Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Colon (Colorectal) Cancer: Nursing Diagnoses, Care Plans, Assessment & Interventions | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/colon-cancer-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  Colorectal cancer occurs when polyps in the large intestine become malignant. […] Nurses play a critical role from the start of the screening process through treatment and follow-up prevention. Nurses can help identify symptoms indicative of colorectal cancer and counsel patients regarding their risk factors. They provide support through the different treatment regimens and patient education to ensure understanding and adherence. […] The management of colorectal cancer will correlate with the pathologic staging of the tumor and may include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. […] The first step of nursing care is the nursing assessment, during which the nurse will gather physical, psychosocial, emotional, and diagnostic data. […] Colorectal cancer develops slowly, and symptoms may not appear until the disease is advanced. Colon cancer manifests these common signs and symptoms: Fatigue, Weight loss, Abdominal pain, Blood in the stool, Changes in bowel habits, Bloating, Diarrhea, Constipation.

• #1 Patient education: Colon and rectal cancer (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/colon-and-rectal-cancer-beyond-the-basics

  Colon and rectal cancer are cancers that involve the lowest part of the digestive system: the large intestine and the rectum (figure 1). […] Tests that monitor or screen for colorectal cancer are important tools in finding colon and rectal cancer at an early stage. Screening tests are described separately. […] This article has facts about the signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of early-stage colon and rectal cancer. More information about colon and rectal cancer is available by subscription. […] The most common symptoms of colon and rectal cancer include: Stomach pain or frequent gas pains, Change in bowel habits (constipation or diarrhea), Blood in the bowel movements, Feeling weak or tired, Low iron level, commonly with anemia (iron deficiency anemia), Black or dark-colored stools.

• #1 National Bowel Cancer Screening Program for nurses

  https://www.apna.asn.au/education/bowel-cancer

  APNA, in partnership with Cancer Council WA and funded by the Australian Government Department of Health, has developed the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program Guide for nurses working in general practice. This guide contains information on the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program. […] These resources have been designed to assist nurses in general practice to promote bowel cancer screening through the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program. This program saves lives but it can only work with the support of general practices. The evidence is clear that a recommendation from a primary health care provider is an important motivator for participation in bowel cancer screening. If found early, 9 out of 10 cases of bowel cancer can be successfully treated. […] It is therefore vital that nurses know what advice to give about the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program.

• #1 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Colorectal Cancer (Colon Cancer) | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-colorectal-cancer-colon-cancer

  Evaluate the location, intensity, and nature of abdominal pain. […] Monitor for signs of weight loss, malnutrition, or anemia. […] Assess the patients emotional and psychological response to the diagnosis and treatment. […] Altered Bowel Elimination related to the presence of tumor and gastrointestinal symptoms. […] Acute Pain related to tumor growth and gastrointestinal disturbances. […] Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements related to decreased appetite and cancer metabolism. […] Anxiety related to cancer diagnosis and treatment uncertainties. […] Nutritional Support: Collaborate with a dietitian to ensure dietary needs are met, especially if the patient experiences loss of appetite, nausea, or changes in bowel habits. […] Pain Management: Administer prescribed analgesics and implement non-pharmacological pain relief methods.

• #1 Colon (Colorectal) Cancer: Nursing Diagnoses, Care Plans, Assessment & Interventions | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/colon-cancer-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  Nursing interventions and care are essential for the patients recovery. […] Specific therapies may be more effective for the patient depending on the location, stage, and other health issues. Typically, surgery is used to remove cancer from the colon as part of treatment. […] Surgical resection is the primary treatment option for localized, non-metastatic colon cancer. […] Adjuvant treatment reduces the chance of recurrent cancer by destroying any remaining cancer cells following surgery. […] Palliative systemic chemotherapy is provided to non-surgical patients with unresectable locally advanced cancer or substantial metastatic burden. […] Diarrhea can cause dehydration. Monitoring the patients intake and output can help monitor the patients fluid status and prevent dehydration. […] Patients with colon cancer are encouraged to eat high-fiber foods like lentils, whole grains, and fruits to aid the passage of food through the intestines and reduce problems related to dysfunctional gastrointestinal motility.

• #1 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Colorectal Cancer (Colon Cancer) | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-colorectal-cancer-colon-cancer

  Anxiety Reduction: Provide emotional support and counseling referrals as necessary. […] Bowel Management: Implement strategies to manage constipation or diarrhea, including medication management and dietary modifications. […] Regularly assess and document bowel habits and the effectiveness of interventions. […] Routinely evaluate pain levels and the effectiveness of pain management strategies. […] Monitor dietary intake, weight stability, and signs of nutritional adequacy. […] Assess their comprehension of the condition, treatment plan, and their coping strategies. […] This care plan provides a holistic approach to managing colorectal cancer, with a focus on gastrointestinal symptom relief, maintaining nutritional status, managing pain, and providing emotional and educational support. Personalizing care based on individual patient needs is key for effective management and improved quality of life.

• #1 Colorectal Cancer Nursing Care Plan and Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/medical-surgical-nursing-notes/colorectal-cancer/

  Bowel cancer Nursing, Care […] Surgery is the primary treatment for most colon and rectal cancers; the type of surgery depends on the location and size of tumor, and it may be curative or palliative. […] Administer chemotherapy agents as ordered, provide care for the client receiving chemotherapy. […] Provide care for the client receiving radiation therapy. […] Provide care for the client with bowel surgery. […] Teach the patient the care related to the abdominal incision and any perineal wounds. […] Give instructions about when to notify the physician (if the wound separates or if any redness, bleeding, purulent drainage, unusual odor, or excessive pain is present). […] Advise the patient not to perform any heavy lifting (#x10fc00;10 lbs), pushing, or pulling for 6 weeks after surgery. […] If the patient has a perineal incision, instruct her or him not to sit for long periods of time and to use a soft or waffle pillow rather than a rubber ring whenever in the sitting position. […] Teach the patient colostomy care and colostomy irrigation. […] Stress the need to maintain a schedule for follow-up visits recommended by the physician. […] Encourage patients with early-stage disease and complete healing of the bowel to eat a diet consisting of a low-fat and high-fiber content with cruciferous vegetables (Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage). […] Most colorectal tumors grow undetected as symptoms slowly develop. […] Survival rates are best when the disease is discovered in the early stages and when the patient is asymptomatic. […] Participation in procedures for the early detection of colorectal cancer needs to be encouraged. […] Suggest follow-up involvement with community resources such as the United Ostomy Association and the American Cancer Society. […] Diarrhea related to inflammation, irritation, intestinal malabsorption or partial narrowing of the intestinal lumen, secondary to the process of intestinal malignancy. […] Imbalanced Nutrition Less Than Body Requirements related to impaired absorption of nutrients, hypermetabolic state, secondary to the process of intestinal malignancy. […] Anxiety related to psychological factors (the threat of changes in health status, socio-economic status, functions, roles, interaction patterns) and sympathetic stimulation (neoplastic process). […] Knowledge Deficit about condition, prognosis and treatment needs related to less exposure and or misinterpretation of information.

