Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Costochondritis: Diagnosis and Treatment | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0915/p617.html

  Costochondritis, an inflammation of costochondral junctions of ribs or chondrosternal joints of the anterior chest wall, is a common condition seen in patients presenting to the physician’s office and emergency department. […] History and physical examination of the chest that document reproducible pain by palpation over the costal cartilages are usually all that is needed to make the diagnosis in children, adolescents, and young adults. […] Patients older than 35 years, those with a history or risk of coronary artery disease, and any patient with cardiopulmonary symptoms should have an electrocardiograph and possibly a chest radiograph. […] The primary symptom of costochondritis is chest wall pain of varying intensity, typically described as sharp, aching, or pressure-like. […] Pain that is reproduced by palpation of the typically affected areas suggests costochondritis, but depends on the exclusion of underlying causes.

• #1 Costochondritis – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/costochondritis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20371180

  During the physical exam, a health care provider will feel along your breastbone for tenderness or swelling. The provider might also move your rib cage or your arms in certain ways to try to trigger symptoms. […] There is no laboratory or imaging test to confirm a diagnosis of costochondritis. But a health care provider might order certain tests, such as an electrocardiogram and chest X-ray, to rule out other conditions. […] What tests do I need?

• #1 Costochondritis & Chest Wall Pain | Rib Injury Clinic

  https://www.ribinjuryclinic.com/conditions/costochondritis-other-inflammatory-problems/

  Costochondritis refer to Inflammation of the cartilage junctions of the sternum and ribs typically felt at the costosternal and costochondral joints. It is a relatively common condition seen in adult and patients who develop pain and tenderness at the front of the chest. Its felt over the affected cartilage segments in multiple areas, usually on one, or occasionally both sides of the sternum. The most common sites of pain are the anterior cartilage segments of the 2th to 5th ribs at the front of the chest near where the ribs join the breastbone. This pain increases with activity, moving or twisting or when taking deep breaths. Conversely, it decreases as movement stops or with quiet breathing. The reproducible tenderness but without swelling you feel when you press on the sternal and rib joints (costosternal and costochondral junctions respectively) is a constant feature of costochondritis. Without this tenderness, a diagnosis of costochondritis is unlikely.

• #1 Costochondritis – Knowledge @ AMBOSS

  https://www.amboss.com/us/knowledge/costochondritis/

  Diagnosis is clinical, based primarily on reproducible pain upon palpation of the affected joints, and is supported with physical examination maneuvers. […] Diagnostic testing is performed to rule out other causes of chest pain. […] Clinical diagnosis, primarily based on: Reproducible pain on palpation. […] Positive results of provocative tests to reproduce pain, e.g.: Crowing rooster maneuver, Crossed-chest adduction maneuver. […] Exclusion of other causes of chest pain. […] Perform a thorough clinical evaluation (including cardiac examination and pulmonary examination). […] Consider diagnostic studies, e.g.: ECG if concern for cardiovascular causes of chest pain (e.g., existing CAD or risk factors for CAD). […] CXR in patients with pulmonary symptoms (e.g., dyspnea) or signs of infection (e.g., fever). […] Pain on chest wall palpation does not exclude an underlying cardiac cause. Most patients require diagnostic studies, including ECG, to exclude immediately life-threatening causes of chest pain.

• #1 Costochondritis: Rapid Evidence Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/0700/p73.html

  Costochondritis is a common cause of chest pain. […] The diagnosis of costochondritis is largely based on history and a physical examination that demonstrates reproduction of pain through palpation of the parasternal region of the chest wall, performance of a crowing rooster maneuver, and/or a crossed-chest adduction maneuver. […] The differential diagnosis for patients with chest pain is broad and must be carefully considered before settling on a diagnosis of costochondritis. […] There are no laboratory tests, imaging tests, or electrocardiography findings specifically for the diagnosis of costochondritis. […] The typical presentation of costochondritis is bilateral parasternal chest wall pain exacerbated by deep breaths, coughing, and stretching. […] Pain reproduced by the following maneuvers has classically proven helpful: direct palpation to the involved costosternal or costochondral junction; the crowing rooster maneuver; and crossed-chest adduction of the ipsilateral arm combined with neck rotation toward the ipsilateral shoulder. […] Because the clinical examination lacks specificity, most patients with chest pain still need a thorough evaluation, including electrocardiography at a minimum, to rule out other more serious causes.

