Alergia na roztocza kurzu
Epidemiologia

Alergia na roztocza kurzu domowego (HDM) jest jedną z najczęstszych alergii na świecie, dotykającą około 12% populacji globalnej, z wyższą częstością w krajach rozwiniętych (20-40%, a nawet do 80% w populacjach pediatrycznych). Szczególnie wysoki odsetek uczulenia obserwuje się u pacjentów z astmą (40-85%) oraz atopowym zapaleniem skóry (do 95%). Roztocza Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus i Dermatophagoides farinae są głównymi alergenami, a ich obecność i proliferacja są silnie związane z wilgotnością powietrza powyżej 45% wilgotności względnej (lub 7,0 g/kg wilgotności bezwzględnej). Ekspozycja na alergeny HDM jest kluczowym czynnikiem ryzyka rozwoju i zaostrzenia astmy, alergicznego nieżytu nosa oraz atopowego zapalenia skóry, przy czym wczesne narażenie podnosi poziomy IgE i predysponuje do chorób alergicznych. Diagnostyka opiera się na testach skórnych i oznaczeniu specyficznych IgE, a leczenie obejmuje unikanie alergenów, farmakoterapię oraz immunoterapię alergenową, która może zmniejszyć nasilenie objawów i ryzyko rozwoju astmy.

Epidemiologia alergii na roztocza kurzu

Alergia na roztocza kurzu domowego (ang. House Dust Mite, HDM) stanowi jedną z najbardziej rozpowszechnionych form alergii na świecie. Szacuje się, że problem ten dotyka około 20 milionów osób w Stanach Zjednoczonych i jest główną przyczyną objawów alergicznych w pomieszczeniach zamkniętych.12 Roztocza kurzu domowego występują powszechnie na całym świecie, a ich obecność wykryto w około 84% gospodarstw domowych w USA.34 W Europie wykrywalne poziomy alergenów Der p 1 lub Der f 1 stwierdzono w 68% badanych domów.5

W krajach uprzemysłowionych odsetek osób uczulonych na roztocza kurzu jest szczególnie wysoki. W Niemczech na alergię na roztocza kurzu cierpi jedna na cztery osoby.6 Według Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia (WHO), alergiczny nieżyt nosa (AR) i astma łącznie dotykają do 800 milionów ludzi na całym świecie.7 Z kolei w regionie Azji i Pacyfiku oraz innych rozwijających się obszarach Ameryki Południowej zwiększający się wskaźnik uczulenia na roztocza kurzu domowego wydaje się być powiązany z szybkimi zmianami w urbanizacji i stylu życia.8

Rozpowszechnienie uczulenia na roztocza kurzu

Globalne dane wskazują, że około 12% ogólnej populacji światowej ma uczulenie na roztocza kurzu domowego, choć istnieje znaczna zmienność w zależności od badanej grupy.9 W krajach rozwiniętych wskaźnik ten jest znacznie wyższy: w Europie uczulenie na roztocza kurzu domowego przekracza 20%, sięga do 40% w niektórych kohortach w Ameryce Północnej, a nawet ponad 80% w grupie pacjentów pediatrycznych na Tajwanie.10 W Niemczech, około 11 milionów dorosłych (15,9%) jest uczulonych na roztocza.11

Co ważne, uczulenie na roztocza kurzu domowego jest szczególnie powszechne wśród osób z chorobami alergicznymi, zwłaszcza astmą. Wśród pacjentów z astmą i alergiami, około 40-85% jest uczulonych na roztocza kurzu domowego, a tendencja ta jest obserwowana na całym świecie – w Ameryce, Europie, południowo-wschodniej Azji i Australii.12 W niektórych badaniach sugeruje się, że nawet do 90% osób z astmą alergiczną jest uczulonych na roztocza kurzu domowego.13

W populacji pediatrycznej, w krajach o klimacie umiarkowanym, ponad połowa osób z alergiami jest uczulona na roztocza kurzu domowego, a do 85% dzieci z astmą oskrzelową jest uczulonych na główne gatunki Dermatophagoides.14 W Wielkiej Brytanii jedna na 20 dzieci i jedna na pięć osób dorosłych ma dodatni wynik testu na alergię na roztocza kurzu domowego, choć nie wszystkie mają objawy. Jedno na troje dzieci z egzemą i astmą będzie miało pozytywny wynik testu na alergię na roztocza kurzu.15

Rozpowszechnienie alergii w różnych regionach świata

Istnieją znaczące różnice w częstości występowania uczulenia na roztocza kurzu w różnych regionach Europy, co wykazało wczesne badanie obejmujące osoby w wieku 20-44 lat z 35 ośrodków w 15 krajach.16 W Niemczech częstość występowania uczulenia różni się nieznacznie w poszczególnych regionach kraju, ale istotna jest różnica w zależności od typu miejscowości. Na obszarach wiejskich lub w małych miastach częstość ta jest znacznie niższa niż w dużych miastach.17 Przyczyna większej liczby uczuleń w dużych miastach nie jest jasna, choć jednym z czynników wpływających na uczulenie jest status społeczno-ekonomiczny.18

W Holandii, w badaniu przeprowadzonym w populacji pacjentów z astmą w podstawowej opiece zdrowotnej, 48,8% było uczulonych na alergen roztoczy kurzu domowego.19 Z kolei w Malezji, w badaniu przeprowadzonym wśród pracowników biurowych, częstość występowania alergii na D. pteronyssinus i D. farinae wynosiła odpowiednio 50,3% i 49,0%.20

Badania przeprowadzone w Chinach wykazały, że wskaźnik uczulenia na D. farinae wynosił 75,2% u pacjentów z alergicznym nieżytem nosa (AR) i 78,5% u pacjentów z astmą alergiczną.21 W regionie Qingdao w Chinach, D. farinae była odpowiedzialna za wywołanie AR u 66,4% dzieci (1887 z 2841 dzieci).22

Czynniki wpływające na rozpowszechnienie alergii na roztocza

Dane epidemiologiczne dotyczące występowania roztoczy kurzu domowego wykazują wyraźny związek między zwiększoną wilgotnością powietrza w pomieszczeniach a zwiększonym występowaniem roztoczy.23 Badania epidemiologiczne analizujące związek między dystrybucją roztoczy kurzu domowego a poziomem wilgotności zewnętrznej wykazały, że poziom wilgotności zewnętrznej, który zależy od klimatu regionu i wysokości, jest powiązany z dystrybucją roztoczy kurzu domowego, a najwyższa liczba roztoczy występuje w najbardziej wilgotnych regionach.24

Powszechnie wiadomo, że występowanie roztoczy jest większe w bardziej wilgotnych obszarach geograficznych niż w suchych.25 W regionach o klimacie umiarkowanym, można dość dokładnie określić, że aby zapobiec gromadzeniu się niebezpiecznych poziomów roztoczy kurzu domowego w mieszkaniach, wilgotność powietrza w pomieszczeniach powinna być utrzymywana poniżej poziomu 7,0 g/kg lub 45% wilgotności względnej przy zwykłej temperaturze powietrza w pomieszczeniach przez kilka zimowych miesięcy każdego roku.26

Wpływ warunków mieszkaniowych i środowiskowych

Badania wykazały związek między liczebnością roztoczy a różnymi czynnikami środowiskowymi wewnątrz pomieszczeń, takimi jak:27

  • Typ i wiek budynku (D. pteronyssinus w starych domach ceglanych, D. farinae w blokach i nowych domach)
  • Rodzaj ogrzewania (D. pteronyssinus w piecach węglowych)
  • Obecność zwierząt domowych (pozytywny wpływ na gęstość roztoczy)
  • Wielkość rodziny i mieszkania (pozytywny wpływ mniejszych rodzin lub mieszkań)
  • Lokalizacja podmiejska (wpływ na D. farinae)
  • Miejsce pobierania próbek (pościel i łóżka na pyroglifidy)
  • Rodzaj miejsca do spania (materace, kanapy)
  • Niższy poziom/piętro mieszkania
  • Rodzaj okien (PVC na D. farinae i drewniane na żywe pyroglifidy)
  • Wyższa częstotliwość sprzątania i wyższa wilgotność

28

Ciepłe i wilgotne warunki w regionach tropikalnych mogą zapewniać odpowiednie warunki do rozwoju roztoczy kurzu domowego w środowisku biurowym, szczególnie jeśli są tam dywany.29 Zmiany w sposobie izolacji domów, w tym podwójne szklenie, zmniejszyły cyrkulację powietrza i wentylację. W rezultacie wzrosła wilgotność powietrza w domach, co uczyniło nasze domy dobrym środowiskiem dla roztoczy kurzu domowego.30

Wpływ zmian środowiskowych i klimatycznych

Zmiany środowiskowe wywołane uprzemysłowieniem i zmianami klimatycznymi częściowo wyjaśniają wzrost częstości występowania i nasilenia chorób alergicznych.31 Roztocza kurzu domowego są ważnym źródłem alergenów wywołujących astmę i nieżyt nosa, a eksperymentalnie wykazano, że są bardzo wrażliwe na modyfikacje mikrośrodowiska. Dlatego globalne lub regionalne zmiany temperatury, wilgotności, zanieczyszczenia powietrza lub innych warunków środowiskowych mogą modyfikować naturalny wzrost roztoczy kurzu domowego, ich przeżywalność i produkcję alergenów.32

Istnieją dowody, że uczulenie na roztocza kurzu domowego wzrosło w niektórych regionach świata, szczególnie w obszarach subtropikalnych i tropikalnych, jednak związek tego wzrostu ze zmianami środowiskowymi nie jest tak jasny, jak donoszono w przypadku alergenów pyłkowych.33 Alergia na roztocza kurzu domowego jest wysoce dziedziczna, a liczne badania przeprowadzone na całym świecie ujawniły użyteczne spostrzeżenia dotyczące genetyki alergii na roztocza kurzu.34

Dobrze ustalono, że jeśli jedno z rodziców ma alergie, dziecko ma 30% szans na wystąpienie alergii. Jeśli oboje rodzice są alergikami, ta szansa wzrasta do 50%. Gdy oboje rodzice mają tę samą alergię na roztocza kurzu, na przykład ich dziecko ma 80% prawdopodobieństwo, że również będzie na nią cierpieć.35 Badania wykazały, że ciągłe narażenie na roztocza kurzu zwiększa nasilenie objawów alergii na roztocza kurzu i może nawet prowadzić do astmy.36

Związek między alergią na roztocza a chorobami układu oddechowego

Alergeny roztoczy kurzu domowego są silnie związane z rozwojem i nasileniem astmy – szacuje się, że przyczyniają się do 60-90% przypadków.37 Badania wykazały związek między poziomami alergenów roztoczy kurzu domowego w domach a objawami astmy u dzieci i dorosłych uczulonych na roztocza. Wysokie narażenie na te alergeny w domu może pogorszyć astmę u pacjentów uczulonych na roztocza, powodując skurcz oskrzeli i zwiększoną nadreaktywność oskrzeli. Z drugiej strony, zmniejszenie ekspozycji może poprawić objawy.38

Narażenie na alergen roztoczy kurzu domowego we wczesnym dzieciństwie podnosi poziom immunoglobuliny E (IgE), co z kolei predysponuje do astmy.39 Dzieci, które miały przeciwciała przeciwko Der p 1 lub Der p 23 w wieku 5 lat lub młodszym, miały zwiększone ryzyko rozwoju astmy w wieku szkolnym.40

Alergia na roztocza a astma

Rozpowszechnienie astmy różni się na całym świecie – około 300 milionów ludzi choruje na astmę.41 Według Centrum Kontroli i Zapobiegania Chorobom (CDC), w 2020 r. odnotowano, że około 25,2 miliona osób na całym świecie cierpi na astmę.42 Ponadto, według Thermo Fisher Scientific, około 90% osób z diagnozą astmy alergicznej jest uczulonych na alergeny roztoczy kurzu domowego.43

Co istotne, pozytywne testy na alergie na roztocza kurzu są niezwykle powszechne wśród osób z astmą.44 Do dwóch trzecich dzieci z astmą i do połowy dorosłych chorujących na astmę cierpi również na alergie.45 Roztocza kurzu domowego są uważane za najbardziej powszechny czynnik wyzwalający całoroczne alergie i astmę alergiczną.46 Badania diagnostyczne i badania kliniczne przeprowadzone przez alergologów wykazały, że roztocza kurzu domowego są najczęstszą alergią u astmatyków i ważną „podstawową przyczyną” rozwoju astmy u małych dzieci. Ostatnie badania sugerują, że co najmniej 45 procent młodych ludzi z astmą jest uczulonych na roztocza kurzu domowego.47

W badaniu przeprowadzonym na 80 uczestnikach z astmą oskrzelową, 78 miało pozytywny wynik testu skórnego. 68 pacjentów, czyli 85% całkowitej liczby pacjentów objętych badaniem, miało pozytywne wyniki dla roztoczy kurzu, co wskazuje, że aeroalergeny są ważne w inicjowaniu patofizjologii astmy.48 Najczęstszym roztoczem okazał się D. pteronyssinus (72,50%), następnie D. farinae (66,25%) i Blomia Tropicalis (61,25%).49

Alergia na roztocza a alergiczny nieżyt nosa

Bardzo powszechnym objawem uczulenia na roztocza kurzu domowego jest nieżyt nosa, którego objawy obejmują kichanie, zatkany i cieknący nos.50 Niedawny artykuł badawczy stwierdził, że społeczno-ekonomiczne obciążenie alergicznym nieżytem nosa na kontynentalną Europę jest jeszcze większe niż w przypadku głównych schorzeń zdrowotnych, takich jak cukrzyca i choroby układu krążenia.51 W przeliczeniu na koszty dla gospodarki kontynentalnej, alergiczny nieżyt nosa kosztuje Europę miliardy euro w wydatkach na opiekę zdrowotną.52

Alergiczny nieżyt nosa dotyka 10-30% populacji.53 W 2012 roku u 9% wszystkich dzieci w USA zdiagnozowano alergiczny nieżyt nosa w ciągu ostatniego roku.54 Według Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia, 400 milionów ludzi cierpi na alergiczny nieżyt nosa.55

Częstość występowania alergicznego nieżytu nosa (AR) waha się między 15 a 50% w różnych populacjach i jako taki jest uważany za główny problem zdrowia publicznego na całym świecie.56 AR można sklasyfikować jako sezonowy (np. katar sienny) lub całoroczny, w przypadku którego roztocza kurzu domowego są najczęstszą przyczyną całorocznego AR.57

Duża część pacjentów z AR i/lub astmą alergiczną jest uczulona na roztocza kurzu domowego, głównie Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f; amerykański roztocz kurzu domowego) i Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p; europejski roztocz kurzu domowego).58 Częstość występowania uczulenia na te roztocza waha się od 8 do 90% w różnych krajach.59

Alergia na roztocza a atopowe zapalenie skóry

Częstość występowania uczulenia na roztocza może być bardzo wysoka u pacjentów z atopowym zapaleniem skóry (AZS).60 W retrospektywnym badaniu kohortowym przeprowadzonym na 102 dzieciach z AZS (mediana wieku w momencie wystąpienia: 1,5 roku), częstość występowania reaktywności IgE wynosiła 94,7% całkowitego ekstraktu roztoczy kurzu domowego w badaniu przeprowadzonym na 129 koreańskich pacjentach uczulonych na roztocza.61

Roztocza kurzu domowego wytwarzają najistotniejsze alergeny przenoszone drogą powietrzną dla atopowego zapalenia skóry.62 Der p 11 najczęściej wiąże się z atopowym zapaleniem skóry.63 70 procent osób z alergią na roztocza kurzu zostało niedawno uznanych za uczulone na alergen Der p 23.64

Nadwrażliwość na roztocza kurzu domowego zaostrza również alergiczny nieżyt nosa, alergiczne zapalenie spojówek i astmę alergiczną.65 Nadwrażliwość na roztocza kurzu domowego należy rozważać klinicznie w atopowym zapaleniu skóry opornym na leczenie.66

Nadzór nad alergią na roztocza kurzu

Kluczową kwestią w nadzorze nad alergią na roztocza kurzu jest dokładna diagnostyka i monitorowanie częstości występowania uczulenia w różnych populacjach. Testy alergiczne wykażą, czy występuje uczulenie na roztocza kurzu. Lekarz może wykorzystać albo badanie krwi, albo test skórny, aby pomóc w diagnozie. Historia medyczna, objawy, badanie fizykalne i wyniki testów pomogą lekarzowi postawić właściwą diagnozę.67

Częstość występowania alergii na roztocza kurzu można ocenić za pomocą różnych metod:68

