Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Fibrocystic breasts – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fibrocystic-breasts/symptoms-causes/syc-20350438

  Fibrocystic breast changes lead to the development of fluid-filled round or oval sacs, called cysts. […] The exact cause of fibrocystic breast changes isn’t known, but experts suspect that reproductive hormones especially estrogen play a role. […] Fluctuating hormone levels during the menstrual cycle can cause breast discomfort and areas of lumpy breast tissue that feel tender, sore and swollen. Fibrocystic breast changes tend to be more bothersome before your menstrual period and ease up after your period begins.

• #2 Fibrocystic Breasts: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22080-fibrocystic-breasts

  Fibrocystic breast changes are a common, noncancerous condition that causes painful, lumpy breast tissue. […] The hormonal changes that occur just before your period can make you develop fibrocystic breasts, which can cause breast pain and tenderness. […] While experts aren’t entirely sure what causes fibrocystic breasts, they believe it relates to fluctuating levels of hormones especially estrogen during your menstrual cycle. […] Other factors may increase your risk of having fibrocystic breasts, but these factors are still up for debate in the medical community: Drinking alcohol may increase your risk of fibrocystic breast changes, especially in women between 18 and 22 years old. […] Caffeine is also thought to contribute to the severity of fibrocystic breast changes. […] There aren’t any studies that show fibrocystic breast changes increase your risk for cancer or contribute to breast cancer. […] Your risk for breast cancer isn’t any higher if you have fibrocystic breasts.

• #3 Fibrocystic Breast Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

  https://www.healthline.com/health/fibrocystic-breast-disease

  Fibrocystic breast disease can cause the breasts to feel lumpy. […] Fibrocystic breast disease, commonly called fibrocystic breasts or fibrocystic change, is a benign (noncancerous) condition in which the breasts feel lumpy. […] According to the Mayo Clinic, more than half of women will develop fibrocystic breast disease at some point in their lives. […] Although it isnt harmful to have fibrocystic breasts, this condition can make the detection of breast cancer more challenging. […] Your breast tissue changes in response to the hormones made by the ovaries. If you have fibrocystic breasts, you may have more pronounced changes in response to these hormones. This can result in swelling and tender or painful breast lumps. […] Symptoms are most common just before or during your period. You may develop lumps in your breasts caused by cysts and swelling of your breast lobules, the milk-producing glands. You may also feel a lumpy thickening in your breast caused by an excess growth of fibrous tissue.

• #4 Fibrocystic breasts | Health Library | Memorial Health System

  https://www.mhsystem.org/health-library/con-20154797/

  Fibrocystic breast changes occur most often between 30 and 50 years of age. These changes happen rarely after menopause unless you’re taking hormone replacement medicine such as estrogen or progesterone. […] The exact cause of fibrocystic breast changes isn’t known, but experts suspect that reproductive hormones especially estrogen play a role. […] Fluctuating hormone levels during the menstrual cycle can cause breast discomfort and areas of lumpy breast tissue that feel tender, sore and swollen. Fibrocystic breast changes tend to be more bothersome before your menstrual period and ease up after your period begins.

• #5 Fibrocystic change (breast) | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org

  https://radiopaedia.org/articles/fibrocystic-change-breast?lang=us

  Fibrocystic change of the breast (also known as diffuse cystic mastopathy) is a benign alteration in the terminal ductal lobular unit of the breast with or without associated fibrosis. It is seen as a wide spectrum of altered morphology in the female breast from innocuous to those associated with an increased risk of developing carcinoma. […] Hormonal alterations with estrogen dominance over progesterone are considered to be an important factor. The alterations seen are subdivided into: […] Aberrations in Normal Development and Involution (ANDI) of the breast encompass all changes associated with normal variations in breast parenchyma due to hormonal fluctuations and aging. Therefore, fibrocystic changes are more appropriately classified under ANDI rather than being regarded as a pathological condition.

