is an increased incidence of complaints of such symptoms as headache, eye, nose, and throat irritation, fatigue, dizziness, and nausea. […] Some symptoms tend to increase in severity with the time people spend in the building, often improving or even disappearing when people are away from the building. […] Human exposure to aerosols has a variety of adverse health effects. Building occupants complain of symptoms such as sensory irritation of the eyes, nose, or throat; neurotoxic or general health problems; skin irritation; nonspecific hypersensitivity reactions; infectious diseases; and odor and taste sensations.
  • #30 Sick building syndrome – Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sick_building_syndrome
    The WHO has classified the reported symptoms into broad categories, including mucous-membrane irritation (eye, nose, and throat irritation), neurotoxic effects (headaches, fatigue, and irritability), asthma and asthma-like symptoms (chest tightness and wheezing), skin dryness and irritation, and gastrointestinal complaints. […] Several sick occupants may report individual symptoms that do not seem connected. The key to discovery is the increased incidence of illnesses in general with onset or exacerbation in a short period, usually weeks. In most cases, SBS symptoms are relieved soon after the occupants leave the particular room or zone. […] However, there can be lingering effects of various neurotoxins, which may not clear up when the occupant leaves the building. In some cases, including those of sensitive people, there are long-term health effects.
  • #31 Sick Building Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Tests & Prevention
    https://www.emedicinehealth.com/sick_building_syndrome/article_em.htm
    Sick building syndrome is a condition that occurs when a number of a building’s occupants have a constellation of nonspecific symptoms without a specific identifiable cause, including nausea; irritation of the eyes, nose and throat; mental fatigue; headaches; skin irritation; and dizziness. […] These symptoms should be temporally related to being in the building, resolve when the person is not in the building, and be found in a number of individuals within the building. […] Commonly reported symptoms include: headache, dizziness, nausea, skin irritation, mental fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat. […] For these symptoms to be from sick building syndrome, they should resolve soon after leaving the building and should be found in a number of individuals in the building. […] The symptoms and signs associated with sick building syndrome should resolve soon after leaving the building.
  • #32 Sick Building Syndrome: Testing, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://www.healthline.com/health/sick-building-syndrome
    Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a name for a condition thats thought to be caused by being in a building or other type of enclosed space. Its attributed to poor indoor air quality. However, the precise cause is unknown. […] Sometimes diagnosing SBS can be difficult because of the wide range of symptoms. These can also mimic other conditions, such as the common cold. The key to SBS is that your symptoms improve after leaving the building in question, only to come back when you return to the same location. If you notice recurring symptoms that seem to appear whenever youre in a particular building, you may consider investigating sick building syndrome as the cause. […] SBS symptoms can affect your skin, respiratory, and neurological systems. You may mistakenly self-diagnose yourself with a cold or flu.
  • #33 Sick Building Syndrome: Testing, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://www.healthline.com/health/sick-building-syndrome
    Among the possible symptoms are: throat irritation, breathing difficulties, tightness in the chest, runny nose, allergy-like symptoms, such as sneezing, burning sensations in the nose, dry, itchy skin rashes, headaches, dizziness, difficulty concentrating, forgetfulness, fatigue, irritability, nausea, body aches, fever, chills. […] If you have allergies or a current respiratory illness, you may notice an increased severity in your symptoms. For example, people with asthma might be at a higher risk for asthma attacks due to SBS. […] Its also important to note that SBS affects everyone differently. While everyone who spends time in a particular space might go through some of the above symptoms, these can vary. Some people may not experience any symptoms at all. Others may experience symptoms after leaving the building in question this may be due to repeated or long-term exposure.
  • #34 How Federal Employees Can Navigate Sick Building Syndromecalendar
    https://www.pinesfederal.com/legal-blog/how-can-federal-employees-navigate-sick-building/
    SBS also affects everyone differently. People may have certain chemical sensitivities that negatively respond to certain types of air quality or other hazardous phenomena present in a workspace. […] You may be suffering from SBS at your place of employment if you only experience symptoms when physically inside your workplace. […] SBS is likely the blame if your symptoms taper off once you depart your worksite and air quality improves. In some cases, however, symptoms may persist even after departing due to your frequent presence in the hazardous environment. […] If you have eliminated common possibilities like allergies or the flu and have tracked that symptoms tend to resurface when you return to work, you are likely suffering from SBS. […] If SBS is impacting multiple employees and the fix is obvious and easy, they may take immediate steps to resolve the problem.
