Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Illness Anxiety Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554399/

  Illness anxiety disorder (previously called hypochondriasis) is a psychiatric disorder defined by excessive worry about having or developing a serious undiagnosed medical condition. People with illness anxiety disorder experience persistent anxiety or fear of developing or having a serious medical illness despite normal physical examination and laboratory testing results. […] Outline the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for the diagnosis of illness anxiety disorder. […] Illness anxiety disorder is a diagnosis of exclusion. A comprehensive medical examination and appropriate testing according to the patient’s symptoms should be conducted to exclude organic diseases before diagnosing a patient with IAD. DSM-5 has also elaborated diagnostic criteria to help in the diagnosis of IAD. […] The DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria for Illness Anxiety Disorder: A. Excessive worry about having or developing a debilitating or life-threatening illness. B. Somatic symptoms are absent. If somatic symptoms are present, they are only mildly distressing to the patient. If a medical condition is present or a high-risk for developing a medical condition is present (due to family history), the anxiety regarding the medical condition (or potential impending medical condition) is excessive. C. Excessive concern and anxiety regarding health-related issues. D. The individual exhibits disproportionate and redundant health-related behaviors, such as repeatedly checking his or her body for indications of disease. E. Symptoms have been present for at least 6 months. F. The illness-related preoccupation is not better explained by another psychiatric condition.

• #2 Illness Anxiety Disorder (Hypochondria): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9886-illness-anxiety-disorder-hypochondria-hypochondriasis

  Illness anxiety disorder is a chronic mental illness sometimes known as hypochondria. People with this disorder have a persistent fear that they have a serious or life-threatening illness despite few or no symptoms. […] To diagnose illness anxiety disorder, healthcare providers refer to the criteria listed in the American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Health Disorders, 5th edition (often known simply as the DSM-5). Your provider may make a diagnosis or they may refer you to a behavioral health specialist, like a psychologist or psychiatrist. The six criteria for illness anxiety disorder include: […] A persistent fear about having a serious illness or developing one is the top symptoms of illness anxiety disorder. Your provider may diagnose illness anxiety disorder if you have health anxiety (or other illness anxiety disorder symptoms) for six months or longer even after tests show that you’re not sick.

• #3 Illness Anxiety Disorder Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-clinical

  Hypochondriasis was removed as a diagnosis from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) in 2013. […] The core feature of illness anxiety disorder is a preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious, undiagnosed medical illness. […] The DSM-5-TR criteria for illness anxiety disorder are as follows: The individual is preoccupied with having or acquiring a serious illness. […] Somatic symptoms are not present or, if present, are only mild in intensity. […] The individual has a high level of anxiety about health, and is easily alarmed about personal health status. […] The absence of physical findings, particularly after serial examinations, supports the diagnosis of illness anxiety disorder. […] A mental status examination complements the physical examination. […] The health preoccupation diagnostic interview has been determined to have sufficient inter-rater reliability for somatic symptoms disorder and illness anxiety disorder (kappa of 0.85; n=104).

• #4 Illness Anxiety Disorder – Psychiatric Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/somatic-symptom-and-related-disorders/illness-anxiety-disorder

  Illness anxiety disorder is preoccupation with and fear of having or acquiring a serious disorder. Diagnosis is confirmed when fears and symptoms (if any) persist for 6 months despite reassurance after a thorough medical evaluation. […] The diagnosis of illness anxiety disorder is based on criteria from the DSM-5-TR, including the following: The patient is preoccupied with having or acquiring a serious illness. The patient has no or minimal somatic symptoms. The patient is highly anxious about health and easily alarmed about personal health issues. The patient repeatedly checks health status or maladaptively avoids doctor appointments and hospitals. The patient has been preoccupied with illness for 6 months, although the specific illness feared may change during that time period. Symptoms are not better accounted for by depression or another psychiatric disorder. […] Patients who have significant somatic symptoms and are primarily concerned about the symptoms themselves are diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder.

