Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Illness Anxiety Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554399/

  Psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for IAD. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on treating the patient’s dysfunctional maladaptive cognitive beliefs by behavioral modification strategies. It may address the patient’s habits of excessive body checking for signs of illness. CBT also includes education about normal somatic sensations and their normal variations. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, group therapies, and acceptance and commitment therapy may also be instituted. […] Pharmacological drugs are the second-line treatment for IAD. Antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are proven to be effective in this condition. Patients who respond to antidepressant therapy are recommended to receive maintenance treatment for at least 6 to 12 months. Most patients require a combination of psychotherapy and pharmacological agents.

• #2 Illness anxiety disorder – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/illness-anxiety-disorder/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20373787

  The goal of treatment is to help you manage anxiety about your health and improve your ability to function in daily life. Psychotherapy also called talk therapy can be helpful for illness anxiety disorder. Sometimes medications may be added. […] Because physical sensations can be related to emotional distress and health anxiety, psychotherapy particularly cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can be an effective treatment. CBT helps you learn skills to manage illness anxiety disorder and find different ways to manage your worries other than excessive medical testing or avoidance of medical care. […] Antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), may help treat illness anxiety disorder. Medications to treat mood or anxiety disorders, if present, also may help. […] Other therapies such as behavioral stress management and exposure therapy also may be helpful.

• #3 Illness Anxiety Disorder (Hypochondria): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://thriveworks.com/help-with/anxiety/illness-anxiety-disorder/

  Therapists typically employ a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) approach to illness anxiety disorder, which among other key points, helps clients recognize and successfully counteract negative thought patterns. […] Still, other therapeutic methods include: Group therapy: This treatment method may help those with illness anxiety disorder to better recognize intrusive and irrational health-related thoughts, as they connect and communicate with others who share similar symptoms. […] Psychiatrists routinely prescribe anti-depressant medication to help treat illness anxiety disorder, specifically selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as sertraline, fluoxetine (perhaps the most popular), fluvoxamine, and paroxetine.

• #4 Learn About Health Anxiety | Psychology Tools

  https://www.psychologytools.com/articles/learn-about-health-anxiety

  Fortunately, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) are both effective psychological treatments for health anxiety. […] Research studies have shown that Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is one of the most effective psychological therapies for health anxiety. […] Psychological treatments for health anxiety which have good research support include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). […] CBT is a popular form of talking therapy. […] There is a small amount of evidence that medication can be helpful for reducing the symptoms of health anxiety. These include clomipramine, imipramine, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, and nefazodone. The effectiveness of medical treatments appears to be smaller than for cognitive behavioral therapy.

• #5 Illness Anxiety Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554399/

  Psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for IAD. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on treating the patient’s dysfunctional maladaptive cognitive beliefs by behavioral modification strategies. It may address the patient’s habits of excessive body checking for signs of illness. CBT also includes education about normal somatic sensations and their normal variations. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, group therapies, and acceptance and commitment therapy may also be instituted. […] Pharmacological drugs are the second-line treatment for IAD. Antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are proven to be effective in this condition. Patients who respond to antidepressant therapy are recommended to receive maintenance treatment for at least 6 to 12 months. Most patients require a combination of psychotherapy and pharmacological agents.

• #6 Illness Anxiety Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554399/

  Psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for IAD. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on treating the patient’s dysfunctional maladaptive cognitive beliefs by behavioral modification strategies. It may address the patient’s habits of excessive body checking for signs of illness. CBT also includes education about normal somatic sensations and their normal variations. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, group therapies, and acceptance and commitment therapy may also be instituted. […] Pharmacological drugs are the second-line treatment for IAD. Antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are proven to be effective in this condition. Patients who respond to antidepressant therapy are recommended to receive maintenance treatment for at least 6 to 12 months. Most patients require a combination of psychotherapy and pharmacological agents.

• #7 Illness Anxiety Disorder Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-treatment

  Continue successful long-term trials of medications for patients with illness anxiety disorder. […] For patients with comorbid disorders, consider maintenance of those trials because these disorders can initiate and/or exacerbate hypochondriacal symptoms. […] Basic management principles include the following: Establish a firm therapeutic alliance with the patient. Educate the patient regarding the manifestations of hypochondriasis. Offer consistent reassurance. Optimize the patient’s ability to cope with the symptoms, rather than trying to eliminate the symptoms themselves. Avoid performing high-risk, low-yield invasive procedures. Close collaboration among all treating providers to prevent investigative duplication. […] The most powerful therapeutic tool is the physician and their team’s attention, concern, interest, careful listening, and nonjudgmental stance, which can potentially break a pathological cycle of maladaptive interactions between the patient and movement from physician to physician.

• #8 Anxiety Disorders: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9536-anxiety-disorders

  Anxiety disorders can make it difficult to get through the day. Fortunately, there are several effective treatments for these conditions. […] Your healthcare provider will tailor a treatment plan that works for you. Your plan may include a combination of medication and psychotherapy (talk therapy). […] Medications for anxiety disorders often include: Antidepressants, Benzodiazepines, Beta-blockers. […] Psychotherapy, also called talk therapy, is a term for a variety of treatment techniques that aim to help you identify and change unhealthy emotions, thoughts and behaviors. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most common type of psychotherapy to help manage anxiety disorders. […] Exposure therapy helps show you that you’re capable of confronting your fears.

• #9 Illness anxiety disorder: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001236.htm

  It is important to have a supportive relationship with a provider. There should be only one primary care provider. This helps avoid having too many tests and procedures, some of which may be harmful. […] Finding a mental health provider who has experience treating this disorder with talk therapy can be helpful. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a kind of talk therapy, can help you deal with your symptoms. During therapy, you will learn: […] Antidepressants can help reduce the worry and physical symptoms of this disorder if talk therapy has not been effective or only partially effective.

• #10 Illness Anxiety Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554399/

  Psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for IAD. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on treating the patient’s dysfunctional maladaptive cognitive beliefs by behavioral modification strategies. It may address the patient’s habits of excessive body checking for signs of illness. CBT also includes education about normal somatic sensations and their normal variations. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, group therapies, and acceptance and commitment therapy may also be instituted. […] Pharmacological drugs are the second-line treatment for IAD. Antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are proven to be effective in this condition. Patients who respond to antidepressant therapy are recommended to receive maintenance treatment for at least 6 to 12 months. Most patients require a combination of psychotherapy and pharmacological agents.

