Materiały źródłowe

• #1

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/headache-disorders

  Headache disorders are among the most common disorders of the nervous system. […] Headache disorders ranked third (after stroke and dementia) in accounting for overall neurological disease burden as measured by age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019. […] Headache disorders, which are characterized by recurrent headaches, are associated with personal and societal burdens of pain, disability, damaged quality of life and financial cost. […] Worldwide, only a minority of people with headache disorders are appropriately diagnosed and treated by a health care provider. […] Headache has been underestimated, under-recognized and under-treated throughout the world. […] Many of those troubled by headaches do not receive effective diagnosis and care. Appropriate treatment of headache disorders requires training of health professionals, accurate diagnosis and recognition of the conditions, appropriate treatment with cost-effective medications, simple lifestyle modifications and patient education.

• #1 Headache | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/headache

  Headaches are very common, with around 15% of Australians taking pain-relieving medication for headache at any given time. […] There are different types of recurring headache and many causes, so it is important to seek diagnosis from a qualified health professional. […] Causes of headache can include stress, medications, diet, jaw problems, and illnesses of the eye, ear, nose and throat. […] Serious underlying disorders, such as brain tumours, are rarely the cause of headache, although persistent headache should always be investigated by a doctor. […] Headache can be classified into 2 broad categories: primary and secondary. […] Tension headache is the most common type of headache. […] Stress can cause or worsen a headache in a number of ways, including tightening the muscles, particularly of the upper back, shoulders, neck and head. […] If you believe that medications may be giving you recurring headache, it is important to consult with your doctor. […] Successfully treating chronic headache usually requires a combined approach that takes all the triggers for a person into account. […] Treating a headache depends on its cause.

• #1 Headaches: Causes, types, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/headaches

  Headaches are a common health problem that most people experience at some time. […] Frequent or severe headaches can affect a persons quality of life. Knowing how to recognize the type of headache and its cause can help a person take appropriate action. […] A primary headache is not a symptom of an underlying illness. Instead, these headaches result from problems involving the structures of the head and neck. […] Common primary headache disorders include migraine, cluster, tension, and medication overuse headaches. […] A secondary headache is a symptom of an underlying medical condition. […] It is also important for a person to seek medical advice if their headache: is severe or disruptive, is persistent, occurs regularly, does not improve with medication, occurs alongside other symptoms, such as confusion, fever, sensory changes, or sudden neck stiffening.

• #1 Outpatient Primary Care Management of Headaches: Guidelines from the VA/DoD | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/0900/p316.html

  Ibuprofen and high-dose acetaminophen improve acute tension-type headaches. Amitriptyline is effective at preventing tension-type headaches after three months of treatment. […] Tension-type headaches affect more than one-half of adults and last from 30 minutes to seven days. They present with at least two of the following characteristics: bilateral location, a squeezing or tightening sensation, mild to moderate intensity, and no change with physical activity. Nausea and vomiting are not present. Photophobia or phonophobia may be present, but normally not both. […] Physical therapy, specifically manual therapy, modestly reduces tension-type headache frequency. Other nonpharmacologic treatments are not effective. […] For acute medical treatment, only acetaminophen and ibuprofen have been studied. Acetaminophen at 1,000 mg and ibuprofen at 400 mg increase the likelihood of being pain free two hours later; lower doses of acetaminophen are not effective. […] Amitriptyline effectively prevents tension-type headaches, reducing headache frequency and the need for abortive medications. Benefits are seen after three months of use. OnabotulinumtoxinA (Botox) injections are not effective for tension-type headaches.

• #1 Migraine and Cluster Headaches – LevelUpRN

  https://leveluprn.com/blogs/medical-surgical-nursing/nervous-6-migraine-cluster-headaches?srsltid=AfmBOorHPaXKmSy8YDe8Y-CHcrmhoW3Qo_uJFz_uzq1RsO4fbSOWYvnL

  A migraine headache is a neurovascular disorder that causes unilateral (on one side) throbbing head pain. […] Migraines typically last 4-72 hours. For 15-30% of patients, that head pain may be preceded by an aura. […] In terms of nursing care and patient teaching for migraines, you should instruct your patient to lay down in a dark, quiet environment if they are experiencing a migraine. This will help with the photophobia and phonophobia. They should also avoid triggers, so reducing their stress level if possible, and avoiding foods that may trigger a migraine. […] For patients with recurring migraines, prophylactic medications may be needed. This might include antihypertensives or anticonvulsants to help prevent the onset of migraines. […] Antiemetics can be used for nausea and vomiting.

• #1 Headache Pain: When to Worry, What to Do – Harvard Health Publishing – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/pain/headache-when-to-worry-what-to-do

  Work with your doctor to find the migraine treatment that works best for you. Remember, though, that overuse can lead to rebound headaches and a vicious cycle of drugs and headaches. So, if you need treatment more than two or three times a week, consider preventive medications. […] Some people can prevent migraines simply by avoiding triggers. Others do well with prompt therapy for occasional attacks. But patients who suffer frequent migraine attacks often benefit from preventive medications. Effective prescription drugs include beta blockers (such as propranolol, nadolol and atenolol), certain antidepressants (such as amitriptyline), and certain antiseizure medications (such topiramate). […] Inhaling high flow oxygen soon after the onset of the headache can often stop the attack. Sumatriptan is often effective for cluster headaches, particularly when given by injection. Other triptans may also help.

• #1 Headache & Migraine: Nursing Diagnoses, Care Plans, Assessment & Interventions | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/headache-migraine-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  Nursing interventions and care are essential for the patients recovery. […] Educate the patient on triggers of headaches and migraines, such as: […] Medication-overuse headaches (also known as rebound headaches) occur from excessive use of medications to treat headache pain and are the most common type of secondary headache. […] Once the nurse identifies nursing diagnoses for a migraine or headache, nursing care plans help prioritize assessments and interventions for both short and long-term goals of care. […] Pain is subjective and may be experienced differently from one patient to another. Pain felt in migraine and other types of headaches can range from mild to severe, and can be recurring and disabling. […] Nonpharmacologic interventions can be used along with medications and include: […] Administer antiemetics and pain medications as indicated. Antiemetics address and manage nausea and vomiting in patients suffering from headaches or migraines.

• #1 Patient education: Headache in children (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/headache-in-children-beyond-the-basics/print

  Headaches are a common complaint in children and adolescents, occurring in up to 75 percent of school-aged children. The frequency of headaches is greater in adolescents than in younger children. There are many possible causes of headaches, from common and nonharmful to rare but serious conditions. […] This topic reviews the causes, evaluation, and treatment of headaches in children and adolescents. […] Headaches may be an associated symptom of a systemic infection or may be directly due to a localized infection of the brain or surrounding tissues. […] A child who has a headache caused by an underlying illness or minor head injury should have the underlying illness treated. The headache can be treated similarly to that in a child with a tension-type headache (TTH). […] Infrequent tension-type headache (TTH) is defined as occurring less than once per month. Children with infrequent tension-type headaches may be treated with an over-the-counter (OTC) pain medication, such as children’s acetaminophen (sample brand name: Tylenol) or ibuprofen (sample brand names: Advil, Motrin).

