Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Anal pain // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/symptoms/anal-pain

  Anal pain is pain in and around the anus or rectum, also called the perianal region. Anal pain is a common complaint. Although most causes of anal pain aren’t serious, the pain itself can be severe because of the many nerve endings in the perianal region. […] The causes of anal pain usually can be easily diagnosed. Anal pain usually can be treated with nonprescription pain relievers and hot water soaks, also called sitz baths. […] Make an appointment with your health care team if your pain lasts more than a few days and self-care remedies aren’t helping. Also make an appointment with your team if anal pain comes with a change in bowel habits or rectal bleeding. […] Depending on the cause of your anal pain, there are some measures you can try at home to get relief. They include: Eating more fruits, vegetables and whole grains, and exercising daily. Taking stool softeners, if needed, to help with bowel movements, reduce straining and ease pain. Sitting in a tub of hot water up to your hips, known as a sitz bath, several times a day. This helps ease the pain of hemorrhoids, anal fissures or rectal muscle spasms. Applying nonprescription hemorrhoid cream for hemorrhoids or hydrocortisone cream for anal fissures. Taking a nonprescription pain reliever such as acetaminophen (Tylenol, others), aspirin or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others).

• #2 Anal Pain: What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/anal-pain

  Anal pain is more common than you might think, although people dont always like to talk about it. Most of the causes are temporary and not serious, but some may need treatment to get better. […] Anal pain is a common condition with many possible causes. Most arent serious, but some may require treatment. Its important to acknowledge anal pain and notice if it gets worse or doesnt get better. Dont be embarrassed to consult a healthcare provider about anal pain or seek treatment if you need it. […] In many cases, you can treat anal pain at home. It often goes away within a few days. In other cases, it doesnt get better or gets worse. Its never a bad idea to check in with a healthcare provider about anal pain, especially if its severe, long-lasting or comes with other concerning symptoms, like rectal bleeding.

• #3

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=uh3170

  Pain in the opening to the rectum (anus) can be caused by diarrhea or constipation or by scratching a rectal itch. A common cause of anal pain is a tear in the lining of the lower rectum (anal fissure). This type of anal pain usually goes away when the problem clears up. Injury during anal sex or from an object being placed in the rectum also can cause pain. A rare cause of anal pain is spasms of the muscles in the rectum. Some of these conditions may cause some light bleeding. […] Home treatment usually can relieve anal pain. If you continue to have anal pain, your doctor may prescribe medicine to relieve pain and other symptoms. Depending on the cause, you may need other treatment. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take.

• #4

  https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/anal-pain

  Anal pain can occur before, during, or after a bowel movement. It can range from a mild ache that can get worse over time to pain that is bad enough to restrict daily activities. Anal pain has many causes, most of which are common and treatable. However, if anal pain does not go away within 24 to 48 hours, it is important to see your physician. If fever is present with anal pain, a more urgent appointment is needed. […] Nonsurgical treatment includes warm tub baths (sitz baths), pain medications, and stool softeners. Most experts recommend that the blood clots be removed surgically. This short surgery can be done in the surgeons office or at the hospital under local anesthesia. After the clot is removed, patients feel instant relief. […] The goal of all nonsurgical treatments is to make stools soft, formed, and bulky. One should avoid constipation. Treatments include a high-fiber diet, which may include over-the-counter fiber supplements (25-35 grams of fiber/day); over-the-counter stool softeners; warm tub baths (sitz baths) for 10 to 20 minutes, a few times per day; and several types of medication to help ease bowel movements.

• #5 Common causes of anal or rectal pain, and how to treat them | Digestive | Men’s Health | Prevention | Women’s Health | UT Southwestern Medical Center

  https://utswmed.org/medblog/anal-rectal-pain-causes/

  Common causes and treatments of anal pain […] Anal fissures are one of the most common causes of anal pain we see in our clinic they are commonly self-misdiagnosed as hemorrhoids. These are cuts in the anal tissue that can occur after large, hard stools or profuse diarrhea episodes and can reopen without proper treatment. […] Symptoms: Anal fissures cause burning, throbbing, sharp, and sometimes radiating pain. You may notice a few drops of blood in toilet water or while wiping, but fissures typically dont bleed a lot. […] How theyre diagnosed: Fissures may be visible on a physical exam. The provider may use a small scope, cotton-tipped swab, or gloved finger to assess the tissue. […] Treatment options: Establishing healthier bowel habits is the top treatment option to address the cause of trauma. Moderate to severe fissures may require medication to help relax the external sphincter and anal muscles to encourage healing without reopening the wound on every bowel movement.

• #6 Anal Pain: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.anal-pain-care-instructions.uh3170

  Pain in the opening to the rectum (anus) can be caused by diarrhea or constipation or by scratching a rectal itch. A common cause of anal pain is a tear in the lining of the lower rectum (anal fissure). This type of anal pain usually goes away when the problem clears up. Injury during anal sex or from an object being placed in the rectum also can cause pain. A rare cause of anal pain is spasms of the muscles in the rectum. Some of these conditions may cause some light bleeding. […] Home treatment usually can relieve anal pain. If you continue to have anal pain, your doctor may prescribe medicine to relieve pain and other symptoms. Depending on the cause, you may need other treatment. […] Use baby wipes or medicated pads, such as Preparation H or Tucks, instead of toilet paper to clean after a bowel movement. These products do not irritate the anus. […] Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if: You have new or worse pain. You have new or worse bleeding from the rectum.

• #7 Anal Pain: Office Diagnosis and Treatment

  https://www.patientcareonline.com/view/anal-pain-office-diagnosis-and-treatment

  Patients almost always believe that their anorectal problems are caused by hemorrhoids, regardless of the nature of their symptoms. […] anal pain frequently has a nonhemorrhoidal cause. In fact, 95% of patients who complain of anal pain have one of the following 3 conditions: anal fissure, thrombosed hemorrhoid, or anorectal abscess. […] An anal fissure is simply a tear in the anoderm. […] The pain causes sphincter spasm and anal hypertonia, and thus begins a vicious circle of pain, spasm, and constipation. […] Standard treatment includes stool softeners, such as methylcellulose or dietary fiber. Warm sitz baths seem to provide comfort and may relax the anal spasm and provide gentle anal cleansing following bowel movements. […] If the fissure does not heal or if the pain does not diminish substantially over the next 2 to 3 weeks, a more aggressive approach is justified.

• #8

  https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/anal-pain

  Anal pain can occur before, during, or after a bowel movement. It can range from a mild ache that can get worse over time to pain that is bad enough to restrict daily activities. Anal pain has many causes, most of which are common and treatable. However, if anal pain does not go away within 24 to 48 hours, it is important to see your physician. If fever is present with anal pain, a more urgent appointment is needed. […] Nonsurgical treatment includes warm tub baths (sitz baths), pain medications, and stool softeners. Most experts recommend that the blood clots be removed surgically. This short surgery can be done in the surgeons office or at the hospital under local anesthesia. After the clot is removed, patients feel instant relief. […] The goal of all nonsurgical treatments is to make stools soft, formed, and bulky. One should avoid constipation. Treatments include a high-fiber diet, which may include over-the-counter fiber supplements (25-35 grams of fiber/day); over-the-counter stool softeners; warm tub baths (sitz baths) for 10 to 20 minutes, a few times per day; and several types of medication to help ease bowel movements.

• #9 Anal pain – rectal pain, fissures, symptoms and treatments | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anal-pain

  Anal pain is pain that you get in your anus (bottom). […] Anal pain can be caused by many different things including anal fissures (small tears in the skin that line your anus) and haemorrhoids (swollen veins in your lower rectum and anus). […] See your doctor if your anal pain doesn’t get better after a couple of days. […] While your treatment will depend on what is causing your anal pain, there are things you can do at home to help ease the pain. […] Your treatment will depend on what is causing your anal pain. […] There are things you can do at home that may help ease anal pain, such as: taking paracetamol, taking a short warm bath (sitz bath) to ease the pain you can do this several times a day, putting an ice pack in a towel and placing it where it hurts do this for 20 minutes every 2 to 3 hours, wiping your bottom with damp toilet paper.