• #6 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Fibrocystic-Breast-disease-causes-and-treatments.aspx

  Fibrocystic disease of the breast is not really a disease condition and hence it is better referred to as fibrocystic breast changes. […] The most common period for fibrocystic breasts to become noticeable is the age between 20 and 50. It is not a coincidence that this is also the period when female hormones are acting upon the womans body. […] Estrogen is the prime suspect in the pathogenesis of this condition. […] The nodularity of the fibrocystic breast is thought to be due to hormone level changes inducing hyperplasia of ductal lining cells and of lobular cells. […] It is hypothesized that fibrocystic breast changes are the result of repeated stimulation by estrogen and progesterone over a long period, thus risk factors for fibrocystic breasts include: Early menarche (age of first menstrual period), Late first childbirth (at or after 30 years of age), Infertility, Breast infections are also thought to be associated with fibrocystic breasts.

• #7 Reddit – The heart of the internet

  https://www.reddit.com/r/asktransgender/comments/7kw2a4/fibrocystic_breasts_and_e_sensitive_conditions_a/

  Fibrocystic breasts are mostly due to excess estrogen and low progesterone. This causes the eventual buildup of cysts that are filled with fluid, but can also cause general lumpiness, swelling, and breast pain. […] Hormonal changes related to fibrocystic breast changes include a lack of progesterone production during the luteal phase of the hormone cycle (E is supposed to be low during this phase, if it’s not, then hyperestrogenism occurs), hyperestrogenism, more prolactin production, and sensitivity of the breasts to estrogen changes. […] EGF, IGF-1, TGF, prolactin, progesterone, and estrogen all have implications in the cause of fibrocystic breast changes and all the above hormones (with the exception of P) are high in the condition. […] Histamine and EGF likely play a role in FBC, as they are both elevated in the blood serum of those with the condition.

• #8 Fibrocystic Breasts: Treatment, Pain, & Menopause

  https://www.medicinenet.com/fibrocystic_breast_condition/article.htm

  Fibrocystic breast condition involves the glandular breast tissue. The sole known biologic function of these glands is the production, or secretion, of milk. The most significant contributing factor to fibrocystic breast condition is a woman’s normal hormonal fluctuations during her monthly cycle. Many hormonal changes occur as a woman’s body prepares each month for a possible pregnancy. The most important of these hormones are estrogen and progesterone. They directly affect the breast tissues by causing cells to grow and multiply. […] Many hormones aside from estrogen and progesterone also play an important role in causing fibrocystic breasts. Prolactin, growth factor, insulin, and thyroid hormone are some of the other major hormones that are produced outside of the breast tissue, yet act in important ways on the breast.

• #9 Your Guide to Managing Fibrocystic Breast Disease Naturally

  https://drbrighten.com/fibrocystic-breast-disease/

  Fibrocystic breast changes are a combination of fluid-filled cysts (sacs) and fibrous (scar-like) tissue in the breast tissue in response to reproductive hormones. […] There are a few theories about the exact cause of fibrocystic breast changes. Primarily, the changes are related to fluctuating reproductive hormones in our monthly cycles. Estrogen, progesterone, prolactin, and testosterone may all play a role in fibrocystic breast changes. […] Fibrocystic breast changes may occur due to excessive estrogen. […] Even a tiny imbalance of estrogens and progesterone could enhance the symptoms of fibrocystic breasts. […] Some studies suggest that increased prolactin levels are also associated with fibrocystic breasts. […] High levels of testosterone may protect some women against fibrocystic breast changes.

• #10 Fibrocystic Breast Disease – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551609/

  The etiology of benign breast disease has demonstrated a strong clinical association with women receiving estrogen and anti-estrogen treatment. The prevalence of benign breast lesions in postmenopausal women receiving estrogens and progestins for over eight years is increased by 1.7 fold. During the Womens Health Initiative study (WHI), the combined use of estrogen and progestin correlated with a 74% risk of benign breast disease. The use of anti-estrogens led to a 28% reduction in the prevalence of benign proliferative breast disease. […] Previous studies have concluded that hyperestrogenism and anovulation are associated with benign breast conditions, as the growth of glandular breast tissue is affected by the levels of estrogen and progesterone in pathological processes.