• #11 Illness anxiety disorder – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/illness-anxiety-disorder/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20373787

  The goal of treatment is to help you manage anxiety about your health and improve your ability to function in daily life. Psychotherapy also called talk therapy can be helpful for illness anxiety disorder. Sometimes medications may be added. […] Because physical sensations can be related to emotional distress and health anxiety, psychotherapy particularly cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can be an effective treatment. CBT helps you learn skills to manage illness anxiety disorder and find different ways to manage your worries other than excessive medical testing or avoidance of medical care. […] Antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), may help treat illness anxiety disorder. Medications to treat mood or anxiety disorders, if present, also may help. […] Other therapies such as behavioral stress management and exposure therapy also may be helpful.

• #12 Illness Anxiety Disorder: A Review of the Current Research and Future Directions

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11211185/

  We review recent evidence on Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD), including risk factors and precipitants, diagnostic classification, clinical characteristics of the disorder, and assessment and treatment in both children and adults. […] Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for IAD and there are multiple validated measures of health anxiety available. […] IAD is chronic, and debilitating, but when identified, it can be effectively treated with CBT. […] The most widely supported evidence based psychological treatment for health anxiety and IAD is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). CBT typically consists of strategies including psychoeducation; cognitive restructuring of catastrophic beliefs about health and bodily symptoms; behavioural strategies to reduce hypervigilance to body sensations and compulsive coping behaviours such as body checking, reassurance-seeking, and avoidance; and relapse prevention. Evidence from meta-analyses shows that CBT is a highly efficacious and cost-effective treatment for health anxiety, with a moderate to large pooled effect size on health anxiety compared to non-CBT controls, with improvements largely maintained over 12-18 months.

• #13 Illness Anxiety Disorder: A Review of the Current Research and Future Directions

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11211185/

  We review recent evidence on Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD), including risk factors and precipitants, diagnostic classification, clinical characteristics of the disorder, and assessment and treatment in both children and adults. […] Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for IAD and there are multiple validated measures of health anxiety available. […] IAD is chronic, and debilitating, but when identified, it can be effectively treated with CBT. […] The most widely supported evidence based psychological treatment for health anxiety and IAD is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). CBT typically consists of strategies including psychoeducation; cognitive restructuring of catastrophic beliefs about health and bodily symptoms; behavioural strategies to reduce hypervigilance to body sensations and compulsive coping behaviours such as body checking, reassurance-seeking, and avoidance; and relapse prevention. Evidence from meta-analyses shows that CBT is a highly efficacious and cost-effective treatment for health anxiety, with a moderate to large pooled effect size on health anxiety compared to non-CBT controls, with improvements largely maintained over 12-18 months.

• #14

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11920-024-01507-2

  We review recent evidence on Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD), including risk factors and precipitants, diagnostic classification, clinical characteristics of the disorder, and assessment and treatment in both children and adults. […] Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for IAD and there are multiple validated measures of health anxiety available. […] IAD is chronic, and debilitating, but when identified, it can be effectively treated with CBT. […] The most widely supported evidence based psychological treatment for health anxiety and IAD is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). CBT typically consists of strategies including psychoeducation; cognitive restructuring of catastrophic beliefs about health and bodily symptoms; behavioural strategies to reduce hypervigilance to body sensations and compulsive coping behaviours such as body checking, reassurance-seeking, and avoidance; and relapse prevention. Evidence from meta-analyses shows that CBT is a highly efficacious and cost-effective treatment for health anxiety, with a moderate to large pooled effect size on health anxiety compared to non-CBT controls, with improvements largely maintained over 12-18 months.

• #15 Illness Anxiety Disorder – Cognitive Behavior Associates

  https://www.cognitivebehaviorassociates.com/illness-anxiety-disorder/

  Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) can be an effective treatment for Illness Anxiety Disorder. CBT teaches skills to manage these issues and to find different ways to cope with worries other than excessive medical visits and testing. […] CBT can help: Identify fears and beliefs about having a serious medical disease, Learn different ways to view body sensations by working to change unhelpful thoughts, Change the response to body sensations and symptoms, Reduce behaviors of frequent body checking for signs of illness and repeatedly seeking reassurance, Learn skills to cope with and tolerate anxiety and stress, Improve daily functioning at home, at work, in relationships and in social situations, Become more aware of how worries affect your feelings and behavior, Address other mental health disorders, such as depression.

• #16 Illness Anxiety Disorder: A Review of the Current Research and Future Directions

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11211185/

  We review recent evidence on Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD), including risk factors and precipitants, diagnostic classification, clinical characteristics of the disorder, and assessment and treatment in both children and adults. […] Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for IAD and there are multiple validated measures of health anxiety available. […] IAD is chronic, and debilitating, but when identified, it can be effectively treated with CBT. […] The most widely supported evidence based psychological treatment for health anxiety and IAD is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). CBT typically consists of strategies including psychoeducation; cognitive restructuring of catastrophic beliefs about health and bodily symptoms; behavioural strategies to reduce hypervigilance to body sensations and compulsive coping behaviours such as body checking, reassurance-seeking, and avoidance; and relapse prevention. Evidence from meta-analyses shows that CBT is a highly efficacious and cost-effective treatment for health anxiety, with a moderate to large pooled effect size on health anxiety compared to non-CBT controls, with improvements largely maintained over 12-18 months.

• #17

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11920-024-01507-2

  We review recent evidence on Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD), including risk factors and precipitants, diagnostic classification, clinical characteristics of the disorder, and assessment and treatment in both children and adults. […] Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for IAD and there are multiple validated measures of health anxiety available. […] IAD is chronic, and debilitating, but when identified, it can be effectively treated with CBT. […] The most widely supported evidence based psychological treatment for health anxiety and IAD is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). CBT typically consists of strategies including psychoeducation; cognitive restructuring of catastrophic beliefs about health and bodily symptoms; behavioural strategies to reduce hypervigilance to body sensations and compulsive coping behaviours such as body checking, reassurance-seeking, and avoidance; and relapse prevention. Evidence from meta-analyses shows that CBT is a highly efficacious and cost-effective treatment for health anxiety, with a moderate to large pooled effect size on health anxiety compared to non-CBT controls, with improvements largely maintained over 12-18 months.