• #1 After surgery for colon cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/bowel-cancer/treatment/treatment-colon/surgery-colon/after-surgery-bowel-cancer

  How you feel after your bowel (colon) cancer operation depends on what type of surgery you have. […] In ICU you have one to one nursing care. And in the high dependency unit you have very close nursing care. […] Your doctor and nurses will give you painkillers. […] Your nurses and physiotherapists will help you to move around as soon as possible. They’ll check you’re doing your breathing and leg exercises. This helps you recover. […] Before you go home the nurse gives you information about how to care for your wound. If you have a stoma (ileostomy or colostomy) the nurse will show you how to care for your stoma. […] You’ll need help when you first go home. The dietitian will talk to you and your family about what to eat. […] Contact your doctor or specialist nurse if you have any problems or symptoms you are unsure about.

• #1 Coping and support when you have metastatic bowel cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/bowel-cancer/advanced/coping

  Stoma nurses are experienced in looking after stomas (ileostomies and colostomies) and teaching you how to look after them. […] Social workers can help to support you with your situation at home. They can arrange home helps to help with shopping or housework. […] You might need to choose where you want to be looked after and who you want to care for you.

• #1 Bowel cancer | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/bowel-cancer

  Bowel cancer is the third most common cancer affecting Australians. […] Surgery is the main treatment for bowel cancer. You may need a stoma, which can be temporary or permanent. […] A stoma (an opening of the bowel onto the abdomen) is sometimes made during the surgery. Your bowel motions (poo) will come through the stoma into a bag. […] Before your surgery, you will be given a lot of education and support about having a stoma. […] Caring for someone with cancer can be a difficult and emotional time. If you are caring for someone with bowel cancer, these organisations can help: […] People often worry about how they will care for their stoma. A stomal nurse will explain how to care for your stoma and tell you about support services. […] Having bowel cancer and treatment can change the way you feel about yourself, other people, relationships and sex. These changes can be very upsetting and hard to talk about. Doctors and nurses are very understanding and can give you support. You can ask for a referral to a counsellor or therapist who specialises in body image, sex and relationships. […] Most people continue to have treatment for advanced cancer as part of palliative care, as it helps manage the cancer and improve their day-to-day lives.

• #1 Colorectal, Colon, Rectal, Cancer, Information, Resources

  https://www.cancercare.org/diagnosis/colorectal_cancer

  CancerCare provides free, professional support services for people affected by colorectal cancer, as well as colorectal cancer treatment information and additional resources. […] Oncology social workers help you cope with the emotional and practical challenges of colorectal cancer. […] CancerCare offers specialized programs to address specific populations and concerns. […] CancerCare has a staff of professional oncology social workers who can provide counseling and support to both you and your brother. […] Adjusting to an ostomy can be difficult at first. With time, however, most people find them easy to manage and pain-free. […] It is generally recommended to start having colon cancer screening at age 45, regardless of gender.

• #1 Effectiveness of Comfort Nursing Combined with Continuous Nursing on Patients with Colorectal Cancer Chemotherapy

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9200510/

  To analyze the application effect of continuous nursing combined with comfort nursing on patients with colorectal cancer chemotherapy and its influence on sleep quality and immune function. […] The implementation of continuous care combined with comfort care for patients with colorectal cancer undergoing chemotherapy can effectively improve sleep quality and quality of life, relieve anxiety, and yield high patient compliance, which is worthy of clinical promotion. […] Continuous care can realize the continuation of care from the hospital to the home, so that nursing work is no longer simply limited to the hospital, meeting the health needs of patients after discharge. […] Comfortable care integrates the concept of human-centered care into the nursing process in the practice, takes the individual needs of patients as the starting point, and carries out nursing services based on the clinical conditions of the patients, effectively regulating the physical and mental conditions of the patients, keeping them in favorable condition, and consolidating the treatment effect.

• #1 Effectiveness of Comfort Nursing Combined with Continuous Nursing on Patients with Colorectal Cancer Chemotherapy

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9200510/

  This study showed that the average PSQI score of the study group after treatment was significantly lower than that of the control group, indicating that continuous care combined with comfort care can significantly improve the sleep quality of patients undergoing chemotherapy for colon cancer. […] This study provides continuous care for patients undergoing chemotherapy for colon cancer, develops them with scientific dietary plans, helps them establish healthy living habits, improves the body’s nutritional status, and enhances immune function. […] The implementation of continuous care combined with comfort care for patients undergoing chemotherapy for colorectal cancer can effectively improve the patient’s sleep quality, enhance immune function, and produce higher satisfaction with clinical care, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

• #1 Best practice in colorectal cancer care | Nursing Times

  https://www.nursingtimes.net/cancer/best-practice-in-colorectal-cancer-care-16-03-2012/

  Nurses need up-to-date knowledge of colorectal cancer. This article provides an overview of the aetiology and risk factors for this disease, diagnostic and staging investigations, treatment options and future care. Managing colorectal cancer is complex. Patients can have a range of healthcare needs. Nurses play an increasingly important role in informing, supporting and coordinating care to improve patients quality of life. […] Nurses have an important role in preparing patients for surgery, with particular emphasis on providing information about what the treatment involves, its risks and benefits, and whether there are alternatives. […] Colorectal cancer nurses may be required to provide: emotional support at time of diagnosis; information and support through treatment decision making; preparation for treatment; ongoing assessment and care during and after treatment; and survivorship care for those living beyond treatment. Many different health professionals will be involved in an individuals care; nurses play a vital part in helping to coordinate care and keep the patient central to decision making.