  • Testy skórne punktowe (SPT)
  • Badania specyficznych przeciwciał IgE w surowicy
  • Prowokacja donosowa
  • Kwestionariusze dotyczące objawów alergicznych

69

Podkreśla się potrzebę większej standaryzacji w badaniach epidemiologicznych dotyczących alergii na roztocza kurzu domowego, ponieważ heterogeniczność populacji, terminologii i punktów końcowych w literaturze utrudnia szacunki.70 Dane dotyczące częstości występowania uczulenia na alergen roztoczy kurzu domowego wahają się od 65 do 130 milionów osób w ogólnej populacji na całym świecie, do nawet 50% wśród pacjentów z astmą.71

Monitoring poziomu alergenów w środowisku

Dokładna natura gęstości roztoczy lub sezonowych populacji roztoczy domowych w domach ma kluczowe znaczenie dla ograniczenia ich rozwoju i wyjaśnienia roli, jaką odgrywają w alergii na kurz.72 Basowe poziomy alergenu roztoczy kurzu w materacach są oceniane w celu określenia zakresu poziomów roztoczy kurzu powyżej progu wrażliwości na astmę i zaostrzenia w danym typie mieszkania i lokalizacji geograficznej.73

W badaniu przeprowadzonym w USA, poziomy alergii na roztocza kurzu były wysokie (54% dla Der f i 62% dla Der p) pomimo stosunkowo niskich poziomów ekspozycji bazowej.74 Wyniki te sugerują potrzebę dalszego zbadania wartości łagodzenia wpływu roztoczy kurzu w mieszkaniach z poziomami antygenu poniżej sugerowanych punktów odcięcia dla uczulenia i zaostrzenia.75

Rozprzestrzenianie się i liczba roztoczy kurzu domowego zależy od sprzyjającego im mikroklimatu, w którym mogą żyć i rozmnażać się.76 Gęstość populacji roztoczy kurzu domowego wpływa na poziomy alergenów, narażenie ludzi i, w pewnym zakresie, na zapobieganie nasileniu choroby.77 Wilgotność jest ważnym czynnikiem dla występowania roztoczy kurzu domowego, zarówno wewnątrz, jak i na zewnątrz domu.78

Trendy w występowaniu alergii na roztocza

Choroby alergiczne wzrosły na całym świecie, szczególnie w tropikalnych regionach Azji i Pacyfiku, Afryki i Ameryki Łacińskiej.79 Zaproponowano kilka hipotez w celu wyjaśnienia tych trendów, ale jedną z interesujących obserwacji jest zwiększona reaktywność IgE na alergeny roztoczy kurzu domowego w społecznościach, w których alergie tradycyjnie miały niskie rozpowszechnienie.80

Reaktywność IgE na alergeny roztoczy kurzu domowego była oceniana od wczesnych lat 90. XX wieku w różnych regionach świata.81 Ze względu na szybką industrializację, to w rozwiniętych regionach miejskich Azji wzrost uczulenia na roztocza kurzu domowego był najbardziej wyraźny.82 Zwiększone wskaźniki uczulenia na roztocza kurzu domowego są również wyraźne na obszarach miejskich Afryki, działając jako główny czynnik ryzyka u dzieci mieszkających w zamożnych miejscowościach.83

Alergia na roztocza kurzu domowego jest równomiernie rozpowszechniona w różnych regionach Niemiec, ale istotna jest różnica w zależności od typu społeczności. Na obszarach wiejskich lub w małych miastach występuje znacznie rzadziej niż w dużych miastach.84 Uczulenia występują częściej w dużych miastach i przy wyższym statusie społeczno-ekonomicznym.85

Kluczowe trendy na rynku leczenia alergii na roztocza kurzu domowego obejmują wzrost częstości występowania chorób alergicznych związanych z roztoczami kurzu domowego, wzrost popytu na produkty immunologiczne, wzrost finansowania ze strony prywatnych organizacji rządowych na rozwój segmentów produkcji farmaceutycznej oraz wzrost działań badawczo-rozwojowych w zakresie produkcji leków przeciwalergicznych.86

Oczekuje się, że region Azji i Pacyfiku odnotuje najwyższy CAGR (złożoną roczną stopę wzrostu) na poziomie 14,4% w latach 2022-2031, ze względu na wzrost częstości występowania chorób alergicznych związanych z roztoczami kurzu domowego, wzrost świadomości w zakresie rozpowszechniania wiedzy na temat alergenów, wzrost wydatków na opiekę zdrowotną oraz wzrost stosowania leków immunoterapeutycznych w leczeniu alergii na roztocza kurzu domowego.87

Implikacje zdrowotne i socjoekonomiczne

Alergia na roztocza kurzu domowego ma istotne implikacje zarówno zdrowotne, jak i społeczno-ekonomiczne. Objawy alergii na roztocza kurzu domowego różnią się od łagodnych do ciężkich w zależności od osoby i negatywnie wpływają na interakcje społeczne, sen i produktywność w miejscu pracy.88

Najczęstszym krótkoterminowym zagrożeniem dla zdrowia związanym z roztoczami kurzu jest reakcja alergiczna.89 Dla osób z astmą, narażenie na roztocza kurzu może wyzwolić objawy astmy lub pogorszyć istniejące objawy.90 Przedłużone narażenie na roztocza kurzu i ich alergeny może prowadzić do rozwoju przewlekłych alergii.91

Mimo, że same roztocza kurzu nie powodują astmy, wytwarzane przez nie alergeny mogą wywoływać ataki astmy.92 Narażenie na roztocza kurzu domowego we wczesnym dzieciństwie podnosi poziomy immunoglobuliny E (IgE), co z kolei predysponuje do astmy.93

Z ekonomicznego punktu widzenia, globalny rozmiar rynku leczenia alergii na roztocza kurzu domowego był wyceniany na 1,5 miliarda dolarów w 2021 roku i przewiduje się, że osiągnie 5,2 miliarda dolarów do 2031 roku, rosnąc w tempie CAGR 13,4% w latach 2022-2031.94 Ponadto, według Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia (WHO), w 2020 roku odnotowano, że około 70% reakcji alergicznych jest spowodowanych przez alergen roztoczy kurzu domowego.95

Wpływ na jakość życia

Osoby z alergią na roztocza kurzu domowego często cierpią najbardziej w swoich domach lub w domach innych ludzi.96 Alergia na roztocza kurzu domowego może powodować objawy takie jak:

  • Kichanie
  • Zatkany i cieknący nos
  • Swędzące, łzawiące oczy
  • W przypadku astmy: świszczący oddech, kaszel, ucisk w klatce piersiowej, trudności w oddychaniu

97

Jeśli alergia na roztocza kurzu domowego nie jest leczona, może znacząco wpłynąć na zdrowie fizyczne dziecka, dobrostan emocjonalny i ogólny rozwój.98 Badania sugerują, że około 1 na 20 małych dzieci rozwija przeciwciała alergiczne na alergeny roztoczy kurzu domowego, ale nie wszystkie będą doświadczać zauważalnych objawów.99

Roztocza kurzu domowego są ważnym źródłem alergenów wywołujących uczulenie. Są one głównym czynnikiem ryzyka tej choroby w regionach tropikalnych.100 Alergia na roztocza kurzu domowego jest często łatwa do zdiagnozowania.101 Pozytywne testy skórne oznaczają, że pacjent jest uczulony na roztocza kurzu domowego.102

Efektywność interwencji prewencyjnych

Unikanie jest najlepszym sposobem radzenia sobie z alergią na roztocza kurzu. Jednak całkowite wyeliminowanie roztoczy kurzu ze środowiska jest niemożliwe.103 Jeśli możesz zminimalizować swoją ekspozycję na roztocza kurzu, powinieneś spodziewać się mniej reakcji alergicznych lub reakcje powinny być mniej dotkliwe, ale możesz również potrzebować leków do kontrolowania objawów.104

Efekty strategii zapobiegawczych są złożone i mieszane, w zależności od kilku czynników.105 Pomimo licznych zaleceń dotyczących środków zapobiegawczych w środowisku u dzieci uczulonych na roztocza kurzu domowego, dowody są czasami niejednoznaczne ze względu na niespójność między badaniami, trudności w izolowaniu efektów specyficznych dla roztoczy kurzu domowego od innych strategii zarządzania astmą i czynników zewnętrznych, oraz ograniczone dane długoterminowe.106

Pokrywy nieprzepuszczalne dla roztoczy kurzu domowego wykazały również, że zmniejszają ryzyko rozwoju astmy u dzieci urodzonych w rodzinach z historią chorób alergicznych.107 Astmatycy z alergią na roztocza kurzu domowego często nie uzyskują całkowitej ulgi po lekach, dlatego mogą rozważyć immunoterapię (zastrzyki przeciwalergiczne).108 Immunoterapia jest długoterminowym leczeniem, które może pomóc zapobiec lub zmniejszyć nasilenie reakcji alergicznych.109

Skuteczność zasób przeciwalergicznych w pościeli tkwi w ich konstrukcji.110 Aby zarządzać astmą u dzieci, szczególnie tych, które są uczulone na roztocza kurzu domowego, kluczowe jest zminimalizowanie bałaganu i pułapek kurzu w przestrzeniach mieszkalnych.111 Ważne jest utrzymywanie poziomów wilgotności między 30 a 50%, aby zarządzać alergiami na roztocza kurzu domowego, ponieważ roztocza kurzu rozwijają się w wilgotnych środowiskach.112

Oczyszczacze powietrza z filtrem HEPA są skuteczne w wyłapywaniu cząstek przenoszonych drogą powietrzną, w tym alergenów, takich jak cząstki kału roztoczy kurzu domowego i ich fragmenty.113 Immunoterapia alergenowa (AIT) reprezentuje opcję terapeutyczną dla pacjentów z astmą lub alergicznym nieżytem nosa spowodowanym przez roztocza kurzu domowego, i dlatego może być uważana za środek zapobiegawczy trzeciego stopnia.114

Probiotyki pojawiły się jako obiecujący obszar badań dotyczących astmy dziecięcej.115 Zapobiegając narażeniu na te alergeny, możemy znacznie poprawić jakość życia dzieci z astmą i potencjalnie zmniejszyć nasilenie ich astmy.116

Podsumowanie i perspektywy

Alergia na roztocza kurzu domowego stanowi istotny problem zdrowia publicznego na całym świecie, dotykając miliony osób i przyczyniając się do rozwoju chorób alergicznych, takich jak astma, alergiczny nieżyt nosa i atopowe zapalenie skóry. Dane epidemiologiczne wskazują na wysoką częstość występowania uczulenia na roztocza kurzu domowego, szczególnie w krajach rozwiniętych i obszarach o wysokiej wilgotności powietrza.117118

Czynniki środowiskowe, takie jak wilgotność, temperatura, urbanizacja i warunki mieszkaniowe, odgrywają kluczową rolę w występowaniu roztoczy kurzu domowego i związanej z nimi alergii.119120 Zmiany klimatyczne i środowiskowe mogą dodatkowo wpływać na dystrybucję roztoczy i nasilenie objawów alergicznych.121

Istnieje silny związek między uczuleniem na roztocza kurzu domowego a rozwojem astmy i innych chorób alergicznych, co podkreśla potrzebę skutecznych strategii zapobiegania i leczenia.122 Wczesna ekspozycja na alergeny roztoczy i predyspozycje genetyczne mogą zwiększać ryzyko rozwoju alergii w późniejszym życiu.123

Znaczenie standaryzacji w badaniach epidemiologicznych, lepszego monitorowania poziomów alergenów w różnych środowiskach oraz rozwoju skutecznych interwencji zapobiegawczych jest kluczowe dla zmniejszenia obciążenia związanego z alergią na roztocza kurzu domowego.124

Leczenie alergii na roztocza kurzu domowego powinno obejmować podejście wieloaspektowe, w tym unikanie alergenów, farmakoterapię i, w stosownych przypadkach, immunoterapię.125 Potrzebne są dalsze badania, aby opracować bardziej skuteczne strategie zapobiegania i leczenia, które mogą poprawić jakość życia osób uczulonych na roztocza kurzu domowego.126

W miarę jak rośnie globalne obciążenie chorobami alergicznymi, zrozumienie epidemiologii alergii na roztocza kurzu domowego i czynników wpływających na jej występowanie staje się coraz ważniejsze dla optymalizacji strategii zdrowia publicznego i poprawy wyników pacjentów.127

Kolejne rozdziały

Zapraszamy do dalszego czytania naszego leksykonu.

Wybierz kolejny rozdział z menu poniżej, aby otworzyć nową podstronę kompedium wiedzy i uzyskać szczegółowe informację o leku, substancji lub chorobie.