• #1 Migraines And Headaches: Understanding The Disorders | VA Tennessee Valley Health Care | Veterans Affairs

  https://www.va.gov/tennessee-valley-health-care/stories/migraines-and-headaches-understanding-the-disorders/

  June 1, 2024, marked the first day of Migraine and Headache Awareness Month, a national observance to recognize and raise awareness of the neurological disease and headache disorders. […] VHA and Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (TVHS) host many services, programs, and treatments to aid Veterans who suffer from different types of headache disorders, including the development of the VHA Headache Center of Excellence. […] As Veterans, it is important to know the affects burn pits can have on migraines and headaches. […] More than 20% of Veterans with a headache diagnosis accessed VA Emergency Department services for headache pain treatment. […] All disorders can be debilitating and can interfere with daily activities, work, and relationships, leading to decreased quality of life and productivity.

• #1 Urgent Care for Headache | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/about/newsroom/articles/urgent-care-for-headache

  Rarely, a headache may be a sign of a medical emergency, such as a stroke or brain aneurysm. Go to the emergency room if your headache is associated with any of these symptoms: […] If you still have pain, call your primary care provider (PCP). […] Its always a good idea to check in with your PCP firstor with your neurologist or headache specialist, if you are already being treated for headaches, Dr. Shah says. […] If you dont have any of the red flag symptoms that indicate an emergency, urgent care is a great option for managing headaches. […] To diagnose problems associated with headaches, in-person urgent care providers can perform tests including: […] In-person urgent care providers can give medications, including a migraine cocktaila combination of shots to treat migraine pain. […] If you dont have any of the red flag symptoms that indicate an emergency, urgent care is a great option for managing headaches, Dr. Shah says.

• #1 Acute Headache – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554510/

  A thorough physical examination is important in all patients presenting with headaches. Although the neurologic exam is the most obvious imperative, it is also crucial to perform a complete HEENT exam, which may uncover findings suggestive of either benign (sinusitis, otitis, odontogenic headache) or serious conditions (e.g., papilledema suggesting intracranial pressure, temporal artery tenderness suggesting giant cell arteritis). […] Treatment of primary headaches in the emergency department should be focused on reducing symptoms and providing supportive care. Often, primary headaches are recurrent, and follow-up with a neurologist or primary care physician should be recommended for preventive and abortive management options. The goal of medical management of headaches centers on achieving fast and long-lasting analgesia with little to no side effects.

• #1 18 Remedies to Get Rid of Headaches Naturally

  https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/headache-remedies

  Sleep deprivation can be detrimental to your health in many ways and may even cause headaches in some people. […] Studies suggest that consuming histamine may cause migraines in those who are sensitive to it. […] Research suggests that peppermint, lavender, and eucalyptus essential oils are especially helpful when you have a headache. […] Several studies have shown that certain B vitamin supplements, including riboflavin (B2), folate, B12, and pyridoxine (B6) may reduce headache symptoms. […] Using a cold compress may help reduce your headache symptoms. […] Studies have shown that taking CoQ10 supplements may be an effective natural way to treat headaches. […] Studies suggest that food intolerances can trigger headaches in some people. […] Sipping on beverages that contain caffeine, such as tea or coffee, may provide relief when you are experiencing a headache.

• #1 Acute Headache – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554510/

  Treatment of a secondary headache depends on identifying and treating the underlying pathology. […] For primary headaches, patients should be educated about the benign nature of their condition. Knowing that despite the discomfort, their headache poses no long-term sequelae is often enough to mitigate some of the debilitating effects of the headache. Patients should also be urged to follow up with a specialist if they suffer from recurrent headaches.

• #1 Headache & Migraine: Nursing Diagnoses, Care Plans, Assessment & Interventions | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/headache-migraine-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  Headaches are a common nuisance that many people experience at one time or another, often due to stress, poor sleep, illness, or other causes. Headache disorders affect approximately 40% of the global population and are under-recognized and under-treated. […] It is essential to identify the type of headache the patient is experiencing for effective treatment. […] The nurse supports the patient and their treatment regimen through education and follow-up. […] The first step of nursing care is the nursing assessment, during which the nurse will gather physical, psychosocial, emotional, and diagnostic data. […] Patient education is an integral part of any treatment regimen to ensure compliance, prevent complications, and restore patients health. […] Finding and treating the underlying cause is essential to managing a secondary headache.

• #1 Headache Nursing Diagnosis & Care Plan – NurseStudy.Net

  https://nursestudy.net/headache-nursing-diagnosis/

  Headaches represent one of the most common complaints healthcare providers encounter in clinical practice. As a nurse, understanding the various types of headaches, their nursing diagnoses, and appropriate interventions is crucial for providing optimal patient care. This comprehensive guide will explore the essential aspects of headache nursing diagnosis and care planning. […] A thorough nursing assessment should include: […] Nursing Diagnosis: Acute Pain related to increased intracranial pressure, vasodilation, or muscle tension as evidenced by verbal reports of pain, protective behavior, and changes in vital signs. […] Nursing Diagnosis: Risk for Injury related to altered sensory perception and balance disturbances secondary to headache symptoms. […] Nursing Diagnosis: Activity Intolerance related to pain and associated symptoms as evidenced by fatigue and inability to complete daily activities.

• #1 Headaches: Treatment depends on your diagnosis and symptoms

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/chronic-daily-headaches/in-depth/headaches/art-20047375

  Migraine treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms and preventing additional attacks. If you know what triggers your migraines, avoiding those triggers and learning how to manage them can help prevent migraines or lessen the pain. […] Seek emergency care if you have: A very severe, sudden headache, Headache after a head injury or fall, Fever, stiff neck, rash, confusion, seizure, double vision, weakness, numbness or difficulty speaking, Pain that worsens despite treatment. […] Almost everyone gets headaches, and many are nothing to worry about. But if headaches are disrupting your activities, work or personal life, it’s time to see your doctor. Headaches can’t always be prevented, but your doctor can help you manage the symptoms.

• #1 Headache & Migraine | UC San Diego Health

  https://health.ucsd.edu/care/neurological/headache/

  If you have migraines, cluster headaches or other headache disorders that are difficult to treat, turn to the Headache Center at UC San Diego Health. […] Our board-certified neurologists have advanced training in headache medicine. […] Untreated headaches such as migraines can affect your quality of life and ultimately lead to disability. They may get worse over time and become harder to treat. […] We treat all types of headaches. […] If you’ve had headaches more than once a week for three consecutive months or longer that don’t respond to treatment, you should see a specialist. […] Get immediate medical attention if you have headaches accompanied by any of the following: Stiff neck or fever, Dizziness, unsteadiness, slurred speech, weakness, numbness, tingling, Confusion or drowsiness.

• #1

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/neuroscience/neurology/neurological-conditions/headache

  Migraine treatment options typically include a combination of lifestyle changes, preventive measures and medications to provide relief from migraine symptoms during an attack. […] Identifying your migraine triggers can also help find migraine symptoms. Some lifestyle adjustments include stress management and creating healthy habits. […] Secondary headaches are headaches that are a symptom of an underlying illness or condition. […] To help your doctor with a headache diagnosis and develop a treatment plan for the type of headaches you are having, keep a headache calendar or diary. […] Depending on your diagnosis, your doctor may prescribe medication or recommend lifestyle changes for your headache care. […] Some of the lifestyle practices we may recommend for treating a headache include: Resting with eyes closed or napping in a quiet, darkened room.