• #18 Illness Anxiety Disorder – Cognitive Behavior Associates

  https://www.cognitivebehaviorassociates.com/illness-anxiety-disorder/

  Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) can be an effective treatment for Illness Anxiety Disorder. CBT teaches skills to manage these issues and to find different ways to cope with worries other than excessive medical visits and testing. […] CBT can help: Identify fears and beliefs about having a serious medical disease, Learn different ways to view body sensations by working to change unhelpful thoughts, Change the response to body sensations and symptoms, Reduce behaviors of frequent body checking for signs of illness and repeatedly seeking reassurance, Learn skills to cope with and tolerate anxiety and stress, Improve daily functioning at home, at work, in relationships and in social situations, Become more aware of how worries affect your feelings and behavior, Address other mental health disorders, such as depression.

• #19 Illness Anxiety Disorder – Cognitive Behavior Associates

  https://www.cognitivebehaviorassociates.com/illness-anxiety-disorder/

  Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) can be an effective treatment for Illness Anxiety Disorder. CBT teaches skills to manage these issues and to find different ways to cope with worries other than excessive medical visits and testing. […] CBT can help: Identify fears and beliefs about having a serious medical disease, Learn different ways to view body sensations by working to change unhelpful thoughts, Change the response to body sensations and symptoms, Reduce behaviors of frequent body checking for signs of illness and repeatedly seeking reassurance, Learn skills to cope with and tolerate anxiety and stress, Improve daily functioning at home, at work, in relationships and in social situations, Become more aware of how worries affect your feelings and behavior, Address other mental health disorders, such as depression.

• #20 Illness Anxiety Disorder | Psychology Today

  https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/conditions/illness-anxiety-disorder

  People with illness anxiety disorder are seen more often in medical than in mental health settings because they believe they are medically ill. […] In cases when people do seek, or accept, treatment for illness anxiety disorder, psychotropic medications can help treat their underlying anxiety and/or depressive symptoms. Psychotherapy can also be effective in helping individuals recognize the triggers that cause their symptoms and learn coping skills to manage their anxiety. […] Research finds that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helped patients identify their triggers, reduce their fears, and bolster their coping strategies. […] Those who are willing to work on their symptoms can adopt several CBT strategies in their daily lives.

• #21 Illness Anxiety and How to Overcome It

  https://www.turningpointpsychology.ca/blog/illness-anxiety-how-to-treat-it

  The most effective treatment for illness anxiety is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), specifically, Exposure with Response Prevention (ERP). […] In our experience, CBT and ERP for illness anxiety are more effective when combined with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). ACT helps people change their relationship with anxiety and discomfort and make conscious choices that allow them to take steps toward a rich and meaningful life, without succumbing to illness anxiety’s demands. […] As with other types of OCD, the treatment focuses on confronting the thoughts and situations that trigger anxiety while not engaging in behaviours aimed at reducing anxiety. […] The goal of the treatment is NOT to convince you that you are not sick but to help you change your relationship with anxiety and learn that you can tolerate the uncertainty and the fear of being responsible for missing a symptom.

• #22 Illness Anxiety and How to Overcome It

  https://www.turningpointpsychology.ca/blog/illness-anxiety-how-to-treat-it

  The most effective treatment for illness anxiety is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), specifically, Exposure with Response Prevention (ERP). […] In our experience, CBT and ERP for illness anxiety are more effective when combined with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). ACT helps people change their relationship with anxiety and discomfort and make conscious choices that allow them to take steps toward a rich and meaningful life, without succumbing to illness anxiety’s demands. […] As with other types of OCD, the treatment focuses on confronting the thoughts and situations that trigger anxiety while not engaging in behaviours aimed at reducing anxiety. […] The goal of the treatment is NOT to convince you that you are not sick but to help you change your relationship with anxiety and learn that you can tolerate the uncertainty and the fear of being responsible for missing a symptom.

• #23 Therapy for Anxiety Disorders – HelpGuide.org

  https://www.helpguide.org/mental-health/treatment/therapy-for-anxiety-disorders

  Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most widely-used therapy for anxiety disorders. Research has shown it to be effective in the treatment of panic disorder, phobias, social anxiety disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder, among many other conditions. […] The goal of cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety is to identify and correct these negative thoughts and beliefs. The idea is that if you change the way you think, you can change the way you feel. […] Exposure therapy, as the name suggests, exposes you to the situations or objects you fear. […] Exposure therapy may be used alone, or it may be conducted as part of cognitive behavioral therapy. […] Systematic desensitization allows you to gradually challenge your fears, build confidence, and master skills for controlling panic.

• #24 Illness Anxiety and How to Overcome It

  https://www.turningpointpsychology.ca/blog/illness-anxiety-how-to-treat-it

  The most effective treatment for illness anxiety is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), specifically, Exposure with Response Prevention (ERP). […] In our experience, CBT and ERP for illness anxiety are more effective when combined with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). ACT helps people change their relationship with anxiety and discomfort and make conscious choices that allow them to take steps toward a rich and meaningful life, without succumbing to illness anxiety’s demands. […] As with other types of OCD, the treatment focuses on confronting the thoughts and situations that trigger anxiety while not engaging in behaviours aimed at reducing anxiety. […] The goal of the treatment is NOT to convince you that you are not sick but to help you change your relationship with anxiety and learn that you can tolerate the uncertainty and the fear of being responsible for missing a symptom.

• #25 Illness Anxiety Disorder Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-treatment

  Numerous other strategies appear to benefit patients with illness anxiety disorder or hypochondriasis. […] Establish one primary care physician as the patient’s main physician and maintain consistent followup. […] Treat any comorbid psychiatric disorders concurrently. […] Several authors have suggested a cognitive-educational approach to understand the development of the severe anxiety associated with illness anxiety disorder and the factors that maintain the long-term anxiety. […] Randomized controlled trials now suggest that cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is efficacious in the treatment of illness anxiety disorder and may be the recommended treatment for patients with this disorder. […] Cognitive and exposure therapy also seems promising for illness anxiety disorder. […] Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy also appears to be effective when added to usual care.

• #26 Illness Anxiety Disorder: A Review of the Current Research and Future Directions

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11211185/

  Although less research has been conducted on other psychological therapies for health anxiety, some evidence also supports the use of third-wave therapies for health anxiety such as Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), although no studies have tested them in IAD specifically. […] A recent randomised controlled trial involving ACT delivered online showed large effect sizes in reducing health anxiety at six-month follow up compared to control. […] The authors declare no competing interests.