• #1 Costochondritis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532931/

  Costochondritis can mimic myocardial infarction, pneumonia, Herpes zoster, and systemic disorders associated with chest wall or back pain. […] A comprehensive history and physical exam help exclude chest pain etiologies before making a costochondritis diagnosis. […] A chest x-ray and electrocardiogram should be considered for all adult patients with chest pain. […] Diagnosis relies on clinical assessment, excluding serious causes, with treatment involving conservative measures such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and physical therapy. […] Diagnostic testing is mainly indicated to rule out other potential etiologies of chest pain, such as myocardial infarction or pneumonia. […] The American College of Rheumatology recommends that a chest X-ray be considered in all patients with chest pain to rule out conditions like pneumonia, spontaneous pneumothorax, and lung masses. […] An electrocardiogram (ECG) should be considered in all adult patients with anterior chest pain to rule out cardiac abnormalities. […] Diagnostic testing must be guided by the presence of risk factors for life-threatening conditions.

• #1 Costochondritis: Diagnosis and Treatment | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0915/p617.html

  Patients older than 35 years, those with a history or risk of coronary artery disease, and patients with cardio-pulmonary symptoms should have electrocardiography and, possibly, chest radiography. […] Routine laboratory testing is not necessary in patients with suspected costochondritis unless the diagnosis is uncertain or if fever or signs of inflammation are present.

• #1 Costochondritis: What It Is, Causes, FAQs & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22167-costochondritis

  Diagnosing costochondritis is usually a diagnosis of elimination. This means a healthcare provider might do an exam and perform tests to rule out other, more serious conditions before diagnosing costochondritis. […] Your provider will diagnose costochondritis with a physical exam. […] They might press on your chest to feel how sensitive you are and to pinpoint where your pain is most intense (localized). […] You might need a blood test to check for infections or other issues. […] Theres no imaging test that can diagnose costochondritis. But your provider may use some imaging tests to rule out other causes of rib pain. The most common tests include: Chest X-ray, A computed tomography (CT) scan, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Ultrasound, Electrocardiogram (EKG).

• #1 Costochondritis Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/costochondritis-tietzes-syndrome-2548833

  Central to the diagnosis of costochondritis is the differential diagnosis. This is the process used to investigate and weed out other possible causes of your symptoms. […] To definitively diagnose costochondritis, a healthcare provider will want to exclude, among other things: Myocardial infarction: Also known as a heart attack, Pneumonia: The obstruction of the tiny air sacs of the lungs (alveoli) by fluid or pus, Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): A chronic and often severe form of acid reflux, Heart failure: When the heart is unable to pump enough blood to service the body’s needs, Pericarditis: Inflammation of the sac covering the heart muscle (pericardium), Pulmonary embolism: When a block clot breaks off and gets lodged in the lungs, Aortic dissection: When a tear occurs in the inner layer of the body’s main artery (aorta), Panic attack: An episode of extreme panic that can replicate signs of a heart attack.

