Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Are Gliomas Preventable? | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-37696-5_18

  Gliomas are a family of primary central nervous system tumors of variable malignancy that are derived from supporting glia (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells) or their progenitors/stem cells. There are two potential strategies to prevention: preventing gliomas from forming and preventing lower-grade gliomas from developing into higher-grade gliomas. […] Each also depends on an understanding of what causes gliomas so that these factors can be modulated. In this presentation, I will discuss primary prevention, chemoprevention, and screening. […] The basic thinking is that if one could prevent specific gene mutations and/or deletions or gains of specific chromosomes that lead to the development of low-grade (WHO 2) gliomas, then theoretically this would reduce the occurrence of high-grade (WHO 3 and 4) gliomas and hence the almost certain death that now is the fate of most patients with these tumors.

• #2 Preventing Glioma with a Plant-Based Diet – Plant-Based Diets in Medicine

  https://pbdmedicine.org/preventing-glioma-with-a-plant-based-diet/

  Malignant glioma (glioblastoma) is an aggressive form of brain cancer with a poor prognosis. No early detection of glioma is available and its difficult to treat, so prevention is crucial. Dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean, the MIND and the DASH dietary patterns, which all include a high intake of plants foods, have been shown to reduce the risk of glioma. A plant-based diet composed of only plant foods reduces the risk of glioma by 71%. […] Research has shown that a plant-based diet is a safe and effective way to significantly reduce the risk of glioma. While reducing the risk of glioma, a plant-based diet can also reduce the risk of several chronic diseases. […] A plant-based diet, and specifically manufactured plant-based foods, are now considered mainstream and several studies have shown good patient compliance. Increasing numbers of physicians are prescribing a plant-based diet for their patients in order to prevent and treat disease. The prevention of glioma adds yet another pathology to the long list of pathologies that can be prevented with a plant-based diet.

• #3 Glioma | Oncoclínicas Group Glioma | Oncoclínicas Group

  https://grupooncoclinicas.com/en/all-about-cancer/types-of-cancer/glioma/

  There are no related causes or well-established and preventable risk factors for the emergence of these types of tumors. Therefore, it is currently not possible to prevent or avoid gliomas.

• #4 Glioblastoma multiforme Guide: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Options

  https://www.drugs.com/health-guide/glioblastoma-multiforme.html

  There is no known way to prevent glioblastoma. Some risk factors may increase a person’s chance of developing a brain tumor. These include radiation therapy to the brain and certain inherited disorders.

• #5 Are Gliomas Preventable? | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-37696-5_18

  Gliomas are a family of primary central nervous system tumors of variable malignancy that are derived from supporting glia (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells) or their progenitors/stem cells. There are two potential strategies to prevention: preventing gliomas from forming and preventing lower-grade gliomas from developing into higher-grade gliomas. […] Each also depends on an understanding of what causes gliomas so that these factors can be modulated. In this presentation, I will discuss primary prevention, chemoprevention, and screening. […] The basic thinking is that if one could prevent specific gene mutations and/or deletions or gains of specific chromosomes that lead to the development of low-grade (WHO 2) gliomas, then theoretically this would reduce the occurrence of high-grade (WHO 3 and 4) gliomas and hence the almost certain death that now is the fate of most patients with these tumors.

• #6 Are Gliomas Preventable? | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-37696-5_18

  Gliomas are a family of primary central nervous system tumors of variable malignancy that are derived from supporting glia (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells) or their progenitors/stem cells. There are two potential strategies to prevention: preventing gliomas from forming and preventing lower-grade gliomas from developing into higher-grade gliomas. […] Each also depends on an understanding of what causes gliomas so that these factors can be modulated. In this presentation, I will discuss primary prevention, chemoprevention, and screening. […] The basic thinking is that if one could prevent specific gene mutations and/or deletions or gains of specific chromosomes that lead to the development of low-grade (WHO 2) gliomas, then theoretically this would reduce the occurrence of high-grade (WHO 3 and 4) gliomas and hence the almost certain death that now is the fate of most patients with these tumors.

• #7 Glioma: What Is It, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Outlook

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21969-glioma

  Most risk factors for gliomas, such as age and race, arent controllable. But early detection and treatment of low-grade gliomas may slow or prevent their progression into high-grade gliomas. If brain tumors run in your family, you may want to consider genetic testing. Talk to your healthcare provider or a genetic counselor about the risks and benefits of genetic testing. […] It is also a good idea to: […] Limit radiation exposure to your head. […] Maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

• #8 Glioma | Oncoclínicas Group Glioma | Oncoclínicas Group

  https://grupooncoclinicas.com/en/all-about-cancer/types-of-cancer/glioma/

  There are no related causes or well-established and preventable risk factors for the emergence of these types of tumors. Therefore, it is currently not possible to prevent or avoid gliomas.

• #9 Gliomas | EBSCO Research Starters

  https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/health-and-medicine/gliomas

  While there are no established preventive measures for gliomas, avoiding radiation exposure to the head is the only recognized method of prevention. […] Avoiding radiation to the head is the only documented prevention.

• #10 Glioma: What Is It, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Outlook

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21969-glioma

  Most risk factors for gliomas, such as age and race, arent controllable. But early detection and treatment of low-grade gliomas may slow or prevent their progression into high-grade gliomas. If brain tumors run in your family, you may want to consider genetic testing. Talk to your healthcare provider or a genetic counselor about the risks and benefits of genetic testing. […] It is also a good idea to: […] Limit radiation exposure to your head. […] Maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

• #11 Glioblastoma multiforme Guide: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Options

  https://www.drugs.com/health-guide/glioblastoma-multiforme.html

  There is no known way to prevent glioblastoma. Some risk factors may increase a person’s chance of developing a brain tumor. These include radiation therapy to the brain and certain inherited disorders.

• #12 Glioblastoma (GBM): What It Is, Symptoms & Prognosis

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17032-glioblastoma

  Genetic mutations that cause glioblastoma arent preventable. But early detection and treatment may slow the progression of a tumor. […] If brain tumors run in your biological family, you may want to consider genetic testing. Talk to a healthcare provider or a genetic counselor about the risks and benefits of genetic testing.

• #13 Glioma: What Is It, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Outlook

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21969-glioma

  Most risk factors for gliomas, such as age and race, arent controllable. But early detection and treatment of low-grade gliomas may slow or prevent their progression into high-grade gliomas. If brain tumors run in your family, you may want to consider genetic testing. Talk to your healthcare provider or a genetic counselor about the risks and benefits of genetic testing. […] It is also a good idea to: […] Limit radiation exposure to your head. […] Maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

• #14 Glioblastoma (GBM): What It Is, Symptoms & Prognosis

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17032-glioblastoma

  Genetic mutations that cause glioblastoma arent preventable. But early detection and treatment may slow the progression of a tumor. […] If brain tumors run in your biological family, you may want to consider genetic testing. Talk to a healthcare provider or a genetic counselor about the risks and benefits of genetic testing.

• #15

  https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/glioma

  Glioma – How to prevent? […] How is glioma prevented? […] The causes of glioma are not clear and risk factors such as age and genes cannot be controlled. If there is a family history of brain tumour, consider regular medical check-ups or consult a doctor about genetic counselling. […] Can lifestyle changes help prevent or slow glioma growth? […] While no lifestyle changes can prevent gliomas, maintaining a healthy lifestyle supports overall well-being and may aid recovery during treatment. Eating a balanced diet, managing stress and avoiding smoking and alcohol can positively impact health, but they do not specifically slow glioma growth.

• #16 Detection and prevention of pypermutant glioma in children and young adults – Brain Canada Foundation

  https://braincanada.ca/funded_grants/detection-and-prevention-of-pypermutant-glioma-in-children-and-young-adults/

  Need for project: Replication repair deficiency (RRD) is a genetic condition that significantly increases the risk of developing cancer, particularly early in life. Gliomas are the most common brain tumour seen in children and young adults (CAYA), and occur frequently in RRD. […] Goal of project: We aim to describe the proportion of tumours with RRD in gliomas from CAYA. […] Future impact: Early recognition would enable the patient to be placed on therapy tailored to RRD-tumours. This has the potential to be highly rewarding as newly available agents have shown increased efficacy against RRD. The patient would start a surveillance protocol to screen for other types of cancer. First degree family members would be screened for RRD, and if found would start surveillance to promote early detection of cancer. This will not only benefit the patient, but potentially the entire family.

• #17

  https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/glioma

  Glioma – How to prevent? […] How is glioma prevented? […] The causes of glioma are not clear and risk factors such as age and genes cannot be controlled. If there is a family history of brain tumour, consider regular medical check-ups or consult a doctor about genetic counselling. […] Can lifestyle changes help prevent or slow glioma growth? […] While no lifestyle changes can prevent gliomas, maintaining a healthy lifestyle supports overall well-being and may aid recovery during treatment. Eating a balanced diet, managing stress and avoiding smoking and alcohol can positively impact health, but they do not specifically slow glioma growth.