• #27 Illness Anxiety and How to Overcome It

  https://www.turningpointpsychology.ca/blog/illness-anxiety-how-to-treat-it

  The most effective treatment for illness anxiety is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), specifically, Exposure with Response Prevention (ERP). […] In our experience, CBT and ERP for illness anxiety are more effective when combined with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). ACT helps people change their relationship with anxiety and discomfort and make conscious choices that allow them to take steps toward a rich and meaningful life, without succumbing to illness anxiety’s demands. […] As with other types of OCD, the treatment focuses on confronting the thoughts and situations that trigger anxiety while not engaging in behaviours aimed at reducing anxiety. […] The goal of the treatment is NOT to convince you that you are not sick but to help you change your relationship with anxiety and learn that you can tolerate the uncertainty and the fear of being responsible for missing a symptom.

• #28 Illness Anxiety Disorder: A Review of the Current Research and Future Directions

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11211185/

  Although less research has been conducted on other psychological therapies for health anxiety, some evidence also supports the use of third-wave therapies for health anxiety such as Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), although no studies have tested them in IAD specifically. […] A recent randomised controlled trial involving ACT delivered online showed large effect sizes in reducing health anxiety at six-month follow up compared to control. […] The authors declare no competing interests.

• #29 Illness Anxiety Disorder Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-treatment

  Acceptance and commitment group therapy (ACT-G) has also been demonstrated to show effectiveness for treating severe health anxiety in a randomized controlled trial of 126 patients. […] In clinical settings, both the availability of CBT and treatment adherence of patients with illness anxiety disorder to psychotherapy in general are major barriers to successful outcomes. […] Psychosurgery is only recommended for patients with severe and intractable illness anxiety disorder. […] Primary care physicians generally treat illness anxiety disorder, with psychiatrists providing consultation. […] Patients with illness anxiety disorder should eat 3 meals per day to feel as healthy as possible. […] Exercise increases psychological wellbeing.

• #30 Illness Anxiety Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554399/

  Psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for IAD. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on treating the patient’s dysfunctional maladaptive cognitive beliefs by behavioral modification strategies. It may address the patient’s habits of excessive body checking for signs of illness. CBT also includes education about normal somatic sensations and their normal variations. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, group therapies, and acceptance and commitment therapy may also be instituted. […] Pharmacological drugs are the second-line treatment for IAD. Antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are proven to be effective in this condition. Patients who respond to antidepressant therapy are recommended to receive maintenance treatment for at least 6 to 12 months. Most patients require a combination of psychotherapy and pharmacological agents.

• #31 Illness Anxiety Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554399/

  Psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for IAD. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on treating the patient’s dysfunctional maladaptive cognitive beliefs by behavioral modification strategies. It may address the patient’s habits of excessive body checking for signs of illness. CBT also includes education about normal somatic sensations and their normal variations. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, group therapies, and acceptance and commitment therapy may also be instituted. […] Pharmacological drugs are the second-line treatment for IAD. Antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are proven to be effective in this condition. Patients who respond to antidepressant therapy are recommended to receive maintenance treatment for at least 6 to 12 months. Most patients require a combination of psychotherapy and pharmacological agents.

• #32 Anxiety Disorders: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9536-anxiety-disorders

  Anxiety disorders can make it difficult to get through the day. Fortunately, there are several effective treatments for these conditions. […] Your healthcare provider will tailor a treatment plan that works for you. Your plan may include a combination of medication and psychotherapy (talk therapy). […] Medications for anxiety disorders often include: Antidepressants, Benzodiazepines, Beta-blockers. […] Psychotherapy, also called talk therapy, is a term for a variety of treatment techniques that aim to help you identify and change unhealthy emotions, thoughts and behaviors. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most common type of psychotherapy to help manage anxiety disorders. […] Exposure therapy helps show you that you’re capable of confronting your fears.

• #33 Illness Anxiety Disorder (Hypochondria): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9886-illness-anxiety-disorder-hypochondria-hypochondriasis

  Illness anxiety disorder is a chronic mental illness sometimes known as hypochondria. People with this disorder have a persistent fear that they have a serious or life-threatening illness despite few or no symptoms. Medications and mental health therapy can help. […] Your healthcare provider may partner with a mental health professional, like a psychologist or psychiatrist, to help you treat hypochondria. But you’ll also continue to receive regular care from your provider. […] Treatment goals focus on improving quality of life by minimizing symptoms. Illness anxiety disorder treatment includes: Drugs like antidepressants or antianxiety medications. Mental health therapy, such as psychotherapy or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to talk through your fears and anxieties and learn healthy ways to cope.

• #34 Illness anxiety disorder: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001236.htm

  It is important to have a supportive relationship with a provider. There should be only one primary care provider. This helps avoid having too many tests and procedures, some of which may be harmful. […] Finding a mental health provider who has experience treating this disorder with talk therapy can be helpful. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a kind of talk therapy, can help you deal with your symptoms. During therapy, you will learn: […] Antidepressants can help reduce the worry and physical symptoms of this disorder if talk therapy has not been effective or only partially effective.

• #35 Illness Anxiety Disorder Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-treatment

  Continue successful long-term trials of medications for patients with illness anxiety disorder. […] For patients with comorbid disorders, consider maintenance of those trials because these disorders can initiate and/or exacerbate hypochondriacal symptoms. […] Basic management principles include the following: Establish a firm therapeutic alliance with the patient. Educate the patient regarding the manifestations of hypochondriasis. Offer consistent reassurance. Optimize the patient’s ability to cope with the symptoms, rather than trying to eliminate the symptoms themselves. Avoid performing high-risk, low-yield invasive procedures. Close collaboration among all treating providers to prevent investigative duplication. […] The most powerful therapeutic tool is the physician and their team’s attention, concern, interest, careful listening, and nonjudgmental stance, which can potentially break a pathological cycle of maladaptive interactions between the patient and movement from physician to physician.

• #36 Illness Anxiety Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554399/

  The treatment of patients with illness anxiety disorder primarily is focused on helping patients cope with their health anxieties. Primary care providers should aim to establish a rapport and therapeutic alliance with their patients so that patients feel comfortable in discussing their health concerns. The concerns and fears of patients should be acknowledged. Statements such as „it’s all in your head” should be avoided. If required, the patient may be referred to other healthcare specialists if necessary. Once a serious medical condition has been ruled out, and a diagnosis of IAD has been established, the overutilization of the medical system, unnecessary imaging studies, specialist referrals, and laboratory investigations should be avoided. These patients should ideally be referred to a specialist health care professional or a psychiatrist. The primary care physician should make this referral in a tactful and non-judgemental way so that the patients do not feel invalidated or abandoned. Patients should be scheduled for regular follow-ups with their primary care physician along with the psychiatrist. Frequent follow-ups will reduce visits to the emergency department or other physicians. It will also allow the physician to assess new complaints and associated triggers and stresses critically.