  1. 09.04.2026
  2. www.leksykon.com.pl

Materiały źródłowe

  • #1 Dust Mite Allergy | Treatment & Management | Point of Care
    https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/20773
    Dust mite allergy is a prevalent form of allergy. It affects 20 million people across The United States of America. Being ubiquitous, house dust mites are found all across the world. Around 84 percent of USA households have been detected with the presence of house dust mites. In industrialized areas, like Germany, 1 out of every four people are affected by dust mite allergy. Combined, allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma affect up to 800 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). […] Up to two-thirds of children with asthma and up to 1/2 of adults who have asthma also suffer from allergies. Of these patients who suffer from asthma and allergies, about 40%-85% of them are allergic to the HDM, this trend is observed all over America, Europe, south-east Asia, and Australia. Around 5 to 30 percent of the general population show house dust mite sensitivity to skin test reactivity.
  • #2 House Dust Mite Allergy Treatment Market Overview By 2031
    https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/house-dust-mite-allergy-treatment-market-A16570
    The global house dust mite allergy treatment market size was valued at $1.5 billion in 2021, and is projected to reach $5.2 billion by 2031, growing at a CAGR of 13.4% from 2022 to 2031. […] According to the one of the chief medical officers at Medscape Education, in 2020, it was reported that around 20 million Americans are allergic to house dust mite. […] In addition, according to the Journal of Scientific Report, in March 2022, house dust mite is one of the leading factors of airway allergic diseases. […] Furthermore, increase in prevalence of asthma, house dust allergy and allergic rhinitis drives house dust mite allergy treatment market share. […] The population diagnosed asthma and allergic rhinitis is highly vulnerable to house dust mite allergy, thus driving the house dust mite allergy treatment market growth.
  • #3 Dust Mite Allergy | Treatment & Management | Point of Care
    https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/20773
    Dust mite allergy is a prevalent form of allergy. It affects 20 million people across The United States of America. Being ubiquitous, house dust mites are found all across the world. Around 84 percent of USA households have been detected with the presence of house dust mites. In industrialized areas, like Germany, 1 out of every four people are affected by dust mite allergy. Combined, allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma affect up to 800 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). […] Up to two-thirds of children with asthma and up to 1/2 of adults who have asthma also suffer from allergies. Of these patients who suffer from asthma and allergies, about 40%-85% of them are allergic to the HDM, this trend is observed all over America, Europe, south-east Asia, and Australia. Around 5 to 30 percent of the general population show house dust mite sensitivity to skin test reactivity.
  • #4 House dust mite – Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_dust_mite
    House dust mites (HDM, or simply dust mites) are various species of acariform mites belonging to the family Pyroglyphidae that are found in association with dust in dwellings. They are known for causing allergies. […] Detectable dust mite allergen was found in the beds of about 84% of surveyed United States homes. […] In Europe, detectable Der p 1 or Der f 1 allergen was found in 68% of surveyed homes. […] House dust mite antigens are strongly associated with asthma development and severity; they are estimated to contribute to 60-90% of cases. […] Tropomyosin, the major allergen in dust mites, is also responsible for shellfish allergy. […] House dust mites: Agents of allergy.
  • #5 House dust mite – Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_dust_mite
    House dust mites (HDM, or simply dust mites) are various species of acariform mites belonging to the family Pyroglyphidae that are found in association with dust in dwellings. They are known for causing allergies. […] Detectable dust mite allergen was found in the beds of about 84% of surveyed United States homes. […] In Europe, detectable Der p 1 or Der f 1 allergen was found in 68% of surveyed homes. […] House dust mite antigens are strongly associated with asthma development and severity; they are estimated to contribute to 60-90% of cases. […] Tropomyosin, the major allergen in dust mites, is also responsible for shellfish allergy. […] House dust mites: Agents of allergy.
  • #6 Dust Mite Allergy | Treatment & Management | Point of Care
    https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/20773
    Dust mite allergy is a prevalent form of allergy. It affects 20 million people across The United States of America. Being ubiquitous, house dust mites are found all across the world. Around 84 percent of USA households have been detected with the presence of house dust mites. In industrialized areas, like Germany, 1 out of every four people are affected by dust mite allergy. Combined, allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma affect up to 800 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). […] Up to two-thirds of children with asthma and up to 1/2 of adults who have asthma also suffer from allergies. Of these patients who suffer from asthma and allergies, about 40%-85% of them are allergic to the HDM, this trend is observed all over America, Europe, south-east Asia, and Australia. Around 5 to 30 percent of the general population show house dust mite sensitivity to skin test reactivity.
  • #7 Dust Mite Allergy | Treatment & Management | Point of Care
    https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/20773
    Dust mite allergy is a prevalent form of allergy. It affects 20 million people across The United States of America. Being ubiquitous, house dust mites are found all across the world. Around 84 percent of USA households have been detected with the presence of house dust mites. In industrialized areas, like Germany, 1 out of every four people are affected by dust mite allergy. Combined, allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma affect up to 800 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). […] Up to two-thirds of children with asthma and up to 1/2 of adults who have asthma also suffer from allergies. Of these patients who suffer from asthma and allergies, about 40%-85% of them are allergic to the HDM, this trend is observed all over America, Europe, south-east Asia, and Australia. Around 5 to 30 percent of the general population show house dust mite sensitivity to skin test reactivity.
  • #8 AAIR :: Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
    https://e-aair.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4168/aair.2019.11.4.450
    Allergic diseases have increased worldwide, especially in tropical regions of Asia-Pacific, Africa and Latin America. […] Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain these trends, but one interesting observation is increased IgE sensitization to HDMs in communities where allergies have been traditionally low prevalent. […] IgE reactivity to HDM allergens has been evaluated since the early 1990s in different regions of the world. […] Due to their rapid industrialization, it is in urban developed regions of Asia where the increase in HDM sensitization has been more pronounced. […] Increased rates of HDM sensitization are also prominent in urban areas of Africa, acting as a major risk factor in children living in affluent localities. […] The increasing rates of HDM sensitization in the Asia Pacific region and other developing areas of South America seem to be also associated with the rapid changes in urbanization and lifestyle.
  • #9 House dust mite-related respiratory allergies and probiotics: a narrative review | Clinical and Molecular Allergy | Full Text
    https://clinicalmolecularallergy.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12948-018-0092-9
    It can be estimated that approximately 12% of the general population worldwide has allergic sensitization towards HDMs with significant variability depending on the cohort being studied. […] In developed countries, this rate is much higher: in Europe, HDM allergic sensitization is above 20%; it is rising up to 40% in some cohorts in North America and to over 80% in a cohort of paediatric patients in Taiwan. […] This result demonstrates that substantial diversity in HDM allergic sensitization prevalence exists and depends on factors such as ethnicity, socio-economic conditions, geographical variations and even the diagnostic paradigm that is adopted. […] A very common manifestation of HDM allergic sensitization is rhinitis, the symptoms of which include sneezing, and stuffy and running nose.
  • #10 House dust mite-related respiratory allergies and probiotics: a narrative review | Clinical and Molecular Allergy | Full Text
    https://clinicalmolecularallergy.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12948-018-0092-9
    It can be estimated that approximately 12% of the general population worldwide has allergic sensitization towards HDMs with significant variability depending on the cohort being studied. […] In developed countries, this rate is much higher: in Europe, HDM allergic sensitization is above 20%; it is rising up to 40% in some cohorts in North America and to over 80% in a cohort of paediatric patients in Taiwan. […] This result demonstrates that substantial diversity in HDM allergic sensitization prevalence exists and depends on factors such as ethnicity, socio-economic conditions, geographical variations and even the diagnostic paradigm that is adopted. […] A very common manifestation of HDM allergic sensitization is rhinitis, the symptoms of which include sneezing, and stuffy and running nose.
  • #11
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40629-022-00229-2
    Domestic mites is the term used to describe dust mites and storage mites that prefer to live in houses and to which many people develop sensitization through the formation of specific IgE antibodies due to the high allergenic potency of mite allergens. […] Sensitization to house mites is widespread in the German population. About 11 million adults are sensitized in Germany (15.9%). […] Sensitizations occur more frequently in large cities and with higher socioeconomic status. […] The prevalence of sensitization varies only slightly in the different regions of Germany. […] More important is the difference in prevalence by community type. In rural areas or small towns, it is significantly lower than in large cities. […] The cause of more sensitization in large cities is not clear. […] Another factor influencing sensitization is socioeconomic status.
  • #12 Dust Mite Allergy | Treatment & Management | Point of Care
    https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/20773
    Dust mite allergy is a prevalent form of allergy. It affects 20 million people across The United States of America. Being ubiquitous, house dust mites are found all across the world. Around 84 percent of USA households have been detected with the presence of house dust mites. In industrialized areas, like Germany, 1 out of every four people are affected by dust mite allergy. Combined, allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma affect up to 800 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). […] Up to two-thirds of children with asthma and up to 1/2 of adults who have asthma also suffer from allergies. Of these patients who suffer from asthma and allergies, about 40%-85% of them are allergic to the HDM, this trend is observed all over America, Europe, south-east Asia, and Australia. Around 5 to 30 percent of the general population show house dust mite sensitivity to skin test reactivity.
  • #13 House Dust Mite Allergy Treatment Global Market Report
    https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2022/12/02/2566697/28124/en/House-Dust-Mite-Allergy-Treatment-Global-Market-Report-2022-Featuring-Allergy-Therapeutics-Bayer-GlaxoSmithKline-Johnson-and-Johnson-More.html
    According to the Allergy and Asthma Foundation, in March 2020, it was observed that dust mites are the leading causes of in-house allergies. […] Furthermore, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2020, it was reported that around 70% of allergic reactions are caused due to house dust mite allergen. […] In addition, chronic exposure to house dust mites impacts the health of population with asthma, and those who are sensitive and allergic to mites. Thus, the population diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and asthma are more prone to house dust mite allergy. […] According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in 2020, it was reported that around 25.2 million population is diagnosed from asthma, globally. […] According to the Thermo Fisher Scientific, it was reported that around 90% of population diagnosed with allergic asthma are sensitized to house dust mite allergens.
  • #14 The Prevention of House Dust Mite Allergies in Pediatric Asthma
    https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/11/4/469
    This review provides a concise overview of preventive measures against dust mite allergies in pediatric populations, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive and evolving approach. Dust mites, ubiquitous microscopic arachnids, pose a significant threat to children’s health, triggering allergies and asthma. Traditional preventive strategies such as regular cleaning, mattress covers, and humidity control are essential but warrant refinement. […] In temperate countries, over half of allergic individuals are sensitized to HDMs, and up to 85% of children with bronchial asthma are sensitized to these main Dermatophagoides species. […] Studies have shown a link between HDM allergen levels in homes and asthma symptoms in children and adults sensitized to HDMs. High exposure to these allergens at home can worsen asthma in HDM-sensitized patients, causing bronchospasms and increased bronchial hyperreactivity. Conversely, reducing exposure can improve symptoms.
  • #15 House Dust Mite Allergy – North West Allergy Network
    https://allergynorthwest.nhs.uk/home-patient/managing-allergies/patient-leaflets/house-dust-mite-allergy-2/
    One in 20 children and one in five adults will test positive for HDM allergy, although not all will have symptoms. One in three children with eczema and asthma will test positive to HDM. […] Four out of five patients with HDM allergy are also allergic to pollen or animal dander. […] Skin prick tests or a blood test can show if you have allergy antibodies to house dust mites. […] Most children with HDM allergy will not outgrow the problem. However, the allergy can be helped by lifestyle changes and use of medication.
  • #16
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40629-022-00229-2
    There are substantial differences in the prevalence of sensitization within Europe, as shown by an early study of 20- to 44-year-olds from 35 centers in 15 countries. […] Any detectable presence of IgE-specific antibodies to an inhalant allergen in the blood or skin is a risk and is associated with an increased risk of developing allergic rhinitis and asthma, especially in school-aged children. […] The risk of sensitization already in childhood became clear in the German Multicenter Allergy Study from 1990. […] Children who had antibodies to Der p 1 or Der p 23 at age 5 years or younger had an increased risk of developing asthma at school age. […] In principle, sensitization to multiple allergens carries a higher risk of developing allergic rhinitis or asthma. […] When stating the frequency of sensitization in a patient group or the total population, it must be taken into account that sensitization does not have to be constantly detectable.
  • #17
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40629-022-00229-2
    Domestic mites is the term used to describe dust mites and storage mites that prefer to live in houses and to which many people develop sensitization through the formation of specific IgE antibodies due to the high allergenic potency of mite allergens. […] Sensitization to house mites is widespread in the German population. About 11 million adults are sensitized in Germany (15.9%). […] Sensitizations occur more frequently in large cities and with higher socioeconomic status. […] The prevalence of sensitization varies only slightly in the different regions of Germany. […] More important is the difference in prevalence by community type. In rural areas or small towns, it is significantly lower than in large cities. […] The cause of more sensitization in large cities is not clear. […] Another factor influencing sensitization is socioeconomic status.
  • #18
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40629-022-00229-2
    Domestic mites is the term used to describe dust mites and storage mites that prefer to live in houses and to which many people develop sensitization through the formation of specific IgE antibodies due to the high allergenic potency of mite allergens. […] Sensitization to house mites is widespread in the German population. About 11 million adults are sensitized in Germany (15.9%). […] Sensitizations occur more frequently in large cities and with higher socioeconomic status. […] The prevalence of sensitization varies only slightly in the different regions of Germany. […] More important is the difference in prevalence by community type. In rural areas or small towns, it is significantly lower than in large cities. […] The cause of more sensitization in large cities is not clear. […] Another factor influencing sensitization is socioeconomic status.
  • #19 The prevalence of house dust mite (HDM) allergy and the use of HDM-impermeable bed covers in a primary care population of patients with persistent asthma in the Netherlands | Primary Care Respiratory Journal
    https://www.nature.com/articles/pcrj2005045
    House dust mite (HDM) allergen is one of the most common allergens to which asthma patients are sensitised. Prevalence of HDM allergy varies in the literature. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of HDM allergy in a primary care population of asthma patients, as well as the use of HDM-impermeable bed covers by these patients. […] 48.8% of the asthma population was sensitised to HDM allergen. […] Almost half of the patients with asthma were sensitised to HDM allergen. Only a minority of the patients used HDM-impermeable bed covers.
  • #20 Asthma, Airway Symptoms and Rhinitis in Office Workers in Malaysia: Associations with House Dust Mite (HDM) Allergy, Cat Allergy and Levels of House Dust Mite Allergens in Office Dust – UNU Collections
    https://collections.unu.edu/view/UNU:2846
    A prevalence study was conducted among office workers in Malaysia (N= 695). The aim of this study was to examine associations between asthma, airway symptoms, rhinitis and house dust mites (HDM) and cat allergy and HDM levels in office dust. […] The prevalence of D. pteronyssinus, D. farinae and cat allergy were 50.3%, 49.0% and 25.5% respectively. Totally 9.6% had doctor-diagnosed asthma, 15.5% had current wheeze and 53.0% had current rhinitis. […] Office workers with HDM allergy had more wheeze (p= 0.035), any airway symptoms (p= 0.032), doctor-diagnosed asthma (p= 0.005), current asthma (p= 0.007), current rhinitis (p= 0.021) and rhinoconjuctivitis (p
  • #21 d2 American house dust mite | Thermo Fisher Scientific
    https://www.thermofisher.com/phadia/wo/en/resources/allergen-encyclopedia/d2.html
    House dust mites (HDMs) are the most important causes of allergic sensitization and allergic disease, including Dermatophagoides farinae as one of the principal species. […] Globally, house dust mites (HDMs) are the most important causes of allergic sensitization and allergic diseases. […] According to a systematic analysis conducted on 163 articles, involving 114,302 allergic cases in China, the rate of D. farinae sensitization was reported to be 75.2% in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), whereas it was 78.5% in patients with allergic asthma. […] According to a study conducted in China (Qingdao region), D. farinae was responsible for causing AR in 66.4% of children (1887 out of 2841 children). […] Exposure to HDM during early childhood elevates immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, which in turn predisposes to asthma.
  • #22 d2 American house dust mite | Thermo Fisher Scientific
    https://www.thermofisher.com/phadia/wo/en/resources/allergen-encyclopedia/d2.html
    House dust mites (HDMs) are the most important causes of allergic sensitization and allergic disease, including Dermatophagoides farinae as one of the principal species. […] Globally, house dust mites (HDMs) are the most important causes of allergic sensitization and allergic diseases. […] According to a systematic analysis conducted on 163 articles, involving 114,302 allergic cases in China, the rate of D. farinae sensitization was reported to be 75.2% in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), whereas it was 78.5% in patients with allergic asthma. […] According to a study conducted in China (Qingdao region), D. farinae was responsible for causing AR in 66.4% of children (1887 out of 2841 children). […] Exposure to HDM during early childhood elevates immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, which in turn predisposes to asthma.
  • #23 House Dust Mites: Ecology, Biology, Prevalence, Epidemiology and Elimination | IntechOpen
    https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/71977