• #18 Glioma – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Diagnosis – MedBroadcast.com

  https://medbroadcast.com/condition/getcondition/glioma

  People with gliomas often receive a combination of different types of treatment for the best chance of recovery. […] Medications are useful in the treatment of glioma. […] Surgery is recommended in most cases to remove the tumour. […] Radiation therapy uses X-rays to destroy cancer cells in the tumour. […] Targeted therapies can be used to treat some forms of glioma. […] Some people also choose to enroll in a clinical trial for experimental medications or use complementary and alternative therapies (e.g., herbal preparations, reflexology, acupuncture, and Chinese medicine). […] To reduce your risk of developing different forms of cancer, make healthy choices every day. Some of these choices include: stopping smoking, eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy weight, limiting alcoholic drinks, reducing exposure to the sun’s damaging rays and tanning beds, minimizing exposure to chemicals and, if needed, handling chemicals safely and as instructed.

• #19 Preventing Glioma | Expert Surgeon | Aaron Cohen-Gadol, MD

  https://www.aaroncohen-gadol.com/en/patients/glioma/natural-history/preventing

  It is natural to wonder about preventing gliomas, especially if you or a family member has been affected. This article will explore the potential risk factors for developing gliomas and address common questions about preventing brain tumors. […] Often and unfortunately, there is no way to prevent aggressive tumors like glioblastoma. However, practicing a healthy lifestyle and avoiding risk factors may reduce susceptibility. […] For the best chance to lead a healthy life, do your best to combat stress. […] Eating healthy will reduce stress, help you feel better, and improve your body’s immune system. Some people wonder if certain foods will prevent brain cancer. There is no known „super-food” that guarantees protection from cancer. However, certain foods are probably more helpful than others. […] Unfortunately, the cause and prevention of glioma are currently out of our hands. To prevent cancers, do your best to live a healthy lifestyle and alert your physician to any troubling symptoms.

• #20 Glioma – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Diagnosis – MedBroadcast.com

  https://medbroadcast.com/condition/getcondition/glioma

  People with gliomas often receive a combination of different types of treatment for the best chance of recovery. […] Medications are useful in the treatment of glioma. […] Surgery is recommended in most cases to remove the tumour. […] Radiation therapy uses X-rays to destroy cancer cells in the tumour. […] Targeted therapies can be used to treat some forms of glioma. […] Some people also choose to enroll in a clinical trial for experimental medications or use complementary and alternative therapies (e.g., herbal preparations, reflexology, acupuncture, and Chinese medicine). […] To reduce your risk of developing different forms of cancer, make healthy choices every day. Some of these choices include: stopping smoking, eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy weight, limiting alcoholic drinks, reducing exposure to the sun’s damaging rays and tanning beds, minimizing exposure to chemicals and, if needed, handling chemicals safely and as instructed.

• #21 Glioma – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Diagnosis – MedBroadcast.com

  https://medbroadcast.com/condition/getcondition/glioma

  People with gliomas often receive a combination of different types of treatment for the best chance of recovery. […] Medications are useful in the treatment of glioma. […] Surgery is recommended in most cases to remove the tumour. […] Radiation therapy uses X-rays to destroy cancer cells in the tumour. […] Targeted therapies can be used to treat some forms of glioma. […] Some people also choose to enroll in a clinical trial for experimental medications or use complementary and alternative therapies (e.g., herbal preparations, reflexology, acupuncture, and Chinese medicine). […] To reduce your risk of developing different forms of cancer, make healthy choices every day. Some of these choices include: stopping smoking, eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy weight, limiting alcoholic drinks, reducing exposure to the sun’s damaging rays and tanning beds, minimizing exposure to chemicals and, if needed, handling chemicals safely and as instructed.

• #22

  https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/glioma

  Glioma – How to prevent? […] How is glioma prevented? […] The causes of glioma are not clear and risk factors such as age and genes cannot be controlled. If there is a family history of brain tumour, consider regular medical check-ups or consult a doctor about genetic counselling. […] Can lifestyle changes help prevent or slow glioma growth? […] While no lifestyle changes can prevent gliomas, maintaining a healthy lifestyle supports overall well-being and may aid recovery during treatment. Eating a balanced diet, managing stress and avoiding smoking and alcohol can positively impact health, but they do not specifically slow glioma growth.

• #23 Glioma – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Diagnosis – MedBroadcast.com

  https://medbroadcast.com/condition/getcondition/glioma

  People with gliomas often receive a combination of different types of treatment for the best chance of recovery. […] Medications are useful in the treatment of glioma. […] Surgery is recommended in most cases to remove the tumour. […] Radiation therapy uses X-rays to destroy cancer cells in the tumour. […] Targeted therapies can be used to treat some forms of glioma. […] Some people also choose to enroll in a clinical trial for experimental medications or use complementary and alternative therapies (e.g., herbal preparations, reflexology, acupuncture, and Chinese medicine). […] To reduce your risk of developing different forms of cancer, make healthy choices every day. Some of these choices include: stopping smoking, eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy weight, limiting alcoholic drinks, reducing exposure to the sun’s damaging rays and tanning beds, minimizing exposure to chemicals and, if needed, handling chemicals safely and as instructed.

• #24

  https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/glioma

  Glioma – How to prevent? […] How is glioma prevented? […] The causes of glioma are not clear and risk factors such as age and genes cannot be controlled. If there is a family history of brain tumour, consider regular medical check-ups or consult a doctor about genetic counselling. […] Can lifestyle changes help prevent or slow glioma growth? […] While no lifestyle changes can prevent gliomas, maintaining a healthy lifestyle supports overall well-being and may aid recovery during treatment. Eating a balanced diet, managing stress and avoiding smoking and alcohol can positively impact health, but they do not specifically slow glioma growth.

• #25 Glioma – Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Diagnosis – MedBroadcast.com

  https://medbroadcast.com/condition/getcondition/glioma

  People with gliomas often receive a combination of different types of treatment for the best chance of recovery. […] Medications are useful in the treatment of glioma. […] Surgery is recommended in most cases to remove the tumour. […] Radiation therapy uses X-rays to destroy cancer cells in the tumour. […] Targeted therapies can be used to treat some forms of glioma. […] Some people also choose to enroll in a clinical trial for experimental medications or use complementary and alternative therapies (e.g., herbal preparations, reflexology, acupuncture, and Chinese medicine). […] To reduce your risk of developing different forms of cancer, make healthy choices every day. Some of these choices include: stopping smoking, eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, maintaining a healthy weight, limiting alcoholic drinks, reducing exposure to the sun’s damaging rays and tanning beds, minimizing exposure to chemicals and, if needed, handling chemicals safely and as instructed.

• #26 Preventing Glioma | Expert Surgeon | Aaron Cohen-Gadol, MD

  https://www.aaroncohen-gadol.com/en/patients/glioma/natural-history/preventing

  It is natural to wonder about preventing gliomas, especially if you or a family member has been affected. This article will explore the potential risk factors for developing gliomas and address common questions about preventing brain tumors. […] Often and unfortunately, there is no way to prevent aggressive tumors like glioblastoma. However, practicing a healthy lifestyle and avoiding risk factors may reduce susceptibility. […] For the best chance to lead a healthy life, do your best to combat stress. […] Eating healthy will reduce stress, help you feel better, and improve your body’s immune system. Some people wonder if certain foods will prevent brain cancer. There is no known „super-food” that guarantees protection from cancer. However, certain foods are probably more helpful than others. […] Unfortunately, the cause and prevention of glioma are currently out of our hands. To prevent cancers, do your best to live a healthy lifestyle and alert your physician to any troubling symptoms.

• #27

  https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-care/conditions-treatments/glioma

  Glioma – How to prevent? […] How is glioma prevented? […] The causes of glioma are not clear and risk factors such as age and genes cannot be controlled. If there is a family history of brain tumour, consider regular medical check-ups or consult a doctor about genetic counselling. […] Can lifestyle changes help prevent or slow glioma growth? […] While no lifestyle changes can prevent gliomas, maintaining a healthy lifestyle supports overall well-being and may aid recovery during treatment. Eating a balanced diet, managing stress and avoiding smoking and alcohol can positively impact health, but they do not specifically slow glioma growth.

• #28 Preventing Glioma with a Plant-Based Diet – Plant-Based Diets in Medicine

  https://pbdmedicine.org/preventing-glioma-with-a-plant-based-diet/

  Malignant glioma (glioblastoma) is an aggressive form of brain cancer with a poor prognosis. No early detection of glioma is available and its difficult to treat, so prevention is crucial. Dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean, the MIND and the DASH dietary patterns, which all include a high intake of plants foods, have been shown to reduce the risk of glioma. A plant-based diet composed of only plant foods reduces the risk of glioma by 71%. […] Research has shown that a plant-based diet is a safe and effective way to significantly reduce the risk of glioma. While reducing the risk of glioma, a plant-based diet can also reduce the risk of several chronic diseases. […] A plant-based diet, and specifically manufactured plant-based foods, are now considered mainstream and several studies have shown good patient compliance. Increasing numbers of physicians are prescribing a plant-based diet for their patients in order to prevent and treat disease. The prevention of glioma adds yet another pathology to the long list of pathologies that can be prevented with a plant-based diet.