• #10 Rectal Bleeding & Rectal Pain: Causes & Treatment | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/general-surgery/colorectal/rectal-bleeding-rectal-pain

  To reduce pain, take care of the skin around your anus. […] Wipe gently or clean the area with warm water from a squirt bottle then pat the area dry. […] Soak in a warm bath or take a sitz bath. A sitz bath is sitting in a few inches of warm bath water. Soaking for 10 minutes twice a day can provide relief. It can also help the area stay clean. […] Place an ice pack on your anus to get more immediate pain relief. Use the ice for 15 to 20 minutes at a time. Keep a cloth between the ice and your skin to prevent skin damage. […] You can use these over the counter medicines to relieve your symptoms: […] Apply witch hazel (Tucks, Preparation-H pads, and the like) after bowel movements. […] Use Dibucaine one percent ointment (over-the-counter) twice daily as you need it. You should only use this, however, a week at a time. […] Use Phenylephrine 0.25 percent ointment (Preparation-H) after bowel movements for up to two weeks.

• #11 Ano-rectal Pain – Memorial Radiation Oncology Medical Group

  https://www.memorialradonc.com/ano-rectal-pain/

  Radiation-induced ano-rectal pain refers to discomfort or pain in the anal and rectal regions resulting from radiation therapy. This occurs because radiation can cause inflammation and irritation of the sensitive tissues lining the anus and rectum. Typically, this pain may start to develop 3-4 weeks after the beginning of radiation treatment, as the cumulative effects of radiation begin to impact the healthy cells in the treatment area. […] Ano-rectal pain can vary in intensity and may present alongside other symptoms. Heres what you might experience: […] Discomfort or Pain in the Anal and Rectal Area: Usually starts 3-4 weeks into radiation therapy. Symptoms: Sensations of soreness, burning, or sharp pain during bowel movements or at rest. […] Increased Sensitivity: Symptoms: Tenderness in the area; discomfort when sitting or during physical activity.

• #12 Anal Fissure: What It Is, Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/13177-anal-fissures

  An anal fissure is a crack or tear in the lining of your anal canal. Its a common cause of anal pain and rectal bleeding, especially during bowel movements (pooping). […] Most people but not all feel pain with an anal fissure. They feel it most when pooping, but it can last for minutes to several hours after. They describe it as sharp, tearing, cutting or burning. […] While hemorrhoids are more common, anal fissures are more commonly the cause of anal pain. Hemorrhoids dont always cause pain, but 90% of fissures do. However, the pain from a fissure usually occurs in episodes, while hemorrhoid pain can be constant. […] Most do. These are acute anal fissures (temporary). They might not need any treatment at all, beyond self-care. […] Most anal fissures heal within a few days to weeks. A chronic anal fissure lasts more than eight weeks.

• #13 Anal fissure | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/anal-fissure

  An anal fissure is a tear or split in the lining of the anus (anal mucosa). […] The symptoms and signs include pain when passing a bowel motion and bright red blood from the anus. […] The symptoms and signs of an anal fissure may include: anal pain, pain when passing a motion and for some time afterwards, bright red blood from the anus, blood on the surface of stools, blood smears on the toilet paper. […] Medical treatment for an anal fissure may include: pain-relieving medication, laxatives, anaesthetic creams, nitroglycerin creams or Botox injections to relax the associated muscle spasm, surgery. […] Severe anal fissures need to be surgically corrected. […] Be guided by your health care professional, but general suggestions include: Apply petroleum jelly to the anus, See your chemist for advice on ointments specific for anal pain, Take regular sitz (salt bath) baths, which involves sitting in a shallow bath of warm water for around 20 minutes.

• #14 Does a Thrombosed Hemorrhoid Go Away By Itself?: Betsy F. Clemens, M.D.: Board Certified Physician

  https://www.mwhtc-stl.com/blog/does-a-thrombosed-hemorrhoid-go-away-by-itself

  The anal pain is unbearable, and sitting is impossible because it feels like you have a sharp pebble stuck in your pants. […] You can also expect pain with a thrombosed hemorrhoid, which is usually severe, especially during the first day or two. Sitting, walking, and going to the bathroom may worsen your pain. […] Thrombosed hemorrhoids also make sitting uncomfortable because it feels like you have a pebble in your pants. […] Over-the-counter (OTC) pain medication and hemorrhoid cream may ease the discomfort. For pain management, you can also soak your bottom in warm water (sitz bath) for 15 minutes daily. […] You should also get medical care if you want to avoid the excruciating pain that comes with thrombosed hemorrhoids. […] If you want relief from your anal pain, give us a call at 314-669-2758 and schedule a consultation with Dr. Clemens.

• #15 Evaluation and Management of Common Anorectal Conditions | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2012/0315/p624.html

  Anorectal pain may be caused by a fissure, an abscess, thrombosed external hemorrhoids, proctitis, perineal sepsis, or proctalgia fugax. Patients liken anal fissure pain to passing shards of glass, and may have bright red blood in the stool. Physical examination may not be possible, although the fissure will be visible by gently effacing the anus. The physician should distinguish whether the fissure is acute (i.e., present for less than three months and looks like a laceration) or chronic (i.e., present for three months or more and is indurated, fibrotic, and has an anal skin tag or polyp). Chronic fissures tend not to respond to medical management, and eventually will require a lateral internal sphincterotomy to heal. Fissures located off-midline indicate an atypical etiology, such as Crohn disease, tuberculosis, leukemia, or human immunodeficiency virus. These fissures necessitate referral to a subspecialist.

• #16 Evaluation and Management of Common Anorectal Conditions | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2012/0315/p624.html

  Proctalgia fugax is a sudden severe pain in the rectum lasting seconds or minutes. The pain is sporadic and has no inciting trigger. The cause may be spasm of the internal anal sphincter. Various treatments have been described, including benzodiazepines, onabotulinumtoxinA, intravenous lidocaine (Xylocaine) infusion, sacral nerve stimulation, and pudendal nerve block. However, there is scant evidence that any of these treatments are effective. […] Thrombosed hemorrhoids are treated with hemorrhoidectomy if symptoms have been present for less than 72 hours, otherwise hemorrhoidectomy is likely to cause more discomfort than it relieves. The hemorrhoidectomy procedure has been described previously in American Family Physician. If the patient has symptoms for 72 hours or more, stool softeners and sitz baths will provide symptomatic relief. Any suspicious looking mass or lesion should be biopsied or evaluated by a subspecialist. Family physicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for anal cancer.

• #17 Common causes of anal or rectal pain, and how to treat them | Digestive | Men’s Health | Prevention | Women’s Health | UT Southwestern Medical Center

  https://utswmed.org/medblog/anal-rectal-pain-causes/

  Common causes and treatments of anal pain […] Anal fissures are one of the most common causes of anal pain we see in our clinic they are commonly self-misdiagnosed as hemorrhoids. These are cuts in the anal tissue that can occur after large, hard stools or profuse diarrhea episodes and can reopen without proper treatment. […] Symptoms: Anal fissures cause burning, throbbing, sharp, and sometimes radiating pain. You may notice a few drops of blood in toilet water or while wiping, but fissures typically dont bleed a lot. […] How theyre diagnosed: Fissures may be visible on a physical exam. The provider may use a small scope, cotton-tipped swab, or gloved finger to assess the tissue. […] Treatment options: Establishing healthier bowel habits is the top treatment option to address the cause of trauma. Moderate to severe fissures may require medication to help relax the external sphincter and anal muscles to encourage healing without reopening the wound on every bowel movement.