• #5 Table 3.32, DSM-IV to DSM-5 Illness Anxiety Disorder Comparison – Impact of the DSM-IV to DSM-5 Changes on the National Survey on Drug Use and Health – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519704/table/ch3.t32/

  A. Preoccupation with fears of having, or the idea that one has, a serious disease based on the persons misinterpretation of bodily symptoms. […] A. Preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness. […] B. The preoccupation persists despite appropriate medical evaluation and reassurance. […] B. Somatic symptoms are not present or, if present, are only mild in intensity. If another medical condition is present or there is a high risk for developing a medical condition (e.g., strong family history is present), the preoccupation is clearly excessive or disproportionate. […] C. The belief in Criterion A is not of delusional intensity (as in delusional disorder, somatic type) and is not restricted to a circumscribed concern about appearance (as in body dysmorphic disorder). […] C. There is a high level of anxiety about health, and the individual is easily alarmed about personal health status.

• #6 Illness Anxiety Disorder – PsychDB

  https://www.psychdb.com/somatic/dsm-5/illness-anxiety

  Illness anxiety disorder is a mental disorder characterized by a preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious, undiagnosed medical illness. Somatic symptoms are either not present or mild in intensity. […] The diagnosis should be made with caution in individuals whose ideas about disease are congruent with widely held, culturally sanctioned beliefs. […] About 25% of individuals with the old DSM-IV diagnosis of hypochondriasis are now diagnosed with illness anxiety disorder. This applies when they do not have prominent somatic symptoms. […] Preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness. […] Somatic symptoms are not present or, if present, are only mild in intensity. If another medical condition is present or there is a high risk for developing a medical condition (e.g. – strong family history is present), the preoccupation is clearly excessive or disproportionate.

• #7 Table 3.32, DSM-IV to DSM-5 Illness Anxiety Disorder Comparison – Impact of the DSM-IV to DSM-5 Changes on the National Survey on Drug Use and Health – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519704/table/ch3.t32/

  D. The preoccupation causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. […] D. The individual performs excessive health-related behaviors (e.g., repeatedly checks his or her body for signs of illness) or exhibits maladaptive avoidance (e.g., avoids doctor appointments and hospitals). […] E. The duration of the disturbance is at least 6 months. […] E. Illness preoccupation has been present for at least 6 months, but the specific illness that is feared may change over that period of time. […] F. The preoccupation is not better accounted for by generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, a major depressive episode, separation anxiety, or another somatoform disorder. […] F. The illness-related preoccupation is not better explained by another mental disorder, such as somatic symptom disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or delusional disorder, somatic type.

• #8 Illness Anxiety Disorder – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554399/

  A structured, interviewer-administered assessment titled „The Health Preoccupation Diagnostic Interview” is available, which aids in the diagnosis of IAD. This tool allows the interviewer to clarify a patient’s responses and assists in the diagnosis of IAD. It also differentiates IAD from somatic symptom disorder and healthy controls. […] As described above, a diagnosis of a general medical condition does not preclude a diagnosis of IAD. A general medical illness and IAD can be comorbid diagnoses. When a medical disorder is present, IAD is considered when health-related anxieties or preoccupations are out of proportion or excessive relative to the general medical disease.

• #9 Illness Anxiety Disorder Differential Diagnoses

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-differential

  Physical disease must be excluded, which involves evaluation for an extensive number of neurological (eg, myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis), endocrinological, and other systemic diseases. Illness anxiety disorder may be diagnosed in someone with a medical illness if the anxiety is out of proportion to the gravity of an illness that is actually present. […] The psychiatric differential diagnosis for illness anxiety disorder includes the following disorders: somatic symptom, adjustment, conversion, body dysmorphic, mood, anxiety, and psychotic, and personality. […] The diagnosis of illness anxiety can be particularly challenging in the geriatric patient population, since elderly patients may experience both medical and psychiatric disorders as part of aging. […] Illness anxiety may also be difficult to distinguish from reality-based organic diseases, psychiatric disorders, or adjustment to psychosocial changes.

• #10

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11920-024-01507-2

  However, having two separate diagnoses is not clinically useful, as research has found there are few differences in how individuals with health anxiety experience the disorders. […] The DSM-5 categorizes IAD into two subtypes: care-seeking for individuals that frequently seek medical care, and care-avoidant for individuals that frequently avoid medical care. […] There has been a long-standing debate about whether health anxiety would be better classified under Anxiety Disorders than under its current classification Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders due to its shared features and high comorbidity with anxiety disorders. […] To determine whether IAD should be better classified as an anxiety disorder, future research should investigate whether IAD symptom profiles, course, treatment response and comorbidities more closely align with anxiety disorders compared with other somatic symptom disorders.

