Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Moles | Nevus | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/moles.html

  Moles are very common. Most people have between 10 and 40 moles. […] About one out of every ten people has at least one unusual (or atypical) mole that looks different from an ordinary mole. They are called dysplastic nevi. They may be more likely than ordinary moles to develop into melanoma, a type of skin cancer. You should have a health care professional check your moles if they look unusual, grow larger, change in color or outline, or in any other way. […] The primary NIH organization for research on Moles is the National Cancer Institute.

• #2 The ABCDEs of moles and skin cancer – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/the-abcdes-of-moles

  Moles are a common type of skin growth. They often appear as small brown spots and are caused by clusters of pigmented cells. Moles generally appear during childhood and adolescence. Most people have 10 to 40 moles, some of which may change in appearance or fade away over time. […] Most moles are harmless. Rarely do they become cancerous. Monitoring moles and other skin lesions patches is an important step in detecting skin cancer, especially malignant melanoma. […] The first signs of melanoma are usually a change to an existing mole or a new skin growth. They’re usually found on skin that has seen a lot of sun, like your face, scalp, arms, back or calves. However, melanoma can be found in areas that are not exposed to the sun. […] Your best chance of beating melanoma is to catch it early.

• #3 Atypical Mole – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560606/

  Atypical moles have an extensive geographic distribution globally and are slightly more common in males compared to females. Global prevalence is in the range of 2% to 18%, displaying a higher incidence in European populations (7% to 24%) and fair-skinned individuals. Some notable exceptions to this exist, including the Japanese population, where the incidence of atypical moles is low despite a light-skinned phenotype. Pediatric incidence is also low. […] Lifetime melanoma risk to individuals in the United States is less than 1% but is significantly greater in those with atypical moles, considered to be greater than 10%. The risk of malignant transformation in common moles to melanoma amongst the population of the United States is about 1:30,000 in males and 1:40,000 in females. […] Those at higher risk include patients with familial atypical multiple-mole melanoma syndrome (FAMMM) who have a near 100% lifetime risk of atypical mole transformation to melanoma in situ.

• #4 Frequency of moles in a defined population – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3989434/

  The occurrence of moles was studied in a community survey of 872 adults, using criteria that allowed comparison with two earlier surveys. Men and women had similar numbers of moles-on average, 15 moles of diameter 2 mm or greater, and 39 moles of all sizes. The frequency of moles declined with age and varied according to body site. Comparison of the findings with those of previous surveys-in New York in about 1950 and in Sydney in about 1970-suggested that the frequency of moles has increased as malignant melanoma has become more common. […] Little is known about the epidemiology of moles, which may hold the key to the explanation of the rising incidence of melanoma in many countries.

• #5 Frequency of moles in a defined population. | Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

  https://jech.bmj.com/content/39/1/48

  The occurrence of moles was studied in a community survey of 872 adults, using criteria that allowed comparison with two earlier surveys. […] Little is known about the epidemiology of moles, which may hold the key to the explanation of the rising incidence of melanoma in many countries.

• #6 Atypical Mole (Clark Nevus or Dysplastic Nevus): Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1056283-overview

  The prevalence of atypical nevi in white populations has been reported to be as high as 17% but varies depending on the diagnostic criteria used. […] Atypical moles can be inherited or can occur sporadically. Familial atypical moles may be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Sporadic lesions are those atypical moles that occur in patients without a family history of atypical moles. […] In Australia and New Zealand, the prevalence of atypical nevi has been reported to be 5-10%. […] The prevalence of FAMMM syndrome is unknown, but in a 2007 study of 385 families with a history of melanoma, 39% of families had CDKN2A mutations (strongly associated with FAMMM syndrome), ranging from 20% (32 of 162) in Australia to 45% (29 of 65) in North America to 57% (89 of 157) in Europe. […] Individuals at the highest risk of atypical nevi are persons of northern European background (Celtic) with light-colored hair and freckles. Atypical moles are rare in black, Asian, or Middle Eastern populations.

• #7 Atypical Mole (Clark Nevus or Dysplastic Nevus): Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1056283-overview

  The prevalence of atypical nevi in white populations has been reported to be as high as 17% but varies depending on the diagnostic criteria used. […] Atypical moles can be inherited or can occur sporadically. Familial atypical moles may be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Sporadic lesions are those atypical moles that occur in patients without a family history of atypical moles. […] In Australia and New Zealand, the prevalence of atypical nevi has been reported to be 5-10%. […] The prevalence of FAMMM syndrome is unknown, but in a 2007 study of 385 families with a history of melanoma, 39% of families had CDKN2A mutations (strongly associated with FAMMM syndrome), ranging from 20% (32 of 162) in Australia to 45% (29 of 65) in North America to 57% (89 of 157) in Europe. […] Individuals at the highest risk of atypical nevi are persons of northern European background (Celtic) with light-colored hair and freckles. Atypical moles are rare in black, Asian, or Middle Eastern populations.

• #8 Atypical Mole (Clark Nevus or Dysplastic Nevus): Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1056283-overview

  In familial atypical moles, lesions begin to develop in childhood, most frequently during the first decade of life. […] Atypical nevi can develop throughout a person’s lifetime. […] New or changing pigmented nevi are common in adults, and new or changing nevi in patients older than 50 years are more likely to be melanoma than in patients younger than 50 years. […] Patients with numerous atypical moles are at a higher risk of developing melanoma compared with those individuals with only a few atypical moles. […] The risk of melanoma is greater for those individuals who have one relative with melanoma than for those with no affected relative. […] The lifetime risk of melanoma may approach 100% in individuals with atypical moles who are from families prone to melanoma (ie, families having two or more first-degree relatives with melanoma).

• #9

  https://medicaljournalssweden.se/actadv/article/view/6077

  The worldwide incidence of malignant melanoma is increasing. […] The aim of this study was to characterize a paediatric population (from Lleida, Catalonia, Spain) in terms of phenotype, sun behaviour and naevi prevalence. […] The density of naevi increased with age. […] A higher level of accumulated sun exposure correlated with a higher number of naevi in children with non-adequate sunscreen use. […] In conclusion, several risk factors associated with naevi density and distribution were found, as previously reported by others. Multivariate analysis confirmed a protective role of sunscreen in the development of acquired melanocytic naevi.

• #10

  https://medicaljournalssweden.se/actadv/article/view/6077

  The worldwide incidence of malignant melanoma is increasing. […] The aim of this study was to characterize a paediatric population (from Lleida, Catalonia, Spain) in terms of phenotype, sun behaviour and naevi prevalence. […] The density of naevi increased with age. […] A higher level of accumulated sun exposure correlated with a higher number of naevi in children with non-adequate sunscreen use. […] In conclusion, several risk factors associated with naevi density and distribution were found, as previously reported by others. Multivariate analysis confirmed a protective role of sunscreen in the development of acquired melanocytic naevi.