• #1 Acute Headache in Adults: A Diagnostic Approach | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0900/acute-headache-adults.html

  A detailed history and physical examination can distinguish between key features of a benign primary headache and concerning symptoms that warrant further evaluation for a secondary headache. Most headaches that are diagnosed in the primary care setting are benign. […] Among primary headache disorders, tension-type headache is the most common, although a migraine headache is more debilitating and likely to present in the primary care setting. Signs such as predictable timing, sensitivity to smells or sounds, family history of migraine, recurrent sinus headache, or recurrent severe headaches with a normal neurologic examination could indicate migraine headache. Evaluating acute headaches using a systematic framework such as the SNNOOP10 mnemonic can help detect life-threatening secondary causes of headaches. Red flag signs or symptoms such as acute thunderclap headache, fever, meningeal irritation on physical examination, papilledema with focal neurologic signs, impaired consciousness, and concern for acute glaucoma warrant immediate evaluation. For emergent evaluations, noncontrast computed tomography of the head is recommended to exclude acute intracranial hemorrhage or mass effect. A lumbar puncture is also needed to rule out subarachnoid hemorrhage if the scan result is normal. For less urgent cases, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain is preferred for evaluating headaches with concerning features. Primary headache disorders without red flags or abnormal examination findings do not need neuroimaging.

• #1 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Migraines | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-migraines

  Upon completion of this nursing care plan for migraines, nursing students will be able to: […] Demonstrate the ability to provide person-centered care for individuals with migraines, emphasizing empathy, effective communication, and a tailored approach to meet the unique needs of each patient. […] Acquire skills in managing associated symptoms associated with migraines, such as: throbbing pain or a pulsing sensation, usually on one side of the head, nausea, vomiting, and extreme sensitivity to light and sound. […] Develop comprehensive nursing care plans for patients experiencing migraines, including patient education, symptom management, and long-term care strategies. […] Understanding the pathophysiology and etiology of migraines is crucial for effective management and treatment.

• #1 Nursing care plan for headache

  https://nursipedia.com/nursing-care-plan-headache/

  Headaches are one of the most common types of physical pain and can be very debilitating. It is important that nurses are able to assess, diagnose and treat headaches in order to provide appropriate care. A nursing care plan can help nurses to provide the best care possible as it outlines assessment, nursing diagnosis, outcomes, interventions, rationales, evaluation, and conclusion for headache-related issues. […] Once the assessment is complete, the nurse can identify the nursing diagnosis for the patients headache. The following are common nursing diagnoses for headaches: Pain related to the headache. Ineffective coping related to the triggers or exacerbations of the headache. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements due to lack of appetite or nausea associated with the headache. Knowledge deficit regarding the management of headache.

• #1 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Migraines | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-migraines

  Patient reports a reduction in migraine frequency and intensity. […] Patient demonstrates understanding of triggers and implements lifestyle modifications. […] Effective management of symptoms during a migraine episode. […] Evaluate the pattern and triggers of migraines. […] Assess the effectiveness of current pain management strategies. […] Administer prescribed medications such as triptans or NSAIDs. […] Ensure a quiet, dark environment during a migraine. […] Teach the patient to identify and avoid known triggers. […] Encourage relaxation techniques and stress management strategies. […] Advise on a balanced diet and avoidance of known dietary triggers. […] Educate on maintaining a regular sleep schedule. […] Monitor the patients response to interventions and adjust the care plan as needed. […] Ensure the patient understands how to manage triggers and symptoms. […] Evaluate the effectiveness of pain management strategies. […] Reassess patients knowledge regarding migraine management.

• #1 Headache Nursing Diagnosis & Care Plan – NurseStudy.Net

  https://nursestudy.net/headache-nursing-diagnosis/

  Nursing Diagnosis: Anxiety related to chronic pain and impact on daily life as evidenced by expressed concerns and increased tension. […] Nursing Diagnosis: Knowledge Deficit related to headache management and prevention as evidenced by questions about condition and treatment options. […] Effective headache management includes:

• #1 There’s No Room in a Nurse’s Day for Recurring Headaches

  https://consultqd.clevelandclinic.org/theres-no-room-in-a-nurses-day-for-recurring-headaches

  Seek medical care right away if you have a sudden, severe headache or one that is associated with the following symptoms: […] Other red flags are if the headache seems positional in nature it gets worse when you lie down or when you stand, or if it is associated with fever or rigidity in the neck, Najdovski says. […] Acetaminophen and ibuprofen both work for headaches. However, Najdovski warns that overuse of the pain relievers can cause rebound headaches, which are daily or near daily headaches that may be a challenge to treat until the offending analgesic is stopped or use is reduced. […] There are prescription medications available to treat and even prevent headaches, especially migraines. If you suffer from four or more debilitating headaches a month, or two that are disabling (severe enough to make you miss work, etc.), talk to your healthcare provider.

• #1 18 Remedies to Get Rid of Headaches Naturally

  https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/headache-remedies

  Headache symptoms can be managed at home with a number of natural treatments, including drinking water, taking a nap, applying a cold compress and more. […] Several types of headaches exist, with tension headaches being the most common. […] Although many medications can be used to treat headache symptoms, a number of effective natural treatments also exist. […] Research shows that certain dietary and lifestyle factors could increase the risk of experiencing headaches. […] Inadequate hydration may lead you to develop a headache. […] Studies have shown that treatment with supplemental magnesium, in many different doses and forms, may help reduce both the frequency and the severity of migraine headaches. […] While having an alcoholic drink may not cause a headache in most people, studies have shown that alcohol can trigger migraines in about one-third of those who experience frequent headaches.

• #1 There’s No Room in a Nurse’s Day for Recurring Headaches

  https://consultqd.clevelandclinic.org/theres-no-room-in-a-nurses-day-for-recurring-headaches

  There are non-pharmacological ways to treat headaches as well, Najdovski says. […] To avoid or limit headaches, Najdovski says lifestyle factors can play an important role. Eating regular meals, staying hydrated, practicing good sleep hygiene and exercising regularly all can help. […] Of course, controlling and reducing stress can help as well. And, if you have a history of anxiety or depression, work with your healthcare provider to get those factors under control. […] Consuming less than 200 milligrams of caffeine a day may help protect against headaches for some people.

• #1 Postpartum Headaches: Causes, Types, Treatment, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/pregnancy/postpartum-headaches

  Postpartum headaches occur frequently in women. In one study, 39 percent of postpartum women experienced a headache within the first week after delivery. Your doctor may give you a postpartum headache diagnosis if you experience headaches any time in the 6 weeks following the delivery of your baby. There are several reasons you may get a postpartum headache, and treatments will vary depending on the type you have. […] The type of postpartum headache you have can vary. Some are more common than others. One study reported that in their sample group of 95 women with postpartum headache: nearly half had a tension or migraine headache; 24 percent had a headache related to preeclampsia; 16 percent had a headache caused by regional anesthesia. […] Treatment of a headache depends on the type. Tension and migraine headaches can be treated with over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, such as naproxen (Aleve) and ibuprofen (Advil). Most of these are safe to take while breastfeeding, with the exception of aspirin.

• #1 What to Do About Headaches (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/headaches-sheet.html

  Headaches usually are brief and can be caused by many things, including too little sleep, eye strain, stress, sinus infections, or a bump to the head. […] Most headaches respond to home care. To help ease pain, have your child: lie down in a dark, quiet room, drink liquids, take acetaminophen or ibuprofen as needed, put a cool, moist cloth across the forehead or eyes. […] Get Medical Care if the Headaches: happen once a month or more, don’t go away easily, are more painful than usual, prevent your child from participating in everyday activities, follow a head injury or loss of consciousness, come with any of these symptoms: decreased alertness or confusion, fever, vomiting, changes in vision, weakness, skin rash, neck pain or stiffness. […] Some types of headaches can be prevented by avoiding certain things that can cause them, such as getting too little sleep, some medicines, not drinking enough liquids, and using a screen or watching TV for a long time.