• #11 Somatic Symptom Disorder and Illness Anxiety Disorder | Abnormal Psychology

  https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-abnormalpsych/chapter/somatic-symptom-disorder-and-illness-anxiety-disorder/

  Illness anxiety disorder (IAD) does not typically involve somatic symptoms, meaning that individuals do not experience any specific physical ailment, but instead, they are preoccupied with concern about developing a severe medical condition. […] The DSM-5 encompasses two types of patients with illness anxiety disorder: care-seeking type and care-avoidant type. […] Since patients with illness anxiety disorder (IAD) emanate their distress and anxiety not primarily from the physical complaint itself but rather from their anxiety about the meaning, significance, and cause of the complaint, they remain unsatisfied with the reassurance of the physicians. […] Illness anxiety disorder (IAD) can cause a huge burden on the resources of health care facilities and on health care providers. […] A disorder in which a person does not typically have physical symptoms, rather they are preoccupied with a fear of developing a severe medical condition. The two categories of patients in this group are the care-seeking type and care-avoidant type.

• #12 How to recognize illness anxiety disorder | BetterHelp

  https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/anxiety/how-to-recognize-illness-anxiety-disorder/

  There are two potential specifiers that can be used: care-seeking type and care-avoidant type. […] If your primary doctor or psychiatrist diagnoses you with illness anxiety disorder, you might consider seeking professional treatment to enhance your quality of life. […] The primary methods of treatment used to manage illness anxiety disorder symptoms are therapy and medication. […] According to the most recent edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), illness anxiety disorder is classified as a mental illness in the category of Somatic Symptom and Related Disorder. […] Diagnosis criteria in the statistical manual include the existence of illness preoccupation for six months or more, excessive health-checking behaviors, and related avoidance behaviors. […] Health-related anxiety of all types is considered to be treatable.

• #13 Illness anxiety disorder – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/illness-anxiety-disorder/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20373787

  To determine a diagnosis, you’ll likely have a physical exam and any tests your primary care provider recommends. Your provider can help determine if you have any medical conditions that require treatment and set limits on lab testing, imaging and referrals to specialists. […] Your primary care provider may also refer you to a mental health professional. […] Conduct a psychological evaluation to talk about your symptoms, stressful situations, family history, fears or concerns, and ways that your anxiety is negatively affecting your life. […] Determine whether your illness preoccupation is better explained by another mental disorder, such as somatic symptom disorder or generalized anxiety disorder. […] Your primary care provider or mental health professional may ask: What are your symptoms, and when did they first occur?

• #14 Diagnosing Anxiety Disorders | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/anxiety-disorders/diagnosis

  NYU Langone specialists offer expert diagnosis of anxiety disorders, which are common mental health conditions that can interfere with daily activities, affecting your performance at work and school as well as your relationships. […] To diagnose an anxiety disorder, a doctor performs a physical exam, asks about your symptoms, and recommends a blood test, which helps the doctor determine if another condition, such as hypothyroidism, may be causing your symptoms. […] If the doctor does not find an underlying cause of the symptoms, he or she performs a psychological evaluation. […] During a psychological evaluation, a specialist asks if you have a family history of an anxiety disorder or depression. He or she asks about your symptomswhen they started, how long they have lasted, how severe they are, whether they have occurred before, and, if so, how they were treated. […] After the specialist assesses your symptoms and family history, he or she conducts a feedback session, during which you and the doctor discuss the diagnosis and most appropriate treatment options.

• #15 Anxiety Disorders: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9536-anxiety-disorders

  If you or your child are experiencing symptoms of an anxiety disorder, see a healthcare provider. Theyll start with a medical evaluation. Theyll do a physical exam and ask about your medical history, any medications youre taking and if any of your family members have been diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. […] A mental health professional, such as a psychologist or psychiatrist, will do an interview or survey, asking questions about your symptoms, sleeping habits and other behaviors. They use criteria in the American Psychiatric Associations DSM-5 to make diagnoses of anxiety disorders. […] Typically, the provider bases a diagnosis on: Your reported symptoms, including how intense they are and how long they last. Discussion of how the symptoms interfere with your daily life. The providers observation of your attitude and behavior.

