Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Traveler’s diarrhea – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/travelers-diarrhea/symptoms-causes/syc-20352182

  Traveler’s diarrhea is a digestive tract disorder that commonly causes loose stools and stomach cramps. It’s caused by eating contaminated food or drinking contaminated water. Fortunately, traveler’s diarrhea usually isn’t serious in most people it’s just unpleasant. […] Traveler’s diarrhea may begin suddenly during your trip or shortly after you return home. Most people improve within 1 to 2 days without treatment and recover completely within a week. However, you can have multiple episodes of traveler’s diarrhea during one trip. […] The most common symptoms of traveler’s diarrhea are: Suddenly passing three or more looser watery stools a day. An urgent need to pass stool. Stomach cramps. Nausea. Vomiting. Fever. […] Sometimes, people experience moderate to severe dehydration, ongoing vomiting, a high fever, bloody stools, or severe pain in the belly or rectum. If you or your child experiences any of these symptoms or if the diarrhea lasts longer than a few days, it’s time to see a healthcare professional.

• #1 Traveller’s diarrhoea | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/travellers-diarrhoea

  Symptoms of travellers diarrhoea include abdominal pain, cramps and the need to urgently and frequently pass watery stools (faeces). […] The symptoms include: abdominal bloating, cramps and pain, nausea, urgency to go to the toilet, loose, watery stools (faeces or poo) passed frequently, mild temperature, general malaise (weakness or discomfort). […] In most cases, travellers diarrhoea is self-limiting and tends to clear up in around four days.

• #1 Traveler’s Diarrhea: Advice For Travelers Suffering

  http://www.travelandimmunizationclinic.com/advice-for-travelers-on-travelers-diarrhea/

  Traveler’s diarrhea is considered the most predictable illness related to travel. The majority of cases of Traveler’s diarrhea begin all of the sudden. The illness typically results in an increase in the weight, volume and frequency of a person’s stool. An altered stool consistency is also quite common. In most cases, a traveler will suffer from four or five watery or loose bowel movements per day. Other symptoms include malaise, urgency, fever, bloating, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, vomiting, and nausea. […] In most cases, the issue will be benign and resolve itself within a day or two without having to seek treatment.

• #1 Travelers’ Diarrhea | Yellow Book | CDC

  https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/preparing/travelers-diarrhea

  The incubation period between exposure and clinical presentation can provide clues to etiology. Toxin-mediated illness, for example, generally causes symptoms within a few hours. By contrast, illnesses caused by bacterial and viral pathogens have incubation periods of 6-96 hours. In general, illnesses due to protozoal pathogens have longer incubation periods (1-2 weeks), rarely presenting in the first few days of travel. An exception is Cyclospora cayetanensis infection, in which symptoms can present quickly (2-14 days).

• #1 Traveler’s Diarrhea: Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/travelers-diarrhea

  The typical symptoms of traveler’s diarrhea include: […] With traveler’s diarrhea caused by bacteria or a virus, symptoms usually show up between 6 and 24 hours after infection. Parasitic infections can take longer, sometimes 1-3 weeks. […] It’s common to start to feel better after a day or two and completely recover after about a week.

• #1 Traveller’s diarrhea｜Accès pharma chez Walmart | Accès pharma

  https://www.accespharma.ca/en/your-health/seasonal/travel/travellers-diarrhea

  The cornerstone of treating travellers diarrhea is maintaining proper hydration. While staying hydrated is usually sufficient, taking medication may be necessary in more concerning cases. […] Diarrhea is considered mild if it is tolerable and does not interfere with planned activities. Mild symptoms usually resolve on their own and do not require any special treatment. However, if the need to use the restroom becomes too frequent or if you dont have easy access to facilities (such as during a journey), these anti-diarrheal medications can be used: Bismuth subsalicylate (e.g., Pepto-Bismol) […] Antibiotics are not recommended for mild diarrhea. […] Diarrhea that is intense enough to interfere with planned activities is considered moderate. For self-treatment of these cases, the use of loperamide (e.g., Imodium) as monotherapy, meaning taken alone, is recommended.

• #1 Travelers’ Diarrhea | Yellow Book | CDC

  https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/preparing/travelers-diarrhea

  Travelers’ diarrhea (TD) is the most predictable travel-related illness. Attack rates range from 30% to 70% of travelers during a 2-week period, depending on the destination and season of travel. TD is a clinical syndrome that can result from a variety of intestinal pathogens. Bacterial and viral TD present with the sudden onset of symptoms that can range from mild cramps and urgent loose stools to severe abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, fever, and vomiting; with norovirus, vomiting can be more prominent. Diarrhea caused by protozoa (e.g., Cryptosporidium, Giardia duodenalis) may have a more gradual onset of low-grade symptoms, with 25 loose stools per day. Untreated, bacterial diarrhea usually lasts 3-7 days. Viral diarrhea generally lasts 2-3 days. Protozoal diarrhea can persist for weeks to months without treatment. An acute (less than 2 weeks) bout of TD can lead to persistent enteric symptoms, even in the absence of continued infection. This presentation is commonly referred to as post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome.

• #1 Traveler’s Diarrhea: Symptoms & How to Get Relief – Southern Iowa Mental Health Center

  https://simhcottumwa.org/travelers-diarrhea-symptoms-how-to-get-relief/

  Dr. Alexander Leung noted in Travelers Diarrhea: A Clinical Review, Travelers diarrhea is usually self-limited. If left untreated, approximately 50% of the patients are spontaneously cured in 48 hours and, in the majority of patients, the average duration of diarrhea is 4 to 5 days. […] He does add that the clinical course tends to be more severe and prolonged in children, especially those younger than 2 years of age.