• #1 Headaches in Children: Types, Home Treatments and Prevention | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/headaches-in-children

  Headaches are common in children and teens. There are many types of headaches. Each type has their own treatment. Your childs doctor or health care provider will review their history and do a physical exam to see what type(s) of headache they have. […] Most headaches in children are not serious. Childrens headaches are very rarely from serious diseases or physical problems. Because of their young age, children may not know how to describe pain. Symptoms of headaches include acting quieter or moodier than normal and a drop in their activity.

• #1 Patient education: Headache in children (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/headache-in-children-beyond-the-basics/print

  If a child has frequent or chronic TTH (ie, ≥15 headache days per month), the first line of treatment is an OTC rescue pain medication, such as children’s acetaminophen (sample brand name: Tylenol) or ibuprofen (sample brand names: Advil, Motrin). […] The treatment of chronic migraine or chronic tension-type headaches is usually multimodal and includes preventive treatment, healthy lifestyle adjustment, and CBT. […] Management of chronic headaches requires a coordinated approach with the child’s clinician and should be individualized according to the needs of the child; clear guidelines regarding the use of acute medications should be discussed.

• #1 Acute Headache in Adults: A Diagnostic Approach | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0900/acute-headache-adults.html

  Migraine headache is classically underdiagnosed. Patients for whom a diagnosis of migraine should be considered include those with recurring sinus headaches or recurrent severe headaches with a normal neurologic examination. […] Patients with secondary headaches rarely present to primary care clinics. One study of neuroimaging on all patients presenting with headache to an outpatient neurology clinic noted only 1% with significant intracranial abnormality. […] Primary headache onset after 50 years of age is uncommon, and onset after 65 years of age carries a high risk of a serious secondary etiology. In patients older than 50 years, giant cell arteritis must be considered. The presence of fever, scalp tenderness overlying the temple, jaw claudication (i.e., pain or facial fatigue with chewing), or symptoms of polymyalgia rheumatica (i.e., pain, stiffness, decreased range of motion in shoulder muscles) could suggest giant cell arteritis. These patients need an urgent laboratory evaluation because of the potential for ophthalmic and neurologic complications.

• #1 Nursing Issues in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Headaches | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4614-0179-7_19

  Nurses can play five key roles in headache management: history documentation, patient education, participation in follow-up visits and phone calls, and leading groups. […] Nurses provide a critical role in patient education about diagnosis. […] Nurses can teach patients the effective use of headache diaries and how to interpret the results. […] Nurses can help develop headache support groups. […] The chapter provides a list of resources for headache nurses to gain the support and education necessary for success in their roles.

• #1 The nurse’s role in the management of migraine | Nursing Times

  https://www.nursingtimes.net/neurology/the-nurses-role-in-the-management-of-migraine-02-11-2000/

  Migraine is a common complaint, thought to affect around 15%-18% of the female population and 6% of men. […] Since migraine can have a major impact on the quality of life for some individuals it needs to be taken seriously by health professionals (Bates et al, 1997). […] Nurses are in a prime position to offer advice to patients with migraine, who may not wish to bother the doctor. […] Nurses should also be aware of the warning signs of underlying neurological disease and refer patients immediately if in any doubt (see Box 1). […] Taking a careful history is the most important aspect of diagnosing migraine. […] The goal of migraine treatment should be to minimise the effects of the condition on the individuals life (Hackett et al, 1994). […] Nurses can play a significant role in migraine management by identifying patients and offering them support, empathy and advice.

• #1 Primary Care | American Headache Society

  https://americanheadachesociety.org/resources/primary-care

  Innovations in healthcare can be of great benefit to patients when implemented correctly. The rise of telehealth delivery of headache-related care is one such innovation that happened largely in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. […] Headache on the Hill 2025 united advocates in Washington, D.C. to push for policy change and increased support for headache and migraine care. […] AHS has announced the 2024 research grant recipients, awarding $1.23M to projects advancing headache care. From AI tools to youth-focused interventions, these initiatives will be presented at future AHS meetings and in peer-reviewed journals. […] Axsome Therapeutics has announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved AXS-07 (meloxicam and rizatriptan) for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults. This novel oral medication combines meloxicam, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and rizatriptan, a serotonin receptor agonist, to provide rapid and sustained relief from migraine pain. […] What physicians should think about when treating pediatric migraine.

• #1 Headache: What It Is, Types, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9639-headaches

  Headaches are a very common condition that most people will experience many times during their lives. The main symptom of a headache is pain in your head or face. While most headaches aren’t dangerous, certain types can be a sign of a serious underlying condition. […] Primary headaches typically aren’t dangerous, but they can be very painful and disrupt your day-to-day life. […] Treatment for headaches depends on the type. […] One of the most crucial aspects of treating primary headaches is figuring out your triggers. […] Not every headache requires medication. A range of treatments is available. […] Treatment for secondary headaches involves treating the underlying medical condition causing it. […] The key to preventing headaches is figuring out what triggers them. […] Although researchers are closer than ever before to a cure, at this time, there isn’t a cure for primary headaches. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing future episodes. […] If your headaches are interfering with your daily functioning or affecting your mood, it’s important to talk to your healthcare provider.

• #1

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ut1820

  Migraines are painful, throbbing headaches that often start on one side of the head. […] Medicines can help prevent migraines or stop them after they have started. Your doctor can help you find which ones work best for you. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line if you are having problems. […] Rest in a quiet, dark room until your headache is gone. […] Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. […] Don’t take medicine for headache pain too often. […] Keep a headache diary so you can figure out what triggers your headaches. […] If your doctor has prescribed medicine for your migraines, take it as directed. […] Find healthy ways to deal with stress. […] Get plenty of sleep and exercise.

• #1 Headache: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.headache-care-instructions.ut1815

  Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if: You have a fever and a stiff neck. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if: Your headaches get worse, happen more often, or change in some way. […] Your life is disrupted by your headaches. For example, you often miss work, school, or other activities.

• #1 Adult migraine: More than a headache – American Nurse

  https://www.myamericannurse.com/adult-migraine-more-than-a-headache/

  Migraine is a debilitating condition that alters the lives of many people worldwide. […] Nurses play an important role in assessing for and managing migraine symptoms. […] Providers diagnose migraine based on a detailed patient history and physical, so optimal care requires an understanding of the risk factors combined with a prompt and thorough evaluation. Nurses can gather this information and perform the assessment at the bedside. […] Focus your nursing care on patient comfort and education. Administer prescribed medications while closely monitoring patients for adverse reactions or side effects. […] The nurses role in care management includes patient education, acute treatment administration, and patient comfort.

• #2 Headache & Migraine: Nursing Diagnoses, Care Plans, Assessment & Interventions | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/headache-migraine-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  Headaches are a common nuisance that many people experience at one time or another, often due to stress, poor sleep, illness, or other causes. Headache disorders affect approximately 40% of the global population and are under-recognized and under-treated. […] It is essential to identify the type of headache the patient is experiencing for effective treatment. […] The nurse supports the patient and their treatment regimen through education and follow-up. […] The first step of nursing care is the nursing assessment, during which the nurse will gather physical, psychosocial, emotional, and diagnostic data. […] Patient education is an integral part of any treatment regimen to ensure compliance, prevent complications, and restore patients health. […] Finding and treating the underlying cause is essential to managing a secondary headache.