• #16 Diagnosis and Management of Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder in Adults | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0501/p617.html

  The Severity Measure for Panic DisorderAdult is an assessment scale that can complement the clinical assessment of patients with PD. […] When evaluating a patient for a suspected anxiety disorder, it is important to exclude medical conditions with similar presentations. […] Complicating the diagnosis of GAD and PD is that many conditions in the differential diagnosis are also common comorbidities. […] For patients with GAD or PD, psychiatric referral may be indicated if there is poor response to treatment, atypical presentation, or concern for significant comorbid psychiatric illness.

• #17 Illness Anxiety Disorder – Mental Health Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/mental-health-disorders/somatic-symptom-and-related-disorders/illness-anxiety-disorder

  Illness anxiety disorder is preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious disorder. […] Doctors diagnose illness anxiety disorder if people continue to worry about having or getting a serious disorder after a thorough medical evaluation has ruled out serious disorders. […] The diagnosis of illness anxiety disorder is confirmed when people continue to be anxious about illness for 6 months or more despite having no symptoms or mild symptoms and being reassured that the medical evaluation has ruled out possible disorders or has identified a mild disorder that does not warrant their anxieties.

• #18

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11920-024-01507-2

  Dimensional measures of health anxiety are widely used to determine the presence of severe and pathological health anxiety. […] The most widely supported evidence based psychological treatment for health anxiety and IAD is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). […] Evidence from meta-analyses shows that CBT is a highly efficacious and cost-effective treatment for health anxiety, with a moderate to large pooled effect size on health anxiety compared to non-CBT controls, with improvements largely maintained over 12-18 months. […] Although less research has been conducted on other psychological therapies for health anxiety, some evidence also supports the use of third-wave therapies for health anxiety such as Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). […] Overall, the most significant gap in this field is the limited number of studies utilising the current diagnostic criteria for Illness Anxiety Disorder.

• #19 Illness Anxiety Disorder – PsychDB

  https://www.psychdb.com/somatic/dsm-5/illness-anxiety

  The concern about undiagnosed disease does not respond to appropriate medical reassurance, negative diagnostic tests, or benign course. […] Individuals may research their suspected disease excessively (e.g. – on the Internet) and repeatedly seek reassurance from family, friends, or physicians. […] Health-related anxiety is a normal response to serious illness and is not a mental disorder. […] If the health anxiety is severe enough, an adjustment disorder may be diagnosed. However, only when the health anxiety is of sufficient duration, severity, and distress can illness anxiety disorder be diagnosed. Thus, the diagnosis requires the continuous persistence of disproportionate health-related anxiety for at least 6 months. […] Somatic symptom disorder is diagnosed when significant somatic symptoms are present. In contrast, individuals with illness anxiety disorder can only have mild or minimal somatic symptoms and are primarily concerned with the idea they are ill.

• #20 Health Anxiety (Hypochondria): Symptoms and Treatments

  https://www.healthline.com/health/health-anxiety

  Health anxiety is an obsessive and irrational worry about having a serious medical condition. Its also called illness anxiety, and was formerly called hypochondria. […] Health anxiety is marked by constant belief that you have a symptom or symptoms of a severe illness. […] With health anxiety, youll feel extreme distress about your real or imagined symptoms even after medical test results come back negative and doctors reassure you that youre healthy. […] Health anxiety is no longer included in the American Psychological Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. It was previously called hypochondriasis (better known as hypochondria). […] Now, people who had been diagnosed with hypochondria might instead be classified as having: illness anxiety disorder, if the person has no physical symptoms or only mild symptoms.