• #11

  https://medicaljournalssweden.se/actadv/article/view/6077

  The worldwide incidence of malignant melanoma is increasing. […] The aim of this study was to characterize a paediatric population (from Lleida, Catalonia, Spain) in terms of phenotype, sun behaviour and naevi prevalence. […] The density of naevi increased with age. […] A higher level of accumulated sun exposure correlated with a higher number of naevi in children with non-adequate sunscreen use. […] In conclusion, several risk factors associated with naevi density and distribution were found, as previously reported by others. Multivariate analysis confirmed a protective role of sunscreen in the development of acquired melanocytic naevi.

• #12

  https://www.cbc.ca/news/science/moles-linked-with-slower-aging-study-1.646026

  People with a lot of moles may age slower than those with few moles, say British scientists, who suggest this may mean fewer age-related illnesses such as heart disease or osteoporosis for „moley people.” […] In a 10-year study of more than 1,800 twins, researchers at the University of London’s King’s College found those with more than 100 moles had a biological age six to seven years younger than those with fewer than 25 moles. […] The results suggest those with higher numbers of moles may have a delayed aging as they have longer telomeres and appear to keep their moles for longer. In contrast, people with shorter telomeres have lower numbers of moles and appear to lose them quicker with age which may be a marker of accelerated aging. […] „We now plan to look in more detail at the genes which influence the numbers of moles and to see whether they may also slow down the aging process in general. We’ll examine the rate of aging in the skin, muscles and bones in different groups according to their mole counts,” said Tim Spector, study co-author.

• #13 Moles: The more, the merrier in fight against aging, UK study says

  https://www.dermatologytimes.com/view/moles-more-merrier-fight-against-aging-uk-study-says

  Researchers at Kings College here say they have found that the more moles a person has, the more likely their DNA is to have properties that combat aging, BBC News reports. […] The study, published recently in the journal Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention, is in direct contrast to the school of thought that links a high mole count to high skin-cancer risk. […] Investigators found that people with more than 100 moles had longer telomeres than people with fewer than 25 moles. The difference between the two mole groups was equivalent to six to seven years of aging. […] The results of this study are very exciting, as they show, for the first time, that moley people who have a slightly increased risk of melanoma may, on the other hand, have the benefit of a reduced rate of aging, the studys authors write. This could imply susceptibility to fewer age-related diseases, such as heart disease or osteoporosis, for example. […] Researchers say further studies are needed to confirm the findings.

• #14 Arm mole count 'predicts skin cancer risk’ – BBC News

  https://www.bbc.com/news/health-34551467

  Having more than 11 moles on one arm indicates a higher-than-average risk of skin cancer or melanoma, research suggests. […] Counting moles on the right arm was found to be a good indicator of total moles on the body. More than 100 indicates five times the normal risk. […] The study, published in the British Journal of Dermatology, used data from 3,000 twins in the UK. […] GPs could use the findings to identify those most at risk, it said. […] Melanoma is a type of skin cancer affecting more than 13,000 people in the UK each year. […] It develops from abnormal moles, so the risk of being diagnosed with a melanoma is linked to the number of moles a patient has. […] Females with more than seven moles on their right arm had nine times the risk of having more than 50 on their whole body.

• #15 Arm mole count 'predicts skin cancer risk’ – BBC News

  https://www.bbc.com/news/health-34551467

  Those with more than 11 on their right arm were more likely to have more than 100 on their body in total, meaning they were at a higher risk of developing a melanoma. […] The findings could help GPs to identify those with an increased risk of developing a melanoma. […] The findings could have a significant impact for primary care, allowing GPs to more accurately estimate the total number of moles in a patient extremely quickly via an easily accessible body part. […] Consultant dermatologist and study co-author Veronique Bataille said if a patient was worried about an abnormal mole and went to see their GP, counting moles on one arm „might ring alarm bells” and highlight those patients who should be seen by a specialist more quickly. […] Dr Claire Knight, health information manager at Cancer Research UK, said the study findings were helpful, but added that fewer than half of melanomas develop from existing moles.

• #16

  https://www.cbsnews.com/news/what-11-moles-may-say-about-your-skin-cancer-risk/

  Check your arms. If you count more than 11 moles, on your right arm in particular, you may be at a higher risk for skin cancer, say the authors of a new study. […] Counting moles on the body is one way doctors get a bead on a patient’s risk for skin cancer and the number of moles on the right arm may be a helpful predictor of the total number on the whole body, according to research published in the British Journal of Dermatology by scientists from King’s College London. […] They reported that individuals with more than 11 moles on their right arm were nine times more likely to have more than 100 moles scattered across their whole body, meaning they were at a higher risk of developing a melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer. […] The findings could be a helpful way for general practitioners and primary care physicians to identify people more at risk for skin cancer, said Dr. Todd Ridky, an assistant professor of Dermatology at Penn Medicine, in Philadelphia.

• #17 Moles quadruple risk for melanoma | MDedge

  https://community.the-hospitalist.org/content/moles-quadruple-risk-melanoma

  Patients with moles had more than four times the risk of developing melanoma, compared with those without moles in a large record-linkage study. […] The overall rate ratio for melanoma, based on person-years at risk, was 4.68 among patients with moles recorded in their medical record (95% confidence interval, 4.39-4.98), Dr. Eugene Ong reported at the 15th World Congress on Cancers of the Skin. […] Rate ratios were also significantly higher for individuals with moles of both sexes and in all age groups, including those aged younger than 25 years (RR, 3.79), 25-59 years (RR, 5.02), and at least 60 years (RR, 4.68). […] Patients with a record of moles had a significantly higher risk of developing melanoma both around the site of the mole and elsewhere on their body, and therefore may benefit from increased surveillance, said Dr. Ong of the University of Oxford, England.

• #18 Moles quadruple risk for melanoma | MDedge

  https://community.the-hospitalist.org/content/moles-quadruple-risk-melanoma

  Individuals with moles are at significantly increased risk for developing melanoma in the same body region as the mole, and in other regions, and could benefit from increased surveillance. […] The rate ratio for melanoma, based on person-years at risk, was 4.68 times among patients with moles than those without moles (95% CI 4.39-4.98).