    House dust mites burrow cheerfully into our clothing, pillowcases, carpets, mats and furniture, and feed on human dead skin cells by breaking them into small particles for ingestion. […] The epidemiologic data on the occurrence of house dust mites convincingly associates with an increased indoor air humidity by increased occurrence of mites. […] Epidemiologic data available on incidence of house dust mites in residences demonstrate a perfect relationship among increased interior air humidity and increased existence of dust mites in house dust. […] Two main allergenic dust mite species, D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae, are important components in the development of asthma. […] Epidemiologic works studying the relationship among house dust mite distribution and outdoor humidity level have revealed that: (1) Outdoor humidity level that is reliant on climate of region and altitude is linked to house dust mite distribution, and peak number of mites is originated in the most moist regions.
  • #24 House Dust Mites: Ecology, Biology, Prevalence, Epidemiology and Elimination | IntechOpen
    https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/71977
    House dust mites burrow cheerfully into our clothing, pillowcases, carpets, mats and furniture, and feed on human dead skin cells by breaking them into small particles for ingestion. […] The epidemiologic data on the occurrence of house dust mites convincingly associates with an increased indoor air humidity by increased occurrence of mites. […] Epidemiologic data available on incidence of house dust mites in residences demonstrate a perfect relationship among increased interior air humidity and increased existence of dust mites in house dust. […] Two main allergenic dust mite species, D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae, are important components in the development of asthma. […] Epidemiologic works studying the relationship among house dust mite distribution and outdoor humidity level have revealed that: (1) Outdoor humidity level that is reliant on climate of region and altitude is linked to house dust mite distribution, and peak number of mites is originated in the most moist regions.
  • #25 House Dust Mites: Ecology, Biology, Prevalence, Epidemiology and Elimination | IntechOpen
    https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/71977
    For geographic regions with a temperate environment, it can be identified rather exactly that in order to stop buildup of hazardous levels of house dust mites in residences, indoor air humidity might be kept under a level of 7.0 g/kg or 45% relative humidity at usual indoor air temperature for a small number of winter months for every year. […] The precise nature of dust mite density or the seasonal populations of house mites in homes are of paramount importance to reduce their development and in clarifying the role they play in dust allergy. […] It is well known that mite prevalence is greater in more humid geographic areas than in dry ones.
  • #26 House Dust Mites: Ecology, Biology, Prevalence, Epidemiology and Elimination | IntechOpen
    https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/71977
    For geographic regions with a temperate environment, it can be identified rather exactly that in order to stop buildup of hazardous levels of house dust mites in residences, indoor air humidity might be kept under a level of 7.0 g/kg or 45% relative humidity at usual indoor air temperature for a small number of winter months for every year. […] The precise nature of dust mite density or the seasonal populations of house mites in homes are of paramount importance to reduce their development and in clarifying the role they play in dust allergy. […] It is well known that mite prevalence is greater in more humid geographic areas than in dry ones.
  • #27 Abundance of domestic mites in dwellings of children and adolescents with asthma in relation to environmental factors and allergy symptoms | Scientific Reports
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-97936-7
    The results of the Spearmans rank test for correlation between some abiotic and biotic indoor environmental factors (housing conditions) and mite prevalence and density in the examined dwellings suggests associations between density of some mite taxa (per gram of dust) and the following abiotic or biotic indoor environmental factors: type and age of building (D. pteronyssinus with old brick houses, D. farinae with block houses and new houses), type of heating (D. pteronyssinus with coal-stoves), presence of pets (positive influence on densities of domestic or total mites and live D. pteronyssinus), family size and flat sizes (positive influence of smaller families or flats), suburban localisation (on D. farinae), place of sampling (beddings and beds on pyroglyphids, domestic and total mites), higher weight of sample (with exception of live D. farinae), type of sleeping accommodation (mattresses on live pyroglyphids and couches on D. farinae, total pyroglyphids, total domestic mites or total mites), absence of flowers/plants (on live D. farinae), lower level/floor of a flat (on D. farinae, L. destructor, total pyroglyphids, total domestic mites and total mites), type of windows (PVC on D. farinae and wooden on live pyroglyphids), higher cleaning frequency and higher moisture. […] The obtained results regarding domestic acarofauna in the examined dwellings of asthmatic subjects cannot completely account for all variables determining the severity of asthma, as those persons may also be exposed to other indoor allergens.
  • #28 Abundance of domestic mites in dwellings of children and adolescents with asthma in relation to environmental factors and allergy symptoms | Scientific Reports
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-97936-7
    The results of the Spearmans rank test for correlation between some abiotic and biotic indoor environmental factors (housing conditions) and mite prevalence and density in the examined dwellings suggests associations between density of some mite taxa (per gram of dust) and the following abiotic or biotic indoor environmental factors: type and age of building (D. pteronyssinus with old brick houses, D. farinae with block houses and new houses), type of heating (D. pteronyssinus with coal-stoves), presence of pets (positive influence on densities of domestic or total mites and live D. pteronyssinus), family size and flat sizes (positive influence of smaller families or flats), suburban localisation (on D. farinae), place of sampling (beddings and beds on pyroglyphids, domestic and total mites), higher weight of sample (with exception of live D. farinae), type of sleeping accommodation (mattresses on live pyroglyphids and couches on D. farinae, total pyroglyphids, total domestic mites or total mites), absence of flowers/plants (on live D. farinae), lower level/floor of a flat (on D. farinae, L. destructor, total pyroglyphids, total domestic mites and total mites), type of windows (PVC on D. farinae and wooden on live pyroglyphids), higher cleaning frequency and higher moisture. […] The obtained results regarding domestic acarofauna in the examined dwellings of asthmatic subjects cannot completely account for all variables determining the severity of asthma, as those persons may also be exposed to other indoor allergens.
  • #29 Asthma, Airway Symptoms and Rhinitis in Office Workers in Malaysia: Associations with House Dust Mite (HDM) Allergy, Cat Allergy and Levels of House Dust Mite Allergens in Office Dust | PLOS One
    https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0124905
    The warm and humid conditions in tropics could provide suitable growth conditions for house dust mites in the office environment, especially if there are carpets. […] The first aim was to measure the prevalence of sensitization to HDM and cat allergens, asthma, airway symptoms and rhinitis among office workers in an academic institution in Malaysia. […] The prevalence of doctor-diagnosed asthma (9.6%), current wheeze (15.5%) and current rhinitis (53.0%) was high among the office workers. […] The prevalence of HDM allergy was very common in our study and the majority (52.5%) of the office workers were sensitized to HDM allergens (D. pteronyssinus or D. farinae). […] Our findings concerning the health associations for HDM allergy are in agreement with many previous early studies, reporting that HDM allergy and exposure to HDM allergens were associated with asthma, asthma symptoms, and rhinitis. […] In conclusion, in our study HDM allergy, cat allergy and respiratory symptoms and rhinitis were very common among office workers in Malaysia. Moreover, HDM allergy and cat allergy were independently associated with asthma, airway symptoms and rhinitis.
  • #30 Dust Mite Allergy | Symptoms and Treatment
    https://patient.info/allergies-blood-immune/allergies/house-dust-mite-and-pet-allergy
    House dust mite and pet allergies occur because of a reaction to tiny airborne particles within the home. […] House dust mites are present in all homes in the UK. […] Improvements in the way homes are insulated, including double glazing, has reduced air circulation and ventilation. As a result, moisture in the air (humidity) in homes has increased. This has made our homes a good environment for house dust mites to thrive. […] The symptoms of those who are allergic to dust mite and those with pet allergies include: Rhinitis. Inflammation of the nose (rhinitis), causing runny nose or nasal congestion and sneezing. […] Allergens (such as dust mite allergens) are substances that cause an allergic response in certain sensitive people. […] They can aggravate conditions such as asthma. […] Allergies to house dust mite and pets are common. Also, in some countries, particularly in the developed world, atopic diseases affect up to 1 in 3 of the population.
  • #31 AAIR :: Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
    https://e-aair.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4168/aair.2019.11.4.450
    Environmental variations induced by industrialization and climate change partially explain the increase in prevalence and severity of allergic disease. […] House dust mites (HDMs) are important sources of allergens inducing asthma and rhinitis, and experimentally they have been demonstrated to be very sensitive to microenvironment modifications; therefore, global or regional changes in temperature, humidity, air pollution or other environmental conditions could modify natural HDM growth, survival and allergen production. […] There is evidence that sensitization to HDMs has increased in some regions of the world, especially in the subtropical and tropical areas; however, the relationship of this increase with environmental changes is not so clear as has reported for pollen allergens. […] The effects of environmental changes on our planet (for example climate change) have become more evident in governments and public health authorities during the last few years.
  • #32 AAIR :: Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
    https://e-aair.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4168/aair.2019.11.4.450
    Environmental variations induced by industrialization and climate change partially explain the increase in prevalence and severity of allergic disease. […] House dust mites (HDMs) are important sources of allergens inducing asthma and rhinitis, and experimentally they have been demonstrated to be very sensitive to microenvironment modifications; therefore, global or regional changes in temperature, humidity, air pollution or other environmental conditions could modify natural HDM growth, survival and allergen production. […] There is evidence that sensitization to HDMs has increased in some regions of the world, especially in the subtropical and tropical areas; however, the relationship of this increase with environmental changes is not so clear as has reported for pollen allergens. […] The effects of environmental changes on our planet (for example climate change) have become more evident in governments and public health authorities during the last few years.
  • #33 AAIR :: Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
    https://e-aair.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4168/aair.2019.11.4.450
    Environmental variations induced by industrialization and climate change partially explain the increase in prevalence and severity of allergic disease. […] House dust mites (HDMs) are important sources of allergens inducing asthma and rhinitis, and experimentally they have been demonstrated to be very sensitive to microenvironment modifications; therefore, global or regional changes in temperature, humidity, air pollution or other environmental conditions could modify natural HDM growth, survival and allergen production. […] There is evidence that sensitization to HDMs has increased in some regions of the world, especially in the subtropical and tropical areas; however, the relationship of this increase with environmental changes is not so clear as has reported for pollen allergens. […] The effects of environmental changes on our planet (for example climate change) have become more evident in governments and public health authorities during the last few years.
  • #34 The hereditary nature of house dust mite allergy
    https://www.exaller.com/en/blog/hereditary-nature-dust-mite-allergy
    Parents who already know that they are allergic to house dust mites can do quite a bit to help their children avoid uncomfortable and debilitating symptoms. […] Allergies are highly heritable, and plenty of studies conducted around the world have revealed useful insights into the genetics of dust mite allergy. […] Its well-established that if one parent has allergies, a child has a 30% chance of being allergic. If both parents are allergic, that chance rises to 50%. When both parents have the same allergy to dust mites, for example their child is 80% likely to suffer from it too. […] Research has shown that continued exposure to dust mites increases the severity of dust mite allergy symptoms and may even lead to asthma, which can be a real handicap (in certain situations). […] Dr Van der Brempt: Children suffer because of dust mite allergy just as much as adults.
  • #35 The hereditary nature of house dust mite allergy
    https://www.exaller.com/en/blog/hereditary-nature-dust-mite-allergy
    Parents who already know that they are allergic to house dust mites can do quite a bit to help their children avoid uncomfortable and debilitating symptoms. […] Allergies are highly heritable, and plenty of studies conducted around the world have revealed useful insights into the genetics of dust mite allergy. […] Its well-established that if one parent has allergies, a child has a 30% chance of being allergic. If both parents are allergic, that chance rises to 50%. When both parents have the same allergy to dust mites, for example their child is 80% likely to suffer from it too. […] Research has shown that continued exposure to dust mites increases the severity of dust mite allergy symptoms and may even lead to asthma, which can be a real handicap (in certain situations). […] Dr Van der Brempt: Children suffer because of dust mite allergy just as much as adults.
  • #36 The hereditary nature of house dust mite allergy
    https://www.exaller.com/en/blog/hereditary-nature-dust-mite-allergy
    Parents who already know that they are allergic to house dust mites can do quite a bit to help their children avoid uncomfortable and debilitating symptoms. […] Allergies are highly heritable, and plenty of studies conducted around the world have revealed useful insights into the genetics of dust mite allergy. […] Its well-established that if one parent has allergies, a child has a 30% chance of being allergic. If both parents are allergic, that chance rises to 50%. When both parents have the same allergy to dust mites, for example their child is 80% likely to suffer from it too. […] Research has shown that continued exposure to dust mites increases the severity of dust mite allergy symptoms and may even lead to asthma, which can be a real handicap (in certain situations). […] Dr Van der Brempt: Children suffer because of dust mite allergy just as much as adults.
  • #37 House dust mite – Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_dust_mite
    House dust mites (HDM, or simply dust mites) are various species of acariform mites belonging to the family Pyroglyphidae that are found in association with dust in dwellings. They are known for causing allergies. […] Detectable dust mite allergen was found in the beds of about 84% of surveyed United States homes. […] In Europe, detectable Der p 1 or Der f 1 allergen was found in 68% of surveyed homes. […] House dust mite antigens are strongly associated with asthma development and severity; they are estimated to contribute to 60-90% of cases. […] Tropomyosin, the major allergen in dust mites, is also responsible for shellfish allergy. […] House dust mites: Agents of allergy.
  • #38 The Prevention of House Dust Mite Allergies in Pediatric Asthma
    https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/11/4/469
    This review provides a concise overview of preventive measures against dust mite allergies in pediatric populations, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive and evolving approach. Dust mites, ubiquitous microscopic arachnids, pose a significant threat to children’s health, triggering allergies and asthma. Traditional preventive strategies such as regular cleaning, mattress covers, and humidity control are essential but warrant refinement. […] In temperate countries, over half of allergic individuals are sensitized to HDMs, and up to 85% of children with bronchial asthma are sensitized to these main Dermatophagoides species. […] Studies have shown a link between HDM allergen levels in homes and asthma symptoms in children and adults sensitized to HDMs. High exposure to these allergens at home can worsen asthma in HDM-sensitized patients, causing bronchospasms and increased bronchial hyperreactivity. Conversely, reducing exposure can improve symptoms.
  • #39 d2 American house dust mite | Thermo Fisher Scientific
    https://www.thermofisher.com/phadia/wo/en/resources/allergen-encyclopedia/d2.html
    House dust mites (HDMs) are the most important causes of allergic sensitization and allergic disease, including Dermatophagoides farinae as one of the principal species. […] Globally, house dust mites (HDMs) are the most important causes of allergic sensitization and allergic diseases. […] According to a systematic analysis conducted on 163 articles, involving 114,302 allergic cases in China, the rate of D. farinae sensitization was reported to be 75.2% in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), whereas it was 78.5% in patients with allergic asthma. […] According to a study conducted in China (Qingdao region), D. farinae was responsible for causing AR in 66.4% of children (1887 out of 2841 children). […] Exposure to HDM during early childhood elevates immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, which in turn predisposes to asthma.
  • #40
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40629-022-00229-2
    There are substantial differences in the prevalence of sensitization within Europe, as shown by an early study of 20- to 44-year-olds from 35 centers in 15 countries. […] Any detectable presence of IgE-specific antibodies to an inhalant allergen in the blood or skin is a risk and is associated with an increased risk of developing allergic rhinitis and asthma, especially in school-aged children. […] The risk of sensitization already in childhood became clear in the German Multicenter Allergy Study from 1990. […] Children who had antibodies to Der p 1 or Der p 23 at age 5 years or younger had an increased risk of developing asthma at school age. […] In principle, sensitization to multiple allergens carries a higher risk of developing allergic rhinitis or asthma. […] When stating the frequency of sensitization in a patient group or the total population, it must be taken into account that sensitization does not have to be constantly detectable.
  • #41 House dust mite allergy explained – Citeq Biologics
    https://citeqbiologics.com/house-dust-mite-allergy-hdm-allergy/
    World Health Organization states that 400 million people suffer from allergic rhinitis. […] The prevalence of asthma varies globally. Approximately 300 million people have asthma. […] There is some, but not consistent, evidence that levels of exposure are linked to the risk to get sensitized by HDMs within childhood. […] The spread and quantity of HDMs is dependent on their favourable microclimate where they can live and reproduce. […] HDM population densities influence allergen levels, human exposure and, with a certain reach, prevention of severity of disease. […] Humidity is an important factor for the prevalence of HDMs, inside and outside the house. […] The most common HDMs and their allergens like D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae are common globally. […] It is difficult to control HDMs and their allergens. […] The determination of reduction of allergen exposure remains difficult, a reduction might work for one patient, but may be too frail for another.
  • #42 House Dust Mite Allergy Treatment Global Market Report
    https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2022/12/02/2566697/28124/en/House-Dust-Mite-Allergy-Treatment-Global-Market-Report-2022-Featuring-Allergy-Therapeutics-Bayer-GlaxoSmithKline-Johnson-and-Johnson-More.html
    According to the Allergy and Asthma Foundation, in March 2020, it was observed that dust mites are the leading causes of in-house allergies. […] Furthermore, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2020, it was reported that around 70% of allergic reactions are caused due to house dust mite allergen. […] In addition, chronic exposure to house dust mites impacts the health of population with asthma, and those who are sensitive and allergic to mites. Thus, the population diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and asthma are more prone to house dust mite allergy. […] According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in 2020, it was reported that around 25.2 million population is diagnosed from asthma, globally. […] According to the Thermo Fisher Scientific, it was reported that around 90% of population diagnosed with allergic asthma are sensitized to house dust mite allergens.
  • #43 House Dust Mite Allergy Treatment Global Market Report