• #29 Adherence to Healthy Dietary Patterns and Glioma: A Matched Case-Control Study

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/23/4886

  Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (odds ratio (OR) = 0.29; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.17–0.52), the DASH diet (OR = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.04–0.18), the MIND diet (OR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.14–0.44), and the Paleolithic diet (OR = 0.13; 95% CI: 0.06–0.25) was associated with a reduced glioma risk. […] Studies have shown that many food groups such as vegetables, cured meat, grains, coffee, and tea are closely related to glioma. […] Therefore, this study finds that dietary patterns may be an influencing factor for glioma risk. […] To further explore the impact of dietary patterns on glioma, we conducted an analysis based on the Chinese population, to provide scientific support for the creation of primary glioma prevention measures. […] The Mediterranean diet, the DASH diet, the MIND diet, and the Paleolithic diet were all negatively associated with glioma risk. […] Our study findings indicate that, for the Chinese population, adhering to the Mediterranean diet, the DASH diet, the MIND diet, or the Paleolithic diet is associated with a reduced risk of glioma.

• #30 Preventing Glioma with a Plant-Based Diet – Plant-Based Diets in Medicine

  https://pbdmedicine.org/preventing-glioma-with-a-plant-based-diet/

  Malignant glioma (glioblastoma) is an aggressive form of brain cancer with a poor prognosis. No early detection of glioma is available and its difficult to treat, so prevention is crucial. Dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean, the MIND and the DASH dietary patterns, which all include a high intake of plants foods, have been shown to reduce the risk of glioma. A plant-based diet composed of only plant foods reduces the risk of glioma by 71%. […] Research has shown that a plant-based diet is a safe and effective way to significantly reduce the risk of glioma. While reducing the risk of glioma, a plant-based diet can also reduce the risk of several chronic diseases. […] A plant-based diet, and specifically manufactured plant-based foods, are now considered mainstream and several studies have shown good patient compliance. Increasing numbers of physicians are prescribing a plant-based diet for their patients in order to prevent and treat disease. The prevention of glioma adds yet another pathology to the long list of pathologies that can be prevented with a plant-based diet.

• #31

  https://juniperpublishers.com/ctoij/CTOIJ.MS.ID.556150.php

  Malignant glioma (glioblastoma) is an aggressive form of brain cancer with a poor prognosis. No early detection of glioma is available and its difficult to treat, so prevention is crucial. Dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean, the MIND and the DASH dietary patterns, which all include a high intake of plants foods, have been shown to reduce the risk of glioma. A plant-based diet composed of only plant foods reduces the risk of glioma by 71%. Studies show that the phytochemicals in plant foods are key to risk reduction. Chemoprevention with phytochemicals from plant foods can interrupt the carcinogenic process, which includes initiation, promotion and progression of otherwise normal cells leading to malignancy. […] Research has shown that a plant-based diet is a safe and effective way to significantly reduce the risk of glioma. While reducing the risk of glioma, a plant-based diet can also reduce the risk of several chronic diseases.

• #32

  https://juniperpublishers.com/ctoij/CTOIJ.MS.ID.556150.php

  Malignant glioma (glioblastoma) is an aggressive form of brain cancer with a poor prognosis. No early detection of glioma is available and its difficult to treat, so prevention is crucial. Dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean, the MIND and the DASH dietary patterns, which all include a high intake of plants foods, have been shown to reduce the risk of glioma. A plant-based diet composed of only plant foods reduces the risk of glioma by 71%. Studies show that the phytochemicals in plant foods are key to risk reduction. Chemoprevention with phytochemicals from plant foods can interrupt the carcinogenic process, which includes initiation, promotion and progression of otherwise normal cells leading to malignancy. […] Research has shown that a plant-based diet is a safe and effective way to significantly reduce the risk of glioma. While reducing the risk of glioma, a plant-based diet can also reduce the risk of several chronic diseases.

• #33 Adherence to Healthy Dietary Patterns and Glioma: A Matched Case-Control Study

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/23/4886

  Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (odds ratio (OR) = 0.29; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.17–0.52), the DASH diet (OR = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.04–0.18), the MIND diet (OR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.14–0.44), and the Paleolithic diet (OR = 0.13; 95% CI: 0.06–0.25) was associated with a reduced glioma risk. […] Studies have shown that many food groups such as vegetables, cured meat, grains, coffee, and tea are closely related to glioma. […] Therefore, this study finds that dietary patterns may be an influencing factor for glioma risk. […] To further explore the impact of dietary patterns on glioma, we conducted an analysis based on the Chinese population, to provide scientific support for the creation of primary glioma prevention measures. […] The Mediterranean diet, the DASH diet, the MIND diet, and the Paleolithic diet were all negatively associated with glioma risk. […] Our study findings indicate that, for the Chinese population, adhering to the Mediterranean diet, the DASH diet, the MIND diet, or the Paleolithic diet is associated with a reduced risk of glioma.

• #34 Dietary patterns in relation to glioma: a case–control study | Cancer & Metabolism | Full Text

  https://cancerandmetabolism.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40170-024-00336-4

  Although dietary patterns have been examined in relation to several health-related outcomes including cancers, few studies are available assessing the link between major dietary patterns and glioma. […] We found that high protein, vegetarian and western dietary pattern were significantly associated with glioma risk. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings. […] In this case-control study, we found that greater adherence to vegetarian dietary pattern and high-protein dietary pattern was associated with decreased risk of glioma, while consumption of western dietary pattern was associated with a higher risk of glioma. […] According to our findings, greater adherence to high protein dietary pattern was associated with 53% decreased risk of glioma. […] In the current study, we found a significant association between vegetarian dietary pattern and risk of glioma; so that greater adherence to vegetarian dietary pattern was associated with a decreased risk of glioma.

• #35 Dietary patterns in relation to glioma: a case–control study | Cancer & Metabolism | Full Text

  https://cancerandmetabolism.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40170-024-00336-4

  We found a significant positive association between western dietary pattern and risk of glioma. […] The protective associations of a high protein dietary pattern against glioma might be attributed to the beneficial components of this pattern. […] Several physiological mechanisms can be regarded for the inverse association between vegetarian dietary pattern and risk of glioma. […] The positive association between western dietary pattern and risk of glioma can be attributed to the components of this pattern, e.g. refined grains, sugar and soft drinks. […] In conclusion, we found a protective association between vegetarian dietary pattern and also high protein dietary pattern and risk of glioma. On the other hand, a positive association was observed between western dietary pattern and odds of glioma. Further studies, especially of a prospective design, are needed to confirm these findings.

• #36

  https://journals.lww.com/10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000629

  Limited evidence exists regarding the association between dietary calcium intake and risk of glioma. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between dietary calcium intake and risk of glioma in Iranian adults. Higher dietary intake of calcium was associated with younger age, long duration of cell phone use, and frequent canned foods intake. After taking age, sex, and energy intake into account, participants with the greatest dietary calcium intake had 84% lower odds of glioma than those with the lowest intake [odds ratio (OR): 0.16; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.070.37]. We found an inverse protective association between high dietary calcium intake and odds of glioma. Further prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.

• #37 Encouraging probiotics for the prevention and treatment of immune-related adverse events in novel immunotherapies against malignant glioma

  https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/etat/Article/1002114

  Gut microbiota may also affect the development of glioma. […] Several evidences have shown a solid connection between gut microbiota and CNS in pathological and/or physiological situations. […] The composition of gut microbiota could affect mood, behavior, and cognition via the production or modulation of several neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, and/or gamma-aminobutyric acid. […] These neurotransmitters in turn could modulate the function of brain. […] In addition, neurotransmitters have been shown to be linked with the uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells. […] Mechanistically, the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway has been revealed to be possibly activated under the stress conditions for the proliferation of cancer cells.

• #38 Encouraging probiotics for the prevention and treatment of immune-related adverse events in novel immunotherapies against malignant glioma

  https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/etat/Article/1002114

  Gut microbiota may also affect the development of glioma. […] Several evidences have shown a solid connection between gut microbiota and CNS in pathological and/or physiological situations. […] The composition of gut microbiota could affect mood, behavior, and cognition via the production or modulation of several neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, and/or gamma-aminobutyric acid. […] These neurotransmitters in turn could modulate the function of brain. […] In addition, neurotransmitters have been shown to be linked with the uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells. […] Mechanistically, the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway has been revealed to be possibly activated under the stress conditions for the proliferation of cancer cells.

• #39 Encouraging probiotics for the prevention and treatment of immune-related adverse events in novel immunotherapies against malignant glioma

  https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/etat/Article/1002114

  Gut microbiota may also affect the development of glioma. […] Several evidences have shown a solid connection between gut microbiota and CNS in pathological and/or physiological situations. […] The composition of gut microbiota could affect mood, behavior, and cognition via the production or modulation of several neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, and/or gamma-aminobutyric acid. […] These neurotransmitters in turn could modulate the function of brain. […] In addition, neurotransmitters have been shown to be linked with the uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells. […] Mechanistically, the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway has been revealed to be possibly activated under the stress conditions for the proliferation of cancer cells.

