Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Gingivitis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gingivitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20354453

  Gingivitis is a common and mild form of gum disease, also called periodontal disease. It causes irritation, redness, swelling and bleeding of your gingiva, which is the part of your gum around the base of your teeth. It’s important to take gingivitis seriously and treat it promptly. Gingivitis does not cause bone loss. But left untreated, it can lead to a much more serious gum disease, called periodontitis, and tooth loss. […] The most common cause of gingivitis is not keeping your teeth and gums clean and healthy. Good oral health habits, such as brushing at least twice a day, flossing daily and getting regular dental checkups, can help prevent and reverse gingivitis. […] If you notice any symptoms of gingivitis, schedule an appointment with your dentist as soon as possible. The sooner you seek care, the better your chances of reversing damage from gingivitis and not getting periodontitis. Your dentist may want you to see a periodontist if your symptoms aren’t improving. This is a dentist with advanced training who specializes in treating gum diseases.

• #2 Gingivitis | Nursing Times

  https://www.nursingtimes.net/primary-care/gingivitis-23-05-2006/

  Gingivitis is a form of periodontal disease. […] Gingivitis mainly results from the long-term build-up of plaque, a mixture of mucus, bacteria and accumulated food debris. […] A dentist will first attempt to remove excess plaque from the teeth. […] It is vital that patients are educated in oral hygiene to prevent recurrence. […] Nurses can also advise patients to reduce their intake of sugary and fast foods and to cut down on eating between meals as it gives plaque more time to form between brushing. […] Patients should visit their dentist regularly (at least once a year) to spot any recurrence or development of gingivitis and to remove plaque build-up.

• #2 Gingivitis | Health Library | Memorial Health System

  https://www.mhsystem.org/health-library/con-20199573/

  Gingivitis is a common and mild form of gum disease that causes irritation, redness and swelling of your gums. […] Gingivitis is a common and mild form of gum disease, also called periodontal disease. It causes irritation, redness, swelling and bleeding of your gingiva, which is the part of your gum around the base of your teeth. Its important to take gingivitis seriously and treat it promptly. […] Good oral health habits, such as brushing at least twice a day, flossing daily and getting regular dental checkups, can help prevent and reverse gingivitis. […] If you notice any symptoms of gingivitis, schedule an appointment with your dentist as soon as possible. The sooner you seek care, the better your chances of reversing damage from gingivitis and not getting periodontitis. […] Gingivitis can cause bright or dark red, swollen, tender gums that bleed easily, especially when you brush your teeth.

• #3 Gingivitis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gingivitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20354453

  Ongoing gum disease may be related to some diseases that affect the entire body, such as respiratory disease, diabetes, coronary artery disease, stroke and rheumatoid arthritis. Some research suggests that the bacteria responsible for periodontitis can enter your bloodstream through gum tissue, possibly affecting your heart, lungs and other parts of your body. But more studies are needed to confirm a link.

• #4 Gingivitis and periodontitis | informedhealth.org

  https://www.informedhealth.org/gingivitis-and-periodontitis.html

  Gingivitis and periodontitis are more common in smokers, people who have metabolic diseases such as diabetes, and pregnant women, where they are associated with the hormonal changes during pregnancy. […] Good oral hygiene can help to prevent gingivitis. Only if you clean your teeth properly can treatment by a dentist stop or at least slow down the progression of periodontitis. […] If you don’t clean your teeth properly, treatment for periodontitis won’t be effective. People who have gingivitis or periodontitis will be shown in their dental practice how to take good care of their teeth. […] The earlier periodontitis is detected, the easier it is to keep it under control. Periodontitis treatment aims to stop the disease from getting worse, preventing more damage and loss of teeth.