    https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2022/12/02/2566697/28124/en/House-Dust-Mite-Allergy-Treatment-Global-Market-Report-2022-Featuring-Allergy-Therapeutics-Bayer-GlaxoSmithKline-Johnson-and-Johnson-More.html
    According to the Allergy and Asthma Foundation, in March 2020, it was observed that dust mites are the leading causes of in-house allergies. […] Furthermore, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2020, it was reported that around 70% of allergic reactions are caused due to house dust mite allergen. […] In addition, chronic exposure to house dust mites impacts the health of population with asthma, and those who are sensitive and allergic to mites. Thus, the population diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and asthma are more prone to house dust mite allergy. […] According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in 2020, it was reported that around 25.2 million population is diagnosed from asthma, globally. […] According to the Thermo Fisher Scientific, it was reported that around 90% of population diagnosed with allergic asthma are sensitized to house dust mite allergens.
  • #44 Dust mite allergy – Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dust_mite_allergy
    Dust mite allergy, also known as house dust allergy, is a sensitization and allergic reaction to the droppings of house dust mites. The allergy is common and can trigger allergic reactions such as asthma, eczema or itching. […] Epidemiological surveys have confirmed correlation between shellfish and dust mite sensitizations. […] Positive tests for dust mite allergies are extremely common among people with asthma.
  • #45 Dust Mite Allergy | Treatment & Management | Point of Care
    https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/20773
    Dust mite allergy is a prevalent form of allergy. It affects 20 million people across The United States of America. Being ubiquitous, house dust mites are found all across the world. Around 84 percent of USA households have been detected with the presence of house dust mites. In industrialized areas, like Germany, 1 out of every four people are affected by dust mite allergy. Combined, allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma affect up to 800 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). […] Up to two-thirds of children with asthma and up to 1/2 of adults who have asthma also suffer from allergies. Of these patients who suffer from asthma and allergies, about 40%-85% of them are allergic to the HDM, this trend is observed all over America, Europe, south-east Asia, and Australia. Around 5 to 30 percent of the general population show house dust mite sensitivity to skin test reactivity.
  • #46 Dust Mite Allergy | AAFA.org
    https://aafa.org/allergies/types-of-allergies/insect-allergy/dust-mite-allergy/
    Dust mites may be the most common trigger of year-round allergies and allergic asthma. […] Most dust mites die in low humidity levels or extreme temperatures. But they leave their dead bodies and waste behind. These can continue to cause allergic reactions. In a warm, humid house, dust mites can survive all year. […] If you have symptoms year-round, you could have a dust mite allergy. […] Many people with a dust mite allergy do not get complete relief from medicines. This means they may consider immunotherapy (allergy shots). Immunotherapy is a long-term treatment that can help prevent or reduce the severity of allergic reactions. […] Studies show that more dust mites live in your bedroom than anywhere else in your home. So this is the best place to start.
  • #47 House Dust Mites | Entomology
    https://entomology.ca.uky.edu/ef646
    House dust mites are known to cause or exacerbate bronchial asthma in sensitized individuals. […] Diagnostic tests and clinical studies by allergists have shown house dust mite to be the most common allergy in asthmatics, and an important „root cause” for the development of asthma in young children. Recent studies suggest that at least 45 percent of young people with asthma are allergic to house dust mites. […] There are two basic approaches to managing dust mite allergy: 1) treatment of the patient, and 2) modification of the patients’ environment to minimize exposure to the mites. An allergist may prescribe quick-relief medications and/or allergy vaccinations (immunotherapy). […] Dust mite abatement has become a huge industry, with companies offering many products and services to allergy sufferers seeking relief from their symptoms.
  • #48 Prevalence and patterns of mite allergy in bronchial asthma patients visiting a tertiary care centre – IJCED
    https://www.ijced.org/html-article/21920
    The prevalence of Mite allergy was observed more in females when compared to males. […] The most common House Dust mite was found to be Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (72.5%) followed by Dermatophagoides farinae (66.25%) and Blomia tropicalis (61.25%). […] The study concluded that D. pteronyssinus was the most common allergen in the study population of Bronchial Asthma. […] Out of the 80 participants recruited in the study, 78 had a positive skin prick test. […] The Skin Prick Test Sensitization to Mites, which was conducted on the study group, revealed the following pattern: 68 patients, or 85% of the total number of patients included in the study, had positive results for Dust Mite, indicating that aeroallergens are important in initiating the pathophysiology of asthma. […] In our study -The most common mite was found to be D.Pteronyssinus 72.50% followed by D. Farinae 66.25 % and Blomia Tropicalis 61.25 %. […] Our study observed sensitisation to more than one mite and many showed sensitization to all three mites included in the study. […] Dust mite is one of the most prevalent aero-allergen and identified as an emerging worldwide problem which can be prevented by appropriate measures for mite control.
  • #49 Prevalence and patterns of mite allergy in bronchial asthma patients visiting a tertiary care centre – IJCED
    https://www.ijced.org/html-article/21920
    The prevalence of Mite allergy was observed more in females when compared to males. […] The most common House Dust mite was found to be Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (72.5%) followed by Dermatophagoides farinae (66.25%) and Blomia tropicalis (61.25%). […] The study concluded that D. pteronyssinus was the most common allergen in the study population of Bronchial Asthma. […] Out of the 80 participants recruited in the study, 78 had a positive skin prick test. […] The Skin Prick Test Sensitization to Mites, which was conducted on the study group, revealed the following pattern: 68 patients, or 85% of the total number of patients included in the study, had positive results for Dust Mite, indicating that aeroallergens are important in initiating the pathophysiology of asthma. […] In our study -The most common mite was found to be D.Pteronyssinus 72.50% followed by D. Farinae 66.25 % and Blomia Tropicalis 61.25 %. […] Our study observed sensitisation to more than one mite and many showed sensitization to all three mites included in the study. […] Dust mite is one of the most prevalent aero-allergen and identified as an emerging worldwide problem which can be prevented by appropriate measures for mite control.
  • #50 House dust mite-related respiratory allergies and probiotics: a narrative review | Clinical and Molecular Allergy | Full Text
    https://clinicalmolecularallergy.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12948-018-0092-9
    It can be estimated that approximately 12% of the general population worldwide has allergic sensitization towards HDMs with significant variability depending on the cohort being studied. […] In developed countries, this rate is much higher: in Europe, HDM allergic sensitization is above 20%; it is rising up to 40% in some cohorts in North America and to over 80% in a cohort of paediatric patients in Taiwan. […] This result demonstrates that substantial diversity in HDM allergic sensitization prevalence exists and depends on factors such as ethnicity, socio-economic conditions, geographical variations and even the diagnostic paradigm that is adopted. […] A very common manifestation of HDM allergic sensitization is rhinitis, the symptoms of which include sneezing, and stuffy and running nose.
  • #51 House dust mite-related respiratory allergies and probiotics: a narrative review | Clinical and Molecular Allergy | Full Text
    https://clinicalmolecularallergy.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12948-018-0092-9
    However, a recent research article stated that the socio-economic burden of allergic rhinitis on continental Europe is even higher than that of mainstream health conditions, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. […] When scaled in terms of cost to the continental economy, allergic rhinitis accounts for billions of Euros in healthcare expenses across Europe. […] When this statistic is seen in context of the fact that allergy prevalence is rising (more than 50% of Europeans will suffer from allergic rhinitis in 10 years), the economic burden from the entire European Unions perspective is enormous, to put it mildly.
  • #52 House dust mite-related respiratory allergies and probiotics: a narrative review | Clinical and Molecular Allergy | Full Text
    https://clinicalmolecularallergy.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12948-018-0092-9
    However, a recent research article stated that the socio-economic burden of allergic rhinitis on continental Europe is even higher than that of mainstream health conditions, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. […] When scaled in terms of cost to the continental economy, allergic rhinitis accounts for billions of Euros in healthcare expenses across Europe. […] When this statistic is seen in context of the fact that allergy prevalence is rising (more than 50% of Europeans will suffer from allergic rhinitis in 10 years), the economic burden from the entire European Unions perspective is enormous, to put it mildly.
  • #53 House dust mite allergy explained – Citeq Biologics
    https://citeqbiologics.com/house-dust-mite-allergy-hdm-allergy/
    The majority of house dust mite allergy patients are both sensitized to D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae. […] Various researchers have described the common allergenic extract components of dust mites. […] The populations fluctuate throughout the season. In general, the size of the populations within the north of Europe are the largest at the end of the summer and autumn. […] Over the years, HDMs were regularly linked to different diseases. Most of those diseases have an allergic foundation. […] The different diseases human suffer from HDMs are, among other things, allergic rhinitis, keratoconjunctivitis, otitis media, allergic asthma, atopic eczema, anaphylaxis, nettle-rash, and gastrointestinal allergy. […] Allergic rhinitis hits 10-30% of the population. […] In 2012, 9% of all children in the USA were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis the past year.
  • #54 House dust mite allergy explained – Citeq Biologics
    https://citeqbiologics.com/house-dust-mite-allergy-hdm-allergy/
    The majority of house dust mite allergy patients are both sensitized to D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae. […] Various researchers have described the common allergenic extract components of dust mites. […] The populations fluctuate throughout the season. In general, the size of the populations within the north of Europe are the largest at the end of the summer and autumn. […] Over the years, HDMs were regularly linked to different diseases. Most of those diseases have an allergic foundation. […] The different diseases human suffer from HDMs are, among other things, allergic rhinitis, keratoconjunctivitis, otitis media, allergic asthma, atopic eczema, anaphylaxis, nettle-rash, and gastrointestinal allergy. […] Allergic rhinitis hits 10-30% of the population. […] In 2012, 9% of all children in the USA were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis the past year.
  • #55 House dust mite allergy explained – Citeq Biologics
    https://citeqbiologics.com/house-dust-mite-allergy-hdm-allergy/
    World Health Organization states that 400 million people suffer from allergic rhinitis. […] The prevalence of asthma varies globally. Approximately 300 million people have asthma. […] There is some, but not consistent, evidence that levels of exposure are linked to the risk to get sensitized by HDMs within childhood. […] The spread and quantity of HDMs is dependent on their favourable microclimate where they can live and reproduce. […] HDM population densities influence allergen levels, human exposure and, with a certain reach, prevention of severity of disease. […] Humidity is an important factor for the prevalence of HDMs, inside and outside the house. […] The most common HDMs and their allergens like D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae are common globally. […] It is difficult to control HDMs and their allergens. […] The determination of reduction of allergen exposure remains difficult, a reduction might work for one patient, but may be too frail for another.
  • #56 Clinical validation of controlled exposure to house dust mite in the environmental exposure unit (EEU) | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology | Full Text
    https://aacijournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13223-021-00536-3
    The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) varies between 15 and 50% in different populations and as such, is considered a major public health problem worldwide. […] AR can be classified as seasonal (e.g., hay fever) or perennial for which house dust mites (HDMs) are the most common cause for perennial AR. […] A large proportion of patients with AR and/or allergic asthma, are sensitized to HDM, predominantly Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f; American HDM) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p; European HDM). […] The prevalence of sensitization to these mites is reported to be from 8 to 90% in different countries. […] House dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis (HDM-AR) is an IgE-mediated immune response occurring in the mucosal lining of the nasal cavity, evidenced by a clinical history of rhinitis symptoms (sneezing, nasal pruritis, rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion) and/or ocular symptoms (itchy, teary and red eyes) upon HDM exposure, with a positive skin prick test or nasal provocation test and specific IgE testing.
  • #57 Clinical validation of controlled exposure to house dust mite in the environmental exposure unit (EEU) | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology | Full Text
    https://aacijournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13223-021-00536-3
    The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) varies between 15 and 50% in different populations and as such, is considered a major public health problem worldwide. […] AR can be classified as seasonal (e.g., hay fever) or perennial for which house dust mites (HDMs) are the most common cause for perennial AR. […] A large proportion of patients with AR and/or allergic asthma, are sensitized to HDM, predominantly Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f; American HDM) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p; European HDM). […] The prevalence of sensitization to these mites is reported to be from 8 to 90% in different countries. […] House dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis (HDM-AR) is an IgE-mediated immune response occurring in the mucosal lining of the nasal cavity, evidenced by a clinical history of rhinitis symptoms (sneezing, nasal pruritis, rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion) and/or ocular symptoms (itchy, teary and red eyes) upon HDM exposure, with a positive skin prick test or nasal provocation test and specific IgE testing.
  • #58 Clinical validation of controlled exposure to house dust mite in the environmental exposure unit (EEU) | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology | Full Text
    https://aacijournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13223-021-00536-3
    The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) varies between 15 and 50% in different populations and as such, is considered a major public health problem worldwide. […] AR can be classified as seasonal (e.g., hay fever) or perennial for which house dust mites (HDMs) are the most common cause for perennial AR. […] A large proportion of patients with AR and/or allergic asthma, are sensitized to HDM, predominantly Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f; American HDM) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p; European HDM). […] The prevalence of sensitization to these mites is reported to be from 8 to 90% in different countries. […] House dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis (HDM-AR) is an IgE-mediated immune response occurring in the mucosal lining of the nasal cavity, evidenced by a clinical history of rhinitis symptoms (sneezing, nasal pruritis, rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion) and/or ocular symptoms (itchy, teary and red eyes) upon HDM exposure, with a positive skin prick test or nasal provocation test and specific IgE testing.
  • #59 Clinical validation of controlled exposure to house dust mite in the environmental exposure unit (EEU) | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology | Full Text
    https://aacijournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13223-021-00536-3
    The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) varies between 15 and 50% in different populations and as such, is considered a major public health problem worldwide. […] AR can be classified as seasonal (e.g., hay fever) or perennial for which house dust mites (HDMs) are the most common cause for perennial AR. […] A large proportion of patients with AR and/or allergic asthma, are sensitized to HDM, predominantly Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f; American HDM) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p; European HDM). […] The prevalence of sensitization to these mites is reported to be from 8 to 90% in different countries. […] House dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis (HDM-AR) is an IgE-mediated immune response occurring in the mucosal lining of the nasal cavity, evidenced by a clinical history of rhinitis symptoms (sneezing, nasal pruritis, rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion) and/or ocular symptoms (itchy, teary and red eyes) upon HDM exposure, with a positive skin prick test or nasal provocation test and specific IgE testing.
  • #60 d2 American house dust mite | Thermo Fisher Scientific
    https://www.thermofisher.com/phadia/wo/en/resources/allergen-encyclopedia/d2.html
    A study was conducted in 2087 allergic patients, out of which, 82% of patients demonstrated a positive skin prick test (SPT) for HDM allergens. […] The prevalence of sensitization to mites can be very high in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). […] In a retrospective, cohort study was conducted on 102 children with AD (median age at onset: 1.5 years). […] The prevalence of IgE reactivity was observed to be 94.7%, of the total HDM extract, in a study conducted on 129 HDM-allergic Korean patients. […] A high degree of cross-reactivity is noted between D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae extracts, however, the reactivity between Dermatophagoides and B. tropicalis has been reported to be low.
  • #61 d2 American house dust mite | Thermo Fisher Scientific
    https://www.thermofisher.com/phadia/wo/en/resources/allergen-encyclopedia/d2.html
    A study was conducted in 2087 allergic patients, out of which, 82% of patients demonstrated a positive skin prick test (SPT) for HDM allergens. […] The prevalence of sensitization to mites can be very high in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). […] In a retrospective, cohort study was conducted on 102 children with AD (median age at onset: 1.5 years). […] The prevalence of IgE reactivity was observed to be 94.7%, of the total HDM extract, in a study conducted on 129 HDM-allergic Korean patients. […] A high degree of cross-reactivity is noted between D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae extracts, however, the reactivity between Dermatophagoides and B. tropicalis has been reported to be low.
  • #62 House dust mite
    https://dermnetnz.org/topics/house-dust-mite
    House dust mites produce aeroallergens that can cause hypersensitivity particularly in atopic individuals those with atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and allergic asthma. […] House dust mites produce the most relevant airborne allergens for atopic dermatitis. […] House dust mite hypersensitivity also exacerbates allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and allergic asthma. […] House dust mite hypersensitivity should be considered clinically in atopic dermatitis refractory to treatment. […] The effectiveness of eradication and desensitisation interventions remains uncertain and should only be considered in patients with atopic dermatitis and proven house dust mite hypersensitivity. […] Guidelines for the management of house dust mite hypersensitivity in atopic dermatitis remain unclear and inconsistent due to low-quality clinical trials.
  • #63 Dust Mite Allergy | Treatment & Management | Point of Care
    https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/20773
    Ninety-seven percent of people with dust mite allergy are sensitized to the allergen Der p 1. Der p 11 has been most frequently associated with atopic dermatitis. 70 percent of the people with dust mite allergy have been recently found to be sensitized to Der p 23 allergen. To date, 24 allergens associated with house dust mite have been identified.
  • #64 Dust Mite Allergy | Treatment & Management | Point of Care
    https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/20773