• #18 Common causes of anal or rectal pain, and how to treat them | Digestive | Men’s Health | Prevention | Women’s Health | UT Southwestern Medical Center

  https://utswmed.org/medblog/anal-rectal-pain-causes/

  Pruritis ani […] Symptoms: Itchiness and burning with wiping are common, and sometimes blood can be seen on toilet paper. […] Treatment options: To determine the cause, the provider will give you a list of things to remove from your diet or environment. Most of the time pruritis ani is caused by moisture, in which zinc oxide ointments are beneficial. In the event pruritis ani is a severe case, your provider may recommend prescription-strength medicated ointments. […] Proctitis […] Symptoms: Fecal urgency (feeling as if you have to go all the time), painful bowel movements, left-side pain, rectal bleeding or mucus, diarrhea, and rectal pressure or pain. […] Treatment options: Oral or enema anti-inflammatory medication can soothe irritation. Our first line treatment typically is to prescribe a sucralfate enema, which coats the lining of the rectum to help soothe and reduce inflammation.

• #19 Anal Pain: What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/anal-pain

  A healthcare provider will ask questions about your symptoms and examine your anus, if necessary, to diagnose the cause of your anal pain. The treatment will depend on the cause. In many cases, theyll advise the same home treatments listed above. But some more complicated conditions might require: Antibiotics, antivirals or antifungals to treat an infection. […] You can always consult a healthcare provider about anal pain if you arent sure whats causing it or how to treat it. If youve already tried to treat it at home and it hasnt worked, contact a healthcare provider before it gets worse. See a provider right away if you experience any of the following alarming symptoms: Pain thats severe enough to interfere with your daily activities or wake you at night. […] Anal pain can be uncomfortable in more ways than one. Besides your physical discomfort, you may feel reluctant to address your symptom with a healthcare provider. But dont let embarrassment prevent you from getting the care you need. Remember, anal pain isnt unusual, and help is out there.

• #20

  https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/anal-pain

  Although most anal fissures do not require surgery, chronic ones (lasting greater than 6 months) are harder to treat and surgery may be the best option. The goal of surgery is to help the anal sphincter muscle relax, which reduces pain and spasms, allowing the fissure to heal. […] Treatment of the underlying etiology is key for these patients. […] Treatment includes topical or oral antibiotics and antifungal medications. […] Treatment is tied to the results of the skin biopsy and/or physical exam. Early diagnosis is key so treatment can begin as soon as possible. […] If you have pain or anal bleeding that does not go away or gets worse, see a colon and rectal surgeon as soon as possible. The first office visit includes a physical exam, exam of the anal canal with a small, lighted scope (anoscopy) to visualize any abnormal areas, and biopsy of the mass. […] Colon and rectal surgeons are experts in the surgical and non-surgical treatment of diseases of the colon, rectum and anus. They have completed advanced surgical training in the treatment of these diseases as well as full general surgical training.

• #21 Anal Pain for Merrifield and Fair Oaks, Fairfax, Alexandria, Gainesville and Lansdowne, VA | Fairfax Colon & Rectal Surgery, PC | Colon and Rectal Surgeons & Proctologists

  https://www.fairfaxcolorectal.com/service/anal-pain

  Anal pain is a symptom of many anorectal disorders. Though not an easy symptom to discuss with your doctor, you shouldnt ignore your anal pain. At Fairfax Colon Rectal Surgery, PC, the board-certified colon and rectal surgeons specialize in diagnosing and treating anal pain at their offices in Fairfax, Fair Oaks, Alexandria, Gainesville, Woodbridge, and Lansdowne, Virginia. […] Anal pain refers to any discomfort you feel in or around your anus or rectum. The pain may be mild or severe and cause other symptoms such as rectal bleeding. The pain may develop suddenly and resolve quickly or be a chronic or recurring problem. […] You should seek professional help for your anal pain at Fairfax Colon Rectal Surgery, PC, if your discomfort fails to go away within a day or two or you have other concerning symptoms such as rectal bleeding or fever. Your provider at FCRS performs a thorough history and physical to determine the underlying cause of your anal pain. They review your symptoms, medical history, family history, and bowel habits. Your provider does a physical examination, including a digital rectal exam. They may also perform an anoscopy, an endoscopic procedure that allows your provider to evaluate the lining of your anus and rectum. […] Treatment for your anal pain depends on the cause. Your provider at FCRS talks to you about their findings and treatment recommendations. Treatment for anal pain may include: […] In some cases, your provider may recommend surgery to correct the root cause of your anal pain to ease symptoms.

• #22 Evaluation and Management of Common Anorectal Conditions | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2012/0315/p624.html

  Anorectal pain may be caused by a fissure, an abscess, thrombosed external hemorrhoids, proctitis, perineal sepsis, or proctalgia fugax. Patients liken anal fissure pain to passing shards of glass, and may have bright red blood in the stool. Physical examination may not be possible, although the fissure will be visible by gently effacing the anus. The physician should distinguish whether the fissure is acute (i.e., present for less than three months and looks like a laceration) or chronic (i.e., present for three months or more and is indurated, fibrotic, and has an anal skin tag or polyp). Chronic fissures tend not to respond to medical management, and eventually will require a lateral internal sphincterotomy to heal. Fissures located off-midline indicate an atypical etiology, such as Crohn disease, tuberculosis, leukemia, or human immunodeficiency virus. These fissures necessitate referral to a subspecialist.

• #23 Evaluation and Management of Common Anorectal Conditions | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2012/0315/p624.html

  Anorectal pain may be caused by a fissure, an abscess, thrombosed external hemorrhoids, proctitis, perineal sepsis, or proctalgia fugax. Patients liken anal fissure pain to passing shards of glass, and may have bright red blood in the stool. Physical examination may not be possible, although the fissure will be visible by gently effacing the anus. The physician should distinguish whether the fissure is acute (i.e., present for less than three months and looks like a laceration) or chronic (i.e., present for three months or more and is indurated, fibrotic, and has an anal skin tag or polyp). Chronic fissures tend not to respond to medical management, and eventually will require a lateral internal sphincterotomy to heal. Fissures located off-midline indicate an atypical etiology, such as Crohn disease, tuberculosis, leukemia, or human immunodeficiency virus. These fissures necessitate referral to a subspecialist.

• #24 2 Hemorrhoids Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/hemorrhoids-nursing-care-plans/

  Use this nursing care plan and management guide to help care for patients with hemorrhoids. Enhance your understanding of nursing assessment, interventions, goals, and nursing diagnosis, all specifically tailored to address the unique needs of individuals facing hemorrhoids. […] Nursing management of hemorrhoids depends on the type and severity of the hemorrhoid and on the patients overall condition. Treatment includes measures to ease pain, combat swelling and congestion, and regulation of the patients bowel habits. Patient care includes preoperative and postoperative support. […] The following are the nursing priorities for patients with hemorrhoids: Alleviate pain and discomfort associated with hemorrhoids. […] Assess for the following subjective and objective data: Severe, exquisite rectal pain.

• #25 2 Hemorrhoids Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/hemorrhoids-nursing-care-plans/

  Use this nursing care plan and management guide to help care for patients with hemorrhoids. Enhance your understanding of nursing assessment, interventions, goals, and nursing diagnosis, all specifically tailored to address the unique needs of individuals facing hemorrhoids. […] Nursing management of hemorrhoids depends on the type and severity of the hemorrhoid and on the patients overall condition. Treatment includes measures to ease pain, combat swelling and congestion, and regulation of the patients bowel habits. Patient care includes preoperative and postoperative support. […] The following are the nursing priorities for patients with hemorrhoids: Alleviate pain and discomfort associated with hemorrhoids. […] Assess for the following subjective and objective data: Severe, exquisite rectal pain.

• #26 2 Hemorrhoids Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/hemorrhoids-nursing-care-plans/

  Use this nursing care plan and management guide to help care for patients with hemorrhoids. Enhance your understanding of nursing assessment, interventions, goals, and nursing diagnosis, all specifically tailored to address the unique needs of individuals facing hemorrhoids. […] Nursing management of hemorrhoids depends on the type and severity of the hemorrhoid and on the patients overall condition. Treatment includes measures to ease pain, combat swelling and congestion, and regulation of the patients bowel habits. Patient care includes preoperative and postoperative support. […] The following are the nursing priorities for patients with hemorrhoids: Alleviate pain and discomfort associated with hemorrhoids. […] Assess for the following subjective and objective data: Severe, exquisite rectal pain.