• #37 Illness Anxiety Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554399/

  The treatment of patients with illness anxiety disorder primarily is focused on helping patients cope with their health anxieties. Primary care providers should aim to establish a rapport and therapeutic alliance with their patients so that patients feel comfortable in discussing their health concerns. The concerns and fears of patients should be acknowledged. Statements such as „it’s all in your head” should be avoided. If required, the patient may be referred to other healthcare specialists if necessary. Once a serious medical condition has been ruled out, and a diagnosis of IAD has been established, the overutilization of the medical system, unnecessary imaging studies, specialist referrals, and laboratory investigations should be avoided. These patients should ideally be referred to a specialist health care professional or a psychiatrist. The primary care physician should make this referral in a tactful and non-judgemental way so that the patients do not feel invalidated or abandoned. Patients should be scheduled for regular follow-ups with their primary care physician along with the psychiatrist. Frequent follow-ups will reduce visits to the emergency department or other physicians. It will also allow the physician to assess new complaints and associated triggers and stresses critically.

• #38 Illness Anxiety Disorder: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-overview

  Educational approaches provide accurate information, allowing the patient to realize somatic symptoms are exceedingly common, with only a small proportion caused by actual disease and most symptoms being compatible with physical health. […] For more persistent and chronic hypochondriasis, especially in situations where the patient has already failed treatment with multiple providers, education needs be delivered in small doses, when the time is right, and after the establishment of a firm patient-provider relationship. […] Family or couples therapy should be considered in patients where family and marital discord is a major source of conflict that may be contributing to psychological distress.

• #39 Illness Anxiety Disorder: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-overview

  Educational approaches provide accurate information, allowing the patient to realize somatic symptoms are exceedingly common, with only a small proportion caused by actual disease and most symptoms being compatible with physical health. […] For more persistent and chronic hypochondriasis, especially in situations where the patient has already failed treatment with multiple providers, education needs be delivered in small doses, when the time is right, and after the establishment of a firm patient-provider relationship. […] Family or couples therapy should be considered in patients where family and marital discord is a major source of conflict that may be contributing to psychological distress.

• #40 Illness Anxiety Disorder: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-overview

  Educational approaches provide accurate information, allowing the patient to realize somatic symptoms are exceedingly common, with only a small proportion caused by actual disease and most symptoms being compatible with physical health. […] For more persistent and chronic hypochondriasis, especially in situations where the patient has already failed treatment with multiple providers, education needs be delivered in small doses, when the time is right, and after the establishment of a firm patient-provider relationship. […] Family or couples therapy should be considered in patients where family and marital discord is a major source of conflict that may be contributing to psychological distress.

• #41 Illness Anxiety Disorder: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-overview

  Educational approaches provide accurate information, allowing the patient to realize somatic symptoms are exceedingly common, with only a small proportion caused by actual disease and most symptoms being compatible with physical health. […] For more persistent and chronic hypochondriasis, especially in situations where the patient has already failed treatment with multiple providers, education needs be delivered in small doses, when the time is right, and after the establishment of a firm patient-provider relationship. […] Family or couples therapy should be considered in patients where family and marital discord is a major source of conflict that may be contributing to psychological distress.

• #42 Illness Anxiety Disorder Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-treatment

  As with the other somatoform disorders, inpatient psychiatric hospitalization for the somatoform disorder itself is rarely necessary. […] If the patient experiences suicidal ideation or makes a suicide act based on comorbid depression or personality disorder or develops uncontrollable anxiety, then an inpatient psychiatric hospitalization may be indicated. […] The hypochondriacal patterns of behavior can be addressed in ward therapy interventions. […] Patients with illness anxiety disorder should be admitted to general medicine and surgery services based on the actual medical and surgical acuity, and not solely to facilitate costly and unnecessary workup. […] When illness anxiety disorder is suspected in a medical or surgical inpatient, a psychosomatic medicine consultation should be performed to elucidate the diagnosis and address psychiatric comorbidity.

• #43 Illness Anxiety Disorder Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-treatment

  As with the other somatoform disorders, inpatient psychiatric hospitalization for the somatoform disorder itself is rarely necessary. […] If the patient experiences suicidal ideation or makes a suicide act based on comorbid depression or personality disorder or develops uncontrollable anxiety, then an inpatient psychiatric hospitalization may be indicated. […] The hypochondriacal patterns of behavior can be addressed in ward therapy interventions. […] Patients with illness anxiety disorder should be admitted to general medicine and surgery services based on the actual medical and surgical acuity, and not solely to facilitate costly and unnecessary workup. […] When illness anxiety disorder is suspected in a medical or surgical inpatient, a psychosomatic medicine consultation should be performed to elucidate the diagnosis and address psychiatric comorbidity.

• #44 Illness Anxiety Disorder Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-treatment

  As with the other somatoform disorders, inpatient psychiatric hospitalization for the somatoform disorder itself is rarely necessary. […] If the patient experiences suicidal ideation or makes a suicide act based on comorbid depression or personality disorder or develops uncontrollable anxiety, then an inpatient psychiatric hospitalization may be indicated. […] The hypochondriacal patterns of behavior can be addressed in ward therapy interventions. […] Patients with illness anxiety disorder should be admitted to general medicine and surgery services based on the actual medical and surgical acuity, and not solely to facilitate costly and unnecessary workup. […] When illness anxiety disorder is suspected in a medical or surgical inpatient, a psychosomatic medicine consultation should be performed to elucidate the diagnosis and address psychiatric comorbidity.

• #45 Illness Anxiety Disorder Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-treatment

  As with the other somatoform disorders, inpatient psychiatric hospitalization for the somatoform disorder itself is rarely necessary. […] If the patient experiences suicidal ideation or makes a suicide act based on comorbid depression or personality disorder or develops uncontrollable anxiety, then an inpatient psychiatric hospitalization may be indicated. […] The hypochondriacal patterns of behavior can be addressed in ward therapy interventions. […] Patients with illness anxiety disorder should be admitted to general medicine and surgery services based on the actual medical and surgical acuity, and not solely to facilitate costly and unnecessary workup. […] When illness anxiety disorder is suspected in a medical or surgical inpatient, a psychosomatic medicine consultation should be performed to elucidate the diagnosis and address psychiatric comorbidity.