• #2 Acute Headache – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554510/

  Headache is a nearly universal complaint. Most headaches are benign, and most patients can be safely treated and discharged with minimal workup. However, many serious and life-threatening conditions may present with headaches. Recognition, evaluation, and appropriate management of these dangerous secondary headaches are critical to preventing long-term disability or death. This activity describes the assessment and medical management of headaches in the emergency department and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in assessing and appropriately treating patients with this chief complaint, with specific emphasis on differentiating benign from concerning presentations. […] The primary role of the emergency provider (EP) is to carefully analyze specific aspects of the history and physical exam to determine which patients are at risk for serious underlying pathology. The emergency provider must decide which patients require immediate further testing, such as laboratory studies and imaging, to confirm the diagnosis and direct management. In addition to diagnosing and managing life-threatening causes of headaches, the EP must be well versed in treating common primary headache disorders, as proper management of the natural course of the disease may improve patient outcomes.

• #2 Urgent Care for Headache | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/about/newsroom/articles/urgent-care-for-headache

  Headaches are common, but theyre not all created equal. Some feel like a dull acheannoying but manageable. Some cause overwhelming pain that can prevent you from functioning. Others fall somewhere in between. […] When should a headache send you to urgent care or to the emergency room? Ronak V. Shah, MD, associate medical director of Mass General Brigham Urgent Care, discusses common types of headaches and offers guidance about when and where to seek care. […] Most common headaches evaluated at urgent care fall into one of three categories: […] Tension-type headaches result from multiple factors, including stress. Theyre associated with tight muscles in the head, neck, or jaw and typically feel like a tight band of dull pain around your head. […] Migraine headaches cause severe, throbbing pain. They often occur with other symptoms like nausea or sensitivity to light and sound.

• #2 Self-Care Management of Headaches

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/selfcare-management-of-headaches

  Headaches represent a prevalent health issue experienced by individuals throughout their lives and frequently constitute a common complaint encountered by health practitioners in emergency department settings, particularly among adults aged 18 to 44 years in the United States. […] Pharmacists play a crucial role in mitigating the impact of headaches by educating patients and recommending various treatment options, such as OTC products, nonpharmacologic approaches, self-care strategies, or advising patients to seek further medical attention from their healthcare provider. […] Pharmacists play a pivotal role in ensuring that patients receive safe and informed treatment, extending beyond prescription medications to encompass comprehensive healthcare guidance. […] Headaches can typically be addressed using OTC products and nonpharmacologic interventions, guided by the assessment and advice provided by pharmacists.

• #2 Headache: What It Is, Types, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9639-headaches

  Headaches are a very common condition that most people will experience many times during their lives. The main symptom of a headache is pain in your head or face. While most headaches aren’t dangerous, certain types can be a sign of a serious underlying condition. […] Primary headaches typically aren’t dangerous, but they can be very painful and disrupt your day-to-day life. […] Treatment for headaches depends on the type. […] One of the most crucial aspects of treating primary headaches is figuring out your triggers. […] Not every headache requires medication. A range of treatments is available. […] Treatment for secondary headaches involves treating the underlying medical condition causing it. […] The key to preventing headaches is figuring out what triggers them. […] Although researchers are closer than ever before to a cure, at this time, there isn’t a cure for primary headaches. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing future episodes. […] If your headaches are interfering with your daily functioning or affecting your mood, it’s important to talk to your healthcare provider.

• #2 Assessment, diagnosis, and management of headache – Women’s Healthcare

  https://www.npwomenshealthcare.com/assessment-management-vol3-no3/

  Healthcare providers caring for women can use advanced clinical skills in assessment and accurate diagnosis of headaches. Accurate diagnosis is imperative in providing effective management and making appropriate referrals. The overall goal is to make the correct diagnosis, adequately treat the headaches, and minimize the frequency and severity of headaches in the future. […] About 45 million individuals in the United States complain of headaches to their healthcare provider (HCP), accounting for nearly 8 million clinical visits per year. […] HCPs must use keen skills to evaluate each woman’s symptoms, formulate a diagnosis, and devise a management plan. […] Red flags in the history require that further evaluation be done for secondary causes. Sudden onset of a severe, intractable headache may suggest an intracranial disorder such as subarachnoid hemorrhage or meningitis.

• #2 Nursing care plan for headache

  https://nursipedia.com/nursing-care-plan-headache/

  Headaches are one of the most common types of physical pain and can be very debilitating. It is important that nurses are able to assess, diagnose and treat headaches in order to provide appropriate care. A nursing care plan can help nurses to provide the best care possible as it outlines assessment, nursing diagnosis, outcomes, interventions, rationales, evaluation, and conclusion for headache-related issues. […] Once the assessment is complete, the nurse can identify the nursing diagnosis for the patients headache. The following are common nursing diagnoses for headaches: Pain related to the headache. Ineffective coping related to the triggers or exacerbations of the headache. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements due to lack of appetite or nausea associated with the headache. Knowledge deficit regarding the management of headache.

• #2 Assessment, diagnosis, and management of headache – Women’s Healthcare

  https://www.npwomenshealthcare.com/assessment-management-vol3-no3/

  All pertinent negative and positive physical exam findings, along with history findings, help the HCP further differentiate between primary and secondary headaches. […] Headaches are common occurrences in women; skilled HCPs are positioned to assess, diagnose, treat, and prevent headaches in these individuals. Familiarity with various types of headaches and their causes, appropriate treatment modalities, and preventive strategies can assist HCPs in management of women presenting with headache.

• #2 Headache Pain: When to Worry, What to Do – Harvard Health Publishing – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/pain/headache-when-to-worry-what-to-do

  Nearly everyone has had headache pain, and most of us have had it many times. A minor headache is little more than a nuisance that’s relieved by an over-the-counter pain reliever, some food or coffee, or a short rest. But if your headache is severe or unusual, you might worry about stroke, a tumor, or a blood clot. Fortunately, such problems are rare. Still, you should know when a headache needs urgent care and how to control the vast majority of headaches that are not threatening to your health. […] You can take care of many types of headaches by yourself, and your doctor can give you medication to control most of the tougher headaches. But some headaches call for prompt medical care. Here are some warning signs for when you should worry about headaches: headaches that first develop after age 50, a major change in the pattern of your headaches, an unusually severe headache, head pain that increases with coughing or movement, headaches that get steadily worse, changes in personality or mental function, headaches that are accompanied by fever, stiff neck, confusion, decreased alertness or memory, or neurological symptoms such as visual disturbances, slurred speech, weakness, numbness, or seizures, headaches that are accompanied by a painful red eye, headaches that are accompanied by pain and tenderness near the temples, headaches after a blow to the head, headaches that prevent normal daily activities, headaches that come on abruptly, especially if they wake you up, headaches in patients with cancer or impaired immune systems.

• #2 Headaches: Treatment depends on your diagnosis and symptoms

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/chronic-daily-headaches/in-depth/headaches/art-20047375

  Migraine treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms and preventing additional attacks. If you know what triggers your migraines, avoiding those triggers and learning how to manage them can help prevent migraines or lessen the pain. […] Seek emergency care if you have: A very severe, sudden headache, Headache after a head injury or fall, Fever, stiff neck, rash, confusion, seizure, double vision, weakness, numbness or difficulty speaking, Pain that worsens despite treatment. […] Almost everyone gets headaches, and many are nothing to worry about. But if headaches are disrupting your activities, work or personal life, it’s time to see your doctor. Headaches can’t always be prevented, but your doctor can help you manage the symptoms.