• #1 Colorectal cancer: diagnosis and treatment | Nursing in Practice

  https://www.nursinginpractice.com/clinical/cancer/colorectal-cancer-diagnosis-and-treatment/

  Constipation can be a long-term issue for some patients post surgery and they may require long-term laxative usage. […] Anterior resection syndrome is common post surgery where the rectum is removed or reduced in size. […] Chronic abdominal pain can occur for some patients due to adhesions. […] Patients who have undergone radiotherapy can develop late effects including change in bowel habit, PR bleeding, skin alterations, impotence in men, vaginal stenosis and cystitis. […] The psychological impact of having colorectal cancer differs with each patient but often patients experience shock, anger, guilt and anxiety. […] Colorectal cancer is very common but also very treatable if caught early, and for those with advanced disease it is now seen as a long-term illness with the increase in treatments and survival.

• #1 Bowel Care Nurses

  https://www.bowelcanceraustralia.org/support-care/support-for-you/bowel-care-nurses/

  Bowel Cancer Australia’s friendly nurses assist patients, family, friends, and concerned members of the community. […] Our medically trained nurses serve as a constant, dedicated point of contact throughout a patients care. […] Offering support during and after treatment, they add an extra layer of support to the trusted relationship patients have with their treating medical team. […] Bowel Cancer Australia’s specialist Bowel Care Nurse program is helping to address this gap, by funding in-person Bowel Care Nurses in hospitals and Cancer Centres across Australia. […] The 100% community funded program enables people with bowel cancer to receive dedicated in-person clinical, psychosocial and emotional support from a specialist Bowel Care Nurse in the place where they are receiving treatment.

• #1 Your Health Care Team for Bowel Cancer | Cancer Council NSW

  https://www.cancercouncil.com.au/bowel-cancer/diagnosis/health-professionals/

  Your general practitioner (GP) will arrange the first tests to assess your symptoms, or further tests if you have had a positive screening test. If these tests do not rule out cancer, you will usually be referred to a specialist, such as a colorectal surgeon or a gastroenterologist. The specialist will arrange further tests. If bowel cancer (also known as colorectal cancer) is diagnosed, the specialist will consider treatment options. […] Often these will be discussed with other health professionals at what is known as a multidisciplinary team (MDT) meeting. During and after treatment, you may see a range of health professionals who specialise in different aspects of your care. […] nurse administers drugs and provides care, information and support throughout treatment. […] stomal therapy nurse provides information about surgery and can help you adjust to life with a temporary or permanent stoma. […] cancer care coordinator coordinates your care, liaises with other members of the MDT, and supports you and your family throughout treatment; care may also be coordinated by a clinical nurse consultant (CNC), cancer nurse specialist or colorectal cancer nurse, or patient navigator.

• #1 Bowel Cancer – the role of Cancer Specialist Nurses and what signs and symptoms to look out for – Cardiff and Vale University Health Board

  https://cavuhb.nhs.wales/news/latest-news/bowel-cancer-the-role-of-cancer-specialist-nurses-and-what-signs-and-symptoms-to-look-out-for/

  Clinical Nurse Specialists (CNS) Clare, Caroline and Angel, based at University Hospital of Wales, lead busy lives outside of the day job and have had varied career paths, but their shared knowledge, expertise and passion has brought them together to care and support patients who have been diagnosed with bowel cancer. […] We are the named key workers for patients within Cardiff and the Vale that are diagnosed with bowel cancer and provide a vital link between patients and the healthcare system. Were able to provide them and their families with compassionate, evidence-based support and guidance throughout their cancer journey. […] CNS nurses like ourselves play a pivotal role in the Colorectal Cancer Multi -Disciplinary Team (MDT) by tracking the colorectal urgent suspected cancer (USC) referrals, supporting outpatient clinics, facilitating diagnoses and subsequent treatment plans with the aim of ensuring a seamless and timely pathway.

• #1 Support for you when diagnosed with Bowel Cancer

  https://www.bowelcanceraustralia.org/support-care/support-for-you/

  If you or a loved one have been diagnosed with bowel cancer, were here for you. […] Bowel Cancer Australias specialist support services are uniquely designed for you, whether living with or beyond bowel cancer, and for your family and friends. […] Our free services provide an extra layer of support to the trusted relationship you have with your treating medical team. […] You can email, call or video chat with one of our friendly Bowel Care Nurses, Bowel Care Nutritionists, Bowel Care Psychosocial Support Workers, and Bowel Care Exercise Physiologist. […] Bowel Cancer Australias essential support services are uniquely designed for you, whether living with or beyond bowel cancer, providing an extra layer of support to the trusted relationship you have with your treating medical team.

• #1 Support for you when diagnosed with Bowel Cancer

  https://www.bowelcanceraustralia.org/support-care/support-for-you/

  Our closed nurse moderated Facebook Group, with monthly expert guests, is a place to connect with other patients and share lived experiences. […] Our closed personal trainer guided Facebook Group to assist people seeking to prioritise exercise alongside treatment. […] Our monthly podcast sharing stories, lived experiences and health professional knowledge about bowel cancer treatment and care. […] Covering all aspects of bowel cancer: prevention, early detection, diagnosis, surgery, treatment, and adjusting to the new normal. […] A valuable resource if you find it helpful to read stories of others who are living with or have been affected by bowel cancer. […] Our Never2Young Advocacy Agenda seeks to improve care experiences and health outcomes for younger people. […] High and low fibre recipes by our Nutritionists, uniquely designed if you are recovering from surgery and/or living with a stoma.

• #1

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/bowel-cancer/self-management/

  Bowel cancer (also known as colorectal, rectal and colon cancer) can affect your life in different ways. It can depend on the stage the cancer is at and the treatment you’re having. […] People cope with their diagnosis and treatment differently. But support is available if you need it. […] Talk to your GP or nurse if you have any questions. They may be able to put your mind at ease. They will also have information on other people to talk to. […] There are community cancer support centres in most local communities. They provide support services for cancer patients, their families and carers. […] You may find some foods upset your bowels, particularly during the first few months after your operation. […] Some people need a stoma after bowel surgery. A stoma is when the surgeon creates another way for your poo to leave your body. […] Having cancer and getting treatment may affect how you feel about relationships and sex. […] Your GP will provide you with support and pain relief if there’s nothing more that can be done to treat your bowel cancer. This is called palliative care.