• #46 Anxiety Disorders | CAMH

  https://www.camh.ca/en/health-info/mental-illness-and-addiction-index/anxiety-disorders

  Many psychological treatments, such as relaxation training, meditation, biofeedback and stress management, can help with anxiety disorders. […] However, experts agree that the most effective form of treatment for anxiety disorders is cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT). Medications have also been proven effective, and many people receive CBT and medication in combination.

• #47

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/anxiety-disorders

  There are several effective treatments for anxiety disorders. People with symptoms of anxiety should seek care. […] Psychological interventions are essential treatments for anxiety disorders and refer primarily to talk therapy with professionals or supervised lay therapists. These interventions can help people learn new ways of thinking, coping or relating to their anxiety, to others or to the world. […] The psychological interventions with the most evidence for treating a range of anxiety disorders are those based on principles of cognitive-behavioural therapy. These include exposure therapy, during which people learn to face their fears. […] In addition, learning stress management skills, such as relaxation skills and mindfulness skills, can help reduce symptoms of anxiety disorders.

• #48 What Is Illness Anxiety Disorder? | Henry Ford Health – Detroit, MI

  https://www.henryford.com/blog/2024/05/what-is-illness-anxiety-disorder

  Lifestyle interventions: Stress management can be a helpful addition to your care plan. Therapeutic breathing, exercise, meditation and yoga are a few ways to reduce stress and feel better, says Dr. Tobin. Preserving time for sleep and a balanced diet also improve well-being and quality of life. […] Anxiety about your health is a powerful feeling. You may feel like it will never get better, but with proper care, it can. Dr. Tobin emphasizes that treatment can be life-changing for people with IAD. […] Your mental health is an important part of your overall health, and you don’t have to struggle through illness anxiety disorder alone, says Dr. Tobin. Mental health professionals have proven, evidence-based treatments that can make a world of difference. And it all starts with asking your primary care provider for help.

• #49 Illness Anxiety Disorder Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-treatment

  Acceptance and commitment group therapy (ACT-G) has also been demonstrated to show effectiveness for treating severe health anxiety in a randomized controlled trial of 126 patients. […] In clinical settings, both the availability of CBT and treatment adherence of patients with illness anxiety disorder to psychotherapy in general are major barriers to successful outcomes. […] Psychosurgery is only recommended for patients with severe and intractable illness anxiety disorder. […] Primary care physicians generally treat illness anxiety disorder, with psychiatrists providing consultation. […] Patients with illness anxiety disorder should eat 3 meals per day to feel as healthy as possible. […] Exercise increases psychological wellbeing.

• #50 Therapy for Anxiety Disorders – HelpGuide.org

  https://www.helpguide.org/mental-health/treatment/therapy-for-anxiety-disorders

  As you explore your anxiety disorder in therapy, you may also want to experiment with complementary therapies designed to bring your overall stress levels down and help you achieve emotional balance. […] There is no quick fix for anxiety. Overcoming an anxiety disorder takes time and commitment. Therapy involves facing your fears rather than avoiding them, so sometimes youll feel worse before you get better. […] Education alone wont cure an anxiety disorder, but it will help you get the most out of therapy. […] Loneliness and isolation set the stage for anxiety. Decrease your vulnerability by reaching out to others. […] Physical activity relieves tension and anxiety, so make time for regular exercise. […] Examine your life for stress, and look for ways to minimize it.

• #51 Illness Anxiety Disorder Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-treatment

  Acceptance and commitment group therapy (ACT-G) has also been demonstrated to show effectiveness for treating severe health anxiety in a randomized controlled trial of 126 patients. […] In clinical settings, both the availability of CBT and treatment adherence of patients with illness anxiety disorder to psychotherapy in general are major barriers to successful outcomes. […] Psychosurgery is only recommended for patients with severe and intractable illness anxiety disorder. […] Primary care physicians generally treat illness anxiety disorder, with psychiatrists providing consultation. […] Patients with illness anxiety disorder should eat 3 meals per day to feel as healthy as possible. […] Exercise increases psychological wellbeing.

• #52 Illness Anxiety Disorder Treatment – Evolutionsbh

  https://www.evolutionsbh.com/illness-anxiety-disorder-treatment/

  Illness anxiety disorder, formerly known as hypochondria, refers to a preoccupation with one’s health and concern over having a medical disease. […] Fortunately, psychological counseling has been shown to effectively treat illness anxiety. Dr. Mazzei is an anxiety specialist and has helped many people overcome illness anxiety disorder. She uses Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), one of the most effective therapies to address illness anxiety. […] CBT encompasses techniques designed specifically for health anxiety, including in vivo and imaginal exposure. […] Many people struggle with insomnia due to chronic worry from illness anxiety. Dr. Mazzei uses CBT-I to improve your sleep quality. […] Hypnosis involves entering a trance-like state to induce positive emotional and behavioral change. Hypnotherapy has been successfully utilized to reduce health anxiety.

• #53 Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Treatment, Medications, Therapies

  https://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/understanding-anxiety-treatment

  Biofeedback is a mind-body technique that helps you become aware of these changes and how you can try to return them to a normal state. You’ll work with a therapist, as well as a biofeedback machine that gives you information about your body in real time. […] There’s no cure for anxiety, but different drugs can ease symptoms of GAD. Known as anxiolytics, they’re some of the most common medications in the world. […] The type your doctor prescribes will depend on the type of anxiety, symptoms, and any other health issues you have. Some anxiety drugs can be habit-forming and are usually prescribed only on a short-term or as-needed basis. Others are proven safe to be taken every day, and your doctor may suggest that you take them for a long period. […] These drugs, which include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are widely used to treat and prevent various anxiety disorders.

• #54 Psychiatry.org – What are Anxiety Disorders?

  https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/anxiety-disorders/what-are-anxiety-disorders

  Anxiety disorders are treatable with a number of psychotherapeutic treatments. Treatment helps most people lead normal productive lives. […] Although each anxiety disorder has unique characteristics, most respond well to two types of treatment: psychotherapy or „talk therapy,” and medications. These treatments can be given alone or in combination. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), a type of talk therapy, can help a person learn a different way of thinking, reacting and behaving to help feel less anxious. Medications will not cure anxiety disorders, but can provide significant relief from symptoms. The most commonly used medications are anti-anxiety medications (generally prescribed only for a short period of time) and antidepressants. […] There are a number of things people do to help cope with symptoms of anxiety disorders and make treatment more effective. Stress management techniques and meditation can be helpful. Support groups (in-person or online) can provide an opportunity to share experiences and coping strategies. Learning more about the specifics of a disorder and helping family and friends to understand the condition better can also be helpful. Avoid caffeine, which can worsen symptoms, and check with your doctor about any medications.