  • #35 What is Sick Building Syndrome? – ActivePure Technology
    https://blog.activepure.com/what-is-sick-building-syndrome/
    Business owners, are your employees complaining of headaches, nausea, or fatigue when they work from the office? […] The main sign of Sick Building Syndrome is people in the building complaining of non-life-threatening symptoms such as “headache; eye, nose, or throat irritation; dry cough; dry or itchy skin; dizziness and nausea; difficulty in concentrating; fatigue; and sensitivity to odors.” […] Some people may be more sensitive than others or have pre-existing health conditions. […] The key point is that one must take employee and tenant claims of health effects seriously, regardless of whether everyone is experiencing the same symptoms to the same degree. […] Even if there is a problem, not everyone in the office will experience SBS symptoms. […] If, after performing your due diligence, employees are still experiencing SBS symptoms, your company may have its work cut out for it regarding employee morale and corporate culture.
  • #36 The sick building syndrome
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2796751/
    The symptoms of SBS are commonly seen in people with clerical jobs than in people with managerial jobs because professionals or managers have better working conditions. The symptoms are more common in females than in males probably because more females are in secretarial jobs, they are more aware of their health or a lesser dose of pollutants is required to manifest the effects. The symptoms are more common in air-conditioned buildings than in naturally ventilated buildings and are more common in a public sector building than in a private sector building.
  • #37 An Update on Sick Building Syndrome
    https://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/701739_7
    Personal risk factors for SBS have been described in previous review articles. […] Recent research has mainly added new knowledge on the role of personality traits and psychosocial work environment for SBS. […] There are a number of studies reporting that women have a higher prevalence of SBS than men. […] Self-reported allergy (e.g. hay fever) is associated with a higher prevalence of SBS. […] Tendency to somatization and neuroticism has been shown to be associated with SBS. […] Positive associations between SBS and anxiety and depression, measured by the Hospital Anxiety and depression Scale (HAD), have been reported. […] An unbalanced psychosocial work environment, with high demands, particularly in combination with lack of control and lack of support from superiors and colleagues, increases the risk for cardiovascular disease.
  • #38 Sick building syndrome – Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sick_building_syndrome
    The WHO has classified the reported symptoms into broad categories, including mucous-membrane irritation (eye, nose, and throat irritation), neurotoxic effects (headaches, fatigue, and irritability), asthma and asthma-like symptoms (chest tightness and wheezing), skin dryness and irritation, and gastrointestinal complaints. […] Several sick occupants may report individual symptoms that do not seem connected. The key to discovery is the increased incidence of illnesses in general with onset or exacerbation in a short period, usually weeks. In most cases, SBS symptoms are relieved soon after the occupants leave the particular room or zone. […] However, there can be lingering effects of various neurotoxins, which may not clear up when the occupant leaves the building. In some cases, including those of sensitive people, there are long-term health effects.
  • #39 Sick Building Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, and Fixes
    https://www.verywellhealth.com/building-related-symptoms-7561949
    In most cases, building-related symptoms get better shortly after leaving the building. However, the effects of toxicity, particularly to fumes and chemicals, may linger for some time after. […] Sick building syndrome, also known as building-related symptoms, is a phenomenon that develops in some people when they are in certain buildings. Building-related symptoms can be similar to allergic symptoms, such as dry eyes, dry and itchy throat and skin, coughing, and headaches. Some people may also experience shortness of breath, difficulty concentrating, and malaise.
  • #40 Sick Building Syndrome: Testing, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://www.healthline.com/health/sick-building-syndrome
    The symptoms of sick building syndrome most often get better once you leave the hazardous building in question. Persistent symptoms improve once youve either eliminated your exposure, or when hazards inside the building are removed. In some cases, long-term exposure to poor indoor air quality can lead to lung diseases, such as asthma.