• #1 Traveler’s diarrhea – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/travelers-diarrhea/symptoms-causes/syc-20352182

  Traveler’s diarrhea usually goes away on its own within several days. Symptoms may last longer and be more severe if it’s caused by certain bacteria or parasites. In such cases, you may need prescription medicines to help you get better. […] If you’re an adult, see your doctor if: Your diarrhea lasts beyond two days. You become dehydrated. You have severe stomach or rectal pain. You have bloody or black stools. You have a fever above 102 F (39 C). […] Be especially cautious with children because traveler’s diarrhea can cause severe dehydration in a short time. Call a doctor if your child is sick and has any of the following symptoms: Ongoing vomiting. A fever of 102 F (39 C) or more. Bloody stools or severe diarrhea. Dry mouth or crying without tears. Signs of being unusually sleepy, drowsy or unresponsive. Decreased volume of urine, including fewer wet diapers in infants.

• #1 Post-Travel Diarrhea | Yellow Book | CDC

  https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/posttravel-evaluation/persistent-diarrhea-in-returned-travelers

  While most travelers will have onset and resolution of diarrhea during their trip, some will present with symptoms after return. […] Although most cases of travelers’ diarrhea (TD) are acute and self-limited, some people develop persistent (14 days) gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. […] Most cases of TD are the result of bacterial or viral infection and are short-lived and self-limited. […] In addition to prolonged symptoms of typical pathogens among immunosuppressed persons and sequential infection with different pathogens, ongoing infection with parasites can cause prolonged diarrheal symptoms. […] While individual bacterial infections rarely cause persistent symptoms, travelers infected with bacteria known to cause mucosal inflammation, such as Campylobacter spp., Shigella spp., or Salmonella spp., as well as diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, can experience persistent diarrhea, including cases where the organism may be resistant against antibiotics commonly used for empiric treatment of TD.

• #1 Traveler’s diarrhea – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/travelers-diarrhea/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352188

  Diagnosing traveler’s diarrhea typically involves taking a medical and travel history. A physical exam may be done to check for signs of dehydration. If symptoms are serious or don’t resolve on their own, a stool sample may be done to check for microorganisms. […] Traveler’s diarrhea may get better without any treatment. But while you’re waiting, it’s important to try to stay hydrated with safe liquids, such as bottled water or water with electrolytes such as an oral rehydration solution. […] Dehydration is the most likely complication of traveler’s diarrhea, so it’s important to try to stay well hydrated. […] If dehydration symptoms such as dry mouth, intense thirst, little or no urination, dizziness, or extreme weakness don’t improve, seek medical care right away. Oral rehydration solutions are intended only for urgent short-term use.

• #1 Traveler’s diarrhea diet – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/travelers-diarrhea-diet

  Traveler’s diarrhea causes loose, watery stools. […] Signs of severe dehydration include: Decreased urine output (fewer wet diapers in infants), Dry mouth, Few tears when crying, Sunken eyes. […] Get medical help right away if you or your child has symptoms of severe dehydration, or if you have a fever or bloody stools.

• #1 Traveler’s Diarrhea – Chester County Pediatrics

  https://chestercountypediatrics.com/child-health-library/healthwise?DOCHWID=aa140669spec

  Traveler’s diarrhea can be mild to severe. Most people who develop traveler’s diarrhea experience symptoms within the first 2 weeks, and often within 2 to 3 days, of arriving in a developing area. Symptoms include: […] Fever, vomiting, and stools with blood or mucus. These symptoms mean you have serious diarrhea, which is more likely to lead to problems with dehydration. Dehydration may alter the effect of any medicines being taken, such as oral contraceptives or antimalarials.

• #1 Post-Travel Diarrhea | Yellow Book | CDC

  https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/posttravel-evaluation/persistent-diarrhea-in-returned-travelers

  Symptoms may include watery diarrhea, nausea, or abdominal cramping. […] Disease may be more severe and prolonged in immunocompromised individuals. […] Persistent TD also has been associated with tropical sprue and Brainerd diarrhea, both of which are believed to be caused by an infectious agent, although their culprit pathogens have yet to be identified. […] In some cases, persistent symptoms relate to chronic underlying GI disease or to a susceptibility unmasked by the enteric infection. […] Most prominent among these is celiac disease, a systemic disease manifesting primarily with small bowel changes. […] In genetically susceptible people, exposure to antigens found in wheat causes villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and malabsorption. […] After an acute diarrheal infection, patients might experience a temporary enteropathy characterized by villous atrophy, decreased absorptive surface area, and disaccharidase deficiencies, which can lead to osmotic diarrhea, particularly after consuming large amounts of fructose, lactose, sorbitol, or sucrose.

• #1 Everything you ever wanted to know about traveller’s diarrhoea – Lonely Planet

  https://www.lonelyplanet.com/articles/avoiding-treating-travellers-diarrhoea

  Traveller’s diarrhoea is generally a short, mild illness lasting on average about three to five days. […] The usual scenario is that the illness starts a few days after you arrive, and involves up to six episodes of loose faeces a day. You may feel sorry for yourself, but it doesn’t usually make you feel particularly unwell. […] The illness generally resolves itself in a few days (on average three to five). It rarely causes severe dehydration, although the potential is always there and is more of a risk in children and older travellers. […] Dysentery is any diarrhoea with blood in it. It can be more severe and protracted than the more common watery diarrhoea described earlier, and usually needs antibiotic treatment. […] Dysentery usually begins with nonspecific flu-like symptoms, and you often feel really rough, with headache, high fever (38C and above), and aches and pains all over.

• #1 Traveller’s Diarrhoea (Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/travellers-diarrhoea-pro

  Traveller’s diarrhoea symptoms […] Most pathogens cause mild self-limiting diarrhoea for less than 72 hours. […] Diarrhoea lasting for longer than 14 days suggests more unusual organisms and testing for Giardia, Entamoeba, Cyclospora and Cryptosporidium species is required. […] Bloody diarrhoea (dysentery) occurs more commonly with some pathogens (Salmonella, Shigella and Campylobacter species). Some pain may accompany infection with Campylobacter spp. […] Diarrhoea caused by enterotoxigenic E. coli is usually watery and profuse. It may be preceded by abdominal pains, nausea and general malaise. […] G. lamblia is often associated with bloating and burping. […] In children aged under 5 years rotavirus is a common pathogen. […] However, it is not possible to make a reliable diagnosis from the history alone.