• #1 Colorectal Cancer Nutrition Guidelines | Sarah Cannon

  https://sarahcannon.com/for-patients/learn-about-cancer/colon-rectal-cancer/nutrition.dot

  Colorectal cancer nutrition can play an important part in your journey when you are faced with a colorectal cancer diagnosis. Eating a well-balanced diet before, during, and after cancer treatment can help you feel better, maintain your strength, and speed your recovery. […] It is important for you to communicate with your healthcare team any changes in your bowel habits. Changes in your diet or medications may be necessary to manage these side effects. […] Nutrition and diet play a very important role in the preparation for the surgery and immediately after the surgery. […] If your colon surgery requires an ostomy bag, consult a registered dietitian for advice. […] A registered dietitian can assist you by making individualized recommendations. […] The immune system is weakened during all types of cancer treatment. […] Paying special attention to food safety during cancer treatment to reduce the risk of exposure to food borne illness may also be referred to a neutropenic diet.

• #1 Bowel cancer | Causes, Symptoms & Treatments | Cancer Council

  https://www.cancer.org.au/cancer-information/types-of-cancer/bowel-cancer

  The main treatment for early bowel cancer is surgery. The most common surgery for cancer that begins in the colon is a colectomy. The type of colectomy performed will depend on whether all or part of the colon needs to be removed. […] In some cases of bowel cancer, your medical team may talk to you about palliative care. Palliative care aims to improve your quality of life by alleviating symptoms of cancer, without aiming to cure it. […] Bowel cancer can begin without noticeable symptoms. Bowel screening can spot the early signs of bowel cancer – when we find bowel cancer early, successful treatment is more likely. […] The risk of bowel cancer can be reduced by a healthy diet with plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables, limiting consumption of red meat, avoiding processed meats, not smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, being physically active, and maintaining a healthy body weight. […] Generally, the earlier bowel cancer is diagnosed, the better the outcomes.

• #1 Coping and support when you have metastatic bowel cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/bowel-cancer/advanced/coping

  Treatment for metastatic bowel cancer can keep it under control, relieve symptoms and give you a good quality of life. […] Advanced bowel cancer is likely to cause physical changes in your body. Community cancer nurses or symptom control nurses can help to support you at home. […] You might need some care and support at home due to metastatic bowel cancer. A lot of practical and emotional support is available to you. […] Your GP manages your healthcare when you are at home. They can help with any medical problems that come up. […] Community specialist palliative care nurses include Macmillan nurses and hospice nurses. They specialise in symptom management such as pain control, sickness, and other cancer symptoms. […] Marie Curie nurses give nursing care to people with advanced cancer in their own homes.

• #1 Support for you when diagnosed with Bowel Cancer

  https://www.bowelcanceraustralia.org/support-care/support-for-you/

  A dedicated point of contact, before, during and after treatment, providing confidential support and help when needed most. […] Helping navigate bowel habit changes by offering tailored nutritional support, menu planning as well as cooking tips. […] Practical advice to support your psychosocial wellbeing as well as strategies for coping and adjusting to life with bowel cancer. […] Exercise can help reduce the severity of treatment-related side effects and symptoms such as pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, cognitive impairment, mental health wellbeing, and low anterior resection syndrome (LARS). […] Our additional support includes a national peer-to-peer buddy network, moderated online support groups, and podcast, to name a few. […] Australias only national support group for bowel cancer patients, newly diagnosed, living with or beyond bowel cancer, and their loved ones.

• #1 Colon Cancer Care I AdventHealth Cancer Institute Shawnee Mission

  https://www.adventhealth.com/adventhealth-cancer-institute-shawnee-mission/colon-cancer-care

  Your journey begins here. Our team at AdventHealth Cancer Institute Shawnee Mission is standing by, ready to detect, diagnose and treat colorectal cancer. […] Our team includes specialists with extensive experience and knowledge in detecting, diagnosing and treating colon cancer, and we put that knowledge to work for you. […] Colon cancer (also called colorectal cancer or bowel cancer) is the abnormal development of cells in the colon or rectum. […] You can take some steps to reduce your risk of developing colon cancer. […] Talk to your doctor about which treatment options work best for your colon cancer diagnosis. […] Our program offers one-on-one treatment with a licensed physical therapist specializing in oncology rehabilitation. […] Our care navigators are by your side throughout your journey, answering questions and easing your mind. […] You can overcome cancer. We offer hope as well as healing from treatment to survivorship. […] You’ve got this, because we’ve got you. Connect with one of our experienced and compassionate oncology specialists and get the answers you want and need.

• #1 Patient education: Colon and rectal cancer (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/colon-and-rectal-cancer-beyond-the-basics

  Chemotherapy is a treatment given to slow or stop the growth of cancer cells. […] The majority of rectal cancers are treated with a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy; as with colon cancers, treatment is chosen based on disease stage. […] A combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy may be recommended before surgery for patients with rectal cancer; this is called neoadjuvant chemoradiation. […] Surgery removes the cancerous part of the rectum and the associated lymph nodes. […] After completing treatment for colorectal cancer, it is important to follow up with your health care team. […] Having colon or rectal cancer means that your family may be at an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer.

• #1 After surgery for colon cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/bowel-cancer/treatment/treatment-colon/surgery-colon/after-surgery-bowel-cancer

  You’ll have follow up appointments to check your recovery and sort out any problems. They’re also your opportunity to raise any concerns you have about your progress. […] There is a risk of problems or complications after any operation. Possible problems after bowel cancer surgery include a leak where the surgeon has joined the ends of your colon together, or your bowel not working properly. Other possible problems include infection, blood clots and bleeding.