• #40 Encouraging probiotics for the prevention and treatment of immune-related adverse events in novel immunotherapies against malignant glioma

  https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/etat/Article/1002114

  In fact, several studies have documented a role for the gut microbiota in the development of certain tumors. […] For example, antibiotic treatment through a gut microbiota-immune-microglia axis has concerned with a pro-inflammatory pathway leading to the increased growth of glioma. […] An altered gut-immunebrain communication might contribute to bring a tumor-tolerant CNS microenvironment, which helps glioma development. […] In addition, it has been reported that gut microbiota could impact on microglial phenotype in brain, with a shift toward a more immune-suppressive and/or tumorigenic condition. […] Furthermore, gut microbiota may be related to the growth of various tumors, suggesting that the identification of gut microbiota could be a tool for the diagnosis of brain tumors. […] Through the reduction of cytotoxic NK cells, chronic treatment with antibiotics could stimulate the growth of glioma.

• #41 Encouraging probiotics for the prevention and treatment of immune-related adverse events in novel immunotherapies against malignant glioma

  https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/etat/Article/1002114

  In fact, several studies have documented a role for the gut microbiota in the development of certain tumors. […] For example, antibiotic treatment through a gut microbiota-immune-microglia axis has concerned with a pro-inflammatory pathway leading to the increased growth of glioma. […] An altered gut-immunebrain communication might contribute to bring a tumor-tolerant CNS microenvironment, which helps glioma development. […] In addition, it has been reported that gut microbiota could impact on microglial phenotype in brain, with a shift toward a more immune-suppressive and/or tumorigenic condition. […] Furthermore, gut microbiota may be related to the growth of various tumors, suggesting that the identification of gut microbiota could be a tool for the diagnosis of brain tumors. […] Through the reduction of cytotoxic NK cells, chronic treatment with antibiotics could stimulate the growth of glioma.

• #42 Encouraging probiotics for the prevention and treatment of immune-related adverse events in novel immunotherapies against malignant glioma

  https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/etat/Article/1002114

  In fact, several studies have documented a role for the gut microbiota in the development of certain tumors. […] For example, antibiotic treatment through a gut microbiota-immune-microglia axis has concerned with a pro-inflammatory pathway leading to the increased growth of glioma. […] An altered gut-immunebrain communication might contribute to bring a tumor-tolerant CNS microenvironment, which helps glioma development. […] In addition, it has been reported that gut microbiota could impact on microglial phenotype in brain, with a shift toward a more immune-suppressive and/or tumorigenic condition. […] Furthermore, gut microbiota may be related to the growth of various tumors, suggesting that the identification of gut microbiota could be a tool for the diagnosis of brain tumors. […] Through the reduction of cytotoxic NK cells, chronic treatment with antibiotics could stimulate the growth of glioma.

• #43 Encouraging probiotics for the prevention and treatment of immune-related adverse events in novel immunotherapies against malignant glioma

  https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/etat/Article/1002114

  In addition, evidences have demonstrated the role of gut-dysbiosis in promoting inflammatory responses and/or cancer initiation, which is a remarkable change in the balance of bacterial ecosystem that could favor chronic inflammation and/or immunosuppression. […] It has been hypothesized that there is a link between the gut microbiota and the development of glioblastoma through the immune regulation. […] In fact, the metabolic regulation of glioma has been shown on the environment through gut microbiota, which could impact on the prognosis of patients. […] Possibly, altered metabolites from gut microbiota might affect systemic and/or CNS immunity. […] In fact, alterations of the microbiota-composition could contribute to the growth of glioma by weakening the immune condition of brain.

• #44 Encouraging probiotics for the prevention and treatment of immune-related adverse events in novel immunotherapies against malignant glioma

  https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/etat/Article/1002114

  Another study has demonstrated that glioma can also induce alterations in the microbiota. […] Moreover, a diversity of the gut microbiota with glioma patients has been shown to be different from that of healthy subjects. […] All together, these studies demonstrate that the bidirectional axis between the gut and the brain may be a determinant of the glioma biology. […] Therefore, gut microbiota could be a significant theranostic tool in glioma.

• #45 Encouraging probiotics for the prevention and treatment of immune-related adverse events in novel immunotherapies against malignant glioma

  https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/etat/Article/1002114

  Another study has demonstrated that glioma can also induce alterations in the microbiota. […] Moreover, a diversity of the gut microbiota with glioma patients has been shown to be different from that of healthy subjects. […] All together, these studies demonstrate that the bidirectional axis between the gut and the brain may be a determinant of the glioma biology. […] Therefore, gut microbiota could be a significant theranostic tool in glioma.

• #46

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7716178/

  Patients with primary brain tumors often experience seizures, which can be the presenting symptom or occur for the first time at any point along the illness trajectory. […] The role of prophylactic AEDs in seizure-naive patients remains controversial. […] Preventing the onset of tumor-associated epilepsy in this population is desirable because it would avoid physical and psychological trauma, caregiver burden, and health care costs associated with seizures. […] To date, the evidence available has failed to demonstrate that any AED reduces the long-term risk of new-onset seizures in patients with brain tumors. […] Lack of demonstrated efficacy in tumor patients and the adverse effects associated with their use support our recommendation against the use of long-term prophylactic AEDs in this setting.

• #47 SPRING – Seizure PRophylaxis IN Glioma – Health Research Authority

  https://www.hra.nhs.uk/planning-and-improving-research/application-summaries/research-summaries/spring-seizure-prophylaxis-in-glioma/

  The most common type of primary brain tumour is called a cerebral glioma; around 6000 new cases are reported in the UK each year. 20% of patients who are suspected to have this type of tumour will develop seizures which need to be treated with anti-epileptic drugs before surgery. Of the remaining patients who go on to have surgery 30-50% will develop seizures and need to take anti-epileptic drugs post-surgery or later on. […] People with a tumour that have had a seizure are given an anti-epileptic drug (AED). It is unclear if patients who have never had a seizure should be given an AED to prevent them occurring. Currently in the UK, some doctors prescribe AEDs to patients before surgery, whilst others do not. We need to find out whether an AED is needed, and at what dose, so that we can give up to date evidence based guidance to neuro-surgeons and patients and provide the best treatment for patients. […] This is a two arm study, patients will be randomly allocated on a 1:1 basis either Levetiracetam or no anti epileptic treatment.

• #48

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7716178/

  Patients with primary brain tumors often experience seizures, which can be the presenting symptom or occur for the first time at any point along the illness trajectory. […] The role of prophylactic AEDs in seizure-naive patients remains controversial. […] Preventing the onset of tumor-associated epilepsy in this population is desirable because it would avoid physical and psychological trauma, caregiver burden, and health care costs associated with seizures. […] To date, the evidence available has failed to demonstrate that any AED reduces the long-term risk of new-onset seizures in patients with brain tumors. […] Lack of demonstrated efficacy in tumor patients and the adverse effects associated with their use support our recommendation against the use of long-term prophylactic AEDs in this setting.

• #49 Post-operative seizure prophylaxis in gliomas – Neal – Translational Cancer Research

  https://tcr.amegroups.org/article/view/15198/html

  The role of prophylactic anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) in patients with brain tumours in the post-operative period is a vexed issue. Post-operative prophylaxis can be dichotomised into short term peri-operative prophylaxis lasting 12 weeks and longer-term prophylaxis lasting several months. […] Overall, it was concluded that there was limited evidence to support AED prophylaxis post craniotomy. […] However, these trials used older AEDs, included non-glioma pathologies and often examined the period after diagnosis, rather than strictly post-craniotomy. […] Given the controversy in this area, prophylactic AED use is still quite widespread. […] The role of short term peri-operative prophylaxis has been best examined by two RCTs, one large retrospective study and by the more recent analysis by Dewan and colleagues.

• #50

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7716178/

  Patients with primary brain tumors often experience seizures, which can be the presenting symptom or occur for the first time at any point along the illness trajectory. […] The role of prophylactic AEDs in seizure-naive patients remains controversial. […] Preventing the onset of tumor-associated epilepsy in this population is desirable because it would avoid physical and psychological trauma, caregiver burden, and health care costs associated with seizures. […] To date, the evidence available has failed to demonstrate that any AED reduces the long-term risk of new-onset seizures in patients with brain tumors. […] Lack of demonstrated efficacy in tumor patients and the adverse effects associated with their use support our recommendation against the use of long-term prophylactic AEDs in this setting.

• #51

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7716178/

  Nearly 20 years ago, the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) endorsed a practice parameter that discouraged prophylactic AEDs in patients with newly diagnosed brain tumors and recommended tapering or discontinuing perioperative AEDs 7 days after resection. […] Despite the lack of evidence supporting prophylaxis, the AAN guidelines have not been widely adopted in practice. […] The authors hypothesize this may be due to prescribing inertia, in that it is simpler to continue a drug than it is to discuss stopping a drug another physician has started. […] More studies in the era of second-generation AEDs are needed to investigate the role of long-term AED prophylaxis in patients with brain tumors. […] Currently, however, there is no conclusive evidence, prospective or otherwise, that AEDs prevent or delay the onset of first seizure. […] Until we have this evidence that AED prophylaxis effectively prevents or reduces the severity of tumor-associated seizures with an acceptable toxicity profile, the prophylactic use of AEDs in patients with brain tumors is not indicated.