• #1 Everything you ever wanted to know about traveller’s diarrhoea – Lonely Planet

  https://www.lonelyplanet.com/articles/avoiding-treating-travellers-diarrhoea

  To start with, the diarrhoea is often watery and in large quantities; later it gets less and you start to notice blood and mucus (slime) mixed in your faeces. […] If you suddenly get an attack of nausea and profuse vomiting soon after eating, it’s probably due to food poisoning. […] Vomiting is the main symptom, often with stomach cramps and some watery diarrhoea later. […] If diarrhoea strikes, you don’t necessarily need to reach for your medical kit for „stoppers” which paralyses the gut and stops the flow, or for antibiotics; there are some simple measures it’s worth taking. […] The most important treatment measure is to avoid dehydration by replacing lost fluids and salts, which you should start doing straight away.

• #1 Travellers’ Diarrhoea – Travelvax

  http://www.travelvax.com.au/holiday-traveller/other-diseases/travellers-diarrhoea

  Dysentery – any diarrhoea containing blood or mucous. […] Giardia – explosive diarrhoea with bloating and rotten egg gas-like burping and flatulence. […] Most cases are resolved spontaneously with fluid replacement within 3 – 4 days. Persistent or complicated diarrhoea may require further drug treatment. […] Dehydration is the most serious consequence associated with most forms of travellers diarrhoea. Travellers experiencing TD should drink small amounts of clean water frequently to maintain good urine output (urinating twice a day, preferably more). […] Fluid lost through vomiting or persistent diarrhoea must be replaced to facilitate recovery. […] Aim to maintain clear-coloured urine. Small amounts of dark-coloured urine may indicate the need to increase fluid intake. […] Eating rice may assist early recovery. Avoid dairy products, fatty foods and spicy foods until diarrhoea has settled.

• #1 Post-Travel Diarrhea | Yellow Book | CDC

  https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/posttravel-evaluation/persistent-diarrhea-in-returned-travelers

  A rare cause of post-travel persistent diarrhea is Yersinia spp., a foodborne bacterial infection which can present as a subacute febrile gastroenteritis. […] Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea can occur after or during antibiotic use, including malaria chemoprophylaxis. […] The association between C. difficile and antimicrobial treatment is especially important to consider in patients with persistent TD that seems refractory to multiple courses of empiric antibiotic therapy. […] Giardia duodenalis is the most likely parasitic pathogen to cause persistent diarrhea. […] When giardiasis is left untreated, symptoms can last for months, even in immunocompetent hosts. […] Infection with Entamoeba histolytica, or amebiasis, can result in intestinal symptoms ranging from mild diarrhea to dysentery.

• #1 Traveller’s diarrhea｜Accès pharma chez Walmart | Accès pharma

  https://www.accespharma.ca/en/your-health/seasonal/travel/travellers-diarrhea

  Severe diarrhea is incapacitating and completely prevents planned activities. Any occurrence of dysentery (passage of bloody diarrhea) is considered severe. In the case of severe symptoms, its time to use the antibiotics prescribed to you. […] Although travellers diarrhea is usually a temporary and mild condition, complications should be taken seriously. Dehydration can have severe consequences, potentially leading to death. […] The following symptoms indicate the need to seek urgent medical attention: Severe diarrhea that hasnt improved after 24 to 48 hours of antibiotic treatment […] Signs of severe dehydration […] A worrying general condition. […] Special care should be taken with individuals who are more vulnerable, as dehydration may occur more rapidly or may be harder to detect in: Children, especially infants and toddlers […] Individuals with weakened immune systems.

• #1 Travelers’ Diarrhea: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, More

  https://www.health.com/condition/diarrhea/travelers-diarrhea

  Most people with travelers’ diarrhea make full recoveries. In rare, severe cases, complications can occur. For example, dehydration is one of the most common complications of travelers’ diarrhea. Dehydration happens if you lose too many fluids through acute diarrhea, requiring immediate medical attention. […] Other complications of travelers’ diarrhea may include: […] Typically, those complications are more common in older adults and children younger than 4 than others. […] To manage travelers’ diarrhea, follow a healthcare provider’s advice and treatment plan. Other steps to keep comfortable while your symptoms resolve include staying hydrated and practicing proper hygiene, such as handwashing. […] Travelers’ diarrhea causes acute diarrhea that comes on while traveling. You can avoid travelers’ diarrhea as much as possible by watching what you eat and drink while traveling outside the country. To treat mild cases, staying hydrated is essential.

• #1 Traveler’s diarrhea: Causes, treatment, and prevention

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/travelers-diarrhea

  Travelers diarrhea (TD) is the most common travel-related illness. It regularly affects millions of international travelers that visit countries with different sanitization standards and can significantly disrupt travel plans. Evidence suggests that the incidence of TD ranges from 30-70% of travelers, depending on the destination and season of travel. […] Health experts may define TD as 3 or more loose stools in a 24-hour period during a trip abroad to a country with different hygiene practices. It often presents with other symptoms, such as nausea and vomiting. The onset of symptoms may be during or within 10 days of travel and typically lasts for 3-5 days. […] Symptoms of TD may include: frequent loose stools, nausea and vomiting, fever, abdominal pain and discomfort, stools containing blood or mucus. Symptoms typically appear during or shortly after a period of foreign travel. The symptoms and duration of TD may vary depending on the causative agent. For example, without treatment bacterial or viral diarrhea may last for a few days, while protozoal diarrhea can persist for weeks or months.