  • #41 Sick-Building Syndrome
    https://www.webmd.com/men/features/sick-building-syndrome
    Pat B., a web designer in upstate New York, didn’t think much of it when she got a sinus infection the first week at her new job. Two months later, she got another one. Then the muscle cramping began. „I would try to walk at lunch time and my hips would cramp so bad I had to go back,” she recalls. „As soon as I entered the building, it felt like the breath was sucked out of me.” […] After batteries of tests, she went on a leave of absence and the symptoms leveled off. When she returned, her throat started burning the minute she stepped into the building. […] „The ceiling tiles were moldy, everything was wet,” she says. „I could smell formaldehyde and so could one other person.” Eventually, Pat was diagnosed with interstitial lung disease, an ailment that had already killed a young, athletic male co-worker. She is convinced the building she worked in caused her illnesses.
  • #42 Sick-Building Syndrome
    https://www.webmd.com/men/features/sick-building-syndrome
    However, the problem of biological contaminants is increasing, he says — molds, bacteria, such ailments as Legionnaires’ disease, now called legionella. Pat herself was finally diagnosed as having a fungal problem. […] „These are the result of poor maintenance,” Oldfield says. […] „Sometimes,” he says, „the best filters in the building are the lungs of my patients.” […] If you suspect your building might be contributing to your symptoms, Pat suggests: […] „I feel better now,” Pat says, three and a half years after quitting. „But my toes are still numb.”
  • #43 psychology and the sick building syndrome
    https://ergo.human.cornell.edu/AirQuality/iaqslides96/ahpaper.html
    SBS symptoms include headache, lethargy, eye, nose and throat irritation, breathing problems, and skin irritation. […] SBS symptoms are linked to building occupancy because they get better on leaving the building. […] In newly constructed or recently remodelled spaces, reports of SBS can be acute and temporary, typically dissipating within 6 months. […] Many of these symptoms are thought to stem from acute exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from new building materials, paints, furniture, and finishes, although research evidence for this remains inconclusive. […] In permanently „sick” buildings, a high symptom prevalence can persist for several years and exposure to VOCs emissions from new materials cannot explain symptoms. […] Moreover, concentrations of indoor air pollutants invariably are low.
  • #44 The parameter of the Sick Building Syndrome: A systematic literature review
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11225762/
    According to Engvall et al., it is critical to understand what signifies the level of SBS and what indicators should be taken into consideration when managing SBS. […] Several studies already determined the parameter of SBS such as Huang et al., Yusoff Sulaiman, Ahmad Hassim, Mei Mydin, Annila et al., Pantelic et al., Nduka et al., Sakellaris et al., Franke Nadler, Nduka et al. and Kalender-Smajlovic et al., which stated that the condition of human health both mentally and physically need to be measured to determine the level of SBS. […] The SBS symptoms are frequently subjective and vary from person to person. They can include, among other things, headaches, tiredness, respiratory difficulties, dizziness, and skin irritation. […] SBS symptoms might change with the seasons. Some symptoms, for example, maybe more evident during the winter when buildings are sealed and less ventilated, whilst others may be more prominent during the pollen season when allergies are increased.
  • #45 Sick building syndrome and the OH clinician
    https://www.som.org.uk/occupational-health-learning/Physical%20Hazard/__Sick-building-syndrome.html
    Some people are more allergic to mould and dust, so symptoms can be highly variable between employees in identical environments. […] Inadequate ventilation will exacerbate symptoms caused by known offenders like VOCs and exhaust fumes. […] Mould spores and pollen all cause allergic reactions or illness described as SBS. […] Specific careers are also associated with specific SBS symptoms. Transport, communication, healthcare, and social workers have highest prevalence of general symptoms. […] A reasonable order of priorities for investigation would be: Look for the obvious (eg faulty ventilation, excessive sunlight) Check the symptoms (eg all respiratory?) Ask the staff what the problems are (most important!) […] How frequently, and at what time of day, do they appear? How long have they been going on? Do they go away after leaving the building?