• #19 Atypical Mole – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560606/

  Atypical moles have an extensive geographic distribution globally and are slightly more common in males compared to females. Global prevalence is in the range of 2% to 18%, displaying a higher incidence in European populations (7% to 24%) and fair-skinned individuals. Some notable exceptions to this exist, including the Japanese population, where the incidence of atypical moles is low despite a light-skinned phenotype. Pediatric incidence is also low. […] Lifetime melanoma risk to individuals in the United States is less than 1% but is significantly greater in those with atypical moles, considered to be greater than 10%. The risk of malignant transformation in common moles to melanoma amongst the population of the United States is about 1:30,000 in males and 1:40,000 in females. […] Those at higher risk include patients with familial atypical multiple-mole melanoma syndrome (FAMMM) who have a near 100% lifetime risk of atypical mole transformation to melanoma in situ.

• #20 Moles – Dermatologic Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/dermatologic-disorders/benign-skin-tumors-growths-and-vascular-lesions/moles

  Moles are flesh- to brown-colored macules, papules, or nodules composed of nests of melanocytes or nevus cells. Their main significance (other than cosmetic) is their resemblance to melanoma. […] An individual mole is unlikely to become malignant (lifetime risk is approximately 1 in 3,000 for men and to 10,000 for women); however, patients with large numbers of benign moles (about 50) have an increased risk of developing melanoma. These patients should be taught to self-monitor for warning signs and have skin surveillance as part of their primary care. […] Moles develop on nearly everybody, and are significant primarily because they can become dysplastic or malignant and need to be differentiated from melanoma. […] Almost everyone has moles, but people with about 50 are at increased risk of melanoma.

• #21 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/9/4/63

  The mortality rate in the US was 2.0/100,000 in 2018, as compared to a high of 2.8/100,000 in 2009. […] Melanoma accounts for over 80% of skin cancer deaths. […] The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011–2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] The 5-year survival is 99.4% for those first diagnosed with stage I–II disease, decreasing to 68.0% for stage III and 29.8% for stage IV. […] Moles, or nevi, are benign growths of melanocytes considered both direct precursors and markers of increased risk for melanoma. […] In a population-based study in the US, the annual transformation rate of any single mole into melanoma was found to range from 0.0005% in those under 40 to 0.003% for men over 60. […] One study found those with >100 moles are at a seven-fold increased risk of developing melanoma relative to those with <15. [...] Guidelines suggest these moles should be surveilled based on the ABCDE criteria (asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter >6 mm, and evolution), and if suspected, resected with margins of at least 2 mm.

• #22 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/9/4/63

  The mortality rate in the US was 2.0/100,000 in 2018, as compared to a high of 2.8/100,000 in 2009. […] Melanoma accounts for over 80% of skin cancer deaths. […] The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011–2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] The 5-year survival is 99.4% for those first diagnosed with stage I–II disease, decreasing to 68.0% for stage III and 29.8% for stage IV. […] Moles, or nevi, are benign growths of melanocytes considered both direct precursors and markers of increased risk for melanoma. […] In a population-based study in the US, the annual transformation rate of any single mole into melanoma was found to range from 0.0005% in those under 40 to 0.003% for men over 60. […] One study found those with >100 moles are at a seven-fold increased risk of developing melanoma relative to those with <15. [...] Guidelines suggest these moles should be surveilled based on the ABCDE criteria (asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter >6 mm, and evolution), and if suspected, resected with margins of at least 2 mm.

• #23 Atypical Moles: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0601/p762.html

  Atypical moles are associated with an increased risk of melanoma, warranting enhanced surveillance, especially in patients with more than 50 moles and a family history of melanoma. […] The reported prevalence of atypical moles varies widely, in part depending on whether the diagnosis is clinical or histologic. […] A meta-analysis of case-control studies found that the relative risk of melanoma is 1.45 in patients with one atypical mole vs. none, and this increases to 6.36 in those with five atypical moles. […] Persons with FAMMM syndrome have a 10-year risk of melanoma of 10.7%, which is 17.3 times higher than in those without the syndrome. […] Although periodic self-examinations and physician examinations may increase detection of thin melanomas amenable to surgery, it may be that close surveillance detects more slow-growing lesions with an inherently favorable prognosis.

• #24 Atypical Moles: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0601/p762.html

  Atypical moles are associated with an increased risk of melanoma, warranting enhanced surveillance, especially in patients with more than 50 moles and a family history of melanoma. […] The reported prevalence of atypical moles varies widely, in part depending on whether the diagnosis is clinical or histologic. […] A meta-analysis of case-control studies found that the relative risk of melanoma is 1.45 in patients with one atypical mole vs. none, and this increases to 6.36 in those with five atypical moles. […] Persons with FAMMM syndrome have a 10-year risk of melanoma of 10.7%, which is 17.3 times higher than in those without the syndrome. […] Although periodic self-examinations and physician examinations may increase detection of thin melanomas amenable to surgery, it may be that close surveillance detects more slow-growing lesions with an inherently favorable prognosis.

• #25 Atypical Mole – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560606/

  Atypical moles have an extensive geographic distribution globally and are slightly more common in males compared to females. Global prevalence is in the range of 2% to 18%, displaying a higher incidence in European populations (7% to 24%) and fair-skinned individuals. Some notable exceptions to this exist, including the Japanese population, where the incidence of atypical moles is low despite a light-skinned phenotype. Pediatric incidence is also low. […] Lifetime melanoma risk to individuals in the United States is less than 1% but is significantly greater in those with atypical moles, considered to be greater than 10%. The risk of malignant transformation in common moles to melanoma amongst the population of the United States is about 1:30,000 in males and 1:40,000 in females. […] Those at higher risk include patients with familial atypical multiple-mole melanoma syndrome (FAMMM) who have a near 100% lifetime risk of atypical mole transformation to melanoma in situ.

• #26 Atypical Mole (Clark Nevus or Dysplastic Nevus): Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1056283-overview

  Individuals who have nevi with clinical or histologic characteristics of atypical moles but no family history of atypical moles or melanoma might also be at an increased risk for the development of melanoma. […] Note that FAMMM increases the risk not only for melanoma but also other neoplasm formation, such as pancreatic cancer.

• #27 Common Moles, Dysplastic Nevi, and Risk of Melanoma – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/moles-fact-sheet

  Only rarely does a common mole turn into melanoma, the most serious type of skin cancer. […] Although common moles are not cancerous, people who have many small moles or several large ones have an increased risk of developing melanoma. […] Certain changes in a mole may indicate that it is turning into a melanoma. […] A dysplastic nevus is a type of mole that looks different from a common mole. […] A dysplastic nevus may also appear in areas not exposed to the sun, such as the breasts and areas below the waist. […] However, dysplastic nevi are a risk factor for developing melanoma, and the more dysplastic nevi a person has, the greater their risk of developing melanoma. […] Researchers estimate that the risk of melanoma is about 10 times greater for someone with more than five dysplastic nevi than for someone who has none.