• #21 Diagnosis and Management of Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder in Adults | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0501/p617.html

  Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD) are among the most common mental disorders in the United States and are often encountered by primary care physicians. […] This article reviews the diagnosis and management of GAD and PD in adults. Diagnosis and care of children and adolescents with these conditions require special considerations that are beyond the scope of this review. […] The anxiety, worry, or physical symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. […] The disturbance is not better explained by another mental disorder (e.g., having a serious illness in illness anxiety disorder). […] A number of scales are available to establish diagnosis and assess severity. The GAD-7 has been validated as a diagnostic tool and a severity assessment scale, with a score of 10 or more having good diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.

• #22 Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder in Adults | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0800/generalized-anxiety-disorder-panic-disorder.html

  GAD is defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. (DSM-5) as excessive worry that occurs on most days for at least six months and causes significant distress or impairment. […] The disturbance is not better explained by another mental disorder (e.g., having a serious illness in illness anxiety disorder). […] Evaluation for GAD should be considered for patients who express anxiety, pervasive worry, or recurrent somatic symptoms not related to an underlying physical condition. […] The GAD-2 and GAD-7 are two-item and seven-item validated screening tools for GAD. […] The Patient Health Questionnaire for PD is the most accurate screening tool for PD in patients expressing sudden episodes of anxiety or fear.

• #23 Illness Anxiety Disorder vs. OCD | NOCD

  https://www.treatmyocd.com/what-is-ocd/info/related-symptoms-conditions/illness-anxiety-disorder-vs-ocd

  Both IAD and OCD involve persistent and intrusive thoughts that cause significant distress or impairment in daily life. […] Both IAD and health concern OCD are characterized by anxiety and fear related to the preoccupation or obsession, causing significant distress or impairment in daily life. […] Both IAD and health concern OCD can cause impairment in daily activities, relationships, and overall well-being. […] With OCD, you’ll see very ritualistic kinds of behaviors. […] In illness anxiety disorder, they might just run to the bathroom and check quickly to see if that spot of concern has got any bigger. […] Despite this main point of difference, however, the best treatment for both disorders happens to be the same. […] Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) therapy is a type of cognitive-behavioral therapy that is highly effective in treating both OCD and Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD). […] ERP aims to help you develop more other ways of coping with your distress that reduce the power of your obsessive fears, rather than reinforcing them and making them stronger over time.

• #24 Illness Anxiety Disorder – PsychDB

  https://www.psychdb.com/somatic/dsm-5/illness-anxiety

  A separate diagnosis of illness anxiety disorder is not made if these concerns occur only during major depressive episodes. However, if excessive illness worry persists after remission of the episode, a diagnosis of illness anxiety disorder should be considered. […] Individuals with illness anxiety disorder are not delusional and can acknowledge the possibility that the feared disease is not present.

• #25 Illness Anxiety Disorder DSM-5 300.7 (F45.21)

  https://www.theravive.com/therapedia/illness-anxiety-disorder-dsm–5-300.7-(f45.21)

  A thorough medical work up, sometimes exhaustive testing, and consultation with specialists will fail to yield any objective evidence of serious medical problems. The basis of the patients distress is anxiety about a misinterpretation of a physical symptom or sign. […] The DSM-5 describes the following rule-outs for the clinician to consider: Other legitimate medical conditions: One can really be sick, and still have IAD. The non-medical provider must have the collaboration of a medical team to rule out legitimate conditions. IAD indicates that the response to an actual illness is out of proportion to the severity of the illness. […] The DSM-5 does not specify Treatment options for IAD ( American Psychiatric Association, 2013). MCBT (Mindful Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, or REBT (Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy) may be useful to learn to respond appropriately to benign or ambiguous signals from ones body (Williams, McManus, Muse, and Williams, 2011). SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors) can be useful to manage IAD, as previously noted, there is an OCD component to the disorder, or it may be a form of OCD (Drug.com., 2014). […] A review of the literature indicated that IAD can endure and persist for life, but it is amenable to treatment.

• #26 Illness Anxiety Disorder – PsychDB

  https://www.psychdb.com/somatic/dsm-5/illness-anxiety

  There is a high level of anxiety about health, and the individual is easily alarmed about personal health status. […] The individual performs excessive health-related behaviours (e.g. – repeatedly checks body for signs of illness) or exhibits maladaptive avoidance (e.g. – avoids doctor appointments and hospitals). […] Illness preoccupation has been present for at least 6 months, but the specific illness that is feared may change over that period of time. […] The illness-related preoccupation is not better explained by another mental disorder, such as somatic symptom disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or delusional disorder, somatic type. […] In illness anxiety disorder, a thorough evaluation fails to identify a serious medical condition that accounts for the individual’s concerns.