  • #46 The sick building syndrome
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2796751/
    The symptoms of SBS are commonly seen in people with clerical jobs than in people with managerial jobs because professionals or managers have better working conditions. The symptoms are more common in females than in males probably because more females are in secretarial jobs, they are more aware of their health or a lesser dose of pollutants is required to manifest the effects. The symptoms are more common in air-conditioned buildings than in naturally ventilated buildings and are more common in a public sector building than in a private sector building.
  • #47 Whatever happened to sick building syndrome? – System Concepts Ltd. Making places, products and services more usable, accessible and safe.
    https://www.system-concepts.com/insights/sick-building-syndrome-what-happened/
    HSE lists the causes of SBS as a combination of chemical and/or biological contaminants, poor ventilation, excessively humid or dry air, electromagnetic radiation, poor lighting, poor acoustics, bad ergonomics and psychological factors such as excessive work stress, job dissatisfaction and poor interpersonal relationships. […] Regular complaints about temperature, humidity, lighting etc to helpdesks or maintenance teams can also suggests problems, most of which can be easily fixed.
  • #48 Sick Building Syndrome: Testing, Treatment, and Prevention
    https://www.healthline.com/health/sick-building-syndrome
    Among the possible symptoms are: throat irritation, breathing difficulties, tightness in the chest, runny nose, allergy-like symptoms, such as sneezing, burning sensations in the nose, dry, itchy skin rashes, headaches, dizziness, difficulty concentrating, forgetfulness, fatigue, irritability, nausea, body aches, fever, chills. […] If you have allergies or a current respiratory illness, you may notice an increased severity in your symptoms. For example, people with asthma might be at a higher risk for asthma attacks due to SBS. […] Its also important to note that SBS affects everyone differently. While everyone who spends time in a particular space might go through some of the above symptoms, these can vary. Some people may not experience any symptoms at all. Others may experience symptoms after leaving the building in question this may be due to repeated or long-term exposure.
  • #49 Sick Building Syndrome | Dr Frances Pitsilis
    https://www.drfrances.co.nz/sick-building-syndrome.html
    Does going to work make you sick? Some people think it could be due to the air and the others due to the people. This is a controversial condition that presents with numerous non-specific symptoms that occur while you are in the building and get better after you have left the building. The shortlist includes irritated ears, nose, throat, and fatigue, headache and reduced concentration. […] The full symptom list, in addition to the ones already mentioned, can include the following: Mental fatigue, Reduced memory, Drowsiness, Reduced concentration, Dizziness, A feeling of intoxication, Nausea, Odour or taste complaints, Runny nose and eyes, Asthma type symptoms. […] Up to 30% of office workers get this condition. Apparently in most normal buildings, 10-20% of workers will complain of non specific symptoms that fit with this condition anyway. It is an elevated incidence of symptoms, generally 30-70% that will attract the label of sick building syndrome to a building.
  • #50 An Update on Sick Building Syndrome
    https://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/701739_7
    Personal risk factors for SBS have been described in previous review articles. […] Recent research has mainly added new knowledge on the role of personality traits and psychosocial work environment for SBS. […] There are a number of studies reporting that women have a higher prevalence of SBS than men. […] Self-reported allergy (e.g. hay fever) is associated with a higher prevalence of SBS. […] Tendency to somatization and neuroticism has been shown to be associated with SBS. […] Positive associations between SBS and anxiety and depression, measured by the Hospital Anxiety and depression Scale (HAD), have been reported. […] An unbalanced psychosocial work environment, with high demands, particularly in combination with lack of control and lack of support from superiors and colleagues, increases the risk for cardiovascular disease.
  • #51 Frontiers | Sick building syndrome and its associated factors among adult people living in Hodan district Moqadishu Somalia
    https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/built-environment/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2023.1218659/full
    Sick building syndrome (SBS) consists of a group of mucosal, skin, and general symptoms temporally that is related to residential buildings of unclear causes. […] The prevalence of SBS was 41% from the total of 261 participants. […] SBS had a significant association with being female, lack of functional windows, fungal growth in the buildings, recent use of pesticides, paints, and solvents, cooking inside the building, outdoor air pollutants, use of charcoal for cooking, incensing habits of occupants, fan use, and dust in the living rooms. […] The reported symptoms were categorized as mucosal (33%), skin (29.5%), and general symptoms (23.8%). Specific symptoms included eye irritation, skin itchiness, headache, nasal irritation, dry throat, lip dryness, cough, fatigue and dry skin, ear itching, fever, and dizziness.