• #28 Atypical Moles: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0601/p762.html

  The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force has found insufficient evidence to assess the balance of benefits and harms of routine screening for skin cancer by clinicians or patients, but acknowledges that screening in high-risk populations may have value. […] Total body photographs, with copies given to the patient, may be considered for observational aid and reassurance, especially in patients with a large number and variety of moles. […] Although atypical moles are associated with an increased risk of melanoma, most melanomas do not arise from existing atypical moles, and this should guide biopsy decisions.

• #29 Mole Mapping

  https://www.dermoscopy.co.uk/moleMapping.html

  Mole mapping is a technique whereby a person’s moles (naevi) are catalogued or 'mapped’. The images created can then be used as part of a person’s skin cancer surveillance program. […] There is no consensus opinion about the recommended frequency for self surveillance of your moles. In general, for high risk individuals self surveillance should be undertaken at least 3-monthly or preferably monthly. […] Most digital dermoscopic systems have integrated computer software which can give a risk analysis of how suspicious a mole is. However, independent published research has repeatedly shown limitations in the diagnostic ability of these systems. Therefore these systems should only be used for cataloguing moles and should not be used for diagnosis.

• #30 Mole mapping

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/photographic-skin-surveillance

  Photographic skin surveillance usually refers to a screening programme for those at high risk of malignant melanoma, for example, MoleMap New Zealand’s mole mapping programme. […] Photographic skin surveillance is particularly useful for individuals who have: Many moles (more than 50100), Dysplastic or atypical naevi moles that are large, unusual colour(s) or shapes, Moles on the back, which may be difficult to keep an eye on, Previous history of melanoma, Strong family history of melanoma, Fair skin that has been severely or repeatedly sunburned, Concerns about individual moles or freckles, for example because of their appearance or recent change. […] Photographic skin surveillance is intended to diagnose melanoma at the earliest possible stage, by identifying new melanocytic lesions or change in pre-existing melanocytic lesions. […] Compared to self skin examination or an examination by a non-specialist doctor, photographic skin surveillance has several advantages. […] Clients should be aware that any screening system has risks.

• #31 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Mole-Mapping.aspx

  Mole mapping is a procedure used for the surveillance of skin for malignant melanoma. Skin is examined, and through the use of dermoscopy, lesions of concern are identified and evaluated. […] Studies have shown that mole mapping using digital photography can improve the early detection of melanoma. In one study, the chance of detecting melanoma increased by 17% when digital dermoscopy was employed. In another study, total body photography was found to improve the detection of new or subtle melanomas that did not fit the classical clinical profile of the disease. […] Mole mapping may overlook lesions in hidden places on the body, like the genitals or the scalp. It can also give false negative or false positive results. Mole mapping can miss fast-growing melanomas, which attain a dangerous size before the next scheduled mapping session. Lastly, this monitoring procedure may not be as accurate with pink or scaly skin cancers, which do not show up as well in a photograph.

• #32 MoleSafe: Skin Cancer Prevention Technology

  https://molesafe.com/

  Skin cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer, but it is also one of the most preventable and treatable when detected early. […] Our advanced imaging techniques and thorough evaluations provide you with a clear understanding of your skins health and empower you to take action if needed. […] Skin Cancer is 100% Preventable: Skin cancer can be stopped in its tracks if detected early and treated appropriately. […] Skin Cancer has High Survival Rates: Early-stage skin cancer has a near-perfect treatment success rate, making timely detection life-saving. […] Skin Cancer can be managed with Proactive Health Management: Monitoring your skin regularly allows for quicker intervention and better outcomes. […] MoleSafe uses advanced technologies and specialized techniques to thoroughly evaluate your skin, including:

• #33 MoleSafe: Skin Cancer Prevention Technology

  https://molesafe.com/

  Change Detection: Using cutting-edge image analysis, we track shape, size, color, and location changes in your skin over time. […] MoleSafe’s process is designed to complement your existing healthcare routine. […] We use an innovative AI backed Platform in addition to our provider expertise to monitor changes in the health of your skin. […] MoleSafe is not a replacement for physical evaluation. Molesafe, when combined with an appointment with your physician, provides comprehensive skin early detection screening.

• #34 Rationale for 3D mole mapping with the VECTRA 360 | News | OneWelbeck

  https://onewelbeck.com/news/rationale-for-3d-mole-mapping-with-the-vectra-360/

  Mole mapping for individuals at risk of melanoma is therefore currently offered within Dermatology departments in the NHS. […] Recent technological advances however have led to the development of 3D imaging which is designed to facilitate 360 degree rotation to view all body angles including curved surfaces that are often not captured adequately with 2D imaging. […] The patient stands in the device and image capture is taken within a matter of milliseconds- allowing for convenient, efficient and discrete acquisition of the required body images. […] On subsequent visits with repeat imaging, usually recommended on an annual basis, an inbuilt AI system is able to identify new and changing skin lesions which is able to guide the clinician to areas on the skin requiring examination, reducing the risk of missing subtle early changes.

• #35 Rationale for 3D mole mapping with the VECTRA 360 | News | OneWelbeck

  https://onewelbeck.com/news/rationale-for-3d-mole-mapping-with-the-vectra-360/

  Mole mapping for individuals at risk of melanoma is therefore currently offered within Dermatology departments in the NHS. […] Recent technological advances however have led to the development of 3D imaging which is designed to facilitate 360 degree rotation to view all body angles including curved surfaces that are often not captured adequately with 2D imaging. […] The patient stands in the device and image capture is taken within a matter of milliseconds- allowing for convenient, efficient and discrete acquisition of the required body images. […] On subsequent visits with repeat imaging, usually recommended on an annual basis, an inbuilt AI system is able to identify new and changing skin lesions which is able to guide the clinician to areas on the skin requiring examination, reducing the risk of missing subtle early changes.

• #36 Rationale for 3D mole mapping with the VECTRA 360 | News | OneWelbeck

  https://onewelbeck.com/news/rationale-for-3d-mole-mapping-with-the-vectra-360/

  Ongoing research using the VECTRA 360 is currently underway to further develop the AI technology to allow for automated melanoma detection/ diagnosis, rather than relying on clinician examination of lesions. […] In summary, 3D mole mapping allows for significantly enhanced monitoring of the skin in combination with physician and patient examination to allow for early detection and treatment of skin cancer.