• #27 Illness anxiety disorder: Epidemiology, clinical presentation, assessment, and diagnosis – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/illness-anxiety-disorder-epidemiology-clinical-presentation-assessment-and-diagnosis

  This topic reviews the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, assessment, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of illness anxiety disorder. […] Illness anxiety disorder is a diagnosis that was introduced in 2013. The clinical features and diagnostic criteria are discussed elsewhere in this topic. […] Illness anxiety disorder was derived in part from the diagnosis of hypochondriasis, which does not exist in DSM-5-TR. According to DSM-5-TR, patients previously diagnosed with hypochondriasis are nearly always diagnosed with either somatic symptom disorder (if physical complaints are prominent) or illness anxiety disorder (if physical complaints are minimal or nonexistent). […] Among patients previously diagnosed with hypochondriasis, it is estimated that approximately 75 percent are subsumed under the DSM-5-TR diagnosis of somatic symptom disorder and 25 percent under the DSM-5-TR diagnosis of illness anxiety disorder. Support for these estimates include a retrospective study of patients who initially received a diagnosis of hypochondriasis; post-hoc application of the criteria used in DSM-5-TR found that 76 percent met criteria for somatic symptom disorder and 24 percent met criteria for illness anxiety disorder.

• #28 Illness anxiety disorder: Epidemiology, clinical presentation, assessment, and diagnosis – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/illness-anxiety-disorder-epidemiology-clinical-presentation-assessment-and-diagnosis/print

  Illness anxiety disorder is a diagnosis that was introduced in 2013. The clinical features and diagnostic criteria are discussed elsewhere in this topic. […] Illness anxiety disorder was derived in part from the diagnosis of hypochondriasis, which does not exist in DSM-5-TR. According to DSM-5-TR, patients previously diagnosed with hypochondriasis are nearly always diagnosed with either somatic symptom disorder (if physical complaints are prominent) or illness anxiety disorder (if physical complaints are minimal or nonexistent). […] Among patients previously diagnosed with hypochondriasis, it is estimated that approximately 75 percent are subsumed under the DSM-5-TR diagnosis of somatic symptom disorder and 25 percent under the DSM-5-TR diagnosis of illness anxiety disorder. Support for these estimates include a retrospective study of patients who initially received a diagnosis of hypochondriasis; post-hoc application of the criteria used in DSM-5-TR found that 76 percent met criteria for somatic symptom disorder and 24 percent met criteria for illness anxiety disorder.

• #29 Illness Anxiety Disorder Differential Diagnoses

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/290955-differential

  The task of the primary care physician here involves the development of a caring and professional relationship with the patient and setting realistic expectations. […] The physician must not lose sight of more important health care maintenance examinations, annual screening studies, and lifestyle modifications. […] Illness anxiety is associated with chronic pain. […] In some patients, illness anxiety may develop after development of the disorder causing the pain.

• #30 What Is Illness Anxiety Disorder? | Henry Ford Health – Detroit, MI

  https://www.henryford.com/blog/2024/05/what-is-illness-anxiety-disorder

  Illness anxiety disorder, also called health anxiety disorder, is a mental health condition that causes almost constant worry about having or getting a serious illness. […] Primary care providers play an important role in diagnosing illness anxiety disorder, says Dr. Tobin. They may notice that the person calls frequently with health concerns or requests for medical tests. The primary care provider can refer them to a mental health professional, who can diagnose or rule out the condition. […] To diagnose IAD, your primary care provider may perform a physical exam and, if needed, order medical tests. We dont diagnose someone with illness anxiety disorder until weve ruled out other physical and mental health conditions that may explain their symptoms or concerns, explains Dr. Tobin.