    Ninety-seven percent of people with dust mite allergy are sensitized to the allergen Der p 1. Der p 11 has been most frequently associated with atopic dermatitis. 70 percent of the people with dust mite allergy have been recently found to be sensitized to Der p 23 allergen. To date, 24 allergens associated with house dust mite have been identified.
  • #65 House dust mite
    https://dermnetnz.org/topics/house-dust-mite
    House dust mites produce aeroallergens that can cause hypersensitivity particularly in atopic individuals those with atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and allergic asthma. […] House dust mites produce the most relevant airborne allergens for atopic dermatitis. […] House dust mite hypersensitivity also exacerbates allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and allergic asthma. […] House dust mite hypersensitivity should be considered clinically in atopic dermatitis refractory to treatment. […] The effectiveness of eradication and desensitisation interventions remains uncertain and should only be considered in patients with atopic dermatitis and proven house dust mite hypersensitivity. […] Guidelines for the management of house dust mite hypersensitivity in atopic dermatitis remain unclear and inconsistent due to low-quality clinical trials.
  • #66 House dust mite
    https://dermnetnz.org/topics/house-dust-mite
    House dust mites produce aeroallergens that can cause hypersensitivity particularly in atopic individuals those with atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and allergic asthma. […] House dust mites produce the most relevant airborne allergens for atopic dermatitis. […] House dust mite hypersensitivity also exacerbates allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and allergic asthma. […] House dust mite hypersensitivity should be considered clinically in atopic dermatitis refractory to treatment. […] The effectiveness of eradication and desensitisation interventions remains uncertain and should only be considered in patients with atopic dermatitis and proven house dust mite hypersensitivity. […] Guidelines for the management of house dust mite hypersensitivity in atopic dermatitis remain unclear and inconsistent due to low-quality clinical trials.
  • #67 House Dust Mite Allergy – Global Allergy & Airways Patient PlatformExpandExpandExpandExpandExpandExpandToggle MenuScroll to topScroll to topExpandExpandExpandExpandExpandExpand
    https://gaapp.org/diseases/allergies/types-of-allergies/house-dust-mite-allergy
    House dust mites are the most ubiquitous source of indoor allergens inducing allergies. […] The main species that cause allergic sensitization are Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae. […] The following factors increase your risk of developing a dust mite allergy: Having a family history of allergies. Being exposed to high levels of dust mites, especially early in life, increases your risk. Being a child or a young adult. You’re more likely to develop dust mite allergy during childhood or early adulthood. […] Allergy testing will show if there is allergic sensitization to dust mites. Your doctor can use either a blood test or skin test to aid in the diagnosis. Medical history, symptoms, physical examination and the test results will help your doctor to find the right diagnose.
  • #68 House Dust Mite Allergy – Market Insight, Epidemiology and Market Forecast – 2034
    https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/5524184/house-dust-mite-allergy-market-insight?srsltid=AfmBOoqfn-p4oLMrYWxg2YXqYPkgsN5-jq_tJ9MZKO0jIAUTCFU0Yev2
    The House Dust Mite Allergy epidemiology division provide insights about historical and current House Dust Mite Allergy patient pool and forecasted trend for every seven major countries. […] The disease epidemiology covered in the report provides historical as well as forecasted House Dust Mite Allergy epidemiology scenario in the 7MM covering the United States, EU5 countries (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and the United Kingdom), and Japan from 2020 to 2034. […] The epidemiology segment also provides the House Dust Mite Allergy epidemiology data and findings across the United States, EU5 (Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom), and Japan. […] The report provides insights into different therapeutic candidates in Phase II, and Phase III stage. […] The report covers the detailed information of collaborations, acquisition and merger, licensing, patent details and other information for House Dust Mite Allergy emerging therapies.
  • #69 Clinical validation of controlled exposure to house dust mite in the environmental exposure unit (EEU) | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology | Full Text
    https://aacijournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13223-021-00536-3
    The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) varies between 15 and 50% in different populations and as such, is considered a major public health problem worldwide. […] AR can be classified as seasonal (e.g., hay fever) or perennial for which house dust mites (HDMs) are the most common cause for perennial AR. […] A large proportion of patients with AR and/or allergic asthma, are sensitized to HDM, predominantly Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f; American HDM) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p; European HDM). […] The prevalence of sensitization to these mites is reported to be from 8 to 90% in different countries. […] House dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis (HDM-AR) is an IgE-mediated immune response occurring in the mucosal lining of the nasal cavity, evidenced by a clinical history of rhinitis symptoms (sneezing, nasal pruritis, rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion) and/or ocular symptoms (itchy, teary and red eyes) upon HDM exposure, with a positive skin prick test or nasal provocation test and specific IgE testing.
  • #70 Respiratory allergy caused by house dust mites: What do we really know? – EM consulte
    https://www.em-consulte.com/article/988326/respiratory-allergy-caused-by-house-dust-mites-wha
    The house dust mite (HDM) is a major perennial allergen source and a significant cause of allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma. […] This review assesses the links between exposure to HDM, development of the allergic response, and pathologic consequences in patients with respiratory allergic diseases. […] We investigate the epidemiology of HDM allergy to explore the interaction between mites and human subjects at the population, individual, and molecular levels. […] Prevalence data for HDM allergen sensitization vary from 65 to 130 million persons in the general population worldwide to as many as 50% among asthmatic patients. […] Heterogeneity of populations, terminology, and end points in the literature confound estimates, indicating the need for greater standardization in epidemiologic research. […] Improved understanding of HDMs, their allergens, and their microhabitats will enable development of more effective outcomes for patients with HDM allergy.
  • #71 Respiratory allergy caused by house dust mites: What do we really know? – EM consulte
    https://www.em-consulte.com/article/988326/respiratory-allergy-caused-by-house-dust-mites-wha
    The house dust mite (HDM) is a major perennial allergen source and a significant cause of allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma. […] This review assesses the links between exposure to HDM, development of the allergic response, and pathologic consequences in patients with respiratory allergic diseases. […] We investigate the epidemiology of HDM allergy to explore the interaction between mites and human subjects at the population, individual, and molecular levels. […] Prevalence data for HDM allergen sensitization vary from 65 to 130 million persons in the general population worldwide to as many as 50% among asthmatic patients. […] Heterogeneity of populations, terminology, and end points in the literature confound estimates, indicating the need for greater standardization in epidemiologic research. […] Improved understanding of HDMs, their allergens, and their microhabitats will enable development of more effective outcomes for patients with HDM allergy.
  • #72 House Dust Mites: Ecology, Biology, Prevalence, Epidemiology and Elimination | IntechOpen
    https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/71977
    For geographic regions with a temperate environment, it can be identified rather exactly that in order to stop buildup of hazardous levels of house dust mites in residences, indoor air humidity might be kept under a level of 7.0 g/kg or 45% relative humidity at usual indoor air temperature for a small number of winter months for every year. […] The precise nature of dust mite density or the seasonal populations of house mites in homes are of paramount importance to reduce their development and in clarifying the role they play in dust allergy. […] It is well known that mite prevalence is greater in more humid geographic areas than in dry ones.
  • #73
    https://journals.lww.com/epidem/fulltext/2006/11001/role_of_dust_mites_as_part_of_bundled_pediatric.723.aspx
    The impact of replacement of old mattresses with new dust mite impermeable mattresses was assessed within the context of a comprehensive community-based participatory research study of an integrated pest management intervention. […] Baseline dust mite mattress levels were evaluated to determine the extent of dust mite levels above asthma sensitivity and exacerbation thresholds in this housing type and geographical location. […] Allergy to dust mites was examined with respect to baseline dust mite exposure levels. […] Dust mite allergy levels were high (54% for Der f and 62% for Der p) despite relatively low baseline exposure levels. […] The results suggest a need for further investigation of the value of dust mite mitigation in housing with levels of antigen below the suggested cut-points for sensitization and exacerbation.
  • #74
    https://journals.lww.com/epidem/fulltext/2006/11001/role_of_dust_mites_as_part_of_bundled_pediatric.723.aspx
    The impact of replacement of old mattresses with new dust mite impermeable mattresses was assessed within the context of a comprehensive community-based participatory research study of an integrated pest management intervention. […] Baseline dust mite mattress levels were evaluated to determine the extent of dust mite levels above asthma sensitivity and exacerbation thresholds in this housing type and geographical location. […] Allergy to dust mites was examined with respect to baseline dust mite exposure levels. […] Dust mite allergy levels were high (54% for Der f and 62% for Der p) despite relatively low baseline exposure levels. […] The results suggest a need for further investigation of the value of dust mite mitigation in housing with levels of antigen below the suggested cut-points for sensitization and exacerbation.
  • #75
    https://journals.lww.com/epidem/fulltext/2006/11001/role_of_dust_mites_as_part_of_bundled_pediatric.723.aspx
    The impact of replacement of old mattresses with new dust mite impermeable mattresses was assessed within the context of a comprehensive community-based participatory research study of an integrated pest management intervention. […] Baseline dust mite mattress levels were evaluated to determine the extent of dust mite levels above asthma sensitivity and exacerbation thresholds in this housing type and geographical location. […] Allergy to dust mites was examined with respect to baseline dust mite exposure levels. […] Dust mite allergy levels were high (54% for Der f and 62% for Der p) despite relatively low baseline exposure levels. […] The results suggest a need for further investigation of the value of dust mite mitigation in housing with levels of antigen below the suggested cut-points for sensitization and exacerbation.
  • #76 House dust mite allergy explained – Citeq Biologics
    https://citeqbiologics.com/house-dust-mite-allergy-hdm-allergy/
    World Health Organization states that 400 million people suffer from allergic rhinitis. […] The prevalence of asthma varies globally. Approximately 300 million people have asthma. […] There is some, but not consistent, evidence that levels of exposure are linked to the risk to get sensitized by HDMs within childhood. […] The spread and quantity of HDMs is dependent on their favourable microclimate where they can live and reproduce. […] HDM population densities influence allergen levels, human exposure and, with a certain reach, prevention of severity of disease. […] Humidity is an important factor for the prevalence of HDMs, inside and outside the house. […] The most common HDMs and their allergens like D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae are common globally. […] It is difficult to control HDMs and their allergens. […] The determination of reduction of allergen exposure remains difficult, a reduction might work for one patient, but may be too frail for another.
  • #77 House dust mite allergy explained – Citeq Biologics
    https://citeqbiologics.com/house-dust-mite-allergy-hdm-allergy/
    World Health Organization states that 400 million people suffer from allergic rhinitis. […] The prevalence of asthma varies globally. Approximately 300 million people have asthma. […] There is some, but not consistent, evidence that levels of exposure are linked to the risk to get sensitized by HDMs within childhood. […] The spread and quantity of HDMs is dependent on their favourable microclimate where they can live and reproduce. […] HDM population densities influence allergen levels, human exposure and, with a certain reach, prevention of severity of disease. […] Humidity is an important factor for the prevalence of HDMs, inside and outside the house. […] The most common HDMs and their allergens like D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae are common globally. […] It is difficult to control HDMs and their allergens. […] The determination of reduction of allergen exposure remains difficult, a reduction might work for one patient, but may be too frail for another.
  • #78 House dust mite allergy explained – Citeq Biologics
    https://citeqbiologics.com/house-dust-mite-allergy-hdm-allergy/
    World Health Organization states that 400 million people suffer from allergic rhinitis. […] The prevalence of asthma varies globally. Approximately 300 million people have asthma. […] There is some, but not consistent, evidence that levels of exposure are linked to the risk to get sensitized by HDMs within childhood. […] The spread and quantity of HDMs is dependent on their favourable microclimate where they can live and reproduce. […] HDM population densities influence allergen levels, human exposure and, with a certain reach, prevention of severity of disease. […] Humidity is an important factor for the prevalence of HDMs, inside and outside the house. […] The most common HDMs and their allergens like D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae are common globally. […] It is difficult to control HDMs and their allergens. […] The determination of reduction of allergen exposure remains difficult, a reduction might work for one patient, but may be too frail for another.
  • #79 AAIR :: Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
    https://e-aair.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4168/aair.2019.11.4.450
    Allergic diseases have increased worldwide, especially in tropical regions of Asia-Pacific, Africa and Latin America. […] Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain these trends, but one interesting observation is increased IgE sensitization to HDMs in communities where allergies have been traditionally low prevalent. […] IgE reactivity to HDM allergens has been evaluated since the early 1990s in different regions of the world. […] Due to their rapid industrialization, it is in urban developed regions of Asia where the increase in HDM sensitization has been more pronounced. […] Increased rates of HDM sensitization are also prominent in urban areas of Africa, acting as a major risk factor in children living in affluent localities. […] The increasing rates of HDM sensitization in the Asia Pacific region and other developing areas of South America seem to be also associated with the rapid changes in urbanization and lifestyle.
  • #80 AAIR :: Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
    https://e-aair.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4168/aair.2019.11.4.450
    Allergic diseases have increased worldwide, especially in tropical regions of Asia-Pacific, Africa and Latin America. […] Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain these trends, but one interesting observation is increased IgE sensitization to HDMs in communities where allergies have been traditionally low prevalent. […] IgE reactivity to HDM allergens has been evaluated since the early 1990s in different regions of the world. […] Due to their rapid industrialization, it is in urban developed regions of Asia where the increase in HDM sensitization has been more pronounced. […] Increased rates of HDM sensitization are also prominent in urban areas of Africa, acting as a major risk factor in children living in affluent localities. […] The increasing rates of HDM sensitization in the Asia Pacific region and other developing areas of South America seem to be also associated with the rapid changes in urbanization and lifestyle.
  • #81 AAIR :: Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
    https://e-aair.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4168/aair.2019.11.4.450
    Allergic diseases have increased worldwide, especially in tropical regions of Asia-Pacific, Africa and Latin America. […] Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain these trends, but one interesting observation is increased IgE sensitization to HDMs in communities where allergies have been traditionally low prevalent. […] IgE reactivity to HDM allergens has been evaluated since the early 1990s in different regions of the world. […] Due to their rapid industrialization, it is in urban developed regions of Asia where the increase in HDM sensitization has been more pronounced. […] Increased rates of HDM sensitization are also prominent in urban areas of Africa, acting as a major risk factor in children living in affluent localities. […] The increasing rates of HDM sensitization in the Asia Pacific region and other developing areas of South America seem to be also associated with the rapid changes in urbanization and lifestyle.
  • #82 AAIR :: Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
    https://e-aair.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4168/aair.2019.11.4.450
    Allergic diseases have increased worldwide, especially in tropical regions of Asia-Pacific, Africa and Latin America. […] Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain these trends, but one interesting observation is increased IgE sensitization to HDMs in communities where allergies have been traditionally low prevalent. […] IgE reactivity to HDM allergens has been evaluated since the early 1990s in different regions of the world. […] Due to their rapid industrialization, it is in urban developed regions of Asia where the increase in HDM sensitization has been more pronounced. […] Increased rates of HDM sensitization are also prominent in urban areas of Africa, acting as a major risk factor in children living in affluent localities. […] The increasing rates of HDM sensitization in the Asia Pacific region and other developing areas of South America seem to be also associated with the rapid changes in urbanization and lifestyle.
  • #83 AAIR :: Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
    https://e-aair.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4168/aair.2019.11.4.450
    Allergic diseases have increased worldwide, especially in tropical regions of Asia-Pacific, Africa and Latin America. […] Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain these trends, but one interesting observation is increased IgE sensitization to HDMs in communities where allergies have been traditionally low prevalent. […] IgE reactivity to HDM allergens has been evaluated since the early 1990s in different regions of the world. […] Due to their rapid industrialization, it is in urban developed regions of Asia where the increase in HDM sensitization has been more pronounced. […] Increased rates of HDM sensitization are also prominent in urban areas of Africa, acting as a major risk factor in children living in affluent localities. […] The increasing rates of HDM sensitization in the Asia Pacific region and other developing areas of South America seem to be also associated with the rapid changes in urbanization and lifestyle.
  • #84
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40629-022-00229-2
    Domestic mites is the term used to describe dust mites and storage mites that prefer to live in houses and to which many people develop sensitization through the formation of specific IgE antibodies due to the high allergenic potency of mite allergens. […] Sensitization to house mites is widespread in the German population. About 11 million adults are sensitized in Germany (15.9%). […] Sensitizations occur more frequently in large cities and with higher socioeconomic status. […] The prevalence of sensitization varies only slightly in the different regions of Germany. […] More important is the difference in prevalence by community type. In rural areas or small towns, it is significantly lower than in large cities. […] The cause of more sensitization in large cities is not clear. […] Another factor influencing sensitization is socioeconomic status.
  • #85
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40629-022-00229-2