• #2 Managing tension headaches at home Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/selfcare-instructions/managing-tension-headaches-at-home

  Follow your health care provider’s instructions about how to take your medicines. Rebound headaches are headaches that keep coming back. They can occur from overuse of pain medicine. If you take pain medicine more than 3 days a week on a regular basis, you can develop rebound headaches. […] Be aware that aspirin and ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) can irritate your stomach. If you take acetaminophen (Tylenol), do not take more than a total of 4,000 mg (4 grams) of acetaminophen a day to avoid liver damage. Taking acetaminophen with alcohol (3 or more drinks a day) also increases the risk of liver damage. […] Knowing your headache triggers can help you avoid situations that cause your headaches. A headache diary can help. […] Review your diary with your provider to identify triggers or a pattern to your headaches. This can help you and your provider create a treatment plan. Knowing your triggers can help you avoid them.

• #2 Acute Headache in Adults: A Diagnostic Approach | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0900/acute-headache-adults.html

  Patients with severe disabling headache associated with nausea or vomiting and light sensitivity should be considered to have a migraine. Patients with headache and red flags (acute thunderclap headache, fever with meningeal irritation on physical examination, papilledema with focal neurologic signs or impaired consciousness, concern for acute glaucoma) in their history or physical examination warrant further investigation for secondary causes of headache. […] Patients with stable primary headache disorders (i.e., no red flags and normal neurologic examination) do not need neuroimaging. […] Migraine headache usually causes unilateral, pulsatile pain attacks of moderate to severe intensity. It is often accompanied by nausea, sensitivity to light (photophobia) and sound (phonophobia), and is exacerbated with activity.

• #2 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Migraines | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-migraines

  Patient reports a reduction in migraine frequency and intensity. […] Patient demonstrates understanding of triggers and implements lifestyle modifications. […] Effective management of symptoms during a migraine episode. […] Evaluate the pattern and triggers of migraines. […] Assess the effectiveness of current pain management strategies. […] Administer prescribed medications such as triptans or NSAIDs. […] Ensure a quiet, dark environment during a migraine. […] Teach the patient to identify and avoid known triggers. […] Encourage relaxation techniques and stress management strategies. […] Advise on a balanced diet and avoidance of known dietary triggers. […] Educate on maintaining a regular sleep schedule. […] Monitor the patients response to interventions and adjust the care plan as needed. […] Ensure the patient understands how to manage triggers and symptoms. […] Evaluate the effectiveness of pain management strategies. […] Reassess patients knowledge regarding migraine management.

• #2 Headaches: Treatment depends on your diagnosis and symptoms

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/chronic-daily-headaches/in-depth/headaches/art-20047375

  Do you take aspirin or acetaminophen for all your headaches? For some types of headaches, that’s not the best approach. Here’s why. […] The first step in foiling your frequent headaches is determining what type of headache you have. Sometimes headaches are a symptom of another disease or condition; sometimes there’s no clear cause. […] Take a close look at your headache signs and symptoms. Keeping a headache diary might help determine your headache type. Note when your headaches occur, your symptoms, and potential triggers, such as food, stress or changes in sleep. […] Most occasional tension-type headaches are easily treated with over-the-counter medications, including: Aspirin, Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others), Acetaminophen (Tylenol, others). […] Daily prescription medications, including tricyclic antidepressants, might manage chronic tension-type headaches. Alternative therapies aimed at stress reduction might help.

• #2 Headaches – types, causes, migraines, treatment and prevention | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/headaches

  Although there is no complete cure for a headache, there are several helpful treatment options available. […] If your headaches are mild and don’t occur often, it may help to try: lying down in a dark, quiet room, sleeping, placing a cold or warm cloth on the back of your neck or on your forehead, taking a walk outside in fresh air, having a drink of water, stretching your neck muscles. […] Many headaches can be treated with over-the-counter pain relief medicines, like paracetamol, ibuprofen or aspirin. […] If you have frequent or severe headaches, your doctor may prescribe other medicines that can help such as a very low dose of an antidepressant or anti-nausea medicines. […] Lifestyle changes can help you avoid triggers and prevent headaches. […] There are also several preventive medicines and other treatments available. If you get headaches frequently, ask your doctor about whether these may be appropriate for you. […] Some people who use pain medicines often to treat headaches may experience 'medication overuse headache’.

• #2 18 Remedies to Get Rid of Headaches Naturally

  https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/headache-remedies

  Sleep deprivation can be detrimental to your health in many ways and may even cause headaches in some people. […] Studies suggest that consuming histamine may cause migraines in those who are sensitive to it. […] Research suggests that peppermint, lavender, and eucalyptus essential oils are especially helpful when you have a headache. […] Several studies have shown that certain B vitamin supplements, including riboflavin (B2), folate, B12, and pyridoxine (B6) may reduce headache symptoms. […] Using a cold compress may help reduce your headache symptoms. […] Studies have shown that taking CoQ10 supplements may be an effective natural way to treat headaches. […] Studies suggest that food intolerances can trigger headaches in some people. […] Sipping on beverages that contain caffeine, such as tea or coffee, may provide relief when you are experiencing a headache.

• #2 Acute Headache – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554510/

  Treatment of a secondary headache depends on identifying and treating the underlying pathology. […] For primary headaches, patients should be educated about the benign nature of their condition. Knowing that despite the discomfort, their headache poses no long-term sequelae is often enough to mitigate some of the debilitating effects of the headache. Patients should also be urged to follow up with a specialist if they suffer from recurrent headaches.

• #2

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/neuroscience/neurology/neurological-conditions/headache

  There are things you can do to help prevent migraines or other types of headaches, such as: Stick to a regular sleeping and eating schedule. Try to eat, sleep and wake up at approximately the same time each day. […] Successful headache treatment requires that these associated conditions be treated effectively.

• #2 Patient Guides | American Headache Society

  https://americanheadachesociety.org/resources/primary-care/patient-guides

  Outlines primary headache symptoms related to migraine and can help patients determine which type of headache they have. […] Describes headache red flags and provides information on when to seek medical attention. […] Describes lifestyle and medical factors which may contribute to migraine attacks, as well as recommendations to address them. […] Distinguishes between episodic and chronic migraine and offers advice for patients if they suspect their migraine is becoming chronic. […] Defines medication overuse headache and offers guidance on how to address it. […] Helps patients with migraine know when to go to the Emergency Department and how to prepare for their visit. […] Discusses how to prepare for, and manage, migraine during pregnancy, as well as headache red flags to be alert to while pregnant.

• #2 Postpartum Headaches: Causes, Types, Treatment, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/pregnancy/postpartum-headaches

  Secondary headaches should always be treated by your doctor and may involve a more intense treatment than primary headaches. You should discuss the risks of treatments for secondary headaches if you’re breastfeeding. […] Taking care of yourself is an important way to prevent tension and migraine headaches. This can be easier said than done in the early days of caring for a newborn. […] Most often, postpartum headaches are tension or migraine headaches, which you can treat at home or with the help of your doctor. More severe secondary headaches should be seen by your doctor immediately and may require a higher level of treatment to prevent more serious symptoms from occurring.