  • #52 Frontiers | Sick building syndrome and its associated factors among adult people living in Hodan district Moqadishu Somalia
    https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/built-environment/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2023.1218659/full
    Females were three times more likely to develop SBS than males. […] The prevalence of sick building syndrome was nearly four times higher among respondents living in buildings without functional windows. […] The likelihood of experiencing sick building syndrome was more than three times greater for participants living in buildings observed fungal growth. […] Residents who recently used pesticides, paints, and solvents had a higher risk of having SBS than those who did not use them. […] Additionally, residents who cooked inside their living spaces had approximately five times greater chance of developing sick building syndrome than those who did not cook indoors. […] Residents living in buildings with outdoor pollutants had six times higher odds of developing SBS compared to those without outdoor pollutants.
  • #53 Frontiers | Sick building syndrome and its associated factors among adult people living in Hodan district Moqadishu Somalia
    https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/built-environment/articles/10.3389/fbuil.2023.1218659/full
    The odds of experiencing SBS were almost two times greater for occupants using charcoal as a cooking energy source than those using gas. […] The likelihood of having SBS was more than four times higher among occupants who habitually burn incense and use joss sticks. […] The prevalence of sick building syndrome (SBS) was five times higher among residents living in buildings with dust compared to those residing in buildings without dust.
  • #54 The parameter of the Sick Building Syndrome: A systematic literature review
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11225762/
    SBS can also impact occupant productivity, such as decreased work output or increased errors. […] An increase in sick leave rates among occupants may also indicate that SBS is present in the building. […] One of the primary indicators of SBS is occupant complaints, such as reporting symptoms of discomfort or poor air quality.
  • #55 How Federal Employees Can Navigate Sick Building Syndromecalendar
    https://www.pinesfederal.com/legal-blog/how-can-federal-employees-navigate-sick-building/
    There is nothing worse than knowing you will experience adverse symptoms when at your place of employment. Many offices and worksites can induce a phenomenon known as “sick building syndrome,” or SBS, in which one or more elements of a facility’s condition habitually triggers unpleasant and harmful bodily responses from the employees that work there. […] SBS can trigger a wide range of symptoms, including: Runny nose, Shortness of breath, Dizziness, Forgetfulness, Fever, Chills, Nausea, Body and limb aches, Skin rashes, Chronic sneezing, Tightness in the chest, Throat pain. […] Because SBS symptoms can range from the neurological to the respiratory, the condition is often misdiagnosed. Many assume they merely have the cold, flu, or some type of bug, especially if multiple employees in an office simultaneously exhibit symptoms.
  • #56 Sick building syndrome: causes and prevention | Metrikus
    https://www.metrikus.io/blog/sick-building-syndrome-and-the-workplace
    Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) symptoms are thought to cost the British economy around 24.6 million annually in lost working days. […] Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) is a condition where the occupants of a building or other enclosed indoor environment begin to experience health or comfort-related symptoms that disappear upon leaving the space. […] One of the first signs of SBS is multiple team members complaining about similar, vaguely defined symptoms. These are often things like headaches, skin irritation, dizziness and an inability to concentrate. Typically these symptoms subside when the affected individual or individuals are away from the problematic space for a couple of days.
  • #57 Sick building syndrome: causes and prevention | Metrikus
    https://www.metrikus.io/blog/sick-building-syndrome-and-the-workplace
    Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) symptoms are thought to cost the British economy around 24.6 million annually in lost working days. […] Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) is a condition where the occupants of a building or other enclosed indoor environment begin to experience health or comfort-related symptoms that disappear upon leaving the space. […] One of the first signs of SBS is multiple team members complaining about similar, vaguely defined symptoms. These are often things like headaches, skin irritation, dizziness and an inability to concentrate. Typically these symptoms subside when the affected individual or individuals are away from the problematic space for a couple of days.