• #11 Fibrocystic Breast Disease – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/womens-health/fibrocystic-breast-disease/

  Fibrocystic breast disease is a non-cancerous condition of the breast, affecting millions of women around the globe. […] Research has shown a strong link between the development of non-cancerous breast diseases and women who are undergoing estrogen or anti-estrogen treatments. […] Postmenopausal women who have taken both estrogens and progestins, types of hormones, for more than eight years are 1.7 times more likely to develop these benign breast lesions. […] According to a large scale study known as the Womens Health Initiative, using estrogen and progestin together was linked to a 74% risk of benign (non-cancerous) breast disease. […] Additionally, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), a condition that typically causes irregular or no ovulation and excess androgen, is evident in 5-10% of women of reproductive age.

• #12 Fibrocystic breast disease: pathophysiology, pathomorphology, clinical picture, and management – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3511705/

  The pathophysiology of fibrocystic breast disease is determined by estrogen predominance and progesterone deficiency that result in hyperproliferation of connective tissue (fibrosis), which is followed by facultative epithelial proliferation; the risk of breast cancer is increased twofold to fourfold in these patients. […] Fibrocystic breast disease is not a „harmless nondisease” but a distinct clinical entity that requires treatment to bring about relief to the patient, to reduce the incidence of breast surgical procedures, and to diminish the risk of breast cancer.

• #13 Pathology Outlines – Nonproliferative fibrocystic changes

  https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/breastfcc.html

  Associated with hormonal imbalance (increased estrogen to progesterone ratio) (Am J Obstet Gynecol 1986;154:161) […] Excess estrogen leads to proliferation of epithelium in terminal duct lobular units and induces stromal fibrosis […] Fibrosis and epithelial proliferation may lead to obstruction of ducts and acini, leading to involution or cyst formation.

• #14 Fibrocystic Breasts: Treatment, Pain, & Menopause

  https://www.medicinenet.com/fibrocystic_breast_condition/article.htm

  The amount of cellular breakdown products, the degree of inflammation, and the efficiency of the cellular cleanup process in the breast vary from woman to woman. These factors may also fluctuate from month to month in an individual woman. They may even vary in different areas of the same breast. […] Fibrocystic breast condition primarily affects women 30 years of age and older. The reason for this is that the condition likely results from a cumulative process of repeated monthly hormonal cycles and the accumulation of fluid, cells, and cellular debris within the breast. […] Fibrocystic breast condition that involves hyperplasia is associated with a slightly elevated risk of breast cancer, and atypical hyperplasia is associated with a moderately increased risk of breast cancer when compared to women without fibrocystic changes. This is because genetic errors (mutations) have begun to accumulate in cells that no longer respond normally to the signals that usually control cell growth and division.

• #15 Fibrocystic breast disease – Centre of Health – Melbourne Naturopath

  https://thecentreofhealth.com.au/womens-health/fibrocystic-breast-disease/

  What is fibrocystic breast disease? To understand the causes and the pathology of fibrocystic breast disease, one must first understand the structure of the normal female breast. […] This process of cell death (and the inflammatory responses that follow) is repeated during each menstrual cycle causing a repeated collection of unneeded tissue and material within the breast resulting in both fibrous (scar tissue formation) and cystic changes (fluid filled spaces) within the breast. […] Fibrocystic breast conditions vary from simply cystic changes and the formation of scar tissue (called fibrosis) build up to formation of atypical cells (causing a benign tumour, that is non cancerous). […] However, many women show no significant changes on histo-pathological study (microscopic examination of biopsy tissue).

• #16 What Causes Fibrocystic Breasts?

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/what_causes_fibrocystic_breasts/article_em.htm

  Fibrocystic breast changes usually occur in premenopausal women and are affected by shifts in hormone levels during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and lactation. Nearly half of all women will experience fibrocystic breast changes. […] Risk factors for developing fibrocystic breasts include: Childbearing age, Not yet having had a child, Older age at birth of first child, Late onset of menopause, Being overweight, Estrogen hormone replacement therapy.

• #17 Fibrocystic breasts: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000912.htm

  Fibrocystic breast changes occur when thickening of breast tissue (fibrosis) and fluid-filled cysts develop in one or both breasts. It is thought that hormones made in the ovaries during menstruation can trigger these breast changes. […] More than half of women have this condition at some time during their life. It is most common between the ages of 30 and 50. It is rare in women after menopause unless they are taking estrogen. Fibrocystic breast changes do not change your risk for breast cancer. […] If you have a family history of breast cancer and fibrocystic changes, there is a small increase in the risk.