• #27 2 Hemorrhoids Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/hemorrhoids-nursing-care-plans/

  After thorough assessment, nursing diagnoses are formulated to address the challenges of hemorrhoids, guided by the nurses clinical judgment and understanding of the patients unique condition. […] Acute Pain related to tissue irritation and inflammation in the rectal area as evidenced by patient reports of sharp pain during defecation and observed guarding behavior. […] Goals and expected outcomes may include: The patient will have intact skin with no signs or symptoms of rectal prolapse or bleeding. […] Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with hemorrhoids may include: Assess the patient for the presence of hemorrhoids, discomfort or pain associated with hemorrhoids, diet, fluid intake, and presence of constipation. […] Provide a donut cushion for the patient to sit on if needed. Hemorrhoids are exquisitely painful and the patient may not be able to sit in a chair and apply pressure to delicate tissues.

• #28 2 Hemorrhoids Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/hemorrhoids-nursing-care-plans/

  After thorough assessment, nursing diagnoses are formulated to address the challenges of hemorrhoids, guided by the nurses clinical judgment and understanding of the patients unique condition. […] Acute Pain related to tissue irritation and inflammation in the rectal area as evidenced by patient reports of sharp pain during defecation and observed guarding behavior. […] Goals and expected outcomes may include: The patient will have intact skin with no signs or symptoms of rectal prolapse or bleeding. […] Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with hemorrhoids may include: Assess the patient for the presence of hemorrhoids, discomfort or pain associated with hemorrhoids, diet, fluid intake, and presence of constipation. […] Provide a donut cushion for the patient to sit on if needed. Hemorrhoids are exquisitely painful and the patient may not be able to sit in a chair and apply pressure to delicate tissues.

• #29 Nursing Care Plan for Hemorrhoids – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-hemorrhoids/

  Hemorrhoids are swollen blood vessels in the rectal area that can cause discomfort, pain, and rectal bleeding. As a nurse, your role is crucial in the assessment, management, and support of patients with hemorrhoids. This nursing care plan aims to outline evidence-based interventions to assess, manage, and support patients with hemorrhoids. […] The patient may report symptoms such as rectal pain, itching, or discomfort. […] The patient may describe the presence of bleeding during bowel movements. […] Patients may express concerns about the impact of hemorrhoids on their daily activities and quality of life. […] Acute Pain related to inflammation and swelling of hemorrhoids. […] Acute Pain related to inflamed hemorrhoidal tissue as evidenced by the patients report of rectal pain or discomfort.

• #30 2 Hemorrhoids Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/hemorrhoids-nursing-care-plans/

  After thorough assessment, nursing diagnoses are formulated to address the challenges of hemorrhoids, guided by the nurses clinical judgment and understanding of the patients unique condition. […] Acute Pain related to tissue irritation and inflammation in the rectal area as evidenced by patient reports of sharp pain during defecation and observed guarding behavior. […] Goals and expected outcomes may include: The patient will have intact skin with no signs or symptoms of rectal prolapse or bleeding. […] Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with hemorrhoids may include: Assess the patient for the presence of hemorrhoids, discomfort or pain associated with hemorrhoids, diet, fluid intake, and presence of constipation. […] Provide a donut cushion for the patient to sit on if needed. Hemorrhoids are exquisitely painful and the patient may not be able to sit in a chair and apply pressure to delicate tissues.

• #31 2 Hemorrhoids Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/hemorrhoids-nursing-care-plans/

  Administer stool softeners as ordered. Helps prevent straining and increases the pressure that may cause clotted vessels to rupture or cause further hemorrhoids to develop. […] Instruct patient and/or family regarding causes of hemorrhoids, methods of avoiding hemorrhoids, and treatments that can be performed. Hemorrhoids are caused by straining, heavy lifting, obesity, pregnancy, and any activity that distends rectal veins and causes them to prolapse. […] Instruct the patient in activity or exercise programs within the limits of the disease process. Activity promotes peristalsis and stimulates defecation. Exercises help to strengthen the abdominal muscles that aid in defecation.

• #32 Nursing Care Plan for Hemorrhoids – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-hemorrhoids/

  Assess the patients pain level, location, and characteristics regularly. […] Educate the patient about pain management strategies, such as warm sitz baths, topical analgesics, or prescribed pain medications. […] Encourage the patient to avoid straining during bowel movements to minimize pain and prevent the worsening of hemorrhoids. […] Provide education on proper hygiene after bowel movements, including gentle wiping with soft, moist toilet paper or the use of a bidet, to minimize pain and irritation. […] Assess the patients perianal area for signs of inflammation, itching, or excoriation regularly. […] Encourage the patient to avoid scratching or rubbing the affected area to prevent skin breakdown. […] Provide education on the importance of maintaining good perianal hygiene, including regular cleansing with mild soap and water and pat dry.

• #33 Nursing Care Plan for Hemorrhoids – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-hemorrhoids/

  Assess the patients understanding of hemorrhoids, including causes, symptoms, and potential complications. […] Provide education on preventive measures, such as adopting a high-fiber diet, drinking an adequate amount of fluids, and avoiding prolonged sitting or straining during bowel movements. […] Relief of acute pain associated with hemorrhoids. […] The patient experiences a reduction in pain and reports improved comfort.

• #34 2 Hemorrhoids Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/hemorrhoids-nursing-care-plans/

  Administer stool softeners as ordered. Helps prevent straining and increases the pressure that may cause clotted vessels to rupture or cause further hemorrhoids to develop. […] Instruct patient and/or family regarding causes of hemorrhoids, methods of avoiding hemorrhoids, and treatments that can be performed. Hemorrhoids are caused by straining, heavy lifting, obesity, pregnancy, and any activity that distends rectal veins and causes them to prolapse. […] Instruct the patient in activity or exercise programs within the limits of the disease process. Activity promotes peristalsis and stimulates defecation. Exercises help to strengthen the abdominal muscles that aid in defecation.

• #35 Effect of Comprehensive Nursing on Pain Relief, Comfort and Burden of Family Care of Infantile Anal Fistula

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10873142/

  To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing on pain relief, comfort and burden of family care of infantile anal fistula. […] Comprehensive nursing can effectively promote wound healing in infantile anal fistula, reduce pain, prompt children’s comfort, reduce the number of children crying, and reduce the burden of care for children’s families. […] Comprehensive nursing intervention measures play a significant role in improving the nursing effect. Comprehensive nursing intervention is a measure based on conventional nursing that strengthens intervention in the aspects of observation and targeted treatment of children’s condition, maintenance of inpatient environment, health education, psychological counseling, dietary guidance, discharge guidance, etc., aiming to ensure more comprehensive nursing. It can effectively alleviate the pain of children with infantile anal fistula, improve their comfort, soothe their crying mood, and reduce the care burden for their families.

• #36 Effect of Comprehensive Nursing on Pain Relief, Comfort and Burden of Family Care of Infantile Anal Fistula

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10873142/

  To explore the effect of comprehensive nursing on pain relief, comfort and burden of family care of infantile anal fistula. […] Comprehensive nursing can effectively promote wound healing in infantile anal fistula, reduce pain, prompt children’s comfort, reduce the number of children crying, and reduce the burden of care for children’s families. […] Comprehensive nursing intervention measures play a significant role in improving the nursing effect. Comprehensive nursing intervention is a measure based on conventional nursing that strengthens intervention in the aspects of observation and targeted treatment of children’s condition, maintenance of inpatient environment, health education, psychological counseling, dietary guidance, discharge guidance, etc., aiming to ensure more comprehensive nursing. It can effectively alleviate the pain of children with infantile anal fistula, improve their comfort, soothe their crying mood, and reduce the care burden for their families.