• #37 Rationale for 3D mole mapping with the VECTRA 360 | News | OneWelbeck

  https://onewelbeck.com/news/rationale-for-3d-mole-mapping-with-the-vectra-360/

  The incidence and mortality from melanoma, the most serious type of skin cancer, continues to rise worldwide with around 16,700 cases per year in the UK. Since the 1990s the incidence rates have almost doubled and they are predicted to rise by around 10% between 2023- 2025. Melanoma is the 5th most common type of cancer in the UK, accounting for 4% of all new cancer cases. […] Early detection of melanoma at an early stage is therefore crucial as surgical removal of early stage disease usually results in cure. There is good evidence showing that adequate screening of individuals leads to higher pick-up rates of early-stage thin melanomas with a more favourable prognosis and reduced medical costs. […] The use of mole mapping enables for early detection of melanoma by assessing for new and changing skin lesions – the most sensitive way of detecting melanomas at a stage where treatment confers excellent prognosis.

• #38 Rationale for 3D mole mapping with the VECTRA 360 | News | OneWelbeck

  https://onewelbeck.com/news/rationale-for-3d-mole-mapping-with-the-vectra-360/

  Sequential imaging at follow up visits allows for monitoring with great accuracy and identifies minor skin changes which may indicate early malignancy, allowing clinicians to detect subtle signs of in-situ (precancerous) melanoma or invasive melanoma with a higher sensitivity and specificity before they are apparent to the naked eye/ to the patient. […] The use of photography for the management of patients at higher risk for melanoma with atypical (moles that are irregular in size, shape and colour) is further supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines for melanoma that stipulate that clinically atypical melanocytic lesions that do not need excision at first presentation should have baseline photography and then subsequent review of the lesion in order to identify early signs of melanoma.

• #39 Moles – Lake Shore Dermatology | Vernon Hills, IL Dermatologist

  https://www.lakeshorederm.com/moles

  Moles are growths composed of the pigment producing cells in the skin. […] While most moles are completely normal, a form of skin cancer called melanoma can arise from a mole and the first sign of a melanoma is a change in the appearance of a mole. […] The American Academy of Dermatology recommends annual mole checks. Annual screenings are important for surveillance of moles and for early detection of any changes to moles.

• #40 Mole Mapping

  https://www.dermoscopy.co.uk/moleMapping.html

  Mole mapping is a technique whereby a person’s moles (naevi) are catalogued or 'mapped’. The images created can then be used as part of a person’s skin cancer surveillance program. […] There is no consensus opinion about the recommended frequency for self surveillance of your moles. In general, for high risk individuals self surveillance should be undertaken at least 3-monthly or preferably monthly. […] Most digital dermoscopic systems have integrated computer software which can give a risk analysis of how suspicious a mole is. However, independent published research has repeatedly shown limitations in the diagnostic ability of these systems. Therefore these systems should only be used for cataloguing moles and should not be used for diagnosis.

• #41 Common Moles, Dysplastic Nevi, and Risk of Melanoma – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/moles-fact-sheet

  People with dysplastic nevi should have their skin examined by a doctor regularly. […] Normally, people do not need to have a dysplastic nevus or a common mole removed. […] One reason is that very few dysplastic nevi or common moles turn into melanoma. […] Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that begins in melanocytes. […] It can develop from a common mole or dysplastic nevus, but more often it develops in an area of apparently normal skin. […] People with dark skin are much less likely than people with fair skin to develop melanoma. […] However, people with dark skin tend to be diagnosed with more advanced melanoma than people with fair skin. […] Although anyone can develop melanoma, people with the following risk factors have an increased risk of melanoma: Having a dysplastic nevus, having many small moles or several large ones, skin that burns easily, sunlight, use of sunlamps and tanning booths, personal history of melanoma, family history of unusual moles or melanoma, having a weakened immune system or being immunosuppressed. […] The best way to prevent melanoma is to limit exposure to sunlight.

• #42 Common Moles, Dysplastic Nevi, and Risk of Melanoma – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/moles-fact-sheet

  People with dysplastic nevi should have their skin examined by a doctor regularly. […] Normally, people do not need to have a dysplastic nevus or a common mole removed. […] One reason is that very few dysplastic nevi or common moles turn into melanoma. […] Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that begins in melanocytes. […] It can develop from a common mole or dysplastic nevus, but more often it develops in an area of apparently normal skin. […] People with dark skin are much less likely than people with fair skin to develop melanoma. […] However, people with dark skin tend to be diagnosed with more advanced melanoma than people with fair skin. […] Although anyone can develop melanoma, people with the following risk factors have an increased risk of melanoma: Having a dysplastic nevus, having many small moles or several large ones, skin that burns easily, sunlight, use of sunlamps and tanning booths, personal history of melanoma, family history of unusual moles or melanoma, having a weakened immune system or being immunosuppressed. […] The best way to prevent melanoma is to limit exposure to sunlight.

• #43 Mole Watch-When to See Your Doctor for Melanoma – Woodlawn Hospital (Rochester, Indiana – Fulton County)

  https://woodlawnhospital.org/mole-watch-when-to-see-your-doctor-for-melanoma/

  As with any cancer, early detection, and identification of melanoma as a form of skin cancer are critically important, leading to earlier treatment and exponential increases chances of complete cure. […] Self-examination of the skin forms the basis for identifying and monitoring atypical appearing moles. However, individuals at increased risk will undoubtedly benefit from a visit to the healthcare provider and having a complete skin assessment in a particular mole of atypical appearance. […] It is highly recommended that at-risk individuals are evaluated by the healthcare provider at least once a year or as frequently as determined by the risk profile. These individuals include People with fair complexion, blond or red hair, blue eyes, and freckles. Additionally, the risk is higher for people whose skin tends to incur sunburn rather than a tan. Family history places an important role in melanoma. Approximately 10% of people with melanoma have a family history of the disease.

• #44 Mole Watch-When to See Your Doctor for Melanoma – Woodlawn Hospital (Rochester, Indiana – Fulton County)

  https://woodlawnhospital.org/mole-watch-when-to-see-your-doctor-for-melanoma/

  As with any cancer, early detection, and identification of melanoma as a form of skin cancer are critically important, leading to earlier treatment and exponential increases chances of complete cure. […] Self-examination of the skin forms the basis for identifying and monitoring atypical appearing moles. However, individuals at increased risk will undoubtedly benefit from a visit to the healthcare provider and having a complete skin assessment in a particular mole of atypical appearance. […] It is highly recommended that at-risk individuals are evaluated by the healthcare provider at least once a year or as frequently as determined by the risk profile. These individuals include People with fair complexion, blond or red hair, blue eyes, and freckles. Additionally, the risk is higher for people whose skin tends to incur sunburn rather than a tan. Family history places an important role in melanoma. Approximately 10% of people with melanoma have a family history of the disease.