• #1 How do I recognize it? | Vereniging van Tietze en costochondritis patiënten

  https://tietze.nl/en/tietze-and-costochondritis/self-diagnosis/

  A good and at the same time simple way to test whether the symptoms could be related to Tietze and/or costochondritis can be done as follows: Press gently but with some force on the painful spot near the sternum or on the rib. If the pain intensifies sharply at that point, there may be Tietze and/or costochondritis. […] If most of the above questions can be answered YES, then you probably have Tietzes syndrome or costochondritis. […] De aandoening is niet levensbedreigend of gevaarlijk, je gaat er nooit aan dood. […] Hoewel de pijnklachten vaak aan de linkerzijde van de borst ontstaan en de pijn zelfs kan uitstralen naar de armen en dus lijken op een hartdoening, blijkt het hart na later onderzoek niets met de pijnklachten te maken te hebben. […] Voor zover bekend is genezing van deze kraakbeenontsteking niet mogelijk. […] Dat is voor iedereen verschillend. Bij de n verdwijnen de klachten na enige tijd om nooit weer terug te keren, bij anderen verdwijnen de klachten nooit. […] Reuma is een verzamelnaam voor meer dan honderd verschillende ziekten aan het bewegingsapparaat.

• #1 How do I recognize it? | Vereniging van Tietze en costochondritis patiënten

  https://tietze.nl/en/tietze-and-costochondritis/self-diagnosis/

  In the chest region, sharp pain often occurs at the ribs (costal), increasing when touching or pressing on the ribs or sternum. […] Please note that the above symptoms are examples of symptoms experienced by people diagnosed with Tietzes syndrome and or costochondritis. Symptoms may vary from person to person and it is not possible to say for certain whether these symptoms are related to Tietzes syndrome and/or costochondritis. […] It is important to have this investigated first, as heart disease can be life-threatening in the short term. This is why doctors usually order an electrocardiogram (ECG) and chest X-ray and various blood tests. […] When Tiete is finally diagnosed, if the patient is in doubt, a good self-test is to press a finger on the sore spot. If the pain immediately gets worse, it cannot be the heart or lungs causing the pain.

• #1 2025 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code M94.0: Chondrocostal junction syndrome [Tietze]

  https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M91-M94/M94-/M94.0

  M94.0 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. […] Applicable To Costochondritis […] Clinical Information A benign inflammation of one or more of the costal cartilages. […] Costochondritis M94.0.

• #1 Musculoskeletal chest wall pain

  https://www.racgp.org.au/afp/2015/august/musculoskeletal-chest-wall-pain

  In one general practice sample, costochondritis, also known as costosternal syndrome and anterior chest wall syndrome, was the most common specific cause of anterior musculoskeletal chest pain, with a prevalence of 13%. Patients with costochondritis typically present with multiple areas of tenderness without swelling over the costochondral or costosternal junctions, palpation of which reproduces their pain. Most commonly, the cause is unknown. It differs from the rarer Tietzes disease, which typically involves only one area with associated painful, localised swelling. […] Costochondritis: Tenderness in multiple areas over the costochondral or costosternal junctions; palpation reproduces the pain No associated swelling; mostly affects 2nd to 5th ribs. […] The evidence base for interventions specifically targeting MCWP is very limited. A lack of clinical trials for costochondritis treatments and only low-level or consensus evidence for currently accepted treatment approaches. As far as we are aware, costochondritis is usually a self-limiting, benign condition and treatment, therefore, begins with reassurance and explanation of the condition to the patient.

• #1 Tietze Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23565-tietze-syndrome

  If you go to your healthcare provider with chest pain, theyll check first to make sure it isnt a heart attack. After ruling that out, theyll carefully review your symptoms and examine your chest. Theyll follow up with imaging tests to look for inflammation and signs of injury inside your chest. Healthcare providers diagnose Tietzes disease when theyve ruled out other possible causes for your symptoms. […] Tests might include: […] Chest X-ray […] CT scan […] MRI […] Ultrasound […] Electrocardiogram (EKG) […] Biopsy […] The biggest challenge with Tietzes disease may be getting the right diagnosis. Its rare and resembles many other conditions. Your provider will have to rule these out before diagnosing Tietze syndrome.

• #1 Can early diagnosis and management of costochondritis reduce acute chest pain admissions? | The Journal of Rheumatology

  https://www.jrheum.org/content/31/11/2269

  OBJECTIVE: We identified patients presenting with chest pain diagnosed as costochondritis by a consultant rheumatologist. The time taken to diagnosis was determined and the influence of diagnosis on subsequent management was assessed. […] The mean time to diagnosis was 9.4 (0-57) months. […] In this study admission and investigation rates were significantly reduced following rheumatological review. The findings suggest early review may improve patient care and reduce expenditure; in recurrent cases of costochondritis, sulfasalazine may be of additional longterm benefit.