• #37 Effect of Comprehensive Nursing on Pain Relief, Comfort and Burden of Family Care of Infantile Anal Fistula

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10873142/

  The results showed that the comfort scores of the observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group after the intervention (P 0.05), indicating the prominent role of comprehensive nursing in effectively reducing the pain of children with anal fistula and soothing their negative emotions. […] Comprehensive nursing can effectively promote wound healing, relieve pain, improve comfort in children with anal fistula, reduce crying frequency and relieve the care burden for family members. Comprehensive nursing plays a positive role in improving the comfort of infantile anal fistula and reducing the burden of family care.

• #38 Anal Pain: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.anal-pain-care-instructions.uh3170

  Pain in the opening to the rectum (anus) can be caused by diarrhea or constipation or by scratching a rectal itch. A common cause of anal pain is a tear in the lining of the lower rectum (anal fissure). This type of anal pain usually goes away when the problem clears up. Injury during anal sex or from an object being placed in the rectum also can cause pain. A rare cause of anal pain is spasms of the muscles in the rectum. Some of these conditions may cause some light bleeding. […] Home treatment usually can relieve anal pain. If you continue to have anal pain, your doctor may prescribe medicine to relieve pain and other symptoms. Depending on the cause, you may need other treatment. […] Use baby wipes or medicated pads, such as Preparation H or Tucks, instead of toilet paper to clean after a bowel movement. These products do not irritate the anus. […] Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if: You have new or worse pain. You have new or worse bleeding from the rectum.

• #39

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=uh3170

  Pain in the opening to the rectum (anus) can be caused by diarrhea or constipation or by scratching a rectal itch. A common cause of anal pain is a tear in the lining of the lower rectum (anal fissure). This type of anal pain usually goes away when the problem clears up. Injury during anal sex or from an object being placed in the rectum also can cause pain. A rare cause of anal pain is spasms of the muscles in the rectum. Some of these conditions may cause some light bleeding. […] Home treatment usually can relieve anal pain. If you continue to have anal pain, your doctor may prescribe medicine to relieve pain and other symptoms. Depending on the cause, you may need other treatment. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take.

• #40 Anal pain // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/symptoms/anal-pain

  Anal pain is pain in and around the anus or rectum, also called the perianal region. Anal pain is a common complaint. Although most causes of anal pain aren’t serious, the pain itself can be severe because of the many nerve endings in the perianal region. […] The causes of anal pain usually can be easily diagnosed. Anal pain usually can be treated with nonprescription pain relievers and hot water soaks, also called sitz baths. […] Make an appointment with your health care team if your pain lasts more than a few days and self-care remedies aren’t helping. Also make an appointment with your team if anal pain comes with a change in bowel habits or rectal bleeding. […] Depending on the cause of your anal pain, there are some measures you can try at home to get relief. They include: Eating more fruits, vegetables and whole grains, and exercising daily. Taking stool softeners, if needed, to help with bowel movements, reduce straining and ease pain. Sitting in a tub of hot water up to your hips, known as a sitz bath, several times a day. This helps ease the pain of hemorrhoids, anal fissures or rectal muscle spasms. Applying nonprescription hemorrhoid cream for hemorrhoids or hydrocortisone cream for anal fissures. Taking a nonprescription pain reliever such as acetaminophen (Tylenol, others), aspirin or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others).

• #41 Rectal Bleeding & Rectal Pain: Causes & Treatment | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/general-surgery/colorectal/rectal-bleeding-rectal-pain

  To reduce pain, take care of the skin around your anus. […] Wipe gently or clean the area with warm water from a squirt bottle then pat the area dry. […] Soak in a warm bath or take a sitz bath. A sitz bath is sitting in a few inches of warm bath water. Soaking for 10 minutes twice a day can provide relief. It can also help the area stay clean. […] Place an ice pack on your anus to get more immediate pain relief. Use the ice for 15 to 20 minutes at a time. Keep a cloth between the ice and your skin to prevent skin damage. […] You can use these over the counter medicines to relieve your symptoms: […] Apply witch hazel (Tucks, Preparation-H pads, and the like) after bowel movements. […] Use Dibucaine one percent ointment (over-the-counter) twice daily as you need it. You should only use this, however, a week at a time. […] Use Phenylephrine 0.25 percent ointment (Preparation-H) after bowel movements for up to two weeks.

• #42

  https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/anal-pain

  Anal pain can occur before, during, or after a bowel movement. It can range from a mild ache that can get worse over time to pain that is bad enough to restrict daily activities. Anal pain has many causes, most of which are common and treatable. However, if anal pain does not go away within 24 to 48 hours, it is important to see your physician. If fever is present with anal pain, a more urgent appointment is needed. […] Nonsurgical treatment includes warm tub baths (sitz baths), pain medications, and stool softeners. Most experts recommend that the blood clots be removed surgically. This short surgery can be done in the surgeons office or at the hospital under local anesthesia. After the clot is removed, patients feel instant relief. […] The goal of all nonsurgical treatments is to make stools soft, formed, and bulky. One should avoid constipation. Treatments include a high-fiber diet, which may include over-the-counter fiber supplements (25-35 grams of fiber/day); over-the-counter stool softeners; warm tub baths (sitz baths) for 10 to 20 minutes, a few times per day; and several types of medication to help ease bowel movements.

• #43 Anal Pain: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.anal-pain-care-instructions.uh3170

  Pain in the opening to the rectum (anus) can be caused by diarrhea or constipation or by scratching a rectal itch. A common cause of anal pain is a tear in the lining of the lower rectum (anal fissure). This type of anal pain usually goes away when the problem clears up. Injury during anal sex or from an object being placed in the rectum also can cause pain. A rare cause of anal pain is spasms of the muscles in the rectum. Some of these conditions may cause some light bleeding. […] Home treatment usually can relieve anal pain. If you continue to have anal pain, your doctor may prescribe medicine to relieve pain and other symptoms. Depending on the cause, you may need other treatment. […] Use baby wipes or medicated pads, such as Preparation H or Tucks, instead of toilet paper to clean after a bowel movement. These products do not irritate the anus. […] Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if: You have new or worse pain. You have new or worse bleeding from the rectum.

• #44 Evaluation and Management of Common Anorectal Conditions | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2012/0315/p624.html

  Treatment of anal fissure starts with stool softeners, fiber, sitz baths, and topical analgesics. Pathophysiology is linked to high resting sphincter tone plus relative ischemia in the posterior midline, so therapies to relax the internal anal sphincter are useful. Topical nitroglycerin 0.2% ointment (compounded by a pharmacist) relaxes the sphincter and enables healing of the fissure. Topical nitroglycerin may cause headache that usually resolves within 30 minutes. Patients using it may become orthostatic, although this is rare. In a randomized clinical trial, 20 units of onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox) injected into the internal anal sphincter was shown to be superior to topical nitroglycerin for the treatment of anal fissure (n = 100; 92 versus 70 percent healed at two months). The only adverse effect was transient incontinence of flatus. Other studies have found favorable results with low-dose calcium channel blockers, such as topical diltiazem 2% and nifedipine 0.5%, or agents that relax the anal sphincter, such as bethanechol 0.1%. All of these treatments require compounding by a pharmacist. Fissures often recur and patients may require internal sphincterotomy.

• #45 Evaluation and Management of Common Anorectal Conditions | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2012/0315/p624.html

  Treatment of anal fissure starts with stool softeners, fiber, sitz baths, and topical analgesics. Pathophysiology is linked to high resting sphincter tone plus relative ischemia in the posterior midline, so therapies to relax the internal anal sphincter are useful. Topical nitroglycerin 0.2% ointment (compounded by a pharmacist) relaxes the sphincter and enables healing of the fissure. Topical nitroglycerin may cause headache that usually resolves within 30 minutes. Patients using it may become orthostatic, although this is rare. In a randomized clinical trial, 20 units of onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox) injected into the internal anal sphincter was shown to be superior to topical nitroglycerin for the treatment of anal fissure (n = 100; 92 versus 70 percent healed at two months). The only adverse effect was transient incontinence of flatus. Other studies have found favorable results with low-dose calcium channel blockers, such as topical diltiazem 2% and nifedipine 0.5%, or agents that relax the anal sphincter, such as bethanechol 0.1%. All of these treatments require compounding by a pharmacist. Fissures often recur and patients may require internal sphincterotomy.