  • #58 What is „Sick Building Syndrome”? – RHP Risk Management
    https://rhprisk.com/what-is-sick-building-syndrome/
    The term sick building syndrome is used to describe situations in which building occupants claim they have experienced acute health and comfort effects that are linked to time spent in a building. Some symptoms include mucous membrane irritation of eyes, nose, and throat; headache; unusual tiredness or fatigue; or dry or itchy skin. […] Diminished building air quality, like high humidity, biological contaminants, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), bacteria, fungi, pollen, viruses, and dust can have a negative impact on employee comfort, productivity, health, and well-being, increasing the risk of allegations of sick building syndrome. […] Studies have shown the value of installing, maintaining, and monitoring building ventilation systems and IAQ. A Harvard study states people who work in well-ventilated offices with below-average levels of indoor pollutants and carbon dioxide have significantly higher cognitive functioning scores than those who work in offices with typical levels.
  • #59 How Federal Employees Can Navigate Sick Building Syndromecalendar
    https://www.pinesfederal.com/legal-blog/how-can-federal-employees-navigate-sick-building/
    The good news is that chronic SBS symptoms qualify under the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) as a condition requiring reasonable accommodations in the federal sector. […] If you have chemical sensitives that result in recurring symptoms or an existing condition that are exacerbated by sick building syndrome, you likely qualify for protections and accommodations under the Rehabilitation Act and ADA. […] When presented with a valid Rehabilitation Act and/or ADA claim stemming from SBS-related symptoms, your agency must make reasonable accommodations that do not confer an undue hardship. […] In most cases, requesting reasonable accommodations will not represent an undue burden on your agency.
  • #60 How Federal Employees Can Navigate Sick Building Syndromecalendar
    https://www.pinesfederal.com/legal-blog/how-can-federal-employees-navigate-sick-building/
    The good news is that chronic SBS symptoms qualify under the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) as a condition requiring reasonable accommodations in the federal sector. […] If you have chemical sensitives that result in recurring symptoms or an existing condition that are exacerbated by sick building syndrome, you likely qualify for protections and accommodations under the Rehabilitation Act and ADA. […] When presented with a valid Rehabilitation Act and/or ADA claim stemming from SBS-related symptoms, your agency must make reasonable accommodations that do not confer an undue hardship. […] In most cases, requesting reasonable accommodations will not represent an undue burden on your agency.
  • #61 Sick Building Syndrome: What It Is and Tips for Prevention — Occupational Health & Safety
    https://ohsonline.com/articles/2016/10/01/sick-building-syndrome.aspx
    Telltale clues include increased absenteeism, a large number of occupants complaining about vague but similar symptoms, and a common history of symptom resolution when people are not in the building. […] „Sick building syndrome” is the name given to a collection of illnesses and symptoms that afflict multiple occupants of particular buildings. The symptoms include sniffles; stuffy noses; itchy eyes; sinus infections; scratchy throats; dry, irritated skin; upset stomachs; headaches; difficulty concentrating; and fatigue or lethargy. The key factors in diagnosing sick building syndrome are a rapid recovery and the disappearance of symptoms after an affected individual leaves the building. […] There is no specific medical test to diagnose sick building syndrome. Physicians usually treat the symptoms individually, but the real identification of a „sick building” is subjective. Telltale clues include increased absenteeism among the building occupants, a large number of occupants complaining about vague but similar symptoms, and a common history of symptom resolution when people are not in the building.
  • #62 Sick Building Syndrome – Maine Indoor Air Quality Council
    https://maineindoorair.org/sick-building-syndrome/
    The term sick building syndrome (SBS) is used to describe situations in which building occupants experience acute health and comfort effects that appear to be linked to time spent in a building, but no specific illness or cause can be identified. […] People may complain of one or more of the following symptoms: dry or burning mucous membranes in the nose, eyes, and throat; sneezing; stuffy or runny nose; fatigue or lethargy; headache; dizziness; nausea; irritability and forgetfulness. […] There is no single manner in which these health problems appear. In some cases, problems begin as workers enter their offices and diminish as workers leave; other times, symptoms continue until the illness is treated. […] Indicators of Sick Building Syndrome include: Building occupants complain of symptoms associated with acute discomfort, e.g., headache; eye, nose, or throat irritation; dry cough; dry or itchy skin; dizziness and nausea; difficulty in concentrating; fatigue; and sensitivity to odors. […] The cause of the symptoms is not known. […] Most complainants report relief soon after leaving the building.