• #2 Headaches (for Teens) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/headaches.html

  Most headaches happen in the nerves, blood vessels, and muscles that cover a person’s head and neck. […] If you think your headaches may be migraines, you’ll want to see a doctor to treat them and learn ways to try to avoid getting the headaches in the first place. […] Most headaches will go away if a person rests or sleeps. […] If a headache doesn’t go away or it’s really bad, you may want to take an over-the-counter pain reliever like acetaminophen or ibuprofen. […] Most headaches are not a sign that something more is wrong. But if your headaches are intense and happen often, there are lots of things a doctor can do, from recommending changes in your diet to prescribing medicine.

• #2 Patient education: Headache in children (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/headache-in-children-beyond-the-basics/print

  If a child has frequent or chronic TTH (ie, ≥15 headache days per month), the first line of treatment is an OTC rescue pain medication, such as children’s acetaminophen (sample brand name: Tylenol) or ibuprofen (sample brand names: Advil, Motrin). […] The treatment of chronic migraine or chronic tension-type headaches is usually multimodal and includes preventive treatment, healthy lifestyle adjustment, and CBT. […] Management of chronic headaches requires a coordinated approach with the child’s clinician and should be individualized according to the needs of the child; clear guidelines regarding the use of acute medications should be discussed.

• #2 The nurse’s role in the management of migraine | Nursing Times

  https://www.nursingtimes.net/neurology/the-nurses-role-in-the-management-of-migraine-02-11-2000/

  Migraine is a common complaint, thought to affect around 15%-18% of the female population and 6% of men. […] Since migraine can have a major impact on the quality of life for some individuals it needs to be taken seriously by health professionals (Bates et al, 1997). […] Nurses are in a prime position to offer advice to patients with migraine, who may not wish to bother the doctor. […] Nurses should also be aware of the warning signs of underlying neurological disease and refer patients immediately if in any doubt (see Box 1). […] Taking a careful history is the most important aspect of diagnosing migraine. […] The goal of migraine treatment should be to minimise the effects of the condition on the individuals life (Hackett et al, 1994). […] Nurses can play a significant role in migraine management by identifying patients and offering them support, empathy and advice.

• #2 18 Remedies to Get Rid of Headaches Naturally

  https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/headache-remedies

  If you’re looking for ways to prevent headaches, the following evidence-based tips may help: Stay hydrated, identify underlying causes, eat regularly, get the right amount of sleep, and try to manage your stress. […] The occasional mild headache isn’t usually a cause for concern, but if you’re experiencing frequent headaches or a lasting, severe headache, it’s critical that you seek medical care. […] Headaches can be a symptom of a serious underlying health issue, such as a tumor, a blood clot, or another medical condition that requires immediate medical attention.

• #2 Patient education: Migraine in adults (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/migraines-in-adults-beyond-the-basics

  Preventive treatment helps to reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks in most people. […] Menstrual migraine refers to migraine attacks that occur around the beginning of the menstrual period (usually two days before to three days after the period begins). […] Initial treatment of acute menstrual migraine is the same as treatment for migraine occurring at any other time. […] If you get menstrual migraine attacks, or migraine symptoms that otherwise seem triggered by hormonal changes, talk to your health care provider about your options for treatment and prevention.

• #2 Headache & Migraine | UC San Diego Health

  https://health.ucsd.edu/care/neurological/headache/

  Other red flags that require immediate medical attention include headaches that: Always occur on the same side of the head, Worsen when lying down, Started while on steroids, chemotherapy, HIV medications or any other immunosuppressant medication, Started after the age of 50 for the first time or are „the worst headache of my life”. […] You can greatly help your physician tailor an effective treatment to your condition by keeping a detailed headache diary. […] We use a team approach to collaborate with you and your primary doctor, as well as other specialists as needed. Strategies we offer at UC San Diego Health include: Both new and long-established medications, Neuromodulation devices approved by the FDA, Procedures such as nerve blocks, sphenopalatine ganglion blocks, trigger point injections, Botox, Physical therapy and biofeedback, Acupuncture. […] For patients who do not respond to a single approach, we combine multiple treatment options. Healthy lifestyle choices and good mental health are always core components of our treatment plans.

• #2

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ut1815

  Headaches have many possible causes. Most headaches aren’t a sign of a more serious problem, and they will get better on their own. Home treatment may help you feel better faster. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line if you are having problems. […] Rest in a quiet, dark room until your headache is gone. Close your eyes and try to relax or go to sleep. Don’t watch TV or read. […] Take pain medicines exactly as directed. […] Do not ignore new symptoms that occur with a headache, such as a fever, weakness or numbness, vision changes, or confusion. These may be signs of a more serious problem. […] Call your doctor or nurse advice line now or seek immediate medical care if: You have a fever and a stiff neck. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if: Your headaches get worse, happen more often, or change in some way.

• #2 Headache & Migraine: Nursing Diagnoses, Care Plans, Assessment & Interventions | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/headache-migraine-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  Nursing interventions and care are essential for the patients recovery. […] Educate the patient on triggers of headaches and migraines, such as: […] Medication-overuse headaches (also known as rebound headaches) occur from excessive use of medications to treat headache pain and are the most common type of secondary headache. […] Once the nurse identifies nursing diagnoses for a migraine or headache, nursing care plans help prioritize assessments and interventions for both short and long-term goals of care. […] Pain is subjective and may be experienced differently from one patient to another. Pain felt in migraine and other types of headaches can range from mild to severe, and can be recurring and disabling. […] Nonpharmacologic interventions can be used along with medications and include: […] Administer antiemetics and pain medications as indicated. Antiemetics address and manage nausea and vomiting in patients suffering from headaches or migraines.

• #2 Consensus recommendations on the role of nurses in headache care: A European e-Delphi study – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38708967/

  Nurses work at headache centres throughout Europe, and their care for migraine patients is acknowledged. However, the specific roles and tasks of nursing vary, and a unified understanding is lacking, posing challenges to knowledge sharing and research. […] Using an e-Delphi study method, the objective is to obtain healthcare professional headache experts’ opinions on nursing-specific roles and tasks and combine this into consensus statements for nurse recommendations for migraine treatment. […] Nursing plays a vital role with diverse tasks in migraine care. This study offers practical recommendations and a framework for nurses, equipping them with a clinical tool to enhance care and promote a coordinated approach to migraine treatment.

• #3

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/headache-disorders

  Headache disorders are among the most common disorders of the nervous system. […] Headache disorders ranked third (after stroke and dementia) in accounting for overall neurological disease burden as measured by age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019. […] Headache disorders, which are characterized by recurrent headaches, are associated with personal and societal burdens of pain, disability, damaged quality of life and financial cost. […] Worldwide, only a minority of people with headache disorders are appropriately diagnosed and treated by a health care provider. […] Headache has been underestimated, under-recognized and under-treated throughout the world. […] Many of those troubled by headaches do not receive effective diagnosis and care. Appropriate treatment of headache disorders requires training of health professionals, accurate diagnosis and recognition of the conditions, appropriate treatment with cost-effective medications, simple lifestyle modifications and patient education.