• #1 Costochondritis: Symptoms and Treatment | Doctor

  https://patient.info/doctor/costochondritis-and-tietzes-syndrome

  Diagnosis can usually be made by careful history and examination. […] Investigations may be required to rule out other possible causes of chest pain: ECG to exclude cardiovascular conditions; also where relevant troponin, coronary angiography, etc. […] CXR to exclude other pathologies. […] Ultrasound may have a role in assessment and diagnosis. […] Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or PET may be useful for some patients. […] Tietze syndrome may show elevated CRP or ESR. […] In patients with persistent symptoms of costochondritis and no response to analgesia, SAPHO (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis) should be considered as a possible diagnosis – this is a rare self-limiting disease of unknown aetiology lasting 4-5 years on average.

• #1 Costochondritis: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Prevention

  https://www.nanavatimaxhospital.org/blogs/costochondritis-management

  Costochondritis Diagnosis […] The diagnosis of costochondritis typically involves a combination of a thorough medical history review, physical examination and ruling out other possible causes of chest pain. Here’s how costochondritis is commonly diagnosed: […] Medical History: The healthcare provider will inquire about symptoms, including location, intensity and duration of chest pain, as well as recent injuries or respiratory infections. […] Physical Examination: A doctor will assess the chest area, palpating for tenderness or swelling to differentiate costochondritis from heart-related issues. […] Imaging Tests: Usually unnecessary, but imaging tests like X-rays or CT scans may be ordered if other conditions are suspected or symptoms are atypical. […] Ruling Out Other Causes: Tests like an electrocardiogram (ECG), blood tests or lung function tests may be conducted to exclude heart, lung or gastrointestinal causes of chest pain. […] Referral if needed: In complex cases or uncertain diagnoses, a specialist (e.g., rheumatologist or cardiologist) may be consulted for further evaluation and management.

• #2 Costochondritis: diagnosis and treatment – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19817327/

  Costochondritis, an inflammation of costochondral junctions of ribs or chondrosternal joints of the anterior chest wall, is a common condition seen in patients presenting to the physician’s office and emergency department. […] History and physical examination of the chest that document reproducible pain by palpation over the costal cartilages are usually all that is needed to make the diagnosis in children, adolescents, and young adults. […] Patients older than 35 years, those with a history or risk of coronary artery disease, and any patient with cardiopulmonary symptoms should have an electrocardiograph and possibly a chest radiograph. […] Consider further testing to rule out cardiac causes if clinically indicated by age or cardiac risk status.

• #2 Costochondritis – Knowledge @ AMBOSS

  https://www.amboss.com/us/knowledge/costochondritis/

  Diagnosis is clinical, based primarily on reproducible pain upon palpation of the affected joints, and is supported with physical examination maneuvers. […] Diagnostic testing is performed to rule out other causes of chest pain. […] Clinical diagnosis, primarily based on: Reproducible pain on palpation. […] Positive results of provocative tests to reproduce pain, e.g.: Crowing rooster maneuver, Crossed-chest adduction maneuver. […] Exclusion of other causes of chest pain. […] Perform a thorough clinical evaluation (including cardiac examination and pulmonary examination). […] Consider diagnostic studies, e.g.: ECG if concern for cardiovascular causes of chest pain (e.g., existing CAD or risk factors for CAD). […] CXR in patients with pulmonary symptoms (e.g., dyspnea) or signs of infection (e.g., fever). […] Pain on chest wall palpation does not exclude an underlying cardiac cause. Most patients require diagnostic studies, including ECG, to exclude immediately life-threatening causes of chest pain.