• #5 Gingivitis | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/gingivitis-14847094/14847094

  Floss teeth every day. Use a special dental rinse. These special rinses may help to reduce plaque and decrease swelling of gums. Stop smoking. Smoking increases risk of getting periodontitis, which can occur if gingivitis gets worse. Smoking also decreases how well treatments for gum disease work. […] Brush teeth two times a day after meals with fluoride toothpaste Use dental floss to clean between teeth at least once a day Ask dentist if should use a dental rinse, and what kind may work best See dentist regularly for dental cleanings and oral exams. Ask dentist how often should see him for dental cleanings and exams […] Nursing Care Plans Diagnosis : Impaired Oral mucous membrane Client Outcomes: a)Maintains intact, moist oral mucous membranes that are free of ulceration and debris b) Describes or demonstrates measures to regain or maintain intact oral mucous membranes

• #6 Gingivitis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gingivitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20354453

  The most common cause of gingivitis is poor care of teeth and gums, which allows plaque to form on teeth. This causes swelling of the surrounding gum tissues. […] To prevent gingivitis: Practice good oral care. That means brushing your teeth for two minutes at least twice daily in the morning and before going to bed and flossing at least once a day. Better yet, brush after every meal or snack or as your dentist recommends. Flossing before you brush cleans away loosened food particles and bacteria. […] See your dentist or dental hygienist regularly for cleanings, usually every 6 to 12 months. If you have risk factors that increase your chance of developing periodontitis such as having dry mouth, taking certain medicines or smoking you may need professional cleaning more often. Annual dental X-rays can help pinpoint diseases not seen by a visual dental exam and watch for changes in your dental health.

• #7 Gingivitis | Health Library | Memorial Health System

  https://www.mhsystem.org/health-library/con-20199573/

  To prevent gingivitis: Practice good oral care. That means brushing your teeth for two minutes at least twice daily in the morning and before going to bed and flossing at least once a day. […] Prompt treatment usually reverses symptoms of gingivitis and prevents it from leading to more-serious gum disease and tooth loss. […] Professional gingivitis care includes: Dental cleaning. Your first professional cleaning will include the removal of all traces of plaque, tartar and bacterial products. […] Gingivitis usually clears up after a thorough professional cleaning as long as you continue good oral care at home. […] Steps you can take at home to prevent and reverse gingivitis include: Brush your teeth twice a day or, better yet, after every meal or snack. […] If you notice any symptoms of gingivitis, make an appointment with your dentist.

• #8 Gingivitis | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/gingivitis-14847094/14847094

  Encourage fluid intake up to 3000 ml per day if not contraindicated by client’s medical condition Fluids help increase moisture in the mouth, which protects the mucous membranes from damage and helps the healing process. Keep lips well lubricated using petroleum jelly or a similar product. […] Nursing diagnosis: Risk of imbalanced nutrition related disease process Expected outcome: Maintain the nutrition status […] The conclusion is very important to maintain the healthy teeth and beautiful smile Prevent plaque from appearing at the gums and teeth that will cause gingivitis or periodontitis Brushing and flushing are very important to prevent any formation of the hard plaque, infection and inflammation for a good and healthy mouth.

• #9 10 Gingivitis Home Remedies: What Works?

  https://www.healthline.com/health/dental-and-oral-health/gingivitis-home-remedy

  In the early stages, it can still be possible to reverse gingivitis by maintaining good oral hygiene. […] Improvements will likely occur after a few days of treatment, but symptoms may take a while to completely disappear. […] Take charge of your dental health to prevent it from recurring. If you have medical conditions that make gingivitis more likely, stay in close contact with your dentist so that they can monitor any change in symptoms. […] Eating a healthy diet rich in vitamins and minerals can also help prevent gum disease and other oral conditions.

• #10 How to Help Prevent Gingivitis at Home

  https://www.parodontax.com/gum-health/all-about-gingivitis/how-to-treat-gingivitis/

  One way you can promote oral care at home is with the right mouthwash. Rinse your mouth with an antimicrobial mouthwash to help destroy bacteria that causes diseases. […] What you eat can have a significant effect on your general health and that of your gums and teeth. Vitamin C-rich foods (such as red peppers, berries and greens) can help support your immunity and boost collagen, which is essential for wound healing. Foods with omega-3 acids like salmon can help promote gum health. […] Even though gingivitis is common, it’s important to take it seriously before it gets worse. If gingivitis goes untreated, it can lead to periodontitis. However, gingivitis is curable and reversible if treated early. Visit your dentist if you’re experiencing gingivitis symptoms. […] The case for good dental hygiene cannot be overstated when it comes to treating gingivitis. Regular brushing with a toothpaste such as parodontax Complete Protection and regular visits to your dentist and hygienist will be money and time well spent when it comes to reversing and preventing gingivitis.