• #2 Travelers’ Diarrhea | Yellow Book | CDC

  https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/preparing/travelers-diarrhea

  Travelers’ diarrhea (TD) is the most predictable travel-related illness. Attack rates range from 30% to 70% of travelers during a 2-week period, depending on the destination and season of travel. TD is a clinical syndrome that can result from a variety of intestinal pathogens. Bacterial and viral TD present with the sudden onset of symptoms that can range from mild cramps and urgent loose stools to severe abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, fever, and vomiting; with norovirus, vomiting can be more prominent. Diarrhea caused by protozoa (e.g., Cryptosporidium, Giardia duodenalis) may have a more gradual onset of low-grade symptoms, with 25 loose stools per day. Untreated, bacterial diarrhea usually lasts 3-7 days. Viral diarrhea generally lasts 2-3 days. Protozoal diarrhea can persist for weeks to months without treatment. An acute (less than 2 weeks) bout of TD can lead to persistent enteric symptoms, even in the absence of continued infection. This presentation is commonly referred to as post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome.

• #2 Traveler’s Diarrhea: What It Is, Treatment & Antibiotics

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/7315-travelers-diarrhea

  Travelers diarrhea is a brief but unpleasant gastrointestinal infection that affects travelers and others who consume contaminated food or water. It typically causes loose poops (diarrhea) and abdominal cramps. […] You may have travelers diarrhea if you experience three or more loose poops within 24 hours. You may also experience: Urgent, frequent bowel movements, Abdominal pain and cramping, Nausea and vomiting, Fever. Symptoms are usually mild. They may start within six to 24 hours after a bacterial or viral infection. But it can take one to three weeks for travelers diarrhea symptoms from an intestinal parasite to show up. […] If you have a bacterial infection, you’ll start to feel better within two to three days even if you don’t have any treatment. But it may take a week for your symptoms to go away. Travelers diarrhea symptoms that last for weeks or months may mean you have a parasitic infection.

• #2 Traveler’s Diarrhea – Digestive Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/digestive-disorders/gastroenteritis/traveler-s-diarrhea

  Travelers diarrhea is an infection characterized by diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting that commonly occur in travelers to areas of the world with poor water purification. […] Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea can occur with any degree of severity. […] The following symptoms of traveler’s diarrhea can occur in any combination and with any degree of severity: Nausea, Vomiting, Intestinal rumbling, Abdominal cramping, Diarrhea, Fever. […] These symptoms begin 12 to 72 hours after ingesting contaminated food or water. Vomiting, headache, and muscle pain are particularly common in infections caused by norovirus. Rarely, diarrhea is bloody. […] Most cases are mild and disappear without treatment within 3 to 5 days.

• #2 Travelers’ diarrhea – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travelers%27_diarrhea

  Symptoms Unformed stool while traveling, fever, abdominal cramps, headache. […] It may be accompanied by abdominal cramps, nausea, fever, headache and bloating. […] Typically, a traveler experiences four to five loose or watery bowel movements each day. Other commonly associated symptoms are abdominal cramping, bloating, fever, and malaise. Appetite may decrease significantly. […] Though unpleasant, most cases of TD are mild, and resolve in a few days without medical intervention. […] Blood or mucus in the diarrhea, significant abdominal pain, or high fever suggests a more serious cause, such as cholera, characterized by a rapid onset of weakness and torrents of watery diarrhea with flecks of mucus (described as „rice water” stools). Medical care should be sought in such cases; dehydration is a serious consequence of cholera, and may trigger serious sequelae including, in rare instances, death as rapidly as 24 hours after onset if not addressed promptly. […] Although travelers’ diarrhea usually resolves within three to five days (mean duration: 3.6 days), in about 20% of cases, the illness is severe enough to require bedrest, and in 10%, the illness duration exceeds one week.

• #2

  https://www.acofp.org/news-and-publications/journal/article-detail/vol-16-no-3-(2024)-summer-2024/travelers-diarrhea

  Travelers diarrhea is a condition related to the ingestion of contaminated food or water, which commonly occurs after traveling to another country. […] The symptoms of travelers diarrhea typically begin within the first week of arrival; however, symptoms can occur any time during travel, even after returning home. The symptoms typically subside within 5 days without treatment. […] Symptoms can include large amounts of loose-to-watery diarrhea occurring at least 3 times within a 24-hour period. Symptoms can also include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, abdominal cramping, or fever (100.4F). […] Travelers diarrhea will usually resolve within 3 to 7 days without any treatment.

• #2 Travelers’ Diarrhea | Yellow Book | CDC

  https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/preparing/travelers-diarrhea

  The incubation period between exposure and clinical presentation can provide clues to etiology. Toxin-mediated illness, for example, generally causes symptoms within a few hours. By contrast, illnesses caused by bacterial and viral pathogens have incubation periods of 6-96 hours. In general, illnesses due to protozoal pathogens have longer incubation periods (1-2 weeks), rarely presenting in the first few days of travel. An exception is Cyclospora cayetanensis infection, in which symptoms can present quickly (2-14 days).

• #2 3 Things to Do When Traveler’s Diarrhea Is Ruining Your Life | SELF

  https://www.self.com/story/three-things-travelers-diarrhea

  A couple of months ago, my husband and I went to Cuba to celebrate our one-year wedding anniversary. […] We had travelers diarrhea (TD for short), a gastrointestinal infection that causes loose stools and abdominal cramps, among other unpleasant, flu-like symptoms. […] When youre exposed to these bugssome of which your body rarely, if ever, encountersthey can trigger an infection and cause not only diarrhea, but also cramps, fever, and vomiting (as well as the why-the-hell-is-this-happening-to-me blues, in my experience). […] Most cases are mild and resolve naturally within a few days, but some (like mine, lucky me!) can get quite serious and prevent you from going about your daily life. […] On to the intensity of your poops: Per the CDCs travel guidebook, mild cases of travelers diarrhea dont interrupt your daily activities (meaning, it sucks but you can handle it), moderate ones mess with your plans and can be fairly distressing, and in severe cases youre totally unable to go about your life because the pain, the poop, the entire predicament is that intense. […] More serious cases of TDthose that involve bloody diarrhea or more than three watery poops a daymay require a course of antibiotics to get your bowels back on track.