• #1 Colorectal Cancer | Cancer Care | Nuvance Health

  https://www.nuvancehealth.org/services-and-treatments/cancer-care/types-of-cancer-we-treat/gastrointestinal-cancer/colorectal-cancer

  Colon cancer and rectal cancer care with a personalized approach and compassionate support. […] You receive colorectal cancer care and prevention services without leaving the comfort of your community. […] Our personalized approach means you receive appropriate therapies and thoughtful support for your unique needs. […] Specialized care for high-risk patients: Some patients face a higher colorectal cancer risk due to family history. […] Cancer nurse navigators are here for you through every step of your care experience. […] They reach out to you early on to answer questions and provide emotional support. […] Nurse navigators also help coordinate appointments and explain what to expect so that you can focus on healing. […] Colorectal cancer risks increase with age, which is why experts recommend regular screening colonoscopies.

• #1 Bowel Cancer – the role of Cancer Specialist Nurses and what signs and symptoms to look out for – Cardiff and Vale University Health Board

  https://cavuhb.nhs.wales/news/latest-news/bowel-cancer-the-role-of-cancer-specialist-nurses-and-what-signs-and-symptoms-to-look-out-for/

  We run and coordinate the Nurse-led colorectal cancer Surveillance programme within Cardiff and Vale University Health Board. […] As cancer can impact on almost every aspect of a persons life and not just their physical health, we work closely with Macmillan, Bowel Cancer UK, Tenovus and other similar charities and third sector organisations, and are able to sign-post our patients to a range of invaluable services for advice and support. […] Bowel Cancer is the 4th common cancer, and although we have a large volume of referrals, we ensure every patient is treated holistically. […] Bowel cancer is treatable and curable especially if diagnosed early. Nearly everyone survives bowel cancer if diagnosed at the earliest stage. However, the chances of beating it drops significantly as the disease develops.

• #1 Bowel Care Nurses

  https://www.bowelcanceraustralia.org/support-care/support-for-you/bowel-care-nurses/

  Specialist Bowel Care Nurses provide a single point of contact for people with bowel cancer, assisting with continuity of care from diagnosis, helping to improve bowel cancer outcomes by identifying and bridging gaps in the patient journey and enabling patients to take a more active role in their bowel care treatment, and assisting with care coordination, while providing advice, education, support, and direct patient care. […] Every bowel cancer patient deserves to have access to a dedicated Bowel Care Nurse.

• #1 Colorectal cancer: Symptoms, stages, & outlook

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/155598

  Colorectal cancer, also known as bowel cancer, colon cancer, or rectal cancer, refers to any cancer that affects the colon and rectum. Common signs of colorectal cancer include blood in the stool, diarrhea, or constipation. […] Colorectal cancer may not cause symptoms until it progresses. People with risk factors for colorectal cancer, such as being over 50 years and having a family history of colorectal cancer, may benefit from screening. […] People can also take steps to reduce their risk of colorectal cancer. This may include changes in diet and exercise habits. […] Colorectal cancer may not cause symptoms in the early stages. If it does, they may include changes in bowel habits, such as diarrhea, constipation, and narrow stools. […] Screening can detect polyps before they become cancerous. It can also detect colon cancer in the early stages, when it is easier to treat.

• #2 Bowel cancer | Causes, Symptoms & Treatments | Cancer Council

  https://www.cancer.org.au/cancer-information/types-of-cancer/bowel-cancer

  Bowel cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, colon cancer or rectal cancer, develops from the inner lining of the bowel. It is usually preceded by growths called polyps, which may become invasive cancer if undetected. […] Bowel cancer is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia, and it is estimated that one in 20 people will be diagnosed by the time they are 85. […] People aged 50-74 are sent a bowel screening test every two years as part of the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program. From 1st July 2024, people aged 45-49 can also request a free screening kit to be mailed to them. […] Symptoms of bowel cancer include: change in bowel habit including diarrhoea, constipation or the feeling of incomplete emptying; a change in the appearance or consistency of bowel movements such as thin bowel stools; blood in the stools; abdominal pain, bloating or cramping; anal or rectal pain; a lump in the anus or rectum; weight loss; unexplained fatigue; tiredness and/or anaemia (pale complexion, weakness and breathlessness); blood in the urine or passing urine frequently or during the night, change in urine colour dark, rusty or brown.

• #2 Colon (Colorectal) Cancer: Nursing Diagnoses, Care Plans, Assessment & Interventions | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/colon-cancer-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  A thorough family history assessment is crucial to finding familial clusters and underlying patterns. Frequent screening is necessary due to the increased risk for primary colon cancer, indicated by a family history of colon cancer and advanced polyp by an immediate (first-degree) relative. […] Colon cancer risk is increased by the following: Non-modifiable risk factors include old age, past medical history of colorectal polyps or colorectal cancer, past or present medical history of inflammatory bowel disease, history of an inherited syndrome, ethnicity, and diabetes. […] Modifiable risk factors include obesity, physical activity, diet, smoking, and alcohol consumption. […] The risk of colon cancer is increased by radiation therapy administered to the abdomen to treat prior malignancies.

• #2 Signs and symptoms of bowel cancer | Bowel Cancer UK

  https://www.bowelcanceruk.org.uk/about-bowel-cancer/symptoms/

  Bowel cancer is cancer that begins in the large bowel, which is made up of the colon and rectum. Its sometimes called colorectal cancer. […] If you have any of these symptoms, or if youre worried about any changes that you notice, visit your GP and ask about an at-home test. […] Seeing your GP as soon as you can when you have symptoms can help to diagnose bowel cancer early. The earlier that bowel cancer is diagnosed, the more treatable its likely to be. […] If you think you have a bowel obstruction, are in a lot of pain, or feeling very unwell, call NHS 111 for advice or go to a hospital accident and emergency department. […] If you have any of the symptoms described above, or if youre worried about any changes that you notice, contact your GP and ask about an at-home test.

• #2 National Bowel Cancer Screening Program for nurses

  https://www.apna.asn.au/education/bowel-cancer

  This project aims to increase primary health care nurses engagement with the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP), with the goal of increasing Program participation. […] The overall outcome of the project will be: increased confidence and competency of primary health care nurses to support bowel cancer screening activities. […] Activities include: Develop bowel screening resources for primary health care nurses, Host a webinar for nurses working in general practice settings on the NBCSP, Update the online training module on the NBCSP, Promote the above resources at APNA events and workshops.