• #11 Gingivitis | Nursing Times

  https://www.nursingtimes.net/primary-care/gingivitis-23-05-2006/

  Gingivitis is a form of periodontal disease. […] Gingivitis mainly results from the long-term build-up of plaque, a mixture of mucus, bacteria and accumulated food debris. […] A dentist will first attempt to remove excess plaque from the teeth. […] It is vital that patients are educated in oral hygiene to prevent recurrence. […] Nurses can also advise patients to reduce their intake of sugary and fast foods and to cut down on eating between meals as it gives plaque more time to form between brushing. […] Patients should visit their dentist regularly (at least once a year) to spot any recurrence or development of gingivitis and to remove plaque build-up.

• #12 Gingivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557422/

  If it is a drug-induced gingival overgrowth, the physician can change the medication to improve the outcome of treatment of the condition. If it is due to nutritional deficiency, supplements can be prescribed. Medications in the form of antiseptic mouthwash that contains chlorhexidine can also be prescribed in conjunction with the mechanical removal of plaque. […] The patient should be educated on the importance of maintaining good oral hygiene, which can prevent the formation of plaque and, thus, gingivitis. A correct brushing technique according to individual needs, frequency of brushing, and use of interproximal hygiene must be taught. Furthermore, the importance of regular dental visits should be emphasized. […] To improve the treatment outcome of gingivitis, an interprofessional approach is required to identify the causes of the disease and to intervene at an early stage.

• #13 Gingivitis Medication: Antibiotics, Antiseptic, Analgesics, Topical anesthetics

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/763801-medication

  In chronic gingivitis, brushing with a fluoride dentifrice will slow disease progression and may help resolution. Most electric toothbrushes have additional benefit over manual brushing. Daily flossing in addition to brushing will reduce plaque and bacterial counts. Recent studies show that brushing followed by rinsing with chlorhexidine or other solutions may have even better results over brushing and flossing. […] Gum-carespecific preparations that show benefit are available. […] Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to speed the resolution of inflammation when teeth are being cleaned and scaled to remove plaque. […] In patients with ANUG, treatment involves antibiotics, NSAIDs, and topical Xylocaine for pain relief. Saline rinses can help to speed resolution, and oral rinses with a hydrogen peroxide 3% solution also may be of benefit.

• #14

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/gum-disease/treatment/

  The best way to treat gum disease is to practise good oral hygiene. […] Your dentist may recommend a dental treatment if you have gum disease. […] In some cases of gum disease, root planing (debridement) may be required. […] If you have severe gum disease, you may need other types of treatment. […] Necrotising periodontal disease (NPD) is an acute and painful infection of the gums and should be treated by a dentist. […] Treatments may include antibiotics, painkillers and different types of mouthwash. […] Mouthwash containing chlorhexidine or hydrogen peroxide may be prescribed to treat NPD.

• #15 Gingivitis Medication: Antibiotics, Antiseptic, Analgesics, Topical anesthetics

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/763801-medication

  Patients with ANUG should be given a strong analgesic along with topical anesthetics and NSAIDs because pain control is very important in allowing the patient to eat and carry out toothbrushing, flossing, and other oral hygiene maneuvers necessary to eradicate the disease. […] These agents are helpful in providing pain control, which is very important in allowing the patient to carry out toothbrushing, flossing, and other oral hygiene maneuvers.

• #16 Gingivitis Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Emergency Department Care, Prevention

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/763801-treatment

  Patients with simple chronic gingivitis should be given nonurgent dental referral. […] Patients with ANUG should be seen within 24-48 hours for reevaluation because of risk of local or systemic spread of infection. […] In addition to antibiotic therapy, physical and mental stressors should be eliminated. Good oral hygiene is mandatory. […] Consultation with a dentist is recommended. […] In simple chronic gingivitis, emergency department (ED) intervention is not needed. […] Proper oral hygiene (including brushing and flossing) should be stressed. The patient should be referred to a dentist or periodontist. […] Regular oral hygiene that includes brushing the teeth with a power brush and flossing or using interdental brushes is the best prevention. […] Regular dental check-ups are important.