• #31 Illness Anxiety Disorder and Somatic Symptom Disorder

  https://mydoctor.kaiserpermanente.org/mas/news/illness-anxiety-disorder-and-somatic-symptom-disorder-2121621

  Perhaps you find yourself researching health conditions all day long. […] These may be symptoms of health anxiety, also known as illness anxiety disorder. Illness anxiety disorder is a mental health condition in which people are extremely worried they have or will develop a serious illness, despite mild if any symptoms. […] Patients with this condition check their body frequently for signs of illness. […] Patients with health anxiety are not faking it. They truly are terrified they have a serious, undiagnosed illness. […] If you or a family member show signs of illness anxiety disorder, the best first step is to talk to a primary care physician. […] Once a physical medical condition is ruled out, the primary care physician may continue to see the patient for regularly scheduled routine appointments, or also could refer the patient to a mental health professional if needed. […] Psychotherapy is a great way to get a handle on illness anxiety disorder. […] Taking steps to establish a relationship with a primary care physician and taking action to treat health anxiety can go a long way toward improving quality of life.

• #32 Anxiety Disorders: Screening and Diagnosis — EACS Guidelines

  https://eacs.sanfordguide.com/eacs-part2/eacs-part2-section7/mental-health-depression-anxiety-disorders/anxiety-disorders-screening-and-diagnosis

  Consider screening all persons with HIV at each routine clinic visit (in view of the high prevalence of anxiety) […] If GAD-2 cut-off score of 3, ask the following questions to diagnose Generalised Anxiety Disorder: excessive anxiety for more days than not over 6 months, difficulty controlling worry, associated with at least three of these symptoms (restlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbances), significant life impairment, not attributable to another substance or medical condition, not being better explained by another medical disorder. […] Seek expert advice to diagnose panic disorders, social phobia and PTSD.

• #33 Day # 118: Illness Anxiety Disorder

  https://www.bulletpsych.com/post/day-118-illness-anxiety-disorder

  Prognosis: chronic but episodic as symptoms may wax and wane periodically. Can result in significant disability. Better prognostic factors include fewer somatic symptoms, shorter duration of illness, absence of childhood physical punishment, early referral for psychiatric evaluation. […] Treatment approach is largely based on studies of patients with hypochondriasis and thus overlaps with treatment of somatic symptom disorder. […] General approach: Team-based approach with primary care and behavioral health. There should be regularly scheduled visits to one primary care physician with a focus on reassurance, acknowledging health fears, education about coping, and limiting unnecessary tests/referrals. The main goal of treatment is to improve patients’ functional status and coping rather than elimination of symptoms. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is first-line treatment and involves cognitive restructuring of dysfunctional beliefs and modification of maladaptive behaviors.

• #34 Illness Anxiety Disorder | Psychology Today

  https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/conditions/illness-anxiety-disorder

  Illness anxiety disorder, also known as hypochondria or hypochondriasis, is a chronic psychiatric condition in which a person without medical symptoms is preoccupied with worry about having or being at risk for getting sick or developing a serious medical illness. […] According to the DSM-V, illness anxiety disorder should be diagnosed when the following symptoms are present for at least six months: Preoccupation with having or possibly getting a serious illness, despite a lack of somatic symptoms. […] In cases when people do seek, or accept, treatment for illness anxiety disorder, psychotropic medications can help treat their underlying anxiety and/or depressive symptoms. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helped patients identify their triggers, reduce their fears, and bolster their coping strategies. […] Illness anxiety disorder is a chronic condition that is generally stable over time but its symptoms have been found to increase, or become triggered, at times of stress or after traumatic events.

• #35 My Psych Board – Syndrome Series: Illness Anxiety Disorder

  https://www.mypsychboard.com/syndrome-series-illness-anxiety-disorder/

  Illness Anxiety Disorder is a fairly new condition that was added to the DSM-V under the section of somatic symptom and related disorders. […] This condition can be care-seeking (where the individual is seeking physician visits, tests, and procedures at an unnecessary rate) or care-avoidant (where the individual avoids physician visits, tests, or procedures in fear of discovering an illness). […] Currently it is expected that two-thirds of individuals with illness anxiety also are likely to have at least one other major mental health issue. […] Treatment options for this condition focus on the ability to manage anxiety symptoms. […] The most common psychotherapy used is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). […] The next option for treatment is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). These medications work well for anxiety disorders as well as depressive disorders, and have shown efficacy in the treatment of illness anxiety.

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