• #46 Anal Pain: What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/anal-pain

  A healthcare provider will ask questions about your symptoms and examine your anus, if necessary, to diagnose the cause of your anal pain. The treatment will depend on the cause. In many cases, theyll advise the same home treatments listed above. But some more complicated conditions might require: Antibiotics, antivirals or antifungals to treat an infection. […] You can always consult a healthcare provider about anal pain if you arent sure whats causing it or how to treat it. If youve already tried to treat it at home and it hasnt worked, contact a healthcare provider before it gets worse. See a provider right away if you experience any of the following alarming symptoms: Pain thats severe enough to interfere with your daily activities or wake you at night. […] Anal pain can be uncomfortable in more ways than one. Besides your physical discomfort, you may feel reluctant to address your symptom with a healthcare provider. But dont let embarrassment prevent you from getting the care you need. Remember, anal pain isnt unusual, and help is out there.

• #47 Anal Fissure | Section of Colon and Rectal Surgery | Washington University in St. Louis

  https://colorectalsurgery.wustl.edu/patient-care/cope-center/anorectal-disorders/anal-fissure/

  An anal fissure is a tear or split in the perianal skin that can cause bleeding and painful bowel movements. These are usually caused by constipation or repetitive diarrhea. Approximately 80-90% of anal fissures will heal if the following measures are taken: […] Sitz baths. This is a method to provide pain relief and speed the healing of the fissure. This involves sitting in a warm bath or shower, directed at the anal area. These should be done two to three times a day for 10 to 15 minutes. […] Pain medications. Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory agents (example: Ibuprofen, Advil, Aleve, and Motrin) are the preferred medications to decrease inflammation and help with pain. Narcotic pain medications should be avoided because of the constipation they may cause, worsening the fissure. […] Lidocaine 2% jelly. Lidocaine is a topical anesthetic that will numb the anal fissure, reducing symptoms. Lidocaine can be applied two to three times a day as needed.

• #48 Evaluation and Management of Common Anorectal Conditions | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2012/0315/p624.html

  Treatment of anal fissure starts with stool softeners, fiber, sitz baths, and topical analgesics. Pathophysiology is linked to high resting sphincter tone plus relative ischemia in the posterior midline, so therapies to relax the internal anal sphincter are useful. Topical nitroglycerin 0.2% ointment (compounded by a pharmacist) relaxes the sphincter and enables healing of the fissure. Topical nitroglycerin may cause headache that usually resolves within 30 minutes. Patients using it may become orthostatic, although this is rare. In a randomized clinical trial, 20 units of onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox) injected into the internal anal sphincter was shown to be superior to topical nitroglycerin for the treatment of anal fissure (n = 100; 92 versus 70 percent healed at two months). The only adverse effect was transient incontinence of flatus. Other studies have found favorable results with low-dose calcium channel blockers, such as topical diltiazem 2% and nifedipine 0.5%, or agents that relax the anal sphincter, such as bethanechol 0.1%. All of these treatments require compounding by a pharmacist. Fissures often recur and patients may require internal sphincterotomy.

• #49

  https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/anal-pain

  Although most anal fissures do not require surgery, chronic ones (lasting greater than 6 months) are harder to treat and surgery may be the best option. The goal of surgery is to help the anal sphincter muscle relax, which reduces pain and spasms, allowing the fissure to heal. […] Treatment of the underlying etiology is key for these patients. […] Treatment includes topical or oral antibiotics and antifungal medications. […] Treatment is tied to the results of the skin biopsy and/or physical exam. Early diagnosis is key so treatment can begin as soon as possible. […] If you have pain or anal bleeding that does not go away or gets worse, see a colon and rectal surgeon as soon as possible. The first office visit includes a physical exam, exam of the anal canal with a small, lighted scope (anoscopy) to visualize any abnormal areas, and biopsy of the mass. […] Colon and rectal surgeons are experts in the surgical and non-surgical treatment of diseases of the colon, rectum and anus. They have completed advanced surgical training in the treatment of these diseases as well as full general surgical training.

• #50 Evaluation and Management of Common Anorectal Conditions | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2012/0315/p624.html

  Proctalgia fugax is a sudden severe pain in the rectum lasting seconds or minutes. The pain is sporadic and has no inciting trigger. The cause may be spasm of the internal anal sphincter. Various treatments have been described, including benzodiazepines, onabotulinumtoxinA, intravenous lidocaine (Xylocaine) infusion, sacral nerve stimulation, and pudendal nerve block. However, there is scant evidence that any of these treatments are effective. […] Thrombosed hemorrhoids are treated with hemorrhoidectomy if symptoms have been present for less than 72 hours, otherwise hemorrhoidectomy is likely to cause more discomfort than it relieves. The hemorrhoidectomy procedure has been described previously in American Family Physician. If the patient has symptoms for 72 hours or more, stool softeners and sitz baths will provide symptomatic relief. Any suspicious looking mass or lesion should be biopsied or evaluated by a subspecialist. Family physicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for anal cancer.

• #51 External Hemorrhoid (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568724/

  Nursing Management: Manage pain […] Teach patient about sitzbaths […] Teach patient about perianal hygiene […] Educate about high fiber diet […] Monitor stool consistency […] Check for blood in stools […] Encourage ambulation […] Educate about the importance of drinking water […] Encourage an active lifestyle. […] Conservative therapy is considered first-line treatment for symptomatic hemorrhoids. This includes increased dietary fiber, stool softeners, and increased water intake. Rubber band ligation is a minimally invasive treatment option for first, second, and some third-degree internal hemorrhoids that do not respond to conservative therapy. […] Many patients do have residual anorectal pain after surgery. […] The primary care clinicians and nurses should educate the patients on the need to change lifestyle to prevent hemorrhoids; this means becoming physically active, eating a high fiber diet, drinking ample water, taking a stool softener, reducing body weight and avoiding prolonged seating. These simple measures not only reduce the risk of hemorrhoids but also decrease healthcare expense.

• #52 Hemorrhoids: Nursing Diagnosis & Interventions | Nurse.com

  https://www.nurse.com/clinical-guides/hemorrhoids/?srsltid=AfmBOor5OGkaCrrWHhe2t1Ywf4k9Z-l049YPg-72iS68AWhf7cZFO5tD

  Hemorrhoids develop when there are problems with the venous drainage of the anus. This causes the venous plexus and connecting tissue to dilate. The size, presence of thrombosis, and location of the hemorrhoids determine the amount of pain experienced (Mott et al., 2018). […] Thrombosed external hemorrhoids should have surgical removal of the thrombus within the first 2 to 3 days. This can typically be done in the physicians office. Other treatments for grades 1 to 3 can also be performed in an office setting. These treatments include infrared photocoagulation and rubber band ligation. Both of these treatments cause necrosis of the hemorrhoid (Mott et al., 2018). […] Pain related to hemorrhoidal pain, constipation, surgery as evidence by verbalization of pain. […] Assess for pain related to hemorrhoids. […] Administer analgesics as ordered. […] Verbalizes or demonstrates a decrease in hemorrhoidal pain.