• #17 Diagnosis and Treatment of Gingivitis

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-gingivitis-1058927

  Gingivitis is a reversible form of gum disease caused by the buildup of plaque on the tooths surface. It causes non-destructive inflammation of the gums but, if left untreated, can progress to a more serious form of the disease called periodontitis. Regular oral hygiene, including periodic visits to the dentist, is the best means of prevention. […] The primary treatment of gingivitis is the removal of plaque and tartar. This is performed in the dental office with different instruments, including picks and scalers. […] After the dental cleaning, you can keep plaque under control with regular brushing and flossing. Curbing or quitting tobacco use can also help. […] Your dental professional may recommend chlorhexidine mouthwashes in conjunction with brushing and flossing. […] If the drugs you take contribute to your gingivitis, you may need to speak with your primary care doctor about medication adjustments.

• #18 Diagnosis and Treatment of Gingivitis

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-gingivitis-1058927

  Additionally, they may prescribe a supplement if you have a vitamin deficiency. […] Certain herbal remedies can also reduce gum inflammation caused by gingivitis, including tea, chamomile, and pomegranate. […] Unlike periodontitis, the symptoms of gingivitis are fully reversible. If identified and treated properly, the affected tissues can return to normal once the plaque is removed. Routine dental care by a dentist is considered essential.

• #19 How Long Will Gingivitis Take to Heal | Waterpik™ Oral Care EDU

  https://www.waterpik.com/edu/gum-disease/how-long-does-gingivitis-take-to-heal/

  You can heal gingivitis quickly, but it needs your daily attention. […] Fortunately, if you give your gums prompt and effective treatment, you can reverse gingivitis and avoid periodontitis within about two weeks. […] Healing gum disease requires ongoing care: Flossing is even more critical to fighting gum disease than brushing, but you must floss properly to get the best result. […] Gingivitis can return quickly. Make proper brushing and flossing a priority to keep gum disease away for life. […] Daily brushing and flossing is the real path to healthy teeth and gums. To heal gingivitis quickly, try a combination water flosser with separate toothbrush unit for an effective, all-in-one home remedy.

• #20 Gum Disease Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/10907-gum-disease-treatment

  Gum disease treatment encompasses a wide range of dental procedures. Healthcare providers use these procedures to reduce infection in your mouth and rebuild tissues damaged by periodontal (gum) disease. Periodontists (gum specialists) usually perform these procedures. But general dentists sometimes treat milder forms of gum disease. […] People who have gingivitis (the first stage of gum disease) can often reverse it with professional dental cleanings and improved oral hygiene at home. Depending on your specific situation, you might need more frequent cleanings with your dentist or hygienist to keep harmful bacteria at bay. […] Gum disease treatment helps reduce harmful bacteria in your mouth. But if you dont practice good oral hygiene at home, the bacteria can regrow, leaving you in the same place you started.

• #21 Learn What Causes Gingivitis, Gum Disease, & Gum Infections | LISTERINE®

  https://www.listerine.com/gum-disease-healthy-gums/common-causes-gum-disease

  Gingivitis and Periodontitis are both forms of gum disease. Gingivitis is a condition in which the gums become inflamed and infected usually due to the build-up of plaque on the teeth. Some signs of gingivitis include red, inflamed gums that can bleed when brushing or flossing. It is important to take good care of your oral hygiene, including brushing and flossing, rinsing with antigingivitis/antiplaque mouthwash, and visiting your dentist regularly, to help prevent gum disease. If left untreated, gum disease can progress to a more serious condition called periodontitis, which can lead to tooth loss. […] The best way to prevent gum disease is by establishing a thorough, daily oral hygiene routine. Proper brushing, flossing, and using an antimicrobial antigingivits/antipaque mouth rinse can help lower plaque levels throughout the mouth to improve gum health. […] Yes. Because gum disease targets the supporting tissues around the roots of teeth, untreated gingivitis can turn into periodontitis and lead to gradual gum tissue detachment and bone loss in those spaces. Over time, affected teeth will become mobile and can fall out on their own.

• #22 Talking to Pregnant Women about Oral Health | Oral Health | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/oral-health/hcp/conversation-tips/talking-to-pregnant-women-about-oral-health.html

  About 60% to 75% of pregnant women have gingivitis, an early stage of periodontal disease. Gingivitis occurs when the gums become red and swollen from inflammation that may be aggravated by changing hormones during pregnancy. […] If gingivitis is not treated, the bone that supports the teeth can be lost, and the gums can become infected. […] Periodontitis has also been associated with poor pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth and low birth weight. […] However, how periodontitis may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes is not yet fully understood.