• #18 Breast Fibroids & Fibrocystic Breasts: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/women/what-are-fibrocystic-breast-changes

  Fibrocystic breast changes are two things that can happen naturally in your breasts: fibrous tissue and benign (non-cancerous) cysts. […] About half of women in their 20s to 50s will have fibrocystic breast changes. Its rare after menopause, but it can happen if youre using hormone therapy. […] This means hormones like estrogen might play a role, since they affect breast tissue. But doctors arent exactly sure what causes these changes. Drinking alcohol may make them more likely, especially in women ages 18 to 22. […] The condition used to be known as fibrocystic breast disease. But because its a normal part of life for many women, and not really a disease, medical professionals now call them changes.

• #19

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?Hwid=hw51937

  Fibrocystic breast changes are linked to the hormone changes that happen during a woman’s menstrual cycle. […] Experts think that fibrocystic breast changes are linked to the hormone changes that happen during a woman’s menstrual cycle. […] You are more likely to have fibrocystic breasts if your mother or sisters have them.

• #20 Fibrocystic Breasts Information & Treatment

  https://www.columbiadoctors.org/health-library/condition/fibrocystic-breasts/

  Fibrocystic breast changes are linked to the hormone changes that happen during the menstrual cycle. […] You are more likely to have fibrocystic breasts if anyone in your family has them.

• #21 Fibrocystic breasts after menopause | Dr. Garvit Chitkara

  https://drgarvitchitkara.com/blogs/fibrocystic-breasts-after-menopause/

  Menopause marks a significant transition in a womans life, bringing about hormonal changes that can affect various aspects of health, including breast tissue. […] Although fibrocystic breast changes are more common in premenopausal women, studies indicate that up to 15-20% of postmenopausal women still experience fibrocystic breast disease, especially those on hormone replacement therapy (HRT). […] Some of the primary causes include: Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) Many women take HRT to manage menopausal symptoms, but the additional estrogen can stimulate breast tissue, leading to cystic changes. […] Residual Hormonal Activity Even without HRT, the body continues to produce small amounts of estrogen, which can impact breast tissue. […] Breast Tissue Composition Women with naturally dense breasts are more prone to persistent fibrocystic changes, regardless of menopause.

• #22 A Comprehensive Approach to Fibrocystic Breasts: Testing and Getting to The Root Cause

  https://www.rupahealth.com/post/a-comprehensive-approach-to-fibrocystic-breasts

  About 50% of women of reproductive age may experience breast tissue changes known as fibrocystic breasts. […] This condition is not fully understood but has primarily been linked to hormonal fluctuations. Elevated estrogen, with lower levels of progesterone, seems to play a key role in developing fibrocystic breasts in reproductive years. […] The imbalance of estradiol to progesterone ratio, explicitly having a low E2/P, is correlated to an increased probability of developing fibrocystic breasts. […] Additionally, women who are on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) of estrogen have a higher likelihood of experiencing breast tissue changes than those who do not take exogenous estrogen during menopause. […] One study found that consuming around three alcoholic beverages or more per day from ages 18-22 showed an increased association with benign breast changes like fibrocystic breasts.

• #23 Fibrocystic breast disease | University of Iowa Health Care

  https://uihc.org/health-topics/fibrocystic-breast-disease

  The symptoms of fibrocystic disease are cyclic breast pain, tenderness, lumps, and nipple discharge. […] Most women with fibrocystic tendencies do not appear to be at increased risk for breast cancer. […] Most fibrocystic conditions are completely benign. There is a very small subset of women with fibrocystic problems who are predisposed to breast cancer. […] Some studies have shown that caffeine may worsen the tenderness and pain that is associated with fibrocystic condition. […] Neither caffeine nor chocolate cause fibrocystic problems. […] Most women with fibrocystic tendencies are not at increased risk for breast cancer. […] There are some relatively rare conditions that can increase your risk. […] A papilloma is a specific kind of growth. […] Some people consider it a part of fibrocystic tendency, but most physician consider it a separate benign problem.