• #2 Costochondritis: Rapid Evidence Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/0700/p73.html

  Costochondritis is a common cause of chest pain. […] The diagnosis of costochondritis is largely based on history and a physical examination that demonstrates reproduction of pain through palpation of the parasternal region of the chest wall, performance of a crowing rooster maneuver, and/or a crossed-chest adduction maneuver. […] The differential diagnosis for patients with chest pain is broad and must be carefully considered before settling on a diagnosis of costochondritis. […] There are no laboratory tests, imaging tests, or electrocardiography findings specifically for the diagnosis of costochondritis. […] The typical presentation of costochondritis is bilateral parasternal chest wall pain exacerbated by deep breaths, coughing, and stretching. […] Pain reproduced by the following maneuvers has classically proven helpful: direct palpation to the involved costosternal or costochondral junction; the crowing rooster maneuver; and crossed-chest adduction of the ipsilateral arm combined with neck rotation toward the ipsilateral shoulder. […] Because the clinical examination lacks specificity, most patients with chest pain still need a thorough evaluation, including electrocardiography at a minimum, to rule out other more serious causes.

• #2 Costochondritis: What It Is, Causes, FAQs & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22167-costochondritis

  Diagnosing costochondritis is usually a diagnosis of elimination. This means a healthcare provider might do an exam and perform tests to rule out other, more serious conditions before diagnosing costochondritis. […] Your provider will diagnose costochondritis with a physical exam. […] They might press on your chest to feel how sensitive you are and to pinpoint where your pain is most intense (localized). […] You might need a blood test to check for infections or other issues. […] Theres no imaging test that can diagnose costochondritis. But your provider may use some imaging tests to rule out other causes of rib pain. The most common tests include: Chest X-ray, A computed tomography (CT) scan, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Ultrasound, Electrocardiogram (EKG).

• #2 Costochondritis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costochondritis

  Costochondritis is predominately a clinical diagnosis only after life-threatening conditions have been ruled out, with physical examination and medical history being considered. […] Before a costochondritis diagnosis is made, other serious causes of chest pain are investigated. […] A physical exam will assess for tenderness or pain upon palpation, with an absence of heat, erythema, or swelling. […] The physical exam may assess if the pain is worsened with movements of the upper body or breathing, and may be reproduced upon using the crowing rooster maneuver, the hooking maneuver, or the horizontal flexion maneuver. […] Medical history is considered in diagnosing costochondritis, such as inquiry regarding any recent trauma, coughing, exercise, or activity involving the upper body that may have caused the symptoms.

• #2 Costochondritis Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/costochondritis-tietzes-syndrome-2548833

  Costochondritis is typically diagnosed based on a review of your symptoms and medical history, a physical exam, and the exclusion of all other causes. There is no single test that can diagnose costochondritis and those ordered are often used to rule out mimicking conditions. […] As part of the evaluation, the healthcare provider may perform in-office manipulations, such as the „crowing rooster maneuver” (in which both of your hands are clasped behind your head) and „cross-chest adduction” (in which your arm is pulled horizontally across the chest) to see if they trigger costochondritis symptoms. […] Other tests may be used as part of the evaluation, including: Complete blood count (CBC) to check for signs of infection, C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) tests to check for signs of generalized inflammation in your blood, Chest X-ray to check for possible chest or lung injury, Chest computed tomography (CT) to detect lung or heart abnormalities, Electrocardiogram (ECG) to check for abnormal heart activity.

• #2 Costochondritis: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000164.htm

  Your health care provider will take your medical history and do a physical exam. The area where the ribs meet the breastbone is checked. If this area is tender and sore, costochondritis is the most likely cause of your chest pain. […] A chest x-ray may be done if your symptoms are severe or do not improve with treatment. […] Your provider may also order tests to check for other conditions, such as a heart attack.