• #52 Post-operative seizure prophylaxis in gliomas – Neal – Translational Cancer Research

  https://tcr.amegroups.org/article/view/15198/html

  The role of prophylactic anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) in patients with brain tumours in the post-operative period is a vexed issue. Post-operative prophylaxis can be dichotomised into short term peri-operative prophylaxis lasting 12 weeks and longer-term prophylaxis lasting several months. […] Overall, it was concluded that there was limited evidence to support AED prophylaxis post craniotomy. […] However, these trials used older AEDs, included non-glioma pathologies and often examined the period after diagnosis, rather than strictly post-craniotomy. […] Given the controversy in this area, prophylactic AED use is still quite widespread. […] The role of short term peri-operative prophylaxis has been best examined by two RCTs, one large retrospective study and by the more recent analysis by Dewan and colleagues.

• #53

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7716178/

  Nearly 20 years ago, the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) endorsed a practice parameter that discouraged prophylactic AEDs in patients with newly diagnosed brain tumors and recommended tapering or discontinuing perioperative AEDs 7 days after resection. […] Despite the lack of evidence supporting prophylaxis, the AAN guidelines have not been widely adopted in practice. […] The authors hypothesize this may be due to prescribing inertia, in that it is simpler to continue a drug than it is to discuss stopping a drug another physician has started. […] More studies in the era of second-generation AEDs are needed to investigate the role of long-term AED prophylaxis in patients with brain tumors. […] Currently, however, there is no conclusive evidence, prospective or otherwise, that AEDs prevent or delay the onset of first seizure. […] Until we have this evidence that AED prophylaxis effectively prevents or reduces the severity of tumor-associated seizures with an acceptable toxicity profile, the prophylactic use of AEDs in patients with brain tumors is not indicated.

• #54

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6664612/

  Despite these limitations, we feel that our findings are an accurate reflection of our experiences in the neuro-oncology clinics and in agreement with previous studies. […] We plan to assess the impact of these interventions in a follow-up study. […] In our tertiary care center, perioperative and long-term prophylactic AED use is high, deviating from current AAN practice parameters and more recent literature. Corrective measures are hence necessary.

• #55

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7716178/

  Nearly 20 years ago, the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) endorsed a practice parameter that discouraged prophylactic AEDs in patients with newly diagnosed brain tumors and recommended tapering or discontinuing perioperative AEDs 7 days after resection. […] Despite the lack of evidence supporting prophylaxis, the AAN guidelines have not been widely adopted in practice. […] The authors hypothesize this may be due to prescribing inertia, in that it is simpler to continue a drug than it is to discuss stopping a drug another physician has started. […] More studies in the era of second-generation AEDs are needed to investigate the role of long-term AED prophylaxis in patients with brain tumors. […] Currently, however, there is no conclusive evidence, prospective or otherwise, that AEDs prevent or delay the onset of first seizure. […] Until we have this evidence that AED prophylaxis effectively prevents or reduces the severity of tumor-associated seizures with an acceptable toxicity profile, the prophylactic use of AEDs in patients with brain tumors is not indicated.

• #56

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7716178/

  Patients with primary brain tumors often experience seizures, which can be the presenting symptom or occur for the first time at any point along the illness trajectory. […] The role of prophylactic AEDs in seizure-naive patients remains controversial. […] Preventing the onset of tumor-associated epilepsy in this population is desirable because it would avoid physical and psychological trauma, caregiver burden, and health care costs associated with seizures. […] To date, the evidence available has failed to demonstrate that any AED reduces the long-term risk of new-onset seizures in patients with brain tumors. […] Lack of demonstrated efficacy in tumor patients and the adverse effects associated with their use support our recommendation against the use of long-term prophylactic AEDs in this setting.

• #57

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7716178/

  Patients with primary brain tumors often experience seizures, which can be the presenting symptom or occur for the first time at any point along the illness trajectory. […] The role of prophylactic AEDs in seizure-naive patients remains controversial. […] Preventing the onset of tumor-associated epilepsy in this population is desirable because it would avoid physical and psychological trauma, caregiver burden, and health care costs associated with seizures. […] To date, the evidence available has failed to demonstrate that any AED reduces the long-term risk of new-onset seizures in patients with brain tumors. […] Lack of demonstrated efficacy in tumor patients and the adverse effects associated with their use support our recommendation against the use of long-term prophylactic AEDs in this setting.

• #58 Post-operative seizure prophylaxis in gliomas – Neal – Translational Cancer Research

  https://tcr.amegroups.org/article/view/15198/html

  In this large retrospective analysis, Dewan et al. have shown that peri-operative levetiracetam does not influence both the early post-operative seizure rate or hospital quality metrics. […] Taken together, early post-operative seizures are uncommon in gliomas undergoing resection and the evidence is conflicting on whether AED prophylaxis prevents peri-operative seizures. […] However, it is important to remain mindful of the potential harm associated with prophylaxis, even for a well-tolerated drug such as levetiracetam. […] What is clear, is that further evidence from good quality prospective trials is required to ascertain the effectiveness of AED compared to placebo in preventing post-operative tumour associated epilepsy in patients without pre-operative seizure. […] In addition, identifying high-risk groups for post-operative seizure will help individualise the use of AED prophylaxis. […] For the time being though, the question of AED prophylaxis in gliomas is still not definitively answered, but as Dewan and colleagues point out with such a well-tolerated drug in levetiracetam, if even a miniscule protective effect is believed, the use of AED prophylaxis will probably resume.

• #59 Post-operative seizure prophylaxis in gliomas – Neal – Translational Cancer Research

  https://tcr.amegroups.org/article/view/15198/html

  In this large retrospective analysis, Dewan et al. have shown that peri-operative levetiracetam does not influence both the early post-operative seizure rate or hospital quality metrics. […] Taken together, early post-operative seizures are uncommon in gliomas undergoing resection and the evidence is conflicting on whether AED prophylaxis prevents peri-operative seizures. […] However, it is important to remain mindful of the potential harm associated with prophylaxis, even for a well-tolerated drug such as levetiracetam. […] What is clear, is that further evidence from good quality prospective trials is required to ascertain the effectiveness of AED compared to placebo in preventing post-operative tumour associated epilepsy in patients without pre-operative seizure. […] In addition, identifying high-risk groups for post-operative seizure will help individualise the use of AED prophylaxis. […] For the time being though, the question of AED prophylaxis in gliomas is still not definitively answered, but as Dewan and colleagues point out with such a well-tolerated drug in levetiracetam, if even a miniscule protective effect is believed, the use of AED prophylaxis will probably resume.

• #60

  https://journals.lww.com/neur/fulltext/2013/61020/a_retrospective_two_center_study_of_antiepileptic.7.aspx

  The effectiveness of antiepileptic prophylaxis in patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma is debated. […] We conclude that AEDs prophylaxis does not provide a substantial benefit to surgically treated high-grade glioma patients and should not be administered routinely. […] Antiepileptic prophylaxis in patients with intracranial tumors is still a matter of debate. In this specific category of patients with high-grade gliomas undergoing craniotomy, AED prophylaxis should not be administered routinely. Further investigations detecting subgroups of patients at higher risk of developing seizures post-operatively (i.e. younger patients) are welcome in order to selectively administer AED prophylaxis.

• #61 Frontiers | Case Report: “Aggressive” perioperative antiseizure medication prophylaxis in patients with glioma-related epilepsy at high risk of early postoperative seizures following awake craniotomy

  https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/surgery/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2023.1282013/full

  Therefore, some patients could benefit from treatment. […] Significantly, there are no guidelines regarding the use of perioperative ASM prophylaxis beyond baseline ASM therapy in preventing EPS among high-risk patients with tumor-related epilepsy. […] Our case illustrates that adjusting maintenance ASMs and a brief course of perioperative ASM prophylaxis can potentially prevent EPS, including pSE, thereby significantly lowering morbidity, mortality, and duration of hospital stays associated with EPS among high-risk patients undergoing repeat brain tumor surgeries with DES. […] For these patients, it would be imperative to consider preoperative maintenance ASM dose optimization and a brief use of adjunct intraoperative intravenous loading of ASM with a brief postoperative treatment course, to reduce the risk of EPS and subsequent morbidity, including prolonged hospitalizations and persistent postoperative neurological deficits that may delay the initiation of further tumor treatment, including chemotherapy.

• #62 Frontiers | Case Report: “Aggressive” perioperative antiseizure medication prophylaxis in patients with glioma-related epilepsy at high risk of early postoperative seizures following awake craniotomy

  https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/surgery/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2023.1282013/full

  Early postoperative seizures (EPS) are a common complication of brain tumor surgery. EPS can lead to hemorrhage, cerebral hypoxia, increased intracranial pressure, longer hospitalization, reduced quality of life, decreased overall survival, and increased morbidity. […] However, there are no formal guidelines on perioperative antiseizure medication (ASM) management in patients with tumor-related epilepsy who are deemed high risk for EPS. […] Our case illustrates that aggressive perioperative prophylactic ASM therapy beyond the maintenance ASM regimen can be considered in patients with tumor-related epilepsy at risk of EPS. […] Therefore, understanding the cases of those at higher risk of EPS is crucial, because an intervention with antiseizure medication (ASM) treatment to prevent EPS could have potential implications on outcomes.