• #53 After Anal and Rectal Surgery | Patient Education | UCSF Health

  https://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/after-anal-and-rectal-surgery

  Take the pain medicine every three to four hours as needed for pain. […] Apply ELA-MAX 5 percent cream to anus (inside and out) every two to four hours as needed. This is not covered by any health insurance and costs up to $65 a tube. […] Take a hot bath in plain water and soak for at least 20 minutes three times a day. This is a minimum and there is no maximum limit. You can soak as long as you wish. It is the most effective method of controlling pain. […] Expect the pain to get better at about seven to 14 days after surgery. […] Apply Silvadene cream to anus after each hot bath for the first seven to 10 days. […] After each bowel movement, gently cleanse the area with water or bathe/shower to keep the area clean. […] The pain medication can cause constipation and passing a hard stool will just add to the pain. Take a stool softener as long as you are taking the pain medicine.

• #54 Hemorrhoid Surgery Postop Instructions – Paul E. Savoca

  https://www.paulsavocamd.com/instructions/hemorrhoid-surgery-postop-instructions/

  Following your hemorrhoidectomy, you will experience pain or discomfort in your rectal area. […] Difficulty urinating after hemorrhoidectomy is usually due to spasm of the urinary sphincter resulting from pain due to the surgery. Getting the pain under control and relaxing the sphincter usually allows for the urine to pass. […] You will be given a prescription for pain medication. Follow the directions given by your doctor for taking this medication. […] Take sitz baths (sit for 15-20 minutes in warm water) at least 3 times a day and after each bowel movement. […] Dont worry if you have some bleeding, discharge, or itching during your recovery. This is normal. […] The use of dry toilet tissue should be avoided. After bowel movements use a wet Kleenex, cotton or Tucks pads to clean yourself, or if possible, take a warm bath.

• #55 After Anal and Rectal Surgery | Patient Education | UCSF Health

  https://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/after-anal-and-rectal-surgery

  Take the pain medicine every three to four hours as needed for pain. […] Apply ELA-MAX 5 percent cream to anus (inside and out) every two to four hours as needed. This is not covered by any health insurance and costs up to $65 a tube. […] Take a hot bath in plain water and soak for at least 20 minutes three times a day. This is a minimum and there is no maximum limit. You can soak as long as you wish. It is the most effective method of controlling pain. […] Expect the pain to get better at about seven to 14 days after surgery. […] Apply Silvadene cream to anus after each hot bath for the first seven to 10 days. […] After each bowel movement, gently cleanse the area with water or bathe/shower to keep the area clean. […] The pain medication can cause constipation and passing a hard stool will just add to the pain. Take a stool softener as long as you are taking the pain medicine.

• #56 After Anal and Rectal Surgery | Patient Education | UCSF Health

  https://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/after-anal-and-rectal-surgery

  Take the pain medicine every three to four hours as needed for pain. […] Apply ELA-MAX 5 percent cream to anus (inside and out) every two to four hours as needed. This is not covered by any health insurance and costs up to $65 a tube. […] Take a hot bath in plain water and soak for at least 20 minutes three times a day. This is a minimum and there is no maximum limit. You can soak as long as you wish. It is the most effective method of controlling pain. […] Expect the pain to get better at about seven to 14 days after surgery. […] Apply Silvadene cream to anus after each hot bath for the first seven to 10 days. […] After each bowel movement, gently cleanse the area with water or bathe/shower to keep the area clean. […] The pain medication can cause constipation and passing a hard stool will just add to the pain. Take a stool softener as long as you are taking the pain medicine.

• #57 After Anal and Rectal Surgery | Patient Education | UCSF Health

  https://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/after-anal-and-rectal-surgery

  Some bleeding with each bowel movement is expected. If the bleeding does not stop within an hour after a bowel movement, if the amount of bleeding is worse with time or if you are passing clots of blood, call your surgeon. […] It may be difficult to urinate after the surgery. You may strain to urinate this will not harm the area that was operated on. […] You may do what feels comfortable to do after surgery. Do not sit for longer than 10 to 15 minutes at a time. […] Avoid driving a car while taking pain medication. […] Make an appointment with your surgeon for one month after surgery.

• #58 After Anal and Rectal Surgery | Patient Education | UCSF Health

  https://www.ucsfhealth.org/education/after-anal-and-rectal-surgery

  Take the pain medicine every three to four hours as needed for pain. […] Apply ELA-MAX 5 percent cream to anus (inside and out) every two to four hours as needed. This is not covered by any health insurance and costs up to $65 a tube. […] Take a hot bath in plain water and soak for at least 20 minutes three times a day. This is a minimum and there is no maximum limit. You can soak as long as you wish. It is the most effective method of controlling pain. […] Expect the pain to get better at about seven to 14 days after surgery. […] Apply Silvadene cream to anus after each hot bath for the first seven to 10 days. […] After each bowel movement, gently cleanse the area with water or bathe/shower to keep the area clean. […] The pain medication can cause constipation and passing a hard stool will just add to the pain. Take a stool softener as long as you are taking the pain medicine.

• #59 Hemorrhoids Treatment at University of Utah Health | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/general-surgery/colorectal/hemorrhoids

  Anal pain, especially when sitting, is a sign of external hemorrhoids. […] One to two weeks after your hemorrhoid surgery, you may experience increased discomfort, such as difficulty sitting or muscle spasms close to the surgical area. Pain medication and warm water soaks will help manage your symptoms. […] Your provider will give you detailed aftercare instructions, including pain management techniques (such as taking over-the-counter pain relievers, bathing in warm water, or using a warm compress).

• #60 Anal pain (proctalgia) | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/anal-pain-proctalgia

  Many common causes of anal pain will improve with simple self-care treatments, so you don’t always need to see your GP. […] But it’s a good idea to see your GP if: your pain is severe, your pain doesn’t improve after a few days, you also experience rectal bleeding. […] Your GP can try to work out what the problem is and give you treatment advice.

• #61

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=uh3170

  Call your doctor or nurse advice line now or seek immediate medical care if: You have new or worse pain. You have new or worse bleeding from the rectum. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if: You do not get better as expected. You have trouble passing stools.

• #62 Anal Pain: What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/anal-pain

  A healthcare provider will ask questions about your symptoms and examine your anus, if necessary, to diagnose the cause of your anal pain. The treatment will depend on the cause. In many cases, theyll advise the same home treatments listed above. But some more complicated conditions might require: Antibiotics, antivirals or antifungals to treat an infection. […] You can always consult a healthcare provider about anal pain if you arent sure whats causing it or how to treat it. If youve already tried to treat it at home and it hasnt worked, contact a healthcare provider before it gets worse. See a provider right away if you experience any of the following alarming symptoms: Pain thats severe enough to interfere with your daily activities or wake you at night. […] Anal pain can be uncomfortable in more ways than one. Besides your physical discomfort, you may feel reluctant to address your symptom with a healthcare provider. But dont let embarrassment prevent you from getting the care you need. Remember, anal pain isnt unusual, and help is out there.

• #63 Anal pain (proctalgia) | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/anal-pain-proctalgia

  Many common causes of anal pain will improve with simple self-care treatments, so you don’t always need to see your GP. […] But it’s a good idea to see your GP if: your pain is severe, your pain doesn’t improve after a few days, you also experience rectal bleeding. […] Your GP can try to work out what the problem is and give you treatment advice.

• #64 How to relieve hemorrhoid pain quickly and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/what-helps-hemorrhoid-pain-asap

  A person can ask their pharmacist for an OTC cream or ointment to help treat and soothe hemorrhoids. […] Healthcare professionals may recommend in-office procedures to treat larger hemorrhoids. […] Surgery may be necessary for people with chronic painful hemorrhoids that do not respond to home remedies, OTC medications, or in-office procedures. […] The NIDDK outlines the following surgical procedures for hemorrhoids, both of which require anesthesia: Hemorrhoidectomy and Hemorrhoid stapling. […] A person should seek immediate medical care if they experience any of the following symptoms after hemorrhoid surgery: increased pain or swelling in the area, increased warmth or redness in the area, red streaks leading from the area, pus drainage from the surgical site, fever, vomiting, inability to pass stools or gas.