• #45 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Mole-Mapping.aspx

  Mole mapping is a procedure used for the surveillance of skin for malignant melanoma. Skin is examined, and through the use of dermoscopy, lesions of concern are identified and evaluated. […] Studies have shown that mole mapping using digital photography can improve the early detection of melanoma. In one study, the chance of detecting melanoma increased by 17% when digital dermoscopy was employed. In another study, total body photography was found to improve the detection of new or subtle melanomas that did not fit the classical clinical profile of the disease. […] Mole mapping may overlook lesions in hidden places on the body, like the genitals or the scalp. It can also give false negative or false positive results. Mole mapping can miss fast-growing melanomas, which attain a dangerous size before the next scheduled mapping session. Lastly, this monitoring procedure may not be as accurate with pink or scaly skin cancers, which do not show up as well in a photograph.

• #46 Mole Mapping

  https://www.dermoscopy.co.uk/moleMapping.html

  Mole mapping is a technique whereby a person’s moles (naevi) are catalogued or 'mapped’. The images created can then be used as part of a person’s skin cancer surveillance program. […] There is no consensus opinion about the recommended frequency for self surveillance of your moles. In general, for high risk individuals self surveillance should be undertaken at least 3-monthly or preferably monthly. […] Most digital dermoscopic systems have integrated computer software which can give a risk analysis of how suspicious a mole is. However, independent published research has repeatedly shown limitations in the diagnostic ability of these systems. Therefore these systems should only be used for cataloguing moles and should not be used for diagnosis.

• #47 MoleSafe: Skin Cancer Prevention Technology

  https://molesafe.com/

  Change Detection: Using cutting-edge image analysis, we track shape, size, color, and location changes in your skin over time. […] MoleSafe’s process is designed to complement your existing healthcare routine. […] We use an innovative AI backed Platform in addition to our provider expertise to monitor changes in the health of your skin. […] MoleSafe is not a replacement for physical evaluation. Molesafe, when combined with an appointment with your physician, provides comprehensive skin early detection screening.

• #48 Atypical Moles: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0601/p762.html

  Atypical moles are associated with an increased risk of melanoma, warranting enhanced surveillance, especially in patients with more than 50 moles and a family history of melanoma. […] The reported prevalence of atypical moles varies widely, in part depending on whether the diagnosis is clinical or histologic. […] A meta-analysis of case-control studies found that the relative risk of melanoma is 1.45 in patients with one atypical mole vs. none, and this increases to 6.36 in those with five atypical moles. […] Persons with FAMMM syndrome have a 10-year risk of melanoma of 10.7%, which is 17.3 times higher than in those without the syndrome. […] Although periodic self-examinations and physician examinations may increase detection of thin melanomas amenable to surgery, it may be that close surveillance detects more slow-growing lesions with an inherently favorable prognosis.

• #49 Atypical Moles: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0601/p762.html

  The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force has found insufficient evidence to assess the balance of benefits and harms of routine screening for skin cancer by clinicians or patients, but acknowledges that screening in high-risk populations may have value. […] Total body photographs, with copies given to the patient, may be considered for observational aid and reassurance, especially in patients with a large number and variety of moles. […] Although atypical moles are associated with an increased risk of melanoma, most melanomas do not arise from existing atypical moles, and this should guide biopsy decisions.

• #50 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/9/4/63

  Melanoma accounts for 1.7% of global cancer diagnoses and is the fifth most common cancer in the US. […] Melanoma incidence is rising in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries, growing over 320% in the US since 1975. […] The incidence of melanoma has increased in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries over the past decades. […] According to the latest SEER data, melanoma is the fifth most common cancer diagnosis in the US (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers), with 106,000 estimated new cases in 2021, which represents 5.6% of all cancer diagnoses. […] Melanoma has seen one of the fastest expansions in incidence among cancers in developed countries. […] An estimated 57,000 people died of melanoma in 2020, according to GLOBOCAN, resulting in age-standardized mortality of 0.7/100,000 for men and 0.4/100,000 for women worldwide.

• #51 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/9/4/63

  Melanoma accounts for 1.7% of global cancer diagnoses and is the fifth most common cancer in the US. […] Melanoma incidence is rising in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries, growing over 320% in the US since 1975. […] The incidence of melanoma has increased in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries over the past decades. […] According to the latest SEER data, melanoma is the fifth most common cancer diagnosis in the US (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers), with 106,000 estimated new cases in 2021, which represents 5.6% of all cancer diagnoses. […] Melanoma has seen one of the fastest expansions in incidence among cancers in developed countries. […] An estimated 57,000 people died of melanoma in 2020, according to GLOBOCAN, resulting in age-standardized mortality of 0.7/100,000 for men and 0.4/100,000 for women worldwide.

• #52 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/9/4/63

  Melanoma accounts for 1.7% of global cancer diagnoses and is the fifth most common cancer in the US. […] Melanoma incidence is rising in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries, growing over 320% in the US since 1975. […] The incidence of melanoma has increased in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries over the past decades. […] According to the latest SEER data, melanoma is the fifth most common cancer diagnosis in the US (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers), with 106,000 estimated new cases in 2021, which represents 5.6% of all cancer diagnoses. […] Melanoma has seen one of the fastest expansions in incidence among cancers in developed countries. […] An estimated 57,000 people died of melanoma in 2020, according to GLOBOCAN, resulting in age-standardized mortality of 0.7/100,000 for men and 0.4/100,000 for women worldwide.

• #53 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/9/4/63

  Melanoma accounts for 1.7% of global cancer diagnoses and is the fifth most common cancer in the US. […] Melanoma incidence is rising in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries, growing over 320% in the US since 1975. […] The incidence of melanoma has increased in developed, predominantly fair-skinned countries over the past decades. […] According to the latest SEER data, melanoma is the fifth most common cancer diagnosis in the US (excluding nonmelanoma skin cancers), with 106,000 estimated new cases in 2021, which represents 5.6% of all cancer diagnoses. […] Melanoma has seen one of the fastest expansions in incidence among cancers in developed countries. […] An estimated 57,000 people died of melanoma in 2020, according to GLOBOCAN, resulting in age-standardized mortality of 0.7/100,000 for men and 0.4/100,000 for women worldwide.