• #63 Frontiers | Case Report: “Aggressive” perioperative antiseizure medication prophylaxis in patients with glioma-related epilepsy at high risk of early postoperative seizures following awake craniotomy

  https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/surgery/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2023.1282013/full

  Early postoperative seizures (EPS) are a common complication of brain tumor surgery. EPS can lead to hemorrhage, cerebral hypoxia, increased intracranial pressure, longer hospitalization, reduced quality of life, decreased overall survival, and increased morbidity. […] However, there are no formal guidelines on perioperative antiseizure medication (ASM) management in patients with tumor-related epilepsy who are deemed high risk for EPS. […] Our case illustrates that aggressive perioperative prophylactic ASM therapy beyond the maintenance ASM regimen can be considered in patients with tumor-related epilepsy at risk of EPS. […] Therefore, understanding the cases of those at higher risk of EPS is crucial, because an intervention with antiseizure medication (ASM) treatment to prevent EPS could have potential implications on outcomes.

• #64 Frontiers | Case Report: “Aggressive” perioperative antiseizure medication prophylaxis in patients with glioma-related epilepsy at high risk of early postoperative seizures following awake craniotomy

  https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/surgery/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2023.1282013/full

  Early postoperative seizures (EPS) are a common complication of brain tumor surgery. EPS can lead to hemorrhage, cerebral hypoxia, increased intracranial pressure, longer hospitalization, reduced quality of life, decreased overall survival, and increased morbidity. […] However, there are no formal guidelines on perioperative antiseizure medication (ASM) management in patients with tumor-related epilepsy who are deemed high risk for EPS. […] Our case illustrates that aggressive perioperative prophylactic ASM therapy beyond the maintenance ASM regimen can be considered in patients with tumor-related epilepsy at risk of EPS. […] Therefore, understanding the cases of those at higher risk of EPS is crucial, because an intervention with antiseizure medication (ASM) treatment to prevent EPS could have potential implications on outcomes.

• #65 Frontiers | Case Report: “Aggressive” perioperative antiseizure medication prophylaxis in patients with glioma-related epilepsy at high risk of early postoperative seizures following awake craniotomy

  https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/surgery/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2023.1282013/full

  Early postoperative seizures (EPS) are a common complication of brain tumor surgery. EPS can lead to hemorrhage, cerebral hypoxia, increased intracranial pressure, longer hospitalization, reduced quality of life, decreased overall survival, and increased morbidity. […] However, there are no formal guidelines on perioperative antiseizure medication (ASM) management in patients with tumor-related epilepsy who are deemed high risk for EPS. […] Our case illustrates that aggressive perioperative prophylactic ASM therapy beyond the maintenance ASM regimen can be considered in patients with tumor-related epilepsy at risk of EPS. […] Therefore, understanding the cases of those at higher risk of EPS is crucial, because an intervention with antiseizure medication (ASM) treatment to prevent EPS could have potential implications on outcomes.

• #66 Frontiers | Case Report: “Aggressive” perioperative antiseizure medication prophylaxis in patients with glioma-related epilepsy at high risk of early postoperative seizures following awake craniotomy

  https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/surgery/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2023.1282013/full

  Therefore, some patients could benefit from treatment. […] Significantly, there are no guidelines regarding the use of perioperative ASM prophylaxis beyond baseline ASM therapy in preventing EPS among high-risk patients with tumor-related epilepsy. […] Our case illustrates that adjusting maintenance ASMs and a brief course of perioperative ASM prophylaxis can potentially prevent EPS, including pSE, thereby significantly lowering morbidity, mortality, and duration of hospital stays associated with EPS among high-risk patients undergoing repeat brain tumor surgeries with DES. […] For these patients, it would be imperative to consider preoperative maintenance ASM dose optimization and a brief use of adjunct intraoperative intravenous loading of ASM with a brief postoperative treatment course, to reduce the risk of EPS and subsequent morbidity, including prolonged hospitalizations and persistent postoperative neurological deficits that may delay the initiation of further tumor treatment, including chemotherapy.

• #67 Frontiers | Case Report: “Aggressive” perioperative antiseizure medication prophylaxis in patients with glioma-related epilepsy at high risk of early postoperative seizures following awake craniotomy

  https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/surgery/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2023.1282013/full

  Prevention of EPS can shorten the length of stay and influence the quality of care during hospitalization. Future prospective studies are needed to evaluate prophylactic preoperative ASM dosing optimization and perioperative ASM loading in high-risk patients undergoing craniotomy to prevent EPS and its associated morbidity.

• #68 Frontiers | Case Report: “Aggressive” perioperative antiseizure medication prophylaxis in patients with glioma-related epilepsy at high risk of early postoperative seizures following awake craniotomy

  https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/surgery/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2023.1282013/full

  Prevention of EPS can shorten the length of stay and influence the quality of care during hospitalization. Future prospective studies are needed to evaluate prophylactic preoperative ASM dosing optimization and perioperative ASM loading in high-risk patients undergoing craniotomy to prevent EPS and its associated morbidity.

• #69 SPRING – Seizure Prophylaxis IN Glioma

  https://fundingawards.nihr.ac.uk/award/16/31/136

  Gliomas are the most common type of primary brain tumour, with about 6000 new cases each year in the UK. 1 in 5 patients (20%) with a suspected glioma will present with an epileptic seizure & be treated with an anti-epileptic drug (AED). Up to half of these patients will develop epilepsy requiring AED over their lifetime. AEDs prevent seizures in 50% of patients with epilepsy and reduce frequency and severity of seizures in a further 20-30%. […] Currently, some doctors prescribe AEDs to patients before neurosurgery for tumours, whilst others do not. We need to find out whether AED is effective and worthwhile, to give the best advice to surgeons & patients in future. […] The newer AED, levetiracetam, has fewer side effects & does not interfere with chemotherapy drugs. There is a balance of potential advantages & disadvantages for prescribing prophylactic levetiracetam.

• #70 SPRING – Seizure PRophylaxis IN Glioma – Health Research Authority

  https://www.hra.nhs.uk/planning-and-improving-research/application-summaries/research-summaries/spring-seizure-prophylaxis-in-glioma/

  The most common type of primary brain tumour is called a cerebral glioma; around 6000 new cases are reported in the UK each year. 20% of patients who are suspected to have this type of tumour will develop seizures which need to be treated with anti-epileptic drugs before surgery. Of the remaining patients who go on to have surgery 30-50% will develop seizures and need to take anti-epileptic drugs post-surgery or later on. […] People with a tumour that have had a seizure are given an anti-epileptic drug (AED). It is unclear if patients who have never had a seizure should be given an AED to prevent them occurring. Currently in the UK, some doctors prescribe AEDs to patients before surgery, whilst others do not. We need to find out whether an AED is needed, and at what dose, so that we can give up to date evidence based guidance to neuro-surgeons and patients and provide the best treatment for patients. […] This is a two arm study, patients will be randomly allocated on a 1:1 basis either Levetiracetam or no anti epileptic treatment.

• #71 Glioma: What Is It, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Outlook

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21969-glioma

  Most risk factors for gliomas, such as age and race, arent controllable. But early detection and treatment of low-grade gliomas may slow or prevent their progression into high-grade gliomas. If brain tumors run in your family, you may want to consider genetic testing. Talk to your healthcare provider or a genetic counselor about the risks and benefits of genetic testing. […] It is also a good idea to: […] Limit radiation exposure to your head. […] Maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

• #72 Are Gliomas Preventable? | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-37696-5_18

  Gliomas are a family of primary central nervous system tumors of variable malignancy that are derived from supporting glia (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells) or their progenitors/stem cells. There are two potential strategies to prevention: preventing gliomas from forming and preventing lower-grade gliomas from developing into higher-grade gliomas. […] Each also depends on an understanding of what causes gliomas so that these factors can be modulated. In this presentation, I will discuss primary prevention, chemoprevention, and screening. […] The basic thinking is that if one could prevent specific gene mutations and/or deletions or gains of specific chromosomes that lead to the development of low-grade (WHO 2) gliomas, then theoretically this would reduce the occurrence of high-grade (WHO 3 and 4) gliomas and hence the almost certain death that now is the fate of most patients with these tumors.

• #73 Are Gliomas Preventable? | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-37696-5_18

  In the case of de novo WHO 3 and 4 tumors, being able to prevent or counter specific gene mutations and/or the deletion of specific chromosomes would in itself reduce the occurrence of these gliomas and increase survival. […] Alternatively, a curative treatment for low-grade glioma that prevents these chromosomal/gene changes would prevent some glioblastomas (WHO 4) from forming and would have the same desired effect on survival.

• #74 Are Gliomas Preventable? | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-37696-5_18

  In the case of de novo WHO 3 and 4 tumors, being able to prevent or counter specific gene mutations and/or the deletion of specific chromosomes would in itself reduce the occurrence of these gliomas and increase survival. […] Alternatively, a curative treatment for low-grade glioma that prevents these chromosomal/gene changes would prevent some glioblastomas (WHO 4) from forming and would have the same desired effect on survival.