• #55 Understanding Hypochondria: Recognizing Health Anxiety and Managing Your Concerns — Baltimore Therapy Group – Accepting New Patients

  https://www.therapistsinbaltimore.com/therapy-insights-blog/2024/12/8/understanding-hypochondria-recognizing-health-anxiety-and-managing-your-concerns

  Effective treatment for health anxiety encompasses a range of options, from psychotherapy approaches to medicine and the utilization of self-help resources and support groups. […] The collective wisdom and empathy found within these groups can empower individuals to navigate their anxiety more effectively, fostering a sense of community and shared progress toward better mental health.

• #56 Health Anxiety

  https://www.cci.health.wa.gov.au/resources/looking-after-yourself/health-anxiety

  Overcoming Health Anxiety: This information package is designed to provide you with some information about health anxiety, including how it develops, how it is maintained, and how to decrease your health worries and concerns. It is organised into modules that are designed to be worked through in sequence. We recommend that you complete one module before going on to the next. Each module includes information, worksheets, and suggested exercises or activities. […] This module explores some attention training exercises aimed at reducing the amount of time you spend focussed on health symptoms and worries. […] This module explores how your thoughts can influence your feelings, physiological state, and behaviours. This module then discusses ways to evaluate and overcome unhelpful health related thinking.

• #57 Health Anxiety

  https://www.cci.health.wa.gov.au/resources/looking-after-yourself/health-anxiety

  This module explores the different ways people check and seek reassurance regarding their health concerns, discusses the difference between helpful and unhelpful checking and reassurance seeking, and introduces strategies to reduce or eliminate these behaviours. […] This module explores how avoidance and safety behaviours can keep health anxiety going, and introduces a strategy to gradually reduce and overcome these behaviours. […] In this module we will focus on challenging the unhelpful rules and assumptions that can keep you caught in the vicious cycle of health anxiety. […] This final module brings all the concepts of this information package together, presents a new model for healthy living, and includes a self-management plan to help you to stay on track in the future.

• #58 Health Anxiety (Hypochondria): Symptoms and Treatments

  https://www.healthline.com/health/health-anxiety

  If your health anxiety is improving with psychotherapy alone, that is generally all that will be used to treat your condition. Some people dont respond to psychotherapy, however. If this applies to you, your doctor may recommend medications. […] Antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are frequently used for this condition. If you have a mood or anxiety disorder in addition to your anxiety, medications used to treat those conditions may also help. […] Health anxiety is a long-term medical condition that can vary in severity over time. In many people, it seems to worsen with age or during times of stress. However, if you seek help and stick to your treatment plan, its possible to reduce your health anxiety symptoms so you can improve your daily functioning and decrease your worries.

• #59 Health Anxiety (Hypochondria): Symptoms and Treatments

  https://www.healthline.com/health/health-anxiety

  If your health anxiety is improving with psychotherapy alone, that is generally all that will be used to treat your condition. Some people dont respond to psychotherapy, however. If this applies to you, your doctor may recommend medications. […] Antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are frequently used for this condition. If you have a mood or anxiety disorder in addition to your anxiety, medications used to treat those conditions may also help. […] Health anxiety is a long-term medical condition that can vary in severity over time. In many people, it seems to worsen with age or during times of stress. However, if you seek help and stick to your treatment plan, its possible to reduce your health anxiety symptoms so you can improve your daily functioning and decrease your worries.

• #60 Health Anxiety (Hypochondria): Symptoms and Treatments

  https://www.healthline.com/health/health-anxiety

  If your health anxiety is improving with psychotherapy alone, that is generally all that will be used to treat your condition. Some people dont respond to psychotherapy, however. If this applies to you, your doctor may recommend medications. […] Antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are frequently used for this condition. If you have a mood or anxiety disorder in addition to your anxiety, medications used to treat those conditions may also help. […] Health anxiety is a long-term medical condition that can vary in severity over time. In many people, it seems to worsen with age or during times of stress. However, if you seek help and stick to your treatment plan, its possible to reduce your health anxiety symptoms so you can improve your daily functioning and decrease your worries.

• #61 Illness Anxiety Disorder: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-overview

  Randomized controlled trials now suggest that cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is efficacious in the treatment of illness anxiety disorder and preferred by patients over medications. […] Cognitive and exposure therapy also seems to be promising for illness anxiety disorder. […] Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy also appears to be effective when added to usual care. […] Biopsychosocial treatment is required to manage this complex disorder, and further research is required to better understand its pathophysiology and interface with other psychiatric conditions. […] A systematic review of six studies on hypochondriasis indicated that 30%-50% of patients achieve recovery. […] A good prognosis appears to be associated with high socioeconomic status, treatment-responsive anxiety or depression, the absence of a personality disorder, and the absence of a related nonpsychiatric medical condition.

• #62 Illness Anxiety Disorder: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-overview

  Randomized controlled trials now suggest that cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is efficacious in the treatment of illness anxiety disorder and preferred by patients over medications. […] Cognitive and exposure therapy also seems to be promising for illness anxiety disorder. […] Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy also appears to be effective when added to usual care. […] Biopsychosocial treatment is required to manage this complex disorder, and further research is required to better understand its pathophysiology and interface with other psychiatric conditions. […] A systematic review of six studies on hypochondriasis indicated that 30%-50% of patients achieve recovery. […] A good prognosis appears to be associated with high socioeconomic status, treatment-responsive anxiety or depression, the absence of a personality disorder, and the absence of a related nonpsychiatric medical condition.

• #63 Illness Anxiety Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554399/

  Psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for IAD. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy that focuses on treating the patient’s dysfunctional maladaptive cognitive beliefs by behavioral modification strategies. It may address the patient’s habits of excessive body checking for signs of illness. CBT also includes education about normal somatic sensations and their normal variations. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, group therapies, and acceptance and commitment therapy may also be instituted. […] Pharmacological drugs are the second-line treatment for IAD. Antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are proven to be effective in this condition. Patients who respond to antidepressant therapy are recommended to receive maintenance treatment for at least 6 to 12 months. Most patients require a combination of psychotherapy and pharmacological agents.