• #2 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Colorectal Cancer (Colon Cancer) | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-colorectal-cancer-colon-cancer

  To provide nursing professionals with a comprehensive approach for managing patients with colorectal cancer. The plan emphasizes understanding the diseases pathophysiology, recognizing its symptoms, and implementing effective nursing interventions for symptom management, complication prevention, and emotional support. […] Effective management of gastrointestinal symptoms, including pain, altered bowel habits, and bleeding. […] Prevention or management of complications such as bowel obstruction or perforation. […] Changes in bowel habits, such as diarrhea, constipation, or a change in stool consistency. […] Rectal bleeding or blood in the stool. […] A feeling that the bowel doesn’t empty completely. […] Monitor bowel habits, presence of blood in stool, and any signs of intestinal obstruction.

• #2 Colorectal Cancer Nursing Care Plan and Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/medical-surgical-nursing-notes/colorectal-cancer/

  Bowel cancer Nursing, Care […] Surgery is the primary treatment for most colon and rectal cancers; the type of surgery depends on the location and size of tumor, and it may be curative or palliative. […] Administer chemotherapy agents as ordered, provide care for the client receiving chemotherapy. […] Provide care for the client receiving radiation therapy. […] Provide care for the client with bowel surgery. […] Teach the patient the care related to the abdominal incision and any perineal wounds. […] Give instructions about when to notify the physician (if the wound separates or if any redness, bleeding, purulent drainage, unusual odor, or excessive pain is present). […] Advise the patient not to perform any heavy lifting (#x10fc00;10 lbs), pushing, or pulling for 6 weeks after surgery. […] If the patient has a perineal incision, instruct her or him not to sit for long periods of time and to use a soft or waffle pillow rather than a rubber ring whenever in the sitting position. […] Teach the patient colostomy care and colostomy irrigation. […] Stress the need to maintain a schedule for follow-up visits recommended by the physician. […] Encourage patients with early-stage disease and complete healing of the bowel to eat a diet consisting of a low-fat and high-fiber content with cruciferous vegetables (Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage). […] Most colorectal tumors grow undetected as symptoms slowly develop. […] Survival rates are best when the disease is discovered in the early stages and when the patient is asymptomatic. […] Participation in procedures for the early detection of colorectal cancer needs to be encouraged. […] Suggest follow-up involvement with community resources such as the United Ostomy Association and the American Cancer Society. […] Diarrhea related to inflammation, irritation, intestinal malabsorption or partial narrowing of the intestinal lumen, secondary to the process of intestinal malignancy. […] Imbalanced Nutrition Less Than Body Requirements related to impaired absorption of nutrients, hypermetabolic state, secondary to the process of intestinal malignancy. […] Anxiety related to psychological factors (the threat of changes in health status, socio-economic status, functions, roles, interaction patterns) and sympathetic stimulation (neoplastic process). […] Knowledge Deficit about condition, prognosis and treatment needs related to less exposure and or misinterpretation of information.

• #2 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Colorectal Cancer (Colon Cancer) | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-ncp-for-colorectal-cancer-colon-cancer

  Evaluate the location, intensity, and nature of abdominal pain. […] Monitor for signs of weight loss, malnutrition, or anemia. […] Assess the patients emotional and psychological response to the diagnosis and treatment. […] Altered Bowel Elimination related to the presence of tumor and gastrointestinal symptoms. […] Acute Pain related to tumor growth and gastrointestinal disturbances. […] Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements related to decreased appetite and cancer metabolism. […] Anxiety related to cancer diagnosis and treatment uncertainties. […] Nutritional Support: Collaborate with a dietitian to ensure dietary needs are met, especially if the patient experiences loss of appetite, nausea, or changes in bowel habits. […] Pain Management: Administer prescribed analgesics and implement non-pharmacological pain relief methods.

• #2 Bowel cancer

  https://www.cancervic.org.au/cancer-information/types-of-cancer/bowel_cancer/treatment_for_early_bowel_cancer.html

  A stomal therapy nurse will see you after the operation to teach you how to look after the stoma and attach bags. You will stay in hospital until you feel confident managing the stoma. […] You may notice changes to how your bowel and bladder work. These changes usually improve within a few months but, for some people, it can take longer. […] Your treatment team will encourage you to walk the day after the surgery. […] Some people go home with a stoma.

• #2 Effectiveness of Comfort Nursing Combined with Continuous Nursing on Patients with Colorectal Cancer Chemotherapy

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9200510/

  This study showed that the average PSQI score of the study group after treatment was significantly lower than that of the control group, indicating that continuous care combined with comfort care can significantly improve the sleep quality of patients undergoing chemotherapy for colon cancer. […] This study provides continuous care for patients undergoing chemotherapy for colon cancer, develops them with scientific dietary plans, helps them establish healthy living habits, improves the body’s nutritional status, and enhances immune function. […] The implementation of continuous care combined with comfort care for patients undergoing chemotherapy for colorectal cancer can effectively improve the patient’s sleep quality, enhance immune function, and produce higher satisfaction with clinical care, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

• #2 Colorectal cancer: diagnosis and treatment | Nursing in Practice

  https://www.nursinginpractice.com/clinical/cancer/colorectal-cancer-diagnosis-and-treatment/

  Constipation can be a long-term issue for some patients post surgery and they may require long-term laxative usage. […] Anterior resection syndrome is common post surgery where the rectum is removed or reduced in size. […] Chronic abdominal pain can occur for some patients due to adhesions. […] Patients who have undergone radiotherapy can develop late effects including change in bowel habit, PR bleeding, skin alterations, impotence in men, vaginal stenosis and cystitis. […] The psychological impact of having colorectal cancer differs with each patient but often patients experience shock, anger, guilt and anxiety. […] Colorectal cancer is very common but also very treatable if caught early, and for those with advanced disease it is now seen as a long-term illness with the increase in treatments and survival.

• #2 Bowel cancer | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/bowel-cancer

  Bowel cancer is the third most common cancer affecting Australians. […] Surgery is the main treatment for bowel cancer. You may need a stoma, which can be temporary or permanent. […] A stoma (an opening of the bowel onto the abdomen) is sometimes made during the surgery. Your bowel motions (poo) will come through the stoma into a bag. […] Before your surgery, you will be given a lot of education and support about having a stoma. […] Caring for someone with cancer can be a difficult and emotional time. If you are caring for someone with bowel cancer, these organisations can help: […] People often worry about how they will care for their stoma. A stomal nurse will explain how to care for your stoma and tell you about support services. […] Having bowel cancer and treatment can change the way you feel about yourself, other people, relationships and sex. These changes can be very upsetting and hard to talk about. Doctors and nurses are very understanding and can give you support. You can ask for a referral to a counsellor or therapist who specialises in body image, sex and relationships. […] Most people continue to have treatment for advanced cancer as part of palliative care, as it helps manage the cancer and improve their day-to-day lives.