• #2 Costochondritis – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice

  https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/300?locale=de

  Costochondritis presents with insidious onset of anterior chest-wall pain exacerbated by certain movements of the chest and deep inspiration. […] Key sign is pain on palpation of costochondral joints (particularly the second to the fifth). […] Clinical diagnosis. […] Tests used to rule out conditions with a similar presentation. […] History and exam […] Key diagnostic factors […] presence of risk factors […] chest pain […] chest-wall tenderness. […] Other diagnostic factors […] chest-wall swelling. […] 1st investigations to order […] non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug trial. […] Investigations to consider […] local anaesthetic and corticosteroid trial […] chest x-ray […] CT chest […] MRI chest […] wound or blood cultures.

• #2 What is Costochondritis? Symptoms, Causes and Diagnosis | Ganesh Diagnostic

  https://www.ganeshdiagnostic.com/blog/what-is-costochondritis-symptoms-causes-and-diagnosis

  Costochondritis is a situation that causes inflammation of the cartilage connecting the ribs to the breastbone. […] A doctor will examine the chest by pressing the Costochondral joints to check for tenderness and swelling. […] If your doctor recommended the imaging test you’ve to go for it, although Costochondritis does not require any imaging test. […] Your doctor may recommend you any of these tests: X-ray – Helps to detect fractures and lung infections. […] CT Scan – This helps to provide detailed images of bones and soft issues to avoid any type of abnormalities. […] MRI – It is used to detect inflammation and evaluate the tissue’s damage. […] Ultrasounds: May be used to see the fluid buildup or inflammation in the affected area. […] Blood test: It is maybe used to detect the infection or other inflammatory infection. […] If you’re having symptoms of Costochondritis, you can directly book your scan to evaluate and detect the disease, early detection can help you in better health.

• #2 Costochondritis Workup: Approach Considerations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/808554-workup

  No specific laboratory or imaging studies exist for identifying costochondritis. The workup is directed toward excluding cardiac disorders and other causes of chest pain. For the initial imaging in patients with acute nonspecific chest pain with low probability of coronary artery disease (CAD), the American College of Radiology (ACR) considers that chest radiography and coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) with intravenous contrast are usually appropriate to exclude CAD. […] On bone scans, increased uptake at the costochondral junctions is not specific for costochondritis. However, bone scans can rule out stress fracture. […] Ultrasound is useful in differentiating costochondritis from other causes of atypical chest pain such as Tietze syndrome, pleural disease, and primary or metastatic tumors.

• #2 Costochondritis | PM&R KnowledgeNow

  https://now.aapmr.org/costochondritis/

  Costochondritis is a type of musculoskeletal anterior chest wall syndrome. It is described as an atypical, noncardiac chest pain of the costosternal joints or the costochondral junctions. […] There is no specific laboratory test to diagnose costochondritis. Positive laboratory inflammation markers such as elevated CRP, ESR, and WBC count may indicate signs of infection, prolonged inflammation, and edema, which warrant further investigation. […] Imaging is not required to diagnose costochondritis; however, imaging can be utilized to eliminate differential diagnoses. […] There are no specific assessment tools required for the diagnosis of costochondritis. It is primarily a clinical diagnosis. […] Symptoms usually resolve within one to two months but may last for up to one year. There is insufficient data to show recurrence rates of similar presentations.

• #2 Costochondritis Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/costochondritis-tietzes-syndrome-2548833

  Central to the diagnosis of costochondritis is the differential diagnosis. This is the process used to investigate and weed out other possible causes of your symptoms. […] To definitively diagnose costochondritis, a healthcare provider will want to exclude, among other things: Myocardial infarction: Also known as a heart attack, Pneumonia: The obstruction of the tiny air sacs of the lungs (alveoli) by fluid or pus, Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): A chronic and often severe form of acid reflux, Heart failure: When the heart is unable to pump enough blood to service the body’s needs, Pericarditis: Inflammation of the sac covering the heart muscle (pericardium), Pulmonary embolism: When a block clot breaks off and gets lodged in the lungs, Aortic dissection: When a tear occurs in the inner layer of the body’s main artery (aorta), Panic attack: An episode of extreme panic that can replicate signs of a heart attack.