    Domestic mites is the term used to describe dust mites and storage mites that prefer to live in houses and to which many people develop sensitization through the formation of specific IgE antibodies due to the high allergenic potency of mite allergens. […] Sensitization to house mites is widespread in the German population. About 11 million adults are sensitized in Germany (15.9%). […] Sensitizations occur more frequently in large cities and with higher socioeconomic status. […] The prevalence of sensitization varies only slightly in the different regions of Germany. […] More important is the difference in prevalence by community type. In rural areas or small towns, it is significantly lower than in large cities. […] The cause of more sensitization in large cities is not clear. […] Another factor influencing sensitization is socioeconomic status.
  • #86 House Dust Mite Allergy Treatment Market Overview By 2031
    https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/house-dust-mite-allergy-treatment-market-A16570
    Moreover, strong presence of key manufacturing companies to manufacture and distribute house dust mite allergy treatment products and rise in expenditure on healthcare products propel the growth of the market. […] However, rise in hygiene practices reduces the occurrence of house dust mite allergy, which, in turn, is expected to restrict the market growth. […] Asia-Pacific is expected to register highest CAGR of 14.4% from 2022 to 2031, owing to increase in prevalence of house dust mite allergy diseases, rise in awareness about spreading knowledge regarding allergens, surge in healthcare expenditure, and rise in adoption of immunotherapy drugs for the treatment of house dust mite allergies. […] The key trends in the house dust mite allergy treatment market are increase in prevalence of allergic diseases associated with house dust mites, rise in demand for immunological products, increase in funding from private government organizations for development of pharmaceutical manufacturing segments, and rise in RD activities for manufacturing of anti-allergy drugs.
  • #87 House Dust Mite Allergy Treatment Market Overview By 2031
    https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/house-dust-mite-allergy-treatment-market-A16570
    Moreover, strong presence of key manufacturing companies to manufacture and distribute house dust mite allergy treatment products and rise in expenditure on healthcare products propel the growth of the market. […] However, rise in hygiene practices reduces the occurrence of house dust mite allergy, which, in turn, is expected to restrict the market growth. […] Asia-Pacific is expected to register highest CAGR of 14.4% from 2022 to 2031, owing to increase in prevalence of house dust mite allergy diseases, rise in awareness about spreading knowledge regarding allergens, surge in healthcare expenditure, and rise in adoption of immunotherapy drugs for the treatment of house dust mite allergies. […] The key trends in the house dust mite allergy treatment market are increase in prevalence of allergic diseases associated with house dust mites, rise in demand for immunological products, increase in funding from private government organizations for development of pharmaceutical manufacturing segments, and rise in RD activities for manufacturing of anti-allergy drugs.
  • #88 Clinical validation of controlled exposure to house dust mite in the environmental exposure unit (EEU) | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology | Full Text
    https://aacijournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13223-021-00536-3
    Symptoms of HDM-AR vary from mild to severe depending on the individual and negatively impact social interactions, sleep, and productivity in the workplace. […] The management of HDM-AR focuses on allergen avoidance and alleviation of symptoms by pharmacotherapy. […] Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has been shown to treat HDM-AR with lasting effects after the end of treatment. […] The HDM-EEU is an appropriate model to study HDM-induced AR as it can generate clinically relevant AR symptoms amongst HDM-allergic individuals. […] This clinical validation study confirms the capacity of the HDM-EEU to produce targeted and clinically relevant nasal and respiratory symptoms of AR in HDM-allergic participants compared to healthy controls and confirms that it is an appropriate model to study HDM-AR.
  • #89 How To Know If You Have Dust Mites Lurking In Your Home
    https://www.mynectar.com/learn/how-to-know-if-you-have-dust-mites?srsltid=AfmBOor-p-YcYaX6NQQh2vdnGhYmuz6Fc-ytP4ZFlyY8hvJJCQiQC88b
    Dust mites are one of the most common causes of allergies and asthma in our homes. […] Dust mites are prevalent across all of the United States but homes in humid climates are more susceptible to dust mite growth. […] Areas that accumulate dust, such as bedding, mattresses, pillows, and upholstered furniture, provide the perfect breeding grounds for these microscopic pests and can lead to experiencing symptoms of dust mite allergies. […] Learning how to know if you have dust mites is dependent on how your body reacts in your environment. […] Dust mite allergies often manifest as sneezing, a runny or stuffy nose, and itchy, watery eyes. […] The most common short-term health risk associated with dust mites is an allergic reaction. […] For anyone with asthma, dust mite exposure can trigger asthma symptoms or worsen existing symptoms.
  • #90 How To Know If You Have Dust Mites Lurking In Your Home
    https://www.mynectar.com/learn/how-to-know-if-you-have-dust-mites?srsltid=AfmBOor-p-YcYaX6NQQh2vdnGhYmuz6Fc-ytP4ZFlyY8hvJJCQiQC88b
    Dust mites are one of the most common causes of allergies and asthma in our homes. […] Dust mites are prevalent across all of the United States but homes in humid climates are more susceptible to dust mite growth. […] Areas that accumulate dust, such as bedding, mattresses, pillows, and upholstered furniture, provide the perfect breeding grounds for these microscopic pests and can lead to experiencing symptoms of dust mite allergies. […] Learning how to know if you have dust mites is dependent on how your body reacts in your environment. […] Dust mite allergies often manifest as sneezing, a runny or stuffy nose, and itchy, watery eyes. […] The most common short-term health risk associated with dust mites is an allergic reaction. […] For anyone with asthma, dust mite exposure can trigger asthma symptoms or worsen existing symptoms.
  • #91 How To Know If You Have Dust Mites Lurking In Your Home
    https://www.mynectar.com/learn/how-to-know-if-you-have-dust-mites?srsltid=AfmBOor-p-YcYaX6NQQh2vdnGhYmuz6Fc-ytP4ZFlyY8hvJJCQiQC88b
    Prolonged exposure to dust mites and their allergens can lead to the development of chronic allergies. […] While dust mites themselves do not cause asthma, the allergens they produce can trigger asthma attacks. […] Reducing dust mite levels is vital to counteracting their allergens and improving your overall quality of life. […] By maintaining proper cleanliness, taking steps to control humidity, and being aware of any potential prime environments for dust mites, you can significantly reduce dust mite populations in your home.
  • #92 How To Know If You Have Dust Mites Lurking In Your Home
    https://www.mynectar.com/learn/how-to-know-if-you-have-dust-mites?srsltid=AfmBOor-p-YcYaX6NQQh2vdnGhYmuz6Fc-ytP4ZFlyY8hvJJCQiQC88b
    Prolonged exposure to dust mites and their allergens can lead to the development of chronic allergies. […] While dust mites themselves do not cause asthma, the allergens they produce can trigger asthma attacks. […] Reducing dust mite levels is vital to counteracting their allergens and improving your overall quality of life. […] By maintaining proper cleanliness, taking steps to control humidity, and being aware of any potential prime environments for dust mites, you can significantly reduce dust mite populations in your home.
  • #93 d2 American house dust mite | Thermo Fisher Scientific
    https://www.thermofisher.com/phadia/wo/en/resources/allergen-encyclopedia/d2.html
    House dust mites (HDMs) are the most important causes of allergic sensitization and allergic disease, including Dermatophagoides farinae as one of the principal species. […] Globally, house dust mites (HDMs) are the most important causes of allergic sensitization and allergic diseases. […] According to a systematic analysis conducted on 163 articles, involving 114,302 allergic cases in China, the rate of D. farinae sensitization was reported to be 75.2% in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), whereas it was 78.5% in patients with allergic asthma. […] According to a study conducted in China (Qingdao region), D. farinae was responsible for causing AR in 66.4% of children (1887 out of 2841 children). […] Exposure to HDM during early childhood elevates immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, which in turn predisposes to asthma.
  • #94 House Dust Mite Allergy Treatment Market Overview By 2031
    https://www.alliedmarketresearch.com/house-dust-mite-allergy-treatment-market-A16570
    The global house dust mite allergy treatment market size was valued at $1.5 billion in 2021, and is projected to reach $5.2 billion by 2031, growing at a CAGR of 13.4% from 2022 to 2031. […] According to the one of the chief medical officers at Medscape Education, in 2020, it was reported that around 20 million Americans are allergic to house dust mite. […] In addition, according to the Journal of Scientific Report, in March 2022, house dust mite is one of the leading factors of airway allergic diseases. […] Furthermore, increase in prevalence of asthma, house dust allergy and allergic rhinitis drives house dust mite allergy treatment market share. […] The population diagnosed asthma and allergic rhinitis is highly vulnerable to house dust mite allergy, thus driving the house dust mite allergy treatment market growth.
  • #95 House Dust Mite Allergy Treatment Global Market Report
    https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2022/12/02/2566697/28124/en/House-Dust-Mite-Allergy-Treatment-Global-Market-Report-2022-Featuring-Allergy-Therapeutics-Bayer-GlaxoSmithKline-Johnson-and-Johnson-More.html
    According to the Allergy and Asthma Foundation, in March 2020, it was observed that dust mites are the leading causes of in-house allergies. […] Furthermore, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2020, it was reported that around 70% of allergic reactions are caused due to house dust mite allergen. […] In addition, chronic exposure to house dust mites impacts the health of population with asthma, and those who are sensitive and allergic to mites. Thus, the population diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and asthma are more prone to house dust mite allergy. […] According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), in 2020, it was reported that around 25.2 million population is diagnosed from asthma, globally. […] According to the Thermo Fisher Scientific, it was reported that around 90% of population diagnosed with allergic asthma are sensitized to house dust mite allergens.
  • #96 Dust Allergy | Causes, Symptoms & Treatment | ACAAI Public Website
    https://acaai.org/allergies/allergic-conditions/dust-allergies/
    People with dust mite allergies often suffer the most inside their homes or in other people’s homes. Dust mites are tiny organisms that can barely be seen by the naked eye. They feed off house dust and the moisture in the air. They are one of the most common indoor allergens, and symptoms can be present year-round. […] Dust mites – sometimes called bed mites – are the most common cause of allergy from house dust. Dust mites live and multiply easily in warm, humid places. They prefer temperatures at or above 70 degrees Fahrenheit with humidity of 75 to 80 percent. They die when the humidity falls below 50 percent. They are not usually found in dry climates. […] Dust mites are a common cause of asthma in children. […] A house does not need to be visibly dirty to trigger a dust mite allergy reaction. The particles are too tiny to be seen and often cannot be removed using normal cleaning procedures. In fact, a vigorous cleaning can make an allergic person’s symptoms worse.
  • #97 Allergic to WHAT?! Everything You (Never) Wanted to Know About House Dust Mites | American Lung Association
    https://www.lung.org/blog/allergic-to-what
    Dust mites are tiny bugs (to be technical, they’re actually tiny arthropods) that feed on human skin flakes. […] However, if you have allergies or asthma, dust mites can be a really big deal. Their body parts and droppings cause irritation in people who have an allergy to house dust mites. They’re considered one of the most common environmental asthma triggers and most of us are exposed to them all year long. […] But dust mites don’t just worsen asthma. Evidence shows that exposure to dust mite allergens can even cause asthma in children who have not previously had asthma. New studies also warn that dust mites may make asthma worse for adults who were not already sensitive to dust mite allergens. […] The best way to find out if someone in your house is allergic to dust mites is to talk to your doctor, who will ask you questions about your symptoms and may order an allergy test to confirm whether or not you have an allergy. Symptoms of a dust mite allergy include sneezing, stuffy or runny nose, itchy or watery eyes, itchy nose postnasal drip, coughing, chest tightness or pain, difficulty breathing, wheezing many of the common signs of asthma and allergies. A person who is sensitive to dust mites might not have all of these symptoms, but for people with asthma they can trigger an attack, and that is worth taking seriously.
  • #98 House Dust Mite Allergy – Children’s Allergy Doctors London
    https://childrensallergydoctors.com/house-dust-mite-allergy/
    House dust mite allergies are a common yet often overlooked issue that affects many children worldwide. […] Studies suggest that approximately 1 in 20 young children develop allergic antibodies to house dust mite allergens, but not all will experience noticeable symptoms. […] If left unmanaged, dust mite allergies can significantly affect a child’s physical health, emotional well-being, and overall development. […] By addressing dust mite allergies early with a combination of medical treatments, advice from an allergist and environmental controls, parents can help their child breathe easier, sleep better, and avoid long-term health complications. […] At Children’s Allergy Doctors, we provide allergy skin tests and blood testing to provide a comprehensive allergy diagnosis. If your child is found to have a house dust mite allergy following allergy testing, one of the most promising advancements in allergy treatment is house dust mite desensitisation (immunotherapy).
  • #99 House Dust Mite Allergy – Children’s Allergy Doctors London
    https://childrensallergydoctors.com/house-dust-mite-allergy/
    House dust mite allergies are a common yet often overlooked issue that affects many children worldwide. […] Studies suggest that approximately 1 in 20 young children develop allergic antibodies to house dust mite allergens, but not all will experience noticeable symptoms. […] If left unmanaged, dust mite allergies can significantly affect a child’s physical health, emotional well-being, and overall development. […] By addressing dust mite allergies early with a combination of medical treatments, advice from an allergist and environmental controls, parents can help their child breathe easier, sleep better, and avoid long-term health complications. […] At Children’s Allergy Doctors, we provide allergy skin tests and blood testing to provide a comprehensive allergy diagnosis. If your child is found to have a house dust mite allergy following allergy testing, one of the most promising advancements in allergy treatment is house dust mite desensitisation (immunotherapy).
  • #100 AAIR :: Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
    https://e-aair.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4168/aair.2019.11.4.450
    Complex, multifactorial diseases such as allergic disease have been increasing during the last decade and there are reasons to believe that global and regional changes could be important determinants. […] House dust mite (HDM) allergens are important risk factors for asthma; indeed, they are the main risk factor for this disease in tropical regions. […] However, in contrast to pollen and fungal allergy, the impact of global environmental changes on natural HDM growth and allergen production has not been completely evaluated. […] Also, it remains to be defined if there is an increase in sensitization to HDM allergens and its possible relationship with global or local environmental changes. […] Since in the tropics HDM allergy is so frequent, it is worth investigating if recent environmental changes are affecting the sensitization there.
  • #101 Dust Mite Allergy | Haydel Asthma and Allergy Clinic | Houma Louisiana
    https://www.haydelasthma.com/patient-education/dust-mite-allergy
    Dust mite allergy is not necessarily a sign of a dirty home. […] Allergy to house dust mites may produce symptoms of sneezing, runny or stuffy nose, and watery, itchy eyes. […] House dust mites can trigger allergic asthma, a noncontagious condition of the lungs characterized by episodes of narrowing of the bronchial airways. […] Because house dust mites are so widespread, allergic symptoms from dust mite exposure does not usually vary from season to season. […] Dust mite allergy is easy to diagnose. […] Positive skin tests mean that the patient is allergic to the house dust mite. […] There is no permanent cure for any of the diseases associated with allergy, nor is there any permanent cure for the allergy itself. […] The most straightforward treatment for dust mite allergy is to avoid or minimize exposure to the allergen. […] One or more of the above medications, accompanied by an anti-dust program, will usually control most symptoms.
  • #102 Dust Mite Allergy | Haydel Asthma and Allergy Clinic | Houma Louisiana
    https://www.haydelasthma.com/patient-education/dust-mite-allergy
    Dust mite allergy is not necessarily a sign of a dirty home. […] Allergy to house dust mites may produce symptoms of sneezing, runny or stuffy nose, and watery, itchy eyes. […] House dust mites can trigger allergic asthma, a noncontagious condition of the lungs characterized by episodes of narrowing of the bronchial airways. […] Because house dust mites are so widespread, allergic symptoms from dust mite exposure does not usually vary from season to season. […] Dust mite allergy is easy to diagnose. […] Positive skin tests mean that the patient is allergic to the house dust mite. […] There is no permanent cure for any of the diseases associated with allergy, nor is there any permanent cure for the allergy itself. […] The most straightforward treatment for dust mite allergy is to avoid or minimize exposure to the allergen. […] One or more of the above medications, accompanied by an anti-dust program, will usually control most symptoms.
  • #103 House Dust Mite Allergy – Global Allergy & Airways Patient PlatformExpandExpandExpandExpandExpandExpandToggle MenuScroll to topScroll to topExpandExpandExpandExpandExpandExpand
    https://gaapp.org/diseases/allergies/types-of-allergies/house-dust-mite-allergy
    Avoidance is the best way to manage a dust mite allergy. However, it’s impossible to completely eliminate dust mites from your environment. If you can minimize your exposure to dust mites, you should expect fewer allergic reactions or the reactions should be less severe, but you may also need medications to control symptoms. […] Having dust mites doesn’t mean your house isn’t clean. You can’t completely eliminate dust mites from your home, you can significantly reduce them.
  • #104 House Dust Mite Allergy – Global Allergy & Airways Patient PlatformExpandExpandExpandExpandExpandExpandToggle MenuScroll to topScroll to topExpandExpandExpandExpandExpandExpand
    https://gaapp.org/diseases/allergies/types-of-allergies/house-dust-mite-allergy
    Avoidance is the best way to manage a dust mite allergy. However, it’s impossible to completely eliminate dust mites from your environment. If you can minimize your exposure to dust mites, you should expect fewer allergic reactions or the reactions should be less severe, but you may also need medications to control symptoms. […] Having dust mites doesn’t mean your house isn’t clean. You can’t completely eliminate dust mites from your home, you can significantly reduce them.
  • #105 The Prevention of House Dust Mite Allergies in Pediatric Asthma
    https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/11/4/469
    Probiotics have emerged as a promising area of research surrounding pediatric asthma. […] The effects of preventive strategies are complex and mixed, depending on several factors. […] Despite the numerous recommendations regarding environmental prevention measures in HDM-sensitized children, the evidence is sometimes inconclusive due to inconsistency across studies, difficulties in isolating the HDM-specific effects from other asthma management strategies and external factors, and limited long-term data. […] The hygiene hypothesis is an important concept to consider in the context of allergen sensitization, particularly for the sensitization to HDMs. […] By preventing exposure to these allergens, we can significantly improve the quality of life of children with asthma and potentially reduce the severity of their asthma.
  • #106 The Prevention of House Dust Mite Allergies in Pediatric Asthma
    https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/11/4/469
    Probiotics have emerged as a promising area of research surrounding pediatric asthma. […] The effects of preventive strategies are complex and mixed, depending on several factors. […] Despite the numerous recommendations regarding environmental prevention measures in HDM-sensitized children, the evidence is sometimes inconclusive due to inconsistency across studies, difficulties in isolating the HDM-specific effects from other asthma management strategies and external factors, and limited long-term data. […] The hygiene hypothesis is an important concept to consider in the context of allergen sensitization, particularly for the sensitization to HDMs. […] By preventing exposure to these allergens, we can significantly improve the quality of life of children with asthma and potentially reduce the severity of their asthma.