• #2 Bowel Care Nurses

  https://www.bowelcanceraustralia.org/support-care/support-for-you/bowel-care-nurses/

  Bowel Cancer Australia’s friendly nurses assist patients, family, friends, and concerned members of the community. […] Our medically trained nurses serve as a constant, dedicated point of contact throughout a patients care. […] Offering support during and after treatment, they add an extra layer of support to the trusted relationship patients have with their treating medical team. […] Bowel Cancer Australia’s specialist Bowel Care Nurse program is helping to address this gap, by funding in-person Bowel Care Nurses in hospitals and Cancer Centres across Australia. […] The 100% community funded program enables people with bowel cancer to receive dedicated in-person clinical, psychosocial and emotional support from a specialist Bowel Care Nurse in the place where they are receiving treatment.

• #2 Bowel Care Nurses

  https://www.bowelcanceraustralia.org/support-care/support-for-you/bowel-care-nurses/

  Specialist Bowel Care Nurses provide a single point of contact for people with bowel cancer, assisting with continuity of care from diagnosis, helping to improve bowel cancer outcomes by identifying and bridging gaps in the patient journey and enabling patients to take a more active role in their bowel care treatment, and assisting with care coordination, while providing advice, education, support, and direct patient care. […] Every bowel cancer patient deserves to have access to a dedicated Bowel Care Nurse.

• #2 Your Health Care Team for Bowel Cancer | Cancer Council NSW

  https://www.cancercouncil.com.au/bowel-cancer/diagnosis/health-professionals/

  Your general practitioner (GP) will arrange the first tests to assess your symptoms, or further tests if you have had a positive screening test. If these tests do not rule out cancer, you will usually be referred to a specialist, such as a colorectal surgeon or a gastroenterologist. The specialist will arrange further tests. If bowel cancer (also known as colorectal cancer) is diagnosed, the specialist will consider treatment options. […] Often these will be discussed with other health professionals at what is known as a multidisciplinary team (MDT) meeting. During and after treatment, you may see a range of health professionals who specialise in different aspects of your care. […] nurse administers drugs and provides care, information and support throughout treatment. […] stomal therapy nurse provides information about surgery and can help you adjust to life with a temporary or permanent stoma. […] cancer care coordinator coordinates your care, liaises with other members of the MDT, and supports you and your family throughout treatment; care may also be coordinated by a clinical nurse consultant (CNC), cancer nurse specialist or colorectal cancer nurse, or patient navigator.

• #2 Support for you when diagnosed with Bowel Cancer

  https://www.bowelcanceraustralia.org/support-care/support-for-you/

  A dedicated point of contact, before, during and after treatment, providing confidential support and help when needed most. […] Helping navigate bowel habit changes by offering tailored nutritional support, menu planning as well as cooking tips. […] Practical advice to support your psychosocial wellbeing as well as strategies for coping and adjusting to life with bowel cancer. […] Exercise can help reduce the severity of treatment-related side effects and symptoms such as pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, cognitive impairment, mental health wellbeing, and low anterior resection syndrome (LARS). […] Our additional support includes a national peer-to-peer buddy network, moderated online support groups, and podcast, to name a few. […] Australias only national support group for bowel cancer patients, newly diagnosed, living with or beyond bowel cancer, and their loved ones.

• #2 Colorectal Cancer Nutrition Guidelines | Sarah Cannon

  https://sarahcannon.com/for-patients/learn-about-cancer/colon-rectal-cancer/nutrition.dot

  Colorectal cancer nutrition can play an important part in your journey when you are faced with a colorectal cancer diagnosis. Eating a well-balanced diet before, during, and after cancer treatment can help you feel better, maintain your strength, and speed your recovery. […] It is important for you to communicate with your healthcare team any changes in your bowel habits. Changes in your diet or medications may be necessary to manage these side effects. […] Nutrition and diet play a very important role in the preparation for the surgery and immediately after the surgery. […] If your colon surgery requires an ostomy bag, consult a registered dietitian for advice. […] A registered dietitian can assist you by making individualized recommendations. […] The immune system is weakened during all types of cancer treatment. […] Paying special attention to food safety during cancer treatment to reduce the risk of exposure to food borne illness may also be referred to a neutropenic diet.

• #2 Treatment for bowel cancer – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/bowel-cancer/treatment/

  Youll be supported through surgery and recovery by your specialist treatment team. […] You’ll be referred to a team of doctors and nurses called a symptom control team or palliative care team. […] They will help you to manage your symptoms and make you feel more comfortable.

• #2

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/colorectal-cancer

  Colorectal cancer is often diagnosed at advanced stages when treatment options are limited. […] Timely diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and regular follow-up care are important for improving survival rates and quality of life. […] Regular screenings are important to catch the disease early and begin treatment. […] Treatments for colorectal cancer are based on the type and progression of the cancer and the persons medical history. Early detection of colorectal cancer can lead to better treatments and outcomes. […] Supportive care is important for people with colorectal cancer. It aims to manage symptoms, provide pain relief, and give emotional support. It can help to increase quality of life for people with colorectal cancer and their families. […] After treatment, regular follow-up visits and surveillance are essential to monitor for any signs of recurrence or new cancer. Surveillance may include physical examinations, blood tests, and imaging studies (such as CT scans) to detect any potential recurrence at an early stage.

• #2 Patient education: Colon and rectal cancer (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/colon-and-rectal-cancer-beyond-the-basics

  Chemotherapy is a treatment given to slow or stop the growth of cancer cells. […] The majority of rectal cancers are treated with a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy; as with colon cancers, treatment is chosen based on disease stage. […] A combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy may be recommended before surgery for patients with rectal cancer; this is called neoadjuvant chemoradiation. […] Surgery removes the cancerous part of the rectum and the associated lymph nodes. […] After completing treatment for colorectal cancer, it is important to follow up with your health care team. […] Having colon or rectal cancer means that your family may be at an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer.