• #2 Costochondritis: Diagnosis and Treatment | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0915/p617.html

  Patients older than 35 years, those with a history or risk of coronary artery disease, and patients with cardio-pulmonary symptoms should have electrocardiography and, possibly, chest radiography. […] Routine laboratory testing is not necessary in patients with suspected costochondritis unless the diagnosis is uncertain or if fever or signs of inflammation are present.

• #2 Causes, symptoms, and treatment of Costochondritis

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318797

  Doctors often diagnose costochondritis by ruling out other potential causes of the chest pain and discomfort connected with the condition. […] A doctor will perform a physical examination to detect tenderness of the cartilage to the touch. If a person is having a heart attack or has another type of heart condition, the cartilage in the chest is not usually sensitive to the touch. […] There is no specific test to diagnose costochondritis. […] However, a doctor will usually make a diagnosis based on a combination of a physical examination, medical history, and additional tests (to rule out other conditions).

• #2 Costochondritis ICD-10-CM Codes | 2025

  https://www.carepatron.com/icd/costochondritis

  Costochondritis is an inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the breastbone (sternum), often involving the chondrocostal junction. Accurate documentation of costochondritis is important for proper patient care, billing, and medical reporting. […] Costochondritis primarily causes localized anterior chest pain that can be reproduced by palpating the chondrocostal junction or ribcage. To prevent misdiagnosis, it is important to distinguish this condition from other bone or joint disorders, such as juvenile osteochondrosis, slipped upper femoral epiphysis, or unspecified hip pathologies. […] Use ICD-10 code M94.0 when diagnosing Tietze’s syndrome or costochondritis with visible swelling. This indicates inflammation at the chondrocostal junction (where the ribs meet the sternum) causing localized chest wall pain and tenderness.

• #2 SAPHO—a diagnosis to consider in patients with refractory costochondritis | Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation | Full Text

  https://erar.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s43166-022-00144-y

  Forty-seven-year-old female presented with a 7-year history of costochondral pain. […] The diagnosis was established by imaging, with complete resolution after zoledronic acid infusion. SAPHO is a differential diagnosis in patients with chronic costochondritis. […] Persistence of symptoms and poor response to treatment with NSAID should raise suspicion for this diagnosis even in the absence of the typical skin features.

• #2 Costochondritis: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.health.com/costochondritis-7562886

  Costochondritis is a condition characterized by pain in the chest wall due to inflammation of the costal cartilage, which connects the rib to the breastbone. […] No specific test is available for the diagnosis of costochondritis. Your healthcare provider will likely ask about your medical history and perform a physical examination to diagnose costochondritis. They also check for signs of tenderness in the region where the ribs meet the breastbone. […] Generally, diagnosis of costochondritis involves a process of elimination. Since chest pain is a symptom associated with many conditions, it is important to rule out more severe and potentially life-threatening causes. A few tests can be used to eliminate other causes of chest pain. […] Lab tests such as blood or urine tests are not essential for the diagnosis of costochondritis. However, they can help to determine if the chest pain is for some other conditions such as pneumonia or acute coronary syndrome.

• #2 Costochondritis: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.health.com/costochondritis-7562886

  Chest X-rays cannot be used to determine if you have costochondritis. However, they can help to rule out lung conditions such as spontaneous pneumothorax, pneumonia, or others. […] An ECG can help to determine if chest pain is occurring due to heart disease or other conditions affecting the heart.

• #2 Costochondritis: Symptoms, Causes, Tests, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/costochondritis

  While theres no test to diagnose costochondritis, your doctor will most likely ask a series of questions and do a series of tests to determine the source of your chest pain. […] Typically, lab tests arent needed to diagnose costochondritis, but depending on your personal health history, your doctor may do some tests to see if your chest pain could be due to other issues like pneumonia or coronary heart disease. […] Your doctor may want you to get an X-ray to make sure theres nothing abnormal going out with your lungs. […] If youre dealing with costochondritis, your X-ray should look normal. They may also recommend an electrocardiogram (ECG) to make sure your heart isnt the cause of your chest pain. […] Many times, diagnosing costochondritis is a matter of eliminating other possible, more serious causes.