• #65 External Hemorrhoid (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568724/

  Nursing Management: Manage pain […] Teach patient about sitzbaths […] Teach patient about perianal hygiene […] Educate about high fiber diet […] Monitor stool consistency […] Check for blood in stools […] Encourage ambulation […] Educate about the importance of drinking water […] Encourage an active lifestyle. […] Conservative therapy is considered first-line treatment for symptomatic hemorrhoids. This includes increased dietary fiber, stool softeners, and increased water intake. Rubber band ligation is a minimally invasive treatment option for first, second, and some third-degree internal hemorrhoids that do not respond to conservative therapy. […] Many patients do have residual anorectal pain after surgery. […] The primary care clinicians and nurses should educate the patients on the need to change lifestyle to prevent hemorrhoids; this means becoming physically active, eating a high fiber diet, drinking ample water, taking a stool softener, reducing body weight and avoiding prolonged seating. These simple measures not only reduce the risk of hemorrhoids but also decrease healthcare expense.

• #66 Anal pain – rectal pain, fissures, symptoms and treatments | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anal-pain

  Your doctor or pharmacist may suggest medicines that will help with your anal pain. These will depend on the cause of your anal pain but may include: pain-relief medicines such as paracetamol, creams or suppositories to ease your pain and swelling, laxatives to make it easier to empty your bowels (poo), antibiotics. […] You may need surgery for some causes of anal pain. This may be recommended with: an anal abscess, an anal fissure that has not healed with other treatments, an anal fistula, rectal prolapse when some part of your bowel is outside of your anus, thrombosed haemorrhoids (when a clot forms in the haemorrhoid) this is called a haemorrhoidectomy. […] You can help prevent some types of anal pain by: drinking lots of water, eating a balanced diet that has lots of fibre, exercising regularly. […] Any complications from anal pain will depend on their cause and treatment. Speak with your doctor if you have any concerns.

• #67 Anal care | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/anal-care

  Anal care […] The anus is the last part of your bowel where your stool exits your body. […] Anal problems can be distressing, but there are things you can do to prevent and treat them. […] Common issues include itching, anal fissures, infections and haemorrhoids. […] Seek medical help if you have severe pain or bleeding from your anus. […] If you have severe pain, or if the pain doesn’t improve in a few days, if you bleed from your bottom or have any new or unusual lumps it is important to seek medical advice. […] Keep the anal area clean by washing with water every day. Don’t use soaps as they will reduce the natural oils that protect the anus and may make the area dry and itchy. […] If the anal area is extremely painful and swollen, a cold compress or covered ice pack, such as a bag of frozen peas wrapped in a clean towel, may be used to relieve the pain and swelling. […] If your pain continues, get advice on pain relief medicines from your doctor or pharmacist. […] Drinking plenty of water and eating fibre-rich foods, such as bran cereals, fruit and vegetables and whole grain bread, will help soften your stool to help prevent anal problems. […] The best way to practice safe anal sex is to use a condom with water-based lubricant. […] If you feel pain in your rectum or notice any unusual discharge from your anus, it could be a sign of STIs. It is important to talk to your doctor if you have any of these symptoms.

• #68 External Hemorrhoid (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568724/

  Nursing Management: Manage pain […] Teach patient about sitzbaths […] Teach patient about perianal hygiene […] Educate about high fiber diet […] Monitor stool consistency […] Check for blood in stools […] Encourage ambulation […] Educate about the importance of drinking water […] Encourage an active lifestyle. […] Conservative therapy is considered first-line treatment for symptomatic hemorrhoids. This includes increased dietary fiber, stool softeners, and increased water intake. Rubber band ligation is a minimally invasive treatment option for first, second, and some third-degree internal hemorrhoids that do not respond to conservative therapy. […] Many patients do have residual anorectal pain after surgery. […] The primary care clinicians and nurses should educate the patients on the need to change lifestyle to prevent hemorrhoids; this means becoming physically active, eating a high fiber diet, drinking ample water, taking a stool softener, reducing body weight and avoiding prolonged seating. These simple measures not only reduce the risk of hemorrhoids but also decrease healthcare expense.

• #69 External Hemorrhoid (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568724/

  Nursing Management: Manage pain […] Teach patient about sitzbaths […] Teach patient about perianal hygiene […] Educate about high fiber diet […] Monitor stool consistency […] Check for blood in stools […] Encourage ambulation […] Educate about the importance of drinking water […] Encourage an active lifestyle. […] Conservative therapy is considered first-line treatment for symptomatic hemorrhoids. This includes increased dietary fiber, stool softeners, and increased water intake. Rubber band ligation is a minimally invasive treatment option for first, second, and some third-degree internal hemorrhoids that do not respond to conservative therapy. […] Many patients do have residual anorectal pain after surgery. […] The primary care clinicians and nurses should educate the patients on the need to change lifestyle to prevent hemorrhoids; this means becoming physically active, eating a high fiber diet, drinking ample water, taking a stool softener, reducing body weight and avoiding prolonged seating. These simple measures not only reduce the risk of hemorrhoids but also decrease healthcare expense.

• #70 2 Hemorrhoids Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/hemorrhoids-nursing-care-plans/

  Use this nursing care plan and management guide to help care for patients with hemorrhoids. Enhance your understanding of nursing assessment, interventions, goals, and nursing diagnosis, all specifically tailored to address the unique needs of individuals facing hemorrhoids. […] Nursing management of hemorrhoids depends on the type and severity of the hemorrhoid and on the patients overall condition. Treatment includes measures to ease pain, combat swelling and congestion, and regulation of the patients bowel habits. Patient care includes preoperative and postoperative support. […] The following are the nursing priorities for patients with hemorrhoids: Alleviate pain and discomfort associated with hemorrhoids. […] Assess for the following subjective and objective data: Severe, exquisite rectal pain.

• #71 Nursing Care Plan for Hemorrhoids – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-hemorrhoids/

  Assess the patients understanding of hemorrhoids, including causes, symptoms, and potential complications. […] Provide education on preventive measures, such as adopting a high-fiber diet, drinking an adequate amount of fluids, and avoiding prolonged sitting or straining during bowel movements. […] Relief of acute pain associated with hemorrhoids. […] The patient experiences a reduction in pain and reports improved comfort.

• #72 2 Hemorrhoids Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/hemorrhoids-nursing-care-plans/

  After thorough assessment, nursing diagnoses are formulated to address the challenges of hemorrhoids, guided by the nurses clinical judgment and understanding of the patients unique condition. […] Acute Pain related to tissue irritation and inflammation in the rectal area as evidenced by patient reports of sharp pain during defecation and observed guarding behavior. […] Goals and expected outcomes may include: The patient will have intact skin with no signs or symptoms of rectal prolapse or bleeding. […] Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with hemorrhoids may include: Assess the patient for the presence of hemorrhoids, discomfort or pain associated with hemorrhoids, diet, fluid intake, and presence of constipation. […] Provide a donut cushion for the patient to sit on if needed. Hemorrhoids are exquisitely painful and the patient may not be able to sit in a chair and apply pressure to delicate tissues.

• #73 Nursing Care Plan for Hemorrhoids – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-hemorrhoids/

  Assess the patients understanding of hemorrhoids, including causes, symptoms, and potential complications. […] Provide education on preventive measures, such as adopting a high-fiber diet, drinking an adequate amount of fluids, and avoiding prolonged sitting or straining during bowel movements. […] Relief of acute pain associated with hemorrhoids. […] The patient experiences a reduction in pain and reports improved comfort.

• #74 Effect of Comprehensive Nursing on Pain Relief, Comfort and Burden of Family Care of Infantile Anal Fistula

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10873142/

  The results showed that the comfort scores of the observation group were significantly higher than that of the control group after the intervention (P 0.05), indicating the prominent role of comprehensive nursing in effectively reducing the pain of children with anal fistula and soothing their negative emotions. […] Comprehensive nursing can effectively promote wound healing, relieve pain, improve comfort in children with anal fistula, reduce crying frequency and relieve the care burden for family members. Comprehensive nursing plays a positive role in improving the comfort of infantile anal fistula and reducing the burden of family care.

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