• #75 Essential Gene Pathways for Glioblastoma Stem Cells: Clinical Implications for Prevention of Tumor Recurrence

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/3/2/1975

  Essential Gene Pathways for Glioblastoma Stem Cells: Clinical Implications for Prevention of Tumor Recurrence […] To prevent tumor recurrence, a strategy targeting essential gene pathways of GSC must be identified and incorporated into the standard treatment regimen. […] Thus, identifying and verifying intrinsic pathways and extrinsic cues by which GSC sustain self-renewal and anti-apoptotic features to support continuous tumor growth after standard treatments will facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies to diminish the recurrence rate of glioblastoma tumor. […] In order to prevent post-treatment tumor recurrence, a treatment targeting essential gene pathways for GSC must be incorporated into current therapeutic modalities. […] In order to eradicate a tumor, a therapeutic strategy that disrupts GSC signaling pathways must be developed to be fully integrated into radio-chemotherapy in order to target both GSC and non-GSC populations.

• #76 Essential Gene Pathways for Glioblastoma Stem Cells: Clinical Implications for Prevention of Tumor Recurrence

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/3/2/1975

  Essential Gene Pathways for Glioblastoma Stem Cells: Clinical Implications for Prevention of Tumor Recurrence […] To prevent tumor recurrence, a strategy targeting essential gene pathways of GSC must be identified and incorporated into the standard treatment regimen. […] Thus, identifying and verifying intrinsic pathways and extrinsic cues by which GSC sustain self-renewal and anti-apoptotic features to support continuous tumor growth after standard treatments will facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies to diminish the recurrence rate of glioblastoma tumor. […] In order to prevent post-treatment tumor recurrence, a treatment targeting essential gene pathways for GSC must be incorporated into current therapeutic modalities. […] In order to eradicate a tumor, a therapeutic strategy that disrupts GSC signaling pathways must be developed to be fully integrated into radio-chemotherapy in order to target both GSC and non-GSC populations.

• #77 Essential Gene Pathways for Glioblastoma Stem Cells: Clinical Implications for Prevention of Tumor Recurrence

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/3/2/1975

  Essential Gene Pathways for Glioblastoma Stem Cells: Clinical Implications for Prevention of Tumor Recurrence […] To prevent tumor recurrence, a strategy targeting essential gene pathways of GSC must be identified and incorporated into the standard treatment regimen. […] Thus, identifying and verifying intrinsic pathways and extrinsic cues by which GSC sustain self-renewal and anti-apoptotic features to support continuous tumor growth after standard treatments will facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies to diminish the recurrence rate of glioblastoma tumor. […] In order to prevent post-treatment tumor recurrence, a treatment targeting essential gene pathways for GSC must be incorporated into current therapeutic modalities. […] In order to eradicate a tumor, a therapeutic strategy that disrupts GSC signaling pathways must be developed to be fully integrated into radio-chemotherapy in order to target both GSC and non-GSC populations.

• #78 ScholarWorks @ UTRGV – Research Symposium: Uncovering the Mechanisms of Glioblastoma Relapse Prevention with Niclosamide and Camptothecin Treatment

  https://scholarworks.utrgv.edu/somrs/2025/posters/21/

  Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and lethal malignant primary brain tumor for which the development of efficacious chemotherapeutic agents remains an urgent need. […] The combination of niclosamide and CPT exhibits potent and sustained anti-proliferative effects on GBM cells, mediated through enhanced apoptosis. These findings highlight its potential as a promising therapeutic strategy for GBM.

• #79 Efficacy and Safety of Rivaroxaban in the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Glioma Patients – National Brain Tumor Society

  https://trials.braintumor.org/trials/NCT06196918

  Glioma is a common brain tumor with a high risk of venous thromboembolism during treatment, especially in the months after surgery. […] Given the lack of prospective supporting data, the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in the prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism in glioma patients with postoperative lower extremity dyskinesia need to be established. […] Therefore, it is necessary to prevent venous thromboembolism for patients with high-grade glioma with lower extremity dysfunction after surgery. […] In summary, in view of the current lack of research on postoperative prophylactic anticoagulation therapy in patients with glioma, our center plans to lead a multi-center, randomized, double-blind controlled prospective clinical trial in glioma patients with lower limb dysfunction after surgery. To determine whether the addition of rivaroxaban has a more active preventive effect on postoperative venous thromboembolism, and to explore the safety of rivaroxaban in preventing postoperative venous thromboembolism in glioma patients lower limb dysfunction.

• #80 Efficacy and Safety of Rivaroxaban in the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Glioma Patients – National Brain Tumor Society

  https://trials.braintumor.org/trials/NCT06196918

  Glioma is a common brain tumor with a high risk of venous thromboembolism during treatment, especially in the months after surgery. […] Given the lack of prospective supporting data, the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in the prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism in glioma patients with postoperative lower extremity dyskinesia need to be established. […] Therefore, it is necessary to prevent venous thromboembolism for patients with high-grade glioma with lower extremity dysfunction after surgery. […] In summary, in view of the current lack of research on postoperative prophylactic anticoagulation therapy in patients with glioma, our center plans to lead a multi-center, randomized, double-blind controlled prospective clinical trial in glioma patients with lower limb dysfunction after surgery. To determine whether the addition of rivaroxaban has a more active preventive effect on postoperative venous thromboembolism, and to explore the safety of rivaroxaban in preventing postoperative venous thromboembolism in glioma patients lower limb dysfunction.

• #81 Efficacy and Safety of Rivaroxaban in the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Glioma Patients – National Brain Tumor Society

  https://trials.braintumor.org/trials/NCT06196918

  Glioma is a common brain tumor with a high risk of venous thromboembolism during treatment, especially in the months after surgery. […] Given the lack of prospective supporting data, the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban in the prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism in glioma patients with postoperative lower extremity dyskinesia need to be established. […] Therefore, it is necessary to prevent venous thromboembolism for patients with high-grade glioma with lower extremity dysfunction after surgery. […] In summary, in view of the current lack of research on postoperative prophylactic anticoagulation therapy in patients with glioma, our center plans to lead a multi-center, randomized, double-blind controlled prospective clinical trial in glioma patients with lower limb dysfunction after surgery. To determine whether the addition of rivaroxaban has a more active preventive effect on postoperative venous thromboembolism, and to explore the safety of rivaroxaban in preventing postoperative venous thromboembolism in glioma patients lower limb dysfunction.

• #82 Strategies for the Prevention of Complications in Brain Glioma Surgery: A Case Series Analysis | Journal of Applied Health Sciences

  https://jahs.eu/strategies-for-the-prevention-of-complications-in-brain-glioma-surgery-a-case-series-analysis/

  Introduction: Brain glioma is the most common and lethal primary malignant intracranial tumor. […] However, excessive surgery brings a danger of neurological, regional and systemic complications, which may be diminished avoided by better pre- and intra-operative care and by modern neurosurgical techniques. […] Aim: To analyze the incidence and type of peri- and post-operative complications in surgical brain glioma patients. Computing the results, advice on complication prevention was made. […] Conclusion: Aggressive surgery requires the avoidance of complications by cautious patient selection, multidisciplinary preoperative planning, and scrupulous neurosurgical technique augmented by up-to-date armamentarium.

• #83 Strategies for the Prevention of Complications in Brain Glioma Surgery: A Case Series Analysis | Journal of Applied Health Sciences

  https://jahs.eu/strategies-for-the-prevention-of-complications-in-brain-glioma-surgery-a-case-series-analysis/

  Introduction: Brain glioma is the most common and lethal primary malignant intracranial tumor. […] However, excessive surgery brings a danger of neurological, regional and systemic complications, which may be diminished avoided by better pre- and intra-operative care and by modern neurosurgical techniques. […] Aim: To analyze the incidence and type of peri- and post-operative complications in surgical brain glioma patients. Computing the results, advice on complication prevention was made. […] Conclusion: Aggressive surgery requires the avoidance of complications by cautious patient selection, multidisciplinary preoperative planning, and scrupulous neurosurgical technique augmented by up-to-date armamentarium.

• #84 Strategies for the Prevention of Complications in Brain Glioma Surgery: A Case Series Analysis | Journal of Applied Health Sciences

  https://jahs.eu/strategies-for-the-prevention-of-complications-in-brain-glioma-surgery-a-case-series-analysis/

  Introduction: Brain glioma is the most common and lethal primary malignant intracranial tumor. […] However, excessive surgery brings a danger of neurological, regional and systemic complications, which may be diminished avoided by better pre- and intra-operative care and by modern neurosurgical techniques. […] Aim: To analyze the incidence and type of peri- and post-operative complications in surgical brain glioma patients. Computing the results, advice on complication prevention was made. […] Conclusion: Aggressive surgery requires the avoidance of complications by cautious patient selection, multidisciplinary preoperative planning, and scrupulous neurosurgical technique augmented by up-to-date armamentarium.

• #85 Preventing Glioma | Expert Surgeon | Aaron Cohen-Gadol, MD

  https://www.aaroncohen-gadol.com/en/patients/glioma/natural-history/preventing

  It is natural to wonder about preventing gliomas, especially if you or a family member has been affected. This article will explore the potential risk factors for developing gliomas and address common questions about preventing brain tumors. […] Often and unfortunately, there is no way to prevent aggressive tumors like glioblastoma. However, practicing a healthy lifestyle and avoiding risk factors may reduce susceptibility. […] For the best chance to lead a healthy life, do your best to combat stress. […] Eating healthy will reduce stress, help you feel better, and improve your body’s immune system. Some people wonder if certain foods will prevent brain cancer. There is no known „super-food” that guarantees protection from cancer. However, certain foods are probably more helpful than others. […] Unfortunately, the cause and prevention of glioma are currently out of our hands. To prevent cancers, do your best to live a healthy lifestyle and alert your physician to any troubling symptoms.