  • #107 ‘Tis the Season to Be Sneezin’ and Wheezin’: Dust Mite Allergy | Mount Sinai Today
    https://health.mountsinai.org/blog/tis-the-season-to-be-sneezin-and-wheezin-dust-mite-allergy/
    Nasal allergy symptoms (rhinitis) and asthma caused by allergens that are inhaled usually have seasonal patterns. […] Dust mites—microscopic insect critters that live in our bedding—are the most important culprit among the indoor allergens causing allergic disease. […] The life cycle of dust mites is related to humidity. […] The treatment for dust mite allergy is, first and foremost, avoidance. […] Mite covers have even been shown to reduce the risk of developing asthma for children born into families with a history of allergic disease. […] The use of humidifiers in most houses in winter is not recommended, as it encourages mite growth. […] For patients who do not respond sufficiently to the above measures, or those wishing to reduce their use of medications, immunotherapy (allergy injections) might be in order.
  • #108 Dust Mite Allergy | AAFA.org
    https://aafa.org/allergies/types-of-allergies/insect-allergy/dust-mite-allergy/
    Dust mites may be the most common trigger of year-round allergies and allergic asthma. […] Most dust mites die in low humidity levels or extreme temperatures. But they leave their dead bodies and waste behind. These can continue to cause allergic reactions. In a warm, humid house, dust mites can survive all year. […] If you have symptoms year-round, you could have a dust mite allergy. […] Many people with a dust mite allergy do not get complete relief from medicines. This means they may consider immunotherapy (allergy shots). Immunotherapy is a long-term treatment that can help prevent or reduce the severity of allergic reactions. […] Studies show that more dust mites live in your bedroom than anywhere else in your home. So this is the best place to start.
  • #109 Dust Mite Allergy | AAFA.org
    https://aafa.org/allergies/types-of-allergies/insect-allergy/dust-mite-allergy/
    Dust mites may be the most common trigger of year-round allergies and allergic asthma. […] Most dust mites die in low humidity levels or extreme temperatures. But they leave their dead bodies and waste behind. These can continue to cause allergic reactions. In a warm, humid house, dust mites can survive all year. […] If you have symptoms year-round, you could have a dust mite allergy. […] Many people with a dust mite allergy do not get complete relief from medicines. This means they may consider immunotherapy (allergy shots). Immunotherapy is a long-term treatment that can help prevent or reduce the severity of allergic reactions. […] Studies show that more dust mites live in your bedroom than anywhere else in your home. So this is the best place to start.
  • #110 The Prevention of House Dust Mite Allergies in Pediatric Asthma
    https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/11/4/469
    The avoidance of HDM allergens contributes to primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. […] Environmental modifications are crucial in managing allergens and promoting a healthier living space. […] The effectiveness of allergy-proof bedding lies in its construction. […] To manage asthma in children, especially those who are sensitized to HDMs, it is crucial to minimize clutter and dust traps in living spaces. […] It is important to maintain humidity levels between 30 and 50% to manage house dust mite allergies because dust mites thrive in humid environments. […] High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) purifiers are effective in trapping airborne particles, including allergens such as HDM fecal particles and their fragments. […] AIT represents a therapeutic option for patients with asthma or allergic rhinitis due to HDMs, and therefore it can be regarded as a tertiary prevention measure.
  • #111 The Prevention of House Dust Mite Allergies in Pediatric Asthma
    https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/11/4/469
    The avoidance of HDM allergens contributes to primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. […] Environmental modifications are crucial in managing allergens and promoting a healthier living space. […] The effectiveness of allergy-proof bedding lies in its construction. […] To manage asthma in children, especially those who are sensitized to HDMs, it is crucial to minimize clutter and dust traps in living spaces. […] It is important to maintain humidity levels between 30 and 50% to manage house dust mite allergies because dust mites thrive in humid environments. […] High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) purifiers are effective in trapping airborne particles, including allergens such as HDM fecal particles and their fragments. […] AIT represents a therapeutic option for patients with asthma or allergic rhinitis due to HDMs, and therefore it can be regarded as a tertiary prevention measure.
  • #112 The Prevention of House Dust Mite Allergies in Pediatric Asthma
    https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/11/4/469
    The avoidance of HDM allergens contributes to primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. […] Environmental modifications are crucial in managing allergens and promoting a healthier living space. […] The effectiveness of allergy-proof bedding lies in its construction. […] To manage asthma in children, especially those who are sensitized to HDMs, it is crucial to minimize clutter and dust traps in living spaces. […] It is important to maintain humidity levels between 30 and 50% to manage house dust mite allergies because dust mites thrive in humid environments. […] High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) purifiers are effective in trapping airborne particles, including allergens such as HDM fecal particles and their fragments. […] AIT represents a therapeutic option for patients with asthma or allergic rhinitis due to HDMs, and therefore it can be regarded as a tertiary prevention measure.
  • #113 The Prevention of House Dust Mite Allergies in Pediatric Asthma
    https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/11/4/469
    The avoidance of HDM allergens contributes to primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. […] Environmental modifications are crucial in managing allergens and promoting a healthier living space. […] The effectiveness of allergy-proof bedding lies in its construction. […] To manage asthma in children, especially those who are sensitized to HDMs, it is crucial to minimize clutter and dust traps in living spaces. […] It is important to maintain humidity levels between 30 and 50% to manage house dust mite allergies because dust mites thrive in humid environments. […] High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) purifiers are effective in trapping airborne particles, including allergens such as HDM fecal particles and their fragments. […] AIT represents a therapeutic option for patients with asthma or allergic rhinitis due to HDMs, and therefore it can be regarded as a tertiary prevention measure.
  • #114 The Prevention of House Dust Mite Allergies in Pediatric Asthma
    https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/11/4/469
    The avoidance of HDM allergens contributes to primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. […] Environmental modifications are crucial in managing allergens and promoting a healthier living space. […] The effectiveness of allergy-proof bedding lies in its construction. […] To manage asthma in children, especially those who are sensitized to HDMs, it is crucial to minimize clutter and dust traps in living spaces. […] It is important to maintain humidity levels between 30 and 50% to manage house dust mite allergies because dust mites thrive in humid environments. […] High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) purifiers are effective in trapping airborne particles, including allergens such as HDM fecal particles and their fragments. […] AIT represents a therapeutic option for patients with asthma or allergic rhinitis due to HDMs, and therefore it can be regarded as a tertiary prevention measure.
  • #115 The Prevention of House Dust Mite Allergies in Pediatric Asthma
    https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/11/4/469
    Probiotics have emerged as a promising area of research surrounding pediatric asthma. […] The effects of preventive strategies are complex and mixed, depending on several factors. […] Despite the numerous recommendations regarding environmental prevention measures in HDM-sensitized children, the evidence is sometimes inconclusive due to inconsistency across studies, difficulties in isolating the HDM-specific effects from other asthma management strategies and external factors, and limited long-term data. […] The hygiene hypothesis is an important concept to consider in the context of allergen sensitization, particularly for the sensitization to HDMs. […] By preventing exposure to these allergens, we can significantly improve the quality of life of children with asthma and potentially reduce the severity of their asthma.
  • #116 The Prevention of House Dust Mite Allergies in Pediatric Asthma
    https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/11/4/469
    Probiotics have emerged as a promising area of research surrounding pediatric asthma. […] The effects of preventive strategies are complex and mixed, depending on several factors. […] Despite the numerous recommendations regarding environmental prevention measures in HDM-sensitized children, the evidence is sometimes inconclusive due to inconsistency across studies, difficulties in isolating the HDM-specific effects from other asthma management strategies and external factors, and limited long-term data. […] The hygiene hypothesis is an important concept to consider in the context of allergen sensitization, particularly for the sensitization to HDMs. […] By preventing exposure to these allergens, we can significantly improve the quality of life of children with asthma and potentially reduce the severity of their asthma.
  • #117 Dust Mite Allergy | Treatment & Management | Point of Care
    https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/20773
    Dust mite allergy is a prevalent form of allergy. It affects 20 million people across The United States of America. Being ubiquitous, house dust mites are found all across the world. Around 84 percent of USA households have been detected with the presence of house dust mites. In industrialized areas, like Germany, 1 out of every four people are affected by dust mite allergy. Combined, allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma affect up to 800 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). […] Up to two-thirds of children with asthma and up to 1/2 of adults who have asthma also suffer from allergies. Of these patients who suffer from asthma and allergies, about 40%-85% of them are allergic to the HDM, this trend is observed all over America, Europe, south-east Asia, and Australia. Around 5 to 30 percent of the general population show house dust mite sensitivity to skin test reactivity.
  • #118 House dust mite-related respiratory allergies and probiotics: a narrative review | Clinical and Molecular Allergy | Full Text
    https://clinicalmolecularallergy.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12948-018-0092-9
    It can be estimated that approximately 12% of the general population worldwide has allergic sensitization towards HDMs with significant variability depending on the cohort being studied. […] In developed countries, this rate is much higher: in Europe, HDM allergic sensitization is above 20%; it is rising up to 40% in some cohorts in North America and to over 80% in a cohort of paediatric patients in Taiwan. […] This result demonstrates that substantial diversity in HDM allergic sensitization prevalence exists and depends on factors such as ethnicity, socio-economic conditions, geographical variations and even the diagnostic paradigm that is adopted. […] A very common manifestation of HDM allergic sensitization is rhinitis, the symptoms of which include sneezing, and stuffy and running nose.
  • #119 Abundance of domestic mites in dwellings of children and adolescents with asthma in relation to environmental factors and allergy symptoms | Scientific Reports
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-97936-7
    The results of the Spearmans rank test for correlation between some abiotic and biotic indoor environmental factors (housing conditions) and mite prevalence and density in the examined dwellings suggests associations between density of some mite taxa (per gram of dust) and the following abiotic or biotic indoor environmental factors: type and age of building (D. pteronyssinus with old brick houses, D. farinae with block houses and new houses), type of heating (D. pteronyssinus with coal-stoves), presence of pets (positive influence on densities of domestic or total mites and live D. pteronyssinus), family size and flat sizes (positive influence of smaller families or flats), suburban localisation (on D. farinae), place of sampling (beddings and beds on pyroglyphids, domestic and total mites), higher weight of sample (with exception of live D. farinae), type of sleeping accommodation (mattresses on live pyroglyphids and couches on D. farinae, total pyroglyphids, total domestic mites or total mites), absence of flowers/plants (on live D. farinae), lower level/floor of a flat (on D. farinae, L. destructor, total pyroglyphids, total domestic mites and total mites), type of windows (PVC on D. farinae and wooden on live pyroglyphids), higher cleaning frequency and higher moisture. […] The obtained results regarding domestic acarofauna in the examined dwellings of asthmatic subjects cannot completely account for all variables determining the severity of asthma, as those persons may also be exposed to other indoor allergens.
  • #120 AAIR :: Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
    https://e-aair.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4168/aair.2019.11.4.450
    Environmental variations induced by industrialization and climate change partially explain the increase in prevalence and severity of allergic disease. […] House dust mites (HDMs) are important sources of allergens inducing asthma and rhinitis, and experimentally they have been demonstrated to be very sensitive to microenvironment modifications; therefore, global or regional changes in temperature, humidity, air pollution or other environmental conditions could modify natural HDM growth, survival and allergen production. […] There is evidence that sensitization to HDMs has increased in some regions of the world, especially in the subtropical and tropical areas; however, the relationship of this increase with environmental changes is not so clear as has reported for pollen allergens. […] The effects of environmental changes on our planet (for example climate change) have become more evident in governments and public health authorities during the last few years.
  • #121 AAIR :: Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
    https://e-aair.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4168/aair.2019.11.4.450
    Allergic diseases have increased worldwide, especially in tropical regions of Asia-Pacific, Africa and Latin America. […] Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain these trends, but one interesting observation is increased IgE sensitization to HDMs in communities where allergies have been traditionally low prevalent. […] IgE reactivity to HDM allergens has been evaluated since the early 1990s in different regions of the world. […] Due to their rapid industrialization, it is in urban developed regions of Asia where the increase in HDM sensitization has been more pronounced. […] Increased rates of HDM sensitization are also prominent in urban areas of Africa, acting as a major risk factor in children living in affluent localities. […] The increasing rates of HDM sensitization in the Asia Pacific region and other developing areas of South America seem to be also associated with the rapid changes in urbanization and lifestyle.
  • #122
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01201497
    For many years it has been suggested that allergens derived from the house dust mite played a major role in the pathogenesis of asthma, eczema and some cases of allergic rhinitis. […] Using these tools, epidemiological studies have provided confirmatory evidence that not only is house dust mite exposure associated with the majority of cases of asthma in children and young adults, but that it is causally related to the development of asthma. […] Exposure to house-dust mite allergen (Der p I) and the development of asthma in childhood. A prospective study.
  • #123 The hereditary nature of house dust mite allergy
    https://www.exaller.com/en/blog/hereditary-nature-dust-mite-allergy
    Parents who already know that they are allergic to house dust mites can do quite a bit to help their children avoid uncomfortable and debilitating symptoms. […] Allergies are highly heritable, and plenty of studies conducted around the world have revealed useful insights into the genetics of dust mite allergy. […] Its well-established that if one parent has allergies, a child has a 30% chance of being allergic. If both parents are allergic, that chance rises to 50%. When both parents have the same allergy to dust mites, for example their child is 80% likely to suffer from it too. […] Research has shown that continued exposure to dust mites increases the severity of dust mite allergy symptoms and may even lead to asthma, which can be a real handicap (in certain situations). […] Dr Van der Brempt: Children suffer because of dust mite allergy just as much as adults.
  • #124 Respiratory allergy caused by house dust mites: What do we really know? – EM consulte
    https://www.em-consulte.com/article/988326/respiratory-allergy-caused-by-house-dust-mites-wha
    The house dust mite (HDM) is a major perennial allergen source and a significant cause of allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma. […] This review assesses the links between exposure to HDM, development of the allergic response, and pathologic consequences in patients with respiratory allergic diseases. […] We investigate the epidemiology of HDM allergy to explore the interaction between mites and human subjects at the population, individual, and molecular levels. […] Prevalence data for HDM allergen sensitization vary from 65 to 130 million persons in the general population worldwide to as many as 50% among asthmatic patients. […] Heterogeneity of populations, terminology, and end points in the literature confound estimates, indicating the need for greater standardization in epidemiologic research. […] Improved understanding of HDMs, their allergens, and their microhabitats will enable development of more effective outcomes for patients with HDM allergy.
  • #125 Clinical validation of controlled exposure to house dust mite in the environmental exposure unit (EEU) | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology | Full Text
    https://aacijournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13223-021-00536-3
    Symptoms of HDM-AR vary from mild to severe depending on the individual and negatively impact social interactions, sleep, and productivity in the workplace. […] The management of HDM-AR focuses on allergen avoidance and alleviation of symptoms by pharmacotherapy. […] Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has been shown to treat HDM-AR with lasting effects after the end of treatment. […] The HDM-EEU is an appropriate model to study HDM-induced AR as it can generate clinically relevant AR symptoms amongst HDM-allergic individuals. […] This clinical validation study confirms the capacity of the HDM-EEU to produce targeted and clinically relevant nasal and respiratory symptoms of AR in HDM-allergic participants compared to healthy controls and confirms that it is an appropriate model to study HDM-AR.
  • #126 The Prevention of House Dust Mite Allergies in Pediatric Asthma
    https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/11/4/469
    Probiotics have emerged as a promising area of research surrounding pediatric asthma. […] The effects of preventive strategies are complex and mixed, depending on several factors. […] Despite the numerous recommendations regarding environmental prevention measures in HDM-sensitized children, the evidence is sometimes inconclusive due to inconsistency across studies, difficulties in isolating the HDM-specific effects from other asthma management strategies and external factors, and limited long-term data. […] The hygiene hypothesis is an important concept to consider in the context of allergen sensitization, particularly for the sensitization to HDMs. […] By preventing exposure to these allergens, we can significantly improve the quality of life of children with asthma and potentially reduce the severity of their asthma.
  • #127 AAIR :: Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
    https://e-aair.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4168/aair.2019.11.4.450
    Complex, multifactorial diseases such as allergic disease have been increasing during the last decade and there are reasons to believe that global and regional changes could be important determinants. […] House dust mite (HDM) allergens are important risk factors for asthma; indeed, they are the main risk factor for this disease in tropical regions. […] However, in contrast to pollen and fungal allergy, the impact of global environmental changes on natural HDM growth and allergen production has not been completely evaluated. […] Also, it remains to be defined if there is an increase in sensitization to HDM allergens and its possible relationship with global or local environmental changes. […] Since in the tropics HDM allergy is so frequent, it is worth investigating if recent environmental changes are affecting the sensitization there.