  • #63 Sick Building Syndrome | ServiceMaster Clean
    https://www.servicemasterclean.com/clean-blog/office-cleaning/sick-building-syndrome-is-your-office-at-risk-/
    Some sick building syndrome symptoms include the following: […] The symptoms of sick building syndrome may appear as individual symptoms, in any combination of symptoms, or can even vary day by day. […] But unlike a cold or flu virus, SBS symptoms tend to worsen while you’re in a specific building and improve when you leave. […] If you notice your symptoms ease shortly after leaving work and return when you’re back, you likely have sick building syndrome.
  • #64 4 Ways to Combat Building-Related Illness and Sick Building Syndrome
    https://www.hepacart.com/blog/4-ways-to-combat-building-related-illness-and-sick-building-syndrome
    Sick building syndrome, also known as building-related illness, can be linked to indoor air pollutants. […] Symptoms of what many still call sick building syndrome include sniffles, stuffy noses, nosebleeds, itchy eyes, scratchy throats, headaches, nausea, dry skin, and fatigue. […] Nonspecific building-related illness is diagnosed by process of elimination. The doctor encourages the patient to keep a journal for recording symptoms so that conditions such as a cold, asthma, and allergies can be ruled out. […] Treating symptoms should be considered a stopgap measure, of course, as the facility manager tracks down and corrects possible causes within the indoor environment, such as inadequate air circulation, pollutants, poor lighting, and noise.
  • #65 Sick Building Syndrome – Questions To Answer! – Indoor Science
    https://indoorscience.com/blog/sick-building-syndrome-questions-to-answer/
    On many projects that I have worked on throughout the years, I have been asked to evaluate a building for “Sick Building Syndrome”. Now, what is this syndrome? Is the building somehow sick? Not exactly. According to the EPA, sick building syndrome (or SBS) describes “situations in which building occupants experience acute health and comfort effects that appear to be linked to time spent in a building, but no specific illness or cause can be identified. The complaints may be localized in a particular room or zone, or may be widespread throughout the building.” […] During the site assessments, the clients will complain of one or more different symptoms such as fatigue, nausea, throat irritation, headaches, trouble breathing or a host of other issues. […] This is a sure-fire sign of sick building syndrome. The length of time it takes for the symptoms to lessen can vary. Some of my clients reported that when they took an extended weekend getaway or a long vacation, the symptoms would go away. Other clients report that within an hour of leaving their home, they felt much better.
  • #66 Sick Building Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, Risks, Treatment and More
    https://www.medicinenet.com/sick_building_syndrome/article.htm
    Additionally, the term „building sickness symptoms” is often used interchangeably with sick building syndrome (SBS) and refers to the same range of nonspecific symptoms linked to poor indoor environmental quality, such as chemical exposure, poor ventilation, and mold presence. There is no pattern or clear set of sick building syndrome symptoms that fit the criteria for a new syndrome in the opinion of many clinicians and investigators; these symptoms are often part of symptoms of many other diagnosable medical conditions.
  • #67 Sick Building Syndrome – Questions To Answer! – Indoor Science
    https://indoorscience.com/blog/sick-building-syndrome-questions-to-answer/
    On many projects that I have worked on throughout the years, I have been asked to evaluate a building for “Sick Building Syndrome”. Now, what is this syndrome? Is the building somehow sick? Not exactly. According to the EPA, sick building syndrome (or SBS) describes “situations in which building occupants experience acute health and comfort effects that appear to be linked to time spent in a building, but no specific illness or cause can be identified. The complaints may be localized in a particular room or zone, or may be widespread throughout the building.” […] During the site assessments, the clients will complain of one or more different symptoms such as fatigue, nausea, throat irritation, headaches, trouble breathing or a host of other issues. […] This is a sure-fire sign of sick building syndrome. The length of time it takes for the symptoms to lessen can vary. Some of my clients reported that when they took an extended weekend getaway or a long vacation, the symptoms would go away. Other clients report that within an hour of leaving their home, they felt much better.