• #54 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/9/4/63

  The mortality rate in the US was 2.0/100,000 in 2018, as compared to a high of 2.8/100,000 in 2009. […] Melanoma accounts for over 80% of skin cancer deaths. […] The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011–2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] The 5-year survival is 99.4% for those first diagnosed with stage I–II disease, decreasing to 68.0% for stage III and 29.8% for stage IV. […] Moles, or nevi, are benign growths of melanocytes considered both direct precursors and markers of increased risk for melanoma. […] In a population-based study in the US, the annual transformation rate of any single mole into melanoma was found to range from 0.0005% in those under 40 to 0.003% for men over 60. […] One study found those with >100 moles are at a seven-fold increased risk of developing melanoma relative to those with <15. [...] Guidelines suggest these moles should be surveilled based on the ABCDE criteria (asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter >6 mm, and evolution), and if suspected, resected with margins of at least 2 mm.

• #55 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/9/4/63

  The mortality rate in the US was 2.0/100,000 in 2018, as compared to a high of 2.8/100,000 in 2009. […] Melanoma accounts for over 80% of skin cancer deaths. […] The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011–2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] The 5-year survival is 99.4% for those first diagnosed with stage I–II disease, decreasing to 68.0% for stage III and 29.8% for stage IV. […] Moles, or nevi, are benign growths of melanocytes considered both direct precursors and markers of increased risk for melanoma. […] In a population-based study in the US, the annual transformation rate of any single mole into melanoma was found to range from 0.0005% in those under 40 to 0.003% for men over 60. […] One study found those with >100 moles are at a seven-fold increased risk of developing melanoma relative to those with <15. [...] Guidelines suggest these moles should be surveilled based on the ABCDE criteria (asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter >6 mm, and evolution), and if suspected, resected with margins of at least 2 mm.

• #56 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/9/4/63

  The mortality rate in the US was 2.0/100,000 in 2018, as compared to a high of 2.8/100,000 in 2009. […] Melanoma accounts for over 80% of skin cancer deaths. […] The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011–2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] The 5-year survival is 99.4% for those first diagnosed with stage I–II disease, decreasing to 68.0% for stage III and 29.8% for stage IV. […] Moles, or nevi, are benign growths of melanocytes considered both direct precursors and markers of increased risk for melanoma. […] In a population-based study in the US, the annual transformation rate of any single mole into melanoma was found to range from 0.0005% in those under 40 to 0.003% for men over 60. […] One study found those with >100 moles are at a seven-fold increased risk of developing melanoma relative to those with <15. [...] Guidelines suggest these moles should be surveilled based on the ABCDE criteria (asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter >6 mm, and evolution), and if suspected, resected with margins of at least 2 mm.

• #57 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3271/9/4/63

  The mortality rate in the US was 2.0/100,000 in 2018, as compared to a high of 2.8/100,000 in 2009. […] Melanoma accounts for over 80% of skin cancer deaths. […] The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011–2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] The 5-year survival is 99.4% for those first diagnosed with stage I–II disease, decreasing to 68.0% for stage III and 29.8% for stage IV. […] Moles, or nevi, are benign growths of melanocytes considered both direct precursors and markers of increased risk for melanoma. […] In a population-based study in the US, the annual transformation rate of any single mole into melanoma was found to range from 0.0005% in those under 40 to 0.003% for men over 60. […] One study found those with >100 moles are at a seven-fold increased risk of developing melanoma relative to those with <15. [...] Guidelines suggest these moles should be surveilled based on the ABCDE criteria (asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter >6 mm, and evolution), and if suspected, resected with margins of at least 2 mm.

• #58 Melanoma Skin Cancer Statistics | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/melanoma-skin-cancer/about/key-statistics.html

  Melanoma accounts for only about 1% of skin cancers but causes a large majority of skin cancer deaths. […] The American Cancer Societys estimates for melanoma in the United States for 2025 are: About 104,960 new melanomas will be diagnosed (about 60,550 in men and 44,410 in women). […] About 8,430 people are expected to die of melanoma (about 5,470 men and 2,960 women). […] Changes in the rates of new melanomas vary by age and sex. […] Melanoma death rates declined rapidly from 2013 to 2022, largely because of advances in treatment. […] The risk of melanoma increases as people age. […] The average age of people when it is diagnosed is 66. […] In fact, its one of the most common cancers in young adults (especially young women). […] Curiel-Lewandrowski C. Melanoma: Epidemiology and risk factors. UpToDate. 2023. Accessed at https://www.uptodate.com/contents/melanoma-epidemiology-and-risk-factors on January 17, 2025.

• #59 Melanoma Skin Cancer Statistics | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/melanoma-skin-cancer/about/key-statistics.html

  Melanoma accounts for only about 1% of skin cancers but causes a large majority of skin cancer deaths. […] The American Cancer Societys estimates for melanoma in the United States for 2025 are: About 104,960 new melanomas will be diagnosed (about 60,550 in men and 44,410 in women). […] About 8,430 people are expected to die of melanoma (about 5,470 men and 2,960 women). […] Changes in the rates of new melanomas vary by age and sex. […] Melanoma death rates declined rapidly from 2013 to 2022, largely because of advances in treatment. […] The risk of melanoma increases as people age. […] The average age of people when it is diagnosed is 66. […] In fact, its one of the most common cancers in young adults (especially young women). […] Curiel-Lewandrowski C. Melanoma: Epidemiology and risk factors. UpToDate. 2023. Accessed at https://www.uptodate.com/contents/melanoma-epidemiology-and-risk-factors on January 17, 2025.

• #60 Melanoma Skin Cancer Statistics | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/melanoma-skin-cancer/about/key-statistics.html

  Melanoma accounts for only about 1% of skin cancers but causes a large majority of skin cancer deaths. […] The American Cancer Societys estimates for melanoma in the United States for 2025 are: About 104,960 new melanomas will be diagnosed (about 60,550 in men and 44,410 in women). […] About 8,430 people are expected to die of melanoma (about 5,470 men and 2,960 women). […] Changes in the rates of new melanomas vary by age and sex. […] Melanoma death rates declined rapidly from 2013 to 2022, largely because of advances in treatment. […] The risk of melanoma increases as people age. […] The average age of people when it is diagnosed is 66. […] In fact, its one of the most common cancers in young adults (especially young women). […] Curiel-Lewandrowski C. Melanoma: Epidemiology and risk factors. UpToDate. 2023. Accessed at https://www.uptodate.com/contents/melanoma-epidemiology-and-risk-factors on January 17, 2025.