• #2 Traveller’s diarrhea｜Accès pharma chez Walmart | Accès pharma

  https://www.accespharma.ca/en/your-health/seasonal/travel/travellers-diarrhea

  Severe diarrhea is incapacitating and completely prevents planned activities. Any occurrence of dysentery (passage of bloody diarrhea) is considered severe. In the case of severe symptoms, its time to use the antibiotics prescribed to you. […] Although travellers diarrhea is usually a temporary and mild condition, complications should be taken seriously. Dehydration can have severe consequences, potentially leading to death. […] The following symptoms indicate the need to seek urgent medical attention: Severe diarrhea that hasnt improved after 24 to 48 hours of antibiotic treatment […] Signs of severe dehydration […] A worrying general condition. […] Special care should be taken with individuals who are more vulnerable, as dehydration may occur more rapidly or may be harder to detect in: Children, especially infants and toddlers […] Individuals with weakened immune systems.

• #2 Traveler’s diarrhea Guide: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Options

  https://www.drugs.com/health-guide/traveler-s-diarrhea.html

  Most episodes of traveler’s diarrhea occur in the first or second week of the trip. Symptoms vary depending on what organism causes the problem. People have at least three loose stools per day and often a lot more. They also may experience fatigue, decreased appetite, abdominal cramps, nausea, and vomiting. Usually there is no blood in the stool (feces). […] Traveler’s diarrhea usually improves on its own within five days. […] In most cases, traveler’s diarrhea ends within three to five days without antibiotic treatment. However, it is a good idea to get a prescription from your doctor, and bring the antibiotic medication with you in case you need it. The general advice is to take antibiotics if you develop moderate or severe symptoms, such as fever, more than four episodes of diarrhea per day, or blood or mucus in the stool. […] Traveler’s diarrhea is inconvenient, but it is rarely serious. The most worrisome complication is severe dehydration.

• #2 Post-Travel Diarrhea | Yellow Book | CDC

  https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/posttravel-evaluation/persistent-diarrhea-in-returned-travelers

  While most travelers will have onset and resolution of diarrhea during their trip, some will present with symptoms after return. […] Although most cases of travelers’ diarrhea (TD) are acute and self-limited, some people develop persistent (14 days) gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. […] Most cases of TD are the result of bacterial or viral infection and are short-lived and self-limited. […] In addition to prolonged symptoms of typical pathogens among immunosuppressed persons and sequential infection with different pathogens, ongoing infection with parasites can cause prolonged diarrheal symptoms. […] While individual bacterial infections rarely cause persistent symptoms, travelers infected with bacteria known to cause mucosal inflammation, such as Campylobacter spp., Shigella spp., or Salmonella spp., as well as diarrheagenic Escherichia coli, can experience persistent diarrhea, including cases where the organism may be resistant against antibiotics commonly used for empiric treatment of TD.

• #2 Post-Travel Diarrhea | Yellow Book | CDC

  https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/posttravel-evaluation/persistent-diarrhea-in-returned-travelers

  A rare cause of post-travel persistent diarrhea is Yersinia spp., a foodborne bacterial infection which can present as a subacute febrile gastroenteritis. […] Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea can occur after or during antibiotic use, including malaria chemoprophylaxis. […] The association between C. difficile and antimicrobial treatment is especially important to consider in patients with persistent TD that seems refractory to multiple courses of empiric antibiotic therapy. […] Giardia duodenalis is the most likely parasitic pathogen to cause persistent diarrhea. […] When giardiasis is left untreated, symptoms can last for months, even in immunocompetent hosts. […] Infection with Entamoeba histolytica, or amebiasis, can result in intestinal symptoms ranging from mild diarrhea to dysentery.

• #2 Traveler’s diarrhea: Causes, treatment, and prevention

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/travelers-diarrhea

  Typically, most cases of TD resolve in a few days. However, some people may experience prolonged symptoms. An ongoing infection may occur due to immunosuppression, a sequential infection, or parasitic TD. For example, the parasite Giardia often causes symptoms that may take 2-4 weeks to resolve. […] Symptoms can include loose stools and vomiting, which typically resolve in a few days. However, in some cases, symptoms can persist for a few weeks. OTC medications can help to reduce symptoms. With prolonged symptoms, a doctor may prescribe different treatments.

• #2 Traveler’s diarrhea – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/travelers-diarrhea/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352188

  Call a doctor if you have diarrhea that is severe, lasts more than a few days or is bloody. Other signs that you should seek medical attention include: A fever of 102 F (39 C) or higher. Ongoing vomiting. Signs of severe dehydration, including a dry mouth, muscle cramps, decreased urine output, dizziness or fatigue. […] Have you experienced symptoms of dehydration, such as muscle cramps or fatigue?

• #2 Traveler’s diarrhea diet Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/nutrition/traveler-s-diarrhea-diet

  Traveler’s diarrhea causes loose, watery stools. […] Signs of severe dehydration include: […] Get medical help right away if you or your child has symptoms of severe dehydration, or if you have a fever or bloody stools.

• #2

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?Hwid=aa140669spec

  Traveller’s diarrhea can be mild to severe. Most people who develop traveller’s diarrhea have symptoms within the first 2 weeks, and often within 3 to 4 days, of arriving in a developing area. Symptoms include: […] Fever, vomiting, and stools with blood or mucus. These symptoms mean you have serious diarrhea, which is more likely to lead to problems with dehydration. Dehydration may change how some medicines work, such as birth control pills or medicine for malaria.

• #2 Post-Travel Diarrhea | Yellow Book | CDC

  https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/posttravel-evaluation/persistent-diarrhea-in-returned-travelers

  Occasionally, onset of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms occurs after a bout of acute gastroenteritis, known as post-infectious IBS (PI-IBS). […] PI-IBS symptoms can occur after an episode of gastroenteritis or TD. […] Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is characterized by an excess of bacteria in the small intestine and is associated with intestinal motility disorders. […] Symptoms may include IBS-type symptoms such as abdominal discomfort, persistent diarrhea, or flatulence, and, in some cases, manifestations of nutrient malabsorption.