• #3 Costochondritis & Chest Wall Pain | Rib Injury Clinic

  https://www.ribinjuryclinic.com/conditions/costochondritis-other-inflammatory-problems/

  Costochondritis refer to Inflammation of the cartilage junctions of the sternum and ribs typically felt at the costosternal and costochondral joints. It is a relatively common condition seen in adult and patients who develop pain and tenderness at the front of the chest. Its felt over the affected cartilage segments in multiple areas, usually on one, or occasionally both sides of the sternum. The most common sites of pain are the anterior cartilage segments of the 2th to 5th ribs at the front of the chest near where the ribs join the breastbone. This pain increases with activity, moving or twisting or when taking deep breaths. Conversely, it decreases as movement stops or with quiet breathing. The reproducible tenderness but without swelling you feel when you press on the sternal and rib joints (costosternal and costochondral junctions respectively) is a constant feature of costochondritis. Without this tenderness, a diagnosis of costochondritis is unlikely.

• #3 Costochondritis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costochondritis

  Costochondritis is predominately a clinical diagnosis only after life-threatening conditions have been ruled out, with physical examination and medical history being considered. […] Before a costochondritis diagnosis is made, other serious causes of chest pain are investigated. […] A physical exam will assess for tenderness or pain upon palpation, with an absence of heat, erythema, or swelling. […] The physical exam may assess if the pain is worsened with movements of the upper body or breathing, and may be reproduced upon using the crowing rooster maneuver, the hooking maneuver, or the horizontal flexion maneuver. […] Medical history is considered in diagnosing costochondritis, such as inquiry regarding any recent trauma, coughing, exercise, or activity involving the upper body that may have caused the symptoms.

• #3 Costochondritis – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice

  https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/300?locale=de

  Costochondritis presents with insidious onset of anterior chest-wall pain exacerbated by certain movements of the chest and deep inspiration. […] Key sign is pain on palpation of costochondral joints (particularly the second to the fifth). […] Clinical diagnosis. […] Tests used to rule out conditions with a similar presentation. […] History and exam […] Key diagnostic factors […] presence of risk factors […] chest pain […] chest-wall tenderness. […] Other diagnostic factors […] chest-wall swelling. […] 1st investigations to order […] non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug trial. […] Investigations to consider […] local anaesthetic and corticosteroid trial […] chest x-ray […] CT chest […] MRI chest […] wound or blood cultures.

• #3 Costochondritis: Symptoms, Causes, Tests, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/costochondritis

  While theres no test to diagnose costochondritis, your doctor will most likely ask a series of questions and do a series of tests to determine the source of your chest pain. […] Typically, lab tests arent needed to diagnose costochondritis, but depending on your personal health history, your doctor may do some tests to see if your chest pain could be due to other issues like pneumonia or coronary heart disease. […] Your doctor may want you to get an X-ray to make sure theres nothing abnormal going out with your lungs. […] If youre dealing with costochondritis, your X-ray should look normal. They may also recommend an electrocardiogram (ECG) to make sure your heart isnt the cause of your chest pain. […] Many times, diagnosing costochondritis is a matter of eliminating other possible, more serious causes.

• #3 Costochondritis: diagnosis and treatment – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19817327/

  Costochondritis, an inflammation of costochondral junctions of ribs or chondrosternal joints of the anterior chest wall, is a common condition seen in patients presenting to the physician’s office and emergency department. […] History and physical examination of the chest that document reproducible pain by palpation over the costal cartilages are usually all that is needed to make the diagnosis in children, adolescents, and young adults. […] Patients older than 35 years, those with a history or risk of coronary artery disease, and any patient with cardiopulmonary symptoms should have an electrocardiograph and possibly a chest radiograph. […] Consider further testing to rule out cardiac causes if clinically indicated by age or cardiac risk status.

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