• #23 Gingivitis – Mouth and Dental Disorders – MSD Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/mouth-and-dental-disorders/periodontal-diseases/gingivitis

  Gingivitis is a mild form of periodontal disease characterized by inflammation of the gums (gingivae). […] Gingivitis results most often from inadequate brushing and flossing but may result from medical disorders or the use of certain medications. […] Good oral hygiene, frequent professional cleanings, and adequate nutrition usually eliminate gingivitis, and some mouthwashes may help. […] Gingivitis due to plaque can be prevented with good oral hygiene—the daily use of a toothbrush and dental floss. […] Medical conditions that might cause or worsen gingivitis should be treated or controlled. […] If pregnant women are neglecting oral hygiene because of morning sickness and/or fatigue, dentists can suggest ways to keep the teeth and gums clean without making the nausea worse. […] If desquamative gingivitis develops during menopause, hormone therapy may help.

• #24 Gum disease | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/gum-disease

  If gum disease is not under control it can impact your health and have negative effects on heart health, and worsen diabetes. Keeping your gums clean and healthy, helps keep your heart and other systems healthy too. […] Regular tooth brushing helps to prevent gum disease by removing the plaque that causes it. […] See your oral health professional if you have swollen or bleeding gums, or you are worried about anything to do with your mouth. Getting treatment early can help save teeth affected by gum disease.

• #25 Gingivitis | PPT

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/gingivitis-14847094/14847094

  Gingivitis is mild gum disease. It is an infection caused by germs called bacteria, that hurts your gums. Occurs when buildup of plaque (sticky film) on teeth and gums. Plaque contains bacteria that can irritate your gums, and cause an infection […] Not brushing or flossing your teeth every day, or cleaning your teeth well enough to remove plaque Not visiting your dentist regularly for exams and cleanings Pregnancy, diabetes, HIV infection, and diseases that decrease your immune system Your body’s immune system fights off infection […] Red, swollen gums. Gums may or may not be painful. Gums may bleed when brush or floss your teeth. Halitosis (bad breath) is worse if have gingivitis. […] Dentist may need to remove plaque and calculus (hard plaque) from teeth with special tools. Dentist may also need to treat any dental problem that make it hard to clean teeth well Clean teeth very well every day to remove plaque A battery-powered toothbrush may remove plaque better than a regular toothbrush.

• #26 Gingivitis – Mouth and Dental Disorders – MSD Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/mouth-and-dental-disorders/periodontal-diseases/gingivitis

  A person with gingivitis due to leukemia can prevent bleeding by gently wiping the teeth and gums with a gauze pad or sponge instead of brushing and flossing. […] Good oral hygiene (proper brushing and flossing) and treatment of underlying dental problems, such as ill-fitting dentures, can also help.

• #27 Gingivitis – symptoms, treatments, complications and prevention | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/gingivitis

  Without treatment, gingivitis can get worse and develop into a more serious form of gum disease called periodontitis. This can cause serious problems such as abscesses, loose teeth, receding gums and tooth loss. Periodontitis can be irreversible. […] See your dentist or dental practitioner if you have any of the symptoms of periodontitis.

• #28 The management of gingivitis | GPonline

  https://www.gponline.com/management-gingivitis/article/1104984

  There is a well recognised association between gum diseases and systemic diseases, and much research has been done. […] The connection between periodontal disease and subacute bacterial endocarditis has long been known, but there are also significant associations between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus, preterm low birthweight and osteoporosis. […] More specific evidence is required, but the GP needs to be aware that a simple case of sore gums may mean something more than an indifferent attitude to oral hygiene.

• #29 Gingivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557422/

  Gingivitis is an inflammatory condition of the gingival tissue most commonly caused by bacterial infection. This activity describes the evaluation and management of gingivitis and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in managing patients with this condition. […] Review the treatment options for patients with gingivitis. […] The prime objective of treating gingivitis is to reduce inflammation. This is achieved by the use of different instruments to remove dental plaque deposits. Gingivitis, in its initial stages, can be easily managed if the patient starts following oral hygiene protocol, which includes regular tooth brushing with an appropriate technique and interproximal hygiene, such as dental flossing, or the use of interproximal brushes. The removal of plaque and calculus is also professionally achieved by scaling and root planning according to the severity of the condition.

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