• #2 Everything you ever wanted to know about traveller’s diarrhoea – Lonely Planet

  https://www.lonelyplanet.com/articles/avoiding-treating-travellers-diarrhoea

  To start with, the diarrhoea is often watery and in large quantities; later it gets less and you start to notice blood and mucus (slime) mixed in your faeces. […] If you suddenly get an attack of nausea and profuse vomiting soon after eating, it’s probably due to food poisoning. […] Vomiting is the main symptom, often with stomach cramps and some watery diarrhoea later. […] If diarrhoea strikes, you don’t necessarily need to reach for your medical kit for „stoppers” which paralyses the gut and stops the flow, or for antibiotics; there are some simple measures it’s worth taking. […] The most important treatment measure is to avoid dehydration by replacing lost fluids and salts, which you should start doing straight away.

• #2 Traveler’s Diarrhea: Symptoms & How to Get Relief – Southern Iowa Mental Health Center

  https://simhcottumwa.org/travelers-diarrhea-symptoms-how-to-get-relief/

  Traveler’s diarrhea is frequent, loose, watery stools that occur after travel to an area with poor public hygiene. Unfortunately, it is the most common illness among travelers, according to Johns Hopkins University. […] The Mayo Clinic lists the following symptoms: Abrupt onset of three or more loose watery stools in a day, Urgent need to defecate, Abdominal cramps, Nausea, Vomiting, Fever. […] Severe symptoms indicate you should see a doctor; these include: Diarrhea lasting longer than two days, Dehydration, Severe abdominal or rectal pain, Black or bloody stools, Fever over 102 degrees Fahrenheit. […] In children, travelers diarrhea can cause severe dehydration in a relatively short time; call your child’s health care provider if the following symptoms are occurring: Persistent vomiting, Fever over 102 degrees F, Dry mouth, crying without tears, Unusually sleepy, drowsy or unresponsive, Bloody stools or severe diarrhea, Decreased volume of urine, including fewer wet diapers in infants.

• #2 Traveler’s Diarrhea: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://www.healthday.com/a-to-z-health/public-health/travelers-diarrhea-644683.html

  Dr. Alexander Leung noted in Travelers Diarrhea: A Clinical Review, Travelers diarrhea is usually self-limited. If left untreated, approximately 50% of the patients are spontaneously cured in 48 hours and, in the majority of patients, the average duration of diarrhea is 4 to 5 days. […] He does add that the clinical course tends to be more severe and prolonged in children, especially those younger than 2 years of age.

• #2 Travellers’ diarrhea – Canada.ca

  https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/diarrhea.html

  Symptoms depend on the bacteria, parasite or virus that has caused the illness. […] In addition to diarrhea, they usually include fever, nausea, vomiting, bloating, abdominal cramping and an urgent need to use the bathroom. […] Generally, the symptoms go away in a few days without treatment. […] In more severe and rare cases, travellers’ diarrhea can lead to dehydration and death. This is a particular concern for children, the elderly and individuals with chronic diseases or weakened immune systems. […] If you have blood in your stool, you should seek medical attention, even if your other symptoms are not very severe.

• #2 FAQ on Travelers’ Diarrhea | WDHD

  https://wdhd.worldgastroenterology.org/ongoing-wdhd-campaigns/wdhd-2011/faq-on-travelers-diarrhea

  Travelers’ diarrhea (TD) is the most common illness affecting travelers. Each year between 20%-50% of international travelers, an estimated 10 million persons, develop diarrhea. The onset of TD usually occurs within the first week of travel but may occur at any time while traveling, and even after returning home. […] Most TD cases begin abruptly. The illness usually results in increased frequency, volume, and weight of stool. Altered stool consistency also is common. Typically, a traveler experiences four to five loose or watery bowel movements each day. Other commonly associated symptoms are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramping, bloating, fever, urgency, and malaise. Most cases are benign and resolve in 1-2 days without treatment. TD is rarely life-threatening. The natural history of TD is that 90% of cases resolve within 1 week, and 98% resolve within 1 month.

• #2 Traveler’s diarrhea – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/travelers-diarrhea/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352188

  Diagnosing traveler’s diarrhea typically involves taking a medical and travel history. A physical exam may be done to check for signs of dehydration. If symptoms are serious or don’t resolve on their own, a stool sample may be done to check for microorganisms. […] Traveler’s diarrhea may get better without any treatment. But while you’re waiting, it’s important to try to stay hydrated with safe liquids, such as bottled water or water with electrolytes such as an oral rehydration solution. […] Dehydration is the most likely complication of traveler’s diarrhea, so it’s important to try to stay well hydrated. […] If dehydration symptoms such as dry mouth, intense thirst, little or no urination, dizziness, or extreme weakness don’t improve, seek medical care right away. Oral rehydration solutions are intended only for urgent short-term use.

• #2 Traveller’s diarrhea｜Accès pharma chez Walmart | Accès pharma

  https://www.accespharma.ca/en/your-health/seasonal/travel/travellers-diarrhea

  The cornerstone of treating travellers diarrhea is maintaining proper hydration. While staying hydrated is usually sufficient, taking medication may be necessary in more concerning cases. […] Diarrhea is considered mild if it is tolerable and does not interfere with planned activities. Mild symptoms usually resolve on their own and do not require any special treatment. However, if the need to use the restroom becomes too frequent or if you dont have easy access to facilities (such as during a journey), these anti-diarrheal medications can be used: Bismuth subsalicylate (e.g., Pepto-Bismol) […] Antibiotics are not recommended for mild diarrhea. […] Diarrhea that is intense enough to interfere with planned activities is considered moderate. For self-treatment of these cases, the use of loperamide (e.g., Imodium) as monotherapy, meaning taken alone, is recommended.