• #2 Colorectal Cancers | Rogel Cancer Center | Michigan Medicine | University of Michigan

  https://www.rogelcancercenter.org/colorectal-colon-cancer

  Colorectal cancer specialists are experts at precisely targeting cancer and providing effective treatment. These precise diagnoses inform your personalized colorectal cancer treatment plan. […] The specialists at Rogel Cancer Center work together to treat all types of colorectal cancer in our multidisciplinary clinics. Our specialist team offers access to expert diagnoses and the most advanced treatments for colorectal cancers. The multidisciplinary approach at Rogel Cancer Center ensures you benefit from our teams years of training, skill and experience. […] Our GI cancer support services are here for you and your family. We provide a range of services at Rogel Cancer Center to help you and those you love during treatment for all GI cancer types. Our patient navigators get you the resources, information and support you need so you can focus on your care.

• #2 Colon & Rectal Cancers Program | UC San Diego Health

  https://health.ucsd.edu/care/cancer/cancers-we-treat/colorectal/

  Expect the highest quality of surgical care from UC San Diego Health. Our surgeons were the first in the region to perform minimally invasive surgery for colorectal cancer. With our surgical expertise, you’re likely to experience less scarring, less pain and a faster recovery. […] Your treatment plan includes radiation therapy. UC San Diego Health’s radiation oncology practice is integrated with the surgery and medical oncology practices within Moores Cancer Center. […] Our understanding of cancer, including how genetics contribute to disease, is advancing rapidly. Depending on your cancer, you may be able to receive immunotherapy or targeted molecular therapy as part of your care. […] At UC San Diego Health, your cancer care is led by a multidisciplinary team of doctors who specialize in your type of cancer. Highly specialized multidisciplinary care is a hallmark of top-tier academic medical centers such as UC San Diego Health. For patients like you, it means you receive the highest level of care. […] At UC San Diego Health, your care goes beyond treating disease. It also includes supporting you and your loved ones emotionally throughout your cancer journey. Most of our support services are free.

• #2 Bowel Cancer – the role of Cancer Specialist Nurses and what signs and symptoms to look out for – Cardiff and Vale University Health Board

  https://cavuhb.nhs.wales/news/latest-news/bowel-cancer-the-role-of-cancer-specialist-nurses-and-what-signs-and-symptoms-to-look-out-for/

  We run and coordinate the Nurse-led colorectal cancer Surveillance programme within Cardiff and Vale University Health Board. […] As cancer can impact on almost every aspect of a persons life and not just their physical health, we work closely with Macmillan, Bowel Cancer UK, Tenovus and other similar charities and third sector organisations, and are able to sign-post our patients to a range of invaluable services for advice and support. […] Bowel Cancer is the 4th common cancer, and although we have a large volume of referrals, we ensure every patient is treated holistically. […] Bowel cancer is treatable and curable especially if diagnosed early. Nearly everyone survives bowel cancer if diagnosed at the earliest stage. However, the chances of beating it drops significantly as the disease develops.

• #2 Nursing care plan for colon cancer

  https://nursipedia.com/nursing-care-plan-colon-cancer/

  Colon cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the large intestine and can also be referred to as bowel cancer, colorectal cancer, or rectal cancer. This disease is one of the most common forms of cancer worldwide. A nursing care plan for colon cancer should outline appropriate interventions to properly manage the symptoms of the disease. […] The objective of the nursing care plan for colon cancer is to address how to manage the symptoms associated with the disease, and to provide support to the patient. Patients should receive thorough instruction on how to manage their own health care and what services are available to them as they move through diagnosis and treatment. […] Colon cancer is a serious medical condition that requires dedicated and coordinated care. The nurses role in the overall plan of care is essential in providing quality care to the patient and supporting them through their disease progression.

• #2 Best practice in colorectal cancer care | Nursing Times

  https://www.nursingtimes.net/cancer/best-practice-in-colorectal-cancer-care-16-03-2012/

  Nurses need up-to-date knowledge of colorectal cancer. This article provides an overview of the aetiology and risk factors for this disease, diagnostic and staging investigations, treatment options and future care. Managing colorectal cancer is complex. Patients can have a range of healthcare needs. Nurses play an increasingly important role in informing, supporting and coordinating care to improve patients quality of life. […] Nurses have an important role in preparing patients for surgery, with particular emphasis on providing information about what the treatment involves, its risks and benefits, and whether there are alternatives. […] Colorectal cancer nurses may be required to provide: emotional support at time of diagnosis; information and support through treatment decision making; preparation for treatment; ongoing assessment and care during and after treatment; and survivorship care for those living beyond treatment. Many different health professionals will be involved in an individuals care; nurses play a vital part in helping to coordinate care and keep the patient central to decision making.

• #2 Bowel Cancer – the role of Cancer Specialist Nurses and what signs and symptoms to look out for – Cardiff and Vale University Health Board

  https://cavuhb.nhs.wales/news/latest-news/bowel-cancer-the-role-of-cancer-specialist-nurses-and-what-signs-and-symptoms-to-look-out-for/

  The earlier bowel cancer is spotted, the more treatable it is likely to be. […] Symptoms may include: Change in bowel habit (this may include going more often, with looser, runnier poos and sometimes abdominal pain), Blood in the poo without other symptoms (pile/haemorrhoids), Abdominal pain, discomfort or bloating always brought on by eating. […] If you have one or more of the symptoms of bowel cancer which have persisted for more than three weeks, see your GP.

• #2 Colorectal cancer: Symptoms, stages, & outlook

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/155598

  The best approach to treatment for colorectal cancer depends on several factors, including the size and location of tumors and the cancer’s stage, whether the cancer is recurrent, and the person’s overall health. […] Surgery is the primary treatment for colorectal cancer that is limited to the colon. It aims to remove cancerous tissue, including tumors and affected lymph nodes, and prevent the cancer from spreading. […] According to a 2023 review, standard therapies for colorectal cancers include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy. […] If cancer spreads and grows despite the above treatments, a doctor may suggest palliative care. This aims to prevent or reduce the symptoms and side effects of colorectal cancer to improve the person’s overall well-being and quality of life.

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