• #86 Preventing Glioma | Expert Surgeon | Aaron Cohen-Gadol, MD

  https://www.aaroncohen-gadol.com/en/patients/glioma/natural-history/preventing

  It is natural to wonder about preventing gliomas, especially if you or a family member has been affected. This article will explore the potential risk factors for developing gliomas and address common questions about preventing brain tumors. […] Often and unfortunately, there is no way to prevent aggressive tumors like glioblastoma. However, practicing a healthy lifestyle and avoiding risk factors may reduce susceptibility. […] For the best chance to lead a healthy life, do your best to combat stress. […] Eating healthy will reduce stress, help you feel better, and improve your body’s immune system. Some people wonder if certain foods will prevent brain cancer. There is no known „super-food” that guarantees protection from cancer. However, certain foods are probably more helpful than others. […] Unfortunately, the cause and prevention of glioma are currently out of our hands. To prevent cancers, do your best to live a healthy lifestyle and alert your physician to any troubling symptoms.

• #87 Preventing Glioma | Expert Surgeon | Aaron Cohen-Gadol, MD

  https://www.aaroncohen-gadol.com/en/patients/glioma/natural-history/preventing

  It is natural to wonder about preventing gliomas, especially if you or a family member has been affected. This article will explore the potential risk factors for developing gliomas and address common questions about preventing brain tumors. […] Often and unfortunately, there is no way to prevent aggressive tumors like glioblastoma. However, practicing a healthy lifestyle and avoiding risk factors may reduce susceptibility. […] For the best chance to lead a healthy life, do your best to combat stress. […] Eating healthy will reduce stress, help you feel better, and improve your body’s immune system. Some people wonder if certain foods will prevent brain cancer. There is no known „super-food” that guarantees protection from cancer. However, certain foods are probably more helpful than others. […] Unfortunately, the cause and prevention of glioma are currently out of our hands. To prevent cancers, do your best to live a healthy lifestyle and alert your physician to any troubling symptoms.

• #88 Glioblastoma (GBM): What It Is, Symptoms & Prognosis

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17032-glioblastoma

  Genetic mutations that cause glioblastoma arent preventable. But early detection and treatment may slow the progression of a tumor. […] If brain tumors run in your biological family, you may want to consider genetic testing. Talk to a healthcare provider or a genetic counselor about the risks and benefits of genetic testing.

• #89 Gliomas | EBSCO Research Starters

  https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/health-and-medicine/gliomas

  While there are no established preventive measures for gliomas, avoiding radiation exposure to the head is the only recognized method of prevention. […] Avoiding radiation to the head is the only documented prevention.

• #90 Glioma | Oncoclínicas Group Glioma | Oncoclínicas Group

  https://grupooncoclinicas.com/en/all-about-cancer/types-of-cancer/glioma/

  There are no related causes or well-established and preventable risk factors for the emergence of these types of tumors. Therefore, it is currently not possible to prevent or avoid gliomas.

• #91

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7716178/

  Nearly 20 years ago, the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) endorsed a practice parameter that discouraged prophylactic AEDs in patients with newly diagnosed brain tumors and recommended tapering or discontinuing perioperative AEDs 7 days after resection. […] Despite the lack of evidence supporting prophylaxis, the AAN guidelines have not been widely adopted in practice. […] The authors hypothesize this may be due to prescribing inertia, in that it is simpler to continue a drug than it is to discuss stopping a drug another physician has started. […] More studies in the era of second-generation AEDs are needed to investigate the role of long-term AED prophylaxis in patients with brain tumors. […] Currently, however, there is no conclusive evidence, prospective or otherwise, that AEDs prevent or delay the onset of first seizure. […] Until we have this evidence that AED prophylaxis effectively prevents or reduces the severity of tumor-associated seizures with an acceptable toxicity profile, the prophylactic use of AEDs in patients with brain tumors is not indicated.

• #92 Post-operative seizure prophylaxis in gliomas – Neal – Translational Cancer Research

  https://tcr.amegroups.org/article/view/15198/html

  In this large retrospective analysis, Dewan et al. have shown that peri-operative levetiracetam does not influence both the early post-operative seizure rate or hospital quality metrics. […] Taken together, early post-operative seizures are uncommon in gliomas undergoing resection and the evidence is conflicting on whether AED prophylaxis prevents peri-operative seizures. […] However, it is important to remain mindful of the potential harm associated with prophylaxis, even for a well-tolerated drug such as levetiracetam. […] What is clear, is that further evidence from good quality prospective trials is required to ascertain the effectiveness of AED compared to placebo in preventing post-operative tumour associated epilepsy in patients without pre-operative seizure. […] In addition, identifying high-risk groups for post-operative seizure will help individualise the use of AED prophylaxis. […] For the time being though, the question of AED prophylaxis in gliomas is still not definitively answered, but as Dewan and colleagues point out with such a well-tolerated drug in levetiracetam, if even a miniscule protective effect is believed, the use of AED prophylaxis will probably resume.

• #93 Post-operative seizure prophylaxis in gliomas – Neal – Translational Cancer Research

  https://tcr.amegroups.org/article/view/15198/html

  In this large retrospective analysis, Dewan et al. have shown that peri-operative levetiracetam does not influence both the early post-operative seizure rate or hospital quality metrics. […] Taken together, early post-operative seizures are uncommon in gliomas undergoing resection and the evidence is conflicting on whether AED prophylaxis prevents peri-operative seizures. […] However, it is important to remain mindful of the potential harm associated with prophylaxis, even for a well-tolerated drug such as levetiracetam. […] What is clear, is that further evidence from good quality prospective trials is required to ascertain the effectiveness of AED compared to placebo in preventing post-operative tumour associated epilepsy in patients without pre-operative seizure. […] In addition, identifying high-risk groups for post-operative seizure will help individualise the use of AED prophylaxis. […] For the time being though, the question of AED prophylaxis in gliomas is still not definitively answered, but as Dewan and colleagues point out with such a well-tolerated drug in levetiracetam, if even a miniscule protective effect is believed, the use of AED prophylaxis will probably resume.

• #94 Frontiers | Case Report: “Aggressive” perioperative antiseizure medication prophylaxis in patients with glioma-related epilepsy at high risk of early postoperative seizures following awake craniotomy

  https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/surgery/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2023.1282013/full

  Prevention of EPS can shorten the length of stay and influence the quality of care during hospitalization. Future prospective studies are needed to evaluate prophylactic preoperative ASM dosing optimization and perioperative ASM loading in high-risk patients undergoing craniotomy to prevent EPS and its associated morbidity.

• #95 Encouraging probiotics for the prevention and treatment of immune-related adverse events in novel immunotherapies against malignant glioma

  https://www.explorationpub.com/Journals/etat/Article/1002114

  Another study has demonstrated that glioma can also induce alterations in the microbiota. […] Moreover, a diversity of the gut microbiota with glioma patients has been shown to be different from that of healthy subjects. […] All together, these studies demonstrate that the bidirectional axis between the gut and the brain may be a determinant of the glioma biology. […] Therefore, gut microbiota could be a significant theranostic tool in glioma.

• #96 Dietary patterns in relation to glioma: a case–control study | Cancer & Metabolism | Full Text

  https://cancerandmetabolism.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40170-024-00336-4

  We found a significant positive association between western dietary pattern and risk of glioma. […] The protective associations of a high protein dietary pattern against glioma might be attributed to the beneficial components of this pattern. […] Several physiological mechanisms can be regarded for the inverse association between vegetarian dietary pattern and risk of glioma. […] The positive association between western dietary pattern and risk of glioma can be attributed to the components of this pattern, e.g. refined grains, sugar and soft drinks. […] In conclusion, we found a protective association between vegetarian dietary pattern and also high protein dietary pattern and risk of glioma. On the other hand, a positive association was observed between western dietary pattern and odds of glioma. Further studies, especially of a prospective design, are needed to confirm these findings.

• #97

  https://journals.lww.com/10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000629

  Limited evidence exists regarding the association between dietary calcium intake and risk of glioma. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between dietary calcium intake and risk of glioma in Iranian adults. Higher dietary intake of calcium was associated with younger age, long duration of cell phone use, and frequent canned foods intake. After taking age, sex, and energy intake into account, participants with the greatest dietary calcium intake had 84% lower odds of glioma than those with the lowest intake [odds ratio (OR): 0.16; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.070.37]. We found an inverse protective association between high dietary calcium intake and odds of glioma. Further prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm these findings.

• #98 Diet, weight and physical activity and risk of glioma | World Cancer Research Fund

  https://www.wcrf.org/research-policy/our-research/grants-database/diet-weight-and-physical-activity-and-risk-of-glioma-an-international-cohort-study-pooling-project/

  This study aims to identify lifestyle factors influencing glioma risk, using pooled data from over 2 million participants in 21 studies worldwide to inform prevention strategies. […] This project will bring together the worlds highest-quality data and expert researchers to generate the clear evidence required to inform the prevention of glioma.

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