• #24 Taking The Dis-Ease Out Of Fibrocystic Breasts — Walnut Creek Naturopathic

  https://www.walnutcreeknaturopathic.com/blog/taking-the-dis-ease-out-of-fibrocystic-breasts

  Fibrocystic breast changes (formally known as fibrocystic breast disease) are the most common benign breast condition and include a histologic picture of fibrosis, cyst formation, and epithelial hyperplasia. […] Although the cause of fibrocystic breast changes is not fully understood, it is believed to be due to hormonal imbalances, such as an excess ratio of estrogen to progesterone or increased production of prolactin. […] Causes: Increased estrogen to progesterone ratio, High estradiol and low testosterone, Imbalance in the ratio of estrone to estriol (too much estrone, too little estriol), Accumulation of estrogenic chemicals in breast tissue (parabens, PCBs, dioxin, phthalates, bisphenol-A, PBDEs), Underactive thyroid, which can lead to increased prolactin levels, Excess meat, dairy and unhealthy dietary fats, Nutritional deficiencies in vitamin E, iodine, vitamin B-6, essential fatty acids and coenzyme Q10, Liver toxicity and stagnation of liver blood and energy, Bowel toxicity and constipation, Heavy metal toxicity (specifically lead, mercury, and cadmium), Poor lymphatic circulation, possibly from underwire bras and lack of exercise, Methylxanthine consumption.

• #25 Blog – ILS-Hospital

  https://ilshospitals.com/blog/fibrocystic-breast-disease-causes-symptoms-and-diagnosis/

  Fibrocystic breast disease is one of the most happening diseases nowadays. It is also known by the term fibrocystic changes or fibrocystic mastopathy. It is a very common disease that is identified by the presence of noncancerous breast lumps and relevant symptoms. […] There are several causes of fibrocystic breast disease which arise from fluctuations in the hormone, and changes in the estrogen and progesterone levels throughout the whole menstrual cycle. These hormonal changes can lead to the development of cysts filled with fluids, fibrous tissue, and other changes in the breasts. As the exact reason for the fibrocystic changes remains elusive, so hormonal imbalances, genetics, and lifestyle factors such as consumption of caffeine and stress may contribute to the development. […] The exact cause of fibrocystic breast disease is believed to be related to hormonal fluctuations, particularly changes in estrogen and progesterone levels during the menstrual cycle. Other factors such as genetics, caffeine consumption, and stress may also play a role.

• #26 Fibrocystic breast changes – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrocystic_breast_changes

  Fibrocystic breast changes is a condition of the breasts where there may be pain, breast cysts, and breast masses. The breasts may be described as „lumpy” or „doughy”. Symptoms may worsen during certain parts of the menstrual cycle due to hormonal stimulation. These are normal breast changes, not associated with cancer. […] Risk factors include an early age at first menstrual period and either having children at a late age or not at all. It is not a disease but represents normal breast changes. […] The exact mechanism of the condition is not fully understood, though it is known to be tied to hormone level fluctuation; the condition usually subsides after menopause and is closely related to the menstrual cycle. […] This condition is an accumulative process, partly caused by the normal hormonal variation during a woman’s monthly cycle. The most important of these hormones include estrogen, progesterone and prolactin. […] There is evidence that iodine deficiency contributes to fibrocystic breast changes by enhancing breast tissue sensitivity to estrogen.

• #27 Reddit – The heart of the internet

  https://www.reddit.com/r/asktransgender/comments/7kw2a4/fibrocystic_breasts_and_e_sensitive_conditions_a/

  Iodine deficiency may lead to increased E sensitivity in the breasts, therefore iodine supplementation may be helpful in reducing symptoms of FBC, such as breast pain, and in reducing the size of the cysts themselves. […] COX-2 is raised as estrogen is increased, in addition COX-2 increases aromatase function/upregulation.

• #28 Fibrocystic Breast Disease and Fibroids: Is There a Link?

  https://www.fibroidfree.com/fibroids/fibrocystic-breast-disease-and-fibroids/

  Fibrocystic breast disease is a topic of concern, one that is asked about in fibroid forums and by patients. […] Fibrocystic breast disease, also known as fibrocystic breast changes, benign breast disease, mammary dysplasia, and breast fibroids, is actually a misnomer since it isn’t a disease at all. […] With fibrocystic breast changes, breast tissue thickens and leads to fluid-filled cysts in one or both breasts. […] Fibrocystic breast disease is most common between the ages of 30 and 50, though it can manifest itself in post-menopausal women who continue to take hormone medicine. […] While there aren’t studies that show uterine fibroids as the primary culprit of fibrocystic breast disease, it is true that both are directly impacted by hormones, especially estrogen. […] Estrogen dominance can cause any of the following conditions: Uterine fibroids, Fibrocystic breast disease, PCOS, Thyroid issues, Immune disorders, Ovarian cysts, Breast cancer.