• #3

  https://www.acofp.org/news-and-publications/journal/article-detail/vol-16-no-3-(2024)-summer-2024/travelers-diarrhea

  Travelers diarrhea is a condition related to the ingestion of contaminated food or water, which commonly occurs after traveling to another country. […] The symptoms of travelers diarrhea typically begin within the first week of arrival; however, symptoms can occur any time during travel, even after returning home. The symptoms typically subside within 5 days without treatment. […] Symptoms can include large amounts of loose-to-watery diarrhea occurring at least 3 times within a 24-hour period. Symptoms can also include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, abdominal cramping, or fever (100.4F). […] Travelers diarrhea will usually resolve within 3 to 7 days without any treatment.

• #3 Traveler’s Diarrhea – Digestive Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/digestive-disorders/gastroenteritis/traveler-s-diarrhea

  Travelers diarrhea is an infection characterized by diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting that commonly occur in travelers to areas of the world with poor water purification. […] Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea can occur with any degree of severity. […] The following symptoms of traveler’s diarrhea can occur in any combination and with any degree of severity: Nausea, Vomiting, Intestinal rumbling, Abdominal cramping, Diarrhea, Fever. […] These symptoms begin 12 to 72 hours after ingesting contaminated food or water. Vomiting, headache, and muscle pain are particularly common in infections caused by norovirus. Rarely, diarrhea is bloody. […] Most cases are mild and disappear without treatment within 3 to 5 days.

• #3 FAQ on Travelers’ Diarrhea | WDHD

  https://wdhd.worldgastroenterology.org/ongoing-wdhd-campaigns/wdhd-2011/faq-on-travelers-diarrhea

  Travelers’ diarrhea (TD) is the most common illness affecting travelers. Each year between 20%-50% of international travelers, an estimated 10 million persons, develop diarrhea. The onset of TD usually occurs within the first week of travel but may occur at any time while traveling, and even after returning home. […] Most TD cases begin abruptly. The illness usually results in increased frequency, volume, and weight of stool. Altered stool consistency also is common. Typically, a traveler experiences four to five loose or watery bowel movements each day. Other commonly associated symptoms are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramping, bloating, fever, urgency, and malaise. Most cases are benign and resolve in 1-2 days without treatment. TD is rarely life-threatening. The natural history of TD is that 90% of cases resolve within 1 week, and 98% resolve within 1 month.

• #3 Traveler’s Diarrhea: Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/travelers-diarrhea

  The typical symptoms of traveler’s diarrhea include: […] With traveler’s diarrhea caused by bacteria or a virus, symptoms usually show up between 6 and 24 hours after infection. Parasitic infections can take longer, sometimes 1-3 weeks. […] It’s common to start to feel better after a day or two and completely recover after about a week.

• #3 Traveller’s diarrhoea | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/travellers-diarrhoea

  Symptoms of travellers diarrhoea include abdominal pain, cramps and the need to urgently and frequently pass watery stools (faeces). […] The symptoms include: abdominal bloating, cramps and pain, nausea, urgency to go to the toilet, loose, watery stools (faeces or poo) passed frequently, mild temperature, general malaise (weakness or discomfort). […] In most cases, travellers diarrhoea is self-limiting and tends to clear up in around four days.

• #3 Traveler’s diarrhea: Symptoms and treatment

  https://blog.walgreens.com/health/digestive-health/travelers-diarrhea-symptoms-and-treatment.html

  Travelers diarrhea is a common travel-related illness that typically occurs in people visiting a place where the climate or sanitary conditions are different from their home. Its caused by consuming contaminated food or water. […] Although certainly unpleasant, travelers diarrhea usually isnt serious. Diarrhea often resolves on its own after one to five days, although some people may be sick for a week or longer. […] Other symptoms may include: Loss of appetite, Abdominal pain or cramps, Nausea, Vomiting, Gas and bloating, Trouble waiting to have a bowel movement, or feeling like you need to go even if you just went (urgency), Fever, Blood in the stool. […] The most important thing to do if you develop travelers diarrhea is to stay well-hydrated, since diarrhea can cause your body to lose fluid. Your urine should appear light yellow or almost clear if you’re drinking enough liquids.

• #3 Traveller’s Diarrhoea (Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/travellers-diarrhoea-pro

  Traveller’s diarrhoea symptoms […] Most pathogens cause mild self-limiting diarrhoea for less than 72 hours. […] Diarrhoea lasting for longer than 14 days suggests more unusual organisms and testing for Giardia, Entamoeba, Cyclospora and Cryptosporidium species is required. […] Bloody diarrhoea (dysentery) occurs more commonly with some pathogens (Salmonella, Shigella and Campylobacter species). Some pain may accompany infection with Campylobacter spp. […] Diarrhoea caused by enterotoxigenic E. coli is usually watery and profuse. It may be preceded by abdominal pains, nausea and general malaise. […] G. lamblia is often associated with bloating and burping. […] In children aged under 5 years rotavirus is a common pathogen. […] However, it is not possible to make a reliable diagnosis from the history alone.

• #3 Post-Travel Diarrhea | Yellow Book | CDC

  https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/posttravel-evaluation/persistent-diarrhea-in-returned-travelers

  Symptoms may include watery diarrhea, nausea, or abdominal cramping. […] Disease may be more severe and prolonged in immunocompromised individuals. […] Persistent TD also has been associated with tropical sprue and Brainerd diarrhea, both of which are believed to be caused by an infectious agent, although their culprit pathogens have yet to be identified. […] In some cases, persistent symptoms relate to chronic underlying GI disease or to a susceptibility unmasked by the enteric infection. […] Most prominent among these is celiac disease, a systemic disease manifesting primarily with small bowel changes. […] In genetically susceptible people, exposure to antigens found in wheat causes villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and malabsorption. […] After an acute diarrheal infection, patients might experience a temporary enteropathy characterized by villous atrophy, decreased absorptive surface area, and disaccharidase deficiencies, which can lead to osmotic diarrhea, particularly after consuming large amounts of fructose, lactose, sorbitol, or sucrose.