• #64 Illness Anxiety Disorder – Baptist Health

  https://www.baptisthealth.com/care-services/conditions-treatments/illness-anxiety-disorder

  Antidepressants. SSRIs (serotonin reuptake inhibitors) have been shown to help reduce anxiety symptoms in some people. […] The effectiveness or success of treatment may depend on the severity of the illness and whether there are any other co-occurring mental health disorders. The patients consistency and compliance with treatment may also be a factor in improving symptoms. […] Illness anxiety disorder is a chronic condition, and while many patients may experience a significant reduction in symptoms with appropriate treatment, it is not uncommon to have occasional flare ups over time. It is important to reach out to your healthcare and mental healthcare providers if symptoms of illness anxiety disorder return.

• #65 Illness Anxiety Disorder: A Review of the Current Research and Future Directions

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11211185/

  We review recent evidence on Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD), including risk factors and precipitants, diagnostic classification, clinical characteristics of the disorder, and assessment and treatment in both children and adults. […] Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for IAD and there are multiple validated measures of health anxiety available. […] IAD is chronic, and debilitating, but when identified, it can be effectively treated with CBT. […] The most widely supported evidence based psychological treatment for health anxiety and IAD is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). CBT typically consists of strategies including psychoeducation; cognitive restructuring of catastrophic beliefs about health and bodily symptoms; behavioural strategies to reduce hypervigilance to body sensations and compulsive coping behaviours such as body checking, reassurance-seeking, and avoidance; and relapse prevention. Evidence from meta-analyses shows that CBT is a highly efficacious and cost-effective treatment for health anxiety, with a moderate to large pooled effect size on health anxiety compared to non-CBT controls, with improvements largely maintained over 12-18 months.

• #66

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11920-024-01507-2

  We review recent evidence on Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD), including risk factors and precipitants, diagnostic classification, clinical characteristics of the disorder, and assessment and treatment in both children and adults. […] Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for IAD and there are multiple validated measures of health anxiety available. […] IAD is chronic, and debilitating, but when identified, it can be effectively treated with CBT. […] The most widely supported evidence based psychological treatment for health anxiety and IAD is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). CBT typically consists of strategies including psychoeducation; cognitive restructuring of catastrophic beliefs about health and bodily symptoms; behavioural strategies to reduce hypervigilance to body sensations and compulsive coping behaviours such as body checking, reassurance-seeking, and avoidance; and relapse prevention. Evidence from meta-analyses shows that CBT is a highly efficacious and cost-effective treatment for health anxiety, with a moderate to large pooled effect size on health anxiety compared to non-CBT controls, with improvements largely maintained over 12-18 months.

• #67 Illness Anxiety Disorder: A Review of the Current Research and Future Directions

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11211185/

  We review recent evidence on Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD), including risk factors and precipitants, diagnostic classification, clinical characteristics of the disorder, and assessment and treatment in both children and adults. […] Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for IAD and there are multiple validated measures of health anxiety available. […] IAD is chronic, and debilitating, but when identified, it can be effectively treated with CBT. […] The most widely supported evidence based psychological treatment for health anxiety and IAD is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). CBT typically consists of strategies including psychoeducation; cognitive restructuring of catastrophic beliefs about health and bodily symptoms; behavioural strategies to reduce hypervigilance to body sensations and compulsive coping behaviours such as body checking, reassurance-seeking, and avoidance; and relapse prevention. Evidence from meta-analyses shows that CBT is a highly efficacious and cost-effective treatment for health anxiety, with a moderate to large pooled effect size on health anxiety compared to non-CBT controls, with improvements largely maintained over 12-18 months.

• #68 Illness Anxiety Disorder – Psychiatric Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/somatic-symptom-and-related-disorders/illness-anxiety-disorder

  Illness anxiety disorder is preoccupation with and fear of having or acquiring a serious disorder. […] Treatment includes establishing a consistent, supportive physician-patient relationship; cognitive-behavioral therapy and serotonin reuptake inhibitors may help. […] Patients can benefit from having a trustful relationship with a caring, reassuring clinician. If symptoms are not adequately relieved, patients may benefit from a psychiatric referral while they continue under the care of the primary clinician. […] Treatment with serotonin reuptake inhibitors may be helpful, as may cognitive-behavioral therapy.

• #69 Illness anxiety disorder: Treatment and prognosis – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/illness-anxiety-disorder-treatment-and-prognosis

  Illness anxiety disorder: Treatment and prognosis […] Medical and psychiatric care of illness anxiety disorder combines general strategies for patient management with specific therapeutic interventions. However, some patients do not respond and have a poor prognosis. […] This topic reviews the treatment and prognosis of illness anxiety disorder. […] Illness anxiety disorder is a diagnosis (table 1) that was introduced in 2013. […] Illness anxiety disorder was derived in part from the diagnosis of hypochondriasis, which does not exist in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-5-TR). […] Among patients previously diagnosed with hypochondriasis, it is estimated that approximately 75 percent are subsumed under the DSM-5-TR diagnosis of somatic symptom disorder and 25 percent under the diagnosis of illness anxiety disorder.

• #70 Illness Anxiety Disorder Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-treatment

  Continue successful long-term trials of medications for patients with illness anxiety disorder. […] For patients with comorbid disorders, consider maintenance of those trials because these disorders can initiate and/or exacerbate hypochondriacal symptoms. […] Basic management principles include the following: Establish a firm therapeutic alliance with the patient. Educate the patient regarding the manifestations of hypochondriasis. Offer consistent reassurance. Optimize the patient’s ability to cope with the symptoms, rather than trying to eliminate the symptoms themselves. Avoid performing high-risk, low-yield invasive procedures. Close collaboration among all treating providers to prevent investigative duplication. […] The most powerful therapeutic tool is the physician and their team’s attention, concern, interest, careful listening, and nonjudgmental stance, which can potentially break a pathological cycle of maladaptive interactions between the patient and movement from physician to physician.

• #71 Illness anxiety disorder – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/illness-anxiety-disorder/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20373787

  The goal of treatment is to help you manage anxiety about your health and improve your ability to function in daily life. Psychotherapy also called talk therapy can be helpful for illness anxiety disorder. Sometimes medications may be added. […] Because physical sensations can be related to emotional distress and health anxiety, psychotherapy particularly cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can be an effective treatment. CBT helps you learn skills to manage illness anxiety disorder and find different ways to manage your worries other than excessive medical testing or avoidance of medical care. […] Antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), may help treat illness anxiety disorder. Medications to treat mood or anxiety disorders, if present, also may help. […] Other therapies such as behavioral stress management and exposure therapy also may be helpful.

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