• #29 Fibrocystic Breasts: Treatment, Pain, & Menopause

  https://www.medicinenet.com/fibrocystic_breast_condition/article.htm

  Environmental, dietary, and metabolic toxins may also interact with a woman’s complex hormonal system to increase the risk of mutations and thus increase the risk of breast cancer. It has been demonstrated that individuals differ significantly in their ability to break down and remove toxins from the body. Some of this varied response to toxins may be due to inherited differences. The potential for DNA damage (leading to genetic errors or mutations), which can be caused by a variety of damaging agents combined with the stimulation of cell division, is what ultimately leads to the risk of breast cancer that is associated with some cases of fibrocystic breast condition.

• #30 Fibrocystic Changes in the Breast | Fibrosis and Cysts | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/non-cancerous-breast-conditions/fibrosis-and-simple-cysts-in-the-breast.html

  Many breast lumps turn out to be non-cancerous (benign) changes in fibrous tissue (fibrosis) and/or cysts, which together are known as fibrocystic changes. […] Fibrocystic changes are most common in women of child-bearing age, but they can affect women of any age. […] Cysts begin when fluid starts to build up inside the breast glands. […] Neither fibrosis nor simple cysts increase your risk of later developing breast cancer. […] There is a small chance complicated cysts and complex cystic and solid masses might contain cancer or put you at higher risk of breast cancer later on, depending on what is found on a biopsy.

• #31 Fibrocystic Breast vs. Cancer: Learn the Differences

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/fibrocystic-breast-vs-cancer-6752530

  Fibrocystic breast changes are common and usually harmless. […] Hormonal fluctuations trigger two fibrocystic changes in your breasts: cysts (fluid-filled sacs) and fibrosis (tough, thickened tissues). […] Cysts may be simple, complicated, or complex: […] Fibrosis and simple cysts do not increase your risk of cancer. Complicated and complex cysts have a small chance of becoming cancerous. […] As with other cancers, breast cancer begins due to changes in genes that control cellular growth. As a result, the cells grow uncontrollably, forming tumors and spreading beyond the original site. […] There are different types of breast cancer. Each one is classified according to the type of cell affected, the proteins and genes the cancer produces, and whether it responds to hormones like estrogen. Each type can get into blood and lymph vessels and spread into your body.

• #32 Fibrocystic breasts – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/fibrocystic-breasts

  Fibrocystic breast changes occur when thickening of breast tissue (fibrosis) and fluid-filled cysts develop in one or both breasts. It is thought that hormones made in the ovaries during menstruation can trigger these breast changes. […] More than half of women have this condition at some time during their life. It is most common between the ages of 30 and 50. It is rare in women after menopause unless they are taking estrogen. Fibrocystic breast changes do not change your risk for breast cancer. […] If your breast exams and mammograms are normal, you do not need to worry about your symptoms. Fibrocystic breast changes do not generally increase your risk for breast cancer. However, if you have a family history of breast cancer and fibrocystic changes, there is a small increase in the risk.

• #33 Benign Breast Disease: Types, Noncancerous & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6270-benign-breast-disease

  Fibrocystic breast changes: Fluctuating hormone levels can make breasts feel lumpy, dense and tender, especially right before menstruation. People with a vagina between the ages of 30 to 50 are more likely to experience fibrocystic breast changes, which go away without treatment. […] Common causes of noncancerous breast lumps include: […] Changes in breast tissue (fibrocystic breast changes). […] Certain types of benign breast disease, such as atypical hyperplasia, make you more prone to breast cancer.