• #61 Melanoma Skin Cancer Statistics | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/melanoma-skin-cancer/about/key-statistics.html

  Melanoma accounts for only about 1% of skin cancers but causes a large majority of skin cancer deaths. […] The American Cancer Societys estimates for melanoma in the United States for 2025 are: About 104,960 new melanomas will be diagnosed (about 60,550 in men and 44,410 in women). […] About 8,430 people are expected to die of melanoma (about 5,470 men and 2,960 women). […] Changes in the rates of new melanomas vary by age and sex. […] Melanoma death rates declined rapidly from 2013 to 2022, largely because of advances in treatment. […] The risk of melanoma increases as people age. […] The average age of people when it is diagnosed is 66. […] In fact, its one of the most common cancers in young adults (especially young women). […] Curiel-Lewandrowski C. Melanoma: Epidemiology and risk factors. UpToDate. 2023. Accessed at https://www.uptodate.com/contents/melanoma-epidemiology-and-risk-factors on January 17, 2025.

• #62 Melanoma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanoma

  Globally, in 2012, melanoma occurred in 232,000 people and resulted in 55,000 deaths. […] Australia and New Zealand have the highest rates of melanoma in the world. […] The rate of melanoma has increased in the recent years, but it is not clear to what extent changes in behavior, in the environment, or in early detection are involved. […] In the United States, about 9,000 people die from melanoma a year. […] Melanoma is more than 20 times more common in whites than in African Americans. Overall, the lifetime risk of getting melanoma is about 2.5% (1 in 40) for whites, 0.1% (1 in 1,000) for African Americans, and 0.5% (1 in 200) for Mexicans. […] The risk of melanoma increases as people age. The average age of people when the disease is diagnosed is 63. […] Advances in high resolution ultrasound scanning have enabled surveillance of metastatic burden to the sentinel lymph nodes. […] The Screening and Surveillance of Ultrasound in Melanoma trial (SUNMEL) is evaluating ultrasound as an alternative to invasive surgical methods.

• #63 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/resolver?pii=medsci9040063

  The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011–2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] Melanoma incidence may be associated with obesity, with some, but not all, studies showing an increased risk among those with a BMI over 30. […] Public health initiatives in some developed nations, such as Australia, have been effective in curbing the growth in melanoma incidence and should be used as models for education and funding in the US. […] Multiple randomized controlled trials have found that regular sunscreen use significantly reduced melanoma rates decades later. […] A meta-analysis of nine cross-sectional studies found that sunburn incidence was halved by 2002, and those exposed to the advertising condoned a greater usage of sun protection. […] A Belgian study found that lesion-directed skin exams had similar rates of detection to whole-body skin exams, which take six times longer.

• #64 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/resolver?pii=medsci9040063

  The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011–2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] Melanoma incidence may be associated with obesity, with some, but not all, studies showing an increased risk among those with a BMI over 30. […] Public health initiatives in some developed nations, such as Australia, have been effective in curbing the growth in melanoma incidence and should be used as models for education and funding in the US. […] Multiple randomized controlled trials have found that regular sunscreen use significantly reduced melanoma rates decades later. […] A meta-analysis of nine cross-sectional studies found that sunburn incidence was halved by 2002, and those exposed to the advertising condoned a greater usage of sun protection. […] A Belgian study found that lesion-directed skin exams had similar rates of detection to whole-body skin exams, which take six times longer.

• #65 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/resolver?pii=medsci9040063

  The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011–2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] Melanoma incidence may be associated with obesity, with some, but not all, studies showing an increased risk among those with a BMI over 30. […] Public health initiatives in some developed nations, such as Australia, have been effective in curbing the growth in melanoma incidence and should be used as models for education and funding in the US. […] Multiple randomized controlled trials have found that regular sunscreen use significantly reduced melanoma rates decades later. […] A meta-analysis of nine cross-sectional studies found that sunburn incidence was halved by 2002, and those exposed to the advertising condoned a greater usage of sun protection. […] A Belgian study found that lesion-directed skin exams had similar rates of detection to whole-body skin exams, which take six times longer.

• #66 Epidemiology of Melanoma

  https://www.mdpi.com/resolver?pii=medsci9040063

  The most recent 5-year survival rate (2011–2017) according to SEER is 93.3% for melanoma, up from 81.9% in 1975. […] Melanoma incidence may be associated with obesity, with some, but not all, studies showing an increased risk among those with a BMI over 30. […] Public health initiatives in some developed nations, such as Australia, have been effective in curbing the growth in melanoma incidence and should be used as models for education and funding in the US. […] Multiple randomized controlled trials have found that regular sunscreen use significantly reduced melanoma rates decades later. […] A meta-analysis of nine cross-sectional studies found that sunburn incidence was halved by 2002, and those exposed to the advertising condoned a greater usage of sun protection. […] A Belgian study found that lesion-directed skin exams had similar rates of detection to whole-body skin exams, which take six times longer.

• #67 Rationale for 3D mole mapping with the VECTRA 360 | News | OneWelbeck

  https://onewelbeck.com/news/rationale-for-3d-mole-mapping-with-the-vectra-360/

  Sequential imaging at follow up visits allows for monitoring with great accuracy and identifies minor skin changes which may indicate early malignancy, allowing clinicians to detect subtle signs of in-situ (precancerous) melanoma or invasive melanoma with a higher sensitivity and specificity before they are apparent to the naked eye/ to the patient. […] The use of photography for the management of patients at higher risk for melanoma with atypical (moles that are irregular in size, shape and colour) is further supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines for melanoma that stipulate that clinically atypical melanocytic lesions that do not need excision at first presentation should have baseline photography and then subsequent review of the lesion in order to identify early signs of melanoma.

• #68 Rationale for 3D mole mapping with the VECTRA 360 | News | OneWelbeck

  https://onewelbeck.com/news/rationale-for-3d-mole-mapping-with-the-vectra-360/

  Mole mapping for individuals at risk of melanoma is therefore currently offered within Dermatology departments in the NHS. […] Recent technological advances however have led to the development of 3D imaging which is designed to facilitate 360 degree rotation to view all body angles including curved surfaces that are often not captured adequately with 2D imaging. […] The patient stands in the device and image capture is taken within a matter of milliseconds- allowing for convenient, efficient and discrete acquisition of the required body images. […] On subsequent visits with repeat imaging, usually recommended on an annual basis, an inbuilt AI system is able to identify new and changing skin lesions which is able to guide the clinician to areas on the skin requiring examination, reducing the risk of missing subtle early changes.

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