• #3 Travellers’ diarrhea – Canada.ca

  https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/diarrhea.html

  Symptoms depend on the bacteria, parasite or virus that has caused the illness. […] In addition to diarrhea, they usually include fever, nausea, vomiting, bloating, abdominal cramping and an urgent need to use the bathroom. […] Generally, the symptoms go away in a few days without treatment. […] In more severe and rare cases, travellers’ diarrhea can lead to dehydration and death. This is a particular concern for children, the elderly and individuals with chronic diseases or weakened immune systems. […] If you have blood in your stool, you should seek medical attention, even if your other symptoms are not very severe.

• #3 Travelers Diarrhea and What to Do if You Get It

  https://www.emoryhealthcare.org/centers-programs/travelwell/wellness/travelers-diarrhea-what-to-do

  Stay hydrated with frequent sips of fluids (in most circumstances, this will be sufficient and rehydration salts will not be necessary). […] Symptoms of dehydration include feeling very thirsty, lightheadedness, dizziness, dark urine and decreased urine frequency. […] Seek medical attention for any of the following symptoms: bloody diarrhea, fever, severe nausea or vomiting resulting in inability to tolerate oral fluid intake, dehydration resulting in faintness or persistent diarrhea.

• #3 Travelers’ Diarrhea | Yellow Book | CDC

  https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/preparing/travelers-diarrhea

  Travelers’ diarrhea (TD) is the most predictable travel-related illness. Attack rates range from 30% to 70% of travelers during a 2-week period, depending on the destination and season of travel. TD is a clinical syndrome that can result from a variety of intestinal pathogens. Bacterial and viral TD present with the sudden onset of symptoms that can range from mild cramps and urgent loose stools to severe abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, fever, and vomiting; with norovirus, vomiting can be more prominent. Diarrhea caused by protozoa (e.g., Cryptosporidium, Giardia duodenalis) may have a more gradual onset of low-grade symptoms, with 25 loose stools per day. Untreated, bacterial diarrhea usually lasts 3-7 days. Viral diarrhea generally lasts 2-3 days. Protozoal diarrhea can persist for weeks to months without treatment. An acute (less than 2 weeks) bout of TD can lead to persistent enteric symptoms, even in the absence of continued infection. This presentation is commonly referred to as post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome.

• #3 Traveler’s Diarrhea: Treatment, Antibiotic, and Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/travelers-diarrhea

  Loose, watery diarrhea and abdominal cramps are the most universal symptoms you’ll experience with travelers diarrhea. Other symptoms may depend on the cause of the condition. Symptoms can include: nausea, vomiting, fever, bloating, excessive gas, loss of appetite, an urgent need to defecate. […] However, there are some symptoms that indicate it’s time to see a doctor immediately. These include: severe, intolerable pain in the abdomen or rectum, persistent vomiting for more than four hours, resulting in the inability to keep liquids down, fever higher than 102F (39C), bloody stools, symptoms of dehydration. […] Travelers diarrhea typically resolves within two to three days, but even mild cases can last up to seven days. It may resolve faster with treatment. Because symptoms may not start until several days after exposure, it may be difficult to pinpoint exactly what made you sick.

• #3 Traveler’s Diarrhea: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://www.healthday.com/a-to-z-health/public-health/travelers-diarrhea-644683.html

  A bout of traveler’s diarrhea can really put a damper on your vacation. […] Put simply, travelers diarrhea is frequent, loose, watery stools that occur after travel to an area with poor public hygiene. […] The Mayo Clinic lists the following symptoms: Abrupt onset of three or more loose watery stools in a day, Urgent need to defecate, Abdominal cramps, Nausea, Vomiting, Fever. […] Severe symptoms indicate you should see a doctor; these include: Diarrhea lasting longer than two days, Dehydration, Severe abdominal or rectal pain, Black or bloody stools, Fever over 102 degrees Fahrenheit. […] In children, travelers diarrhea can cause severe dehydration in a relatively short time; call your child’s health care provider if the following symptoms are occurring: Persistent vomiting, Fever over 102 degrees F, Dry mouth, crying without tears, Unusually sleepy, drowsy or unresponsive, Bloody stools or severe diarrhea, Decreased volume of urine, including fewer wet diapers in infants.

• #3 Everything you ever wanted to know about traveller’s diarrhoea – Lonely Planet

  https://www.lonelyplanet.com/articles/avoiding-treating-travellers-diarrhoea

  To start with, the diarrhoea is often watery and in large quantities; later it gets less and you start to notice blood and mucus (slime) mixed in your faeces. […] If you suddenly get an attack of nausea and profuse vomiting soon after eating, it’s probably due to food poisoning. […] Vomiting is the main symptom, often with stomach cramps and some watery diarrhoea later. […] If diarrhoea strikes, you don’t necessarily need to reach for your medical kit for „stoppers” which paralyses the gut and stops the flow, or for antibiotics; there are some simple measures it’s worth taking. […] The most important treatment measure is to avoid dehydration by replacing lost fluids and salts, which you should start doing straight away.

• #4 Travelers’ Diarrhea | Yellow Book | CDC

  https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/preparing/travelers-diarrhea

  The incubation period between exposure and clinical presentation can provide clues to etiology. Toxin-mediated illness, for example, generally causes symptoms within a few hours. By contrast, illnesses caused by bacterial and viral pathogens have incubation periods of 6-96 hours. In general, illnesses due to protozoal pathogens have longer incubation periods (1-2 weeks), rarely presenting in the first few days of travel. An exception is Cyclospora cayetanensis infection, in which symptoms can present quickly (2-14 days).

• #4 Traveler’s diarrhea: Symptoms and treatment

  https://blog.walgreens.com/health/digestive-health/travelers-diarrhea-symptoms-and-treatment.html

  While most cases of travelers diarrhea resolve on their own after a few days, some people may experience more severe or long-lasting symptoms. In these cases, you may need a prescription medication to get better. Seek medical care if: Youre sick for longer than 10-14 days, You have a fever of 102F or higher, You have severe abdominal pain, You have bloody diarrhea, You cant eat or drink anything.

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