• #34 Fibrocystic breasts after menopause | Dr. Garvit Chitkara

  https://drgarvitchitkara.com/blogs/fibrocystic-breasts-after-menopause/

  Caffeine and Diet Excess caffeine, high-fat diets, and processed foods have been linked to increased breast cyst formation. […] Although menopause reduces hormone fluctuations, some factors can still contribute to fibrocystic breast changes. Residual estrogen activity, certain medications, and lifestyle factors can all play a role. […] Research shows that while fibrocystic breast disease itself is not cancerous, certain atypical changes may slightly increase the risk. […] If fibrocystic changes are accompanied by atypical hyperplasia (abnormal cell growth), the lifetime risk of developing breast cancer may be 3-5 times higher than average. […] Although fibrocystic breasts are generally benign, some cases involve cellular changes that warrant closer monitoring.

• #35 Fibrocystic Breasts Disease – Causes and Symptoms | Breast Care Center

  https://www.toplinemd.com/breast-care-center-of-miami/blog/fibrocystic-breasts-disease-causes-and-symptoms/

  If you are a woman who always has lumps in her breasts, you may have fibrocystic breast disease. […] The condition is not unusual because more than 50% of women experience it at some point. […] Doctors are not sure what causes these to form, their educated guess is that it is due to the body’s reaction to hormones. […] Again, doctors are not sure, but they think it is the body’s reaction to hormone level changes. […] According to the American Cancer Society, women with hyperplasia without abnormal cells are at a 1.5-2 times higher risk of getting breast cancer. Those with atypical cells are at 4-5 times higher risk.

• #36 Breast cysts and breast cancer: How can you tell the difference? | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/breast-cysts-and-breast-cancer–how-can-you-tell-the-difference.h00-159542901.html

  Breast cysts usually happen due to the normal hormonal fluctuations that take place in a womans body during her menstrual cycle. […] Fibrocystic breast syndrome is when women develop breast pain and tender nodules throughout their breast tissue. […] Simple cysts are not associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. […] A lot of women come in scared, thinking the fact that theyve developed a breast cyst makes them more likely to develop breast cancer later on. But thats not true.

• #37 Fibrocystic Breast Changes – Life Extension

  https://www.lifeextension.com/protocols/female-reproductive/fibrocystic-breast-changes?srsltid=AfmBOooncsdH5o5f23yK_KthRnnWbdsb5mqTrTnaKTNHYpGXW1N3TSk1

  Fibrocystic breast changes are non-cancerous lumps or abnormalities in the breast tissue. Between 50% and 90% of women will experience benign changes in their breast tissue during their lifetime, with 30s and 40s being the most common age of occurrence. […] The precise cause of fibrocystic changes is not known, but hormonal imbalances are strongly implicated as a contributing factor. A relative deficiency of progesterone or excess of estrogen during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle may lead to fibrocystic changes. […] Hormonal imbalances are generally thought to underlie fibrocystic breast changes. Specifically, estrogen excess, inadequate progesterone, or abnormal metabolism of these hormones appear to contribute to benign changes in breast tissue. […] Fibroadenomas, which are a type of fibrocystic change composed of fibrous and glandular tissue, are particularly sensitive to hormonal changes.

• #38 Fibrocystic Breast Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

  https://www.healthline.com/health/fibrocystic-breast-disease

  The specific cause of fibrocystic breast disease isnt fully understood. However, doctors suspect that estrogen and other reproductive hormones play a role. […] As a result, your symptoms will likely disappear once you reach menopause, as the fluctuation and production of these hormones decreases and stabilizes.

• #39 What are Fibrocystic Breasts? | Women’s Wellness

  https://www.solismammo.com/insights/what-are-fibrocystic-breasts

  Fibrocystic breast changes is a common and benign (non-harmful) condition experienced by about half of women. […] We don’t know exactly what causes fibrocystic breasts. Researchers believe one cause may be the hormonal changes you experience each month with your menstrual cycle, and that excess estrogen may be what causes fibrocystic breasts. […] Most women diagnosed with fibrocystic breasts are between 20 and 50. Fibrocystic breasts after menopause are rare because post-menopausal women experience fewer hormonal fluctuations. […] Though it’s tempting to panic when you feel cysts in your breasts, fibrocystic breast change is not cancer and does not increase your risk of cancer. Dense breast tissue, which sometimes accompanies fibrocystic changes, has been linked to an increased risk of cancer, however.

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