  • #68 Sick Building Syndrome – Questions To Answer! – Indoor Science
    https://indoorscience.com/blog/sick-building-syndrome-questions-to-answer/
    We have also had a number of clients report that they started feeling ill shortly after moving into their property. Sometimes a client has been living in a property for a number of years and has felt perfectly fine until now. […] Another way of phrasing this could be “From the time everything was fine to the time that it wasn’t – what changed?” This could involve extensive remodeling like a new kitchen or bathroom, painting, staining, caulking, etc. […] This question can also help in figuring out the source of the problem. For instance, if a client’s symptoms appear to be worse in the morning, it could be an indication that the problem is in the bedroom where they are sleeping. […] If the problems occur during times of more extreme weather, such as a hot summer or cold winter, the issue may be associated with the HVAC system and ventilation. […] A mold problem can wreak havoc for people with hypersensitivities. A moisture problem doesn’t even have to be recent for there to be a mold problem. A past issue with dampness can mean elevated mold levels today.
  • #69 How Federal Employees Can Navigate Sick Building Syndromecalendar
    https://www.pinesfederal.com/legal-blog/how-can-federal-employees-navigate-sick-building/
    SBS also affects everyone differently. People may have certain chemical sensitivities that negatively respond to certain types of air quality or other hazardous phenomena present in a workspace. […] You may be suffering from SBS at your place of employment if you only experience symptoms when physically inside your workplace. […] SBS is likely the blame if your symptoms taper off once you depart your worksite and air quality improves. In some cases, however, symptoms may persist even after departing due to your frequent presence in the hazardous environment. […] If you have eliminated common possibilities like allergies or the flu and have tracked that symptoms tend to resurface when you return to work, you are likely suffering from SBS. […] If SBS is impacting multiple employees and the fix is obvious and easy, they may take immediate steps to resolve the problem.
  • #70 Sick building syndrome and the OH clinician
    https://www.som.org.uk/occupational-health-learning/Physical%20Hazard/__Sick-building-syndrome.html
    Some people are more allergic to mould and dust, so symptoms can be highly variable between employees in identical environments. […] Inadequate ventilation will exacerbate symptoms caused by known offenders like VOCs and exhaust fumes. […] Mould spores and pollen all cause allergic reactions or illness described as SBS. […] Specific careers are also associated with specific SBS symptoms. Transport, communication, healthcare, and social workers have highest prevalence of general symptoms. […] A reasonable order of priorities for investigation would be: Look for the obvious (eg faulty ventilation, excessive sunlight) Check the symptoms (eg all respiratory?) Ask the staff what the problems are (most important!) […] How frequently, and at what time of day, do they appear? How long have they been going on? Do they go away after leaving the building?
  • #71 What Is Sick Building Syndrome? – Pure Environmental
    https://purenvironmental.com/blog/what-is-sick-building-syndrome/
    If you go to the doctor for sick building syndrome, they will most likely use a process of elimination to rule out conditions such as: Asthma, Allergies; or Other illnesses. […] The best solution for sick building syndrome is the removal of all air and surface contaminants with an air filtration system, such as Pure Environmentals PurAyr technology. […] Some additional ideas for coping with sick building syndrome in the meantime include: Taking regular outside breaks, Opening the windows to let fresh air inside; and Being cautious with indoor chemical use.
  • #72 What is Sick Building Syndrome? – Crete United
    https://creteunited.com/blog/what-is-sick-building-syndrome/
    Complainants always report relief after leaving the building, but there are lingering effects of neurotoxins. […] Health professionals use the elimination process to diagnose SBS. Other conditions that could mimic SBS will be ruled out. These conditions could be asthma, allergies, or colds. You’ll also be asked about your home and work environment. […] SBS treatment is through symptom alleviation and reduced exposure to the causes of the symptoms. You could also opt for allergy medications to alleviate itchy nose, skin, and eyes. Over-the-counter options like Zyrtec and Benadryl are also viable treatment routes. If you’re experiencing breathing difficulties like wheezing, you could consider asthma medications.