• #3 What to Do About Headaches (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/headaches-sheet.html

  Headaches usually are brief and can be caused by many things, including too little sleep, eye strain, stress, sinus infections, or a bump to the head. […] Most headaches respond to home care. To help ease pain, have your child: lie down in a dark, quiet room, drink liquids, take acetaminophen or ibuprofen as needed, put a cool, moist cloth across the forehead or eyes. […] Get Medical Care if the Headaches: happen once a month or more, don’t go away easily, are more painful than usual, prevent your child from participating in everyday activities, follow a head injury or loss of consciousness, come with any of these symptoms: decreased alertness or confusion, fever, vomiting, changes in vision, weakness, skin rash, neck pain or stiffness. […] Some types of headaches can be prevented by avoiding certain things that can cause them, such as getting too little sleep, some medicines, not drinking enough liquids, and using a screen or watching TV for a long time.

• #3 Headache Pain: When to Worry, What to Do – Harvard Health Publishing – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/pain/headache-when-to-worry-what-to-do

  If you get occasional tension-type headaches, you can take care of them yourself. Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen (Tylenol, other brands) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, naproxen (Aleve, other brands), or ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil, other brands) often do the trick, but follow the directions on the label, and never take more than you should. […] If you need more help, your doctor may prescribe a stronger pain medication or a muscle relaxant to control headache pain. Many people with recurrent tension-type headaches can prevent attacks by taking a tricyclic antidepressant such as amitriptyline (Elavil, generic). […] If you spot a migraine in its very earliest stages, you may be able to control it with nonprescription pain relievers. Acetaminophen, aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, and a combination of pain medications and caffeine are all effective if you take a full dose very early in the attack.

• #3 18 Remedies to Get Rid of Headaches Naturally

  https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/headache-remedies

  Acupuncture has been linked to a reduction in headache symptoms in many studies. […] Practicing yoga is an excellent way to relieve stress, increase flexibility, decrease pain, and improve your overall quality of life. […] Strong odors like those from perfumes and cleaning products can cause certain individuals to develop headaches. […] Research suggests that certain herbs, including curcumin, chamomile, and butterbur, may reduce headache symptoms. […] Foods containing nitrates and nitrites have been shown to trigger headaches in some people. […] A 2021 review that included three randomized control trials found that treatment with ginger supplements helped reduce pain in people with migraine. […] One of the simplest ways to reduce headache frequency and severity is to engage in physical activity.

• #3 Self-Care Management of Headaches

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/selfcare-management-of-headaches

  Headaches represent a prevalent health issue experienced by individuals throughout their lives and frequently constitute a common complaint encountered by health practitioners in emergency department settings, particularly among adults aged 18 to 44 years in the United States. […] Pharmacists play a crucial role in mitigating the impact of headaches by educating patients and recommending various treatment options, such as OTC products, nonpharmacologic approaches, self-care strategies, or advising patients to seek further medical attention from their healthcare provider. […] Pharmacists play a pivotal role in ensuring that patients receive safe and informed treatment, extending beyond prescription medications to encompass comprehensive healthcare guidance. […] Headaches can typically be addressed using OTC products and nonpharmacologic interventions, guided by the assessment and advice provided by pharmacists.

• #3 Headache and Migraine Care | Geisinger 

  https://www.geisinger.org/patient-care/conditions-treatments-specialty/headaches-and-migraines

  Occipital neuralgia causes sudden and severe pain in the back of the head and is often misdiagnosed. Occipital nerve blocks involve injecting steroids and local anesthetic directly into the nerves to block pain. […] Some types of headaches respond to injections of steroids or numbing medication at the trigger point (the area of muscle where it hurts). These injections can help alleviate pain and relieve tension. […] Making certain lifestyle modifications like managing stress, getting regular exercise, maintaining a consistent sleep schedule and avoiding triggers (like certain foods, alcohol or bright lights) can help prevent headaches and migraines. […] Your provider can help identify your triggers and develop a plan for any lifestyle changes you should make to reduce the frequency and intensity of your headaches.

• #3 Headaches – types, causes, migraines, treatment and prevention | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/headaches

  If you have a sudden, severe headache or if you have a headache with vomiting, confusion, neck stiffness or changes in your vision, call triple zero (000) and ask for an ambulance. […] Headaches are common and usually not concerning, but occasionally they can be caused by a serious illness. […] Most headaches can be managed by avoiding triggers and taking pain relief medicines, but some types of headaches respond to other treatments. […] See your doctor if your headaches are interfering with your day-to-day activities, getting worse, or changing in any way. […] You should see your doctor if your headaches occur frequently, and they prevent you from doing the things you can normally do. […] You should go immediately to your nearest hospital emergency department if you have a headache with: fever and vomiting, confusion or a change in personality, neck stiffness, blurred or double vision, loss of balance, a seizure.

• #3 Headache and Migraine Relief in NJ | Hackensack Meridian Health

  https://www.hackensackmeridianhealth.org/en/services/neurosciences/headache-migraine-treatments

  Patients who have headaches that are related to or triggered by stress, depression or anxiety may benefit from psychological counseling, which may help patients deal with the emotional impact of recurrent and chronic pain. […] Using an integrative approach, your headache physician and psychologist will work together to treat your headaches both physically and psychologically. Often you can see your headache physician and psychologist on the same day, avoiding multiple appointments in different locations.

• #4

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/headache-disorders

  Headache disorders are among the most common disorders of the nervous system. […] Headache disorders ranked third (after stroke and dementia) in accounting for overall neurological disease burden as measured by age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019. […] Headache disorders, which are characterized by recurrent headaches, are associated with personal and societal burdens of pain, disability, damaged quality of life and financial cost. […] Worldwide, only a minority of people with headache disorders are appropriately diagnosed and treated by a health care provider. […] Headache has been underestimated, under-recognized and under-treated throughout the world. […] Many of those troubled by headaches do not receive effective diagnosis and care. Appropriate treatment of headache disorders requires training of health professionals, accurate diagnosis and recognition of the conditions, appropriate treatment with cost-effective medications, simple lifestyle modifications and patient education.

• #5 Headache: What It Is, Types, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9639-headaches

  Headaches are a very common condition that most people will experience many times during their lives. The main symptom of a headache is pain in your head or face. While most headaches aren’t dangerous, certain types can be a sign of a serious underlying condition. […] Primary headaches typically aren’t dangerous, but they can be very painful and disrupt your day-to-day life. […] Treatment for headaches depends on the type. […] One of the most crucial aspects of treating primary headaches is figuring out your triggers. […] Not every headache requires medication. A range of treatments is available. […] Treatment for secondary headaches involves treating the underlying medical condition causing it. […] The key to preventing headaches is figuring out what triggers them. […] Although researchers are closer than ever before to a cure, at this time, there isn’t a cure for primary headaches. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing future episodes. […] If your headaches are interfering with your daily functioning or affecting your mood, it’s important to talk to your healthcare provider.

• #6 Headaches

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/headaches/

  Most headaches go away on their own and are not a sign of something more serious. […] Headaches can last 30 minutes, several hours, or sometimes several days. […] Non-urgent advice: See a GP if your headache keeps coming back. […] Painkillers do not help and your headache gets worse. […] You have a bad throbbing pain at the front or side of your head it could be a migraine or, more rarely, a cluster headache. […] You feel sick, vomit and find light or noise painful. […] You regularly get headaches before or during your period. […] Urgent advice: Get an urgent GP appointment or call 111 if you or your child has a severe headache. […] You or your child has an extremely painful headache and sudden problems speaking or remembering things. […] Common causes of headaches include having a cold or flu, stress, drinking too much alcohol, bad posture, eyesight problems, not eating regular meals, not drinking enough fluids (dehydration), taking too many painkillers, having your period or during menopause (hormone headache).

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